2016考研英语(一)小作文真题解析：通知
2016考研英语（一）小作文解析：通知
2016考考研语已经落下帷幕，今年英语(一)小作文的题目要求是：假如你是图书管理员，给新入学的外国留学生写一份通知，介绍有关图书馆的事宜，字数100字。
值得注意的是，这是考研英语(一)历史上第二次在小作文这个题型当中考察通知，上一次英语(一)考通知是在2010年。
其实，通知和书信的本质是一样的，首先，需要大家注意的是通知的格式。
我们早在文都教育写作课堂上讲过，通知的格式包括三部分：标题、征文、签名。
标题需要在第一行居中位置写Notice，注意首字母N大写;正文每行缩进四个字母，分两段或三段;签名按题目要求，让我们签谁就签谁，以2016考研英语(一)这个通知为例，结尾签名应为：Li Ming。
其次，大家需要列出正文部分的提纲，无论是通知还是书信，面对应用文，我们应该从实际生活出发，思考在真实条件下我们应该写哪些内容，把想到的都列举出来，之后再用英文组织成合法的语句和篇章。
因此，按照应用文开门见山的写作特点和通知信息倒三角分布的特征，我们可以列提纲如下：1. 首段首句表明写作意图;2. 向外国学生介绍图书馆情况，例如：每天开闭关时间;在哪里办理图书卡;借书的须知;图书管的基本设施等等。
此外，既然通知的对象是新入学的外国留学生，也可代表校方或图书管向其表达问候;3. 结尾应该体贴的留下联系方式，方便对方进一步咨询。
按以上思路，文都教育苗苗老师提供参考范文如下：
参考范文：
Notice
This notice is to introduce briefly the library on our campus to those international students who are newly enrolled. The following points is supposed to arouse the attention of new overseas students. At the top of the list, the library opens at 7:00 o’clock in the morning and closes at 22:30 everyday, so it is wise for anyone who wants to read books in the library and borrow books to remember the above mentioned time. More importantly, each foreign student need apply for an entrance card to the library in the International Students Office in our university. Last but not least, I, on behalf of our library, extend warm greetings to all newly students from abroad.
If anyone has questions, please do not hesitate to call 86010123 or send message to liabrarys@ for the detailed information.
Li Ming
参考范文知识点分析：
1. This notice/letter is to ... 表达通知或书信意图功能句。
2. 新入学的外国留学生可以有多种表述：
1) international students who are newly enrolled
2) new overseas students
3) foreign students
4) newly students from abroad.
3. 申请图书馆卡：apply for an entrance card to the library
4. 留学生办公室：International Students Office
5. 表达问候：extend warm greetings
6. 敬请垂询：please do not hesitate to call+电话号码。
2016考研英语一小作文
2016考研英语一小作文Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for the opportunity to participate in the 2016 Postgraduate Entrance English Test. This experience has been a significantmilestone in my academic journey and has provided me with invaluable insights into the rigors of advanced English language proficiency.First and foremost, the test has challenged me to enhance my vocabulary and grammatical knowledge. The extensive reading comprehension sections required a deep understanding of complex texts, which in turn has pushed me to expand mylexicon and improve my grasp of sentence structures.Moreover, the listening comprehension portion of the test was an excellent exercise in critical listening. It not onlytested my ability to comprehend spoken English but also to analyze and infer meaning from the spoken word, which is askill that is crucial for academic and professional success.The writing section was particularly enlightening. It allowed me to practice articulating my thoughts in a coherent and persuasive manner. The essay questions were thought-provoking, encouraging me to delve into various topics and present well-reasoned arguments.Lastly, the test has instilled in me a sense of disciplineand time management. The pressure of completing all sections within the allotted time has taught me the importance of pacing and prioritization.In conclusion, the 2016 Postgraduate Entrance English Testhas been a comprehensive and enriching experience. It has not only tested my English language skills but also my analytical thinking, writing abilities, and time management. I amgrateful for this opportunity and am eager to apply theskills and knowledge I have gained towards my future academic endeavors.Thank you once again for the chance to take part in this test.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]。
2016考研英语一小作文真题及答案：通知告示类
2016考研英语一小作文真题及答案：通知告示类考研网为你收集整理带来：2016考研英语一小作文真题及答案：通知告示类。
2016考研英语一的考试已经结束了，你是否如何写通知告示类小作文的了，是不是迫不及待想要核对一下答案了？下面为你带来的是考研英语一小作文的真题及答案。
详情如下。
Part A51.Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university.Write a notice of about 100 words,providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)参考范文：NoticeWelcome you to this university and this new-bulided library.I ama libraian inouruniversityand will give yourelevent information about the library.To begin with, there is circulation desk in the circulation hall so that you can borrow and return books more quickly and conveniently. Besides, the hours of loan books is during 9:00-17:00 from Monday to Friday so that you can take best advantage of the library. Moreover, the computer room in the library is big enough for you to search for some academic information charged by the hour so you must ensure that some money is left in your ID card.I hope you will find the above information useful and I would be ready to discuss the matter with you to further details. If youhave any questions about the library, please call 123456or send messages to [email protected] Wish you a good time during your colledge life.ABC universityJune 10, 2015。
2016考研英语一小作文
2016考研英语一小作文2016年考研英语一小作文为“某大学的学生李华想申请一份暑期工作，请你帮他写一封申请信，内容包括，1. 个人情况介绍；2. 申请工作的原因；3. 个人能力和性格特点”。
Dear Sir/Madam,。
