卡西欧 CASIO fx-82ES、300ES 计算器说明书
2款卡西欧计算器使用方法
一、 进入直线回归计算功能
1、按
2、按顺序依次按
清除内存原有数据；
二、输入需要回归计算的数据，
每组数据按下述格式重复进行，直到全部数据输完 ：
<X i 数据> <Y i 数据> 例题：
数据输入方法： 0 0
0.2 0.003
0.5 0.012
1 0.027
2 0.059
输完数据后调出a 、b 、r 值的方法：
1、调出
a
2、调出
b
3、调出r
由此可以得出: a= -0.002, b=0.030, r=0.998
二、 进入直线回归计算功能
1、按顺序依次按
清除内存原有数据；
2、按A+BX ）进入直线回归模式，将看到以下数据输入屏幕：
二、输入需要回归计算的数据， 例题：
数据输入方法：
输入数值后，按下
键。
可用方向键选择要输入的单元格。
X 、Y 数值均输完后，按下键，切换到STAT 计算屏幕。
三、输完数据后调出A 、B
、r 值的方法：
1、调出A
2、调出B
3、调出r
由此可以得出: a= -0.002, b=0.030, r=0.998。
卡西欧计算器使用说明
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取下保护壳
使用计算器之前，将保护壳向下滑动并取 下，然后将保护壳固定到计算器的背面， 如下图 按1A(OFF)断开计算器电源。
自动关闭电源 如果不执行任何操作大约10分钟，本计算器会自动关闭。如果发生这种情 况，按O键可重新打开计算器。
调整显示对比度
计算器设定的初始化执行以下步骤可将计算器初始化此操作将使计算模式返回至comp模式并将所有其他设定包括设置菜单设定返回至初始缺省值
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fx-82ES PLUS fx-85ES PLUS fx-95ES PLUS fx-350ES PLUS
用户说明书
卡西欧全球教育网站
示例操作
本手册中的示例操作由 图标表示。除非特别声明，否则所有示例操作都 假设计算器使用初始缺省设定。使用“计算器的初始化”下的步骤，可使计算 器返回至初始缺省设定。 有关示例操作中显示的B、b、v和V标记的信息，请参阅“配 置计算器设定”。
计算器的初始化
如果需要将计算器初始化并将计算模式和设定返回初始的缺省设定，请执行以 下步骤。注意：此操作还将清除当前计算器内存中的所有数据。 !9(CLR)3(All)=(Yes)
安全注意事项
电池 • 将电池放在儿童不易接触到的地方。 • 仅使用本手册中为本计算器指定的电池型号。
操作注意事项
• 即使计算器运行正常，也应至少每三年(LR44(GPA76))、两年(R03(UM-4)) 或一年(LR03(AM4))更换一次电池。 废旧电池可能会漏液，从而对计算器造成损害并使其产生故障。请勿将废 旧电池遗留在计算器中。电池完全没有电之后，请勿再试图使用计算器 (fx-85ES PLUS)。
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重要信息
• 本《用户说明书》中输出的显示和图示(如键标记)仅供说明，可能与所表示的 实际项有所不同。
卡西欧fx-82MS计算器使用指南说明书
S M 2 8 -x fO I S A CMASTERING THE CALCULATOR USING THE CASIO fx-82MSLearning and Teaching Support Unit (LTSU)The Learning CentreGuide bookWritten byLinda GalliganPublished byUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoomba Queensland 4350Australia.au©University of Southern Queensland, 2006.1.Copyrighted materials reproduced herein are used under the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968 as amended, or as a result of application to the copyright owner.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission.Produced by the Distance and e-Learning Centre using FrameMaker5.5.6 on a Pentium workstation.TABLE OFCONTENTSPAGE Introduction1A word about starting out21.Addition and subtraction42.Multiplication and division83.Brackets104.Powers115.Fractions17ing the x–1 key197.Scientific notation208.Factorial x!22ing memory2310.Statistics2511.Linear regression3112.Trigonometric functions3413.Exponential and logarithmic functions3614.Degrees, minutes, seconds38 Review calculator exercises41 Calculator solutions42 Your notes44Mastering the Calculator using the Casio fx-82MS1IntroductionThis is one in a series of booklets prepared to assist students who are learning to use a calculator. They have been prepared by staff in The Learning Centre from the Learning and Teaching Support Unit (LTSU) at USQ. The series comprises:Mastering the calculator•Using the Casio fx-100s (also suitable for Casio fx-570)•Using the Casio fx-100AU•Using the Casio fx-82LB•Using the Casio fx-82TL•Using the Casio fx-82MS•Using the Sharp EL-531LH•Using the Sharp EL-556L•Using the Sharp EL-531RHThe instructions in this booklet only explain some of the keys available on your calculator necessary for basic work in data manipulation. If you require more assistance please contact The Learning Centre. If you would like information about other support services available from The Learning Centre, please contactThe Learning Centre (TLC)Learning and Teaching Support Unit (LTSU), S-BlockThe University of Southern QueenslandTelephone: 07 4631 2751Email:***********.auFax: 07 4631 1801Home page: .au/ltsuNote the booklets are also available online at the above address (follow the prompts).2Mastering the Calculator using the Casio fx -82MSA word about starting out•Make sure you are in the correct mode selection and that all previous data is cleared.•Example: To perform arithmetic operations press •To clear all values press •To clear memory pressThe screen displaysPress to clear memory•If your calculator has FIX or SCI on the display pressthree timesappears on the screenpress 3, then 2 so you are in Normal mode.•If your calculator has RAD or GRAD on the display press two timesappears on the screenpress 1 so you are in Degree mode.Mcl ModeAllMastering the Calculator using the Casio fx-82MS3•There is also a mode which gives you a preference for displaying the decimal point as a dot or comma as 34.26 or 34, 26.PressPressPress Press4Mastering the Calculator using the Casio fx -82MS1.Addition and subtraction1.1 To add numbers(it is shown on the photograph of the calculator here).ExampleTo add 7 and 3, typeThe display should read 10ExampleI want to find the total amount I earned in the past four weeks. If I earned $471, $575, $471 and $528, the key strokes would beThe display should read 2045.Mastering the Calculator using the Casio fx-82MS5and continue.ExampleExampleIf I want to add 471 and 575 but I typedThe display should read 1 046.