Paraphrasing skills
• Paraphrasing (释义,解释,重述)is • your own rendition or interpretation of essential information and ideas expressed by someone else, presented in a new form. • one legitimate way (when accompanied by accurate documentation) to borrow from a source. • a more detailed restatement than a summary, which focuses concisely on a single main idea.
Why you need to do paraphrasing?
• It is better than quoting information from an undistinguished passage. • It helps you control the temptation to quote too much. • The mental process required for successful paraphrasing helps you to grasp the full meaning of the original.
Original paragraph
• “Business communication is increasingly taking place internationally – in all countries, among all peoples, and across all cultures. An awareness of other cultures – of their languages, customs, experiences and perceptions – as well as an awareness of the way in which other people conduct their business, are now essential ingredients of business communication” (Chase, O’Rourke & Wallace, 2003, p.59).
Paraphrased paragraph
• The importance of understanding the traditions, language, perceptions and the manner in which people of other cultures conduct their business should never be underestimated, and is a crucial component of business communication (Chase, O’Rourke & Wallace, 2003).
• How much higher skyscrapers of the future will rise than the present world marvel, the Sears Tower, is unknown. However, the design of one twice as tall is already on the boards, and an architect, Robert Sobel, thinks we currently have sufficient know-how to build a skyscraper with over 500 stories (Bachman, 1990).
Paraphrasing Skills – For academic paper research
The Foreign Language Department
Wuyi University
Richard Chen
What is paraphrasing?
• Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is almost the same length as the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly. • To be more explicitly,
How to do paraphrasing?
• 1. Reread the original passage until you understand its full meaning. • 2. Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase on a note card or a piece of paper. • 3. Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to remind you later how you envision using this material. At the top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the subject of your paraphrase. • 4. Check your rendition with the original to make sure that your version accurately expresses all the essential information in a new form. • 5. Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or phraseology you have borrowed exactly from the source. • 6. Record the source (including the page) on your note card so that you can credit it easily if you decide to incorporate the material into your paper.
• /handouts/research/r_paraphrA1.html
• The use of a helmet is the key to reducing bicycling fatalities, which are due to head injuries 75% of the time. By cushioning the head upon impact, a helmet can reduce accidental injury by as much as 85%, saving the lives of hundreds of victims annually, half of whom are school children ("Bike He (From Ron Bachman, "Reaching for the Sky." Dial (May 1990): 15.)
While the Sears Tower is arguably the greatest achievement in skyscraper engineering so far, it's unlikely that architects and engineers have abandoned the quest for the world's tallest building. The question is: Just how high can a building go? Structural engineer William LeMessurier has designed a skyscraper nearly one-half mile high, twice as tall as the Sears Tower. And architect Robert Sobel claims that existing technology could produce a 500-story building. From Ron Bachman, "Reaching for the Sky." Dial (May 1990): 15.
Original para.
• “One of the most important elements that the perspective drawer needs to establish is the horizon line or the eye level. In a landscape or seascape, the horizon line is where the land or sea appears to meet the sky. It is important to establish this line even though it may be obscured by hills or buildings” (Smagula, 2002, p.172).
• 3. Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year, three-fourths are caused by head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age children. One study concluded that wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident, a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head. From "Bike Helmets: Unused Lifesavers," Consumer Reports (May 1990): 348.
