修饰副词介词词组或状语从句时-UNLTD
高三新高考英语一轮人教版课件第一部分第六讲从“状语”角度释解副词的用法规则

through hard work, you truly (true) can make your dream come true,” says Max.
as much of the range has been
(poor) studied; however,
biologists calculate that there are about 20,000 - 25,000 polar bears
worldwide.
解析:poorly 设空处修饰谓语动词 has been studied 作状语,应用副词形
(二)副词的句法功能和位置 副词作状语说明动作性质或状态的特征,常用来修饰动词、形容词、副 词、介词短语及整个句子等。副词还可以作表语、定语和补足语等。 1.enough 修饰名词前置或后置均可;修饰形容词、动词或副词时,必 须后置。 If I work hard enough, I can be whatever I want to be. 如果我足够努力地学习,我就能成为我想成为的。 2.几个副词并列作状语时,其顺序较灵活,但一般是:方式→地点→时 间。 We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday. 我们上周星期天在户外一起玩得很愉快。
4.To them, life is a competition — they have to do better (good) than their peers to be happy.
英语所有前后缀意思

英语所有前后缀意思一.表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dish onorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前i mpossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)4.il-加在以1开头的词前illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)5.i r-加在以r开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)un doubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)7.non-加在形容词,名词前non-existence (不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8.mis-加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune (不幸)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白) 11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)二.表示“前before”的前缀1.pre- preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的)preface(前言)2.Ante- anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)3.Fore- forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),foreman(工头,领班),f oresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)4.Pro- programme(计划),prologue(序幕)5.Ex- ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)三.表示“后-post”的前缀1.post- p ost-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀1.Hypo- Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)2.Infra- Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)3.Sub- Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀1.Re- Refuel(给…加油),retranslate(再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2.Retro- Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1.Co- co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-educ ation(男女同校)七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀1.Inter- Interchangeble(可互换的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1.Ec- Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)2.Extra- Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)九.表示“超过”的前缀1.hyp er-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra- hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)十.其它的前缀1.auto-自automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)2.mal-坏,恶Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)3.Micro- Microscope(显微镜),microt ome(切片机)4.Tele-远Telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)5.Demi-,semi-hemi- Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform (制服)7.Bi-,di-二Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)8.Tri-三Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)9.Multi-多multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)10.Poly –多Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的) 11.Arch-首领archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)12.bene-善,好benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)13.homo-同homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)14.neo新neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)15.or tho-正确,直orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)16.philo-挚爱philosopher(哲学家)17.proto-原始protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共产主义)19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)20.Apo-,aph-来自apology(道歉,谢罪),apostl e(倡言者,先驱)21.se-分离separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)22.para-防parachute(降落伞),23.omni-所有的,公共的omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence(万能)24.pan-全,泛Pan-American(全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)25.panto-全pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)26.dia-通过,借以diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)27.Per-通过,彻底,不利perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的28.trans-通过,横过transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation(翻译),trxnsparent (透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),c orruption(贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)30.syn-共同synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)31.meta-和,在……之后metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)32.Cis-在这一边cisatla ntic(大西洋这边的)33.pen-几乎,相近peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)34.en-,em-往……里,使…… encamp(扎营),enable(使……能),endear (使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))35.intro内在intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)36.intro-到……中introduce (介绍),introspect(反省,内省)37.dys-坏dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)38.Eu-优,美好eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)39.ambi-,amphi-两者amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)40.p enta-五pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)41.s ex-六sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)42.sept-七September九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)43.hepta-七heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon (七角形)44.octa-,octo,oct八octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月) 45.nona-,ennea-九nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)46.deci-,deca-十deci mal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)47.centi-百centimeter(厘米),centipede (蜈蚣)48.milli-千millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)49.Kilo-千kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)后缀1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,so ngster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,acto r,professor 2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:boo klet,leaflet,starlet 3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette 4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress 5.-hood意为:时期(status;e tc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood 6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship 7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful 8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation 9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement 10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal 11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,brea kage,hostage 12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:h appiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability 13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impre ssionism,absenteeism,racism 二、动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,s implify 2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,thr eaten 3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate 三、形容词后缀:常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful 2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless 3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly 4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like 5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,g irlish,blackish,thinnish 6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tireso me,bothersome 7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible 8.-ed 意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped 9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,re gional,musical 10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connec ted with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory 11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneou s,malicious,gracious 12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belongin g to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic 13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending t o)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensi tive 四、副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a... manner;etc.)例词:happily,boldly,attentive- ly,strangely 2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),bac kward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as ...is con cerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise 有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitt ing。
2021年高考英语二轮复习考点讲解:特殊句式

