高考英语语法填空及答案

高考英语语法填空及答案 Prepared on 22 November 2020

2018-2011历年高考语法填空真题

2018（一卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runnerslive three

years61(long) thannon-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long62(see)the benefit. Youmaydrink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running regularlycan't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be)more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authorsof the review also made a study published in 201466showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67(cause).

The best exercise is one tha t you enjoy and will otherwise…it's avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 69(energy).If you

are time poor,you need run for only half the time to getthe same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 70a try.

2018（二卷）Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped

nearly 125 percent over62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is63 (actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice

64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water65rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased66(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between

2005—when the government68 (start) a soil-testing program69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by million prevented the emission(排放) of million tons of carbon ’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens ＂offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.＂says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

2018（三卷）I’m not sure 61 is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）thatsuddenly appears out of ’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central ,I’m face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at 62 top of her makes her baby scream,and then a 400-pound male the 63 (loud)of noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chestand charges toward quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid 64 (look)directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).

My name is Mireya ’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apesand was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find 68 (they) to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature,the huge animal 69 (mean)me no was just saying:"I’m king of this forest,and here is your reminder!"Once hismessage was delivered,he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.

（一卷答案）

see \which

\running

（二卷答案）

61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve

65. than

66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that/which

70. feeding

（三卷答案）

61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged

66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay

1. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have

been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.

Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the

___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was

one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

3. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New York.

Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate).

She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68___________ engineering or architecture.

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69

___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when

I can't model my more."

4. （2016全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61____(attract).

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63_________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_________ I was the first Western TV reporter__66_______ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67______(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68____ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69______( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.

5. （2016全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of 61___ ____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 62 ________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 ___ (be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65_____ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 ______ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely

69_____ (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70_______ (make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

6. （2016全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43________ (create)special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47_____________-lived from roughly 551 to 479 ., influenced the 48________ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49___________ (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50____________ their hands.

7. （2015全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。

Yangshuo, China

It was raining lightly when I__61______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62_____, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_____ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_______(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66____________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo__67________(be) really beautiful. A study of

travelers_68_____________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one

of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69___________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70____________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

8. （2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 ______（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63______ (able) to “air condition” a h ouse without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ________( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 _______ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 _______________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 ___________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 __________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 _________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

9. （2014全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it

____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It too k years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit

card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately

While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us

the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up

a polluted river. Just be 70 _________ (patience)

10. （2014全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stoo d up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s

____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 50 ________(sudden) became friendly to one another.

11. 2014年广东卷

第二节语法填空（共10题；每小题分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。

Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 _____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_________(tell)that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19_____ for the week after. I didn’t underst and 20____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21______ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_____(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24________ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25_____(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.

12. 2014年辽宁卷

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jonny: Hey! I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me

Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult

Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.

Peter: OK. Don’t laugh 61 me. I may look funny.

Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and

62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your

balance and don’t let your body shake.

Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).

Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds.

Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.

Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master

borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68

(hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., 69 y ou don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep 70 .

13. 2013年广东卷

One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 16 _______(find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“Go to the vill age and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17

_____________too little.”

His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 ______not save a bit of money”

“That would be a ver y 19_______ (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.

Nick’s guests, 20 _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt

21____________ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 _________the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

“But such a small thing couldn’t 23________ (possible) destroy a village.”

“In the beginning, there was only 24 ______ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 _________(think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”

14. 2012年广东卷

第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。

Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16______ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17 __________ (buy) the school, And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.

For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18 _________ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19 ______________ last row.

20 ____________ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong. It might have made it a little 21 ___________( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22 _____________ made her feel like a star.

“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher 23 ______ a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24 _______________ the boy would do. Then he took 25 ___________ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool.”

15. 2011年广东卷

第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 ______ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 _______ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18___ (sit) at the front. He 19 _________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 __________(mental) disabled.

Behind him were other people to 21 _____________ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22_______ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23

________ his own either.

After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 _________ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.

I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25 ____________ of us feel good.

1.as

2.effects

3.to process

4.are removed

5.a

6.worse

7.is

8.eating

9.careful

10.which

passage 2

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2.from

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4.the

5.were used

6.fairly

7.it

8.managed

9.introduction

10.successful passage 3

1.resting

2.a

3.has been told/ was told

4.who

5.to prove

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7.invitations

8.in

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10.certainly

passage 4

1.attraction

2.was allowed

3.officially

4.to

5.when

6.permitted

7.introducing

8.its

9.days

10.the

1.greater

2.achievement

3.is

4.on

5.as

6.studies

7.regularly

8.a

9.to bring

10.make passage 6

1.and

2.be made

3.to create

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5.as/when

6.gradually

7.who

8.development

9.were

10.with passage 7

1.arrived

2.before/earlier

3.its

4.that/which

5.paintings

6.by

7.is

8.conducted

9.regularly

10.living passage 8

1.built

2.the

3.ability

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5.slowly

6.to cool

7.at

8.goes

9.natural

10.how

1.was

2.actually

3.the

4.or

5.to reduce

6.cleaner

7.that/which

8.amazing

9.changes

10.patient

passage 10

1.being

2.and

3.disappointed

4.to

5.caught

6.to stop

7.riding

8.Did

9.me/mine

10.suddenly passage 11

1.it

2.earlier

3.were told

4.but

5.why

6.for

7.surprisingly

8.the

9.where

10.sunburnt/ sunburned passage 12

1.at

2.softly

3.painful

4.holding

5.it

6.is called

7.as

8.harder

9.if

10.breath

1.found

2.nor

3.why

4.reasonable

5.who

6.at

7.for

8.possibly

9.a

10.thinking passage 14

1.wearing

2.had bought

3.pleased

4.the

5.if

6.harder

7.which

8.for

9.what

10.them passage 15

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2.until

3.sitting

4.pretended

5.mentally

6.whom

7.he

8.on

9.an

10.both