高中英语语法-句子成分.ppt
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初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)
二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
高中英语句子成分总结(共87张PPT)
The play has three acts.
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
高中英语句子成分和基本结构2(共25张PPT)
It was he who helped me when I was in trouble
3.形容词性物主代词：用作句子的定语，之后必须 带名词，不能单独使用。 e.g This is my book. That’s his book. 4.名词性物主代词:=形容词性物主代词+名词：相 当于一个名词词组，只能单独使用，之后不能带 名词
5. I have a beautiful cat. I_ts______name is Mimi. These cakes are _it_s_____. ( it ) 6. Are these _th_e_i_r__ tickets? No. T_h_e__ir_s_ aren’t here. ( they )
Look! Those stamps are ___h_is___. ( he ) 18. So many dogs. Let’s count __th_e_m____. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. ___H__e___ is only 3. I like ___h_im____ very much. ( he ) 20. May I sit beside ___y_o_u____? ( you )
主代词
主代词
反身代词
单数
I
第一
人称
复数 we
me my mine myself us our ours ourselves
第二 人称
单数 复数
第三 人称
单数
复数
you you your yours yourself
you you your yours yourselves
he him his she her her it it its
英语句子成分和结构.ppt
4. He noticed a man enter the room. (主谓宾+宾补)
5. I have a lot work to do. (主谓宾+宾补)
6. He went to London yesterday. (主谓宾)
20
Many thanks!
21
22
23
24
★主语一般在句首。
Walls have ears. 名词 He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动名词 To teach them English is my job. 不定式 →It is my job to teach them English. ★不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型
The boy you will know is Tom. 从句
Tom’s father didn’t come home yesterday night.
所有格
I met a friend on my way home. 副词
7
六.状语 The Adverbial
用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，说明方式、因果、条件、时间 、地点、让步、方向、程度、频率、目的等.
和系动词一起构成谓语。一般在系动词后
面，用来说明主语的性质，特征，状态等. E.g. My father is a professor. 名词 Everybody is here. 代词 Three times five is fifteen.数词 My new computer is expensive.形容词 His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
5. I have a lot work to do. (主谓宾+宾补)
6. He went to London yesterday. (主谓宾)
20
Many thanks!
21
22
23
24
★主语一般在句首。
Walls have ears. 名词 He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动名词 To teach them English is my job. 不定式 →It is my job to teach them English. ★不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型
The boy you will know is Tom. 从句
Tom’s father didn’t come home yesterday night.
所有格
I met a friend on my way home. 副词
7
六.状语 The Adverbial
用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，说明方式、因果、条件、时间 、地点、让步、方向、程度、频率、目的等.
和系动词一起构成谓语。一般在系动词后
面，用来说明主语的性质，特征，状态等. E.g. My father is a professor. 名词 Everybody is here. 代词 Three times five is fifteen.数词 My new computer is expensive.形容词 His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
高中英语句子成分及练习课件.ppt
（四）表语
表语(Predicative)
用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，
它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副 词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表 语从句等10种情况表示。例如：
6.His job is to teach English. （不定式） 7.His hobby is playing football. （动名词） 8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语） 9.Time is up. The class is over. （副词） 10.The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句）
（不定式）
5.Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词） 6.The rich should help the poor.
（名词化的形容词）
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句） 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和 表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。 1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词， 例如： He is a teacher. 2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况 或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念， 主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He seems (to be) very sad.
高中英语-句子成分及五种基本句型-课件
句子包括哪些成分？
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语
谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事
说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象 与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语是什么,怎么样 用来修饰名词或代词
修饰动词，形容词，副词，表 示动作发生的时间，地点，原 因，目的，方式，结果等
名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
同主语 同主语
形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子 副词，介词短语或句 子
We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable. We have eight lessons every day.
1.She lived a happy life.(名词 ) 2.I love you.( 代词) 3.We need two.( 数词) 4.Do you mind my opening the door?(动名词) 5.He began to learn English a year ago.(不定式 ) 6.He did not know what to say.( 疑问词+不定式) 7.Did you write down what she said? ( 从句 ) 8. She felt it her duty to take good care of them.
句子成分(2)
高中英语语法-句子成分讲解课件
句子分类 简单句 复合句 并列复合句 主从复合句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
高中英语语法-句子成分ppt课件
• Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.
