数字图像处理大作业要点

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10三本数字图像大作业要求

10三本数字图像大作业要求

10年北信《数字图像处理》大作业要求一、成绩评定成绩的评定以本次大作业完成情况为主(60%),结合平时考勤和随堂测试(40%)综合给出最后成绩。

严禁抄袭,如果有雷同的报告一律记不及格!二、大作业内容要求(1)大作业选题范围为课堂上已经学习过的数字图像处理技术。

(2)大作业可以包含(1)中的一种以上的数字图像处理技术。

(3)提交的大作业报告字数要求在5000字以上。

(3)对于每一种写在大作业报告中的数字图像处理技术,具体要涉及的内容包括:✧介绍每一种数字图像处理技术的定义、理论依据及其基本思想。

✧给出每一种数字图像处理技术常用的详细算法描述,以及每一种算法的适用情况和不适用情况,并分析说明适用和不适用的原因。

✧并给出每一种数字图像处理技术的应用情况。

要求详细说明其具体的应用领域,具体的实现方法、实现过程,以及应用效果或好处。

二、大作业格式要求(1)大作业完成后,每人需提交一份纸质报告(必须A4纸打印)。

(2)大作业报告的具体格式见附录。

(3)大作业报告要求在《数字图像处理》3月7日按时提交,如延后按未参加考试对待。

2010-11附录报告格式要求《数字图像处理》报告XXXXXXXX(你写在大作业中的数字图像处理技术名)专业:班级:姓名:学号:年月日报告正文部分:(要求:正文部分一律用小四号字,宋体,1.5倍行距。

一级大标题靠左,四号宋体,加粗。

二级大标题靠左,小四,黑体,不加粗。

)参考文献部分:(要求:五号字,宋体,单倍行距。

按作者、书名、出版社、地点、出版时间格式逐一列出,中间用圆点分开。

参考文献写在报告最后。

具体格式可参见下例。

)参考书目:(五号,宋体加粗)[1]罗建军,杨琦 . 数字信号处理课程设计指导书 . 西安交通大学出版社,2005年[2]…………………………………………………………………………..。

《数字图像处理》期末大作业(1)

《数字图像处理》期末大作业(1)

