翻译硕士名词解释词条教学内容

绝对翻译absolute translation摘要翻译abstract translation滥译abusive translation可接受性acceptibility准确accuracy译者行动translatorial action充分性adequacy改编adaptation调整adjustment美学诗体翻译aesthetic-poetic translation 经纪人agent类同形式analogical form分析analysis感染型文本applied focused-texts应用翻译研究applied translation studies 古词废词archaism元译素architranseme关于范围的翻译理论area-restricted theories of translation 听觉媒介型文本audio-medial texts委托commission自动翻译automatic translation自立幅度autonomy spectrum自译autotranslation逆转换back-transformation关于范围的翻译理论back-translation双边传译bilateral interpreting双语语料库bilingual corporal双文本bi-text空位blank spaces无韵体翻译blank verse translation借用borrowing仿造calque机助翻译MAT范畴转换category shift词类转换class shift贴近翻译close translation连贯coherence委托commission传意负荷communication load传意翻译communicative translation社群传译community interpreting对换commutation可比语料库comparable corpora补偿compensation能力competence成分分析componential analysis机器辅助翻译MAT一致性concordance会议传译conference interpreting接续传译consecutive interpreting建构性翻译常规constitutive translational conventions派生内容的形式content-derivative form重内容文本content-focused texts语境一致contextual consistency受控语言controlled language常规conventions语料库corpora可修正性correctability对应correspondence法庭传译court interpreting隐型翻译covert translation跨时翻译理论cross-temporal theories of translation 文化途径cultural approach文化借用cultural borrowing文化替换cultural substitution文化翻译cultural translation文化移植cultural transplantation文化置换cultural transposition区分度degree of differentiation翻译定义definitions of translation描写翻译研究descriptive translation studies图表翻译diagrammatic translation对话传译dialogue interpreting说教忠信didactic fidelity直接翻译direct translation翻译方向direction of translation消解歧义disambiguation关于话语类型的翻译理论discourse type-restricted theories of translation文献型翻译documentary translation归化翻译domesticating translation配音dubbing动态性dynamics动态对等dynamic equivalence动态忠信dynamic fidelity用功模式effort models借用borrowing种族学翻译enthnographic translation翻译的种族语言学模式enthnolinguistic model of translation 非目标接受者excluded receiver诠释性翻译exegetic translation诠释忠信exegetical fidelity异国情调exoticism期望规范expectancy norms明示explicitation表情型文本expressive texts外部转移external transfer外来形式extraneous form忠实faithfulness假朋友false friends假翻译fictitious translation贴近coherence异化翻译foreignizing translation派生形式的形式form-derivative forms重形式文本content-focused texts形式对应formal correspondence形式对等formal equivalence前向转换forward transformation自由译free translation全文翻译total translation功能取向翻译研究function-oriented translation studies 功能对等function equivalence空隙gaps宽泛化generalization宽泛化翻译generalizing translation要旨翻译gist translation释词翻译gloss translation成功success目的语goal languages语法分析grammatical analysis语法置换grammatical transposition字形翻译graphological translation诠释步骤hermeneutic motion对应层级hierarchy of correspondences历史忠信historical fidelity同音翻译homophonic translation音素翻译phonemic translation横向翻译horizontal translation超额信息hyperinformation同一性identity地道翻译idomatic translation地道性idomaticity不确定性indeterminacy间接翻译indirect translation翻译即产业过程translation as industrial process 信息负荷information load信息提供information offer信息型文本informative texts初始规范initial norms工具型翻译instrumental translation整合翻译integral translation跨文化合作intercultural cooperation中间语言interlanguage隔行翻译interlineal translation逐行翻译interlinear translation语际语言interlingua语际翻译interlingual translation中介翻译intermediate translation内部转移internal transfer解释interpretation传译interpreting翻译释意理论interpretive theory of translation 符际翻译intersemiotic translation互时翻译intertemporal translation 语内翻译intralingual translation 系统内转换intra-system shift不变量invariant不变性invariance逆向翻译inverse translation隐形invisibility核心kernel关键词翻译keyword translation 贴近coherence可核实性verifiability可修正性correctability空缺voids层次转换level shift词汇翻译lexical translation联络传译liaison interpreting普遍语言lingua universalis语言学途径linguistic approach语言对等linguistic equivalence语言翻译linguistic translation语言创造性翻译linguistically creative translation 字面翻译literal translation直译法literalism借译load translation原素logeme逻各斯logos低地国家学派low countries groups忠诚loyalty机助翻译MAT机器翻译machine translation操纵manipulation操纵学派manipulation