I am writing to apply for a summer job at your company. My name is Li Hua, a sophomore majoring in marketing at ABC University. I am writing to express my strong interest in this position and to introduce myself.Firstly, let me introduce myself briefly. I am a hard-working and enthusiastic person who is always eager to learn new things. I have a good academic record and have won several awards for my outstanding performance in various competitions. Besides, I am an active member of the student union and have organized many successful events, which have helped me develop excellent communication and leadership skills.Secondly, I am applying for this job because I believe it will offer me a great opportunity to gain practical experience and enhance my skills. I am particularly interested in marketing and sales, and I believe that working at your company will give me a chance to learn more about these areas and apply my knowledge in real-life situations. Moreover, I am eager to work in a dynamic and challenging environment and to contribute my best efforts to the team.Finally, I would like to highlight my personalqualities that I believe will make me a valuable member of your team. I am a quick learner and can adapt to new situations easily. I am also a good team player and can work effectively with others to achieve common goals. Furthermore, I am a responsible and reliable person who always takes my work seriously and completes it to the best of my ability.In conclusion, I am confident that I have the necessary skills and qualities to excel in this job, and I am eagerto contribute my best efforts to your company. Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely,。
2016年考研英语一真题解析
2016年考研英语一整体分析2016年考研英语一考试已经结束！勤思考研的老师在经过反复的对比，对考研英语一的真题作出详细的解析，以便于2017年的学生更好的把握命题规律和命题趋势！总的来说，2016年的考研真题，无论是从完形填空，阅读，新题型翻译还是写作，其整体为难度稳定、思路稳定、实效性稳定。
可以说题目出的中规中矩，并没有太明显的难易程度的变化。
首先，英语一的完形填空难度变化不大，介词只考了一个into与marry搭配，这个搭配不太常见但是通过后面接的 a good family 也不难选出，可以翻译成嫁入一个好的家庭。
仍有以往大家熟知的连词题，比如说5、13、16、20，但是第16题并没有选以往爱考的however 而是选了whatever，说明完形填空纯粹靠押题的时代已经过去了。
2016年英语一阅读的20道题目，涉及到主旨的题只有两道。
大部分的题目都是涉及细节和推断题。
从这个角度来看，把握考研阅读文章，从做题思路上给学生提供了非常明确的指向性。
因为命题规律是比较稳定的，因为2016年考研阅读与2015年考研阅读细节推理题的程度占了差不多的比例。
所以细节还是最重要的，如何读懂文章细节，如何对文章进行推理，还是2017年的考生应该掌握的重点。
新题型英语一考的是小标题题，算是比较简单的一类题型，考生平时通过练习总结能力，而且不要犯以偏概全的错误，新题型还是比较好解决的。
翻译在今年中难度较2015年有所降低，首先它的主题是mental health心理健康是大学生平时比较熟悉的话题，翻译重点仍在词句上，并没有着重考察特殊长难句，有的句子虽然看似较长，但是其实是几个分句相连，只要能准确划分出句子结构就没什么问题了，因为句子中并不存在什么偏难词。
作文今年也比较好写，应该并没有超出考生准备的范围。
小作文考了notice，只要考生平时准备过几篇好的范文知道开头结尾怎了写，今年的小作文完全没问题，只要通知内涉及了一些有关图书馆的必要信息即可。
2016考研《英语一》小作文范文：通知（跨考版）
Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)这篇文章首先我们看到librarian这个单词肯定有好多学生欣喜若狂，因为我的课堂上讲过有关这个词的建议信;继续读题，我们发现这篇考题考的是通知。
但是，通知内容是为新入学的国际生介绍图书馆的相关信息，所以内容主体也可以说成是介绍信，相信大家对于这一部分一定不是特别陌生吧，因为讲过哦!大家在写作时，以下几点请大家多多注意：1、注意写作格式。
通知类文章是一定要有题目，大家一定要在正文中心写出notice字样;其次，时间这一部分，是可以写在右上角也可以写在正文中;但是，此篇文章写在右上角会更恰当些。
然后，正文部分直接一段或两端到底即可。
最后署名部分，大家一定要签收，写上Library of Beijing University即可(李明是代表，所以我们应该写上的是他代表的组织)。
2、正文部分大家可以参考我们课堂上的练习部分，让自己的论据看起来合理且站得住脚，如可以介绍开放时间，开放群体，提供何种服务等等。
下面是考试吧分享的一篇范文，供大家参考。
NoticeAugust 20, 2015To ensure students from oversea be acquainted with the service of library in Beijing University, we write this notice to inform you of some important information about our library.To begin with, our library provides a large amount of booksand materials covering not only all the majors and subjects, but also many extra-curricular reading materials, thus can satisfying all your reading requirements. Furthermore, the library opens during the week time, each day from 9:00 am to 10:00 pm. Last but not least, only students enrolled in this university are admitted to enter into our library for a special Library Card would be required.Anyone interested in studying or reading in our library should sign up their name with their monitor before August 31, and the Library Card will be issued within a week.Library of Beijing University。
2016考研英语(一)作文真题解析
2016考研英语(一)作文真题解析2015年英语考研已经结束了，总体来说，今年的作文与2014年英语(一)大小作文相比，总体依然保持在大纲规定的范围内，难度略有下降。
大作文为“手机时代的聚餐”，小作文为向读书沙龙推荐一本书。
但就大小作文来看，比较贴近考生的日常生活，因此，理解难度不大，考生写偏题的可能性比较小。
我们首先来看一下小作文，根据题目要求，“you are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.”你要举办一个英语阅读俱乐部，要求考生写100个字向成员推荐一本书。
这个题目属于推荐信类型。
考生要根据以往的阅读经验向其他成员推荐。
那么，考生在写这个推荐信的时候要注意什么呢?首先最重要的就是格式问题。
在跨考教育培训中，老师反复和考生强调格式的重要性。
称呼后用逗号隔开，结尾在右后方注明“Sincerely yours, ”并另起一行“Li Ming”.这些都是各位考生千万要注意的地方。
历年考试中，就有很多考生在这些小的地方丢分，实在不应该。
所以，2016年的考生也要在格式上引起足够的重视，在平时自己做写作练习的时候，千万不要因为麻烦而忽略练习。
那么，这篇小作文也应沿袭以往的三段式写作模式。
第一段，建议写此次阅读俱乐部的召开的目的。
例如“extend the interest of reading”等。
第二段，可重点描述你推荐的书目名称、内容以及你喜欢或推荐它的原因。
这里考生要注意，一定要写你特别确定的书名，不要凭借自己的理解翻译，尤其是外文书。
同时，尽量对书的内容了解比较透彻，并且，你推荐的书要有积极的影响。
第三段，可以写写“套话”，呼吁同学们积极参加读书俱乐部活动之类的。
最后还要感谢。
今年小作文没有太大难度，希望考生能得到一个比较不错的成绩。
考研英语历年小作文真题(英语一)
目录历年英一小作文概况分析 (2)2018年英语一小作文：（邀请信） (3)2017年英语一小作文：（推荐信） (4)2016年英语一小作文：（通知） (5)2015年英语一小作文：（建议信） (6)2014年英语一小作文：（建议信） (7)2013年英语一小作文：（邀请信） (8)2012年英语一小作文：（建议信） (8)2011年英语一小作文：（推荐信） (10)2010年英语一小作文：（通知） (11)2009年英语一小作文：（建议信） (12)2008年英语一小作文：（道歉信） (13)2007年英语一小作文：（建议信） (14)2006年英语一小作文：（咨询信） (15)2005年英语一小作文：（辞职信） (16)历年英一小作文概况分析考研英语是从1980年开始的；英语小作文是从2005年出现的；而英语二是从2010年出现的。
本部分，学姐搜集了英语一05--18年的英语一小作文。
将小作文考题和范文都列了出来，并在范文中，将格式、固定句式、结构等关键部分均做了标记。
请学弟学妹们结合文档01 中提到的四大基本点认真去揣摩历年小作文的范文，对各种类型的小作文都要做到心里有数，然后再去针对性的练习。