‘Try practising cancelling with the1.3 The keys are used when you to delete other dataExampleIf you typed:471 + 546PressThe display should read 1 047.Practice using this key when replacing digits, operation keys (+ – ×÷), or more than one digit (use the DEL key).You can also use the insert key to insert anything you omitted. ExampleIf you typed 471 + 56the display should read 1047.1.4 To subtract numbersFind the key (it is shown on the photograph of the calculator following). ExampleTo subtract 35 from 257, typeThe display should read 222Example348 – 24 – 19The keystrokes areThe display should read 305.Sometimes you may have a sum like this:-7 + 4You can use theThe key strokes areThe display should read -3.You could also use the keystrokesIn this case the calculator recognises the – as a negative (not recommended to do it this way).2.Multiplication and division 2.1 To multiply numbersFind the key (it is shown on the photograph of your calculator here).ExampleTo multiply 7 and 3, typeThe display should read 21To find 753 × 492, typeThe display should read 370 4762.2 To divide numbersExampleTo divide 35 by 7, type The display should read 5To divide 7 905 by 85, typeThe display should read 93To divide 56 by 23947 typeThe display should read 0.002338497If it reads 2.3385×10-03 or something similar, then your calculator is in SCI (Scientific mode).See page 2 to change to NORM (normal mode).2.3 Combining multiplication and divisionExampleIf the question isthen it is really 27 ÷ 7 ÷ 4.Try it.The display should read 0.9642857142774×-----------3.BracketsFind the set of bracket keys on your calculator.The fx-100AU allows you to use many sets of brackets.ExampleDo the calculation 471 – (93 + 11 + 2) on the calculator. (Make sure your calculation is in ordinary comp. mode –)The keystrokes required are The display should read 365.Sometimes in calculations you will see other grouping symbols, for example, { } (called braces), [ ] (called square brackets).Try these examples:Exercise 1(a)25 + (7 + 2 – 4)(b)18 (3 + 7) [a multiplication sign is understood 18 × (3 + 7)] but you don’t need to press the× key(c)4 + 5 [2 (3 + 7)][to use two sets of brackets just press the same button](d)Answers:30; 180; 104; 14.Powers4.1 Squaring and higher powers62 means 6 × 6. You can use the square key to do this calculation. (It is shown on the photograph of your calculator here.)532+()----------------Pressthe display should read 36.Or you can use the power key on your calculator.Find the ^ key on your calculator (similar to the key on your computer keyboard).ExampleTo square 6,that is, find 62, typeThe display should read 36To find 273 the required key strokes areand the display should read 19683.If you have learnt your multiplication tables you will already know the squares of the whole numbers from 1 to 12 and thus be able to complete much of the following table.__________________________________________________________________________Exercise 2Use your calculator to find the squares of the whole numbers from 13 to 25 and any other squares you are unsure of.__________________________________________________________________________12 = 1112 =212 =22 = 4122 =222 =32 = 9132 =232 = 52942 =142 =242 = 57652 =152 =252 = 62562 =162 =72 =172 =82 =182 =92 =192 =102202Exercise 3You can use this key for other powers as well. Try these examples(a)74(b)810(c)(0.4)6 (you do not have to type the brackets in)(d)(–7)6 (you need to type the brackets in)(e)50.4(f)5–4__________________________________________________________________________Answers:(a)2401(b)1073741824(c)4.096 × 10–3 or 0.004096 (you move the decimal 3 places to the left)(d)(e)1.903653939(f)0.0016 [Just press–4 is the same as so you could press__________________________________________________________________________4.2 Square rootFinding the square root of a number ‘undoes’ or ‘neutralises’ the squaring of the number and vice versa. The symbol for square root is(This is called the radical sign)The square root of 36 is written as Now because 62 = 36, .Find the square root key on your calculator and type154-----36366=The display will read 6.What do you think is? =__________________________________________________________________________You should have said 9 because 92 = 81(Check your calculator)__________________________________________________________________________What do you think will be? You should have said ‘you can’t find the square root of a negative’ since you can’t find a number that squares to give a positive. Your calculator will say Math ERROR.Exercise 4Try these by looking at the table of squares you completed on the previous page and then check your answers on your calculator__________________________________________________________________________The answers are 4, 