《数字图像处理》期末大作业大作业题目及要求:一、题目:本门课程的考核以作品形式进行。

作品必须用Matlab完成。

并提交相关文档。

二、作品要求:1、用Matlab设计实现图形化界面,调用后台函数完成设计,函数可以调用Matlab工具箱中的函数,也可以自己编写函数。

设计完成后,点击GUI图形界面上的菜单或者按钮,进行必要的交互式操作后,最终能显示运行结果。

2、要求实现以下功能:每个功能的演示窗口标题必须体现完成该功能的小组成员的学号和姓名。

1)对于打开的图像可以显示其灰度直方图,实现直方图均衡化。

2)实现灰度图像的对比度增强,要求实现线性变换和非线性变换(包括对数变换和指数变换)。

3)实现图像的缩放变换、旋转变换等。

4)图像加噪(用输入参数控制不同噪声),然后使用空域和频域进行滤波处理。

5)采用robert算子,prewitt算子,sobel算子,拉普拉斯算子对图像进行边缘提取。

6)读入两幅图像,一幅为背景图像,一幅为含有目标的图像,应用所学的知识提取出目标。

3、认真完成期末大作业报告的撰写,对各个算法的原理和实验结果务必进行仔细分析讨论。

报告采用A4纸打印并装订成册。

附录:报告模板《数字图像处理》期末大作业班级:计算机小组编号:第9组组长:王迪小组成员:吴佳达浙江万里学院计算机与信息学院2014年12月目录(自动生成)1 绘制灰度直方图,实现直方图均衡化 (5)1.1 算法原理 (5)1.2 算法设计 (5)1.3 实验结果及对比分析 (5)2 灰度图像的对比度增强 (5)2.1 算法原理 (5)2.2 算法设计 (5)2.3 实验结果及分析 (5)3 图像的几何变换 (5)3.1 算法原理 (5)3.2 算法设计 (5)3.3 实验结果及分析 (5)4 图像加噪(用输入参数控制不同噪声),然后使用空域和频域进行滤波处理 (5)4.1 算法原理 (5)4.2 算法设计 (6)4.3 实验结果及分析 (6)5 采用robert,prewitt,sobel,拉普拉斯算子对图像进行边缘提取 (6)5.1 算法原理 (6)5.2 算法设计 (6)5.3 实验结果及分析 (6)6 读入两幅图像,一幅为背景图像,一幅为含有目标的图像,应用所学的知识提取出目标 (6)6.1 算法原理 (6)6.2 算法设计 (6)6.3 实验结果及分析 (6)7 小结(感受和体会) (6)1 绘制灰度直方图,实现直方图均衡化1.1 算法原理图像增强是指按特定的需要突出一幅图像中的某些信息,同时,消弱或去除某些不需要的信息的处理方法。

《数字图像处理》期末大作业

《数字图像处理》期末大作业

《数字图像处理》期末大作业大作业题目及要求:一、题目:本门课程的考核以作品形式进行。

作品必须用Matlab完成。

并提交相关文档。

二、作品要求:1、用Matlab设计实现图形化界面,调用后台函数完成设计,函数可以调用Matlab工具箱中的函数,也可以自己编写函数。

设计完成后,点击GUI 图形界面上的菜单或者按钮,进行必要的交互式操作后,最终能显示运行结果。

2、要求实现以下功能:每个功能的演示窗口标题必须体现完成该功能的小组成员的学号(后三位)。

1)对于打开的图像可以显示其灰度直方图,实现直方图均衡化和直方图匹配(规定化)。

2)实现灰度图像的对比度增强,要求实现线性变换和非线性变换(包括对数变换和指数变换)。

3)实现图像的缩放变换、旋转变换等。

4)图像加噪(用输入参数控制不同噪声),然后使用空域和频域进行滤波处理。

5)采用robert算子,prewitt算子,sobel算子,拉普拉斯算子对图像进行边缘提取。

6)读入两幅图像,一幅为背景图像,一幅为含有目标的图像,应用所学的知识提取出目标。

3、认真完成期末大作业报告的撰写,对各个算法的原理和实验结果务必进行仔细分析讨论。

报告采用A4纸打印并装订成册。

附录:报告模板《数字图像处理》期末大作业班级:小组编号:组长:小组成员:浙江万里学院计算机与信息学院2013年12月目录(自动生成)1 绘制灰度直方图,实现直方图均衡化和直方图匹配(规定化)1.1 算法原理1.2 算法设计1.3 实验结果及对比分析图1 ××××××图2 ××××××分析***********************************************2 灰度图像的对比度增强2.1 算法原理2.2 算法设计2.3 实验结果及分析3 图形的几何变换3.1 算法原理3.2 算法设计3.3 实验结果及分析4 图像加噪(用输入参数控制不同噪声),然后使用空域和频域进行滤波处理4.1 算法原理4.2 算法设计4.3 实验结果及分析5 采用robert,prewitt,sobel,拉普拉斯算子对图像进行边缘提取5.1 算法原理5.2 算法设计5.3 实验结果及分析6 读入两幅图像,一幅为背景图像,一幅为含有目标的图像,应用所学的知识提取出目标6.1 算法原理6.2 算法设计6.3 实验结果及分析7 小结(感受和体会)(英文版)Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthenparty laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Y ears, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulationsrepeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the FifthPlenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs DepartmentThe first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee PoliticalBureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revisionof the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Y an to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline andto implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists ona positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," atotal of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule >real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen yearsimplement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses.Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Y an Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline,exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility shouldbe depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effectiveconvergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for actsof mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Applicationof this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situationmade explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give。