历年小作文题材为：Directions: Write an email to all international experts on campus, inviting them to attend the graduation ceremony. In your email, you should include the time, place and other relevant information about the ceremony.You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not use your own name at the end of the email. U se “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing this letter in order to invite you to attend the forthcoming graduation ceremony. The ceremony will be hosted in the auditorium on our campus, at 10 o'clock in the morning on next Monday, January 15. It is advisable for you to dress formal. Please let us know your decision as soon as possible so that we could send you further details concerned. Since you are so popular among us that we sincerely hope you could accept this invitation and give the graduates a wonderful memory of our campus. If you are available, we request the honor of your company. It will be highly appreciated if you could give us an earliest favorable reply.Y ours sincerely,L i MingDirections:You are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australian professor, recommending some tourist attractions in your city. Please give reasons for your recommendationYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Dear Professor,Welcome to Changchun, my hometown. I take great pleasure in recommending to you some terrific tourist attractions in Changbaishan, which is located in southern Jilin Province. The primary reasons of my recommendations are as follows.Changbaishan attracts millions of tourists every year for its exquisite natural beauty. For instance, “the Heavenly Lake” on the main peak of the Changbaishan, is the crater of a volcano, filled with clean and clear water all year around. Its extraordinary scenery brings people unforgettable experience. Furthermore, Changbaishan is also famous for a group of Hot Springs, in which people can relax themselves and release the pressure.Therefore, I don’t hesitate to recommend them to you. Hope you can really enjoy yourself and have fun.Yours sincerely,Li MingTo ensure students from oversea to be acquainted with the service of library in Beijing University, we write this notice to inform you of some relevant information about our library.To begin with , our library provides a large amount of books and materials covering not only most majors and subjects, but also many extra-curricular reading materials, thus satisfying all your reading requirements. Furthermore, the library opens during the week time, each day from 9:00 am to10:00pm. Last but not least, only students enrolled in this university and with a special Library Card are allowed to enter into our library.Anyone interested in studying or reading in our library should sign up their name with their monitor before August 31, and the Library Card will be issued within a week. Library of Beijing UniversityDirections:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address .(10 points) Notice August 20, 2015Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.（10 points）Dear members,I am writing to recommend you a great book, “Life Will Start from Tomorrow”, that I have just read recently, as I will hold a club reading session this weekend.The main reasons why I recommend this book are as follows.First and foremost, it is the story about two wheelchair girls, who are struggling, fighting against their destiny. We can learn perseverance from them. What’s more,its contents give us courage to face the difficulties we meet in our daily life.I really hope you will like it as I do and I am looking forward to discussing more with you.Sincerely yours,Li MingDirections:Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students’ physical condition.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Dear my president,I am writing to express my suggestions with regard to improve our students’ physical condition, and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.In my personal level, I find no better suggestions other than the following two: In the first place, we should be offered more time to take physical exercise between lessons, even if in the cold winter. What’s more, if possible, our school can establish more sports activities in the afternoon to enhance our constitution, meanwhile it also can enrich our life.I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.Yours sincerely,Li MingDirections:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, invitinghim/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail, Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)Dear Professor Wang,I am writing on behalf of our college to invite you to be a judge for the English speech contest which will be held next week.We know that you are admired by all the students. As college students, we would like to improve our abilities in spoken English as well as written English. We would be grateful if you could be the judge for this contest to be held in Room 102, the Teaching Building on Saturday, June 4th, at 7p.m.We trust you will be disengaged and able to give us the pleasure of your company. We are looking forward to seeing you.Yours sincerely,Li MingDirections:Some internationals students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ Union to1)extend your welcome and2)provide some suggestions for their campus life here.