选修 8 unit 2 cloning 单词识记课件
高中英语 Unit 2 Cloning单元重点知识回顾课件 新人教版选修8
pafyo_r_______ sth.
付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价
pabya_c_k_______
还钱；报复
2．ca_s_t_d_o_w_n_____ 沮丧；不愉快
ch_e_e_r_u_p______ 振作起来
3．h_a_v_e_a_g_r_e_a_t_im__p_a_c_t/_e_ff_e_c_t/_in_f_l_u_e_n_ce__o_n_.._. _______
on__n_o_c_o_n_d_i_ti_o_n____ 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)
Ⅲ.重点句型 1．while表对比转折 Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. 仿写：汤姆很擅长理科，而他的弟弟绝对是不可救药。 __W__h_il_e_T_o_m__'s_v_e_r_y_g_o_o_d__a_t_s_c_ie_n_c_e_________ ， his brother is absolutely hopeless.
不时；偶尔
9．bri_n_g_b_a_c_k__to__li_f_e________
使复苏；使复活
co_m_e__to__o_n_es_e_l_f_________
苏醒
come to life 复活；复苏
bring back to health 使恢复健康
10．in_v_a_i_n________ 白费力气；枉费心机
3．be＋adj.＋to do结构 Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain... 仿写：专家认为，人类在火星上生活是很艰难的，因为得面对极冷的天 气、孤独还有恐惧。 Experts think that ___i_t_i_s _to_u_g_h__f_o_r _h_u_m_a_n__b_e_in_g_s_t_o_l_i_v_e__________ on the Mars，because they will face the bitter cold weather，loneliness and fear.
高考英语 第一部分 Unit 2 Cloning 北师大选修8【高考复习课件】
5．这本书跟你昨天买的那本不一样。 This book _d_if_fe_r_s_f_r_o_m_the book you bought yesterday. 6．你熬夜太晚对你的健康有很大的影响。 Your staying up so late will _h_a_v_e_a__g_re_a_t_i_m_p_a_c_t_o_n_your health. 7．你的计划成功了吗？ Did your plan _p_a_y_o_f_f ? 8．你会赞成他的意见吗？ Are you _in__fa_v_o_r_o_f_his opinion? 9．他时不时地去看看他的祖母。 He went to see his grandmother_f_r_o_m__ti_m_e__to__ti_m_e__.
1．他有过一些使他很不安的经历。 He has had some _d_is_tu_r_b_i_n_g_ experience. 2．要正式提出投诉是有固定程序的。 There is a set _p_r_o_c_ed_u_r_e_for making formal complaints. 3．你可以随便做选择。 You can make an _a_r_b_it_r_ar_y_ choice. 4．科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有突破。 Scientists have made a _b_r_e_a_k_th_r_o_u_g_h in their treatment of that disease.
10．我们深受父母之恩。 We _o_w_e_a great deal __to_ our parents. 11．我到处都没买到那本书。 I haven't been able to _o_b_t_a_in_ that book anywhere.
英语：Unit2《Cloning》课件(新人教版选修8)
2.The main idea of the text :
A. Animal cloning is very valuable and can
benefit the world.
B. Animal cloning could be misused by bad
people so it must be forbidden.
C. Animal cloning is well developed because
Dolly the sheep was born.
D. Animal cloning raised arguments and
scientists are not sure about its future.
3.The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived ________years.
UNIT TWO READING
CLONING : WHERE IS IT LEADING US
Skimming
Skim the text to find out the answers to the following questions. 1.What is cloning?
Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.
What’s the greatest success in the development of animal cloning?
.
