大学综合教程英语2听力原文

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全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2

全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2

Unit2 Express Yourself!Listening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-2-1A: The woman in the red coat is smiling and the woman in the blue jeans beside her is laughing. Why are they so happy?B: Maybe they’re going to the movies and they are excited.Audio Track 2-2-2/Audio Track 2-2-31.Angie: Okay, what’s the next test question?Marc: The next question is ... What’s the capital of Greenland?Angie: (yawning ) ... It’s ...Marc: Angie!Angie: What?Marc: Stop yawning. This is serious!Angie: I’m sorry. I’m listening.2.Pablo: So, my plane leaves at 8: 00, and ... hey Carolyn, are you crying?Carolyn: No, not really.Pablo: Yes, you are! What’s wrong?Carolyn: Well, it’s summer vacation and you’re going away.Pablo: Come on now. Don’t cry. It’s only for three months.Carolyn: Okay. But write to me. I’ll miss you.3.Vickie: Tony, what’re you doing?Tony: I’m planning our trip to Las Vegas. Ugh! I can’t find a hotel room.Vickie: So we can’t visit Las Vegas?Tony: No, we can’t. Hey Vickie, why are you smiling?Vickie: I don’t really want to go to Vegas, Tony. I’m glad. Now we can visit London instead!Audio Track 2-2-4/Audio Track 2-2-51.Man: Where are you running to, Paula?Woman: I have Connie’s wallet. I need to give it to her.Man: Come on. I’ll help you.Woman: I don’t see Connie anywhere.Man: Look! She’s over there. Standing at the bus stop.Woman: Oh yeah, I see her. Connie! Connie!Man: She doesn’t see us.Woman: You’re right. It’s too noisy, and she’s talking to someone.2.Man: Well, here we are. This is my mom’s house.Woman: It’s beautiful.Man: Hey, Jen. Are you okay?Woman: I’m just a little nervous. It’s my first time meeting your mother.Man: Come on. Don’t worry. Here she is now.Woman 2: Hi, Tim!Man: Hi, Mom. I’d like you to meet Jen.Woman 2: Hi, Jen. It’s very nice to meet you.Woman: It’s nice to meet you, too. Mrs. Harris.3.Man: Hey, Anne. Where are you going?Woman: I’m going to the library to study.Man: For what? It’s only 7:00 a.m.!Woman: My final exams. They’re next week.Man: Wow, well, good luck!Woman: Thanks!4.Woman: Bill, it’s late. Where’s the theater?Man: Hmmm ... I think it’s near here.Woman: Are you sure? What street is this?Man: Uhm ... I don’t know.Woman: Where’s the map? I want to check.Audio Track 2-2-6/Audio Track 2-2-7Paula: So, Jane, what are you doing these days?Jane: I’m working in an office. And I’m studying computer science in the evening.Paula: You’re really busy!Jane: That’s for sure! And in my free time, I’m learning Spanish for my vacation. I’m planning a trip to Mexico next year.Paula: What about your brothers? How are they doing?Jane: They’re doing great! Alex is helping our father in his business, and Adam is going to Pacific University.Paula: How nice!Jane: Paula, how about you? How are you doing these days?Paula: I’m doing great, too. I’m working on a project about community safety.Jane: Community safety?Paula: Yeah. We’re planning a campaign against theft, fire, AIDS and drugs in our community. Jane: Oh, that sounds interesting!Paula: Yes, indeed it is interesting. And it is very important to the community.Audio Track 2-2-8/Audio Track 2-2-10Know before you go!BangladeshPeople greet their friends by shaking hands softly and then putting their hands over their heart. People in Bangladesh don’t use many gestures. Waving at people and winking are very rude. Don’t touch people on the head. Don’t point with your foot —Bangladeshi people think feet are very dirty.IndonesiaIndonesians greet people with a long handshake, and they bow at the same time. At a meeting, give every person your business card, but use your right hand —using your left hand is very rude.Audio Track 2-2-9/Audio Track 2-2-10ThailandIn Thailand, the traditional greeting is called wai—people put their hands together and bow. Men and women don’t often touch each other in public. Thai people don’t use their hands for gestures, but they love to smile a lot. They sometimes laugh when they feel nervous or embarrassed.The United Arab EmiratesPeople in the United Arab Emirates have some special gestures. When two men meet, they shake hands. Sometimes old men touch noses together. Women kiss their friends on the cheek. If a man meets a woman, he doesn’t shake hands with her. He just smiles. When you give your friend something, give it to him with your right hand. Don’t use your left hand. And don’t point at people with your finger. Use your hand to gesture towards them.Audio Track 2-2-11/Audio Track 2-2-12In Brazil, men often shake hands when they meet for the first time. When women meet, they kiss each other on the cheek. Women also kiss male friends to say hello. When you shake hands, look at the person in the eyes. This shows interest and friendliness.In New Zealand, usually, both men and women shake hands when they meet someone for the first time. If you see two people pressing their noses together, they are probably Maori. The Maori are the native people of New Zealand. This is their traditional greeting.In Japan, when people meet for the first time, they usually bow. In business, people also shake hands. In formal situation, people often exchange business cards. When you give a business card, give it with two hands. This is polite. Special note: In Japan, when people smile it can have different meanings. It usually means that the person is happy, or that the person thinks something is funny. But it can also mean that the person is embarrassed.Audio Track 2-2-131. The man is laughing. The man’s laughing.2. The bus is coming. The bus’s coming.3. Why is she frowning? Why’s she frowing?Audio Track 2-2-141. Tina’s studying in the library.2. My sister’s nervous. She is studying for a test.3. When is your class?4. Cintra’s dad is talking on the phone.5. How’s your family doing?6. Toshi’s car is not working.Audio Track 2-2-15Jim: Hi, Katy.Katy: Hey, Jim. How’s it going?Jim: Great! How’re you doing?Katy: I’m stressed.Jim: Yeah? What’s wrong?Katy: Oh, I have an important test tomorrow.Jim: Well, why aren’t you studying?Katy: I’m kind of tired.Jim: Come on. Let’s have a cup of coffee. Then you can study.Katy: Okay, sounds good!Audio Track 2-2-16A: Hi, Mike.B: Hi, Jim. How are you doing?A: Not so good. Actually I’m a bit angry.B: Yeah? What’s wrong?A: Oh, I’m going to see a football game tonight with my friend Dan, but he’s late. B: Why not give him a call right now?A: I did, but his mobile is out of service and I couldn’t reach him.B: Calm down. When will the game start?A: It starts in 20 minutes! There’s not much time left to get there.B: Don’t worry. Just take a taxi to the game. Maybe Dan is there already.A: Yeah, I guess that’s the best thing to do!Audio Track 2-2-17A: Hi, Ben.B: Hi, Lisa, How are you getting along? You look unhappy today.A: It’s nothing really. It’s just ... about my trip to Boston.B: You’re going on a trip to Boston? Sounds nice. Why are you so glum?A: Well I hate flying. That’s what is bothering me. Just thinking of airplane crashes makes me scared.B: Come on, Lisa. Airplanes are safe.A: Perhaps, but I’m still afraid.B: OK. I understand. Let me see ... I have a suggestion! Want to hear it?A: Go ahead.B: Why don’t you rent a car and drive to Boston?A: That’s a great idea!B: Yeah, and perhaps I could come with you! I have friends in Boston, and I could visit them, too. A: Sounds good.Audio Track 2-2-18A: Hi, Mike! It’s great to see you again! How’s it going?B: I’m fine. Thanks. How are you doing?A: Fine! Where are you living now?B: I’m living in Boston, attending Harvard University.A: Wow, so you’re still at university.B: Yeah, I’m doing my PhD. It’s taking ages to finish and it’s pretty stressful. How about you? A: Well, I’m a sales manager at an American company. It’s pretty exciting.B: I wish I were working already. I’m sick of studying.Video CourseVideo Track 2-2-1Dave: I get stressed very often because of school.Natalie: Sometimes at the office I get stressed, and when I do, I take a break and go for a walk. Dayanne: One of the things that really makes me happy is going to the beach.Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. WhenI’m angry, I like to be alone, I don’t like to be around other people.Agnes: I don’t like to be angry or stressed, because when I am, I eat all the time, and when I’m angry, I yell at everybody.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-2Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. When I’m angry, I like to be alone. I don’t like to be around other people.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw theFrisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-3Dennis: We have a special way of greeting our elders in the Philippines by taking their hand and kind of kissing it like this. And it’s called mano.Dayanne: In Brazil when you greet a friend you give them a big hug and sometimes you give them a kiss on the cheek and in some places you give two kisses and in some places three kisses. Miyuki: Bowing is a very polite gesture in Japan, but I often shock people when I stick my hands out to shake their hands because it’s not very common.Agnes: When you greet somebody in Senegal you shake hands for a long time or you can hug, too, and ask about him, and his family, and his friends, and it takes a while.Video Track 2-2-4Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doing?Claudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan.Tara: Your trip to Japan? When?Claudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why? There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else? Oh, remember —always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural!Takeshi: And remember —never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: Really?Takeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: What?Takeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like this?Takeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!Video Track 2-2-5Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doing?Claudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan.Tara: Your trip to Japan? When?Claudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Video Track 2-2-6Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why? There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Video Track 2-2-7Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else? Oh, remember —always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural!Takeshi: And remember —never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: Really?Takeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: What?Takeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like this?Takeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit1)

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit1)

