镇江市简介

镇江市简介镇江是历史上有名的江南古城，地处江苏省南部的长江中下游南岸。

镇江下辖句容、丹阳、扬中3个县级市和京口、润州、丹阳、新区4个区。

历史上，镇江曾有朱方、谷阳、丹徒、京口、南徐、润州等称谓，早在秦始皇东巡江南时，始皇就被镇江雄伟的地理环境所震惊，为破其王气，发了300囚徒来此劈山断脉，镇江才有了丹徒之称，随着历史的变化，从隋代起镇江就被命名为润州。

后来由于地理位置的变化，宋徽宗将润州升格为镇江府，镇江之名一直沿用至今。

镇江依山傍水，三面山峰含黛，逶迤起伏，一方江流如带，波光粼粼，自然景观十分秀丽壮观，名胜古迹甚多。

最著名的风景区是沿江夹峙的三山——北固山、金山、焦山和南郊风景区。

金山以绮丽著名，焦山以熊秀见长，北固山以险峻称雄，南郊则以幽静取胜。

北宋大书法家米芾称其为“城市山林”。

如今，润扬大桥建成，一桥飞架，天堑变通途。

镇江的市花和市树分别为广玉兰和杜鹃花。

镇江三怪：香醋摆不坏，肴肉不当菜，面锅里煮锅盖。

镇江古塔：铁塔、昭关石塔、僧迦砖塔铁塔位于北固山后峰东南面，昭关石塔坐落在云台山北麓，石塔不远处是有名的古渡——西津渡，它是古时去金山和江北瓜州的主要渡口。

僧伽砖塔坐落于南门鼎石山王安石的“春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还”所描述的地点是镇江一带镇江历史名人是祖冲之和沈括四大发明中有三项和镇江有关丹阳有许多六朝陵墓石刻是因为其紧邻六朝古都南京，丹阳是南朝齐梁两帝的故里，中国人有叶落归根的传统。