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address (10 points)Dear All,I am writing on behalf of our Student’s Association to send our warm welcome. And in order to make you adjust life in China, I am making some constructive advices with regard to the life in our university.To begin with, you’d better grasp the basic communicating vocabulary as much as possible so as to freely express yourself. In addition, you can read some books on Chinese customs and daily life style in case you feel uneasy once join a completely strange context. Finally, relax yourself and feel confident toward your future life.I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Yours sincerely,Li MingDirections:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1)recommend one of your favorite movies and2)give reasons for your recommendationYour should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “LI MING” instead.Do not writer the address.(10 points)Dear friend,I am writing, without hesitation, to share one of my favorite movies, Forest Gump, with you, which is not only conducive to your study, but also beneficial to your life.For one thing, the beautiful language in this original English movie may contribute to your study of English in listening, speaking, reading and writing. For another thing, the profound cultural elements implicit in the scene will equip you with foreign cultural background and, above all, enrich your daily life.Would you like to see this movie after my recommendation? Remember to tell me your opinion about the movie. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Ming2010年英语一小作文：（通知）Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" ins tead.NoticeNext month there will be an international meeting about global integration in our city. Forty volunteers are needed for the preparing work and service as desk clerks and guides. Any one who want to be one of the volunteers should have an interview.There are some requests below. First, fluent English is required. Both desk clerks and guides must communicate foreigners with English expertly. Second, patience is indispensable. You may face not only much important things, but also much trifle, and you should settle all down, especially the desk clerks. Third, enough time must be ensured because of train. If you are up to the mustard below, give us a call, and then you can have an interview for the chance of being a lucky volunteer. This notice is available until next Sunday.Postgraduates’ AssociationJan.9.2010Directions:Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White pollution” is still going on.Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to1)give your opinions briefly, and2)make two or three suggestions.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Dear Editor,I am writing this letter to draw your attention to the deteriorating situation of "white pollution" in some regions despite the implementation of restrictions on the use of plastic bags.In order to put an effective stop to the wide spread of "white pollution", I would like to make the following suggestions. Firstly，the price of plastic bags should be further raised; Secondly,special government departments should be established to supervise the making and using of plastic bags to ensure they are used when really needed.I hope my suggestions would be of help and thank you for your attention.Sincerely Yours,Li MingDirections:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to1)make an apology, and2)suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Dear Bob,I am writing the letter to inform you that I wish to extend my sincere apology to you. I am a tenant from China who had been living in your house in Canada for two weeks.First and foremost, I take this opportunity show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me during my stay in Canada. In addition, I borrowed one CD of Beethoven’s symphonies from you in Canada. Unfortunately, when I returned home, I found to my surprise that CD in my personal baggage due to my carelessness.To solve the problem, I would like to send this CD to you by Express Mail Service. Once again, please accept my sincere apology for any inconveniences I have caused. I hope the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.Sincerely yours,Li MingDirections:Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Dear Sir or Madam,I’m a student in the university and a loyal reader of this library. I’m writing to tell some of my ideas, which I hope to be helpful for you.I notice that many magazines in our library are out of date. It would be beneficial to us students if they could be updated in time. And I suggest introducing some new journals so as to bring new fresh air to the library. Furthermore, since we have a huge number of books, it is not easy to find the right one easily. However,if we can introduce some new searching means, such as implementing new information management system that would be useful.Thank you for taking time reading this letter and I’m looking forward to seeing some new changes soon.Sincerely Yours,Li MingDirections:You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Dear Sir/Madam,I’m a teacher of Renmin University of China and I’d like to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote part of your province. Therefore, I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding such a child who has met the following requirements:First, he must be very poor and truly in need of help. Second, he must have the strong desire to improve things around him.Third,he must be healthy, happy and optimistic. Last but not the least is that he must be willing to return to his hometown to do something for it after graduation from university.I would send him money every year from this year on until he finishes his higher education. Your prompt reply to this letter would be highly appreciated. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely Yours,Li MingDirections:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision stating your reason(s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Dear Mr. Wang,First of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry to you for my resignation.I do know that this will bring about much trouble to you so that I write to you for my explanation.I decided to quit for some reasons as follows. To begin with, the job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions is not suitable to me. What’ s more,I am preparing for another degree and I prefer to further my study. Again, I apologize for my resignation to you!I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours,Li Ming。
2016考研英语一真题及解析（作文）
2016考研英语一真题及解析（作文）店铺考研网为你收集整理带来：2016考研英语一真题及答案。
你是否遇到了下面这一道英语作文题了，你的答案与参考答案有多大出路了？你觉得2016年考研英语的难易度如何，下面为你带来的是考研英语一大作文的真题及答案。
详情如下。
Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 wordsbased on the following picturein your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intendedmeaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly ontheANSWERSHEET. (20 points)参考范文：As is clearly shown in the first picture, a father is watching a video while telling his son to study hard. In the second picture, another father is studying just as his son is doing. What the two pictures intend to illustrate is: rather than make requests to your kids, why not set an example for them?As an old saying goes, a good example is the best way of persuasion. There is no doubt that parents are of vital importance for the growing-up of their kids. As parents, you should do well what you want your kids to do. Kids’ability to judge right from wrong needs to be developed, so if you are not setting a good example, you may lead them to a wrong way.Therefore, it is a compelling obligation for parents to set a good example for our kids. As long as we give them the lead by practising what we preaches, our kids will surely follow our way.。
考研英语一历年真题与答案解析_1986_2016
2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题(完整版)及参考答案2.[A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3.[A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4.[A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5.[A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6.[A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7.[A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8.[A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9.[A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10.[A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11.[A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12.[A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13.[A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14.[A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15.[A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16.[A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17.[A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided19.[A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20.[A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)I cloze1.As well as2.Decide on3.Arrange4.Above all5.After6.Into7.But8.Recite9.Tying10.Lighting11.Union29.highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure30.the town-and-country planning in BritainText 331.uncertainty32.winning33.less severe34.has an impact on their decision35.the necessaryText 436.the high cost of operation37.make strategic adjustments38.is meant for the most loyal customers39.Aggressiveness better meets challenges40.Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart B41.Decide if the time is right42.Know your goals43.Understand the context44.Work with professionals45.Make it efficientPart CWrite an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)参考范文：As is vividly depicted in the first picture there is a father watching TV and asking his son to study hard, with his son being unable to concentrate on his study. The second picture portrays that the son and the f ather a re s tudying h ard t ogether. At t he l ower p art o f t he p icture i s a c aption w hich i mplies t hat i t i s w ise for p arents to set a good example for their children by action rather than by words.It occurs to me that the author of the drawing aims at reminding us of the the value of a good example by parents. First and foremost, examples speak louder than words, for it is widely accepted that an example enables each person to transform his or her aspirations from a state of potentiality into reality. Put it another way, parents’ example enables their children to improve them selves, so they can be qualified for the future job, be ready for the forthcoming life, and they are likely to achieve more fulfillment. Furthermore, according to a latest survey conducted b y a n a uthority o n t he I nternet, t he majority o f p eople i nterviewed a nswer that parents’ action produces more positive influence on the growth of t heirchildren than oral requirements do.Hence, i t i s v ital f or u s t o d erive p ositive i mplications f rom t he a bove p ictures. For o ne thing, w e s hould frequently u se i t t o e nlighten young p arents. F or a nother, we s hould cultivate the awareness