剑桥雅思8阅读解析test3
Passage 1Question 1答案：D关键词：main topic定位原文: 文章标题解题思路: 通过标题知道整篇文章的主旨是“通过激光来回击闪电”，因此答案是D 选项,意思为“一种用于控制闪电袭击的激光技术”，属于对标题的同义替换。
Question 2答案：A关键词：every year lightening定位原文：第1段内容解题思路：本题考查关于每年闪电情况的细节,可定位于第一段。
B 选项可以通过golfer 一词来定位,也在第一段,原文意思是“孤单的高尔夫球手或许将是闪电之箭最为有吸引力的目标”,选项B“在美国主要杀死或者伤害高尔夫球手”改变了原意;C 和D 选项可以分别通过500,100 这两个数字来定位到第一段,但是C 选项中将原文in the United States 偷换成了throughout the world,因此不对;D中将原文的$100 million 偷换成100 companies,也不对。
通过对第一段的概括,可以知道闪电带来的影响是非常大的, 因此答案是A。
Question 3答案：A关键词：University of Florida, University of New Mexico定位原文：第三段和第五段内容解题思路：题目问的是University of Florida 和University of New Mexico 的研究员的关系。
通过University of Florida 和University of New Mexico 分别定位至第三段和第五段。
对两处论述进行对比,不难得出两者共同之处是“从同一来源获得经费”，都是EPRI。
答案是A。
Question 4答案：power companies关键词：EPRI, financial support对应原文：第3段第4句“EPRI, which is funded…”解题思路：用EPRI定位到文章第三段，EPRI第一次出现之后即指出其是由电力公司资助的，原文中的funded 等同于题干中的receives financial support from, 因此答案应该填power companies。
注意不要写成单数。
Question 5答案：safely关键词：Diels, advantage定位原文：第5段第3句“...to try to use lasers to…”解题思路：用人名Diels在文中定位到第五段，从题目看出这里应填入一个副词，所以可以在人名周围寻找use或者use的替换词，并且在其周围找带有-ly形式的词，这样正确答案safely很快就能浮出水面了。
Question 6答案: size关键词: difficulty, laser equipment定位原文: 第7段第1、2句“…The laser is no nifty…”解题思路：这道题目的定位稍微有一些困难，需要将difficulty一词与文章中的stumbling block联系起来，进而找到第七段中的laser一词。
文中提到，该激光设备并不方便携带，它是个体积占据了一整间房间的庞然大物。
看到这里，通过理解，考生们可以想到激光设备最大的问题就是体积太大，不好携带，所以正确答案是size。
Question 7答案：B关键词：removing electrons定位原文：第6段第1句“...to extract electrons out…”解题思路：本题关键是要理解题目中的remove...from...与文中的extract...out of...属于同义替换，这里要表达的是从原子(atoms)中提取电荷(electrons)。
Question 8答案: C关键词: then, control electrical charges定位原文: 第6段第2句“If a laser could generate a line of ionization in the air all the way up to a storm cloud...”解题思路：注意文中generate是“产生”的意思;directed at对应文中的all the way up to，其后的a storm cloud 即对应空格处要填的内容。
因此正确答案是C。
Question 9答案: G关键词: less dangerous than定位原文: 第4段和第5段内容解题思路：解答本题需要对文章有一个提炼,第9 题问的是激光是相对于哪种方式更加有安全的技术。
根据第四段和第五段可以知道，第四段说火箭发射的缺点，第五段说出于安全性的考虑开始使用激光，因此答案应该是火箭(rockets)。
Question 10答案: D关键词：protection, aimed firstly定位原文：第6段第3、4句“To stop the laser…”解题思路: protection对应文中的stop...being struck; at是解题关键词，即使不知道文中的directed和题目中的aimed是同义词，也可以从词组的形式上看出来两者是同位的，其后的名词即为答案。
由此可知答案是D。
