英美概论 考试复习题
英美概况总复习题目汇总
英美概况总复习题目汇总1. What are the functions of the Bank of England?Answer: Britain's central bank, working in close contact with the government for the control of monetary policy and for giving directives to commercial banks. It is the only note issuing bank in England and Wales. It is also responsible for keeping the exchange rate of British Pound against other currencies within certain limits by operating an Exchange Equalization Account.2. Which are the major political parties now in Britain?Answer: Although there are so many different parties in the United Kingdom, British politics is after all a battle between Conservative and Labor.The Conservative Party believes firmly in private enterprises and free competition. But it did not undo the social legislations passed by the Labor Government. The Labor Party, which is in power now, has traditionally drawn support from the trade unions. It has embraced socialist ideas, supported governmental control of important industries and advocated more equal distribution of the wealth.Among some the key issues around which are the two parties fight are foreign policy and economic policy. Pro-Americanism is thus at the center of British foreign policy for both Conservative and Labor governments, though the opposition always accuses the party in power of being too pro-American.The battle between the two parties over economic policy centers on nationalization and privatization. The Conservatives have been very firm in their belief in free-trade and market economy, while the Labor Party, owing to its socialist origin, has always emphasized the importance of governmentinvolvement in the national economy and the role of the state as provider of welfare benefits to citizens.3. What is a welfare state?Answer: The welfare state includes Stoical Security, the National Health Service, the Housing Program, education, and personal services.4. As the Head of State, does the monarch exercise political powers?Answer: The monarch played an active role in making political decisions, but now the monarch functions only as the symbol of the country's unity and formal Head of State.5. Which branch of the Parliament plays a more important role in the law-marking process? Why?Answer: The most important function of the House of Commons is to make laws, known as Act of Parliament. Although both houses are involved in the law making process, the House of Commons has primacy axation Andover the House of Lords, especially in the processing of "money bills" that concern t public expenditure.6. What’s the relationship between the Parliament and the Cabinet in UK?Answer: Parliament is the law-making body of the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the majority party in Parliament. After each general election, the monarch would ask the leader of the winning party to be the Prime Minister and form a new Cabinet. The Cabinet is at the center of the British political system. It is the supreme decision-making body in British government. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from members of his own political party in Parliament.7. How many stages is education in the U.K divided into and what are they?Answer: primary, secondary, further education, higher education.8. What are the basic characteristics of British foreign policy after World Wall П?Answer: After World Wall П, Britain adopted an isolationist policy toward Europe but cooperated very closely with the United States in the Cold War.9. Which river is the longest in Canada?Answer: Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada.10. What religion is the most dominant in Canada?Answer: Roman Catholicism.11. What are the indigenous people of Canada?Answer: They are the Indians and the Intuits12. What are the most important sectors in the Canadian economy?Answer：The most important sectors in the Canadian economy are manufacturing industry，IT industry, chemical industry, services, minerals industry , foreign trade, forestry and forest industry, paper industry, agriculture, fishery, energy industry.13. Who were the WASPs?Answer: The WASPs were the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants from England who began to immigrate to America in 1607 and played an important role in winning America's independence from Britain.14. What are the main principles of government in the United States?Answer: The principles of federalism, the separation ofpowers and the rule of law are the main principles of government in the United States.15. What is the Bill of Rights?Answer：The Bill of Rights belong to the amendment. Amendments can be added to the Constitution when proposed by two thirds of the total members of Congress and ratified by threefourths of all the states.The first ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights which was ratified in 1791. It listed the rights of the people which the government can not deprive, including the right to freedom of speech and religion, the right to bear arms, the right to jury trial, and the right to security of person and property. The Bill of Rights has since been regarded as the fundamental protection of individual rights against arbitrary power of the government.16. How is the president of the United States elected?Answer: The president of the United States is elected for a term of four