Unit IⅣ. Class PresentationListening & SpeakingThe Language for Asking For and Giving Clarification1. Directions: You are going to listen to an instructor talking about asking for andgiving clarification. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with themissing words.Instructor: In our daily conversations, we can not help asking for clarification (澄清,说明) when we are not clear about what has been said, or have becomepuzzled about a particular point mentioned earlier. A conversation is aform of two-way interaction. During interaction, misunderstanding canlead to a breakdown in communication. To avoid misunderstanding oreven confusion, we tend to have an impulse (冲动) to ask forclarification.This is especially true when a Chinese learner of English talks witha native speaker. This skill can help him or her avoid embarrassmentcaused by misunderstanding, and keep the conversation going on.You can develop the skill by reading and familiarizing yourselves with the language for asking for and giving clarification:—I’m sorry, I don’t quite understand what you mean by market economy.—I’m sorry, could you (possibly) explain what you mean by globalization?—I don’t understand what you mean by black lie.—What (exactly) do you mean by sick humor?And the language for giving clarification:—(Well,) what I’m trying to say is (that) + SENTENCE.—(Well,) the point I’m trying to make is (that) + SENTENCE.—(Well,) I think what I mean is (that) + SENTENCE.—What I mean is (that) + SENTENCE.—What I’m saying is (that) + SENTENCE.—All I’m trying to say is (that) + SENTENCE.2. Now come up with a particular subject on which you voice your opinion or attitude, and expect others to ask for clarification about something that might be unclear to them. Try to use the language you have just learned in Exercise 1. Asking For and Giving Clarification1) Directions: Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following wordsand expressions which may be new to you.available 有空的innocent 无害的fib 小谎Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Wang Ying: Are you going to the party tonight, Tom? They told me it was going to be fun.Tom Chang: I know, but I don’t think I’m available tonight. Are you?Wang Ying: Well…it depends.Tom Chang: I’ll tell them a little white lie.Wang Ying: Tell them what? What’s that?Tom Chang: I said: “I will tell them a little white lie.”Wang Ying: I don’t understand what you mean by white lie.Tom Chang: Oh, it is an innocent social fib or excuse.Wang Ying: Oh, I’ve got it now!Tom Chang: Sometimes we have to do it in our daily lives.Wang Ying: So what’s your little white lie?Tom Chang: Well, what would you say?Now listen to the conversation and answer the following questions1. Who won’t be able to attend the party tonight?Tom Chang.2. Is Wang Ying going to the party?It depends.3. What will Tom Chang tell them?He’ll tell them a little white lie.4. What is a white lie according to Rom Chang?It’s an innocent social fib or excuse.35. What’s their little white lie?Not mentioned.2) Directions: Before you listen to the second conversation, read the following wordwhich may be new to you.hearing problems 听觉疾病hearing aid 助听器device 装置will 遗嘱Listen to the following conversation twice, and then complete the passage according to the conversation you have just heard.There was an elderly gentleman who had had serious hearing problems for years. He went to the doctor who was able to have him fitted for a set of hearing aids that allowed the man to hear 100%.The old fellow went back in a month to the doctor and the doctor said, “Your hearing is perfect. Your family must be really pleased that you can hear again.”To this the gentleman replied, “Oh, I haven’t told my family yet. I just sit around and listen to conversations. I’ve changed my will three times!”Now listen to the conversation again, and complete the form as the speaker recounts it. After that, act it out in class.Doctor: What brought you here?Gentleman: What did you say? Would you speak louder please?Doctor: What is bothering you today? Do you have any pain?Gentleman: No. I’ve been having serious hearing problems for years. I can’t hear people well. That’s why I’m here.Doctor: I suggest you wear a hearing aid.Gentleman: What do you mean by hearing aid? What’s that?Doctor: It’s a device that allows you to hear 100%.One month later the elderly gentleman comes to see the doctor again. Doctor: Good. Your hearing is perfect. Your family must be pleased that you can hear again.Gentleman: Oh, I haven’t told my family yet. I just sit around and listen to the conversations.Doctor: Why?Gentleman: You know what? I’ve changed my will three times!4. Try to figure out something that may elicit ( 引出) questions, write it down onthe chalkboard and expect others to ask for its clarification. Get ready to clarify.In your conversations, try to use the language you learned in Exercise 1.5. Directions: Listen to the following people speaking and decide what they aretalking about.1. M: This room is so crowded. I can hardly hear or see a thing.W: I don’t understand why they didn’t have this lecture in a bigger room, do you?Q: Who are they talking about?a. A lecture.b. A room.c. An instructor.d. A movie2. M: How are we going to get home? It’s so late the buses and subways have allstopped running.W: It looks as though we have no choice but to call a taxi.Q: What are they talking about?a. How to get home.b. Why the buses stopped running.c. When a taxi will come.d. Where to spend the night.3. W: Jack, have you finished your research paper for economies?M: Not yet, I always seem to put things off until the last minute.Q: What are they talking about?a. A scientific experiment.b. A college course.c. A time schedule.d. A research paper.4. W: Tim missed the deadline for the assignment again.M: He’s got to adjust his study habits in order to survive the university.Q: What are they talking about?a. Tim’s excellent performance.b. Tim’s assignment.c. Tim’s study habit.d. Tim’s graduation day.5. W: Watching the news on TV is a good way to learn English.M: It’s especially helpful when you check out the same information in the newspaper.Q: What are they talking about?a. How to learn English.b. How to get informed.c. How to compare TV and newspaper.d. How to get a job.6. Directions: Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose theappropriate answers.1. W: I can’t get through to this number.M: You must first dial 1.Q: What can we learn from this conversation?A) The post office is closed.B) A department store is having a sale.C) They are discussing a math contest.D) The woman is making a telephone call.2. W: Are there any dogs around?M: No, they’re not allowed in this community.Q: What does the man mean?A) No dogs are allowed in the area.B) Unfortunately, they don’t have any dogs.C) It’s good to have a dog around the house.D) The law is too complicated to understand.3. M: This one is much cheaper.W: But it may not last as long.Q: What does the woman imply?A) This is the last one. B) The longer style is better.C) It might not be of good quality.D) You should buy cheaper things.4. M: Did you ever get in touch with your friend?W: No, when I called, all I got was a recorded message.Q: What did the woman do?A) She arranged to meet her friend later.B) She fixed her friend’s tape recorder.C) She tried to telephone her friend.D) She went to her friend’s house.5. W: Is it possible to see the apartment before we rent it?M: Sure, it’s vacant.Q: What does the man mean?A) It’s a beautiful place. B) No one lives there now.C) You can see it after your vacation.D) You had better make an appointment.7. Directions: Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decidewhether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to thestory you have heard.blonde 金发碧眼的白种女人gallon 加仑(液量单位)bathtub 浴缸pasteurize Pasteur 用巴氏法消毒chest 胸腔A blonde heard that milk baths make you beautiful. So she left a note for her milkman to leave 15 gallons of milk.When the milkman read the note, he felt there must be a mistake. He thought she probably meant 1.5 gallons, so he knocked on the door to clarify the point.The blonde came to the door and the milkman said, “I found your note to leave 15 gallons of milk. Did you mean 15 gallons or 1.5 gallons?”The blonde said, “I want 15 gallons. I’m going to fill my bathtub with milk and take a milk bath.”The milkman asked, “Pasteurized?”The blonde said, “No, just up to my chest.”F 1. The blonde was beautiful because she took a milk bath every day.T 2. A bath took 15 gallons of milk.T 3. The milkman doubted that the blonde could drink 15 gallons of milk.F 4. The blonde corrected her mistake.F 5. The blonde said that it would be wonderful if the milk was pasteurized.8. Directions: Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missingwords. The talk is given twice.Two doctors were in a hospital hallway one day complaining about Nurse Nancy. “She’s incredibly mixed-up (糊涂),”said one doctor. “She does everything absolutely backwards (背道而驰). Just last week, I told her to give a patient 2 milligrams (毫克) of morphine (吗啡) every 10 hours. She gave him 10 milligrams every 2 hours. He damn near (几乎) died on (因为) us!”The second doctor said, “That’s nothing. Earlier this week, I told her to givea patient an enema (灌肠剂) every 24 hours. She tried to give him 24 enemas inone hour! The guy damn near exploded!”Suddenly, they heard a blood-curdling scream (令人毛骨悚然的尖叫声) from down the hall..“Oh my God!”said the first doctor, “I just realize I told Nurse Nancy to prick (刺) Mr. Smith’s boil (疖子)!”9. Directions: Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questionsorally.1. What were the two doctors talking about?They were talking about Nurse Nancy.2. Why did they say that Nurse Nancy was so mixed up?Because she did everything absolutely backwards.3. Can you give any examples to prove this?①One doctor told her to give a patient 2 milligrams of morphineevery 10 hours. She gave him 10 milligrams every 2 hours.②The other doctor told her to give a patient an enema every 24 hours.She tried to give him 24 enemas in one hour.4. What did they hear all of a sudden while talking?They heard a blood-curdling scream from down the hall.5. What was Nurse Nancy most probably doing then.She was prinking a patient’s boil.10. Directions: Have a discussion on the topic given below.Life would be meaningless without misunderstandings.。

综合教程(第二版)Unit 1- Unit 6 课前听力原文

综合教程(第二版)Unit 1- Unit 6 课前听力原文

Unit 1 College LifeListen and RespondI am now a fourth-year student at college, but I can never forget my freshman year here. In general, it is a time filled with anticipation, some anxiety, and wonderful discoveries.College is a lot different from high school. Your freshman experience will definitely make an impression on you. So, what can you expect as you head off into the wonderful world of higher education?The first thing you'll notice is the workload. It will be heavier than you ever experienced before. The major challenges of college work are the large amount of reading and writing, and the short deadlines. A related effect that can be brought on by the workload is doubt, frustration, and possibly loneliness. You'll be away from the comforts and friendships your home provided for you over the previous years.During the freshman year, you'll be making a lot of new friends. But you should continue to be yourself. Select your friends with the same care and patience you have always shown. Believe it or not, your college friendships will be among the most satisfying and long-term of your life. It's always exciting to discover how wonderfully diverse college relationships can be.You'll also be on your own —you'll be your own boss 24 hours a day, so to speak. But, remember, with freedom comes responsibility. You should always remember that you are at college with an anticipated mission. Don't waste your time on meaningless things.During the freshman year, you may even start thinking about your future. Maybe a certain professor is especially inspiring. Perhaps your school has some great research going on. If some area of study attracts you, find out all you can about it. It might be the beginning of your lifetime career. Going to college is not just to get a degree —it is to find out who you really are and what you are really made for.Unit 2 Learning a LanguageHello, I’m Alberto. I’m a student of English, French, Portuguese and Italian. I would also love to learn Chinese and German in the near future. My mother tongue is Spanish and I have a degree in Political Science. I love to learn new languages, because I think it broadens my mind. Even though I still have some difficulty with verb tenses, I’m confident that with time and practice I’ll c ope with them.I believe learning a new language besides your mother tongue can be useful, especially in a world where distances are shortened and people from different countries communicate with each other more frequently.Learning a new language can be a good experience, but only if you keep in mind that nothing is obtained without some effort. In my opinion, the best way to learn a language is to read a lot. It doesn’t matter what you read, but that you do it. Even if you don’t understand everything, your reading comprehension skill will improve remarkably. Also, if possible, watch a lot of television inthat language, or listen to CDs. Maybe at first you won’t understand a word, but later you’d catch on to the rhythm of the language.Good dictionaries are necessary, and books regarding vocabulary can be a plus. The Internet is also a useful tool.The language you choose to learn might seem a little difficult at first, or even totally strange, but you’ll get accustomed to it. Remember that the learn ing process is long, and that it never ends. However, it is also highly enjoyable.Unit 2 A Parents and TeenagersTeenagers and adults have a difficult time communicating. Teenagers often think adults don't understand them. Adults often think teenagers just don't listen to anything they say. That creates conflict. People very often use "generation gap" to explain the conflict between parents and children. However, the problem of communication between parents and teenagers does not all lie in the "generation gap." It lies mostly in implied statements that are not fully communicated between a teenage child and a parent. Here is one example. Mother says: "Please take out the trash." The teenager replies: "OK." However, one hour later the mother finds the trash is still in the kitchen and so becomes a bit unhappy. "I thought I asked you to take out the trash." But the child replies: "You didn't say I had to do it now." Are you familiar with this kind of conversation? In this conversation the mother feels that the teenager should know what she means, but the teenager just doesn't. This type of conversation takes place around our home every day. They cause some unhappiness but are totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. It is when this type of "lack of communication" gets involved with the bigger issues of teenagers that larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to solve these larger problems and it takes the efforts of both parents and teenagers to overcome such problems.Unit 3 The Birthday HeartOne day I was helping my mom preparing a picnic when my sisters arrived. They said, “Happy birthday, Mom!” and gave her some presents.I was sad. I had forgotten it was my mother’s birthday, but I didn’t want her to know that I had not remembered her birthday. I had one dollar in my piggy bank. With that I was sure that I could get a present that would show my mother how much I loved her.I went to the store. When I looked around, I suddenly realized that my dollar wouldn’t buy as much as I had thought it would. Then I saw a heart made of plastic. It contained typewriter correction paper. I knew that it would show my mother how much I loved her. It was ninety-nine cents.I took the heart to the cashier and gave her my dollar. She said that I didn’t have enough money because with tax the heart cost more than a dollar.I didn’t understand sales tax. All I understood was that I couldn’t give the heart to my mom. I went to put the heart back and the cashier asked me if it was my mom’s birthday. I nodded. Then she said that she could help me. She put some of her own pennies in the cash register with my dollar andgave me the heart in a bag.When my mother opened the bag and pulled out the heart, she exclaimed “What a beautiful present.” “It’s just what I need.” She put me on her lap and told me that she loved the heart and she loved me.I don’t remember many of the gifts that I have given my mother, but I will always remember the heart that I gave her on that birthday.Unit 4 Growing UpTeenagers and adults have a difficult time communicating. Teenagers often think adults don’t understand them. Adults often think teenagers just don’t listen to anything they say. That creates conflict. People very often use “generation gap”to explain the conflict between parents and children. However, the problem of communication between parents and teenagers does not all lie in the “generation gap”. It lies mostly in implied statements that are not fully communicated between a teenage child and a parent. Here is one example. Mother says: “Please take out the trash.”The teenager replies: “OK.”However, one hour later the mother finds the trash is still in the kitchen and so becomes a bit unhappy. “I thought I asked you to take out the trash.”But the child replies: “You didn’t say I had to do it now.”Are you familiar with this kind of conversation? In this conversation the mother feels that the teenager should know what she means, but the teenager just doesn’t. This type of conversation takes place around our home every day. They cause some unhappiness but are totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. It is when this type of “lack of communication”gets involved with the bigger issues of teenagers that larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to solve these larger problems and it takes the efforts of both parents and teenagers to overcome such problems.Unit 4 Knowing YourselfWhat is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us?First of all, let us take a look at what personality means. In general, when psychologists talk about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others. However, different psychologists have different ways of explaining what personality is. They often use tests to put people into categories and compare them. For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts. "Introverts" is spelt I-N-T-R-O-V-E-R-T-S. Others who enjoy going out and spending time with other people are called extroverts,E-X-T-R-O-V-E-R-T-S. Do you know which personality type you are? Are you an introvert or an extrovert?Second, how can knowledge about personality help us? Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better. This will help to make our relationship with them stronger. For instance, if we know that someone isan introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people. We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others.Another way knowledge about personality can help us is when we want to improve ourselves. If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they become good. In this way, we can make ourselves a better person.So, after listening to this short passage about personality, do you want to find out more about yourself?Unit 6 Civility and Good MannersXiao Wang: People are so impolite these days!Xiao Chen: What’s the matter, Xiao Wang?Xiao Wang: Well, you see, this morning I was sitting in the back of the bus, alone, by myself. A friend called so I talked on my mobile phone to him for a while.Xiao Chen:Yes? What happened?Xiao Wang:Well, two people kept giving me dirty looks. You know, this is not the first time. It happened before. And when I got off the bus, one of them told me to stop using mymobile phone. He said I had talked too loudly about private matters and he had notthe least interest in knowing about them. I just don’t understand these people. What’swrong with them?Xiao Chen: I see. Actually similar things have happened to me many times, too. I must say there’re rude people everywhere these days. Like, the other day, I was sitting in thepark, smoking a cigarette. I was just sitting there, you know, enjoying the niceweather, looking at the birds, listening to music, and smoking.Xiao Wang:Yeah, what happened then?Xiao Chen: Well, when I finished my cigarette, I did what I always do when I smoke in the park. I put the cigarette butt on the sidewalk and crushed it with my shoe.Xiao Wang:Right. That’s what I usually do and there’s nothing wrong with it. This way it won’t be a danger to anyone.Xiao Chen: Well, this guy walking by saw me putting out my cigarette and told me that it was not very nice. He said it was bad for the environment. I just don’t get it. How can it bebad for the environment? Why are people so impolite?Xiao Wang:Well, well, I must say there are certainly rude people everywhere!。