Question 11答案: NO关键词: Diels, enough money定位原文: 第8段第3句“‘I cannot say I have…”解题思路: “I cannot say I have money yet, but I am working on it”( “我还不能说我已经拿到钱了，但是我正在为之努力。
”)看到这句话，再联系上句：Bernstein says that Diels’system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system...(Bernstein表示，Diels的激光系统正在引起各电力公司的广泛兴趣。
但他们还没有准备EPRI提出的500万美元——开发一个……的商用系统的所需资金。
)这两句话足以证明Diels系统还没有得到足够的资金支持。
Question 12答案：YES关键词：depend on tests in real storms定位原文：第8段第4句“He reckons…”解题思路：根据第八段Bernstein的话可知,他认为即将来临的实地测验将是转折点,他希望有好消息。
如果一切进展顺利，Bernstein 预测关注和支持将潮涌而来。
题目表述符合文意。
Question 13答案：NOT GIVEN关键词：Diels, weather forecasters定位原文：第9段最后两句“Diels also hopes…”解题思路：文章第九段虽然提到了天气预报，即Diels希望将来看到“交互式气象学”，不仅是预报天气，还可以控制天气;但是却并没有提到过weather forecasters 的态度，他们也许感兴趣,也许不感兴趣，无从判断。
Passage 2Question 14-Question 18答案: B C F H J关键词: popular beliefs定位原文: 第2段整体内容解题思路: A 对应“if people are talented…”意思是“如果一个人在某一方面具有天赋,他们必然在另一方面有缺陷”因此天才并非是在各个领域都具备天赋的，A错误;B对应“prodigies burn…”意思是“神童只是昙花一现”B选项正确;C对应“people with gifts..”言下之意也就是有天赋的人需要使用他们的天赋，C正确;F对应“genius runs in families”也就是说天赋是遗传的，F对;H对应“we envy the gifted..”说明人们并不会真正欣赏天才，H正确;J对应“adversity makes…”说明天才在困境中发展其天赋，J正确;其他选项没有提及。
Question 19答案: TRUE关键词：nineteen-century, studies定位原文：第3段内容解题思路: 本题需要通读第3段，可以得知，原文只提到了研究会考虑the method of upbringing，但是没有考虑到uniqueness of the person’s upbringing，题目表述符合文意。
Question 20答案: TRUE关键词：nineteen-century, objectivity定位原文：第3段最后1句“It was only with…”解题思路：通过本句首先可以推测出19世纪关于天才的研究缺乏客观性，然后通过if still not always very scientific得知，连20世纪有关天才的研究都并不总是很科学，那么就更别提19世纪的研究了，因此可以推测出本题正确答案是TRUE。
Question 21答案：FALSE关键词：general powers, area定位原文：第4段第5句“We may disagree…”解题思路：定位句的意思是“但我们可能会对“各方面”这一点有所保留，因为我们怀疑是否所有的天才音乐家都可以成为天才科学家，反之亦然。
”这句话表明了作者对于所谓全能型天才的质疑，正好与题干的表述相反，故答案应该是FALSE。
Question 22答案：TRUE关键词：skills, ordinary individuals, prodigies定位原文：第5段第1句“What we appreciate,…”解题思路：天才的技能和普通人的技能在本质上是相似的，尽管在表现上不一样。
题目表述符合文意。
Question 23答案：TRUE关键词：truly great ideas定位原文：第5段最后两句“But that their minds…”解题思路：作者先是举出数个例子来说明天才伟大的思想或者作品已经成为日常生活中司空见惯的东西，这就对应了题目的前半句the ease...，接着又提出This does not minimise the supremacy of their achievements，正好对应题干后半句。
因此此题选TRUE。
Question 24答案：NOT GIVEN关键词：giftedness, genius, scientific research定位原文：第6段第1句“To think of geniuses and the gifted…”解题思路：第6段开头提到了“geniuses and the gifted…”但是题目表述的观点没有被提及。
雅思真题阅读词汇 剑桥雅思8 test 3 passage 1 用激光回击闪电.doc