The procedure of the cloning of Dolly the sheep
True or false:
英语：Unit2 《Cloning》-Learning about language课件(新人教版选修8)
4从词义角度看whowhomwhichwhenwherewhy用来引导同位语从句是保持原来疑问词的含义它们用来引导定语从句时不具有疑问词的含义从搭配角度看whowhomwhichwhenwherewhy用来引导定语从句时对应性很强如先行词是人引导词用who等而它们引导同位语从句是先行词通常是questionideadoubt等填入适当的连接词并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句1The fact ____ he used to be a thief is known to us 2 We were surprised by the fact ________ she told us 3 The next thing ____ must be done is to make a plan 4 Word came ____ our army had won the battle 5 The president had given an order _____ everyone in the country should prepare for war ____ might last for several years that that which that that that that 6 Weve just heard a warning on the radio _______ a hurricane is likely to come 7 There is no doubt _____ he has told a lie 8 You have no idea ______ anxious I was 9 The coat is in the place _____ you left it 10 Then arose the question about _______ we were to get the machines needed that that how where where Choose the best answer The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all A that B what C why D which 2 The fact ___ he was successful proves his ability A that B what C which D why 3 The news ___ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly A what B that C why D when 4 His suggestion ___ the meeting be delayed was turned down A which B that C D it A A B B 5 I have no idea ___ he will start A when B that C what D 6 Ive come from the government with a message ___ the meeting wont be held tomorrow A if B that C whether D which 7 The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him A when B which C what D that 8 The order ___ the prisoner be set free arrived too late A which B whether C that D what A B D C 9 The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear ____ he would die of the disease A that B as C of which D which 10 He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing A whether B where C that D when 11 Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities A while B that C when D as A A B 12 It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities this is the information ____ has been put forward A what B that C when D as 13 She heard a terrible noise ____ broughther heart into her mouth A it B which C this D that 14 I cant stand the terrible noise _____ she is crying loudly A it B which C his D that B B D 1 Revise the language points and grammar focus 2 Finish all the exercises 1-4 on page 14 3 Finish all the exercises in Workbook on pages 55-56 Homework 英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品Unit 2 Cloning Useful phrases all the time pay off cast down a storm of have a great impact on attain ones ambition raise a question accumulate evidence 一直取得成功偿清使沮丧不愉快一阵对有很大影响实现某人的抱负野心提出问题收集证据1 It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones happen vi occur by chance 偶然地发生出现sb happen to do sth happen to sb It happened that Language points 辨析happen occur take place与come about 四词都有发生之意happen 是一般用语词义较广强调事情发生的偶然性occur 用法较正式既可以指自然发生也可以指有意安排take place 一般指有计划按事先安排进行的含义come about 往往注重事情发生的原因常与how 连用注以上四组词均为不及物动词无被动语态 1 When did the explosion _______ 2 Important elections will _______ this fall 3 The concert will ___________ next Sunday 4 How did the quarrel ___________ occur take place come about happen Use the above words to fill the following blanks 2 It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg It 指代上文的cloning identical in sex and appearance 是形容词短语作后置定语修饰twins identicaladj 同一的一模一样的She wore the identical dress on both occasions The two words are identical in meaningHis hat is identical to with mine 1 这两种样式几乎完全相同These two designs are almost identical 2 我的意见和他的相同My opinion is identical with his 3 我们双方对应当怎么办的看法是一致的We are identical in our views of what should be done 4 这是我们去年住过的那家旅馆This is the identical hotel that we stayed in last year Translate the following sentences 3 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off pay off取得成功偿清Did his plan pay offIt took them three years to pay off the debt4 The nucleus of this cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep needed to produce a new sheep 为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的名词genes contain v 饱含容纳克制This book contains all the information you need Try to contain your anger 辨析contain 与include contain 包含含有侧重于包含的内容或成分里面装有include 包括侧重范围或整体1 Whisky ________ a large percentage of alcohol 2 The book _________ forty maps ________ three of Great Britain contains contains including5 The nucleus from sheep B and the egg cell from sheep A are joined using electricity using electricity 为现在分词短语作方式状语Hearing the news they all jumped with joy Hearing the footstep below he rose and went to the top of the stairs 