课件初中英语语法课件
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初中英语语法大全(详解)PPT 课件
5)几种比较级的使用句型 1.“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示“ 越来越······”
*Your English is getting better and better. 你的英语越来越好了。 *These days more and more people are learning English. 现在学英语的人越来越多了。
她三十多岁了。 *The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms. 最轻的不到五十公斤。
4.“more or less”表示“差不多，或 多或少”
*The problem is more or less solved.
这个问题差不多已经解决了。
*Is it straight? – More or less.
它直吗？ – 差不多吧。
6)注意点
1. 形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词
最高级前可省略 2.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后
常用one，that，those等词来替代前 面提到过的名词
*Thihe weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的 比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加
定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）
短语来说明比较的范围
*Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
*Lucy sings (the) best of all.
*He is the most careful among us.
4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __e_i_th__e_r___.
初中英语语法大全课件
(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ful (一……)，-ian (精通……的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如： differ不同于→difference区别 write写→writer作家 Japan日本→Japanese日本人 act表演→actress女演员 mouth口→mouthful一口 music音乐→musician音乐家 racial种族的----racialist种族主义者
01
合成形容词
02
名词＋形容词snow-white雪白的
03
名词＋现在分词English-speaking讲英语的
04
名词＋to＋名词face-to-face面对面的
05
名词＋过去分词man-made人造的
06
数词＋名词one-way单行的
07
数词＋名词＋形容词two-year-old两岁的
动词转化为名词
很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：
Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。
He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。
构成副词的常用后缀有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。
例如：
angry生气的→angrily生气地
to到→towards朝……，向……
初中英语语法课件ppt
03
Opposite Meanings Adjectives
When using Opposite Meanings Adjectives, place the stronger
one first For example, "big and small."
The Usage of Advantageous
The use of connections
Coordinating Connections
Connections like "and", "but", "or" are used to coordinate two or more independent clauses, e.g., "I like apples, but my brother doesn't"
Subordinating Connections
Connections like "because", "if", "when" are used to introduce sub border clauses, e.g., "I will go to the park because it's sunny today"
Last Simple Tense
Used to express an action that occurred in the past Example: "She walked to school yesterday."
The tense of verbs
Present Continuous Tense
初中英语语法课件
Personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and reflexive pronouns
• Personal pronouns: Personal pronouns refer to pronouns that replace people or things, including first person, second person, and third person pronouns. The first person pronouns include "I" and "we", the second person pronouns include "you" and "you", and the third person pronouns include "he", "she", "it", "they", etc.
points
01
noun
What is a noun?
Nouns are words used to represent names of people,
things, places, or abstract concepts.
Nouns can be divided into two categories: proper nouns and common nouns.
02
verb
Definition of verbs
01
02
Verb: A part of speech that expresses behavior, action, state, or existence.
初中英语语法课件ppt
02
Concrete nouns
These nouns represent a tangible object or person that can be
seen or touched For example: book, car, person
03
Collective nouns
These nouns name a group of people or things considered as a
whole For example: family, team, herd
The Plural Form Nouns
English nouns have a plural form that is used to refer to more than one person, thing, or idea
class of things
Types of Nouns
01
Abstract nouns
These nouns rconcept that
cannot be touched or seen For example: love, fear, justice
animal, or idea
Nouns can be classified into two main categories: normal nouns and common nouns
Prop nouns name specific individuals, places, or things while common nouns name a
02
Verb
Definition of verbs
Definition of verb
初中英语零基础学语法--英语句子结构 课件(共43张PPT)
附属成分
基本成分的修饰语。可以是： • 定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句 • 状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。
定语
Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby． She likes oranges imported from the USA.
省略成分
句中被省略的成分，虽然未说出来，却在句中表示 一定的意思：
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten eggs．
He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾 补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一 般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。
Vi（不及物动词）
主 语
谓 语
Vt（及物动词）
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补
系动词
表语
be / feel / seem / look appear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keep taste / smell etc.
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的词、
初中英语语法大全课件
A comprehensive courseware on middle school Englis
目录
CONTENTS
• Noun • Article • Pronoun • Subjects and advertisements • Verb • Preparation • Connection • Sentence types
02
Article
The usage of define articles
Summary
This section covers the rules and examples of define article usage in English grammar
Index article usage in singular nouns
Personal pronouns
I
Used as the subject of a verb
You
used as the object of a verb or position
He/She
used as the subject or object of a verb or position
They
Use the index article "some" before Plural Nouns that are not countable, such as "bread" or "water" For countable regular nouns, use "a" or "an" depending on the noun's starting sound
目录
CONTENTS
• Noun • Article • Pronoun • Subjects and advertisements • Verb • Preparation • Connection • Sentence types
02
Article
The usage of define articles
Summary
This section covers the rules and examples of define article usage in English grammar
Index article usage in singular nouns
Personal pronouns
I
Used as the subject of a verb
You
used as the object of a verb or position
He/She
used as the subject or object of a verb or position
They
Use the index article "some" before Plural Nouns that are not countable, such as "bread" or "water" For countable regular nouns, use "a" or "an" depending on the noun's starting sound
初中英语语法课件ppt
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
e) 用于条件从句“如果……想，设想”（接近if ……want to,或 if ……should） 例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided. A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
一般现在时的使用：
1.一般现在时表示总是、通常、习惯 性的动作或状态。
It snows in winter. I watch television every day.
2.用于对客观事实的普遍性的陈述。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Most animals kill only for food. The world is round.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
e) 用于条件从句“如果……想，设想”（接近if ……want to,或 if ……should） 例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided. A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
一般现在时的使用：
1.一般现在时表示总是、通常、习惯 性的动作或状态。
It snows in winter. I watch television every day.