雅思真题阅读词汇剑桥雅思8 test 3 passage 1 用激光回击闪电今天我们雅思真题阅读词汇的文章来研究下剑桥雅思8 test 3 passage 1。
这篇雅思阅读的主题为用激光回击闪电。
文章内容包括：闪电带来的危害，科研人员正在研究回击闪电的方法，先前的技术的介绍，火箭技术的缺陷，更加安全的激光技术，激光技术的缺陷，通过实验改进该技术，对其他学科的作用和其他用途等。
按照惯例，我们总结下其中出现的雅思阅读常考单词。
第一段dramatic adj. 激动人心的。
“很少有天气会像暴风雨的袭击一样让人激动人心”。
fury n. 狂怒。
“它们狂怒的电量单单在美国就每年导致500人左右的死亡或严重受伤”。
leisurely adv. 轻松地。
“随着乌云涌进来，轻松休闲的打高尔夫可能是在用生命开玩笑”。
第二段neutralize v. 中和。
“他们已经在实验室中测试中和暴风雨能量的策略”。
brave v. 勇敢面对。
“这个冬天，他们会勇敢地面对真正的暴风雨”。
armoury n. 军械库。
“他们配备着激光军械库用来指向天空，以在闪电发生之前驱散暴风雨”。
第三段command n. 指令，命令。
“强迫风暴云按指令放弃其闪电的观点并不新鲜”。
power grid 电力网。
“…正在寻找保护美国电网免受闪电袭击的方法”。
precise adj. 精确的。
“火箭发射站会提供闪电福特的雅思准确测量数据，并使得工程师能够检查电气设备是否撑得住”。
第四段frequency n. 频率。
“火箭每发的成本大约为1200美元，只能以有限的频率发射。
其失败率大约为百分之四十”。
trigger v. 激发。
“即使它们确实激发了闪电，事情也不总是按照计划的那样进行”。
branch n. 岔路。
“偶尔地，它会踏上岔路，到达它不应该去的地方”。
第五段populated adj. 人口密集的。
“无论怎样，谁会想着在人口密集区域去发射大量的火箭呢？”。
剑桥雅思8阅读整体解析
2、希望从5.5分的基础达到6分或6.5，甚至希望达到7分的考生
猜想四：选择题高调现身2011
Multiple Choice这一考题在2011年肯定会有低调而奢华的体现。所谓低调，虽然考查都没有超过20%的考试比列，但是细心的烤鸭会发现，久经中国考试的烤鸭们愈发的觉得雅思Multiple Choice 越来越难做。出现剑桥真题系列中的考试模式，被长句的问题和长句的选项所代替。大家还是要主动出击，认真备考。
下面，我们再来看一下2011年第一季度雅思阅读各题型的平均考查率，以便我们从整体上把握各题型在复习时的重要程度、投入的时间与精力。同时，也好在下半年的复习中做出适当的改变和调整。
2011年第一季度雅思阅读各题型考查率平均值
相信经过上面一系列的数据分析，各位考生已经从中看出了一些端倪：对于准备在2011年下半年参加雅思考试的考生来讲，就阅读部分而言，以Summary总结摘要题为代表的填空类题型和TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN（或YES/NOT/NOT GIVEN）是非判断题，一定是我们在复习时需要重点强化的题型！
Ⅰ 剑桥雅思8阅读整体解析
剑桥雅思8的各大题型整体分布图
从剑桥雅思8中，我们统计它的题型分布如下：
Test one 段落信息配对 4
从属配对 4
看图填空 5 段落主旨 6
判断题
看图填空 3
判断 5 段落主旨 4
课件剑桥雅思12 TEST8 阅读3
experience
Ⅵ. A risk that not all directors take part in solving major problems
Ⅶ. Boards not looking far enough ahead
Ⅷ. A proposal to change the way the board operates
5
Question 38-40
Complete the sentences below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 38 - 40 on your answer sheet.
• On certain matters, such as pay, the board may have to accept the views of 40 .
6
• Before 2008, non-executive directors were at a disadvantage because of their lack of 38 .
• Boards tend to place too much emphasis on 39 considerations that are only of short-term relevance.
CAM 12-8 R3
LEO Designs
1
Question 27-33
Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A - G. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, I - VIII, in boxes 27 - 33 on your answer sheet.
