高考英语阅读主旨大意题.
高考英语专题-阅读理解之主旨大意
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hu-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs ＄ 395. This This sales called “bait and switch”. sales method methodis is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. (2分钟) The paragraph could be entitled _________. A. Buying A TV Set (detail) B. A Selling Method 诱售法 C. Buyer Beware (detail) D. TV On Sale (detail)
新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练八
阅读理解题型分类练(八) 主旨大意题——文章大意类A[2023·山东省青岛市高三检测] In 2014, Mahoney performed an act of kindness as part of a Facebook challenge. She picked a 79yearold senior named Wagner, who regularly gave back to the community. Mahoney wanted to know Wagner better, so they spent a day together, picking up groceries and getting their nails done. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about her，” says Mahoney.Their shared experience got Mahoney thinking. How many other seniors might benefit from dedicated attention? She came up with a plan: find local seniors with longtime dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.Seniors can nominate (提名) themselves or be nominated by someone else; wishes are then assessed by a community committee that lo oks at factors such as agerelated physical barriers, social isolation and financial need.Melanie nominated her husband, 78yearold Victor, to go rockhounding, a hobby he'd given up when it became too physically difficult to access the bay where he hunted for geodes (晶洞). The team at WAY hired a boat for him and his son so they could reach the bay and search out geodes on the beach. “Now, Victor has regained his selfconfidence and is willing to take on new challenges. We want to show that anything is possible with the support of others，” says Mahoney.Up to now, WAY has delivered on 41 dreams, ranging from a helicopter trip over a childhood blueberrypicking spot to travelling to Toronto to watch a Blue Jays game. While her charity operates only in Nova Scotia, Mahoney has her own dream. Each WAY wish is recorded on video, and she wants people watching to be inspired to fulfill a wish for a senior in their own community. “We want to create a national movement that shifts how we as a society view, value and support seniors，” says Mahoney. “That is the impact we're trying to create.”1．Why did Mahoney set up WAY?A．To complete a Facebook challenge.B．To give back to local communities.C．To do daily chores for the elderly.D．To help seniors realize their goals.2．How has WAY affected Victor?A．He has made more friends.B．He has started a new hobby.C．He has become highspirited.D．He has regained his son's support.3．What does Mahoney intend to do by recording videos?A．Rise to fame and fortune overnight.B．Keep memories alive for the elderly.C．Positively change our attitude towards the elderly.D．Improve interpersonal relationship in the community.4. What is the text mainly about?A．Lifelong dreams.B．A charity for seniors.C．Problems seniors meet.D．An unforgettable experience.B[2023·湖北省高三调研] More cities, states and regions are committing to comprehensive climate plans to decarbonize (减少碳排放) transportation by 2040. The need for action is now, and we need to rise to the challenge quickly. Google technology is unlocking our ability to generate climaterelated insights and impact on the globe.The transportation sector is where global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are rising the quickest. In 2018, Google launched the Environmental Insights Explorer (EIE). Using AI, the systems analyze transportation trends in a city by mode, helping local governments assess their progress in tackling GHG emissions. GHG inventory processes (温室气体排放清单) traditionally take months and multiple data sources to collect, and are now highly efficient, allowing government staff to reduce the cost and personnel burden of reporting.In pursuit of helping more cities take action against climate change, we will make transportation insights available in EIE for over 20，000 cities and regional governments by the end of the year, making it one of the largest ever collections of highquality, globally consistent environmental data sources.With EIE, cities have free access to Google's unique mapping data and insights so they can decide on cleaner transport policies. As part of Google's most ambitious decade of climate action, we've committed to helping more than 500 cities and local governments reduce a total sum of 1 billion tons of carbon emissions per year by 2030 and beyond.As the window continues to narrow on carrying out policies and plans to reduce emissions, we're collaborating with other associations, committed to addressing climate change. Our work with Cities Climate Leadership Group(C 40) will help us better support the needs of cities. Together we can provide higherquality transportation activity data to measure and track GHG emissions at a global scale, while also giving state and local governments resources to better understand what's working at a local level.5．What can we learn about EIE from paragraph 2?A．It takes over government staff's work.B．It predicts transportation trends in a city.C．It results in the rising of GHG emissions.D．It deals with data collection and analysis.6．What is the purpose of the project EIE?A．To promote Google's ambitious climate action．B．To help cities make more sustainable decisions.C．To provide environmental protection resources.D.To partner with 40 countries for climate solutions.7．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “collaborating” in the last paragraph?A．Cooperating. B．Compromising.C．Competing. D．Corresponding.8．What is the main idea of the passage?A.Google helps calculate people's carbon footprint with EIE.B．Local governments benefit from environmental data sources.C．