years by Electoral College. The presidential candidate who gets the majority of electoral votes becomes the president. The presidential election is a fight between the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The presidential election is done in four stages: first, each of the major party conducts state primary elections to elect delegates to the party convention. The second stage is the party conventions. The third stage is the general election. And the fourth stage is the general vote which is usually held in early November.17. How do the three branches of government check against each other?Answer: No one of the legislative, executive, judicial branches may dominate the others.18. What are the different types of institutions that providehigher education?Answer: There are universities and colleges, vocational and technical institutes.19. What are the most popular forms of American music and how did they develop?Answer: The most popular forms of American music are Jazz, rock and roll and western and country music. Music is an important part of every American’ life Americans use music, especially popular music to convey cultural and social information and to express their emotions. American popular music is often regarded as a symbol of rebellion of the youth against tradition. A famous popular music event in 1969, the Woodstock Art and Fair drew a crowd of 300000 young people .so the Young people is important factors of development.20. Why do Americans love sports?Answer:①Because Ame ricans are very conscious about health and regard outdoor activities as a way to keep healthy and fit;②Because sports are used to express their interests in keeping fit;③Because sports also allow them to engage in mass culture and occupy their leisure time.21. Why did Americans adopt a policy of neutrality at the beginning of both world wars?Answer: Because American's isolationist policy toward European, and American did not want to be involved in European entanglement and stay out of any European conflicts, since the wars too far to affect American.22. How did Australia start as a nation?Answer: Modern Australia has its origin in the 18th century when the Europeans went there. It became a national state on the first day of the 20th century. However, the Aborigine people had lived there for about 60,000 years before the Europeans got there. They were nomadic hunters and food-gatherers, living in extended family groups formed into tribes. Before the Europeans went there, their population was somewherebetween 600,000 and one million. But about to half of the population died after the Europeans got there and exposed them to diseases such as small pox and measles, againstwhich they had no immunity. This rendered the localpopulation powerless against the Europeans when the latter began to arrive in arrive in large numbers in the late 18th century.23. Who are the New Zealanders?Answer: The Maori people are natives of the New Zealander. They are Polynesian in origin and probably came to settle in New Zealand in canoes about the 9th to 13th century AD.24. When and why did the British assume authority over New Zealand?Answer: In the 1830s, the British saw it as a way to solve the English economic problem by transferring English capital and surplus labor to New Zealand and create a new English society there.25. Why has sheep been so important to New Zealand?Answer: Because wool export became the founding stone of New Zealand’s economy.26. What is the Conservative Party’s solution to the economic problems in the 1970s? Was it successful? (Answer in Page14) Answer: In 1970s the Conservative Party denationalizedmost of the industries controlled by the government for the purpose of stimulating private competition.It has achieved some success but unemployment is still high.27. What are the elements that form the national government of the United Kingdom?Answer: The British government comprises the monarch, the parliament and the executive branch led by the prime minister.28. What is the fundamental government policy for education in the United Kingdom?Answer: Compulsory for all children between the ages of 5 and 16 is the fundamental government policy for education in the United Kingdom.29. What is Tony Blair’s “the Third Way”?Answer: Tony Blair’s the “Third Way” which was different from both the old Labor Party’s commitment to the nationalization of the economy and its close relationship with the trade unions and the Conservative Party’s emphasis of extreme individualism and its rejection of community. He is committed to long term economic stability and fiscal transparency. In order to separate politics and economic policy, he made the Bank of England independent. In social policy, the Blair government changed the old Labor Pa rty’s practice of using ta x system, public expenditure and price control to reduce inequality and has put emphasis on minimum wage, and supplementing low wages. It also emphasizes individual responsibility.30. What are the differences between the Conservative Party and the Labor Party in their principles? （Chapter13: Britain in the 20th Century）Answer: The Labor Party adopted the principle of Welfare State, full employment and government control of economicdevelopment. But the Conservative Party adopted the privatization of state-owned industries and free labor market.。