雅思剑桥8长难句解析3
47.This process allows the manufacture of (cleared,tinted and coated)glass(for buildings), and(clear and tinted) glass for vehicles.48.The metal had to melt at a temperature less than the hardening point of glass(about 600 c ), but could not boil at a temperature below the temperature of the molten glass(about 1500c).49.The glass settled to a thickness of six millimeters because of surface tension interactions between the glass and the tin.50.By fortunate coincidence, 60 percent of flat glass market(at that time)was for six millimeter glass.51.However it took months of non-stop production ,(costing the company 100,000 a month)before the plant produced any usable glass.52.Furthermore, once they succeeded in making marketable flat glass, the machine was turned off for a service to prepare it for years of continuous production.53.Our ancestors adapted to the universal but irregular global warming since the end of the last great Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago, with dazzling opportunism.54.For the time before records began, we have only ‘proxy records’reconstructed largely from tree rings and ice cores, supplemented by a few incomplete written accounts55.This book is a narrative history of climate shifts during the past ten centuries, and some of the ways in which people in Europe adapted to them.56.By 1400, the weather had become decidedly more unpredictable and stormier, with sudden shifts and lower temperatures that culminated in the cold decades of the late sixteenth century.57.Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern.58.A gradual agricultural revolution in northern Europe stemmed from concerns over food supplies at a time of rising populations.59.Global temperatures began to rise slowly after 1850, with the beginning of the Modern Warm Period.60.Temperatures climbed more rapidly in the twentieth century as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels continued to soar.61.The Little Ice Age has given way to a new climate regime, marked by prolonged and steady warming.62.It is only when the faculty of smell is impaired for some reason that we begin to realise the essential role the sense of smell plays in our sense of well-being .63.Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations.64.Such associations can be powerful enough so that odors that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals.65.Most of the subjects would probably never have given much thought to odor as a cue for identifying family members before being involved in the test, but as the experiment revealed, even when not consciously considered, smells register.66.The reason often given for the low regard in which smell is held is that, in comparison with its importance among animals, the human sense of smell is feeble and undeveloped.67.While it is true that the olfactory powers of humans are nothing like as fine as those possessed by certain animals, they are still remarkably acute.。
剑桥雅思八阅读详解TEST1234整合原创版
剑桥雅思八阅读详解TEST1READING PASSAGE 1 计时器发展史段落配对题1, 排除全文都含有的关键词“TIME KEEPING”哪里都有就不是关键词“cold temperature”回答原文中找答案。
D段结尾”often freezing weather of”同义重现。
2，如果题目中定语和修饰成分太长，则把关键词落在靠后的位置，做题就比较有效。
关键词“Calendar, farming” B段出现了两个原形重现，很容易选出。
3，关键词pendulum（clock），origin’s段倒数第2行”a pendulum clock had been devised”.发明制造出来。
4，”(calculate) uniform hours”. E段第2行”to keeping equal ones”上半句提到了”one”指的就是”hours””；”equal”的意思就是uniform”.5，答案B。
原文分为两大部分ABC第一部分讨论的是”calendar”一年之内的计时器，DEFGH第二部分讨论的是一天之内计时器clock。
所以第五第八题三选二，很好做。
6，答案E。
“two equal hakves” 原文在本段最后一句7，答案G. 关键词”new shape”原文第二行” was a lever based devise shaped like a ship’s anchor.”8,答案A。
关键词”organize-event-schedule”原文第三行”co-ordinate activities…plant-regulate.”9-13题。
该题型为100%集中在了某一段找答案；图上有标题“1670”就是关键词。
很快即可定义在G段。
注意：答案小于等于2个词9，resembling好像…一样shape like答案：ship’s anchor(第二行)10，escape wheel11，tooth 第四行12，long pendulum13, second倒数第二行。
剑桥雅思8阅读原文+答案解析-Test2Passage3
剑桥雅思8阅读原文+答案解析-Test2Passage3剑桥雅思8阅读解析：文章结构体裁：说明文主要内容：气味对于人类的影响。
结构：A 段 :气味会引起人类情绪的变化。
B 段 :气味在人际关系中的作用。
C 段 :气味的作用和影响往往被人们忽视。
D 段 :有时候很难准确描述气味。
E 段 :关于气味的未来研究趋势。
F 段 :气味划分人群,具备文化研究价值。
名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：考题解析 Questions 27-32●题型归类 :List of Headings 可先找出段落中的主题句,再找出其句子中的关键词(多为句子的主干),与句中关键词意思相同的选项即为正确答案。
但应注意同义替换,如果选项中与文章中使用完全相同的词,则多为混淆选项。
题目解析题目编号题目选项句意段落主题句题解27 viii 气味与感觉之间的关系第2句答案 viii 本段先是提到了一项关于气味的研究, 接着说 smell can evoke strong emotional response, 点明了本段的主题。
原文中的evoke strong emotional responses 对应选项 viii 中的 feelings。
28 ii 气味在人际关系间扮演的角色第1句答案 ii 本段第 1 句综述气味和社交的关系, 第 2 句中的 loved one, 第 3 句中的 infants 和 mothers,第 4 句中的 women and men, 最后一句中的 family members 则都是选项 ii 中 personal relationships 的具体表现形式。
29 vi 为什么我们的嗅觉被低估第1句答案 vi 原文中的 the most undervalued sense 对应选项 vi 中的 not appreciated。
