新初中英语语法知识—名词的解析
初中英语语法——名词
名词一、普通名词和专有名词1.普通名词普通名词是指非特定的人、事物或地点的名称或一个抽象概念的名称。
按意义可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。
按可数不可数可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
一般来说，个体名词和集体名词属于可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词。
Tips：有些抽象名词可数，如：an idea2.专有名词专有名词指特定的人、事物、机构、地点名称或月份、节假日等名称。
专有名词首字母要大写。
二、可数名词和不可数名词1.可数名词●可数名词指可以用数量表示的人、事物、地点或动物的名称；可数名词具有单数和复数形式，可以用数字等修饰a Chinese teacher 一个中文老师six Chinese teachers 六个中文老师单数可数名词是用来指一个人、一只动物、一个地点或一件事物的名词。
复数可数名词则指●复数名词的构成Tips：fish有两种复数形式：指鱼的数量，单数和复数同形（a fish一条鱼、three fish三条鱼、lots of fish许多鱼）；如果强调鱼的种类，复数加-es或用同形fish（different species of fishes/different species of fish不同种类的鱼）。
fish还可以是不可数名词，意思是鱼肉，无复数形式。
2.不可数名词不可数名词不可以用数量来表示，即不可以用数字等修饰；不可数名词都是单数名词，没有复数形式。
●一些常见的不可数名词money/tea/rice/rain/news/traffic/water/weather/work/advice/bread/butter/cheese/coffee/milk /knowledge/oil/snow/information/hair/bread3.名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式可数名词可以与动词单数形式或复数形式连用；不可数名词后面只能接动词单数形式。
新初中英语语法知识—名词的技巧及练习题附解析(1)
一、选择题1．I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A．sandwiches B．potatoes C．water D．bread2．I’m hungry. I want some _________.A．water B．bread C．toys D．homework3．Is it a picture_________ your school?A．of B．to C．and D．with4．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’sC．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’5．—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey.—Thank you.A．mind travelling B．minds travellingC．mind to travel D．minds to travel6．Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.A．Germen; Japanese B．Frenchmen; Japaneses C．Germans; Japanese 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days8．Good food and_______help her_______better.A．exercise; study B．exercise; studiesC．exercises; studying D．exercises; to study9．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikesC．are; the bike D．is; bikes10．—What can I do for you?—Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and .A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend.A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; themC．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow.A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．Thanks for the two _______________you gave（给）to me.A．tape player B．tapes players C．tape players D．taper players 14．—________ shows are getting more and more popular.—That's true. And many people are truly________.A．Talent; talent B．Talent; talented C．Talented; talented D．Talented; talent 15．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?—It’s about ________ drive.A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hoursC．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour16．—Let's ____________ some salad.—Sorry, I don't like ____________ .A．have; them B．to have; it C．have; it D．to have; them 17．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 18．Let’s wish the food festival .A．succeed B．success C．successful 19．—What're these_______English?—They are________.A．at; knifes B．in; knives C．in, knifes20．This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A．Bob B．Smith C．Bob Smith 21．Mary, please get some ________for me.A．orange B．pear C．tomato22．There are some ________and ________ on the table.A．potatoes; tea B．chicken; sweets C．tomatos; porks D．tomatos; milk 23．In fact, he didn’t explain the cause the accident us clearly.A．for; to B．of; to C．for; for D．of; for 24．—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A．twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B．twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC．twins'; Liz and Lillie's D．twin's; Liz and Lillie's25．The computer is _______________.A．Amy's and Lily's B．Amy and Lily C．Amy's and Lily D．Amy and Lily's 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【详解】句意：我饿了。
初中英语语法重点知识汇总
初中英语语法重点知识汇总英语语法是学习英语的重要一环，掌握好语法知识可以帮助我们正确地使用英语，提高英语的表达能力。
下面将对初中英语语法的重点知识进行汇总，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
一、名词（Noun）名词是指人、事物、地点等的名称。
根据不同的规则，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1. 可数名词（Countable Noun）：可数名词可以单独数出来，有单数和复数的区别。
如：book（书）- books（书们）。
2. 不可数名词（Uncountable Noun）：不可数名词表示无法单独数出来的东西，没有复数形式。
如：water（水）、rice（米饭）。
二、冠词（Article）冠词用于修饰名词的前面，分为定冠词和不定冠词。
1. 定冠词（Definite Article）：指特定的人或事物。
定冠词是“the”。
2. 不定冠词（Indefinite Article）：指泛指的人或事物。
不定冠词有两种形式，单数形式用“a”，复数形式用“some”。
三、形容词（Adjective）形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的词语，用来描述人或事物的特征、性质等。
形容词通常位于名词前面。
1. 形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
一般情况下，在形容词后面加“-er”构成比较级，加“-est”构成最高级。
2. 形容词的位置：形容词通常位于名词前面。
但部分形容词，如tall、old等，可以放在名词后面作定语。
四、动词（Verb）动词表示人或事物的动作、状态、存在等。
动词有时态和语态的变化。
1. 时态（Tense）：动词的时态分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
时态的变化可以通过动词的词形变化来表现，如动词的过去式、过去分词等。
2. 语态（Voice）：动词的语态有主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
五、副词（Adverb）副词是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词语。
新初中英语语法知识—名词的易错题汇编附答案解析