新版英美概况复习习题_
新版英美概况复习习题_新版英美概况习题英国部分：一、名词解释1.The City of London2.King Harold3.The Vikings4.King Arthur5.King Alfred6.The Anglo-Saxons7.General election8.Prime minister9.Divine right of the king10.Oxbridge11.The Bill of Rights of 168912.The function of the parliament13.Different classes of Great Britain14.Elizabethan Drama15.Wuthering Heights16.Grammar schools17.tertiary industries18.The open university19.Christmas20.Football hooligans21.The invasion of the Romans22.The Great Charter/Magna Carta23.The Glorious Revolution24.the Battle of Hastings二、简答题1.The Canterbury T ales2.William Shakespeare3.relative decline of the UK economy4.Robert Burns5.Wimbledon International Tennis Championship6.Soccer7.the Easter Rising8.Robert the Bruce9.Boxing Day10.Halloween11.Robin Hood12.Union Jack13.Hereditary peers14.Easter uprisings15.The full name of the UK and the capital of each part16.The Romantic poets17.The Industrial Revolution18.Public schools19.One Hundred Years’ War20.General election21.the “Three Circles” foreign policy三、论述题1.The relation between the Queen and the government2.The establishment of the colonies of the UK3.The classes of the UK4.The relative decline of Great Britain美国部分：一、名词解释1.Puritans2.The Declaration of Independence3.George Washington4.Benjamin Franklin5.California Gold Rush6.The Bill of Rights7.Eli Whitney8.Wall Street9.an indentured servant/doc/d316531671.html,pulsory education of the USA11.Segregation Law12.Melting pot13.Michael Jordan14.The purchase of Alaska二、简答题1.The establishment of Virginia2.The Articles of Confederation3.The three branches of the American government4.The American Industrial Revolution5.James Fenimore Cooper6.Mark Twain7.American Civil War8.The New Deal9.The Lost Generation10.Ernest Hemingway11.Different kinds of American schools12.The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act13.The American Dream14.The purchase of Louisiana三、论述题1.Why the USA is called a nation of immigrants?2.The democratic system of the USA3.The American Civil War4.Why do the Americans consider sports very important in their life?5.The success of Franklin Roosevelt’s New DealMultiple Choice:1. Which of the following CANNOT be found in London?A. TeahousesB. GalleriesC. MuseumsD. Theatres2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, was built by _____.A. King HaroldB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the Conqueror3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans4. The United Kingdom is made up of _____ parts.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five5. The capital of the Scotland is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. EdinburghD. Cardiff6. The first inhabitants in England are the _____.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Danes7. The first invaders to England in 43AD were the _____.A. NormansB. VikingsC. GermansD. Romans8. King Arthur is a well-known king from the legends of the _____.A. JutesB. Anglo-SaxonsC. DanesD. Normans9. “William the Conqueror” defeated and killed the English king in the Battle of _____.A. LondonB. CalaisC. HastingsD. Canterbury10. The king who was executed in the 17th century was _____.A. William IB. Henry IC. Charles ID. George I11. The Scottish king _____ defeated the English army in theBattle of Bannockburn, leading to300 years of full independence for Scotland.A. William WallaceB. Robert the BruceC. James ID. Canute12. The leader of the republican “roundheads” was _____ who killed the king in the 17th century.A. Oliver CromwellB. Robert BurnsC. Winston ChurchillD. Robin Hood13. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A. The House of CommonsB. The House of LordsC. The Prime MinisterD. The two big parties14. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Treasure IslandD. Ivanhoe15. which of the following tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. FrankensteinC. HamletD. Sense and Sensibility16. In Britain, the greatest majority of parents send their children to _____.A. private schoolsB. public schoolsC. state schoolsD. grammar schools17. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centreD. The sports centre.18. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I19. Which of the following DID NOT belong to Romanticism?A. KeatsB. ShellyC. WordsworthD. Defoe20. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of CambridgeB. The University of OxfordC. The University of EdinburghD. The University of Buckingham21. Which of the following is NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development ofEurope?A. The growth of capitalismB. The RenaissanceC. The Religious ReformationD. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church22. The following are the founding fathers of the United States except _____.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. William PennD. Benjamin Franklin23. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of _____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution24. The following are the writers of the Declaration of Independence except _____.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin25. The man who named the American primitive people “Indians” is _____.A. Amerigo VespucciB. Christopher ColumbusC. Henry HudsonD. John Cabot26. The Seven Year’s War was fought between Britain and _____.A. SpainB. HollandC. FranceD. Portugal27. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland28. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president29. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC. The freedom of speech and of the pressD. The right of owning weapon if one wishes30. The New Deal was started by _____.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson31. The “American system” of mass production was first used in _____.A. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture32. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. bankingB. management consultationC. airlineD. steelmaking33. The United States was rated the _____ in the world in terms of land area and the size ofpopulation.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth34. In which year was the USA rated NO. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920B. 1950C. 1945D. 196035. The USA produces as much as half of the world’s _____.A. wheat and riceB. cottonC. tobacco and vegetable oilD. soybeans and corn36. The latest technology that the American farmers have adopted is _____.A. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers37. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Natty BumppoC. Washington IrvingD. Rip Van Winkle38. Which of the following was written by James Fenimore Cooper?A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC. The Masque of the Red DeathD. Moby Dick39. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education40. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmastersD. boards of education41. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _____.A. investmentB. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding42. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot?A. Mark TwainB. Stephen CraneC. Henry JamesD. Israel Zangwill43. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s main concern?A. health careB. personal freedomC. material wealthD. social justice44. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. the US militaryB. the US entertainment industryC. the US film industryD. the US education sector45. Niagara Falls is located in the State of _____.A. New YorkB. VirginiaC. North CarolinaD. South California46. If you visit Alaska, you can see the following except _____.A. northern Polar LightB. glaciersC. surfersD. caribou47. The Everglades, du bbed with the name of “the River of Grass”, is _____ containing a largecollection of wildlife.A. a green riverB. a deep valleyC. a subtropical wetlandsD. a small island48. Michael Jordan is a famous player of _____.A. footballB. basketballC. baseballD. tennis49. Ronald Reagan used to be a _____.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer50. Which of the following remarks is NOT true about Hawaii?A. Hawaii is made up of a large group of big and small islandsB. There are numerous active volcanoes in HawaiiC. More than 40 percent of the local residents in Hawaii are American AsiansD. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941Fill in the blanks:1.The United Kingdom consists of __________, __________, __________, and _____________.2.The English language has three stages in its history. They are _______________,_______________, _______________.3.The novel Robinson Crusoe was written by____________________.4.The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from_______, not from _________.5.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ______ and its party leaderbecomes_______.6.Normally a government of the United Kingdom can be in power for____years, and then it hasto resign and hold a general election.7.The “Jewel in the Crown”of the British Empire____, which provided _______ and a bigmarket for British goods, gained independence in 1947.8.Since 1945, the UK has experienced ______ decline rather than _____ decline./doc/d316531671.html, two of the tragedies written by William Shakespeare:___________________, _____________________.10.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel __________________and ____________________ which are largely the love stories ofa woman for a man.11.The author of Ivanhoe was _______________, Charles Dickens novel ___________________tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.12.The two oldest universities in Britain are _________________ and _____________________.13.American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.They were______, _______, and _______./doc/d316531671.html, two of the taxes imposed on North American colonies by the British Parliament on theeve of the American Revolution: ___________________ and ___________________.15.After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called______, and theagreement that guided the government was________.16.A federal system is one in which power is shared between______ and______with some rightsreserved to each.17.Two major political parties in the USA are_______ and _______.18.The best-known stock exchange is________ located in________ area of New York City.19._______ and ___________ are the two major writers of the post-revolutionary period./doc/d316531671.html, two of Ernest Hemingway’s famous novels: ____________________________, and ___________________________________________.21.About 90% of the American students go to ___________ schools and 10% attend_______________ schools.22.In the Declaration of Independence (1776), Thomas Jefferson wrote the classic words whichwere widely acclaimed as the traditional values by all Americans, they are: “_____, _____, _________”.23.By the 1960s, the Foreign Service began to recruit its members through a highly competitivetest open to all, regardless of______, ______, and________.。