雅思口语paraphrasing具体操作方法
其实久经沙场的烤鸭们⼀定对paraphrasing这个词不陌⽣，在以考察语⾔表达为主的雅思⼝语考试中，paraphrasing能⼒直接影响了最后的得分。
所以考⽣需要对雅思⼝语考场急救之paraphrasing⼗分了解。
⼝语考试中，我们在多种情况下会使⽤到paraphrasing这个技巧，下⾯列举⼏个常见情况。
Can’t remember a correct word 在15分钟左右的考试中，忘记某个词如何表达再正常不过了，所以很有必要平时多加练习如何处理这样的突发情况。
有的考⽣会选择停下来，花上⼀两分钟甚⾄更久来思考这个词到底怎么说，到最后也没想出⼀个合适的词，显然得不偿失。
Stop repeating yourself 考⽣是否有能⼒⽤不同的语⾔来表达同⼀个意思是考察词汇量的⼀个重要标准。
在⼀个答案⾥，关键词不要重复三遍以上。
在中⽂⾥重复⼀个词没有关系，甚⾄可以作为⼀种修辞⼿法“反复”。
但在英⽂⾥重复⼀个单词，会让⼈觉得你词汇量不⼤。
所以为了语⾔不要有过多的重复，paraphrasing是不可或缺的技巧。
Paraphrase what you have heard 想要冲击⾼分的考⽣如何更好地展⽰⾃⼰的词汇功底，在回答的时候(尤其是第三部分)，可以把考官的问题进⾏paraphrasing，⽽不是⼀字不差地重复⼀遍。
另外，如果考⽣能够把问题中的关键词灵活准确地paraphrase掉，也是证明语⾔能⼒的⼀种⽅式。
以上是三种使⽤paraphrasing技巧的常见情况。
接着我们⼀起来看⼀下使⽤这⼀技巧的具体做法。
⽤⼀些简单的词去解释，这⾥举⼏个简单的例⼦抛砖引⽟。
E.X. 1 banana: a long, sweet, yellow fruit that monkeys like to eat camera: it's a little machine for taking pictures. smile：you do it with your mouth to show you are happy, you turn it up. ⽤⾃⼰的话去解释⼀个单词是paraphrasing的⼀个常⽤⽅法，建议⼤家在平时可以从⼀些简单的单词开始练习。
仿写句子的意思是什么
仿写句子的意思是什么什么是仿写句子？仿写句子是指通过改变原始句子的结构、语法和词汇，来创造出新的句子。
从语言角度来看，它不仅可以帮助人们加强语感和语言能力，还可以帮助人们深入理解原始句子所表达的意义和情感。
因此，学习仿写句子在中小学语文教育中也是非常重要的一部分。
仿写的例子：1. 原始句子：昨天的考试要求我们用英语写作文。
仿写句子：昨天的考试，要求我们用英文写作文。
2. 原始句子：他又啃了一口苹果，继续工作。
仿写句子：他啃了一口苹果，然后就继续工作了。
3. 原始句子：他一只手拿着书，一只手拿着笔。
仿写句子：他一边拿着书，一边拿着笔。
为什么要学习仿写句子？1. 帮助人们加强语感和语言能力仿写句子需要学生们在模仿中自己动手构思，这一过程既可以帮助学生建立起语言的框架，也可以提高学生对语言的敏感度，对具体的词组形成语感，进而加深对语言的理解。
2. 帮助人们深入理解原始句子所表达的意义和情感通过仿写句子的过程，人们可以了解到原始句子的结构和语法，进而更深刻地理解原始句子所表达的意义以及作者所传递的情感。
3. 帮助人们提高写作能力模仿是学习的一个很好的方法。
通过仿写句子的训练，学生可以得到很好的写作习惯，能在平时的写作中使用到仿写句子的技巧，这将有助于他们更快速地提高他们的写作能力。
总之，通过学习仿写句子，在对语言的理解和运用、对语言的敏感度、对写作能力的提高等方面都有很好的作用。
参考译文：What is Paraphrasing?Paraphrasing refers to the process of creating new sentences by changing the structure, grammar, and vocabulary of the original sentence. From a linguistic perspective, it not only helps people strengthen their sense of language and language ability but also helps people to deepen their understanding of the meaning and emotions conveyed by the original sentence. Therefore, learning paraphrasing is also a very important part in primary and secondary school language education.Examples of paraphrasing:1.Original sentence: The test yesterday required us to write an essay in English.Paraphrased sentence: The test yesterday required us to write an English essay.2. Original sentence: He took another bite of the apple and continued to work.Paraphrased sentence: He took a bite of the apple, and then continued to work.3. Original sentence: He held a book in one hand and a pen in the other.Paraphrased sentence: He held a book in one hand, and a pen in the other.Why learn paraphrasing?1. Helps people strengthen their sense of language and language abilityParaphrasing requires students to think for themselves through imitation. This process can not only help students establish a language framework but also to improve their sensitivity to language, form a sense of specific phrases, and deepen their understanding of language.2. Helps people deepen their understanding of the meaning andemotions conveyed by the original sentenceThrough the process of paraphrasing, people can understand the structure and grammar of the original sentence and then more deeply understand the meaning and emotions communicated by the author.3. Helps people improve their writing skillsImitation is a good way of learning. Through the training of paraphrasing, students can form good writing habits and apply the paraphrasing skills in their writing. This will help them to quickly improve their writing skills.In summary, by learning paraphrasing, it has a good effect on understanding and applying language, sensitivity to language, and improving writing ability.。
paraphrase
paraphraseParaphrase: Unlocking the Power of WordsIntroduction (150 words)Paraphrasing, the process of rephrasing or restating a written or spoken text in one's own words, is an essential skill that can help individuals effectively communicate ideas and information. Whether it is for academic writing, professional communication, or simply conveying complex concepts in a simple manner, paraphrasing plays a crucial role. This document aims to explore the art of paraphrasing in detail, discussing its importance, techniques, and benefits. Additionally, it will highlight the common challenges faced by individuals while paraphrasing and provide useful tips and strategies to overcome them. By the end of this document, readers will have a deeper understanding of the significance of paraphrasing and be equipped with practical tools to enhance their paraphrasing skills.I. Importance of Paraphrasing (200 words)Paraphrasing is not merely about replacing words with synonyms; rather, it involves understanding and rephrasing the original text while