12, 10, 21, 7, 13, 11, 19.Let’s now check that taking the square root neutralises squaring.Try this on your calculator.Find the square root of 3 squared that is, The key strokes required are The display should read 3Because squaring and taking square roots are inverse operations , the order of the operatons can be reversed and the number is unaffected.So the square, of the square root of 3, should also equal 3Try it on your calculator. The key strokes required are__________________________________________________________________________(a) =(e)=(b) =(f) =(c) =(g) =(d) =(h) =818149–164914416910012144136132Exercise 5Complete the following without using the calculator(a)=(b)=(c)=(d)=10(e)=625(f)=144(g)=,because 82=(h)=,because =121(i)=,because =Check your answers on the calculator.__________________________________________________________________________4.3 Other rootson your calculator. To get to thiskey you must press shift first.727210222264121225Look at the examples below.Examples(a)9½and the display should read 3.orand the display should read 3.(b)and the display should read 2.(c)16¼and the display should read 2.Note:•Root key is a function at the back of the power key, so you will need to activate it with theSHIFT key•See the key . The x stands for the root you want to take so it is typed first.•From the examples above you may have seen that . is called a fractionalindex.813--x 813--83=813--5.FractionsHow do you add and ? Normally you would have to find a common denominator of252.So:Or you can use your calculator to add fractions. Find the key On the key the ‘a ’ represents the whole part of a mixednumber and the ‘’ represents the fraction part of a mixed number.When the number you are typing is a proper or improper fraction the ‘a ’ is zero and there is no need to type a value for it.112-----463-----112-----463-----+21252--------16252--------+37252--------==a b c--fraction keya bc --bc--The key storkes required for the calculation are:and the display will show 37252 which is read as ExampleFindUsing the calculator the key strokes are:and the display will show 87172 which is read asNote if you now press. So this key turns a mixed fractionIf you press thei.e. 8.9861111112-----463-----+d37252--------819--6372-----+d d87172-----64772--------ing the x –1 keyThis is a very useful key in more complex calculations. Find the key on your calculator.ExampleLook at this simple example is the same as You can input this in your calculator by pressingThe answer should be 0.571428571. This would be the same as if you just typed 4 ÷ 7Take another example Type:The answer should be 0.05194805147--417--×483+()7×-------------------------7.Scientific notationSometimes you may have numbers expressed in scientific notation, i.e., 7.24 × 103 instead of 7240. When a number is multiplied by 103right. You can do this on the calculator by using the key.PressIf you want to multiply two numbers e.g. 8.34 × 10–2 × 4.28 × 105. Pressand the display will read 35695.2If you presswhich means 3.56952 × 104. Pressing the mode three times gives youthe displayThe puts the calculator in scientific notation. The calculator then asks SCI 0~9? Thisgives the option of how many digits are displayed. The gives you 10 digits. Notice asmall sci appears in the screen.If you press ×1004whichmeans3.570 × 104. This rounds the number to 4 digits.Practise using the and keys on your calculator8.Factorial x!Look at your calculator and find the key with the symbol x! on it. You will come across this symbol when doing the Binomial Distribution. This is called the factorial key.3! means 3 × 2 × 1 and 5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 13! = 65! = 120How many ways would you guess that we could arrange ten people?That is, how large would you estimate 10! to be? Use your calculator to find 10!You should get 3 628 800.10! = 10 × 9 × 8 × ... × 3 × 2 × 1(Thank goodness this can be done on the calculator.)Factorial ruleThe number of ways of arranging n items in order is known as ‘factorial n’ which is symbolised as n! where:n! = n× (n – 1) × (n – 2) × ... × 3 × 2 × 1ing memoryTo calculate the following it may be useful to use the memory key for each term:Example:To make sure memory is clear, first pressorand make sure you are in normal calculation mode [may need to press mode 1].An M appears in the display when you put something in memory.916–()216---------------------2316–()216------------------------1716–()216------------------------++key to activate M–)To do the calculation above, press the following keys- this puts the first term (3.0625) into the memory then press- this adds the second term (3.0625) into memory then press- this adds the third term 0.0625 to memory.To find the answer press The answer should be 6.1875.Example 2calculate the following:firstpress the following keys:your answer