新标准大学英语综合教程2原文

新标准大学英语综合教程2原文

新标准大学英语综合教程2原文UNIT1College just isn't special any more1 "If you can remember anything about the 1960s, you weren't really there," so the saying goes. It may be true for those who spent their college years in a haze of marijuana smoke. But there is one thing everyone remembers about the 1960s: Going to college was the most exciting and stimulating experience of your life.2 In the 1960s, California's colleges and universities had transformed the state into the world's seventh largest economy. However, Berkeley, the University of California's main campus, was also well-known for its student demonstrations and strikes, and its atmosphere of political radicalism. When Ronald Reagan ran for office as governor of California in 1966, he asked if Californians would allow "a great university to be brought to its knees by a noisy, dissident minority". The liberals replied that it was the ability to tolerate noisy, dissident minorities which made universities great.3 On university campuses in Europe, mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students, with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. Much of the protest was about the Vietnam War. But in France, the students of the Sorbonnein Paris managed to form an alliance with the trade unions and to launch a general strike, which ultimately brought about the resignation of President de Gaulle.4 It wasn't just the activism that characterized student life in the 1960s. Everywhere, going to college meant your first taste of real freedom, of late nights in the dorm or in the Junior Common Room, discussing the meaning of life. You used to have to go to college to read your first forbidden book, see your first indie film, or find someone who shared your passion for Jimi Hendrix or Lenny Bruce. It was a moment of unimaginable freedom, the most liberating in your life.5 But where's the passion today? What's the matter with college? These days political, social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college, but in spite of it. Of course, it's true that higher education is still important. For example, in the UK, Prime Minister Blair was close to achieving his aim of getting 50 per cent of all under thirties into college by 2010 (even though a cynic would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics). Yet college education is no longer a topic of great national importance. Today, college is seen as a kind of small town fromwhich people are keen to escape. Some people drop out, but the most apathetic stay the course because it's too much effort to leave.6 Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious. The British Council has recently done research into the factors which help international students decide where to study. In descending order these are: quality of courses, employability prospects, affordability, personal security issues, lifestyle, and accessibility. College has become a means to an end, an opportunity to increase one's chances on the employment market, and not an end in itself, which gives you the chance to imagine, just for a short while, that you can change the world.7 The gap between childhood and college has shrunk, and so has the gap between college and the real world. One of the reasons may be financial. In an uncertain world, many children rely on their parents' support much longer than they used to. Students leaving university in the 21st century simply cannot afford to set up their own home because it's too expensive. Another possible reason is the communications revolution. Gone are the days when a son or daughter rang home once or twice a term. Today students are umbilically linked to their parents by their cell phones. And as for finding like-minded friends to share a passion for obscure literature or music, well, we have the Internet and chat rooms to help us do that.8 "Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive,9 But to be young was very heaven!"10 Wordsworth may have written these lines about the French Revolution, but theywere also true for the students of the 1960s. So why aren't they true for thestudents of today?UNIT2How empathy unfolds1 The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bear for his crying friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrieved Paul's security blanket for him. Both these small acts of sympathy and caring were observed by mothers trained to record such incidents of empathy in action. The results of the study suggestthat the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying—a response some see as the earliest precursor of empathy.2 Developmental psychologists have found that infants feel sympathetic distress even before they fully realize that they exist apart from other people. Even a few months after birth, infants react to a disturbance in those around them as though it were their own, crying when they see another child's tears. By one year or so, they start to realize the misery is not their own but someone else's, though they still seem confused over what to do about it. In research by Martin L. Hoffman at New York University, for example, a one-year-old brought his own mother over to comfort a crying friend, ignoring the friend's mother, who was also in the room. This confusion is seen too when one-year-olds imitate the distress of someone else, possibly to better comprehend what they are feeling; for example, if another baby hurts her fingers, a one-year-old might put her own fingers in her mouth to see if she hurts, too. On seeing his mother cry, one baby wiped his own eyes, though they had no tears.3 Such motor mimicry, as it is called, is the original technical sense of the word empathy as it was first used in the 1920s by E. B. Titchener, an American psychologist. Titchener's theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself. He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy, which can be felt for the general plight of another with no sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling.4 Motor mimicry fades from toddlers' repertoire at around two and a half years, at which point they realize that someone else's pain is different from their own, and are better able to comfort them. A typical incident, from a mother's diary:5 A neighbor's baby cries and Jenny approaches and tries to give him some cookies. She follows him around and begins to whimper to herself. She then tries to stroke his hair, but he pulls away. He calms down, but Jenny still looks worried. She continues to bring him toys and to pat his head and shoulders.6 At this point in their development toddlers begin to diverge from one another in their overall sensitivity to other people's emotional upsets, with some, like Jenny, keenly aware and others tuning out. A series of studies by Marian Radke-Yarrow and Carolyn Zahn-Waxler at the National Institute of Mental Health showed that a large part of this difference in empathic concern had to do with how parents disciplined their children. Children, they found, were more empathic when the discipline included calling strong attention to the distress their misbehavior caused someone else: "Look how sad you've made her feel" instead of "That was naughty". They found too that children's empathy is also shaped by seeing how others react when someone else isdistressed; by imitating what they see, children develop a repertoire of empathic response, especially in helping other people who are distressed.UNIT3Stolen identity1 "Frank never went to pilot school, medical school, law school, ... because he's still in high school."2 That was the strapline of the 2002 film Catch Me If You Can, which tells the story of Frank Abagnale, Jr. (Leonardo DiCaprio), a brilliant young master of deception who at different times impersonated a doctor, a lawyer, and an airplane pilot, forging checks worth more than six million dollars in 26 countries. He became the youngest man to ever make the FBI's most-wanted list for forgery. Hunted and caught in the film by fictional FBI agent Carl Hanratty (Tom Hanks), Abagnale later escaped. He eventually became a consultant for the FBI where he focused on white-collar crime.3 It's a great film, but could it happen in real life? In fact, Catch Me If You Can is based on the true story of Frank Abagnale, whose career as a fraudster lasted about six years before he was caught, who escaped from custody three times (once through an airplane toilet), and who spent a total of six years in prison in France, Sweden and the US. He now runs a consultancy advising the world of business how to avoid fraud. He has raised enough money to pay back all his victims, and is now amulti-millionaire.4 Since 2003, identity theft has become increasingly common. Few people could imagine how important things like taking mail to the post office and not leaving it in the mailbox for pickup, shredding documents instead of throwing them out with the trash, even using a pen costing a couple of bucks, have become to avoid life-changing crimes.5 More and more people are becoming anonymous victims of identity theft. We spend many hours and dollars trying to recover our name, our credit, our money and our lives. We need to look for different ways to protect ourselves. We can improve our chances of avoiding this crime, but it will never go away.6 It's not just a list of do's and don'ts, we need to change our mindset. Although online banking is now commonplace, there's a significant group of people in the country—the baby boomers, 15 per cent of the population—who still prefer to usepaper. What's more, 30 per cent of cases of fraud occur within this group. A check has all the information about you that an identity thief needs. If you use a ballpoint pen, the ink can be removed with the help of a regular household chemical and the sum of money can be changed. More than 1.2 million bad checks are issued every day, more than 13 per second.7 Check fraud is big business ... and growing by 25 per cent every year. Criminals count on our mistakes to make their jobs easier. So how can we prevent identity theft before it happens to us?8 Take a few precautions. Don't leave your mail in your mailbox overnight or over the weekend. Thieves wait for the red flag to go up, so they can look through your outgoing mail for useful personal information or checks. Use a gel pen for checks and important forms, the ink is trapped in the fibre of the paper, and it can't be removed with chemicals. Also, shred or tear up all documents which contain personal information before you put them in the trash.9 Remember that there are plenty of online opportunities for thieves to create a false identity based on your own. We're all aware of the risks to personal information on computer databases by hacking and Trojan horses. But choosing someone and doing a Google search can also yield large amounts of personal information, and so can online social networking sites such as MySpace, Facebook and Bebo. And just as we take our pocketbook with us when we leave the office to go to the bathroom, it's also worth logging off your computer to avoid opportunistic theft.10 Finally, if you get robbed in a more traditional way—in the street—canceling your credit cards is obviously the first thing to do. But don't forget that even after they're reported lost, they can be used as identification to acquire store cards ... and you get the criminal record.11 Identity fraud can go on for years without the victim's knowledge. There is no escaping the fact that right now fraudsters are finding identity crime all too easy. If you haven't had your identity stolen, it's only because they haven't got to you yet. Your turn will come.UNIT4Making the headlines1 It isn't very often that the media lead with the same story everywhere in the world. Such an event would have to be of enormous international significance. But this is exactly what occurred in September 2001 with the terrorist attack on the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York. It is probably not exaggerated to say that from that moment the world was a different place.2 But it is not just the historical and international dimension that made 9/11 memorable and (to use a word the media like) newsworthy. It was the shock and horror, too. So striking, so sensational, was the news that, years after the event, many people can still remember exactly where they were and what they were doing when they first heard it. They can remember their own reactions: For many people across the globe their first instinct was to go and tell someone else about it, thus providing confirmation of the old saying that bad news travels fast.3 And so it is with all major news stories. I remember when I was at primary school the teacher announcing pale-faced to a startled class of seven year olds President Kennedy is dead. I didn't know who President Kennedy was, but I was so upset at hearing the news that I went rushing home afterwards to tell my parents (who already knew, of course). In fact, this is one of my earliest memories.4 So what exactly is news? The objective importance of an event is obviously not enough —there are plenty of enormous global issues out there, with dramatic consequences, from poverty to global warming—but since they are ongoing, they don't all make the just international, but odd, unexpected, and (in the sense that it was possible to identify with the plight of people caught up in the drama) very human.5 Odd doesn't mean huge. Take the story in today's China Daily about a mouse holding up a flight from Vietnam to Japan. The mouse was spotted running down the aisle of a plane in Hanoi airport. It was eventually caught by a group of 12 technicians worried that the mouse could chew through wires and cause a short circuit. By the time it took off the plane was more