preserving the intended meaning. It serves various purposes and brings several advantages. Firstly,paraphrasing allows individuals to internalize information and express it in their own unique way, enhancing their comprehension of the topic. This is particularly useful in academic settings, where paraphrasing is an essential aspect of avoiding plagiarism. Moreover, paraphrasing can help improve writing skills, as it encourages individuals to think critically and engage with the content, resulting in more coherent and original pieces of writing. Additionally, paraphrasing aids in effective communication, especially in situations where information needs to be simplified or rephrased for different audiences. It allows individuals to adapt their language and style to suit the specific needs of their target audience, making the message more accessible and comprehensible.II. Techniques for Effective Paraphrasing (400 words)While paraphrasing may seem straightforward, implementing effective techniques can greatly enhance the quality of the paraphrased text. The following techniques can be employed to ensure accurate and successful paraphrasing:1. Understand the Source Material: Before attempting to paraphrase a text, it is crucial to read and comprehend the original content thoroughly. This includes understanding the main ideas, arguments, and supporting evidence.2. Use Synonyms and Different Sentence Structures: While it is essential to avoid using the exact same words as the original text, incorporating synonyms and different sentence structures can help convey the same message in a unique manner. However, caution must be exercised to ensure that the paraphrased content remains true to the original meaning.3. Change Word Forms and Sentence Order: Altering the form of words (e.g., changing nouns into verbs, adjectives into adverbs) and rearranging the sentence structure can effectively paraphrase a sentence while maintaining its original meaning.4. Paraphrase Entire Paragraphs: In some instances, it may be more effective to paraphrase an entire paragraph rather than focusing on individual sentences. This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding and expression of ideas.5. Attribute Ideas to the Original Source: When paraphrasing, it is essential to give credit where it is due by attributing the ideas to the original source. This is particularly critical in academic writing to avoid plagiarism.III. Overcoming Challenges in Paraphrasing (300 words)Paraphrasing can be a challenging task, especially for individuals who are new to the concept. Some common challenges and potential strategies to overcome them include:1. Maintaining Original Meaning: One of the key challenges is ensuring that the paraphrased text retains the original meaning. To overcome this, it is important to thoroughly comprehend the source material and focus on conveying the core ideas rather than replicating the exact words.2. Avoiding Plagiarism: Paraphrasing is often done to avoid plagiarism, but improper paraphrasing can still lead to unintentional plagiarism. To mitigate this risk, it is crucial to consistently attribute ideas to the original source and use proper citation formats.3. Striking a Balance with Quotations: While paraphrasing is crucial, it is equally important to know when to use direct quotations. Direct quotes should be used sparingly to support key arguments or when the wording itself is essential to the discussion.4. Developing Paraphrasing Skills: Paraphrasing is a skill that improves with practice. Regularly engaging in paraphrasingexercises and seeking feedback from peers or instructors can help develop and refine this skill.Conclusion (150 words)In today's information age, where effective communication is paramount, mastering the art of paraphrasing is more crucial than ever. It enables individuals to convey information accurately and concisely, taking into account the diverse needs of different audiences. The techniques discussed in this document, such as understanding the source material, using synonyms and different sentence structures, and properly attributing ideas, can greatly enhance one's paraphrasing abilities. Overcoming the challenges associated with paraphrasing is possible through practice and a sound understanding of the original text's core ideas. By harnessing the power of words through paraphrasing, individuals can elevate their writing, communication, and overall literacy skills, positioning themselves for success in various personal and professional endeavors.。
paraphrase 2009功力班
Paraphrasing Strategy 2
Use the Negative: Example
Original It is difficult to set realistic objectives. Altered It is not easy to set goals that are
achievable.