should be 11.39917438(There are other memory keys in your calculator – the A to F keys, accessed by using SHIFTSTO and RCL – try them yourselves.)1817---------1717---------1217---------++10.Statistics10.1 Mean and standard deviation – single dataThe formula for the mean is The formulas for the sample standard deviation are(sample)(population)Your calculator will calculate the mean and standard deviation for you (the populationstandard deviation or the sample standard deviation – in data calculations you will usually use the sample standard deviation.)On the Casio fx -82MS , σ and s are found in s-V AR. The positions of keys needed are shown on the diagram below.x Σxn-----=σn σn -1input data keyTo find the mean and standard deviation,firstly you must access the statistics mode of the calculator by using the keysfollowed bySD will appear in the centre of the screen.Note that once you are in the statistics mode, the keys shown within the blue lines are active.There are 3 such keys on the Casio fx -82MS. Make sure you can locate them. Before starting any computations always clear the statistic’s memories using Scl. PressI will use the data set A (–5, 2, 3, 4, 11) to demonstrate the use of the calculator. Note that I have shown the use of thekey where necessary.Step 1: Input the e theThe display should read n = 5. (This means 5 observations have been input).Step 3: Display the mean and standard deviation.Pressthe display shows three alternativesPressx σn = 5.099019514Pressx σn –1 = 5.700877126ExampleUse your calculator to find the mean, standard deviation and variance for data set B: –18, 1, 3, 9, 20.(the variance is the square of the standard deviation)__________________________________________________________________________After you are in the statistics mode and cleared the statistics memories, the keystrokes required are:The mean is 3, the standard deviation is 13.87 and the variance is 192.5. button accesses a number of extra statistical functions.If you have made an error with inputting your data you can correct it by using the up and down key.For example, you inputreads x 3 = 60, then pressIn the example below, the progressive calculations are shown simply to give you someunderstanding of the underlying processes – you should do one or two examples in detail and then check them by calculator.=Σx 2 =815=Σx = 15=n= 510.2 Mean and standard deviation of frequency distributionGiven below is the frequency table for the weights (kg) of a random sample of 30 first year university female students. Find the standard deviation, the variance and the mean.The calculations needed to obtain the standard deviation without statistical keys for these data are:Σx 2 = 602 × 2 + 612 × 14 + 622 × 8 + 632 + 642 × 5 = 114 495Σx = 60 × 2 + 61 × 14 + 62 × 8 + 63 + 64 × 5 = 1 853s = = Thus:s= 1.2 kg and s 2 = 1.4 kg 2= Note: In calculations like the above you should carry as many decimals as possible until thefinal result. The number of decimals to be retained at the end depends on the accuracy of the data values – one rule of thumb is to have one more decimal than in the original data.Notice how the frequencies were used in the above calculation.The calculator usage now has a small modification because we have been given the frequencies for the variable values. (There is no need to input each single observation.)Graduate’s weight(kg)FrequencyCumulative frequency6022611416628246312564530Σx i 2Σx i ()2n ⁄–n 1–--------------------------------------114 495 1 853()230⁄–29-------------------------------------------------------114 495114 453.6333–29--------------------------------------------------------- 1.4264==Σx n -----185330-----------61.8 kg==The keystrokes required are:The display should read n = 30.Thus, as expecteds = 1.2 kg, s 2 = 1.4 kg 2 and = 61.8 kg Exercise 6Find the mean, standard deviation and variance of (a)The annual rainfall data for the years 1971 – 1990Year 1971197219731974197519761977197819791980Rain (mm) 1 3409901 1201 7362601 1001 3791 1251 4301 446Year 1981198219831984198519861987198819891990Rain (mm)1 4591 6781 3459781 0021 1101 5461 6721 4671 123x(b)The sample of snail foot lengthsAnswers:(a)Rainfall statisticsmean:µ = 1 265.3 mm standard deviation:= 336.4 mm variance:σ2 = 113141.7 mm2 (b)Snail statistics mean:standard deviation:s = 0.70 cm variance:s2 = 0.49 cm2Snail foot length (cm)2.2 4.13.54.5 3.2 3.7 3.0 2.63.4 1.6 3.1 3.3 3.8 3.14.7 3.72.5 4.33.4 3.6 2.9 3.3 3.9 3.13.3 3.1 3.74.4 3.2 4.1 1.9 3.44.7 3.8 3.2 2.6 3.9 3.0 4.2 3.5σn-111.Linear regressionTo access the linear regression mode you presskey once followed bythen a small REG appearsExampleSuppose we had a sample of 10 of the same type of banana. Their lengths and skin thicknesses were measured. Below is a summary of the results.STEPS1.