than four hours late.6 Not an event with momentous international consequences, you might say, (apart from a few passengers arriving late for their appointments in another country), but there are echoes of the story across the globe, in online editions of papers from Asia to America, via Scotland (Mouse chase holds up flight, in the Edinburgh Evening News).7 Another element of newsworthiness is immediacy. This refers to the nearness of the event in time. An event which happened a week ago is not generally news—unless you've just read about it. "When" is one of the five "wh" questions trainee journalists are regularly told that they have to use to frame a news story (the others are "who", "what", "where" and "why"); "today", "this morning", and "yesterday"are probably at the top of the list of time adverbs in a news report. Similarly, an event which is about to happen ("today", "this evening" or "tonight") may also be newsworthy, although, by definition, it is not unexpected and so less sensational.8 When it comes to immediacy, those media which can present news in real time, such as TV, radio, and the Internet, have an enormous advantage over the press. To see an event unfolding in front of your eyes is rather different from reading about it at breakfast the next morning. But TV news is not necessarily more objective or reliable than a newspaper report, since the images you are looking at on your screen have been chosen by journalists or editors with specific objectives, or at least following set guidelines, and they are shown from a unique viewpoint. By placing the camera somewhere else you would get a different picture. This is why it is usual to talk of the "power of the media"—the power to influence the public, more or less covertly.9 But perhaps in the third millennium this power is being eroded, or at least devolved to ordinary people. The proliferation of personal blogs, the possibility ofself-broadcasting through sites such as YouTube, and the growth of open-access web pages (wikis) means that anyone with anything to say—or show—can now reach a worldwide audience instantly.10 This doesn't mean that the press and TV are going to disappear overnight, of course. But in their never-ending search for interesting news items—odd, unexpected, and human—they are going to turn increasingly to these sites for their sources, providing the global information network with a curiously local dimension.UNIT5Catch-22Catch-22 is one of the most famous novels of the last century. It is set in an American military base on a small island in the Mediterranean during the Second World War. Although the story reveals some of the horrors of war through episodes of bloodshed and destruction, it is not a traditional war novel. There are no heroes or heroic acts, and the enemy is not really the Germans (who do not appear in the story), but anyone who can get you killed—and that includes your own commander. Catch-22 is primarily a comic novel, whose main character, an airman called Yossarian, has only one aim—to survive the war and go back home. He thinks he can do this by pretending to be insane.1 It was a horrible joke, but Doc Daneeka didn't laugh until Yossarian came to him one mission later and pleaded again, without any real expectation of success, to be grounded. Doc Daneeka snickered once and was soon immersed in problems of his own, which included Chief White Halfoat, who had been challenging him all that morning to Indian wrestle, and Yossarian, who decided right then and there to go crazy.2 "You're wasting your time," Doc Daneeka was forced to tell him.3 "Can't you ground someone who's crazy?"4 "Oh, sure. I have to. There's a rule saying I have to ground anyone who's crazy."5 "Then why don't you ground me? I'm crazy. Ask Clevinger."6 "Clevinger? Where is Clevinger? You find Clevinger and I'll ask him."7 "Then ask any of the others. They'll tell you how crazy I am."8 "They're crazy."9 "Then why don't you ground them?"10 "Why don't they ask me to ground them?"11 "Because they're crazy, that's why."12 "Of course they're crazy," Doc Daneeka replied. "I just told you they're crazy, didn't I? And you can't let crazy people decide whether you're crazy or not, can you?"13 Yossarian looked at him soberly and tried another approach. "Is Orr crazy?"14 "He sure is," Doc Daneeka said.15 "Can you ground him?"16 "I sure can. But first he has to ask me to. That's part of the rule."17 "Then why doesn't he ask you to?"18 "Because he's crazy," Doc Daneeka said. "He has to be crazy to keep flying combat missions after all the close calls he's had. Sure, I can ground Orr. But first he has to ask me to."19 "That's all he has to do to be grounded?"20 "That's all. Let him ask me."21 "And then you can ground him?" Yossarian asked.22 "No. Then I can't ground him."23 "You mean there's a catch?"24 "Sure there's a catch," Doc Daneeka replied. "Catch-22. Anyone who wants to get out of combat duty isn't really crazy."25 There was only one catch and that was catch-22, which specified that a concern for one's own safety in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions. Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didn't, but if he was sane he had to fly them. If he flew them he was crazy and didn't have to; but if he didn't want to he was sane and had to. Yossarian was moved very deeply by the absolute simplicity of this clause of catch-22 and let out a respectful whistle.26 "That's some catch, that catch-22," he observed.27 "It's the best there is," Doc Daneeka agreed.UNIT6My dream comes true1 The rain had started to fall gently through the evening air as darkness descended over Sydney. Hundreds of lights illuminated Stadium Australia, and the noise was deafening. As I walked towards the track I glanced around me at the sea of faces in the stands, but my mind was focused. The Olympic gold medal was just minutes away, hanging tantalisingly in the distance.2 My heart was beating loudly, my mouth was dry and the adrenaline was pumping.I was so close to the realisation of my childhood dream and the feeling was fantastic; it was completely exhilarating, but also terrifying. I knew I would have to push myself beyond my known limits to ensure that my dream came true.3 I tried to keep composed, telling myself not to panic, to stick to the plan and run my own race. I knew the Russian girls would set off quickly — and I had to finish this race fewer than ten seconds behind the Russian athlete Yelena Prokhorova. If I could do that, the title would be mine.4 I looked out along the first stretch of the 400m track and caught my breath. The 800m race had punished me so much over the years — in the World, Commonwealth and European Championships— and now it stood between me and the Olympic title.5 The British supporters were cheering so loudly it seemed as if they were the only fans there. I could hear my name being called. I could hear the shouts of encouragement and the cries of hope. Union Jacks fluttered all around the vast, beautiful stadium. I felt unified with the crowd — we all had the same vision and the same dream.6 My ankle was bandaged against an injury I had incurred in the long jump just a couple of hours earlier, but I shut out all thoughts of pain. I tried to concentrate on the crowd. They were so vocal. My spirits lifted and I felt composed.7 I knew I would do my best, that I would run my heart out and finish the race. I felt the performer in me move in and take over. I had just two laps to run, that was all. Just two laps until the emotional and physical strain of the past two days and the last 28 years would be eclipsed by victory or failure. This race was all about survival. It's only two minutes, I kept telling myself, anyone can run for two minutes.8 The starting gun was fired, and the race began. The first lap was good, I managed to keep up with the group, but I was feeling much more tired than I usually did, and much more than I'd anticipated. Both the long, hard weeks of training that had led up to this championship, and the exhaustion from two days of gruelling competition were showing in my performance. Mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me, and I had to fight back.9 Prokhorova had set the pace from the start. It was important that I didn't let her get too far in front. I had to stay with her. At the bell I was 2.3 seconds behind her. Just one lap to go. One lap. I could do it. I had to keep going. In the final 150 metres I could hear the roar of the crowd, giving me a boost at exactly the moment I needed it the most—just when my legs were burning and I could see the gap opening between me and the Russian. Thankfully, my foot was holding out, so now it was all down to mental stamina.10 Prokhorova was pulling away. I couldn't let her get too far; I had to stay with her. I began counting down the metres I had left to run: 60m, 50m, 40m, 20m. I could seethe clock. I could do it, but it would be close. Then finally the line appeared. I crossed it, exhausted. I had finished.11 As I crossed the line my initial thought was how much harder the race had been than expected, bearing in mind how, only eight weeks before, I had set a new personal best of two minutes 12.2 seconds. Then my mind turned to the result. Had I done it? I thought I had. I was aware of where the other athletes were, and was sure that I'd just made it. But, until I saw it on the scoreboard, I wouldn't let myself believe it. As I stood there, staring up and waiting for confirmation, I tried hard to keep negative thoughts from my mind—but I couldn't help thinking, what if I have just missed out? What if I've been through all this, and missed out?12 In the distance I could hear the commentary team talking about two days of tough competition, then I could almost hear someone say, "I think she's done enough." The next thing I knew, Sabine Braun of Germany came over and told me I'd won. They had heard before me, and she asked what it felt like to be the Olympic champion. I smiled, still not sure.13 Then, the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life — my name in lights. That was when it all hit me. Relief, a moment of calm, and a thank you to my inner self for taking me through these two days. I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. This was how it is meant to be — arms aloft and fists clenched.14 I looked out at the fans, who were waving flags, clapping and shouting with delight. I was the Olympic champion. The Olympic champion.UNIT7Protection1 When Soren was leaving for Japan to study carpentry, he asked if Hogahn, who was his dog originally, could live with me. "Of course," I said, "he'll protect me." There had been robberies in the neighborhood recently, and my house in Massachusetts was surrounded by a pond and woods to the north and west, so that someone could easily approach after dark without being seen.2 Soren laughed. "Hogahn doesn't exactly bark when someone comes to the door," he said. "If a burglar came, he would probably lick him."3 But Hogahn sensed that his connection to me was different from his connection to Soren. Soren, who is strong and relatively fearless, did not need much protection. When Soren was in a hurry, he would lift Hogahn like a small child into the bed of the pickup. I could not lift him. We were just about the same weight, and Hogahn was younger and stronger. As a woman, I faced dangers that Soren and Hogahn did not have to know about. After a week of living with me, Hogahn was barking at anyone who came near the house.4 Our protecting relationship began early, with me as the initial protector. Hogahn was a puppy, about seven months old, when Soren left him with me for the first time, only for a weekend. It was a cold, late November morning and the water in the pond was just beginning to freeze. A thin layer of ice held blowing leaves and light branches, but was much too tenuous for animal paws.5 I was hanging up the laundry in the backyard on a long clothesline which stretched from the giant oak tree next to the house to the spruce at the edge of the water. A light blue sheet was lifting itself with the wind and was trying to sail off over the pond to join the sky. As I struggled to trap it with a clothespin, Hogahn was panting warm clouds of air at my feet, lifting and dropping a two-foot oak branch that had fallen into his loving possession.6 Focused on capturing the sheet so that it draped evenly over the line, I distractedly picked up the stick and tossed it down the hill toward the fence that separated the yard from the water.7 I had tossed sticks for him before and knew the approximate distance they would go, depending upon their weight and my motion. This stick, however, caught a gust and, flying where the sheet wanted to go, sailed across the yard, over the fence, and, with a fine skater's touch, glided onto the pond. As I looked up, I saw Hogahn racing through the gate and, with a magnificent leap, crashing through the ice just short of the stick and into the water.8 Time froze as I stood at the clothesline. I thought: Soren has given me this child to watch over. He is my first grandchild. I have to save him. I was penetratingly aware of the dangers of the pond in November. I had fallen through once and saved myself because I had stayed very calm and moved very slowly. I knew that Hogahn could claw at me in his panic, pulling me down, and we could both go under.9 The next moment I was standing in the water and Hogahn was swimming toward me, breaking the ice with his front paws. He seemed a little startled by the intrusion of the ice in his path, but definitely in control. I went as far as I could until the pond bottom sank down under my weight and the ice water penetrated my jacket, and I stood and waited. He swam into my neck, and I lifted his puppy-body and carried him。