Altered The state devastated by the hurricane was helped by the developed states in its reconstruction.
Paraphrasing Strategy 4
Change Active Voice to Passive Voice
Paraphrasing Exercise
Let’s do Exercise 2.2
•Use this strategy if the sentence contains two or more parts.
Paraphrasing Strategy 3
Change the Order of Ideas or the Sentence Pattern
Original Advanced nations provided aid to rebuild the country destroyed by the typhoon.
•
Use of Paraphrasing Strategies
• While you can use the paraphrasing we have discussed, take note that very often you are required to combine strategies to paraphrase material accurately and appropriately.
paraphrase技巧例子
paraphrase技巧例子Paraphrasing（释义重述）是指用不同的措辞或表达方式来表达相同的含义。
这在写作、学术论文、或者进行文本转述时很有用。
以下是一些paraphrasing技巧的例子：1. 同义词替换：原文：The cat is on the mat.释义：The feline is on the rug.2. 更改句子结构：原文：The conference will take place in Paris next month.释义：Next month, the conference is scheduled to happen in Paris.3. 使用不同的形容词和副词：原文：She spoke loudly and confidently.释义：She spoke with a strong and assured voice.4. 变换时态：原文：The team won the championship last year.释义：Last year, the championship was won by the team.5. 改变从句的语序：原文：Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.释义：Despite the rain, they chose to take a walk.6. 加入或删除细节：原文：The painting depicts a serene mountain landscape.释义：In the painting, there is a calm landscape featuring mountains and rivers.7. 变化句子的语气：原文：He must finish the project by Friday.释义：It is imperative that he completes the project by Friday.8. 转换主动语态和被动语态：原文：The chef prepared a delicious meal.释义：A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.9. 使用近义词或短语：原文：The concept is difficult to understand.释义：Grasping the idea can be challenging.10. 删减或合并句子：原文：She has a habit of arriving late, which annoys her colleagues.释义：Her habit of arriving late is a source of annoyance for her colleagues.这些例子展示了paraphrasing的不同技巧，通过运用这些技巧，你可以更灵活地表达相同的意思，从而使文本更加多样化和富有表达力。
paraphrasable造句
20句用”paraphrasable“造句1.The concept of "paraphrasable" refers to the ability to express something using differentwords.2.It is important in academic writing to demonstrate that complex ideas are paraphrasable.3.The author's use of synonyms made the passage easily paraphrasable.4.The sentence was too convoluted, making it difficult to find a paraphrasable version.5.The teacher encouraged students to practice paraphrasing to improve their paraphrasableskills.6.The website offers a paraphrasing tool to help make texts more paraphrasable.7.The meaning of the poem remained intact even after it was paraphrased into a moreparaphrasable form.8.The ability to rephrase information accurately is a sign of being paraphrasable.9.The article contained many technical terms that were not easily paraphrasable.10.The textbook provided paraphrasable examples to help students understand the conceptsbetter.11. A well-written paragraph should have multiple paraphrasable points.12.The journalist's skillful use of varied vocabulary made the interviewee's words highlyparaphrasable.13.The key to effective communication lies in being able to present ideas in a paraphrasablemanner.14.The writer struggled to make their ideas more paraphrasable, resulting in a confusing pieceof writing.15.The students were given a passage to paraphrase as a way to test their paraphrasableabilities.16.The speech was filled with complex ideas that required careful analysis to make themparaphrasable.17.The professor emphasized the importance of paraphrasing to develop paraphrasablereasoning skills.18.The research paper demonstrated how certain scientific concepts can be simplified andmade more paraphrasable.19.The author's use of jargon made the text less paraphrasable for readers who were notfamiliar with the field.20.The skill of being paraphrasable is crucial for effective communication in both written andspoken forms.。
怎样复述一篇英语作文课文
怎样复述一篇英语作文课文英文回答：Paraphrasing: A Guide to Rephrasing Text.Paraphrasing is a valuable skill that involves expressing the ideas and information from a text in your own words while maintaining the original meaning. To effectively paraphrase, you need to understand the content thoroughly and then use different vocabulary and sentence structures to convey the same message.Steps for Paraphrasing:1. Read the original text carefully to grasp the main ideas.2. Note down the key points and supporting details.3. Replace specific words and phrases with synonyms oralternative expressions.4. Alter the sentence structure and word order without changing the meaning.5. Maintain the overall tone and style of the original text.6. Ensure that your paraphrase is concise and clear.Benefits of Paraphrasing:1. Enhances understanding: Paraphrasing forces you to think deeply about the text, aiding in comprehension.2. Improves writing skills: By practicing paraphrasing, you develop your vocabulary and improve your ability to express ideas clearly.3. Prevents plagiarism: Paraphrasing allows you to use someone else's ideas without directly copying them.4. Encourages critical thinking: It challenges your ability to interpret and convey information in alternative ways.Techniques for Paraphrasing:1. Substitute words: Replace specific terms with synonyms or more general words.2. Change sentence structure: Alter the word order or combine multiple sentences into one.3. Add or remove details: Summarize or expand on certain points to enhance clarity.4. Use different grammatical constructions: Convert active voice to passive voice or vice versa.5. Change the perspective: Express the ideas from a different viewpoint.中文回答：如何复述一篇英语作文。