英美法概论期末考试复习
一，Remedies precede rights (程序先于救济)：所谓“程序先于权利”，即一项权利能否得到保护，首先要看当事人所选择的程序是否正确，如果程序出现错误，其权利就得不到保护。
即使该权利有实体法上的根据，也无法获得救济。
二，stare decisis （遵循先例）遵循先例原则是判例法的一个基本原则，它是判例法得以形成的基础。
遵循先例原则的基本含义就是，包含在以前判决中的法律原则对以后同类案件有约束力，具体说就是高级法院的判决对下级法院处理同类案件有约束力，同一法院的判决对其以后的同类案件的判决具有约束力。
即指以前判决中的法律原则对以后同类案件具有约束力。
具有使法律更稳定和可预见性及提高司法效率的意义。
Constitution宪法Article1 Legislative Powers本宪法所规定的立法权，全属合众国的国会，国会由一个参议院和一个众议院组成Article2 Executive Powers行政权力赋予美利坚合众国总统。
总统任期四年，总统和具有同样任期的副总统，应照下列手续选举Article3 Judicial Powers合众国的司法权属於一个最高法院以及由国会随时下令设立的低级法院。
最高法院和低级法院的法官，如果尽忠职守，应继续任职，并按期接受俸给作为其服务之报酬，在其继续任职期间，该项俸给不得削减宪法修正案amendments公民享有表达集会的自由无正当程序不得剥夺他人生命自由财产……14th正常程序平等保护权Fundamental Principles基本原则Federalism 联邦制Necessary and Proper Clause国会为了行使上述各项权力定一切必要的和适当的法律。
Powers of the states 【10th Amendments】residual state power宪法未授予合众国也为禁止各州形式的权利由各州各自保留或由人民保留Separation of powers, checks and balances 分权制衡Separationchecks and balances国会弹劾行政官员包括总统法官及总统的否决总统：否决权提名权：大使最高法院的法官在参议院同意下任命参议院官员法院：司法审查审查国会立法及总统同意的法律是否违宪Judicial Review司法审查/违宪审查基于制衡原则而由一司法管辖区的法院所行使的司法权，用以判断行政机构和立法机构制定的法律或者规章制度是否符合宪法的机制。
大一英美概况试题及答案
大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。
英美概括试题
英美概况试题 一. 单项选择题 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first Amendments to the Constitution.A. tenB. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen 2. The President of the United StAtes is heAd of the BrAnch.A. legislAtiveB. executive c. judiciAl d. pArty 3. The EmAncipAtion ProclAmAtion wAs issued By during the Civil WAr.A. George WAshingtonB. ABrAhAm Lincolnc. ThomAs Jeffersond. FrAnklin Roosevelt 4. The 1920s in the United StAtes hAs Been descriBed As A period of .A. culturAl revivAlB. loss of purpose c. development in science And technology d. mAteriAl success And spirituAl frustrAtion 5. It wAs who first cAlled NAtive AmericAns “IndiAns”.A. LincolnB. ColumBus c. WAshington d. Jefferson 6. The United StAtes did not join the Second World WAr directly untilA. GreAt DepressionB. PeArl HArBor incidentc. the JApAnese AttAck on ChinAd. the GermAn AttAck on PolAnd 7. When we speAk of “fAther of wAters” or “old mAn river”，we Are referring to . A. the ColorAdo River B . the Ohio Riverc. the Missouri Riverd. the Mississippi River 8. Celts were different groups of Ancient people who cAme originAlly from .A. FrAnceB. DenmArk c. IrelAnd d. GermAny 9. The DeclArAtion of Independence wAs Adopted By the ContinentAl Congress on July 4， .A. First/1774B. First /1776 c. Second/1774 d. Second/1776 10. The British recorded history Begins with .A. the ArrivAl And settlement of CeltsB. the NormAn Conquestc. RomAn invAsiond. Viking And DAnish invAsions 11. The predecessor of the English pArliAment is .A. the GreAt councilB. the WitAnc. the House of PlAntAgenetd. MAgnA CArtA 12. Civil Rights Movement hAppened in .A. the 1960sB. the 1950s c. the 1940s d. the 1930s 13. The ，the BAckBone of the North AmericAn continent，is Also known As the ContinentAl Divide.A. AppAlAchiAnsB. Rockiesc. Blue Ridge MountAinsd. GreAt Smokies 14. To help the British EAst IndiA CompAny out of difficulty，the British government Allowed the compAny to sell At A lower price in the colonies through its own people.A. coffeeB. spice c. silk d. teA 15. ABout hAlf of the BritAin’s trAde is with .A. the United StAtesB. South-eAst AsiAc. the ECd. the LAtin AmericA 16. The House of Commons consists of MemBers of PArliAment.A. 651B. 1，200 c. 1，198 d. 763 17. Most AmericAns lived in .A. city AreAsB. countryside c. mountAin AreAs d. river vAlleys 18. The British PArliAment hAs A mAximum durAtion of yeArs.A. fourB. six c. eight d. five 19. Of the five GreAt LAkes on the Border Between CAnAdA And the United StAtes， is the only one entirely in the U. S.A. LAke HuronB. LAke OntArio c. LAke MichigAn d. LAke Erie 20. The ChArtist Movement wAs officiAlly lAunched AtA greAt meeting in BirminghAm in ，with the Aim of pressing the PArliAment to Accept the People’s ChArter.A. 1836B. 1838 c. 1840 d. 1842 二.是非题 ReAd the following stAtements cArefully And decide if eAch of them is True or FAlse：（20 points） （）1. The Articles of ConfederAtion is the oldest written constitution in the world. （）2. AmericA is A nAme given By ColumBus. （）3. The United Kingdom is A federAl，not A unitAry stAte. （）4. The Anglo-SAxon Conquest wAs importAnt in English history BecAuse it lAid the foundAtion on which the English nAtion wAs to Be formed. （）5. To the west of GreAt BritAin is the second lArgest islAnd known As ScotlAnd. （）6. The checks And BAlAnce system in AmericA wAs BAsed on division of power. （）7. London，the cApitAl of the UK，is situAted on the Severn River neAr its mouth. （）8. The GreAt ChArter wAs signed in 1215 By King John. （）9. JAmes I wAs the king who wAs executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. （）10. The ChArtist Movement finAlly succeeded And it constituted A glorious pAge in the history of the workers’ struggle for liBerAtion. （）11. GrAmmAr schools emphAsize AcAdemic studies And teAch A wide rAnge of