Technology does its part in the action against climate change.D．Technology can increase people's environmental consciousness.C[2023·安徽省高三四月联考] Social media has completely taken over everyday life, affecting how society runs and changing individuals in ways that even they can feel. While social media can act as a platform for people to express themselves, it can also be overwhelming, especially for high school teens.To teenager Bryson Lan, deleting social media helped eliminate a significant distraction in his routine and keep up with teachers. “I was scrolling (滚动) through social networking sites so much，” Lan said. “I was also starting to struggle since I entered my high school year. When school started, I was super overwhelmed (不知所措的), and I was just not ready for it.”Most teenagers fear that by eliminating these apps, they will miss out on connections with their peers and feel a significant loss to their social life. However, Lan found he didn't miss anything during his time without social media.Another problem with social media is the amount of “junk content” posted. People are regularly posting and updating on social media, and much of the content has no meaning to other viewers and is ultimately a__time__suck．However, social media isn't all negative. Social media can be a place to develop passions and boost creativity. For example, Lan found his interest in photography blossom after seeing works from other pho tographers on social media. “Social media is a good place where you can have a portfolio (作品集) or upload your works，” Lan said. “A lot of people have photography accounts or art accounts. In some ways, I think it actually furthers your hobby.”The vast audience that social media can reach brings convenience and effectiveness in the spread of art. Although some people might be discouraged by other artists' impressive works, Lan is inspired to produce better photographs.“Thanks to this revolutionary developm ent of social media, we can enjoy a world where everyone is closer than before，” Lan said. “But we also need to have the skills to make good use of social media, and that depends on each person's efforts.”9．What did getting rid of social media bring Lan?A．More distractions.B．Confusion about life.C．A smaller social circle.D．More attention on his studies.10．What does the underlined phrase “a time suck” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．A waste of time. B．A timetable.C．A lack of time. D．A time switch.11．What's Lan's attitude towards social media?A．Doubtful. B．Unclear.C．Objective. D．Supportive.12．What's the main idea of the text?A．Most teenagers' opinions on social media.B．The effects social media has on teenagers.C．Innovative development of social media.D．The problems social media brings people.阅读理解题型分类练(八)A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。
高考英语阅读理解专题练习-主旨大意题
高考英语阅读理解专题练习-主旨大意题Reading comprehension---Main idea1. The easy way out isn’t always easiest. I learned that lessonwhen I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal.I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take tine, I started on it as soon as Doug left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn’t have to face Doug laughing at my work.I went on preparing the rest if the meal, and, when Doug got home , we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went out side , saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the window to see what he was doing. Looking out , I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house , he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in our rubbish bin . Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped close and looked harder. Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the sough to dough to double in size and thefermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as thought it were breathing . It looked like some unknown being from outer space. I could see why Doug was shaken. I had to admit what the ―living thing‖ was and why it was there. I don’t know who was more embarrassed (尴尬) by the whole thing –Doug or me.The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ___________a. to tell an interesting experience.To show the easiest way out of a difficulty. b.c. To describe the trouble facing a newly married womand. To explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books2 Decision thinking is not unlike poker--- it of ten matters notonly what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process () is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers. The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games of ―perfect information‖, games like chess where the players can’t hide anything orplay tricks; they don’t win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of ― imperfect information‖, like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of actionis better thananother.One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quit the reverse. Business, politics, lifeitself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors () which would even puzzle() best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.The subject discussed in this text is _____a. the process of reaching decisionb. the difference between poker and chess嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 1 of 17c. the secret of making good business plansd. the value of information in winning games 3 Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious, In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary(暂时的) . This is the most common type. It usually disappearsquickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example a family problem, the death of a loves one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems,such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的) loneliness usuallylasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonelypeople for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illnesssuch as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.th The topic of the 41. paragraph is that _________.a. one problem of loneliness is a person’s social contactsb. we depend on various people for different reasonsc. lonely people don’t have many social problemsd. lonely people don’t have many friends2. What is the best title for the passage?a. Three Kinds of Loneliness.b. :Loneliness and Diseasesc. Loneliness and Social Contactsd. Chronic Loneliness.4(Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute (垃圾道)? You won’t be forlong. Miami’s Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and cycle, too.In Shantzis’ Hi-Rise Recycling system, a chute leads to a pip-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated. The system, which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use, enables ,glass, plastics, paper, metal, and other rubbish to go into separate boxes.The system is controlled from a board foxed next to the chute door. The board has a button for each class of recycling materials (). At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors’ chute doors 嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 2 of 17and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables.Sorting(分类) recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do thesorting. Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive, so expensive that tones of recyclables remain wasted. Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective. (NMET 2000 年 E)The purpose in writing this text is _________.A to encourage people to recycle their rubbish.B. to introduce a recycling system for high risesC to describe the use of computer technology in recyclingD to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rise5 Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment() friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastics, and these are difficult to get rid of.However, tod ay, more and more consumers are choosing ―green‖ and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these, ―Will this shampoo damage the environment?‖ ―Can this metal container b e reused or can it only be used once?‖A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it, this means that companies must now changed the way they make and sell their products to make su re that they are ―green‖, that is, friendly to the environment.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket productscarry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point andemphasize it in their advertising.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the pubic accept the old attitude of ―buy it, use it , throw it away, and forget it.‖ Thepublic pressure is on , and gradually business is cleaning up its act.NMET2001 CWhat would be the best title for the text?a. Business and Peopleb. Business Goes Greenc. Shopping Habits Are Changingd. Supermarkets and Green Products6 If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatesteffect on the English language, you will get answers like―Shakespeare,‖ ―Samuel Johnson,‖ and ―Webster‖, but none of th ese men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English ----William the Conqueror.嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 3 of 17Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language , though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In therest of the country lived the Saxons , actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we nowcall Anglo-Saxon (or Old English ), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, ,modern English even shows a distinction () between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it isstill out in the field or at ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more ―foreign‖ than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition. NMET2001 DWhat is the subject discussed in the text?a. The history of Great Britain.b. The similarity between English and French.c. The rule of England by William the conquerord. The French influences on the English language.Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday atthe age of 110. Mr. John Evans had 7never found the time or the money to make the trip from his homenear Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse.Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr.Evens, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. ―There was a trip to the White city but it was ten shillings (1shilling =1/20 pound ) return from Swansea-too much I thought. All my money went to the family then,‖ he said.During the nest two days Mr. Evens will be taken on a whistle-stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament()The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. ― I don’t like the chair business-people will so think I am getting old,‖ he said.Hi secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized—no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger.Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped, ― I’m glad to see they’vegiven me a return ticket.‖ 2003shanfhai CWhat might be the best title for this passage?a. 100-year-old Touristb. Secret for Long and healthy lifec. Free Return Ticketd. Sightseeing in London嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 4 of 178 BEING –set of by the April 1 Sino-us plane collision(相撞) and US official agreement of the biggestarms sale to Taiwan in decade (ten years) as well as remarks by US president Bush on Defending Taiwan, there have been increasing hacker attacks on websites of the two countries in the past weeks.An American group of hackers (黑客) which calls itself Poison Box had begun ruining Chinese websites after the April1 spy plane incident, top Chinese portal said.The Chinese soon attacked back.On April 2, Chinese hackers invaded two Government websites over the weekend, forcing the Department of labor and the Department of the Health and Human Services to shut down their sites for a short time.The US Department of labor went off line for a few hours after a page in its website was changed to display a picture of Wang Wei, the Chinese pilot who died in the collision.The page was titled ―China back!