of parents that personal examples are very vital to kid’s growth. Only by doing so can children grow sound in body and mind.2015 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 Perhaps, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than nal kinship of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.The findings do not simply corroborate peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry ofsubjects.Section II Reading Comprehension1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble9、Also10、Perhaps11、To12、Drive13、Ratherthan14、Benefits15、Faster16、understand17、Contributory18、Tendency19、Ethnic20、seePart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)原标题：2015 年考研英语一真题答案（完整版）TEXT 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insistedkings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republicans left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarized, as it was following the end of the France regime, monarchs can rise above mere polities and embody a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of polities that explains monarchys continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East expected, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity asthey claim to be, their very history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failedto understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service-asnon-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that asEnglish history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.21.According to the first two graphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A]eased his relationship with his rivals.[B]used to enjoy high public support.[C]was unpopular among European royals.[D]ended his reign in embarrassment.22.Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly[A]to give voters more public figures to look up to.[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.[C]owing to their undoubted and respectable status.[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment.23.Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to graph 4?[A]The role of the nobility in modern democracies.[B]Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[C]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[D]The nobilitys adherence to their privileges.24.The British royals have most to fear because Charles[A]takes a tough line on political issues.[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised.[C]takes republicans as his potential allies.[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role.25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A]Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B]Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats[D]Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs21.Dended his reign in embarrassment.22.C owing to the undoubted and respectable status23.A the role of the nobility in modern democracy24.B fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25.D Carlos, a lesson for all MonarchiesTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .The court has ruled that police dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. Butexploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone maycontain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitutions protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26.The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A]search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.[B]check suspects phone contents without being authorized.[C]prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27.The authors attitude toward Californias argument is one of[A]tolerance.[B]indifference.[C]disapproval.[D]cautiousness.28.The author believes that exploring ones phone content is comble to[A]getting into ones residence.[B]handing ones historical records.[C]scanning ones correspondences.[D]going through ones wallet.29.In graph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A]principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B]the court is giving police less room for action.[C]phones are used to store sensitive information.[D]citizens privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.26.Bcheck suspects phone contents without being authorized.27.C disapproval28.A getting into ones residence29.D citizens privacy is not effectively protected30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitutionText 3The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the Published research findings.Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing Manut will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journals editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review theseAsked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,The creation of thestatistics boardwas motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.Giovanni Parmigiani，a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a mr of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to play primarily on advisory role. He agreed to join because he found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is a most welcome step forwardand long overdue,Most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority ofscientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012，but journals should also take a tougher line，engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.Vaux says that Sciences idea to pass some papers to statisticians has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identifythe papers that need scrutinyin the first place.31.It can be learned from graph I that[A]Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]j ournals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]f ew journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]l ack of data analysis is common in research projects.32.The phrase flagged up (.