知识点一、倒装句(一)彻底倒装(Full Inversion)谓语动词彻底放在主语之前的语句便是彻底倒装句。
这类句型主要有:1.表明办法、方位的副词或介词短语,如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall 等,置于句首,且主语是名词时。
如:In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。
South of the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。
Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。
2.such置于句首时。
如:Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the20th century's greatest scientist.这便是艾伯特·爱因斯坦,一个朴素的人,也是20世纪最巨大的科学家。
(二)部分倒装(Partial Inversion)只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或神态动词)置于主语之前的语句叫部分倒装句。
这类句型主要有三种:1.only润饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。
如:Only in this way can we learn English well.只要以这种办法,咱们才干学好英语。
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只要当他回来时,咱们才查明晰本相。
运用特色:1.在部分倒装句中,假如谓语部分无助动词,则须找助动词来“协助”它构成倒装句。
如:(×)Only aft er the war learned he the sad news.(√)Only after the war did he learn the sad news.只是在战后他才知道那个凄惨的音讯。
人教版八年级下册英语第五单元词汇讲解(附练习及答案)

人教版八年级下册英语第五单元词汇讲解(附练习及答案)词汇讲解1. miss:作动词,意为“想念,思念”。
I’ll miss you when you go to Canada .你到了加拿大以后,我一定会想你。
【拓展】(1) miss 作动词还有“未击中,未抓住”的意思。
例如:I tried to hit the ball but I missed.我努力地想击中球,但却未成功。
(2) miss 还可意为“未赶上,错过”,是动词。
例如:I missed the football match on TV last night. 我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。
(3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。
例如:I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
2. suddenlysuddenly作副词,意为“突然,忽然”,在句中多修饰动词或句子,做状语。
例如:I suddenly remembered that I didn’t bring my key.我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。
It all happened so suddenly.一切都发生得那么突然。
3. either(1) either 作副词,意为“也不”,用在否定句中。
例如:He can’t play the violin. I can’t, either. 他不会拉小提琴,我也不会。
(2) either pron.(两者中)任意一个。
例如:There are many trees on either side of the street. 在街道的每一边都有很多树。
(3) either…or…为连词短语,连接两个相同的句子成分,意为“要么……要么……;或者……或者……;不是……就是……”。
高考副词用法全解析