定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词
常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语
或从句担任，形容词位于名词之前
短语或从句置于名词之后。
最新版整理ppt
7
句子成分
• The parents named their baby Tony.
谓语
宾语
状语
宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系
的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的
词担任，位于动词或介词之后
最新版整理ppt
4
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句
常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任
可置于动词之前或之后
补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义 一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份
或特征
最新版整理ppt
8
句子基本结构
1. Day dawns. 天亮了。
主语S
谓语V
2. Tom is a professor.
主语S 连系动词L
表语P
最新版. Ruth understands French.
句子成分：主干+枝叶
主、谓、宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）定、状、 补（主补和宾补）、表。
最新版整理ppt
1
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可
高一英语衔接教育--句子成分(共26张PPT)
英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表
达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补 足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语＋宾语 补足语”合起来称为复合宾语。
复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个句子的意 思。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不 定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。
（六）句子中的定语：
We often speak English in class. （代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （不定式） Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词） The rich should help the poor. （名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not
（不定式短语）
We saw her entering the room. （现在分词） We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） We will soon make our city what your city is now. （从句）
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补）；
（五）英语句子中的宾语补足语：
观察下列句子，找出其宾语补足语，并分析归 纳其特点：
His father named him Dongming. （名词） They painted their boat white. （形容词） Let the fresh air in. （副词） You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
高中英语句子成分和词性类型(共31张PPT)
❖ 定语还可以由名词充当，表用途。
a pencil book
Those who want to learn English well should
study harder than others. a meeting to attend 非谓语动词
46 they 47 able 48 for 49 say 50 quickly
51 if 52.whether
根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。 1 scientist 2 singer 3 conversation 4 beautiful 5 loudly 6 famous 7 government 8 dangerous 9 instruction 10 careful 11 lively 12 safeties 13 national 14 traditional 15 illnesses 16 wonderful 17 competitions 18 station 19 successful 20 natural 21 illnesses 22 lovely 23 really 24 friendly 25 usually 26 yearly 27 advertisement
He told me that he felt lonely.
He likes swimming.
宾语一般由名词、代词充当。 也可以是一个从句或非谓语动词。
定语 (Attributive):
❖ 定语的作用？
用于修饰、限定名词或代词。
❖ 定语一般由？形？容词？充当。
a beautiful girl
❖
抽象名词 idea(主意) knowledge(知识)
❖ 代词：（人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词）
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句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句 常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任 可置于动词之前或之后 只能置于形容词或副词之前
句子成分
• Brown is
• It
is
a teacher. fine
today.
句子成分：主干+枝叶
主、谓、宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）定、状、 补（主补和宾补）、表。
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可 或缺的成分，是全句述说的对象 常由名词或相当于名词的词担任 位于句首
句子成分
直接宾语O
句子基本结构
5. He died a poor man.
主语S 谓语V
补语C
6. He found George
intelligent.
主语S
谓语V
宾语O
宾语补语C
1. 简单句：含有一个主语（或并列主语）和谓语 （或并列谓语）的句子。
Carol came into the classroom and sat down. 2. 并列句: 由连词把两个或两个以上的简单句（叫
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
谓语：说出主语的动作或状态的由动词 担任，位于主语之后
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
Байду номын сангаас
宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系 的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的 词担任，位于动词或介词之后
主语 谓语 表语
状语
表语：表述主语的身份或特征的常由名词或 形容词担任 置于连系动词之后
句子成分
• Jane is a beautiful girl. • John had a great desire to travel. • Children who live by the sea usually
begin to swim at an early age. 定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词
常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语 或从句担任，形容词位于名词之前 短语或从句置于名词之后。
句子成分
• The parents named their baby Tony.
补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义 一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份
做分句）合成的句子 I came home early, but she remained to the
end of the concert. 3. 复合句: 由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句合成
的句子 He said he would come in the evening.
或特征
句子基本结构
1. Day dawns. 天亮了。
主语S
谓语V
2. Tom is a professor.
主语S 连系动词L
表语P
句子基本结构
3. Ruth understands French.
主语S
谓语V
宾语O
4. He told us the whole story.
主语S
谓语V
间接宾语O