2.用于对客观事实的普遍性的陈述。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Most animals kill only for food. The world is round.
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一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
Welcome ！
Outline
过去
1 .一般现在时 2 .一般过去时 3 .一般将来时 4 .过去将来时： 5 .过去进行时： 6. 过去完成时 7. 现在进行时： 8. 现在完成时：
现在
将来
用法： 经常性的和习惯性的动作
常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning
一般将来时的使用：
1、 基本结构是will / shall do。 例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她 的生日礼物。）
2、 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般 进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以 表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。）
动词构成: 1. will/shall+动原 2.am/is/are going to+动词原型 3. am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4. am/is/are+coming等现在分词
以work为例:will/shall work
am/is/are going to work
am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving…
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
---Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. ---Oh, how nice of you! I ___ you ___ to bring me a
gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
动词构成： was/were+现在分词(--ing) 以work为例：was/were working
否定构成： was/were not+现在分词
一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？ Yes, I was No, I wasn’t
用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态， 常用于宾从句
常用时间状语：the next week等
动词构成： 1、would/should+动原 2、 was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about) to+动原
以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about) to work
否定构成：will/shall not… am/is/are not…
特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?
注意：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
动词构成：动词过去时（--ed） listen—listened study---studied stop-----stopped come----came
否定构成：didn’t+动原 didn’t work used not (didn’t use) to
work
一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？
3.某些动词的一般现在时表示说话时正在 存在的一种情况。
I have only a dollar right now. He needs a pen right now.
注：这些动词不能用于进行时。
用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作
常用时间状语： yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2000, at that time, before ，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
5、 “be to do”的5种用法：
a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。 例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实 验室见到她。）
b) 该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。 例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不 准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）
I didn’t walk to school yesterday.
Did you walk to school yesterday ?
用法：将来会出现或发生的动作
常用时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term
1.一般过去时表示一个动作或情况在过去 某个的时间开始和结束. I walked to school yesterday. I bought a new car three days ago.
walked,bought now
2.表示过去经常性的动作或情况。 I often got up at 6:00 last year.
Never thought “从未想过“， 与how nice of you所表达的喜悦之情相符
This morning Alice ___ out ___ the door opened and in came some strangers.
A. was just about to go; while B. went ; when C. was going ; while D. was just about to go; when
3、 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用be going to do。 例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说 的。）
4、 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期 内或马上要做的事。 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。）
否定构成：would/should not… was/were not…
一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从
特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week. I thought I would make lots of newfriends. They said that they were going to spend the
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A.leaves B.would leave C.left D.had left
用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作
常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten o’clock yesterday或when引导的从句
A: What was it like?
B:I thought it would be busy, but it was very quiet.
三、I thought I was going to...表示“原本打算 干某事”。
---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
注意： start, leave, go, come等的一般现在时可表示按规定要发生的未 来动作，如列车将离开。客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时.
Examples:
It snows in winter. It doesn’t snow in winter. Does it snow in winter?
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
Welcome ！
Outline
过去
1 .一般现在时 2 .一般过去时 3 .一般将来时 4 .过去将来时： 5 .过去进行时： 6. 过去完成时 7. 现在进行时： 8. 现在完成时：
现在
将来
用法： 经常性的和习惯性的动作
常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning
一般将来时的使用：
1、 基本结构是will / shall do。 例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她 的生日礼物。）
2、 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般 进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以 表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。）
动词构成: 1. will/shall+动原 2.am/is/are going to+动词原型 3. am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4. am/is/are+coming等现在分词
以work为例:will/shall work
am/is/are going to work
am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving…
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
---Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. ---Oh, how nice of you! I ___ you ___ to bring me a
gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
动词构成： was/were+现在分词(--ing) 以work为例：was/were working
否定构成： was/were not+现在分词
一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？ Yes, I was No, I wasn’t
用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态， 常用于宾从句
常用时间状语：the next week等
动词构成： 1、would/should+动原 2、 was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about) to+动原
以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about) to work
否定构成：will/shall not… am/is/are not…
特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?
注意：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
动词构成：动词过去时（--ed） listen—listened study---studied stop-----stopped come----came
否定构成：didn’t+动原 didn’t work used not (didn’t use) to
work
一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？
3.某些动词的一般现在时表示说话时正在 存在的一种情况。
I have only a dollar right now. He needs a pen right now.
注：这些动词不能用于进行时。
用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作
常用时间状语： yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2000, at that time, before ，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
5、 “be to do”的5种用法：
a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。 例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实 验室见到她。）
b) 该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。 例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不 准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）
I didn’t walk to school yesterday.
Did you walk to school yesterday ?
用法：将来会出现或发生的动作
常用时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term
1.一般过去时表示一个动作或情况在过去 某个的时间开始和结束. I walked to school yesterday. I bought a new car three days ago.
walked,bought now
2.表示过去经常性的动作或情况。 I often got up at 6:00 last year.
Never thought “从未想过“， 与how nice of you所表达的喜悦之情相符
This morning Alice ___ out ___ the door opened and in came some strangers.
A. was just about to go; while B. went ; when C. was going ; while D. was just about to go; when
3、 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用be going to do。 例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说 的。）
4、 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期 内或马上要做的事。 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。）
否定构成：would/should not… was/were not…
一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从
特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week. I thought I would make lots of newfriends. They said that they were going to spend the
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A.leaves B.would leave C.left D.had left
用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作
常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten o’clock yesterday或when引导的从句
A: What was it like?
B:I thought it would be busy, but it was very quiet.
三、I thought I was going to...表示“原本打算 干某事”。
---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
注意： start, leave, go, come等的一般现在时可表示按规定要发生的未 来动作，如列车将离开。客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时.
Examples:
It snows in winter. It doesn’t snow in winter. Does it snow in winter?