suBjects. （）12. MemBers of PArliAment （MPs）Are those who inherit the noBle titles. （）13. British people chose FrAnklin Roosevelt As Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II Broke out. （）14. Henry VII wAs responsiBle for the founding the Church of EnglAnd. （）15. The destruction of the SpAnish ArmAdA not only estABlished the position of EnglAnd As A mAjor seA power But Also pAved the wAy for its foreign expAnsion. （）16. It wAs the Angles who gAve their nAme to EnglAnd And the English people. （）17. The first successful English colony in North AmericA wAs plAnted in VirginiA in 1620. （）18. The WArs of the Roses Affected the ordinAry people very much. （）19. The Queen formAlly Appoints All government office holders except the Prime Minister. （）20. The Hundred YeAr’s WAr refers to the intermittent wAr Between FrAnce And EnglAnd thAt lAsted from 1337 to 1453. 三. 名词解释 ExplAin the following terms in English：（20 points） 1. The GreAt Depression 2. IndustriAl Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. BlAck DeAth 5. AmericAn Constitution 四. 简答题 Give An one-sentence Answer to eAch of the following questions. （10 points） 1. When wAs the Second WAr with EnglAnd in AmericAn history？ 2. WhAt Are the two mAjor politicAl pArties in BritAin？ 3. WhAt is the generAl climAte in BritAin？ 4. Which AmericAn president wAs involved in WAtergAte AffAir？ 5. WhAt is the most importAnt river in BritAin？ 五.论述题 Write Between 100-150 words on the following topic：（10 points） NormAn Conquest And its influence？答案 一. 1~5 ABBdB 6~10 Bdddc 11~15 AABdc 16~20AAdcB 二. 1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三. 1.On OctoBer 24，1929，the AmericAn stock mArket crAshed. Billions of dollArs of pAper profits werewiped out within A few hours. This led to A long economic depression. 2. The IndustriAl Revolution refers to the mechAnizAtion of industry And the consequences in sociAl And economic orgAnizAtion in BritAin in the lAte 18th And eArly 19th centuries. BritAin wAs the first country to industriAlize. The IndustriAl Revolution in BritAin first BegAn in the textile industry. 3. Since the United StAtes is A nAtion of mAny ethnic groups，it is Also known As A “melting pot，” meAning immigrAnts from different nAtions All over the world hAve mixed to mAke up the AmericAn nAtion. 4. BlAck DeAth wAs the modern nAme given to the deAdly BuBonic plAgue，An epidemic diseAse spreAd By rAt fleAs. It spreAd through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through EnglAnd in the summer of 1348 without wArning. It killed mAny people. As A result of the plAgue，much lAnd wAs left untended And there wAs A terriBle shortAge of lABor. 5. The Constitution of the United StAtes is the BAsic instrument of AmericAn government And the supreme lAw of the lAnd. It is the oldest written constitution in theworld. It wAs drAwn up in 1787 And went into effect in 1789. It founded federAlism And introduced checks And BAlAnces into government for the first time in history. 四. 1. The Second WAr Between AmericA And EnglAnd wAs during 1812~1814. 2. The two mAjor politicAl pArties in BritAin Are ConservAtive PArty And LABor PArty. 3. BritAin enjoys mAritime climAte. 4. RichArd Nixon wAs involved in WAtergAte ScAndAl. 5. The most importAnt river in BritAin is ThAmes River. 五. In 1066 the Army of WilliAm，Duke of NormAndy，defeAted King HArold’s troops. He wAs crowned King of EnglAnd. He then Built A string of defense cAstle ensure his militAry control of the whole country. This is the NormAn Conquest in British history. After the NormAn Conquest，WilliAm the Conqueror confiscAted Almost All the lAnd And gAve it to his NormAn followers. He replAced the weAk SAxon rule with A strong NormAn government. So the feudAl system wAs completely estABlished，EnglAnd. RelAtions with the Continent were opened. ThecivilizAtion And commerce were extended. NormAn-French culture，lAnguAge，mAnners，And Architecture ere introduced.。
英美概论考试练习题
- 1 -《英美概况》习题集英国部分Part I GeographyI. Multiple Choice1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. Scotland5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18018. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England9.11. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. bothA and B23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. EnglandII. Fill in the Blanks1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.Part II HistoryI. Multiple Choice1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three times2. King Arthur was the king of _____.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turnof the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B11. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103516. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165321. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in naturea _____.A. coup d’etatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster45. Under Elizabeth I _____ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman ChurchB. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _____.A. CromwellB. Charles IC. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria58. The Victorian Age was over the _____ began.A. Edwardian AgeB. Georgian AgeC. Elizabethan Age60. The Great Charter was essentially a _____.A. Culture MovementB. colonial documentC. feudal documentIII. Explain the Following Terms1. The Norman Conquest2. The Glorious RevolutionIV. Answer the Following Questions1. What, in your opinion, are the main causes for the slow growth of Britain’s economy since the Second World War?3. What importance did King Alfred hold in British history?Part III CultureI. Multiple Choice3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. local4. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school.A. grammarB. technicalC. secondary modern8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.A. oldB. newC. Scottish13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16is _____.A. optionalB. compulsoryC. self-taught48. _____ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.A. WhitehallB. St. Paul’s CathedralC. Westminster Abbey49. _____ is the monarch’s present London home.A. Westminster PalaceB. Buckingham PalaceC. Whitehall PalacePart V Political SystemI. Multiple Choice1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15th6. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.A. fourB. sixC. five11. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British government.A. CabinetB. Privy CouncilC. Crown15. The president (or head) of the House of Lordsin Britain is _____.A. Lord ChancellorB. SpeakerC. Prime minister17. It is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.A. Prime MinisterB. Lord PresidentC. Speaker21. The following persons except _____ have no right to vote.A. certified lunatics (mentally illed person)B. criminalsC. government employeesD. peers who have seats in the LordsIII. Explain the Following Terms1. The Cabinet2. The SpeakerIV. Answer the Following Questions1. Can you say something about the English Monarchy?2. Which are the major parties in Britain? What are the characteristics of them?美国部分Part II. Multiple Choice3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades MountainsIV. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy. Part II HistoryI. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado6. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 171411. The Constitutional Convention was held in1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 181632. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.A. blacksB. IndiansC. progressive people III. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward MovementIV. Answer the Following Questions1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process andsignificance.Part III CultureI. Multiple Choice1. The popular kind of family in America is _____ family.A. nucleusB. looseC. largeD. blend17. American Independence Day fall on _____.A. the 4th of JulyB. October 31stC. March 20th18. Halloween is a _____.A. summer festivalB. night-time festivalC. sweethearts’ holidayD. pilgrims holiday IV. Answer the Following Questions1. What day in the US is the birthday of the nation?2. Who was Martin Luther King?4. What does Easter Sunday celebrate?Part V Political SystemI. Multiple Choice1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. President2. The general election in America is held every _____ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 3A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress6. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____.A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitutionE. the rule of law7. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executiveIV. Answer the Following Questions1. What is the role of the US congress?。
英美概况试题及答案考研
英美概况试题及答案考研一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 纽约C. 巴黎D. 柏林答案：A2. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A3. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 人民币答案：C4. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月16日D. 11月11日答案：A二、填空题1. 英国的全称是________。
答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2. 美国的总统任期为________年。
答案：43. 英国的国花是________。
答案：玫瑰4. 美国的国花是________。
答案：玫瑰三、简答题1. 简述英国的地理位置。
答案：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北部，由大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛的北部分、以及周边的许多小岛组成。
2. 描述美国的政治体制。
答案：美国是一个联邦制国家，实行三权分立的政治体制，包括行政、立法和司法三个独立的分支。
四、论述题1. 分析英国和美国文化的主要差异。
答案：英国和美国文化的主要差异体现在语言、饮食、教育、法律和娱乐等方面。
例如，英国人更倾向于保守和传统的价值观，而美国人则更加自由和个人主义。
在饮食上，英国人喜欢传统的英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱快餐文化。
2. 讨论英美两国在国际事务中的作用。
答案：英国和美国在国际事务中扮演着重要的角色。
英国是联合国安全理事会的常任理事国之一，对全球政治和经济有着深远的影响。
美国作为世界上最大的经济体，其外交政策和军事行动对全球安全和稳定有着显著的影响。
英美概论 考试复习题
The Society & Culture of Major English-speaking Countries英语国家社会与文化The UK1. What are the four nations which make up of the UK?这四个国家是什么构成的英国吗England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland2. The UK maintain links with its former colonial countries through a loose andvoluntary organization called ___________.英国保持联系前殖民国家通过宽松、自愿组织称British Commonwealth英联邦3. But more important today to consider modern Britain’s role in its internationalrelations is to emphasize its role as a member of _____但更重要的是今天考虑现代英国年代作用的国际关系是强调其角色的成员European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟4. What are the main religions in the UK? 什么是主要宗教在英国吗Anglicanism (英国国教), Catholicism天主教；天主教义, Christianism耶稣教；基督教, and others (e.g. Islam).5. British history has been a history of invasions. Can you list the invaders fromthe first to the last? 英国的历史上一直是侵略的历史。