数字图像处理大作业

数字图像处理大作业

《数字图像处理》大作业2011本次作业的任务是进行图片分类实验,实验数据集由20个类别共2000张图片组成,其中1000张图片用于训练,另1000张图片用于测试(详情见附录A)。

图片分类程序的常见步骤【建议】图片分类程序可以分为以下5个步骤:(1)为训练图片提取底层特征,用特征向量表示训练图片;(2)利用训练图片的特征向量和类别标注数据训练分类器;(3)为测试图片提取底层特征,用特征向量表示测试图片;(4)使用训练好的分类器对测试图片的特征向量进行预测分类;(5)对预测分类的结果进行评测。

底层特征【要求】在本次大作业中,请大家查阅相关资料, 至少要用到以下特征:(1)边缘直方图(Edge Histogram)(2)灰度共生矩阵(Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix)(3)SIFT (Scale-invariant feature transform)(4)除上述3种特征外, 请至少实现一种形状类特征(Hu不变矩, Hough变换等)和一种颜色类特征,如CCV (Color Coherence Vector)等。

【建议】不限制必做特征的具体做法, 可以尝试多种途径来提升该特征的效果(如对图片分块等)【建议】可以在对不同的底层特征进行融合的过程中,观察不同的底层特征之间的互补关系,并加以分析。

分类方法【要求】在本次大作业中,至少要用到以下分类器:(1)Libsvm:SVM是一种被广泛采用的分类方法,Libsvm是一个应用非常普遍的开源的SVM实现,当前的最新版本是2.88版本(下载地址);(2)除Libsvm外,自选另外至少一种分类方法。

【建议】可以根据数据本身的特点, 合理改进分类器(如改进SVM的核函数等)【建议】可以在实验过程中,观察不同的分类方法的效果优劣,并加以分析。

【建议】可以对多个分类器的分类结果进行融合, 提高最终的分类效果。

统一的预测分类结果文件格式为了便于进行图片分类结果的评测和比较,在实验的过程中请将图片分类结果输出为以下统一的格式:(1)每一行由3个数字组成,分别是图片(在整个图片集中)的序号、图片的真实(标注)类别、图片分类程序的预测类别;(2)由于共有1000张图片,该文件共有1000行。

数字图像处理大作业报告

数字图像处理大作业报告

数字图像处理实验报告实验选题:选题二组员:学号:班级:指导老师:实验日期:2019年5月22日一、实验目的及原理1.识别出芯片的引脚2.熟悉并掌握opencv的某些函数的功能和使用方法原理:通过滤波、形态学操作得到二值图,再在二值图中设置条件识别引脚部分。

二、实现方案对图片滤波、调节阈值做边缘检测过滤掉一部分图片中干扰元素;然后通过膨胀、腐蚀操作来减少引脚的空心部分;再通过findContours()函数找到引脚的边缘并得到轮廓的点集,设置特定的长宽比和矩形面积识别引脚部分。