全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2

全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2

Unit2 Express Yourself!Listening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-2-1A: The woman in the red coat is smiling and the woman in the blue jeans beside her is laughing. Why are they so happyB: Maybe they’re going to the movies and they are excited.Audio Track 2-2-2/Audio Track 2-2-31.Angie: Okay, what’s the next test questionMarc: The next question is ... What’s the capital of GreenlandAngie: (yawning ) ... It’s ...Marc: Angie!Angie: WhatMarc: Stop yawning. This is serious!Angie: I’m sorry. I’m listening.2.Pablo: So, my plane leaves at 8: 00, and ... hey Carolyn, are you crying Carolyn: No, not really.Pablo: Yes, you are! What’s wrongCarolyn: Well, it’s summer vacation and you’re going away.Pablo: Come on now. Don’t cry. It’s only for three months.Carolyn: Okay. But write to me. I’ll miss you.3.Vickie: Tony, what’re you doingTony: I’m planning our trip to Las Vegas. Ugh! I can’t find a hotel room. Vickie: So we can’t visit Las VegasTony: No, we can’t. Hey Vickie, why are you smilingVickie: I don’t really want to go to Vegas, Tony. I’m glad. Now we can visit London instead!Audio Track 2-2-4/Audio Track 2-2-51.Man: Where are you running to, PaulaWoman: I have Connie’s wallet. I need to give it to her.Man: Come on. I’ll help you.Woman: I don’t see Connie anywhere.Man: Look! She’s over there. Standing at the bus stop.Woman: Oh yeah, I see her. Connie! Connie!Man: She doesn’t see us.Woman: You’re right. It’s too noisy, and she’s talking to someone.2.Man: Well, here we are. This is my mom’s house.Woman: It’s beautiful.Man: Hey, Jen. Are you okayWoman: I’m just a little nervous. It’s my first time meeting your mother. Man: Come on. Don’t worry. Here she is now.Woman 2: Hi, Tim!Man: Hi, Mom. I’d like you to meet Jen.Woman 2: Hi, Jen. It’s very nice to meet you.Woman: It’s nice to meet you, too. Mrs. Harris.3.Man: Hey, Anne. Where are you goingWoman: I’m going to the library to study.Man: For what It’s only 7:00 a.m.!Woman: My final exams. They’re next week.Man: Wow, well, good luck!Woman: Thanks!4.Woman: Bill, it’s late. Where’s the theaterMan: Hmmm ... I think it’s near here.Woman: Are you sure What street is thisMan: Uhm ... I don’t know.Woman: Where’s the map I want to check.Audio Track 2-2-6/Audio Track 2-2-7Paula: So, Jane, what are you doing these daysJane: I’m working in an office. And I’m studying computer science in the evening. Paula: You’re really busy!Jane: That’s for sure! And in my free time, I’m learning Spanish for my vacation. I’m planning a trip to Mexico next year.Paula: What about your brothers How are they doingJane: They’re doing great! Alex is helping our father in his business, and Adam is going to Pacific University.Paula: How nice!Jane: Paula, how about you How are you doing these daysPaula: I’m doing great, too. I’m working on a project about community safety. Jane: Community safetyPaula: Yeah. We’re planning a campaign against theft, fire, AIDS and drugs in ourcommunity.Jane: Oh, that sounds interesting!Paula: Yes, indeed it is interesting. And it is very important to the community.Audio Track 2-2-8/Audio Track 2-2-10Know before you go!BangladeshPeople greet their friends by shaking hands softly and then putting their hands over their heart. People in Bangladesh don’t use many gestures. Waving at people and winking are very rude. Don’t touch people on the head. Don’t point with your foot — Bangladeshi people think feet are very dirty.IndonesiaIndonesians greet people with a long handshake, and they bow at the same time. At a meeting, give every person your business card, but use your right hand — using your left hand is very rude.Audio Track 2-2-9/Audio Track 2-2-10ThailandIn Thailand, the traditional greeting is called wai— people put their hands together and bow. Men and women don’t often touch each other in public. Thai people don’t use their hands for gestures, but they love to smile a lot. They sometimes laugh when they feel nervous or embarrassed.The United Arab EmiratesPeople in the United Arab Emirates have some special gestures. When two men meet, they shake hands. Sometimes old men touch noses together. Women kiss their friends on the cheek. If a man meets a woman, he doesn’t shake hands with her. He just smiles. When you give your friend something, give it to him with your right hand. Don’tuse your left hand. And don’t point at people with your finger. Use your hand to gesture towards them.Audio Track 2-2-11/Audio Track 2-2-12In Brazil, men often shake hands when they meet for the first time. When women meet, they kiss each other on the cheek. Women also kiss male friends to say hello. When you shake hands, look at the person in the eyes. This shows interest and friendliness. In New Zealand, usually, both men and women shake hands when they meet someone for the first time. If you see two people pressing their noses together, they are probably Maori. The Maori are the native people of New Zealand. This is their traditional greeting.In Japan, when people meet for the first time, they usually bow. In business, people also shake hands. In formal situation, people often exchange business cards. When you give a business card, give it with two hands. This is polite. Special note: In Japan, when people smile it can have different meanings. It usually means that the person is happy, or that the person thinks something is funny. But it can also mean that the person is embarrassed.Audio Track 2-2-131. The man is laughing. The man’s laughing.2. The bus is coming. The bus’s coming.3. Why is she frowning Why’s she frowingAudio Track 2-2-141. Tina’s studying in the library.2. My sister’s nervous. She is studying for a test.3. When is your class4. Cintra’s dad is talking on the phone.5. How’s your family doing6. Toshi’s car is not working.Audio Track 2-2-15Jim: Hi, Katy.Katy: Hey, Jim. How’s it goingJim: Great! How’re you doingKaty: I’m stressed.Jim: Yeah What’s wrongKaty: Oh, I have an important test tomorrow.Jim: Well, why aren’t you studyingKaty: I’m kind of tired.Jim: Come on. Let’s have a cup of coffee. Then you can study.Katy: Okay, sounds good!Audio Track 2-2-16A: Hi, Mike.B: Hi, Jim. How are you doingA: Not so good. Actually I’m a bit angry.B: Yeah What’s wrongA: Oh, I’m going to see a football game tonight with my friend Dan, but he’s late. B: Why not give him a call right nowA: I did, but his mobile is out of service and I couldn’t reach him.B: Calm down. When will the game startA: It starts in 20 minutes! There’s not much time left to get there.B: Don’t worry. Just take a taxi to the game. Maybe Dan is there already.A: Yeah, I guess that’s the best thing to do!Audio Track 2-2-17A: Hi, Ben.B: Hi, Lisa, How are you getting along You look unhappy today.A: It’s nothing really. It’s just ... about my trip to Boston.B: You’re going on a trip to Boston Sounds nice. Why are you so glumA: Well I hate flying. That’s what is bothering me. Just thinking of airplane crashes makes me scared.B: Come on, Lisa. Airplanes are safe.A: Perhaps, but I’m still afraid.B: OK. I understand. Let me see ... I have a suggestion! Want to hear itA: Go ahead.B: Why don’t you rent a car and drive to BostonA: That’s a great idea!B: Yeah, and perhaps I could come with you! I have friends in Boston, and I could visit them, too.A: Sounds good.Audio Track 2-2-18A: Hi, Mike! It’s great to see you again! How’s it goingB: I’m fine. Thanks. How are you doingA: Fine! Where are you living nowB: I’m living in Boston, attending Harvard University.A: Wow, so you’re still at university.B: Yeah, I’m doing my PhD. It’s taking ages to finish and it’s pretty stressful.How about youA: Well, I’m a sales manager at an American company. It’s pretty exciting.B: I wish I were working already. I’m sick of studying.Video CourseVideo Track 2-2-1Dave: I get stressed very often because of school.Natalie: Sometimes at the office I get stressed, and when I do, I take a break and go for a walk.Dayanne: One of the things that really makes me happy is going to the beach. Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. WhenI’m angry, I like to be alone, I don’t like to be around other people. Agnes: I don’t like to be angry or stressed, because when I am, I eat all the time, and when I’m angry, I yell at everybody.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-2Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. When I’m angry, I like to be alone. I don’t like to be around other people.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-3Dennis: We have a special way of greeting our elders in the Philippines by takingtheir hand and kind of kissing it like this. And it’s called mano.Dayanne: In Brazil when you greet a friend you give them a big hug and sometimes you give them a kiss on the cheek and in some places you give two kisses and in some places three kisses.Miyuki: Bowing is a very polite gesture in Japan, but I often shock people when I stick my hands out to shake their hands because it’s not very common.Agnes: When you greet somebody in Senegal you shake hands for a long time or you can hug, too, and ask about him, and his family, and his friends, and it takes a while.Video Track 2-2-4Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!Video Track 2-2-5Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Video Track 2-2-6Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Video Track 2-2-7Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!。