(1 = Linear Regression; there are 5 other types)2.Think of the sample of bananas as having two variables:– let x be the variable length of banana – let y be the variable thickness of bananaBanana 12345678910Length (mm)16.215.816.514.916.916.815.615.615.715.4Thickness (mm)1.11.21.11.00.91.21.11.20.90.8accesses the keys with ⎡ ⎤ in blueFor each banana you have to put in both numbers.To put in the first set of numbers, press the following keys:is used for the 2nd variableContinue in this mannerAfter you have input all the numbers.The display should read n = 10To find the linear regression equation in the formy = a + b xPressPress∴There is not a high correlation between the thickness of bananas and the length of bananas tested.The calculator will also give you other statistics about this sample. Use to get the mean thickness (1.055mm) or the standard deviation (0.64mm).x σy σn –1:12.Trigonometric functionsThe keys involved are:Important : Make sure that your calculator is in the correct mode. For example, if your calculator has R or G on the display and you wish to work in degrees, press mode twice and then select 1 for degrees. Your screen should now display D.Example 1In the right-angled triangle below, the length of the side opposite the 20° angle needs to be calculated.To find the length of the side labelled xcm, useThe keystrokes on the calculator are:Example 2In the right-angled triangle below, the length of the hypotenuse needs to be calculated.To find the length of the side labelled x cm, use:The keystrokes on the calculator are:The display should read 20.466631, so the length of the hypotenuse is about 20.5 cm.Example 3Given the lengths of two of the sides in the right-angled triangle below, find the value of the angle θin degrees:To find the value of θ, you need to use the cos –1 key. The calculator keystrokes are:Note: You must first get the value of the division by using the brackets.Your display should read 60°. If it does not, check that you are in degree mode.13.Exponential and logarithmic functionsThere are two log keys on your calculator, with their associated exponential keys. The latter are accessed by first using the shift key:The ‘log’ key uses base 10 and the ‘ln’ key uses base e (natural logarithm).Example 1Solve equation Taking logs of both sides;To find the value of a , the keystrokes are:The display should read 4.3219281.So, . Confirm this by using theExample 2Given , find the value of y The key is above the log key. Hence the keystrokes are:The display should read 38.370725Example 3 (harder)Given , find the value of xTo find log x , the calculator keystrokes are:2a 20=4.32220≈log y 1.584=log y 1.584= y ⇒101.584=10x log x 6 1.5=The display should read 0.5187675.Since this is the value of log x , you still need to find x where Without removing the answer of 0.5187675 on your display, press:Your display should now read 3.3019272Note: You could use the ‘ln’ key instead of the ‘log’ key – the answer would still be the same. Try it!14.Degrees, minutes, secondsThe key involved isThis key can be used for problems involving degrees, minutes and seconds or hours, minutes and seconds.0.518767510x=Example 1Suppose that you have a trigonometric problem where the angle involved is given in degreesand minutes. e.g. Find x where ’The keystrokes involved are:The display should show 1.728343, so x is approximately 1.73Example 2If you wish to convert an angle in degrees to its equivalent in degrees, minutes and seconds:e.g. 34.88°, the keystrokes are:The display should read 34°52°48.Example 3To find the sum of 5 hours 52 minutes 30 seconds and 7 hours 45 minutes 49 seconds:The keystrokes are:The display should read 13.638611 (hours).x 4sin 25° 36×=Review calculator exercises1.Perform the following calculations(i)(5 + 4) × 3(ii)12.5 – 8 ÷ 0.5(iii)(iv)(v)(vi)(vii)(viii)(ix)(x)(xi)2.The following data is on growth (in $m) in an economy over a 8 year period:2.56.2-2.10.048.27.42.1-1.7Calculate (i) Σx(ii) Σx 2(iii) (Σx )2Explain in words what each of these mean.368–×4--------------------12.816.5 3.8–-----------------------70.4117+×47+()2×-------------------------------2.434--------145.617.225⁄–345.617.22–5⁄25327×1.0230--------------------+4.1333 3.000–() 2.0150.136626------------------0.200026------------------+±10090–()290---------------------------5060–()260------------------------2030–()230------------------------++Calculator solutions1.(i)(5 + 4) ×3= 27Make sure your calculation is in comp mode.