一、选择题1．— Is this room yours? —No, it's not__________.It's __________.A．mine; Lily's and Lucy's B．my; Lily and Lucy'sC．my; theirs D．mine; Sally's2．—Let’s make a banana milk shake.—How many ________ do we need?A．bananas B．cup of milk C．honey3．With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment.A．development; to protect B．developing; to protect C．development; protect D．develop; protect4．—What does your mother have for dinner？—A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．5．—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.A．a seven-day; off B．a seven-days; awayC．seven-day; over D．a seven-days’; off6．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?—He can join the ______ club.A．sport B．musicC．sports D．swimming7．Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A．boy students; woman teachers B．boy students; women teachersC．boys students; women teachers D．boys students; woman teachers 8．—What can I do for you?—Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and .A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken9．The computer is _______________.A．Amy's and Lily's B．Amy and Lily C．Amy's and Lily D．Amy and Lily's 10．I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A．sandwiches B．potatoes C．water D．bread11．I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color.A．Lucy's and Lily's B．Lucy and Lily's C．Lucy and Lily D．Lucy's and Lily 12．________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A．The number of; lost B．The number of; losing C．A number of; loseD．A number of; loss13．— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight.A．long; hour's B．far; hour's C．long; hours' D．far, hours' 14．That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A．desk; books B．desks; book C．desks; books D．desk, book15．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________ limited time.A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’16．I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.A．to visit, my B．visiting my C．to visit, mine D．visiting, my 17．Some bananas ______ in the bag. Some mutton ______ on the table.A．are; are B．is; is C．are; is D．is; are18．--What kind of noodles you like?--I’d l ike noodles．A．do；tomatoes B．would；tomato C．do；tomato D．would；tomatoes 19．As we know, China was the first country in the world________.A．make papers B．to make papers C．to make paper 20．These aren’t.They’re my brother’s.A．pen;mine B．pens;mineC．pen;my D．pens;my21．Is that your ________?A．a picture B．photos C．photoes D．picture 22．Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.A．conditions B．situations C．events D．positions 23．Mary, please get some ________for me.A．orange B．pear C．tomato24．There are some ________and ________ on the table.A．potatoes; tea B．chicken; sweets C．tomatos; porks D．tomatos; milk 25．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner?—I have some____________, And I like them very much.A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【详解】句意：——这是你的房间？——不，这不是我的房间，这是Sally的房间。
初中英语语法讲解——名词
初中英语语法讲解——名词一、定义名词是表示人或事物名称的词。
它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。
二、分类1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词如：john is a studentstudent是普通名词，john是专有名词普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3.专有名词专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。
三、名词的数1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词——可以数的名词不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridgefood?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式many+可数名词复数much/a little+不可数名词some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。
3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰不可数名词数词 +量词 +of + 名词对可数名词的数量提问用how many对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of ,plenty of 用等表示多少。
注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of,lots of ,most of 等。
如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。
初中英语知识点：名词
初中英语语法之名词概念：是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。
一、名词的分类二、名词的数：可数名词都有单数和复数之分；不可数名词没有复数形式。
▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如：box, child, orange；▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如：water(水), oil(油), population(人口), cake(蛋糕), paper(纸), thread(线), cloth(布),furniture(家具), coal(煤), news(新闻), advice(意见), information(信息), work(工作), meat(肉)1、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：1）一般情况加–s ：books，mouths，houses，girls等。
2）以s，sh，ch，x结尾的加–es：classes，boxes，matches等。
3）辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为ies：cities，countries，parties，factories等。
4）以o 结尾的词+es：heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes等。
以o 结尾+s：radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos等。
5）以f，fe 结尾的多数+es：leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves等。
直接+ s 的名词：roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs等。
注意：中学课本中以o结尾的名词构成复数时，加es的只有negro（黑人），hero（英雄），potato（土豆），tomato（西红杮），volcano（火山），这就是“两人两菜一火山”。
或：黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿。
Negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes.其余以o结尾的名词变复数时均加s。
初中英语语法名词-初三中考复习均可用附练习及详细讲解
1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。
例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。
（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。
（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。
（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。
可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。
可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。
不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。
2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。
例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。
例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。
例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。
例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。
初中英语语法知识—名词的解析(1)
13．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?