三、实验结果四、源码#include<iostream>#include<cmath>#include"opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"#include"opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"using namespace std;using namespace cv;int main(int argv, char **argc){//载入图片Mat srtImag = imread("2.jpg");Mat G_blur = srtImag.clone();//降噪blur(G_blur, G_blur, Size(5, 5));//imshow("降噪", G_blur);//Canny边缘检测Mat Canny_Imag = G_blur;Canny_Imag = Canny_Imag > 176;Canny(G_blur, Canny_Imag, 300, 50, 3);//imshow("边缘检测", Canny_Imag);//膨胀Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(10, 10));dilate(Canny_Imag, Canny_Imag, element);//imshow("膨胀", Canny_Imag);//腐蚀Mat element_1 = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(11, 11));erode(Canny_Imag, Canny_Imag, element_1);//imshow("腐蚀", Canny_Imag);//查找轮廓vector<vector<Point>>contours;vector<Vec4i>hierarchy;findContours(Canny_Imag, contours, hierarchy, RETR_CCOMP, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);vector<vector<Point>> contour_s(contours.size());//该数组共有contours.size()个轮廓的点集vector<Rect> Rec_s(contours.size());//逼近多边形的点集数组//获得每个轮廓点集的逼近多边形的点集for (size_t i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]), contour_s[i], 3,false);//contour_s存储逼近多边形的点集Rec_s[i]= boundingRect(contour_s[i]); //Rec_s存储最小包围矩形的点集}//筛选合适长宽比的矩形并将其画出来Mat result_Imag = srtImag.clone();for (size_t j = 0; j < contours.size(); j++) {double as_ra;//长宽比as_ra = Rec_s[j].height / Rec_s[j].width;if (as_ra > 3.3 && as_ra < 9.3 && Rec_s[j].area() > 20) { rectangle(result_Imag, Rec_s[j], Scalar(0, 255, 255), 2, 7);}}imshow("result", result_Imag);waitKey(0);return 0;}五、总结经过这次实验,我熟悉了对blur()、Canny()、dilate()、erode()、findContours()、approxPolyDP()等函数的使用,了解了Rect类的构成等。

数字图像处理要点简述.

数字图像处理要点简述.

第一.二章.采样,量化,数字图像的表示基本的数字图像处理系统系统的层次结构图像处理的主要任务:图像获取与数字化图像增强图像恢复图像重建图像变换图像编码与压缩图像分割特点:(1)处理精度高。

(2)重现性能好。

(3)灵活性高1.图像的数字化包括两个主要步骤:离散和量化2.在数字图像领域,将图像看成是许多大小相同、形状一致的像素组成3.为便于数字存储和计算机处理可以通过数模转换(A/D)将连续图像变为数字图像。

4.数字化包括取样和量化两个过程:取样:对空间连续坐标(x, y)的离散化量化:幅值f (x, y)的离散化(使连续信号的幅度用有限级的数码表示的过程。

)5.数字化图像所需的主要硬件:◆采样孔、图像扫描机构、光传感器、量化器、输出存储体6.取样和量化的结果是一个矩阵7.其中矩阵中的每个元素代表一个像素8.存储一幅图像的数据量又空间分辨率和幅度分辨率决定9.灵敏度、分辨率、信噪比是三大指标第三章,傅里叶变换,DCT变换,WHT●余弦型变换:●傅里叶变换(DFT)和余弦变换(DCT)。

● 方波型变换:● 沃尔什-哈达玛变换(DWT )1.二维连续傅里叶正反变换 :二维离散傅里叶变换:。

F (u, v )即为f (x, y )的频谱。

频谱的直流成分说明在频谱原点的傅里叶变换F (0, 0)等于图像的平均灰度级 卷积定理:2.二维离散余弦变换(DCT )一维离散余弦变换:⎰⎰∞∞-∞∞-+-=dxdye y xf v u F vy ux j )(2),(),(π j2π() (,)(,)e d d ux vy f x y F u v u v+--=⎰⎰∞∞∞∞∑∑-=-=+-=101)//(2),(1),(M x N y N vy M ux j e y x f MNv u F π∑∑-=-=+=1010)//(2),(),(M u N v N vy M ux j ev u F y x f π∑∑-=-=--=1010),(),(),(*),(M m N n n y m x g n m f y x g y x f3.一维沃尔什变换核g(x,u):二维:4.一维哈达玛变换核为:第四章:图像增强:算术运算,灰度变换,直方图均衡化,平滑,锐化1.图像增强是一类对图像降质进行改善的方法2.图像增强技术大致分为:空间域增强(直接对像素灰度值)和频率域增强两类。