全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 4

全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 4

Unit 4 Today’s TrendsListening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-4-1A: Graph A shows that many married women go out and work today.B: Yes, that’s true. Only 15 percent of them now stay at home.A: Graph D shows that only one-third of children aged 3 to 5 are taken care of at home. It’s unbelievable.B: It’s not uncommon. In today’s society, most mothers and fathers mare busy with work. They have no choice.Audio Track 2-4-2/Audio Track 2-4-3Interview 1Interviewer: So, tell us a little about yourselves.Dan: Well, I’m Dan Preston.Courtney: And I’m Courtney Preston. We live in Phoenix, Arizona.Interviewer: OK, great. Do you have any children? Courtney: Yes, we have a baby. He’s thirteen months old.Interviewer: How nice. … Courtney, you must be busy!Courtne y: It’s not so bad. I’m a manager at a bank. Dan stays at home with the baby. Interviewer: Really?Dan: Yep. I’m a “househusband.” I take care of the kid while Courtney works.Interviewer: That’s unusual!Dan: Well, it’s a growing trend. There are more and more househusbands every year. Interviewer: How interesting!Interview 2Interviewer: Where are you from?Jamal: We live in Toronto, Canada.Interviewer: How big is your family?Jamal: Well, there are four of us. I’m Jamal, my wife is Tia, and we have two girls. Interviewer: Who takes care of them?Tia: We both do. We both stay at home with the girls.Interviewer: Well, who works then?Jamal & Tia: We both do!Interviewer: What do you mean? I don’t understand.Jamal: We’re both writers. We work at home during the day.Interviewer: Oh, I see.Tia: We’re always here when the girls come home from school at 2:30.Interviewer: That’s great.Audio Track 2-4-4/Audio Track 2-4-5Interviewer (Int): Hi. What’s your name?Gio: Gio.Int: Hi, Gio. Where are you from?Gio: Milan, Italy.Int: Welcome to New York, then!Gio: Thank you.Int: Where are your clothes from?Gio: My brother. I’m always borrowing clothes.Int: How would you describe your style?Gio: Casual, I guess. I’m not very innovative. I just wear the same thing all the time. Int.: Good evening. What’s your name?Vicki: Vicki.Int.: You look beautiful.Vicki: Thank you.Int: That dress is very stylish.Vicki: My mother gave it to me. It was tailor-made!Int.: Wonderful. Where are you from, Vicki?Vicki: I’m f rom Hong Kong.Int.: How would you describe your personal sense of style?Vicki: Classic, I suppose. I like to dress up.Int: Hi, there.Elena: Hi!Int: Who are you?Elena: I’m Elena.Int: And where are you from?Elena: I’m from right here in New York.Int: A hometown girl. And your clothes are from …?Elena: A store in my neighborhood. There was a sale.Int.: Great! How would you describe your personal style?Elena: Retro. It’s fashionable now.Int: It looks old-fashioned … in a good way, of course.Audio Track 2-4-6/Audio Track 2-4-71.A: I’m new in town and I’d like to make some friends. What should I do?B: You ought to join a sports club.A: But I don’t like sports.B: You could look for friends on the Internet.2.A: I don’t know what to wear to the party tonight. What should I wear?B: You could wear your new jeans or your black pants.A: It’s a formal dress party.B: Oh, then you shouldn’t wear pants after all. You definitely ought to wear a dress.3.A: I still don’t understand this grammar. What should I do?B: You had better get some help or you will fail the test. It’s on Thursday.A: Maybe I could take the test on Friday. That would give me extra time.B: Well, you had better not delay. There’s not much time!Audio Track 2-4-81. I’m a salesclerk in a woman’s clothing store. My boss is great, but she has a very strict dress code. We have to wear long skirts, black shoes, no jewelry, and on and on. It’s really boring, so I’m planning to dye my hair red. What do you think? — Lana2. I love my gi rlfriend, but she complains a lot about my clothes. She doesn’t want to go anywhere with me because I always wear old jeans and a T-shirt. I don’t care about looking like a fashion magazine. I just want to be comfortable! What’s your advice? — DaveAudio Track 2-4-91. I’m a salesclerk in a woman’s clothing store. My boss is great, but she has a very strict dress code. We have to wear long skirts, black shoes, no jewelry, and on and on. It’s really boring, so I’m planning to dye my hair red. What do you think? — Lana2. I love my girlfriend, but she complains a lot about my clothes. She doesn’t want to go anywhere with me because I always wear old jeans and a T-shirt. I don’t care about looking like a fashion magazine. I just want to be comfortable! What’s your advice? — DaveExpert’s opinion: I think you ought to have a serious talk with your girlfriend and explain how you feel. We all have our own style and taste. In my opinion, she thinks too much about appearances.Audio Track 2-4-10/Audio Track 2-4-11Today I started my new part-time job as a trendspotter. I was nervous and didn’t know what to expect. Well, guess what? It was a lot of fun! I’m telling all my friends, “You should think about becoming a trendspotter, too!” On Saturday morning, we had to report to a recording studio by 10 a.m. The “Trends Coordinator,” Mandy, explained the schedule. Then she gave us a tour. That was really cool!Next we sat around a big table in a room. They gave each person three cards. One card said “Yes — All the way!” Another said, “It’s OK.” The third one said, “No way!” We listened to about 10 different songs. After each song we had to hold up a card. They played some hip hop, rock, heavy metal, and dance music. The heavy metal was “No way” for me!Do you know the rock group called “Gifted”? They’re really popular right now. Well, they have a new CD coming out. We saw six different CD covers. I guess they are trying to choose one. This time, we didn’t have any cards. Instead, we just talked about the covers we liked. Mandy asked us questions: “Which ones do you like?” “Why do you like them?” “Would you buy a CD with this cover?”We finished at 12:30. We will meet again next week at a boutique downtown. We will look at some new fashions. Each week we go to a different location. Oh yes, we also received a free CD for our work. This “job”doesn’t pay, but we get free stuff!Audio Track 2-4-121. All of the families live in big cities.2. None of the students study German.3. Some of the people don’t agree with me.Audio Track 2-4-131. Most of the young children are in day care.2. Some of their parents work two or three jobs.3. All of my friends grew up in the same town.4. None of my classmates like to study.Audio Track 2-4-14Moderator: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to our debate. Mr. Taylor, please begin. Mr. Taylor: We have a big problem. Too many children are in day care centers. This is not good. Moderator: Ms. Marin, what do you think?Ms. Marin: I’m a mother and I work. In today’s society, most mot hers and fathers are busy with work.Moderator: So, they don’t have a choice? They need day care?Ms. Marin: Exactly. And it’s very expensive.Moderator: What can we do about this situation?Mr. Taylor: We should encourage mothers and fathers to stay at home with their children.Ms. Marin: I don’t agree. I think we should offer cheaper day care.Audio Track 2-4-15Moderator: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to this debate on whether it is better to rent or to own a home. Miss Ying, please begin.Miss Ying: As far as I’m concerned, owning a home is far better than renting one. Actually, I feel quite troubled by the idea of living in a rented apartment.Moderator: Can you further explain that point?Miss Ying: Of course. The sense of security I get from home ownership would not exist in a rented apartment.Moderator: Mr. Chen, what are your thoughts?Mr. Chen: Well, I think it’s better to rent a home than to own one. I just can’t afford to purchase a home, and I don’t know if that will ever change. At the moment, the cost of even a small city center apartment is out of most people’s reach.Miss Ying: I see your point, but I still think, it’s better to own a home than to rent one in the longrun. Although buying a home is expensive, I think most people can apply for a mortgage or join with their families to invest in a home.Mr. Chen: Yes, that’s quite true, but I feel bothered by the idea of owing so much money. I think it’s better to save for a home rather than get a mortgage. I believe people should spend only the money that they have earned or saved.Moderator: Some excellent points. Thank you both for taking part in the debate.Video CourseVideo Track 2-4-1Yelena: In Ukraine people get married very early.Lourdes: In Colombia people usually marry in their late 20s.Paula: In Brazil people get married around 25. Usually husbands and wives both work.Calvin: I guess in a traditional family … traditional Korean family … you know, it is usually the males who work. There are a lot of parents who both have full-time jobs.Kumiko: In Japan, nowadays, people usually get married around 30. Husbands and wives both work until they have babies. And the wife stays at home with her children.Alejandra: Children in Argentina live with their parents until they get married. Usually both the husband and the wife work, but if they have children, then the wife stays at home to take care of the children.Video Track 2-4-2Kumiko: In Japan, nowadays, people usually get married around 30. Husbands and wives both work until they have babies. And the wife stays at home with her children.Alejandra: Children in Argentina live with their parents until they get married. Usually both the husband and the wife work, but if they have children, then the wife stays at home to take care of the children.Video Track 2-4-3Dave: I really admire my sister’s style because she’s very independent.Calum: One person whose fashion I admire is my friend Alex. He wears really nice clothes. Dayanne: I have a friend that always wears cowboy boots to go to work. I think that she should wear something more stylish.Dennis: The person I most admire is Robert Redford. I like the way he moves, the way he stands, the way he carries his clothes … his hair …Woo Sung: I’ve had this hair for a while and I think it’s definitely time for a change. I need a haircut.Dayanne: To improve my appearance, I should have a haircut and lose weight.Calum: I think I could improve my appearance by wearing contact lenses instead of glasses.Video Track 2-4-4Mike: I told you —I don’t like to go running.Roberto: You ought to get more exercise, Mike. It’s good for you. You know, I think there’s a definite trend. More and more people are starting to exercise.Mike: You’re just saying that because you think I should exercise more. The majority of the people I know don’t exercise.Roberto: Well, in my opinion, I really think more people are exercising nowadays.Mike: What makes you say that?Roberto: Well, when I came to New York five years ago, almost no one in my office exercised. Then, a few years ago, some people started going to the gym. And now, I just read in my office newsletter that 28 percent of the people in my office go to the gym three or more times a week. That’s almost one third of the employees.Mike: Just because some of the people in your office go to the gym, doesn’t make it a trend. Maybe 28 percent go, but that means that 72 percent don’t.Roberto: Not necessarily … there’s more ways to get exercise than going to the gym.Mike: Such as?Roberto: Some peo ple walk to work … some people play golf … some people jog in the park . . . Mike: Yeah, that’s true …Roberto: Look around you. Don’t you see all the people exercising?Mike: Well, how many of them are enjoying it? None!Roberto: Oh come on, Mike. All of them are enjoying it.Mike: Not all of them …Roberto: Well, most of them …Mike: Maybe some of them … but not this one. I’m exhausted. I think we ought to go home. Roberto: Yes, I think we’d better. And we’d better get you something to drink, too.Mike: Hey, you know what?Roberto: What?Mike: I think we should get some ice cream, too.Roberto: What?Mike: Yeah! You know, I read somewhere that 33 percent of all famous athletes recommend eating ice cream after a heavy workout.Roberto: Yeah, right.Mike: No, I’m serious. I read it in a magazine!Video Track 2-4-5Mike: I told you —I don’t like to go running.Roberto: You ought to get more exercise, Mike. It’s good for you. You know, I think there’s a definite trend. More and more people are starting to exercise.Mike: You’re just saying that because you think I should exercise more. The majority of the people I know don’t exercise.Roberto: Well, in my opinion, I really think more people are exercising nowadays.Mike: What makes you say that?Roberto: Well, when I came to New York five years ago, almost no one in my office exercised. Then, a few years ago, some people started going to the gym. And now, I just read in my officenewsletter that 28 percent of the people in my office go to the gym three or more times a week. That’s almost one third of the employees.Video Track 2-4-6Mike: Just because some of the people in your office go to the gym, doesn’t make it a trend. Maybe 28 percent go, but that means that 72 percent don’t.Roberto: Not necessarily … there’s more ways to get exercise than going to the gym.Mike: Such as?Roberto: Some people walk to work … some people play golf … some people jog in the park …Mike: Yeah, that’s true …Roberto: Look around you. Don’t you see all the people exercising?Mike: Well, how many of them are enjoying it? None!Roberto: Oh come on, Mike. All of them are enjoying it.Mike: Not all of them …Roberto: Well, most of them …Mike: Maybe some of them … but not this one. I’m exhausted. I think we ought to go home. Roberto: Yes, I think we’d better. And we’d better get you something to drink, too.Video Track 2-4-7Mike: Hey, you know what?Roberto: What?Mike: I think we should get some ice cream, too.Roberto: What?Mike: Yeah! You know, I read somewhere that 33 percent of all famous athletes recommend eating ice cream after a heavy workout.Roberto: Yeah, right.Mike: No, I’m serious. I read it in a magazine!。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit4)