(ii)12.5 – 8 ÷ 0.5= -3.5(iii)= 2.5Either (3 × 6 – 8) ÷ 4 = or 3 × 6 – 8 = ÷ 4 =(iv)= 1.007874Either 12.8 ÷ (16.5 – 3.8) = or 16.5 – 3.8 = x –1× 12.8 =(v)= 0.9Either ... ÷ ((4 + 7) × 2) = or ... ÷ (4 + 7) ÷ 2 =(vi)= 3.2Either 2.4 ÷ (3 ÷ 4) =, or 2.4 ÷ 3 a b/c 4 = (vii)= 9.296..Either 145.6 – 17.2x 2 ÷ 5 = √ =, or √ (145.6 – 17.2x 2 ÷ 5) =(viii)= 1.41..Either 345.6 – 17.2x 2 = √ ÷ 5 = or (345.6 – 17.2x 2) √ ÷ 5 =(ix)= 39.498525 + 3 × 27 ÷ 1.02 ÷ √ 30 =(x)= 1.3325 or 0.9341368–×4--------------------12.816.5 3.8–-----------------------70.417+×47+()2×----------------------------2.434--------145.617.225⁄–345.617.22–5⁄25327×1.0230--------------------+4.1333 3.000–() 2.0150.136626------------------0.200026------------------+±Calculator keys:0.1366 x 2 ÷ 6 + .2 x 2 ÷ 6 = √ = x 2.015 ==(xi)= 6.1111Calculator keys:(100 – 90) x 2 ÷ 90 + (50 – 60) x 2 ÷ 60 + (20 – 30) x 2 ÷ 30 =2.The following data is on growth (in $m) in an economy over a 8 year period:2.56.2-2.10.048.27.42.1-1.7Calculate (i) Σx(ii) Σx 2(iii) (Σx )2Explain in words what each of these mean.To do this on the calculator, you must be in SD mode. Enter the data:mode 1 2.5 M+ 6.2 M+ (–) 2.1 M+ .04 M+ 8.2 M+ 7.4 M+ 2.1 M+ (–) 1.7 M+(i)22.64Press the key that says ΣxThis gives the total growth over the last 8 years(ii)178.4016Press the key that says Σx 2of the squares of the growth in each year(iii)512.5696Press Σx and x 2. This gives the square of the sum of the growth.10090–()290---------------------------5060–()260------------------------2030–()230------------------------++Your notes。
卡西欧计算器fx-82ES、fx-82ES_Plus系列列方程的方法(键盘操作)
卡西欧计算器fx-82ES、fx-82ES Plus系列列方程的方法（键盘操作）方法一：软升级至fx-991ES（仅适用于fx-82ES）1.shift2.(Pol)3.14.shift5.(,)6.17.)8.=9.狂按分数线，直到按到顶不动为止（似乎是6个）10.按= （显示Syntax ERROR 不要管它），AC，左11.112.幂（在方向键下面，就是X上面有个小白框的键）13.=14.AC15.向上键16.AC17.向左键三次18.DEL19.根号Ans20.=21、十个Ans22、两个log■□23.右右右，按“（”按到乱码涨上来，大概10个24.=右，左左按“sin（”按到乱码涨上来，大概7个25.=右，左，按7个“（”不停重复25步......直到屏幕上的乱点消失，光标不见26.AC27.shift+9+128.升级成功，请修复后用线性模式按mode出现8个，可以自由转换，EQN也可以用了，最大缺陷是在数学模式下计算就死机。
注：EQN模式就是方程模式。
方法二：升级至牛顿解方程功能（仅适用于fx-82ES）1.打出r（正常模式下，具体方法看上面）2.r前一分之一3.M+4.出现错误，别管他按AC5.5个分数线6.=7.ac8.←9.+10.111.幂（会变为线性格式）12.=13.ac14.1÷215.shift+9+1 + = + =alpha+abs是=shift+abs是解方程方法三、利用START模式（适用于fx-82ES、fx-82ES Plus系列）很多人说fx-82ES PLUS不能解方程，其实并非如此，它可以解一部分方程，但过程有些麻烦，不如95和991的EQN好用。
82ES PLUS可以解下列方程1、一元一次方程2、一元二次方程3、二元一次方程组4、少数分式方程5、比例式首先按MODE，按2(STAT)。
一元一次方程(说例统计表中，第一行X和Y都是0(只需要在X列按一下0和=就行了)，第二行X列输入a的值(这里是8)，Y列打出c-b的值(这里打21-5或打16都行)，按AC，按SHIFT，按1，按5(Reg)，按2(B)，按等号，显示的值就是方程的解了。
卡西欧fx-82TL计算器说明书
300 ѿ 500 500
҂
100
҃
160
(%)
300 + 500 A v
160.00
• 範例 6：若溫度由 40℃升高至 46℃﹐問溫度升高的百分 比為多少？
46
Ҁ 40
40
҂
100
҃
15
(%)
46 , 40 A v
15.
科學函數計算
• 使用 COMP 模式進行科學函數計算• π ҃ 3.14159265359
換一次電池-而 fx-82TL 型計算器則須每 2 年更換一次電 池-
電量耗盡的電池會泄漏液體﹐使計算器造成損壞及出 現故障-因此切勿將電量耗盡的電池留放在計算器內• 本機所附帶的電池在出廠後的搬運﹑保管過程中會有輕微 的電源消耗-因此﹐其壽命可能會比正常的電池壽命要 短• 如果電池的電力過低﹐存儲器的內容將會發生錯誤或完全 消失-因此﹐對於所有重要的數據﹐請務必另作記錄• 避免在溫度極端的環境中使用及保管計算器-
• 每當您在輸入數值或算式後按 = 鍵﹐計算結果即會自動 存入答案存儲器中-按 g 鍵即可顯示答案存儲器中的內 容-
• 答案存儲器可儲存 12 位數的尾數及 2 位數的指數• 若進行上述鍵操作後所得出的計算結果為一錯誤
（ERROR）時﹐答案存儲器中的值則不會更新-
基本計算
• 進行基本計算時使用 COMP 模式• 範例 1：3҂(5҂10-9)
低溫會使顯示畫面的反應變得緩慢遲鈍或完全無法顯 示﹐亦會縮短電池的使用壽命-此外﹐應避免計算器受到 太陽的直接照射﹐亦不要將其放置在諸如窗邊﹐發熱器的 附近等任何會造成高溫的地方-高溫會使本機機殼褪色或 變形及會損壞內部電路• 避免在高濕度及多灰塵的地方使用及存放本機-
2款卡西欧计算器使用方法
一、 进入直线回归计算功能
1、按
2、按顺序依次按
清除内存原有数据；
二、输入需要回归计算的数据，
每组数据按下述格式重复进行，直到全部数据输完 ：
<X i 数据> <Y i 数据> 例题：
数据输入方法： 0 0
0.2 0.003
0.5 0.012
1 0.027
2 0.059
输完数据后调出a 、b 、r 值的方法：
1、调出
a
2、调出
b
3、调出r
由此可以得出: a= -0.002, b=0.030, r=0.998
二、 进入直线回归计算功能
1、按顺序依次按
清除内存原有数据；
2、按A+BX ）进入直线回归模式，将看到以下数据输入屏幕：
二、输入需要回归计算的数据， 例题：
数据输入方法：
输入数值后，按下
键。
可用方向键选择要输入的单元格。
X 、Y 数值均输完后，按下键，切换到STAT 计算屏幕。
三、输完数据后调出A 、B
、r 值的方法：
1、调出A
2、调出B
3、调出r
由此可以得出: a= -0.002, b=0.030, r=0.998。
卡西欧fx系列电子计算器全型号使用说明书
是一个FX-82ES计算机，按下MODE键会显示出三个功能。
同时按下SHIFT-7-ON键（此功能用于出厂测试计算器，嘿嘿），并连按多次SHIFT后，会出现如（图二）所显示的内容。
其中P3便代表FX-82ES的模式，现在我们就要将其修改为FX-991ES的模式。
图(二)图(三)关闭计算器，拆开计算器，可以看到如（图三）的电路板。
找到P4引脚，可以看到当中有条裂缝，用指甲将上面的（尤其是裂缝中的）氧化层刮去，随后用软性铅笔（如2B）在裂缝上涂满，确保裂缝中有足够的碳粉可以导通P4引脚后。
打开计算器，按下MODE，可以看到如图(四)的画面,变成8种模式功能，原来只有3种）这说明你的计算器改装成功了。
图(四)同时按下SHIFT-7-ON键，并连按多次SHIFT后，可以看到如（图五）的画面，P?说明你的计算器连接了两个P引脚，变得十分怪胎了，不过这并不影响使用。
其实，P引脚是用来设置计算机型号的。
卡西欧公司从成本上考虑，将一些计算器使用相同的电路板，只是通过P来设置型号。
可以看到FX-82ES计算器的P3引脚是连通的，而其它的引脚都有一条裂缝。
如果你有兴趣，可以尝试连通其它的，会出现不同的功能，不过连接P4后的功能是最多的，与FX-991ES的功能完全一样。
（如果错了，橡皮擦擦了就好了）改装后的计算器有部分按键与原计算器不同，这里提供了对照表（图六）希望注意。
附：1.卡西欧FX-991ES说明书下载地址：/CALC/DOWNLOAD/CN/MANUAL/2.卡西欧FX-82ES大家可以去本地的文具批发市场和是小一些的商场，和是网络商店，你可以去里面逛逛，一般批发价为48元，零售价为55元左右（如果是大商场80多）。
而FX-991ES的价格为120-160元之间（如果是大商场300多）3.考研规定FX-911ES计算机是肯定能用的，FX-82ES是更不用说了。
所以改装的FX-82ES考研不管能不能用，自己用都是最不错的选择。
CASIO FX-82MS 说明书
含分数及小数值的计算结果总是为小数.
k FIX, SCI, RND
要改变小数位数、有效位数或指数显示格式的设定时，请 按 F 键数次直到下示设置画面出现为止.
(
)
0.5
q ..... 2(Rad) WRAx\3T=
光标时输入的字符将会被插入到光标目前的位置. 按 A K 键或 = 键可将光标从插入光标返回至普通光标.
5-R9+7T=
安全注意事项
在使用本计算器前， 务请详细阅读下述安全注意事项.务请将 本用户说明书存放在易於取阅的地方以便日后随时查用.
等号 = 键前的所有 T 键操作均可省略 .
k 分数计算
u分数பைடு நூலகம்算
当分数值的位数总和(整数 + 分子 + 分母 + 分号)超过 10 位时，本计算器即会自动以小数的格式显示该数值 . 2 范例 1： 3 1 5
A
A B 100
k 独立存储器
数值可直接输入存储器，可与存储器中的数值相加，亦可从 存储器减去数值.独立存储器对於计算累积总和很方便. 独立存储器与变量 M 所使用的存储区相同. 若要清除独立存储器(M)中的数值，键入 0 A j 3 (M ) 即可 . 范例： 23 53 9 6 2
A B B
1r
32 47 90
23 + 9 A j 3 (M ) 53 , 6 | 45 - 2 A {
取下和装上计算器保护壳
在开始之前 ..... 1 如图所示握住保护壳并将机体从保护壳抽出 . 结束后 ..... 2 如图所示握住保护壳并将机体从保护壳抽出 . 机体上键盘的一端必须先推入保护壳 切勿将显示屏的一 . 端先推入保护壳 .