数字图像处理 干涉条纹

数字图像处理 干涉条纹

《数字图像处理》
大作业报告提纲
题目:干涉条纹图像的处理方法
一、根据课本的内容,对图像噪声的定义、分类、频域和空域处理方法进行详细叙述。

二、图1是一幅干涉条纹图像,图中红色圆圈所示的区域为要进行处理的干涉条纹图案。

要求按如下步骤处理:
1)提取干涉条纹:图1中红圈内部为干涉条纹,提取出红圈内部的干涉条纹区域,红圈及圈外的区域中像素的光强可以全部赋值为0;将提取的干涉条纹图片画图显示出来。

2)提高信噪比:对所提取的干涉条纹区域进行噪声抑制处理,采用频域或空域处理算法进行噪声抑制处理;计算处理前后的图像信噪比,信噪比增加了说明处理有效果;
3)归一化处理:对所提取的干涉条纹,每一条亮线和暗线之间属于同一区域;条纹虽然亮暗变化,但条纹最亮的值并不一样。

我们需要对同一区域中的条纹灰度进行归一化处理,使亮条纹的峰值都为255灰度级,而暗条纹的谷值都为0灰度级,峰谷值之间的像素灰度进行同比例处理。

最后得到亮暗均匀的干涉条纹图片。

请给出图像处理的方案,具体matlab代码,中间结果和最终结果,并进行说明。

图1 干涉条纹。

(完整版)数字图像处理大作业

(完整版)数字图像处理大作业

数字图像处理1.图像工程的三个层次是指哪三个层次?各个层次对应的输入、输出对象分别是什么?①图像处理特点:输入是图像,输出也是图像,即图像之间进行的变换。

②图像分割特点:输入是图像,输出是数据。

③图像识别特点:以客观世界为中心,借助知识、经验等来把握整个客观世界。

“输入是数据,输出是理解。

2.常用的颜色模型有哪些(列举三种以上)?并分别说明颜色模型各分量代表的意义。

①RGB(红、绿、蓝)模型②CMY(青、品红、黄)模型③HSI(色调、饱和度、亮度)模型3.什么是图像的采样?什么是图像的量化?1.采样采样的实质就是要用多少点来描述一幅图像,采样结果质量的高低就是用前面所说的图像分辨率来衡量。

简单来讲,对二维空间上连续的图像在水平和垂直方向上等间距地分割成矩形网状结构,所形成的微小方格称为像素点。

一副图像就被采样成有限个像素点构成的集合。

例如:一副640*480分辨率的图像,表示这幅图像是由640*480=307200个像素点组成。

2.量化量化是指要使用多大范围的数值来表示图像采样之后的每一个点。

量化的结果是图像能够容纳的颜色总数,它反映了采样的质量。

针对数字图像而言:采样决定了图像的空间分辨率,换句话说,空间分辨率是图像中可分辨的最小细节。

量化决定了图像的灰度级,即指在灰度级别中可分辨的最小变化。

数字图像处理(第三次课)调用图像格式转换函数实现彩色图像、灰度图像、二值图像、索引图像之间的转换。

图像的类型转换:对于索引图像进行滤波时,必须把它转换为RGB图像,否则对图像的下标进行滤波,得到的结果是毫无意义的;2.用MATLAB完成灰度图像直方图统计代码设计。

6789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930title('lady-lenna');if isrgb(a);b=rgb2gray(a);%RGB转换为灰度图像endsubplot(2,2,2);imshow(b);%显示图像title('ladygaga-lenna');[m,n]=size(a);%返回图像大小e=zeros(1,256);for k=0:255for i=1:mfor j=1:nif a(i,j)==ke(k+1)=e(k+1)+1;%灰度值相同的进行累加endendendendsubplot(2,2,4);bar(e);%画图像的灰度直方图title('灰度直方图');c=imrotate(a,20);%图像的旋转subplot(2,2,3);imshow(c);数字图像处理(第四次课)编写matlab函数,实现在医学图像中数字减影血管造影。

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数字图像处理实验报告
学院:信息学院
专业:电科1004班
姓名:
学号:
辅导老师:
完成日期: 2013年6月29日
空域图像增强
实验要求:
(1)选择若干图像(两幅以上),完成直方图均衡化。