佛教在中国的八大宗派：三论宗、瑜迦宗、天台宗、华严宗、禅宗、净土宗、律宗、斋宗镇江句容宝华山被誉为“天下律宗第一山”丹阳茅山镇江蒜山又名算山。

位于云台山上，因云台山上多产山蒜，故名为蒜山。

而算山是由于周瑜和武侯议拒曹操谋算与此，故而得名。

长江三大名楼为：湖北黄鹤楼、湖南岳阳楼、江苏多景楼（坐落于北固山甘露寺后面）金山寺裹山、焦山山裹寺、北固甘露寺冠山。

金山寺庙规模宏大，建筑依山就势，层层楼台自山脚直至山顶，似乎把整个山林严严实实包裹起来，无论远瞻近瞩，只见寺塔不见山林。

金山寺的建筑特色在中国古典建筑艺术中影响深远，北京颐和园的万寿山以及扬州瘦西湖的小金山，均借鉴了这种艺术特色。

焦山则不同，其寺庙建筑均藏于山林。

北固山的主峰临山而立，甘露寺高据峰巅，形成了寺冠山的特色。

焦山是至今任然坐落在镇江东北大江中的一座孤山，古时因此岛十分荒凉，仅有打樵人到此取名为樵山，东汉末年焦光居住于此改名为焦山。

又因此地竹木郁郁葱葱，宛如漂浮于江面取名为“浮玉”。

焦山历来有“书法之山”的美称。

其历来以文人古迹众多著称，其中尤以墨宝轩和摩崖石刻为最。

墨宝轩的碑刻仅次于西安碑林，有著名书法家颜真卿（唐）、苏东坡和米芾（宋）、吴镇（元）、文徵明和杨继盛（明）、郑板桥（清）等人的手迹。

北固山北邻江滩，石壁巍峨，形势险峻，故名北固。

进入北固山，人们仿佛回到了1700年前的三国时期，这里的一草一木大多与三国时期刘备招亲、孙刘联盟、北据曹操的历史故事有关。

北固山的甘露寺是电视剧《三国演义》中“周郎妙计安天下，赔了夫人又折兵”故事的发生地。

金山因古时候有人在此山挖到金子故而得名金山法海洞又名裴公洞，在慈寿塔西侧的悬崖上，洞中有法海和尚的雕塑一尊。

相传法海到此地，赶走了盘踞在洞中的白蛇，自己住下。

中国古代一般庙门朝南，金山寺的庙门朝西。

这是因为金山原来是耸立在长江中的一个岛屿，大江西来，浩浩东去，人们站立庙门，向西展望，方能充分领略群山西来，大江东去的场景。

它与苏州寒山寺庙门朝西有着异曲同工之妙。

慈寿塔有名金山塔，初建于齐梁时期，宋时改为双塔，后坍塌，明时重建，取名慈寿塔，现在的塔于清光绪年重建。

匾额上“天地同庚”二字是庆祝慈禧太后寿辰时写的。

“江天一览”四个大字中最后一个览字格外小，这是因为乾隆皇帝在欣赏到金山的优美风景后大笔一挥写出了前三个字，最后一个字由于笔画较多，皇帝忘记写了，只是不断地在口里念叨这四个字。