30 i 讨论气味这一话题的困难所在第1句答案 i 原文中的 elusive phenomenon 对应选项 i 中的 difficulties of talking about smells。
剑桥雅思8Test3Passage2阅读原文+答案解析
剑桥雅思8Test3Passage2阅读原文+答案解析本篇主要介绍剑桥雅思8Test3Passage2阅读原文+答案解析，相关译文，我们将在下一篇文章中与同学分享。
体裁:说明文主要内容:天才的本性。
结构:第 1 段 :总体介绍 Genius(天才)的概念和起源。
第 2 段 :人们对天才的态度往往带是有矛盾情绪的。
第 3 段 :19 世纪对于天才的研究情况。
第 4 段 :天才有明确的定义,然而天才又具有相对性。
第 5 段 :天才的大脑与普通人并无异常。
第 6 段 :进一步论述了天才的大脑并无异常。
第 7 段 :总结了有天赋的小孩或者天才并无异于其他人。
名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：考题解析Questions 14-18●题型归类 :Multiple Choice?该题与一般的 Multiple Choice 不太一样,它要求考生在 11 个选项中选出 5 个正确答案来。
题目解析题目编号 14-18题目定位词 popular beliefs答案位置第二段题解选项含义如下 :A 真正的天才在各个领域都具备天赋。
B 天才的天赋会瞬间消失殆尽。
C 有天赋的人需要使用他们的天赋。
D 天才在每一代人中出现一次。
E 天才很容易由于遭受打击而被摧毁。
F 天赋是遗传的。
G 天才很难相处。
H 人们从不欣赏真正的天才。
I 天才是天然的领导者。
J 有天赋的人在困境中发展他们的天赋。
K 天赋总是能显露出来。
文章第二段主要讲了人们对天才的各种观点,所以以上这些观点是否正确可通过文章第二段来确定。
A 选项跟文章中的论述相反,第二段第 3-4 行说到 if people are talented in one area, they must defective in another,意思是“如果一个人在某一方面具有天赋,他们必然在另一方面有缺陷”,因此天才并非是在各个领域都具备天赋的。
A 选项错误,不能选。
B 选项的对应点在第二段第 4-5 行 prodigies burn too brightly too soon and burn out 意思是“神童只是昙花一现”,因此 B 选项正确。
剑8test3范文
Writing Task2 Topics2-2 “Prevention is better than cure.” Out of a country’s health budget, a large proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?3-2 When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?6-GB Using a computer everyday can have more negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree?5-2 In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.4-GB Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age?6-2 Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.6-4 Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.3-3 In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience important for learning and taking responsibility. What are your opinions on this?4-2 Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?4-4 In many countries schools have severe problems with students behavior. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest?5-GB Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?2-2 “Prevention is better than cure.” Out of a country’s hea lth budget, a large proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?Of course it goes without saying that prevention is better than cure. That is why, in recent years, there has been a growing body of opinion in favor of putting more resources into health education and preventive measures. The argument is that ignorance of, for example, basic hygiene or the dangers of an unhealthy diet or lifestyle needs to be combated by special nationwide publicity campaigns, as well as long-term health education.Obviously, there is a strong human argument for catching any medical condition as early as possible. There is also an economic argument for doing so. Statistics demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of treating a condition in the early stages, rather than delaying until more expensive and prolonged treatment is necessary. Then, there are social or economic costs, perhaps in terms of loss of earnings for the family concerned of unemployed benefit paid by the state.So far so good, but the difficulties start when we try to define what the “proportion” of the budget should be, particularly if the funds will be “diverted from treatment”. Decisions on exactly how much of the total health budget should be spent in this way are not a matter for the non-specialist, but should be made on the basis of an accepted health service model.This is the point at which real problems occur----the formulation of the model. How do we accurately measure which health education campaigns are effective in both medical and financial terms? How do we agree about the medical efficacy of various screening programs, for example, when the medical establishment itself does not agree? A very rigorous process of evaluation is called for, so that we can make informed decisions.3-2 When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?Overall, I disagree with the opinion expressed. I would like to begin by pointing out that traditional skills and ways of life are not automatically of one country, but of a culture or community.In many ways, the history of civilization is the history of technology: from thediscovery of fire to the invention of the wheel to the development of the Internet, we have been moving on from previous ways of doing things. Some technologies, such as weapons of mass destruction, are of negative impact. Others, such as medical advances, positively help people to live better or longer, and so very much help traditional ways of life. Surely, few people would seek to preserve such traditions as living in caves!Interestingly, technology can positively contribute to the keeping alive