高中副词的用法一、定义副词(Adverb-adv.)用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词.例如:not (不),here(这里),now(现在)然后,我们再来看一下它的用法.二、副词的用法(1)作状语He works hard.(副词修饰动词)他努力工作.You are quite right.(修饰形容词)你相当正确.He parked the car very easily.(修饰副词)他很容易地把汽车停放好了.Unfortunately he was out.(修饰整个句子)很不巧,他出去了.(2)作定语有时少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语,放在所修饰词的后边.注意:副词作定语时和介词短语作定语一样,一律后置.(3)作表语作表语的副词多数是表示位置的,如in, out,on,back, down,up,off,away,upstairs.He is in. 他在家.What's on this evening? 今晚演什么节目?I must be off now. 我现在必须走了.(4)作宾语补足语Let them in.让他们进来.We saw her off two days ago.两天前我们为她送行.下面,我们再来看一下副词在句子中的位置.三、副词的位置(1)地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末注意:地点副词作定语时要后置,不属于这种情况.I'll wait for you here.(地点副词)我将在这儿等你.I'll meet him at the station tomorrow.(时间副词)明天我将去车站接他.Tomorrow I'll meet him at the station.注意:有时为了强调时间,也可把时间副词放在句首.The boy wrote the homework quickly.(方式副词)这个男孩子写作业很快.They did their experiments carefully in the lab yesterday.方式地点时间昨天他们在实验室认真地做实验.The students all worked well here last week这些学生上周在这里都做得很好.(2)频度副词在句中位置有以下两种a.在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后.She is always kind to us(be动词)她对我们总是很好.I can never forget the day.(情态动词)我永远也不能忘掉这一天.The work has never been done.助动词助动词(频度副词never放在第一个助动词has的后面)这件工作永远也做不完.b.在实义动词之前He often goes to school early.(实义动词)他常常早到校.(3)程度副词有下列二种情况a.修饰动词时,它在句中的位置与频度副词的情况相似.He is almost forty years old.(在be动词之后)他快四十岁了.注意:如果句末同时有几个副词,它的基本顺序是:方式副词+地点副词+时间副词.He can hardly understand you.(在情态动词之后)他几乎听不懂你的活.I like the boy.(在实义动词之前)我相当喜欢这个男孩子.b.修饰形容词、副词时,放在它所修饰的词的前面.He studies much harder now.现在他学习努力多了.The room is big enough to hold fifty persons.(enough修饰形容词)这个房间够大的可以容纳50人.He runs fast enough.(enough修饰副词)他跑得够快的.例外:只有enough例外,置于所修饰的形容词和副词后边.四、副词的排列顺序1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后.2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接.Please write slowly and carefully.3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词.注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词.改错:(错) I very like English.(对) I like English very much.注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可.I don't know him well enough.There is enough food for everyone to eat.There is food enough for everyone to eat.五、副词的比较级和最高级副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样(1)一般副词hard→harder →hardestfast→faster →fastestlate→later →latestearly→earlier →earliest(2)特殊副词well →better →bestmuch →more →mostbadly →worse →worstlittle →less →least 但是,开放类副词即以后缀?ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加?er 或?est,如quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly〔注〕:early中的?ly不是后缀,故可以把?y变?i再加?er和?est(3)兼有两种形式的副词1) close与closelyclose意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.2) late 与latelylate意思是"晚";lately 意思是"最近"You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?3) deep与deeplydeep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4) high与highlyhigh表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于muchThe plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.5) wide与widelywide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6) free与freelyfree的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.。
人教版丨八年级下册英语5单元词汇讲解(附练习及答案)

人教版丨八年级下册英语5单元词汇讲解(附练习及答案)词汇讲解1. miss:作动词,意为“想念,思念”。
I’ll miss you when you go toCanada.你到了加拿大以后,我一定会想你。
【拓展】(1) miss作动词还有“未击中,未抓住”的意思。
例如:I tried to hit the ball but I missed.我努力地想击中球,但却未成功。
(2) miss还可意为“未赶上,错过”,是动词。
例如:I missed the football match on TV last night. 我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。
(3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。
例如:I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
2. suddenlysuddenly作副词,意为“突然,忽然”,在句中多修饰动词或句子,做状语。
例如:I suddenly remembered that I didn’t bring my key.我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。
It all happened so suddenly.一切都发生得那么突然。
3. either(1) either作副词,意为“也不”,用在否定句中。
例如:He can’t play the violin. I can’t, either. 他不会拉小提琴,我也不会。
(2) either pron.(两者中)任意一个。
例如:There are many trees on either side of the street. 在街道的每一边都有很多树。
(3) either…or…为连词短语,连接两个相同的句子成分,意为“要么……要么……;或者……或者……;不是……就是……”。
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小新笔记作者:来源:《新高考·高一英语》2013年第03期◇单词巧记否定前缀un⁃可以加在形容词、动词、名词,甚至副词或介词前,构成一个与原词意义相反的词。
如:unhappy adj. 不快乐的 unable adj. 不能的unfinished adj. 未完成的 undoubted adj. 毫无疑问的uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 unreal adj. 不真实的unclear adj. 不清楚的 unfriendly adj. 不友好的unjust adj. 不公正的 unlock v. 开锁unwrap v. 拆包装 undress v. 脱衣unemployment n. 失业 unusually adv. 异乎寻常的unlike prep. 不像◇语法点滴名词性从句中whether和if不可换的情况有多少呢?记住四种句式与一个动词。
主语从句中,在句首时,用whether而不用if;用it作形式主语时,两者皆可。
宾语从句中,介词之后用whether而不用if;后接不定式时,用whether而不用if;宾语从句中有or not 时,用whether而不用if。
表语从句和同位语从句用whether而不用if。
动词discuss后必须用whether。
例如:Your promotion this year depends on whether you can well organize the campaign. 你今年的提升取决于你是否能组织好此次活动。
The problem nowadays is whether everyone obeys the traffic rules. 现在的问题是是否人人遵守交通法规。
We are discussing whether all of us are aware of the problem of air pollution. 我们正在讨论是否我们所有人都意识到空气污染的问题。
英语中状语的位置规则