school图谱mapping矩阵规范matricial norms中继翻译mediated translation中介语言mediating language词译metaphrase元诗metapoem元文本metatext韵律翻译metrical translation模仿形式mimetic form最小最大原则minimax principle 小众化minoritizing translation调整modification调适modulation语义消歧semantic disambiguation 多语语料库multilingual corpora多媒介型文本multi-medial texts 多阶段翻译multiple-stage texts变异mutation自然性naturalness必要区分度necessary degree of differentiation 负面转换negative shift无遗留原则no leftover principle规范norms必要对等语obligatory equivalents曲径翻译oblique translation观察型接受者observational receiver信息提供information offer操作模式operational models操作规范operational norms运作型文本operative texts可换对等语optional equivalents有机形式organic form重合翻译overlapping translation显型翻译overt translation范式对等paradigmatic equivalence平行语料库parallel corpora释词paraphrase局部翻译理论partial theories of translation部分重合翻译partially-overlapping translation 参与型接受者particularizing receiver具体化翻译particularizing translation赞助patronage运用performance音素翻译phonemic translation音位翻译phonological translation中枢语言pivot language译诗为文poetry into prose争辩式翻译polemical translation多元系统理论polysystem theory译后编辑post-editing译前编辑pre-editing语用途径pragmatic approach精确度degree of precision预先规范preliminary norms规定翻译研究prescriptive theories of translation首级翻译primary translation关于问题的翻译理论problem-restrained theories of translation 成品取向翻译研究product-oriented studies of translation过程取向翻译研究process-oriented studies of translation专业规范professional norms散文翻译prose translation前瞻式翻译prospective translation抗议protest原型文本prototext伪翻译psedotranslation公共服务传译public service interpreting纯语言pure language原始翻译radical translation级阶受限翻译rank-bound translation关于级阶的翻译理论rank-restricted theories of translation读者取向机器翻译reader-oriented machine translation 独有特征realia接受语receptor language重构式翻译translation with reconstructions冗余redundancy折射refraction规约性翻译常规regulative translational conventions转接传译relay interpreting知识库要素repertoreme变换措词rephrasing阻抗resistancy受限翻译restricted translation重组restructuring转译retranslation后瞻式翻译retrospective translation换词rewording换声revoicing重写rewrtiting韵体翻译rhymed translation翻译科学science of translation目的论scopos theory二级翻译second-hand translation二手翻译secondary translation选译selective translation自译self translation语义消歧semantic disambiguation语义翻译semantic translation语义空缺semantic voids意义理论theory of sense意对意翻译sense-for-sense translation 序列翻译serial translation服务翻译service translation转换shifts视译sight translation手语传译signed language translation同声传译simultaneous interpreting源语source language源文本source text源文本取向翻译研究source text-oriented translation studies 具体化specification结构转换structure shift文体对等stylistic equivalence子语言sublanguage配字幕substituting成功success超额翻译overtranslation组合对等syntagmatic equivalence系统system有声思维记录think-aloud protocols目标语target language目标文本target texts目标文本取向翻译研究target text-oriented translation studies术语库term banks术语terminology文本类型学text typology文本素texteme关于文本类型的翻译理论text type-restricted theories of translation 文本对等textual equivalence文本规范textual norms理论翻译研究theoretical translation studies意义理论theory of sense增量翻译thick translation有声思维记录think aloud protocols第三语码third code第三语言third language关于时域的翻译理论temporal-restricted theories of translation完全翻译total translation巴别塔tower of babel注音transcription译素transeme转移transfer转移取向翻译研究transfer-oriented translation studies 迁移transference转换transformation可译性translatability笔译translation翻译与博弈理论translation and the theory of games翻译即抉择translation as decision-making翻译即产业过程translation as industrial process翻译对等translation equivalence翻译研究translation studies翻译理论translation theory翻译单位translation unit翻译普遍特征translation universals重构式翻译translation with reconstructions翻译对等translation equivalence 翻译体translationese翻译学translatology译者行动translatorial action音译transliteration符际转化transmutation置换transposition不受限翻译unbounded translation 欠额翻译undertranslation翻译单位translation unit单位转换unit shift不可译性untranslatability词语一致verbal consistency可核实性correctability改本改译version纵向翻译vertical translation空缺voids耳语传译whispered interpreting词对词翻译word- for-word translation作者取向翻译机器reader-oriented machine translation。