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33.Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Sciences circulation.[D]set an example for other journals34.David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA.adds to researchers worklosd.B.diminishes the role of reviewers.C.has room for further improvement.D.is to fail in the foreseeable future.35.Which of the following is the best title of the text?A.Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB.Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC.Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors DesksD.Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science31.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.B marked33.D set an example for other journals34.C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papers Text4Two years ago. Rupert Murdochs daughter, spoke at the unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the mechanismin society should be profit and the market we the people who create the society we want, not profit.Driving her point home, she continuedIts increasingly absence of purpose，of a moral language with in government, could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies, such as International, she thought, making it more likely that it would fore had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding the predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge-the wide dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, howlittle she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In todays world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, tobe fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives inthe quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions-nor received traceable, recorded answers.36.Accordign to the first two graphs, Elisabeth was upset by(A)the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B)companies financial loss due to immoral practices(C)governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D)the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37.It can be inferred from graph 3 that(A)Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B)more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C)Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D)phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38.The author believes that Rebekah Brookss defence(A)revealed a cunning personality.(B)centered on trivial issues.(C)was hardly convincing.(D)was part of a conspiracy.39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A)generally distorted values.(B)unfair wealth distribution.(C)a marginalized lifestyle.(D)a rigid moral code.40 Which of the following is suggested in the last graph?(A)The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B)Common humanity is central to news reporting.(C)Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.(D)Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.36.A the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37.Bmore journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38.C was hardly convincing39.A generally distorted values40.C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart BIn the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense ofidentifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41) You begin to infer a contextfor the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved.Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or true meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to theworld.(43)Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. (44)This doesnt, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for textsthat engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an importantrole in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)Such dimensions of reading suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading. It doesnt then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds of reading inform each other, and actas useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, theymake up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A]Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills therequirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B]Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the authorintended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity-inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the authors own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a texts formal structures(soespecially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.41.C 42.E 43.G 44.B 45.APart CRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration-one the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America.(46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projectionof Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant theirhabits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, andthe sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now theUnited States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies hadbeen established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers toNorth America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six-to。