—It’s about ________ drive.
A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hours
C．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：提高你的阅读速度，否则你不能在100分钟的有限时间内完成英语阅读材料。
考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构和名词所有格。Increase动词原形；To increase动词不定式；Increasing现在分词。分析第一处可知，此处构成“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，所以使用动词原形。100 minutes’ 100分钟的，名词复数的所有格；a 100-minute一个100分钟的；100-minutes’错误的表达方式。分析第二处可知，此处用于句中作定语修饰其后的名词time，又因为time不可数，其前不能用不定冠词修饰。故选A。
A．sports; shoeB．sports; shoes
C．sport; shoeD．sport; shoes
6．—Why do you get up so early?
—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.
句意：Alan通常在11月去哈尔滨。他喜欢玩雪。
考查月份名词。根据“Harbin”及后句“He likes playing with snow.”他喜欢玩雪，可知应该是在北半球的冬天。May五月；July七月；September九月；November十一月。十一月是在北半球的冬天。故选D。
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一、选择题1．--What kind of noodles you like?--I’d like noodles．A．do；tomatoes B．would；tomato C．do；tomato D．would；tomatoes 2．People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest（丰收）on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day.A．Thanksgiving Day B．Christmas Day C．National Day3．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; anyC．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other4．—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.A．a seven-day; off B．a seven-days; awayC．seven-day; over D．a seven-days’; off5．Look, this is________ bedroom.A．my father and mother’s B．my father’s and mother’sC．my father’s and mother D．my father and mother6．There________some water in the bottle.A．is B．am C．are D．be7．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A．is having B．are having C．have D．has8．—What is your _______, Lingling?—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.A．interests; interesting B．interests; interestC．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest9．—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car?—Yes. It’s said that_________is enough.A．two hours drive B．two-hours driveC．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive10．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend.A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; themC．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them11．Thanks for the two _______________you gave（给）to me.A．tape player B．tapes players C．tape players D．taper players 12．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoesC．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________ limited time.A．Increase; 100 m inutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．—________ shows are getting more and more popular.—That's true. And many people are truly________.A．Talent; talent B．Talent; talented C．Talented; talented D．Talented; talent 15．—Do you like apples?—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.A．tomatos B．tomatoes C．tomato D．banana 16．(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A．children B．children's C．child D．child's 17．Animals are our ________, and we should be ________ to them.A．friend; friendly B．friends; friendly C．friendly; friends D．friendly; friend 18．—What're these_______English?—They are________.A．at; knifes B．in; knives C．in, knifes19．This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A．Bob B．Smith C．Bob Smith20．Mary, please get some ________for me.A．orange B．pear C．tomato21．That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A．desk; books B．desks; book C．desks; books D．desk, book 22．—How many________ doctors are there in your hospital?—________ them________ over one hundredA．woman; The number of; is B．women; The number of; is C．women; A number of; are23．—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride.A．fifteen minute’s B．fifteen minutesC．fifteen minutes’D．fifteen-minutes24．—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A．twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B．twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC．twins'; Liz and Lillie's D．twin's; Liz and Lillie's25．It's about ten __________ walk from here.A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】句意：-------你想要什么样的面条？-------我想要西红柿面。
would like意思为“想要”，后跟名词或动词不定式，表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。
根据答语可知，第一个空应填would；可数名词作定语修饰noodles时，常用单数形式，tomato noodles西红柿面，故答案为B。
点睛：名词作定语通常说明被修饰词的作用，类别，材料，时间等，通常由单数名词或不可数名词作定语。
如：an English book; a gold watch; a paper flower; evening news; beef noodles; apple treesman, woman用于名词前作定语时，其单复数形式与所修饰的名词的单复数形式一致。
如 a woman writer / some women writers(女作家)。
注意： boy 和 girl用作定语时，总是用单数形式。
如 boy (girl) friends 男(女)朋友。
2．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：西方国家的人们会在感恩节聚在一起吃火鸡，庆祝丰收，就像我们的中秋节一样。
考查节日。
Thanksgiving Day感恩节； Christmas Day圣诞节；National Day国庆节。
根据文中“People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest”可知，这里是说“感恩节”。
根据题意，故选A。
3．C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何一个城市都大。
考查名词的数和不定代词辨析题。
one of the biggest+复数名词，表示“最大的……之一”，city是单数名词，可排除。