你能列举侵略者从第一行到最后一行吗Rome Empire →Germanic peoples: the Anglo-Saxon →Vikings from northern Europe →Normans from northern France罗马帝国日耳曼人:盎格鲁-萨克逊维京人从北欧诺曼人从法国北部6. Who were the forefathers of the English?他们的先辈的英语吗Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊7. Who is King Arthur? Why do the contemporary English people think of KingArthur as their hero?谁是亚瑟王呢?为什么当代英国人觉得亚瑟王的英雄吗A great leader in a English legend derives from the fifth century AD. It is said thathe united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur.一个伟大的领袖,在英国传说中来自第五世纪广告。
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The Society & Culture of Major English-speaking Countries英语国家社会与文化The UK1. What are the four nations which make up of the UK?这四个国家是什么构成的英国吗England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland2. The UK maintain links with its former colonial countries through a loose andvoluntary organization called ___________.英国保持联系前殖民国家通过宽松、自愿组织称British Commonwealth英联邦3. But more important today to consider modern Britain’s role in its internationalrelations is to emphasize its role as a member of _____但更重要的是今天考虑现代英国年代作用的国际关系是强调其角色的成员European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟4. What are the main religions in the UK? 什么是主要宗教在英国吗Anglicanism (英国国教), Catholicism天主教；天主教义, Christianism耶稣教；基督教, and others (e.g. Islam).5. British history has been a history of invasions. Can you list the invaders fromthe first to the last? 英国的历史上一直是侵略的历史。
你能列举侵略者从第一行到最后一行吗Rome Empire →Germanic peoples: the Anglo-Saxon →Vikings from northern Europe →Normans from northern France罗马帝国日耳曼人:盎格鲁-萨克逊维京人从北欧诺曼人从法国北部6. Who were the forefathers of the English?他们的先辈的英语吗Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊7. Who is King Arthur? Why do the contemporary English people think of KingArthur as their hero?谁是亚瑟王呢?为什么当代英国人觉得亚瑟王的英雄吗A great leader in a English legend derives from the fifth century AD. It is said thathe united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur.一个伟大的领袖,在英国传说中来自第五世纪广告。
据说他在曼联的撒克逊人的英国,开车回到他的魔法剑,埃克斯卡利伯剑。
8. Who recreated the famous “round table”, and what was the purpose to do it?他再现了著名的圆桌,目的是什么做的吗King Arthur. He did it to let his knights to have equal precedence when they held meetings at his castle.亚瑟王。
他这样做是为了让他的骑士有相同优先级,当他们在他的城堡举行了会谈。
10. Why is the Monarchy carried out in UK? 为什么英国的君主制进行(P. 38, P2) The power of the monarchy was largely derived from the ancientdoctrine of the “divine right of kings (君权神授)”. It was held that the sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subjects (臣民).(中译本38,P2)电力君主制是很大程度上源自于古代的教条“神权的国王(君权神授)”。
这是认为主权派生的权力都来自于上帝,而不是从臣民(臣民)。
11. What is the current government type (政府模式) of the UK?Both Parliamentary Democracy and Constitutional monarchy两个议会民主和君主立宪制国家12. What are the constituent parts of British parliament? 什么是英国议会的组成部分The House of Lords, and House of Commons英国上议院和下议院的13. What are the three major political parties in the UK? 什么是三个主要政党在英国吗Labor Party; Conservative Party; Liberal Democrats Party工党,保守党,自由民主党党14. Which city is the capital city of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland,respectively? 哪个城市的首都是苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰,分别吗Scotland –Edinburgh (爱丁堡)Wales –Cardiff (加的夫)Northern Ireland - Belfast (贝尔法斯特)15. What are the three laws which consist of the British constitution? 哪三个是法律,由英国宪法Statute law, Common law, and Convention law. 成文法,习惯法,法律和惯例。
16. What are the main functions of British parliament? 的主要功能是什么英国议会呢To pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration, and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.通过法律,投票支持税收、监督政府政策、管理和支出和辩论中的主要问题一天。
17. What is the primary role of the Monarchy? 什么是最主要的任务君主制吗? To symbolize the tradition and unity of the British state. 象征着传统的团结和英国政府。
18. What is the main feature of British constitution?什么是英国宪法的主要特征There is no written constitutions which most countries have.没有成文宪法,大多数国家。
19. Strictly speaking, which three parts consist of the Parliament? 严格地说,这三个部分组成的议会The Queen, the House of Lords, and the House of Common女王,英国上议院的住宅,以及常见的20. Who are peers in the parliament? 谁是同行议会呢The member of the House of Lords, usually called Lords.成员的上议院,通常称为领主。
21. What is the difference between hereditary peers and life peers? 之间的区别是什么世袭贵族和生活的同行hereditary Peers are those who inherited the seat from their forefathers, while life peers are those who are appointed by the sovereign, at the suggestion of the Prime Minister. The latter are not allowed to pass his seat to his son.世袭贵族是那些继承了祖先的席位,而那些终身贵族所任命的主权,在首相的建议。
后者是不允许把座位让给了他的儿子。
22. Who are the Lords Spiritual ? 谁是上议院神职人员The Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England in the House of Lords. 主教和最著名的英国教堂的主教在上议院的。
23. Who are MPS? 谁是议员The members of the House of Commons.成员的下议院议员。
24. How long can a MP sit in the House of Commons after he/she has been elected? 多久才能议员坐在下议院的在他/她已当选吗Five years.25. Is a MP be allowed to be reelected? If yes, how many times is he/she allowed to be reelected? 是一个国会议员可以连任?如果是的,有多少次是他/她允许再次当选Y es. A Mp is allowed to be reelected limitless number of times是的。
一个允许当选议员是无限的次数26. What is the British Social Class Structure: 什么是英国的社会阶级结构Hereditary aristocracy •世袭贵族Upper middle-class •上层中产阶级Middle-class •中产阶级Lower middle-class •下层中产阶级Working-class •工薪阶层27. What does Oxbridge mean? 牛津和剑桥是什么意思The nickname of Oxford and Cambridge university run together. 绰号牛津和剑桥大学一起运行。