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit4)

Unit 4Ⅳ. Class PresentationListening & SpeakingThe Language for Expressing Curiosity1. Directions: You are going to listen to an instructor talking about expressingcuriosity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missingwords.Instructor: Everybody is born with curiosity. It is an innate(天性的) desire to know.Out of this curiosity grows a strong desire to learn. Put in other words,it is our curiosity that pushes us to explore the unknown. To expresscuriosity is to satisfy our inquisitive(好奇的) interest in the worldaround us.Pick up the following language to express your curiosity:— Do you happen to know what’ going on?— I’m most curious about global warming.— I’m very keen to know where human curiosity comes from.— I’d give a lot to know more about this interesting fact.— I wonder how the law of gravity works.— I wonder if you could tell me the secret.— I’d be most interested to discover why people behave this way.— I wouldn’t mind knowing about the real reason behind this.— If only I knew what’s in your mind.— I hope you don’t mind my asking, but how does it work?2. Directions: Now come up with some questions reflecting your curiosity about aparticular aspect of your specialty, using the language you learned inExercise 1. The questions are supposed to be specific.Expressing Curiosity1)Directions: Before you listen to the first conversation, read the followingwords and expressions which may be new to you.impressionism 印象主义,(绘画、文学、音乐等的)印象派message 思想, 寓意simulate 模仿dab 轻涂stroke 一笔imagination 想象Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing Words.Wang Ying: Look at this picture. You’ve got to be smart enough to understand this. It’s really beyond me.Li Ming:I seem to know little about impressionism. I’m struggling to get its message.Wang Ying:Are you? I’m most curious about it, too. Is this a French painter or a Chinese one?Li Ming:It must be a French painter.Wang Ying:How do you know that?Li Ming:By the name.Wang Ying:Ah. Do you happen to know what these natural appearing objects in unmixed colors mean?Li Ming:I don’t know. Maybe they’re meant to simulate actual reflected light.Wang Ying:Wow. I hope you don’t mind my asking, but what are these dabs and strokes trying to tell us?Li Ming:Use your imagination.Wang Ying:Mmm-hmm… their open possibilities probably reflect the beauty of impressionism. Right?Li Ming:I didn’t know you have so much curiosity about impressionism.Wang Ying: Now you know I’m a really inquisitive person!Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.1. Where did this conversation most probably take place?In an art gallery.2. What were they talking about?They were talking about an impressionistic picture.3. What did Wang Ying want to know?She was keen to know about the meaning of the colors, dabs and strokes.4. What did Li Ming ask Wang Ying to do?He asked her to use her imagination.5. What did Li Ming say about Wang Ying?He said that she is an inquisitive person.2) Directions: Before you listen to the second conversation, read the followingwords and expressions which may be new to you.fare 车费fare card 交通卡store 存储subway 地铁scanner 扫描仪beep 电子装置发出的声音Listen to the conversation twice, and then complete the passage according to the conversation you have heard.This was the first time for Kathy to visit the city of Shanghai. She took a bus and paid the exact fare. The bus driver advised her to get herself a fare card. She wondered what it was, whether it could be used on the subway and how it worked on the bus. The bus driver answered her questions and explained the use of the card, satisfying her inquisitive needs.Directions: Listen to the conversation again, and complete the form as the speaker recounts it. After that, act it out in class.Kathy: Excuse me. Do I have to pay the exact fare for the bus?Bus Driver: Yes, you do. It’s two yuan. Put the coins into the slot of the box.The passenger sits near the bus driverBus Driver: You ought to get yourself a fare card.Kathy: What’s that?Bus Driver: It’s a stored value card. You can use it on the bus.Kathy: I wonder whether I can use it on the subway.Bus Driver: Sure can. And also on a taxi.Kathy: This is my first time to visit the city of Shanghai.Bus Driver: Welcome to Shanghai.Kathy: Thanks. I hope you don’t mind my asking, but how does the fare card work on the bus?Bus Driver: There’s a scanner by the door. Did you see it?Kathy: Yes.Bus Driver: You just place your card on the device. When you hear the beep, you’ve paid.Kathy: Thank you.Bus Driver: Don’t mention it.4. Express your curiosity about a particular mystery and ask the class to answeryour question. Try to use the language you picked up in Exercise 1.Listening Practice5. Directions: Listen to the following people talking and figure out the best responseto each conversation’s implication.1. M: Just give me your driver’s license, Miss.W: But what did I do? Just tell me that.Q: What’s the relationship between these two speakers?A) A policeman and a thief. B) A judge and a liar(说谎者).C) A policeman and a driver.D) A lawyer and a defendant(被告).2. M: Sure, Anna, come on in. What can I do for you?W: This is a little difficult, so I guess I’ll just speak directly. I’ve been offered another job, and I think I’m going to accept it.Q: What’s the relationship between these two speakers?A) An employer and an employee.B) A manager and a client.C) A professor and a student.D) An examiner and an examinee(参加考试者).3. W: Can you give me anything for the pain?M: Yes, I’ll give you some painkillers. Come back in a week.Q: What’s the relationship between these two speakers?A) A teacher and a pupil.B) A painter and a buyer.C) A doctor and a patient.D) A mechanic(机修工) and a driver.4. W: Can I pay for sale goods by credit card?M: No, it’s cash sale only.Q: What’s the relationship between these two speakers?A) A boss and an assistant.B) A cashier and a businessman.C) A teller(出纳员) and a customer.D) A shop assistant and a customer.5. W: So first I look under ML, then the numbers, then the other letters.M: That’s it. After you find your books, come back to me and We’ll continue your search for periodicals.Q: What’s the relationship between these two speakers?A) A boss and a secretary. B) A librarian and a student.C) A mayor and a citizen(市民).D) A manager and bookkeeper (簿记员).6. Directions: Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose theappropriate answers.1. W: I can’t decide whether to take classes this summer or to find a summer job.M:I think you learn more by working, and you’ll also make money for next semester if you do.Q: What does the man mean?A) Waiting until later to decide. B) Taking summer classes.C) Working and studying. D) Finding a summer job.2. M: I have no idea if they will come to the party or not.W: Don’t worry, we have enough food for all of them.Q: What does the woman mean?A. She will cancel(取消) the party since nobody called.B.She is sure that people will come to the party.C) There is plenty of food for all the people.D) They won’t come if they don’t call.3. W: Mr. Day, I’ve just checked this apartment; the bathroom sink is leaking.M: OK, I’ll have a maintenance man come over to fix it.Q: What will the man do?A) He will ask someone to do the work.B) He will move into the apartment.C) He will buy a new sink. D) He will fix the sink.4. W: I’m going to give away these books. You can have them if you want.M: Are you sure?Q: What is the man implying?A) He is disappointed. B) He is surprised.C) He is anxious. D) He is nervous.5. W: Does this bus go to the Science Museum?M: No, but the next one does. Just wait for a few minutes.Q: What does the man suggest?A) Walk to the Science Museum.B) Wait for the next bus. C) Ask someone else.D) Get on this bus.7. Directions: Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decidewhether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to thestory you have heard.cylinder 汽缸spot 发现bike 摩托车garage 汽车修理部straighten up 伸直rag 抹布valve 活门;瓣膜how come…[口]为什么…pittance 少量工资whisper 耳语A mechanic was removing a cylinder head from the motor of a Harley, when he spotted a world-famous heart surgeon in his shop. The heart surgeon was waiting for the service manager to come take a look at his bike. The mechanic shouted across the garage, “Hey, Doc, can I ask you a question?”The famous surgeon, a bit surprised, walked over to the mechanic working on the motorcycle.The mechanic straightened up, wiped his hands on a rag and asked, “So Doc, look at this engine. I also can open hearts, take valves out, fix them, put in new parts and when I finish this will work just like a new one. So how come I get a pittance and you get the really big money, when you and I are doing basically the same work?”The surgeon paused, smiled and leaned over, and whispered to the mechanic: “Try doing it with the engine running!”T 1. The story took place at the mechanic’s garage.___T____ 2. the mechanic was busy fixing a motorcycle.___F____ 3. The mechanic asked the heart surgeon to examine the motorcycle’s “heart”.___T___ 4. The mechanic found it unfair that he earned much less than the surgeon. ___T___ 5. The surgeon made it fair for him to earn much more by pointing out the complexity performing a heart operation.8. Directions: Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missingwords. The talk is given twice.The world is so bright with color everywhere that it’s hard to imagine that other creatures(动物) don’t see it as we do. But how can we find out whether animals can see color when they cannot tell us?Scientists have made many experiments to get the answer to this. The bee has been the subject(研究对象) of hundreds of these tests, because we have been curious to know whether bees tell flowers apart by their color. In one experiment,a bit of syrup(糖浆) was put in front of a blue card, and no syrup in front of a redcard. After a while, the bees would come to the blue card, no matter where it was placed, even if it had no syrup in front of it. This proved they can tell colors apart.Two strange things were found out about the bee’s ability to see in color.The first is that a bee cannot see red as a color. For a bee, it’s only dark grey or black. The second is that bees can see ultraviolet(紫外线) as a color, while, for human beings, it is just darkness.9. Directions: Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questionsorally.1. What did scientists try to find out?They tried to find out whether animal can see color.2. Why did they use the bees at the subject?Because they were curious to know whether bees tell flowers apart by their color.3. What did they do in the experiment?They put a bit of syrup in front of a blue card, and no syrup in front of a red card.4. What was the result of the experiment?The bees would come to the blue card, no matter where it was placed, even if it had not syrup in front of it.5. What can we learn from the experiment?Bees don’t see colors as we do.10. Directions: Have a discussion on the topic given below。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit2)

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册听力答案及原文(unit2)