(2)选择若干图像(两幅以上),对图像文件分别进行均值滤波、中值滤波和拉
普拉斯锐化滤波操作。

(3)添加噪声,重复上述过程观察处理结果。

实验原理:
(1)图像增强是图像处理的基本内容之一,图像增强是指按特定的需要突出一幅
图像中的某些信息,同时削弱或去除某些不需要信息的处理方法,其目的是使得处理后的图像对某种特定的应用,比原始图像更合适。

处理的结果使图像更适应于人的视觉特性或机器的识别系统。

图像增强主要可分为三类:频域图像增强方法、小波域图像增强方法、空域图像增强方法。

(2)空域图像增强主要包括:直方图均衡化、平滑滤波和锐化滤波等方法。

(3)直方图均衡化是图像处理领域中利用图像直方图对对比度进行调整的方法。

这种方法通常用来增加许多图像的局部对比度,尤其是当图像的有用数据的对比度相当接近的时候。

通过这种方法,亮度可以更好地在直方图上分布。

这样就可以用于增强局部的对比度而不影响整体的对比度,直方图均衡化通过有效地扩展常用的亮度来实现这种功能。

直方图均衡化的基本思想是把原始图的直方图变换为均匀分布的形式,这样就增加了象素灰度值的动态范围从而可达到增强图像整体对比度的效果。

(4)平滑滤波是低频增强的空间域滤波技术。

它的目的有两类:一类是模糊;另
一类是消除噪音。

空间域的平滑滤波一般采用简单平均法进行,就是求邻近像元点的平均亮度值。

(5)均值滤波是典型的线性滤波算法,它是指在图像上对目标像素给一个模板,
该模板包括了其周围的临近像素(以目标象素为中心的周围8个象素,构成一个滤波模板,即去掉目标象素本身)。

再用模板中的全体像素的平均值来代替原来像素值。

均值滤波也称为线性滤波,其采用的主要方法为邻域平均法。

线性滤波的基本原理是用均值代替原图像中的各个像素值,即对待处理的当前像素点(x,y),选择一个模板,该模板由其近邻的若干像素组成,求模板中所有像素的均值,再把该均值赋予当前像素点(x,y),作为处理后图像在该点上的灰度个g(x,y),即个g(x,y)=1/m ∑f(x,y) m为该模板中包含当前像素在内的像素总个数。

(6)中值滤波是基于排序统计理论的一种能有效抑制噪声的非线性信号处理技
术,中值滤波的基本原理是把数字图像或数字序列中一点的值用该点的一个邻域中各点值的中值代替,让周围的像素值接近的真实值,从而消除孤立的噪声点。

方法是用某种结构的二维滑动模板,将板内像素按照像素值的大小进行排序,生成单调上升(或下降)的为二维数据序列。

二维中值滤波输出为g(x,y)=med{f(x-k,y-l),(k,l∈W)} ,其中,f(x,y),g(x,y)分别为原始图像和处理后图像。

W为二维模板,通常为2*2,3*3区域,也可以是不同的的形状,如线状,圆形,十字形,圆环形等。

(7)拉式算子是一个刻画图像灰度的二阶商算子,它是点、线、边界提取算子,
亦称为边界提取算子。

通常图像和对他实施拉式算子后的结果组合后产生一个锐化图像。

拉式算子用来改善因扩散效应的模糊特别有效,因为它符合降制模型。

拉普拉斯算子也是最简单的各向同性微分算子,具有旋转不变性。

一个二维
图像函数的拉普拉斯变换是各向同性的二阶导数,定义为:
为了更适合于数字图像处理,将拉式算子表示为离散形式:
另外,拉普拉斯算子还可以表示成模板的形式,如下图(1)所示,为离散拉普拉 斯算子的模板,图(2)表示其扩展模板。