2016考研英语一真题原文及答案（完整文字版）解析
2016考研英语⼀真题原⽂及答案（完整⽂字版）解析2016考研英语⼀真题原⽂及答案（完整⽂字版）解析紧张的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报⾃⼰的答题情况，⼏乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候⾮常顺⼿，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读题、作⽂题，相信凯程的学员们对此⾮常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、⾯试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程⽼师辅导。
下⾯凯程英语⽼师把英语的真题全⾯展⽰给⼤家，供⼤家估分使⽤，以及2017年考英语的同学使⽤，本试题凯程⾸发，转载注明出处。
2016年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语（⼀）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly -acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice19 up .The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18.[A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that" incite excessive thinness" by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves tohealth -as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase "impinging on"(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models' character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate "the countryside" alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save "the beauty of natural places for everyone forever". It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience "a refreshing air". Hill's pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives' planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing "off-plan" building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The ideathat "housing crisis" equals "concreted meadows" is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, asalways, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe's most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain's public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn't start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon "off-plan" building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes's preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today's BritainText 3"There is one and only one social responsibility of business" wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits." But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate byEPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American's Foreign Corrupt PracticesAct（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm's political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR. "We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials." says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression "more lenient"(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper - printing presses, delivery trucks - isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time when online -only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transitionwould make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're going have your most loyal customers really upset with you."Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. "It was seen as blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? "I wouldn't pick a year to end print," he said "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product." The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year - more than twice as much as a digital - only subscription."It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive that less aggressive."36. The New York Times is considering ending it's print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a " legacy product"[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today's workplace and the "dress for success" era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what's the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips: 41___[B] Decide if the time is rightAs an executive coach, I've seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you're in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you're not sure, ask for honest feedback from trustedfriends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there's no need for an upgrade and that's OK42_____[G]Know your goalsGet clear on what impact you're hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more "SoHo." (It's OK to use characterizations like that )43 ____[D]Understand the contextLook at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _____[E]Work with professionalsEnlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It's not as expensive as you might think.45 ______[F]Make it efficientThe point of a style upgrade isn't to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don't have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can't be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn't go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem -confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It's a form of innate or unlearned optimism.(48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.【参考译⽂】46. 我们不必⼀定去学习如何做到⼼理健康，这种能⼒植根于我们⾃⾝，就像我们的⾝体知道如何愈合伤⼝，如何修复断⾻。