Unit 2Ⅳ. Class PresentationListening & SpeakingThe Language for Making and Responding to an Apology1. Direction: You are going to listen to an instructor talking about making andresponding to an apology. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks withthe missing words.Instructor: An apology is an expression of regret for a mistake, a fault, causing trouble or even pain in some way. It’s good form to make an apologywhen this occurs. A prompt (及时的) and proper apology invitesforgiveness (原谅). Failure to do so tends to cause embarrassment, oreven argument or hostility (敌意). It’s also decent (得体的) behaviorto respond to an apology in a polite way.To forgive is a virtue (美德).The practice of making an apology is highly appreciated in society.There’re many ways of making an apology:—Excuse me for my interrupting you.—I’m really sorry for being late.—I’m terribly sorry to step on you.—I’m awfully sorry (that) I have forgotten your name.—I apologize for what I have said.—I’m a fraid I seem to have to have forgotten your birthday.—I owe you an apology for the delay.—I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings.—It was really quite unintentional.—I hope you excuse me.There are also many ways of responding to an apology:—That’s (quite) all right.—These things happen; it can’t be helped.—I quite understand. Please don’t worry.—(Oh well.) Not to worry.—No problem. Let’s forget it.2. Directions: Now choose one apology from the list given below and say it out loud,expecting a response in class. Try to use the language you learned inExercise 1.—Pardon me, I didn’t know you were here.—I’m afraid I seem to have backed my car into yours… I’m awfullysorry.—I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to hur t your feelings.— It was all my fault.— How silly of me to forget that.— I owe you an apology for those remarks.—I’m afraid I’ve brought you so much trouble.— Please accept my apologies for not attending your class.—I’m terribly sorry for ringing you up in the middle of the night.—Sorry to have taken your umbrella by mistake. It was really quite unintentional.Making and Responding to an Apology3.1) Directions: Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following wordsand expressions which may be new to you.how come 怎么会…;为什么…… make up for 补救no wonder 难怪saying 话; 格言;警句Directions: Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Li Ming: How come, you look so upset, Wang Ying? What happened?Wang Ying: Where were you these days? I kept calling your on cell phone al afternoon. But when I called, I only heard “The power is off.”Anyreason you had to do that?Li Ming: Uh, tell you what. I was attending an interesting lecture given by a well-known professor, so I had to turn it off. No wonder youcouldn’t reach me!Wang Ying: I see. Y ou know what yesterday was? It was my birthday!Li Ming: Oh, I’m terribly sorry to have forgotten your birthday! I hope you excuse me.Wang Ying: That’s all right. I can understand.Li Ming: I’ll make it up for it.Wang Ying: No problem. Let’s forget it.Li Ming: Really, sorry about it.Wang Ying: Come on, stop it. Have you ever heard the saying“Love means not ever having to say you’re sorry”?Li Ming: Aha! OK,OK.Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.1. Why was Wang Ying so upset?Because she couldn’t reach Li Ming on the cell phone.2. What was yesterday?It was Wang Ying’s birthday.3. Why did Li Ming have to shut off his cell phone.Because he was attending a lecture.4. What was Li Ming sorry about?He was sorry for forgetting Wang Ying’s birthday.5. What was Wang Ying’s response?She said that she could understand.2) Directions: Before you listen to the second conversation, read the followingwords and expressions which may be new to you.check in 办理登机手续suitcase 手提箱set sth. upright 把某物放直check 检查baggage claim check 行李认领单Listen to the following conversation twice, and then complete the passage according to the conversation you have just heard.A passenger is checking in at the airport. He would like to have a window seat. If there aren’t any left, he will take an aisle seat. The agent is sorry to inform him that there will be a 20-minute delay and his flight will be boarding in about half an hour. But she cheerfully wishes him a nice flight when she hand him his baggage claim check.Listen to the conversation again, and complete the form as the speaker recounts it. After that, act it out in class.Agent: Good morning. Y our ticket, please? And set your suitcase upright so I can check it through.Passenger: Okay!Agent: And where would you like to sit?Passenger: Make it a window seat, but if there aren’t any left, I’ll take an aisle seat.Agent: Uh-hum, here you go. I’m sorry, but there will be a 20-minute delay, so your flight will be boarding in about half an hour.Passenger: I sure hope that’s the only delay. Oh, where are baggage claim checks?Agent: They’re here with your ticket, sir.Passenger: Great! Uh, thanks a lot.Agent: Y ou’re welcome. Have a nice flight.4. Directions: Create situations in which you blame someone for his/her mistake orfault and expect them to make both apologies and excuses. Try to usethe language you picked up in Exercise 1 as well as the expressionsin the box given below.Making Excuses—I had no intention of DOING…, really.—I didn’t mean to, really.—It really wasn’t my fault, you see.—I just couldn’t help it!Listening Practice5. Directions: Listen to the following people talking and decide on locations.1. M: Good morning. I’d like to open a savings account.W: Do you already have an account with us?Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?A) In the library. B) At the airport.C) At the bank.D) At the post office.2. W: I can hardly breathe. Would you please put your cigarette out.M: I’m sorry that I’m bothering you, but this is the smoking section. Why don’t you ask the waitress to change your table?Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?A) In a restaurant.B) At the movie theater.C) In a meeting room. D) At the office.3. W: I understand you’ve got some trouble with one of your teeth?M: Y es, the pain’s killing me.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?A ) In the dining room. B) In the dormitory.C) At the mechanic’s. D) At the clinic.4. W: Let’s see what the in-flight entertainment will be.M: I’d rather look at the menu. I’m starved.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?A) In a plane. B) On a train.C) In a hotel. D) In a restaurant.5. W: I say, they’re offering a 90% discount on shoes.M: Watch out! That means the sale price is 90% of the usual price.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?A) At the cinema. B) At the store.C) At the reception desk (前台).D) At home.6. Directions: Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose theappropriate answers.1. W: How do you like your new computer?M: I’ve just put it together, but I really haven’t tried to use it yet.Q: What does the man mean?A) He has found something wrong with the new computer.B) He has used his new computer for writing his paper.C) He has just assembled (安装) the computer.D) He is tired of using this new computer.2. W: The bookstore has run out of the textbook assigned by Professor Martin.M: He didn’t expect so many students to take his class this semester.Q: What can we know from this situation?A) Professor Martin didn’t order enough textbooks for his students.B) Professor Martin didn’t want so many students in his class.C) The students were supposed to buy the textbook earlier.D) The bookstore is going out of business.3. W: It takes too much time to cook; I wish I had more time to study.M: Why don’t you eat at the university cafeteria? It’s not too expensive.Q: What does the man suggest?A) Buying less expensive food.B) Dining at the cafeteria (自助餐厅).C) Cooking more simply.D) Studying harder.4. W: How’s your class going?M: Terrible. It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand.Q: How does the man feel about the class?A) He thinks the professor has an accent (口音).B) He thinks the professor talks too quietly.C) He wishes the professor would talk more.D) He doesn’t always understand the professor.5. M: Shall we eat lunch out today?W: Only if we split the bill.Q: What does the woman want to do?A) She wants to pay the bill.B) She wants the man to pay.C) She wants to pay for her meal.D) She wants Bill to pay for the meal.7. Directions: Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decidewhether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to thestory you have heard.administer 实施annual 一年一次的physical 体检Doc doctor的口语简称ponder 思索,考虑tone 口气in advance 预先T 1. The man came to see the doctor for a yearly physical.T 2. The man complained of (主诉) his mental problem.T 3. The man was so forgetful that he could not remember his own name.T 4. The doctor took the man’s complaint seriously and pondered an effective treatment.T 5. The doctor worried about his failure to receive the man’s payment of his fee (诊费).Tape script:The man looked a little worried when the doctor came in to administer his annual physical, so the first thing the doctor did was to ask whether anything was troubling him.“Well, to tell the truth, Doc, yes,” answered the patient. “Y ou see, I seem to be getting forgetful. I’m never sure I can remember where I put the car, or whether I answered a letter, or where I’m going, or what it is I’m going to do once I get there —if I get there. So, I really need your help. What can I do?”The doctor pondered for a moment, then answered in his kindest tone, “Pay me in advance.”8. Directions: Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missingwords. The talk is given twice.The new inmate (住院者) at the mental hospital announced in a loud voice that he was the famous British naval (海军的) hero, Lord Nelson. This was particularly interesting because the institution already had a “Lord Nelson.”The head psychiatrist (精神病医生), after due (充分的) consideration, decided to put the two men in the same room, feeling that the similarity of their delusions (错觉) might promote an adjustment in each that could help in curing them.It was a calculated (成败参半的) risk, of course, for the two men might react violently to one another, but they were introduced and then left alone and no disturbance was heard from the room that night.The next morning, the doctor had a talk with his new patient and was more than pleasantly surprised when he was told, “Doctor, I’ve been suffering from a delicious.I know now for a fact that I am not Lord Nelson.”“That’s wonderful,” said the doctor. “Who are you?”Smiling coyly (羞答答地), the patient replied, “I’m Lady Nelson.”9. Directions: Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questionsorally.1. What does the new inmate announce in a loud voice?He announced that he was the famous British naval hero, Lord Nelson.2. What did the head psychiatrist decide to do?He decided to put the two men in the same room.3. What happened that night?No disturbance was heard from the room that night.4. What did the doctor do the next morning?He had a talk with the new inmate.5. What did the new patient say?He said that he had been suffering from a delicious and he was not Lord Nelson, but Lady Nelson.10 Directions: Explore a response to the question given below.Is the making of an apology well practiced among college students?。

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大学综合教程英语2听力原文听力:一:Famous universities are located all over the world.and they attract students from all over the world ,too.Oxford and Cambridge are the two oldest universities in Britain with a history of Oxford dating back to 1100s.Princeton was established in 1746 and is located in Priceton,New jersey,a state on the east coast of America,MIT began in 1861 and is located in another eastern state ,Massachusetts.Stanford is a famous university in California.In 1891,Mr.and Mrs.Leland Stanford wanted to establish a university in the west where young men and young women could earn a degree.They donated many acres of land to the establishment of Stanford.It is one the largest campuses in America today.Harvard is the oldest university in America surrounded by many historic buildings with an atmosphere of American history.Students attending Harvard have more than 40 areas of undergraduate studies to choose from.There are schools of medicine,business,design,law,public health,public policy,to 9. Name a few.First year students,called freshmen,are required to live on campus.Sophomres and upper classmen can choose off campus living in an apartment of a house.There are many activities can participate in from music to student government.二:What kind of job are you looking for?The classified ads are a good place to begin a search for employment.They are a great resource to learn about what companies look for inemployees and offer a little information about the company as well.Applying and interviewing for a job requires skills worth developing.Being able to identify one`s strengths,effectively communicating with confidence,having a desire to learn more about the different,and displaying enthusiasm can sometimes make up for inexperience,As you look at the pictures,think about the different qualifications each profession or vocation requires,Aconstruction worker,a waiter and a farmer may not need higher education or a doctor ,but each job is important in society.While becoming a teacher requires a minimum of four years study at a university,teaching entails constant learning.Understanding deeply the subject matter being taught and discovering the learning of students are just two areas of importance for teachers/Many studies continus to research how to effectively teach and how to teach students to effectively learn .In one way or another ,we are all teachers.三:Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big business in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you bought clothes. You probably noticed the varirty of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choose from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our senses. Butproducts aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as consumers , we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare products and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. Coupons are also a form of advertising. Sometimes fast food is tempting because a coupon is offered, even though there are more healthy choices for eating. The good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make deasions and refine their choices.In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Their purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads cause individuals to take action and even save lives. pollution in America, for example has been reduced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provides "Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught their children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected generations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter.四:Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time. The tornado and forest fire destroy natural resources , homes and other structures, and very often harm or kill people. Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes fall from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are, they seem to bring out the best in human nature. People trained in emergencycare arrive at the scene and begin assisting the injured. Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men, women, and young people willingly come to the scene of an accident hoping to be of help in some way. These selfless acts of eases make our world a better place. Compassion eases the wounds of calamities.American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JFK Airport in New York in November, 2001. witnesses saw an engine fire develop on the plane's number one engine located under the left wing of the crashed into . Seconds later, the airliner aboard eight homes, completely destroying four of them. All 260 people loss the airplane were killed along with six people at the crash site, leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved ones. The residents (people who live in the area of the crash) rallied together to comfort those grieving, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up.五:Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers.Bill Gates began at age 13 to program computers. His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of Microsoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975.The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is, "Change before you have to." He believes in leading by example and encourages his employees to do their best everyday.Michael Jordan said, "I accept failure , but I can't accept not trying." He is one of the best athletes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements , and pleasant personality have made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time playing basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team. Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet.Celine Dion came from humble beginnings in a rural French Canadian town in Canada. The youngest of fourteen children, her voice is internationally known on such soundtracks as Beauty and the Beast and Titanic.Ronaldo is Brazil's greatest talent in soccer since Pele. He began his professional career in the season 90-91, playing for the Social Ramos Club. FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) voted him best player of the year in both 1996 and 1997.In 2002,he won the Golden Shoe Award of the FIFA World Cup with 8 goals scored.。

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