Quoting,paraphrasing, and summarizing
Quoting, Paraphrasing, and SummarizingThis handout is intended to help you become more comfortable with the uses of and distinctions among quotations, paraphrases, and summaries. This handout compares and contrasts the three terms, gives some pointers, and includes a short excerpt that you can use to practice these skills.What are the differences among quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing?These three ways of incorporating other writers' work into your own writing differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing.Quotations must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author.Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.Why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries?Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. You might use them to . . .•Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing•Refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing•Give examples of several points of view on a subject•Call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with•Highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original•Distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own•Expand the breadth or depth of your writingWriters frequently intertwine summaries, paraphrases, and quotations. As part of a summary of an article, a chapter, or a book, a writer might include paraphrases of various key points blended with quotations of striking or suggestive phrases as in the following example:In his famous and influential work the Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freud argues thatdreams are the "royal road to the unconscious" (page #), expressing in coded imagery thedreamer's unfulfilled wishes through a process known as the "dream-work" (page #). According toFreud, actual but unacceptable desires are censored internally and subjected to coding throughlayers of condensation and displacement before emerging in a kind of rebus puzzle in the dreamitself (page #).How to use quotations, paraphrases, and summariesPractice summarizing the essay below, using paraphrases and quotations as you go. It might be helpful to follow these steps:•Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas.•Summarize in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is.•Paraphrase important supporting points that come up in the essay.•Consider any words, phrases, or brief passages that you believe should be quoted directly.There are several ways to integrate quotations into your text. Often, a short quotation works well when integrated into a sentence. Longer quotations can stand alone. Remember that quoting should be done only sparingly; be sure that you have a good reason to include a direct quotation when you decide to do so.The following is a sample essay you can practice quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. Examples of each task are provided at the end of the essay for further reference.Here is the citation for Sipher's essay:Sipher, Roger. “So That Nobody Has to Go to School If They Don't Want To.” The New York Times. 19 December 1977. Page 31. Print.So That Nobody Has To Go To School If They Don't Want Toby Roger SipherA decline in standardized test scores is but the most recent indicator that American education is in trouble.One reason for the crisis is that present mandatory-attendance laws force many to attend school who have no wish to be there. Such children have little desire to learn and are so antagonistic toschool that neither they nor more highly motivated students receive the quality education that is the birthright of every American.The solution to this problem is simple: Abolish compulsory-attendance laws and allow only those who are committed to getting an education to attend.This will not end public education. Contrary to conventional belief, legislators enacted compulsory-attendance laws to legalize what already existed. William Landes and Lewis Solomon, economists, found little evidence that mandatory-attendance laws increased the number of children in school. They found, too, that school systems have never effectively enforced such laws, usually because of the expense involved.There is no contradiction between the assertion that compulsory attendance has had little effect on the number of children attending school and the argument that repeal would be a positive step toward improving education. Most parents want a high school education for their children. Unfortunately, compulsory attendance hampers the ability of public school officials to enforce legitimate educational and disciplinary policies and thereby make the education a good one.Private schools have no such problem. They can fail or dismiss students, knowing such students can attend public school. Without compulsory attendance, public schools would be freer to oust students whose academic or personal behavior undermines the educational mission of the institution.Has not the noble experiment of a