010141010⎡⎤⎢⎥-⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦
111181111⎡⎤⎢⎥-⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦ 图(1) 图(2)
从模板形式容易看出,如果在图像中一个较暗的区域中出现了一个亮点,那么用 拉普拉斯运算就会使这个亮点变得更亮。

因为图像中的边缘就是那些灰度发生跳 变的区域,所以拉普拉斯锐化模板在边缘检测中很有用。

一般增强技术对于陡峭 的边缘和缓慢变化的边缘很难确定其边缘线的位置。

但此算子却可用二次微分正 峰和负峰之间的过零点来确定,对孤立点或端点更为敏感,因此特别适用于以突 出图像中的孤立点、孤立线或线端点为目的的场合。

同梯度算子一样,拉普拉斯 算子也会增强图像中的噪声,有时用拉普拉斯算子进行边缘检测时,可将图像先 进行平滑处理。

实验步骤及结果:
1.图像的直方图均衡化
clear all; close all %清除窗口
I = imread('pout.tif'); %读入图像
imshow(I) %显示原图像
figure, imhist(I) %获取图像数据直方图
[I2,T] = histeq(I); %将原始图像I 的直方图变成用户指定的向量
figure, imshow(I2) % Display the new equalized image, I2, in a new figure window.
figure, imhist(I2) % Create a histogram of the equalized image I2.
figure,plot((0:255)/255,T); % plot the transformation curve.
imwrite (I2, '图像2.png'); % Write the newly adjusted image I2 to a disk file named
% ‘图像2.png’.
imfinfo('图像2.png') % Check the contents of the newly written
file
2.图像的均值滤波
I=imread('D:\2.jpg ');
subplot(2,3,1),imshow(I),title('原始图像');
I=rgb2gray(I);
I1=imnoise(I,'gaussian',0,0.005);
subplot(2,3,2),imshow(I1),title(' 添加高斯噪声的图像');
k1=filter2(fspecial('average',3),I1)/255; %进行3*3模板平滑滤波k2=filter2(fspecial('average',5),I1)/255; %进行5*5模板平滑滤波k3=filter2(fspecial('average',7),I1)/255; %进行7*7模板平滑滤波k4=filter2(fspecial('average',9),I1)/255; %进行9*9模板平滑滤波subplot(2,3,3),imshow(k1);title('3*3 模板平滑滤波');
subplot(2,3,4),imshow(k2);title('5*5 模板平滑滤波');
subplot(2,3,5),imshow(k3);title('7*7 模板平滑滤波');
subplot(2,3,6),imshow(k4);title('9*9 模板平滑滤波');
3.图像的中值滤波
I=imread('NBA.jpg ');
I=rgb2gray(I);
J=imnoise(I,'salt & pepper',0.02);
subplot(2,3,1),imshow(I);title('原图像');
subplot(2,3,2),imshow(J);title('添加椒盐噪声图像');
k1=medfilt2(J); %进行3*3模板中值滤波k2=medfilt2(J,[5,5]); %进行5*5模板中值滤波
k3=medfilt2(J,[7,7]); %进行7*7模板中值滤波
k4=medfilt2(J,[9,9]); %进行9*9模板中值滤波
subplot(2,3,3),imshow(k1);title('3*3模板中值滤波'); subplot(2,3,4),imshow(k2);title('5*5模板中值滤波'); subplot(2,3,5),imshow(k3);title('7*7模板中值滤波'); subplot(2,3,6),imshow(k4);title('9*9 模板中值滤波');
4.图像的拉普拉斯锐化滤波
[I,map]=imread('D:\7.jpg');
imshow(I,map);title('原始图像');
I=double(I);
[Gx,Gy]=gradient(I); % 计算梯度
G=sqrt(Gx.*Gx+Gy.*Gy); % 注意是矩阵点乘
J=I;
K=find(G<=7);
J(K)=0;
Q=find(G>=7);
J(Q)=255;
figure,imshow(J,map); title('锐化后图像');
原始图像
锐化后图像
原始图像
锐化后图像。

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