‖ and read, in English, ―the whole country is so sorry for losing the best son of China ---Wang Wei forever. We will miss the end of the day.‖On May1, hackers exchanged bad remarks (脏话) in which the official White House website wasdefaced (毁容) by a huge amount of e-mail garbage. On May5, theWhite House website fell victim (受害者)to a denial (拒绝) of serviced attack that blocked access (通道) to the site for more than two hours.The Computer Network and Information Security Management Office told web operators an average of 100 sites a day had seen ―some more form of attack.‖The best title of the passage is _____.a. Sino-US plane collision.b. Sino-US Hackers Fighting Cyber () warc. Cyber war continuingd. Wang wei, our best son9 There were two interesting news items () in the paper a few years ago . One was about a man who received a bill from the telephone company for ?999,999—for three month! The other was about a man who received ?2,000 a month ---for doing nothing.The connection between the two news items is simple: computer – the best inventionthof the 20 century. The telephone bill came from a computer which made a terrifying mistake , that was only ?23.36. The other item was not so amusing . A man walked into the unguarded () computer room of a large packaged food company (袋装食品生产公司) and expectly programmed the computer (给计算机编程序) to pay him ?2,000 a month for raw meat which he “supplied”to the company. Of course he never sent the meat, but he certainly received the money. The computer wrote out a bill, and even“signed ”it . It was only a random (随便的) check that uncovered the trick. It could be happening in thousands of other companied all over the world.Computers are not the magical workers that some people say they are. T hey make mistakes, they’re sometimes slower than human beings and they’re easily fooled. The US used to conscript (征兵) people with the help of a computer.The army sent out a card, which had to be filled in and sent back. It was easy to avoid being called up simply by spreading candle-waxon on the card. The computer couldn’t read the card and did nothing with it.嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 5 of 17It’s in our everyday life that computers cause many problems.Let’s get back tousing people instead of computers, befor e a mistake that we can’t put right.The writer’s main idea is __________.A we’d better use people instead of computers in our everyday life.B. We should not use computers because they always make mistakesC. computers are widely used in our everyday lifeD. if we want to work well, don’t use the computers.During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When 10the crops were good, the economy on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much felling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due, only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups askedfor farmer controls, but governments had no wish to become involved, at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check inflation and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell and set prices.What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain how wheat is marketed todayB. To justify suspension of trading on the Grain Exchange.C. To describe the origins of the Canadian Wheat Board.D. To argue for further reforms on the Canadian Wheat Board11. April 27 is Take Our Daughters to Work Day in Britain. Startedat first in the United States and brought to Britain in 1994, Take Our Daughter to Work Day has become a special day for girls between 11 and 15. On that day thousands of girls take a day off school and go together with one of their parents to their work places. The purpose of this day is to broaden girls’ horizons(视野) and raise their self-confidence.For many years people have thought that boy can do better than girls in society. But actually, ―Girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot , a nurse or a chief executive (主管),‖ says the c hairman of the Our Sons and Daughters Charitable Trust, an organization which supported the activity of the Day. ― Now the girls have a close look at what their parents are doing and this may help them to be more self-confident when they are faced with a choice of work.‖嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 6 of 17Schools and many companied support the activity, too. Palmers Green High School for girls , in north London, has made the day a necessary of careers education.Zarina Bart,15, from Palmers Green, went with her mother Gwen to her lawyer’s office on this year’sTake Our Daughters to Work Day. ―I learned how to fill in a legal aid form and I read details of a case. Then I went to see the actual trail,‖ she said.Zarina found it interesting to see her mother at work . ―It’s really strange seeing Mum at work-runningaround, getting serious and telling people what to do.