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CASIO fx-82ES 83 85 300 350ES 用户说明书
/edu/RCA502139-001V01Chfx-82ES fx-83ES fx-85ES fx-300ES fx-350ES User's Guide用戶說明書REPLAY按鍵功能第二功能有關本說明書•圖樣MATH 顯示出使用數學格式的範例，而圖樣LINE 表示的是線性的格式。
有關輸入輸出格式的詳細內容，請見「指定輸入 / 輸出的格式」章節。
•按鍵上的圖樣表示該鍵輸入值或是它所執行的功能。
範例：1,2,+,-,!,A 等。
•按下1或是S 鍵，接著按下第二鍵，將會執行第二鍵的第二功能。
該鍵的第二功能標示在該鍵上方。
•以下顯示出第二功能鍵的不同顏色的文字標記。
假如按鍵圖樣它代表的意義是的文字是黃色按下1鍵和本鍵就可以使用本應用鍵的功能。
紅色按下S 鍵和本鍵就可以輸入可用的變數、常數和符號。
•以下顯示出本說明書中如何表示第二功能操作的範例。
範例：1s (sin –1)1=括弧內顯示加上（1s ）鍵之後真正執行的功能。
請注意本說明並非您實際鍵盤操作的一部分。
•以下顯示出本說明書如何示範按鍵操作以便選定螢幕上選單項目的範例。
範例：1(Setup )顯示出由之前的數字鍵操作（1）所選定的選單項目。
請注意本說明並非您實際鍵盤操作的一部分。
•游標鍵是由四個箭頭鍵來標示，表示其方向，如以下圖示。
本說明書中，游標鍵操作是由f 、c 、d 、e來表示。
•本說明書和另外的附錄中的顯示和說明（例如：按鍵圖樣），僅供說明使用，和它們實際所代表的項目可能會有些許的不同。
•本說明書的內容可能會有所更動，不再另行通知。
•在任何情況下，卡西歐計算機株式會社不因任何人在購買本產品及所屬項目，所引起的特殊、附帶的，或結果性的損害，而有連帶責任或任何牽連。
除此之外，卡西歐計算機株式會社對於因任何一方由於使用本產品及其所屬項目而引起的任何求償不負有任何賠償責任。
■ 使用另外的附錄每當您在本說明書中看到附錄符號時，它代表您應該參閱另外的附錄。
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計算器的廢物處理
• 切勿焚燒計算器Ą若此﹐ 會使計算器某些元件突然激射﹐ 產生起火或者人身傷害的風險Ą
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操作注意事項
• 首次使用計算器之前﹐務必先按下 O 鍵Ą • 即使計算器運行正常﹐也請至少每三年 （LR44(GPA76)） 或者 每兩年 （R03(UM-4)） 或者每年 （LR03(AM4)） 更換一次電池Ą 電量耗盡的電池可能會發生電池液洩漏﹐ 造成計算器損壞或 者功能不正常Ą切勿將電量耗盡的電池留在計算器內Ą • 計算器隨附的電池﹐ 在裝運與存放期間可能會出現輕微的放 電Ą因此﹐ 它可能比正常預計的電池壽命要短﹐ 需要提前更 換Ą • 電力不足可能會使存儲器內容損壞或者永遠丟失Ą應始終保 存所有重要數据的書面記錄Ą • 應避免在易於受到極高或者極低溫度的地區使用或者存放計 算器Ą 很低的溫度可能引起顯示反應緩慢﹑ 顯示完全出現故障﹑ 並 縮短電池壽命Ą此外﹐ 應避免計算器受到太陽光直射﹐ 將之 放置於靠近窗戶﹐ 靠近電熱器或者任何暴露於高溫之處Ą受 熱會使計算器機殼褪色或變形﹐並損壞內部電路Ą • 應避免在易於受到大量濕氣與灰塵影響的地方使用與存放計 算器Ą 應小心﹐ 切勿將計算器放置在可能被潑到水﹐ 或是暴露於高 濕度或者高灰塵的環境中Ą這種情況會損壞內部電路Ą • 切勿使計算器跌落或者以其它方式使其受到強力衝擊Ą • 切勿扭曲或者彎曲計算器Ą 請不要將計算器放入您的褲袋或者其它緊身服內﹐因為這 樣﹐可能會使計算器發生扭曲或者彎曲Ą • 切勿嘗試拆開計算器Ą • 切勿用原子筆或者其它尖銳物體按壓計算器的按鍵Ą • 使用柔軟的乾布拭淨計算器的外部Ą 假如計算器很髒﹐請用沾有弱性水溶液與溫和的中性家用清 潔劑的布塊拭淨之Ą在擦拭計算器之前﹐應先擰去過多的水 分Ą切勿使用稀釋劑﹑苯或者其它揮發性溶液來清潔計算 器Ą這樣會擦掉印刷標記並會損壞計算器外殼Ą
A
M STO
RCL STAT 7 8 9 FIX SCI Math $` Disp
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重要！
• 對於非常複雜的計算﹐或是需要長時間執行的其他種類計 算﹐當其在內部執行計算的同時﹐在屏幕上可能只會顯示上 述指示符 （沒有任何數值） Ą
計算模式和計算器設定
■ 計算模式
當您想要執行此類型操作時 一般計算 統計和回歸計算 在表達式的基礎上產生數字表格 選擇此模式 COMP STAT TABLE
• 當顯示屏上出現模式菜單（當您按下N 時出現）的同時﹐ 您也可以使用 d 與 e 鍵來調整對比度Ą
重要！
• 假如調整顯示屏對比度﹐ 並未改善顯示可讀性﹐ 則很有可能 是電力不夠Ą請更換電池Ą
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■ 有關顯示屏
您的計算器擁有 31 點 × 96 點的 LCD 畫面Ą 例﹕
輸入表達式 計算結果
{
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安全注意事項
使用計算器之前﹐ 請務必閱讀下述安全注意事項Ą請將本手冊 存放於近處﹐以供今後參考使用Ą
注意
此符號用於指示﹐若忽略含有此符號的相關信息﹐可能會 造成人身傷害或者物質損害Ą
電池
• 將計算器的電池取出之后﹐應放置於安全之處﹐避免小 孩用手觸摸﹐以及意外吞食Ą • 應將電池放置於小孩用手夠不到之處Ą倘若電池被意外 吞食﹐應立即與醫生聯繫Ą • 切勿為電池充電﹐嘗試拆開電池﹐或者使電池發生短 路Ą切勿將電池暴露於直接受熱之處或者焚燒電池Ą • 電池若使用不當﹐則可能引起電池液體洩漏並損壞附近 物品﹐並且可能引起火災以及人身傷害的危險Ą • 當您將電池裝入計算器時﹐ 應始終確保電池的正極 k 和負極 l 終端朝向正確Ą • 若您打算長時間不使用計算器時﹐應取出電池 Ğfx-82ES/fx-83ES/fx-350ESğ Ą • 僅限於使用本手冊內為此型號計算器所指定類型的電 池Ą
輸入普通的函數