formal education for everyone failed? While we pay homage to the homily, "You can lead a horse to water but you can't make him drink," we have pretended it is not true in education.Ask high school teachers if recalcitrant students learn anything of value. Ask teachers if these students do any homework. Quite the contrary, these students know they will be passed from grade to grade until they are old enough to quit or until, as is more likely, they receive a high school diploma. At the point when students could legally quit, most choose to remain since they know they are likely to be allowed to graduate whether they do acceptable work or not.Abolition of archaic attendance laws would produce enormous dividends.First, it would alert everyone that school is a serious place where one goes to learn. Schools are neither day-care centers nor indoor street corners. Young people who resist learning should stay away; indeed, an end to compulsory schooling would require them to stay away.Second, students opposed to learning would not be able to pollute the educational atmosphere for those who want to learn. Teachers could stop policing recalcitrant students and start educating.Third, grades would show what they are supposed to: how well a student is learning. Parents could again read report cards and know if their children were making progress.Fourth, public esteem for schools would increase. People would stop regarding them as way stations for adolescents and start thinking of them as institutions for educating America's youth.Fifth, elementary schools would change because students would find out early they had better learn something or risk flunking out later. Elementary teachers would no longer have to pass their failures on to junior high and high school.Sixth, the cost of enforcing compulsory education would be eliminated. Despite enforcement efforts, nearly 15 percent of the school-age children in our largest cities are almost permanently absent from school.Communities could use these savings to support institutions to deal with young people not in school. If, in the long run, these institutions prove more costly, at least we would not confuse their mission with that of schools.Schools should be for education. At present, they are only tangentially so. They have attempted to serve an all-encompassing social function, trying to be all things to all people. In the process they have failed miserably at what they were originally formed to accomplish.Example Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation from the Essay:Example summary: Roger Sipher makes his case for getting rid of compulsory-attendance laws in primary and secondary schools with six arguments. These fall into three groups—first that education is for those who want to learn and by including those that don't want to learn, everyone suffers. Second, that grades would be reflective of effort and elementary school teachers wouldn't feel compelled to pass failing students. Third, that schools would both save money and save face with the elimination of compulsory-attendance laws.Example paraphrase of the essay's conclusion: Roger Sipher concludes his essay by insisting that schools have failed to fulfill their primary duty of education because they try to fill multiple social functions (para. 17).Example quotation: According to Roger Sipher, a solution to the perceived crisis of American education is to "Abolish compulsory-attendance laws and allow only those who are committed to getting an education to attend" (para. 3).。
7招搞定概要写作中的paraphrasing
7招搞定概要写作中的paraphrasing1)。
The teacher asked the students to XXX可以改写成The students XXX.2)。
XXX.可以改写成As a result of his XXX。
XXX.5.第五招：增减法。
即在原句的基础上增加或删除一些信息，使其表达更加精炼。
例：1)。
The company is planning to launch a new product next month.可以改写成The company plans to launch a new product next month.2)。
The book is about the history of the American n。
which happened in the late 18th century.可以改写成The book is about the late 18th century XXX.6.第六招：转换视角法。
即从不同的角度来表达相同的意思。
例：1)。
The government should do more to ce air n.可以改写成More should be done by the government to ce air n.2)。
The company needs to XXX.可以改写成XXX better service from the company.7.第七招：改变语态法。
即改变主动语态为被动语态或被动语态为主动语态。
例：1)。
The teacher gave the students a test.可以改写成A test was given to the students by the teacher.2)。
The car was hit by a truck.可以改写成A truck hit the car.1) Children deserve XXX.2) In order to help children learn faster。
paraphrasing skills
How has this sentence been changed?
• While some argue that there has been great progress in reducing poverty, it has been far from even, and the global picture masks regional differences. • Progress in poverty reduction has not been equal in all countries and the global situation does not take into account regional differences. Nevertheless, some still argue that significant advancements have been made.
How has this sentence been changed? • Many of these policies are criticized by opponents of the World Bank and its approach. • Those opposed to the World Bank and its approach are critical of these policies.
If you reduce longer texts to main points, it is called summarising.
Why paraphrase?
• Copying is not allowed in British Higher Education. • You need to show the tutor you have understood what you have read.