‖ She has always liked this idea of going into law and thinks it likely that she will follow in her mother’s footsteps. Having a chance to see how her mother works has given hr more self-confidence.Experts believe that girls with higher self-confidence aim higher and are more likely to be successful in life. Parents have more important effert on the confidence of teenage girls. If parents believe in their daughter and show examples both at work as well as at home for them, this will give a lot of help to girls. Take Our Daughters to Work Day is surely a step in the right direction.The writer’s purpose in writing this text is to _________A introduce to us a special day for girlsB broaden girls’ view and raise their confidenceC show us that girls can do as well as boysD tell how the special day for girls came into beingTo swim the English channel takes at least nine hours. It’s hard work and it makes you short of breath. 12To fly over the channel takes only twenty minutes as long as you’re not held up at the airport, but it’s an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft(气垫船) if you don’t mind the noise and that takesforty minutes. Otherwise , you can go by boat, if you remember sea-sickness pills. All these means of transport (运输) have their problems, and the weary (厌烦的) traveler often dreams of being able to drive to France in his own car. ―Not possible, you say. Well, wait a minut e people are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.‖ This time , the great London Council(议会) is looking into the possibility of building a channel link straight to London. A bridge would cost far more a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas (然而) a tunnel would provide a rail link only.Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain realizing theneed for links with Europe as a result of joining EEC(欧共体)? Well, perhaps. The main reason , though, is that a tunnel or bridge wouldreach the twenty square kilometers of London’s discussed stimulate(刺激) trade and revitalise (使…..具有活力) the port, and would ,make London a main trading center in Europe. With a link over the channel, you could buy your fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they are still warm!The main idea of the passage is ______A how to develop the trade of LondonB crossing the Channel isdifficultC how to get to Europe more convenientlyD what to do in the development of traveling13 Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highwaycrashes(撞毁)Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 7 of 17a simple optical illusion. Bent strips, called cheverons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think thatthey are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for TrafficSafety in Washington D.C. is planning t o repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint cheverons and other patterns of strips on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role in as much a one fifth of allfatal(致命) traffic accidents,according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will carryits tests in areas where speed-related hazards(危险) are the greatest –curves(弯),exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars(水平障碍物)painted across roads can initially(最) cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as 初drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Cheverons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane(车道) appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.The passage mainly discusses ________.A a new way of highway speed controlB a new pattern for painting highwaysC a new way to training driversD a new type of optical illusionFarmer ED Rawlings smiles as he looks at his orange trees. The young oranges are growing well in 14Florida’s weather. Warm sunshine and gentle rains, along with ED Rawlings expert care, will produce a good crop of oranges this year.But ED has to fight against Florida’s changeable winter weather. In January and February,temperature can destroy ED’s entire orange crops. Having farmed in Florida for the past 35 years, Ed Rawlings is prepared for the frosts(). When temperatures drop below freezing, Ed tries to save his crop by watering his orange trees. The water freezes and forms a thin layer() of ice on the trees. Strange as it may sound, this thin layer of ice actually keep the fruit warm..What happens is simple. When the trees are watered, the water loses heat and becomes ice. The warmth of the heat it loses is sicked in by the fruit and keeps its temperature at a safe level.Ed Rawling has effectively used this method to save many orange crops.But Ed still faces some difficulties. The trees should be watered at the exact moment the temperature drops to the freezing point. Also, just the right quantity of water must be used. Too much water can form athick layer of ice that will break the trees branches. Anotherdifficulty is that wind blows away the heat. So Ed has to worry about not only when but also how often his trees should be watered, and how much water should be used.Computer technology may help Ed with some of these worries. With equipment, air and soil temperatures and wind speed can be measured. The information is fed into a computer which can tell when temperatures drop to freezing. The computer can correctly decide the quantity of water to be used and how嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 8 of 17frequently the trees should be watered. Ed will find looking after his orange trees a l ot easier with the help of a computer, and we’llall have the benefits(or advantages) of computerage oranges.The passage is mainly about_______.A a farmer’s expert care for his orange treesB the different uses of computersC growing oranges in Florid a’s changeable weatherD different wayof frost protection15 RALOALTO, California—―Switching off the television may help prevent children from gettingfatter—even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise,‖ US researchers sai d lastweek.A study of 192 third and forth grades, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watchingtelevision gained nearly two pounds (0.91kg) less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.