一位臣子灵机一动，提示说：“臣今见驾”，皇帝才想起来，不过由于底气不足，最后一个字明显小了许多。

金山有四宝：其一是周宣王时期的铜鼎，据鼎内铭文判断，该鼎是周宣王北伐得胜后为酬劳将士而铸。

其二是苏东坡的玉带，传说苏东坡与金山寺主持佛印比文，苏自恃才高八斗，无人能敌，但一时答不上后者的偈语，输掉了自己的玉带，后作为该寺的镇山之宝。

其三是明代吴门画派名家文徵明所绘的《金山图》。

四乃传说中诸葛所发明的铜鼓。

金山寺中的妙高台含义：又称晒经台，妙高是梵语中的各须弥山，这里借用来表示金山寺犹如天上的景色。

妙高台历来为中秋赏月的最佳去处。

900多年的一个中秋夜，时在山东任太守的苏东坡路过镇江，陪友人登妙高台赏月，乘兴另名歌手袁綯为其歌其怀弟之作《水调歌头》。

妙高台还是“梁红玉击鼓战金兵”的故事发生地。

金山寺中的楞迦台位于金山东南，传说是苏东坡的写经处。

楞迦为梵语，是“不可往”的意思。

The “three special rarities”and the “three dalicacies”in Zhengjiang here refer to the special products produced in the area of Zhengjiang.Aromatic vinegar won’t go bad if kept long;the cured ham not as a dish to be take down and one sees noodles being cooked in wok with lid to float on.Jingkou and Guazhou see just a stretch of water in between,Even Mt.Ahongshan is away from here with only a few ranges seen.Oh,the spring breeze has turned the southern shore of the river green again.But when will the moon be bright again to shed on my way of return.------Wang Anshi,a great stateman and man of letters of the Northern Song Dynasty saw a number of rises and falls in his whole life.What the author has expressed is the charming scenes in early spring along the the Great River of Zhenjiang.The celebrities in Zhenjiang:Zu Chongzhi and Shen Kuo.Zu Chongzhi is the first man on the world who has made an accurate caculation of the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter to the seventh place behind the decimal point.He is also very accompolished in the fields of astronomic calendar,machinery and music.he also invented a “vehicle of pointing to the south”some people at present hold the opinion that the invention in its real significance is Shen Kuo,a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty who stayed long at Zhengjiang and who wrote the book entitled Meng Xi Bi Tan.In the book he made a detailed elucidation of the artificial magnet handle.in his book,he has also jotted down the type-printing,the great achievement in China’s ancient time,which has made an inestimable contribution to the development of the world civilizition.but the book Meng Xi Bi Tan is the only document that has jotted down the technology of type-printing.If there was no such recording by Shenkuo,the invention of paper by Bi Sheng would have come to no avail,sinking to the botton of the sea.Of the four great invenions in the ancient China,there of them have relation withZhengjiang.gunpowder ,compass,paper-making and type-printing.There are many stone carvings of the six Dynasties in Dangyang.As is known to everybody,Nangjiang used to be an ancient capital during the piriod of the Six Dynasties.The Wu of the There Kingdom,Eastern Jin,Song,Qi,Liang,Chen,each and every of them had been here making Nangjing their respective capitals.Therefore ,we can find a number of tombs for kings and emperors in the vicinity of Nangjiang.Dangyang which is not far away from Nangjing is the hometown of the kings and emperors of the Qi and Liang Dynasties.For Chinese people,they have a customs,namely “a tree though of 1,000 feet highthe leaves go falling ultimately to its roots”. Maoshan ,at present is very proud of the most exalted Lord Lao which is the largest one of its kinds in the world and the square as well.In addition,the Maoshan used to be a very famous base area for the resistance againest the Japanese invasion.Zhengjiang Baohuashan is reputed as “No.1 Hill of Vinaya Sect of Buddhism.In chinese hitory,Zhengjiang is a renowned ancient city located along the southern shore of the yangtze River in the south of Jiangsu province.Under the administration of Zhengjiang,ther are there counties of jurong,Dangyang and Yangzhong ,four districts of Jingkou,Runzhou,Dantu and Xinqu.Zhengjiang has ever been known as Zhufang,Guyang,Dantu,Jingkou,Nanxu and Runzhou in history.In as early as the time when Emperor Qingshihuang made his inspection tour to the south of the mighty riverhe was shocked by the geographical location,the magnificent surroundings of zhengjiang with royal atmosphere,to break such atmosphere,he ssent over 3000 convicted culprits to cut asunder the spinal range and so Zhengjiang is calles Dantu then.Since the Sui Dynasty.In the song Dynasty,it got its name as Zhengjiang and the name is used till now. Backed by hills and facing the river,Zhengjiang is embraced on there sides by continuous undulating hills in green and a wide stretch of shimmering river on the other side.feturing magnificent and graceful sceneries with many historical sita and places of interest,the most remowned senic area is that along the riverside girdled by the three hills.The Jingshan is famed for its graceful scenic spots,Jiaoshan for its magnificent elegance and Beigushan for its pricipice,the South suburb is renowned for its secluded quietness.With the city and the hills integrated ,Mi Fu,a great calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty gave the city a beautiful name”city of Forests and Hills” at present,the giant bridge striding over the Mighty Zengjiang and Yangzhou.the city will one day turnout a city of great resplendence and magnificence.Multi-Scene Tower in Zhengjiang,Yellow Crane Tower in Hubei and the Yueyang Tower in Hunan are the three famous towers in china.Rocambole Hill is also called Strategic Hill.Magnolia grandiflora is the city tree,the Rhododendron is the city flower.How did Jinshan get its name?Whoever goes to Jinshan Monastery for a visit will easily find out that the temper gate,different from others facing the south,is opened to the west.The four treasured relics in Jinshan Monastery.the bronze tripod left from the Zhou Dynasty.The jade sash of Sudongpo.The Map of Jinshan drawn by Wenzhengming,a celebrity of the Wu Painting Schooling in the Ming Dynasty.the bronze drum invented by Zhugeliang.Inscribled on the wall outside the Pagoda of the Benevolence and Longevity are the four Chinese characters,reading “a long life as that of heaven and the earth.Of the four chinese characters”Jiang Tian Yi Lan”on the Cloud Lingering Gazebo why is it that last is obviously smaller than the other threeJinshan in the arm of the temper,the temper in the embrace of Jiaoshan and Beigushan crowned with the Sweet Dew Temple.As the Jinshan Monastary is huge in scale with its building laid out according to the terrain from the foothill to the top as though the whole hill were tightly embraced in it and no matter whether you take a close look at it or from a distance you can see the temple pagoda of instead of the hill.however the temple of Jiaoshanare all tucked away in the retreat of the hill and the main peak of Beigushan stands out close by the side of Yangtze River with the sweet Dew Temple perching on the top of it,thereby presenting a specific feature that the hill has a temple crowned on it.Jiaoshan has long been known as a historical and literary site left by men of letter since ancient time.Among them the most well-known are the Precious Writing Studio and the stone-carving on the precipice.How did the “Sweet Dew Temple” over Beigushan come to be renowned.Ancient pagodas in Zhengjiang:Iron Pagoda,Stone Dagoba at Zhaoguan,Sangha Pagoda,Ten-thousand Buddha Pagoda.。