英语中状语的位置规则在英语中,状语的位置可以根据不同情况有所变化。
状语通常用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,旨在提供额外的信息。
以下是一些常见的状语位置规则:1.状语位于句首:- 表示时间的状语:Yesterday, I went to the park.(昨天,我去了公园。
)- 表示地点的状语:In the library, students were studying quietly.(图书馆里,学生们正在安静地学习。
)- 表示原因的状语:Due to bad weather, the event was postponed.(因为天气不好,活动被推迟了。
)- 表示条件的状语:If you study hard, you will succeed.(如果你努力学习,你会成功。
)2.状语位于句中:- 修饰动词的状语:I always exercise in the morning.(我总是早上锻炼。
)- 修饰形容词的状语:She is extremely talented.(她非常有才华。
)- 修饰副词的状语:He runs very fast.(他跑得很快。
)- 修饰整个句子的状语:Frankly, I don't believe you.(坦率地说,我不相信你。
)3.状语位于句尾:- 修饰动词的状语:She sang the song beautifully.(她唱得很漂亮。
)- 修饰形容词的状语:He is clever indeed.(他确实很聪明。
)- 修饰副词的状语:He ate the cake quickly.(他迅速地吃了蛋糕。
)- 修饰整个句子的状语:All things considered, it was a good decision.(综上所述,这是一个好的决定。
)需要注意的是,当一个英语句子中有多个状语时,它们的顺序通常遵循以下规则:1.时间状语放在地点状语之前:- I went to the park yesterday in the afternoon.(我昨天下午去公园。
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• (2)在There be (exist、happen、 live、appear、lie、occur、rise、 seem、come、remain、stand等) 句型中。 1.There are at least thousands of people in the square. 2.There stands a tall tree in front of our school gate.
(2)当句首状语为否定词或带有否定含义的 词语时,常见的这类词或词语有not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, scarcely 以及not until, no sooner,...than, hardly...when, ...no...等。 1. Seldom had I seen such a beautiful picture. 2.Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang. 3.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.(MET90)
在上述四种句子中,如果主语为 人称代词,则不需要倒装。 e.g. In he came and back he went again.
二、部分倒装
• (1)Only在句首,修饰副词,介词词组 以关联连词 not only...but also开首的句 或状语从句时。 子或者分句也是如此。 1.only then did he find it Not only did theyalong breakwith into his office important to get others. and steal his but can they we also tore up 2.Only inbooks, this way make his manuscripts. great progress. 位于句首的 only ,(包括连词 3.Only after he came back not were only...but )只修饰(或连接)主语 you ablealso to see him. 部分,则不引起倒装。 Only Jack can answer this question.
一、完全倒装
• (1)在以here、there、now、then等 副词开头的句子里。 1.Here is the seat for you. 2.There goes the bell. 3.Now comes your turn. 4.Then followed three days of heavy rain.
(3)在省去if的虚拟条件从句中。 1.Should I be free this h your lesson. 2.Were I in your place. I would not be fit for your job. 3.Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. 我们可以说Were it not...或者Had it not been...,但不可以说Weren’ t it... 或者hadn’t it been.. .因此下列句子应视为病句。 Weren’t it for his wife’s money, he would never be a director.
倒装句
• 英语句子通常有两种语序:一种是 陈述语序,一种是倒装语序。将谓 语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的 语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为 二种:将整个谓语提到主语之前的 叫完全倒装( full inversion );而只 将 be 、情态动词或者助动词放在主 语 之 前 的 叫 做 部 分 倒 装 ( partial inversion)。
4.At no time have I said such a thing. 5.Not a finger did I lay on him. 6.To few people does such an opportunity occur. 但当否定词否定主语,否定词组不含否定含 义,或者句首状语的否定意义已为随后的另一 名词所抵消,此时则不需要倒装。 1.Not a leaf had fallen from the trees though autumn was well advanced. 2.In no time the locusts came clown and started eating everything. 3.Not infrequently they go abroad.
(3)在象声词或以out、in、up、 down、away等副词开头的句子里。 1.Crackle,crackle,crackle came the gun and the young soldier felt very frightened. 2. Out rushed the children.
(4)当表示地点的介词词组在句首时。 1.At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 2.The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 3.East of the lake lie two towns. 4.Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
(4)在So ...that, to such...that 或者 in such ...that的句型中。