―The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television view and not any other activity,‖ said Thomas Robison, a pediatrician() at Stanford University.In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies’ annual meeting () in SanFrancisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one third.Children watching fewer hours of television showed a pretty smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continued their took part in any extra exercise.―One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuckto the television may simply have been moving around more and burningoff calories,‖ Robinson said.―Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more,‖ Robison said.The author tried to tell us in the first two paragraphs that _____A children will get fatter if they eat too muchB Children will get thinner if they eat lessC children will get fatter if they spend less time watching TVD children will get fatter if they spend more time watching TV16 During the summer you should be even more careful than usual of the foods you prepare. Foods spoil faster in hot weather than in cold weather. When you are shopping , purchase frozen and refrigerated foods, don’t make long stops on your way home because frozen foods could become soft or warm. Using insulated(密封的) bags helps keep food cold until you arrive home. Mild or milk products should be refrigerated immediately. When camping or picnicking or at any time when refrigeration isn’t available, use special dry foods. Above all , if a food doesn’t seem to be normal in odor(气味) or appearance, discard (抛弃) itimmediately. Don’t taste it.What is the main idea of the passage?嘉兴英语网收集整理 Page 9 of 17A How to store frozen and refrigerated foodsB How to keep keep food from spoiling (变坏) during the summer?C How to select fresh food?D How to prepare summer food17 A new era(纪元) is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to be a basic change in the way we work. Already we are there now. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen。
03 阅读专项之主旨大意题-2024高考英语重点题型
wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded
a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing
portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social
influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women
主题句通常在首段
记人
主题句通常在末段
记事
主题句通常在首段或末段
主题句通常在首段或根据小标题来判断
议论文
主题句通常在首段或末段
文章大意题之学以致用
B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转 )and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——文章大意类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类A(2021·山东烟台一模)The paper, published in May by the Journal of Marketing Research, analysed purchases made from a single large European retailer and found that free shipping did encourage customers to buy more. But it also increased purchases of items that historically have higher return rates, such as clothing or products from lesser-known brands. Thus, returns also increased as a result of the promotions, to the point where profits were erased.In one part of the paper, during the typically four-week periods when free shipping was offered, online order volumes rose 11%. But when the cost of returns was compared with the sales proceeds(收入), the authors calculated that on balance the results for the promotion periods amounted to an average 0.7% loss.In one analysis that ran for two months, the researchers found that the return rate for customers who bought low-risk products—like office supplies, or products from well-known brands—averaged about 22%.In another analysis, the researchers attempted to better understand motivations of online shoppers by measuring their attitudes towards free shipping. They found two things were happening. First, consumers saw free shipping as compensation for taking a risk on a product. Second, feelings of gratitude for having shipping costs eliminated(消除) made them happy and thus more willing to make a risky purchase.Prof.Neslin advises companies to look at whether their own free-shipping promotions are profitable before they launch such campaigns. Also, he advises companies to identify which products get returned more often than others and try to provide customers with more information about those products, so they can make more informed choices.1.What erased the profits according to the first paragraph?A.The risky customers.B.The European retailer.C.The returned items.D.The lesser-known brands.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Consumers risked purchasing a product when free shipping came along with it.B.Free shipping encouraged customers to buy products from well-known brands.C.Online order volumes rose only when free shipping was offered as compensation.D.Purchases of office supplies also increased during the typically four-week periods.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Low-risk products.B.Return rates.C.Increased purchases.D.Free shipping.B(2021·湖北黄冈高三4月模拟)An advance in electronic publishing could make the e-book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to explore the growing success of e-books by releasing versions with added soundtracks(电影原声音乐) and musical accompaniments.The noise in the first multimedia books—released in Britain—include the rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. When the plot of a book reaches the most exciting part, background scores will create tension.Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for e-books and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noise will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading.Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said,“Young people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.”Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of sync(同步), a click on any word will reset it.Some authors fear that a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of Our Day, the best-seller now released as a film, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an e-book because I’m constantly distracted by emails.”Stuart MacBride sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said,“If I’m reading, I will do the noise in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what teacups clinking sounds like. That would irritate me.”4.What do publishers expect an e-book soundtrack to do?A.Help to release an e-book as a film.B.Help readers improve reading speed.C.Add tension at a book’s exciting point.D.Get readers familiar with the background.5.Who is in favour of added soundtracks for e-books?A.Sherlock Holmes.B.Caroline Michel.C.David Nicholls.D.Stuart MacBride.6.What do we know about Stuart MacBride?A.He was a person who was easy to get angry.B.He knew a great deal of tea.C.Eighty-two percent of his books described crime.D.He imagined sounds related to the story when reading.7.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.Opinions about e-books with soundtracks.B.Response to the need of the book market.C.Reasons for traditional e-books becoming outdated.D.Suggestions on encouraging readers’ imagination.C(2021·湖南长郡十五校高三联考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day of the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day was not.I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to attend the celebration. But just like everyone else in my class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loan was drawing closer.You know that feeling when you wake up in fear? That feeling became a constant in my life. Days felt like weeks, weeks like months. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.So what did I do to maintain my sanity(理智)? I decided to write. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough, sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I put my thoughts into a children’s book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview and was hired shortly.The moral of this story is... don’t give up. Even if things look bleak now, don’t give up. If you work hard, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to overcome difficulties.8.From paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably .A.was having an exciting graduationB.was getting into financial difficultiesC.missed the life in the universityD.had just applied for the student loan9.How did the author change the frustrating situation?A.By sending applications.B.By offering contracts.C.By keeping writing.D.By publishing books.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph?A.Unattractive.B.Hopeless.C.Thrilling.D.Promising.11.What is the passage mainly about?A.Success belongs to the persevering.B.A contented mind is a permanent feast.C.A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.D.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语复习阅读理解主旨大意题(50张)
consciousness of having a pleasant, effective voice of which he
does not need to be ashamed contributes materially to a feeling of
poise（泰然自若）, self-confidence, and a just pride in himself. A
2.Let us consider how voice training may contribute to personality
development and an improved social adjustment. In the first place,
it has been fairly well established that individuals tend to become
shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other.
“LAeDt.’otsosththeaelklEueus(rhsoaopnmedaesn)dsiofsnfheairtke”neschoemasnbedteistmwweehseenmretehvaeenrEstaahgsetryeagenmodaetnnhdte rWweaietchsht ed.
what they believe other people think them to be. When people
react more favorably toward us because our voices convey the
impression that we are friendly, competent, and interesting, there
高考英语阅读理解 主旨大意
主旨大意知识摘要一、高考阅读理解主旨大意类题目常见的设问方式1. The main idea/ key point of this passage is that ________.2. The passage is mainly about ________.3. The best title/ headline for this passage is ________.4. The topic/ subject discussed in this passage is ________.5. From the passage we can learn/ conclude that ________.6. The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with ________.7. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?8. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?考点梳理一、仔细审题，看好范围。
注意问题提问的是某一段还是全文的主旨要义。
正确选项的特点是：一般不出现细节信息；不含过于肯定或绝对的词语。
二、略读法迅速将全段或全文浏览一遍，尽量利用有关信息词确定主题句的位置。
比如for example, first等之前的句子中或在all in all, above all之后的句子中。
三、首尾定位法特别注意全文或所问段落的首句和尾句。
段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句；作者有意识得反复重复的观点通常是主旨；首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答通常就是主旨；同时还要注意那些提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。
2025届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题解题策略及真题练习+课件
标 题
归
段落大意题 纳
文章大意题
题
主旨大意题(段落大意、文章大意、标题归纳) 旨在考查考生对段落大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力 1.段落大意题 ① What does the author tell us in paragraph...? ② Which of the following can best summarize para....? ③ What is the...paragraph mainly about? 2.文章大意题 ① What’s the main idea/point of the passage? ② Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? ③ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage? 3.标题归纳题 ① Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ② What would be the best title for the passage?
...“I was deeply attracted by the techniques. You can see why this bowl is so highly-valued from the very smooth porcelain body, silky glaze(上 釉 )and special blue coloring, which were never reproduced in later dynasties,” McAteer, an auction specialist, said...
专题 阅读理解主旨大意题---2023年高考英语二轮复习专题
recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
2025届高考英语一轮复习主旨大意阅读题课件
（一）主要内容型
普及，流行，受欢迎，知名度，声望 Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
主旨大意题
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