of traditional skills and ways of life. For example, the populations of some islands are too small to have normal schools. Rather than breaking up families by sending children to the mainland, education authorities have been able to use the Internet to deliver schooling online. In addition, the Internet, and modern refrigeration techniques, are being used to keep alive the traditional skills of producing salmon; it can now be ordered from, and delivered to, anywhere in the world.In conclusion, without suggesting that all technology is necessarily good, I think it is by no means “pointless”, in any way, to try to keep traditions alive with technology. We should not ignore technology, because it can be our friend and support our way of life.6-GB Using a computer everyday can have more negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree?I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer everyday. This is partly because sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture of a young child, regardless of what they are using the computer for.However, the main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract children. These are often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather violent. The player is usually the “hero” of the game and too much exposure can encourage children to be self-centered and insensitive to others.Even when children use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailing friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. Spending time with other children and sharing non-virtual experience is an important part of a child’s development that cannot be provided by a computer.In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied. Their adult world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and theInternet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world today. Therefore, it is important that children learn at an early age to use the equipment enthusiastically and with confidence as they will need these skills throughout their studies and working lives.I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simply sit at home, learning to live in a virtual world.5-2 In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school. The trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.The reason for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.However, there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course. But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why. Students with such a perspective are usually the most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.4-GB Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age?In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunity for children to stay in their own home up to that age. Instead, they will probably go to a nursery school when they are much younger.While some people think this may be dam aging to a child’s development, or to a child’s relationshi p with his or her parents, in fact there are many advantages to having school experience at a young age.Firstly, a child will learn to interact with a lot of different people and some children learn to communicate very early because of this. They are generally more confident and independent than children who stay at home with their parents and who are not used to strangers or new situations. Such children find their first day at school at the age of six very frightening and this may have a negative effect on how they learn.Another advantage of going to school at an early age is that children develop faster socially. They make friends and learn how to get on with other children of a similar age. This is often not possible at home because they are the only child, or because their brothers or sisters are older or younger.So overall, I believe that, attending school from a young age is good for most children. They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents, so they can benefit from both environments.6-2 Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid huge salaries. Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing these super salaries with those of top surgeons or research scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing the country. However, sports salaries are notdetermined by considering the contribution to society a person makes, or the level of responsibility he or she holds. Instead, they reflect the public popularity of sports in general and the level of public support that successful stars can generate. So the notion of ‘fairness’ is not the issue.Those who feel that sports stars’ salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals with real talent is very few, and the money is a recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to be successful. Competition is constant and a player is tested every time they perform in their relative short career. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. So all of these factors may justify the huge earnings.Personally, I think that the amount of money such sports stars make is more justified than the huge earnings of movie stars, but at the same time, it indicates that our society places more value on sport that on more essential professions and achievements.6-4 Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Over the last half century the pace of change in the life of human beings has increased beyond our wildest expectations. This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. This means that change is not always a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life, and we need to constantly adapt to keep pace with it.Those people who believe they have achieved some security by doing the same, familiar things are living in denial. Even when people believe they are resisting change themselves, they cannot stop the world around them from changing. Sooner or later, they will find that the familiar jobs no longer exist, or that the “safe” patterns of behavior are no longer appropriate.However, reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that “change is always for the better”. Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people. A lot of innovations are made with the aim of making money for a few. This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose changes (such as in working conditions or property developments) that are in their own interests.In conclusion, I would say that change can be stimulating and energizing for individuals when they pursue it themselves, but that all change, including that which is imposed on people, does not necessarily have good outcomes.3-3 In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience important for learning and taking responsibility. What are your opinions on this?The issue of children doing paid work is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say who has the right to judge whether children working is wrong or valuable. Opinions will also differ as to learning benefits: no doubt teachers and factory owners, for example, would have varying concerns.An important consideration is the kind of work undertaken. Young children doing arduous and repetitive tasks on a factory production line, for example, are less likely to be learning than older children helping in an old people’s home. There are health and safety issues to be considered as well. It is an unfortunate fact that many employers may prefer to use the services of children simply to save money by paying them less than adults and it is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.However, in many countries children work because their families need the additional income, no matter how small. This was certainly the case in the past in many industrialized countries, and it is very difficult to judge that it is wrong for children today to contribute to the family income in this way.Nevertheless, in better economic circumstances, few parents would choose to send their children out to full-time paid work. If leaning responsibilities and work experience are considered to be important, then children can acquire these by having light, part-time jobs or even doing tasks such as helping their parents around the family home, which are unpaid, but undoubtedly of value in children’s development.4-2 Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people. While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness.Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it is difficult to give any definition that is true for everyone. However, if there are any different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the first step in achieving it would be to have a degree of self-knowledge. A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.Of course, factors such as loving relationships, good health, the skills to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness too. But this does not mean that people without these conditions cannot be happy.Overall, I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness. By that I mean an ability to have a clear sense of what is important in our lives(the welfare of our families, the quality of our relationships, making other people happy, etc.) and what is not (a problem at work, getting annoyed about trivial things, etc.)Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness.4-4 In many countries schools have severe problems with students’behavior. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest?Poor student behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.In many countries, the birth rate is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children. These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways. They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. This means that the children grow up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation. But I think the solution to the problem lies in with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsibleindividuals, the whole community would benefit.Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this, and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising the next generation. The government should fund this kind of parental support, because this is no longer a problem for individual families, but for society as a whole.5-GB Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food. But even if we buy fresh food without packaging, we still produce rubbish from the plastic bags used everywhere to carry shopping home.The reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more on a daily basis than families did in the past. Convenience is also very important in modern life, so we buy packaged or canned food that can be transported from long distances and stored until we need it, first in the supermarket, and then at home.However, I think the amount of waste produced is also a result of our tendency to use something once and throw it away. We forget that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce. We also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dispose of.I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public. Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action. Governments can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags, by providing recycling services and by fining households and shops that do not attempt to recycle their waste.With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.5-4 Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life.Which do you consider to be the major influence?Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for and individual’s life. But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development. It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops. If this were not true, then we would be able to predict the behavior and character of a person from the moment they were born.In conclusion, I do not think that either nature of nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects. How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.。
剑桥雅思12Test8雅思阅读passage 3真题+解析
剑桥雅思12Test8雅思阅读passage 3真题+解析推荐：剑桥雅思12Test8雅思阅读passage 1真题+解析、剑桥雅思12Test8雅思阅读passage 2真题+解析文章结构体裁：说明文主要内容：商业管理者角色的变革结构： A段金融危机暴露出公司董事会管理的问题B段董事对公司管理发生了变化C段以前董事会委托委员会对公司进行管理D段现在由专业的董事会对公司进行管理E段董事会缺乏长足远见F段首席执行官们的薪酬引起的争议G段公司每个领域都需要彻底改变考题解析Questions 27-33題目归类：List of Headings此类题型属于结构题，考查考生对于文章整体结构的把握。
解答此类题型首先要分析题目中给出的选项，确定各个选项的主要内容和相似选项之间的区别，然后要理解段落的基本构成方式，准确寻找段落的主题句(通常集中在段落的首尾句)。
如果主题句比较难确定，则可以寻找转折句型、定义句型或者总结句型来确定段落大意，也可以通过迅速浏览全段来总结段落中心意思。
题目解析：Questions 34-37題目归类：YES/NO/NOT GIVEN此类题型M于细节题，是雅思阅读中难度较小的题目。
此类题目考查题目中表述的信息与原文相关信息的关系。
在解题时，根据题目的定位词回原文找到相关的语言重现，如果原文与题目表述的信息一致，答案为YES;如果原文与题目表述的信息矛盾，答案为 NO;如果从原文的信息不能确定题目中所表述的信息，答案为NOT GIVEN。
题目解析：Questions 38-40題目类型：Sentence Completion此类题型属于细节题，重点考查定位、提取、归纳信息的能力。
解答此类题目的关键是先根据题目中的定位词，确定答案在原文的范围，再根据句意同义替换，提取、归纳出相关信息，回原文中找到相符的语言重现，从而确定答案。
注意在填写答案时，都是原文原词原顺序。
题目解析：剑桥雅思12pdf+听力mp3下载！。
剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题（A-3）
剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题（A-3）智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思8 G类阅读真题(A-3)摘要：下面文章为考生们带来剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题(A-3)以及参考答案，希望可以帮助广大雅思考生轻松备考雅思。
下面文章为考生们带来剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题(A-3)以及参考答案，希望可以帮助广大雅思考生轻松备考雅思。
参考解析：Section 3篇章结构体裁：说明文主要内容：由“蛇油”一词引出松果菊，它的药效被现代科学证明比民间流传的更为有用。
本文介绍了松果菊的起源、早期应用、功效、发展和传播等。
试题解析Questions 28-33·题目类型：LIST OF HEADINGS·题目解析：◇首先，考生应该划掉例子中已经选过的标题vi和xi，并忽略原文中的Section A和B。
◇接着，考生应该从Headings入手，着重理解每个Section的大意，并划出关键词。
◇然后，考生应该去读缺少标题的Section中的自然段，重点读每自然段的主题句(常为第1、2句)，扫读其他语句，并划出关键词。
◇最后对应标题与原文划出的关键词，找原词、同义词、形式变化的词和高频词。
Headings翻译如下：i. 哪里能买到最好的松果菊(关键词where，best)ii. “蛇油”里含有什么(关键词contained)iii. 种植松果菊(关键词growing)iv. 如何利用植物松果菊(关键词how to use)v. 松果菊的早期应用(关键词earlier applications)vi. “蛇油”一词的由来(已经被排除)vii. 松果菊功效的早期研究(关键词early research)viii. “蛇油”最初是如何发明的(关键词first invented)ix. 在新的地方松果菊的用途(关键词new locations)x. 松果菊功效的现代证据(关键词modem evidence)xi. “蛇油”的早期种类(已经被排除)题号文中关键词标题中关键词必要解析答案28long before Meyer, applied, wounds and stings, teeth and gum diseaseearlier applications标题v“松果菊的早期应用”在Section C中细节描述最多：印第安人将其制成膏状，敷于伤口与蚊虫叮咬之处，治疗牙齿及牙龈疾病，亦曾冲茶服用，防治感冒、麻疹、关节炎等病症。