當您輸入下述任何普通函數﹐ 它會自動加入一左括號 （(） Ą接 著﹐您需要輸入自變量與右括號 （)） Ą sin(, cos(, tan(, sin–1(, cos–1(, tan–1(, sinh(, cosh(, tanh(, sinh–1(, cosh–1(, tanh–1(, log(, ln(, e^(, 10^(, '(, 3'(, Abs(, Pol(, Rec(, Rnd( 例﹕sin 30 = LINE s30)=
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使用計算器之前
■ 取下保護殼
使用計算器之前﹐ 將保護殼向下滑動並取下之﹐然後將保護殼 固定到計算器的背面﹐如下圖所示Ą
■ 接通或者斷開電源
• 按下 O 接通計算器電源Ą • 按下 1A(OFF) 斷開計算器電源Ą
■ 調整顯示對比度
1N(SETUP)c5(]CONT') 這會顯示對比度調整屏幕Ą使用 d 與 e 調整顯示對比度Ą 看到您所想要的設定之后﹐按下 A Ą
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• 線性格式會產生分數和其它表達式﹐ 以便在同一行中顯示Ą
Math
數學格式
線性格式
指定預設角度單位
將此指定為預設角度單位 度數 弧度 百分度 90° = 弧度 = 100百分度 2 執行此鍵操作 1N3(Deg) 1N4(Rad) 1N5(Gra)
π
指定顯示數字的位數
指定此 小數位數 有效數字位數 指數顯示範圍 計算結果顯示舉例 • Fix﹕您所指定的數值（從0至9）控制計算結果所要顯示的 小數位數Ą計算結果在顯示之前會先四捨五入到指定的小數 位數Ą 例﹕100 ÷ 7 = 14.286 (Fix3) 14.29 (Fix2) • Sci﹕您所指定的數值（從1至10）控制計算結果所要顯示的 有效數字位數Ą計算結果在顯示之前會先四舍五入到指定的 小數位數Ą 例﹕1 ÷ 7 = 1.4286 × 10–1 (Sci5) 1.429 × 10–1 (Sci4) • Norm﹕選擇兩個可供選擇的設定之一 （Norm1﹐Norm2） ﹐ 決定非指數格式顯示結果的範圍Ą在此指定範圍之外﹐計算 結果會以指數格式顯示Ą Norm1: 10–2 >x, x > 1010 Norm2: 10–9 >x, x > 1010 例﹕1 ÷ 200 = 5 × 10–3 (Norm1) 0.005 (Norm2) 執行此鍵操作 1N6(Fix)0–9 1N7(Sci)0–9 1N8(Norm)1 (Norm1)或者2(Norm2)
指定計算模式
(1)按下 N﹐顯示模式菜單Ą
(2)按下與您想要選擇模式相對應的數字鍵Ą • 例如﹕若要選擇 STAT 模式﹐請按下 2Ą
■ 配置計算器設定
按下1N(SETUP) 會顯示設定菜單Ą您可以用此設定菜單 來控制計算的進行與顯示的方式Ą設定菜單有兩個屏幕﹐ 您可 以使用 c 和 f 鍵﹐在它們之間進行切換Ą c
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指定分數顯示格式
指定此分數顯示格式 帶分數 假分數 執行此鍵操作 1Nc1(ab/c) 1Nc2(d/c)
指定統計上的顯示格式
使用下述步驟﹐打開或者關閉 STAT 模式的 STAT 編輯屏幕的 頻率 （FREQ） 欄顯示Ą 指定此 顯示 FREQ 欄位 隱藏 FREQ 欄位 執行此鍵操作 1Nc3(STAT)1(ON) 1Nc3(STAT)2(OFF)
REPLAY
Ck-1
• 本說明書和另外單獨的附錄中的顯示與圖示 （例如﹕按鍵標 記） ﹐僅用於圖示目的﹐與它們實際表示的項目可能會有些 許的不同Ą • 本手冊的內容若發生變化﹐恕不事先通知Ą • 在任何情況下﹐ 卡西歐計算機株式會社對於任何人因購買或 者使用本產品與隨附物品而引起的特別的﹑並行的﹑附帶 的﹑ 或者間接的損失﹐不承擔任何責任Ą此外﹐ 卡西歐計算 機株式會社對於因任何一方由於使用本產品與隨附物品而引 起的任何索賠概不負責Ą
■ 顯示屏指示符
顯示舉例﹕ 此指示符
S
STAT
表示 通過按下 1 鍵﹐ 鍵盤進入轉換鍵功能Ą當您 按下任一鍵時﹐所有鍵盤會解除轉換﹐而此指 示符會消失Ą 按下 S 鍵﹐ 會進入字母輸入模式Ą當您按下 任一鍵時﹐會退出字母輸入模式﹐而此指示符 會消失Ą 有一個存貯在獨立存儲器內的數值Ą 計算器正在等待輸入一個變量名稱﹐ 以便為此 變量指定一個數值Ą在您按下1t (STO)﹐ 出現此指示符Ą 計算器正在等待輸入一個變量名稱﹐ 以便檢索 此變量的數值Ą在您按下 t 之後﹐出現此指 示符Ą 計算器處於 STAT 模式Ą 預設角度單位為度數Ą 預設角度單位為弧度Ą 預設角度單位為百分度Ą 固定位數的小數位數有效Ą 固定位數的有效位數有效Ą 數學樣式被選定為輸入 / 輸出格式Ą 可提供並重現計算歷史存儲數據﹐ 或者在現有 屏幕之上或之下還有更多的數據Ą 顯示屏目前顯示多語句表達式的中間結果Ą
f • 有關如何使用“]CONT'”方面的信息﹐請參閱“調整顯 示對比度”Ą
指定輸入 / 輸出格式
有關此輸入 / 輸出格式 數學格式 (Math) 線性格式 (Linear) 執行此鍵操作 1N1(MthIO) 1N2(LineIO)
• 數學格式會產生分數﹑ 無理數和其它表達式﹐ 如同它們寫在 紙張上一樣顯示Ą
■ 使用單獨提供的附錄
每當您在本手冊中看到 附錄 符號時﹐ 即表示您應該參閱獨立 的附錄Ą 有關說明書中的舉例號碼 （如“<#021>” ） ﹐ 請參照 “附錄”中 對應的舉例號碼Ą 按照附錄中的標記指定角度單位﹕ Deg ﹕將角度單位指定為度數Ą Rad ﹕將角度單位指定為弧度Ą
計算器的初始化
當您想要初始化計算器時﹐請執行下述步驟﹐計算模式與設置 會返回至其初始預設Ą請注意﹐此項操作也會清除目前計算器 存儲器內的所有數據Ą 19(CLR)3(All)=(Yes) • 有關計算模式與設置設定信息﹐ 請參閱 “計算模式和計算器 設定”Ą • 有關存儲器信息﹐請參閱“使用計算器存儲器”Ą
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fx-82ES fx-83ES fx-85ES fx-300ES fx-350ES
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