辨析take part in join join in 与attend take part in 指参加某项活动并以积极的态度在所参加的活动中起作用join 加入团体或组织join in 指参加活动和游戏join sb in sth 和某人一起做某事attend 参加会议听演讲听音乐参加婚礼6 Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal cast down 使沮丧垂下Dont let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment She was much cast down at the moment She cast down her eyes shyly cast away 丢弃cast off 放弃丢弃cast out 赶走be appropriate to 适合于与相称be suitable for a particular person condition occasion or place fitting 翻译下列句子用appropriate 1 用与你的题目相称的题材写Write in a style appropriate to your subject 2 他的便服不适宜在这样正式的场合穿His casual clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion 5in favor of 赞成有利于比分是80比78客队获胜The score was 80 to 78 in favour of the guest team 今天的兑换率对我们有利The exchange rate is in our favour today in favour of 赞成支持与against相对7 On the other hand Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination raise 在此是唤起引起使出现之意bring about 他的缺席引起人们对他安全的担心His absence raised fears about his safety 用动物作科学试验引起了一些棘手的道德问题ethical questions The use of animals in scientific tests raises some difficult ethical questions a storm of 常常指感情猛然爆发或强烈表现例如一阵猛烈的抗议 a storm of protest 一阵弹雨箭雨 a storm of bulletsarrows 一阵暴风雨般的<a name=baidusnap0></a>掌声</B>欢呼声 a storm of applausecheers 一阵辱骂抨击 a storm of abusecriticism havemake a strong great impact on对有或产生巨大影响翻译这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响Theanti-smoking campaign has had quite an impact on young people 这本书对读者产生了巨大的影响This book made a great impact on its readers 8 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning forbid 禁止不准后面可以有三种搭配forbid ①名词代词或动名词作宾语②不定式的复合结构作宾语③双宾语用forbid 翻译如下句子 1 法律禁止销售香烟给年龄不满16岁的人The law forbids the sale of cigarette to people under the age of 16 2 法律禁止在此处进行修建The law forbids building on this land 3 大多数父母都禁止自己的孩子吸烟Most parents forbid their children to smoke 4 他的父母不准他喝酒His parents forbad him to drink wine His parents forbad him wine 9 but other countries like China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide 1accumulate 有收集堆集积累的意思to gather or pile 强调经过一段比较长的时间由少及多的积累使用范围较广似乎凡是在数量方面的增长都可以表示它既可作为及物动词也可作为不及物动词那家公司几年内积累了大量的财富The company has accumulated great wealth within a few years Discovering useful structures ---Revise the Appositive Appositive 同位语可以用单词或短语表示也可以用从句表示位于所修饰的名词之后起进一步说明或解释的作用如Tom gave his friend John a book．This is Mr Black director of our hospital．The question what to do next hasnt been considered．Appositive Clause 一在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句它一般跟在某些名词后面用以说明该名词表示的具体内容如I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里二可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有newsideafactpromisequestiondoubtthoughthopemessagesuggestionword消息possibility等如Ive come from Mr Wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了三英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词thatwhether连接副词how when where等如l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题四有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面而被别的词隔开如Several years laterword came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．几年以后有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了五同位语从句与定语从句的区别1同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系即说明它前面名词的内容而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系即限定它前面的名词范围或补充一些情况如The news that l have passed the exam is true．同位语从句即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容The news that he told me just now is true 定语从句从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用即他告诉我的那个消息而不是别的消息2引导同位语从句的that是连词在从句中不充当任何成份而引导定语从句的that是关系代词除起连接作用外还在从句中充当主语宾语或表语等如The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people that在从句中不充当任何成份The idea that he gave surprised many people．that在从句中作gave的宾语3whetherwhathow可以用来引导同位语从句而它们不能用来引导定语从句英语学习辅导报出品英语学习辅导报出品。
人教版英语选修八 Unit 2 Cloning知识点课件43张
5.owe vi.欠 (账、钱、人情等);归功于…… 教材原句 ①You owe the lady an apology.你该向那位女士道歉。 ◆单句改错 ②Owing the heavy rain, our get-together is cancelled. Owing后加to ③I owe this to the doctor that I am still alive. this→it
buy→buying
◆写作微练 ⑦因为有人可能作弊,所以很多人反对网上投票。(2016江苏书面表达) Because it's likely that someone cheats, many people object to voting on the Internet .
点拨 (1)have no objection to (doing) sth.对(做)某事没有异议 raise an objection to(doing) sth.对(做)某事有异议 (2)object v.反对,不赞成 object to sb./sth./doing sth.不同意、不赞成、反 对…… (3)objective n.目标 adj.真实的,客观的
◆一句多译 我突然想到明天我有一个重要的会议要参加。(2016课标全国Ⅲ书面 表达) ⑨ It strikes me that I have an important meeting to attend tomorrow. (strike) ⑩ It occurs to me suddenly that I have an important meeting to attend tomorrow. (occur)
4.strike vi. & vt.打;撞击;罢工;袭击;报时;划(火柴) n.罢工 教材原句 ①...proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.……证明了这一想法是如何使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧 的。
高考英语复习 Unit2 Cloning专题课件 新人教选修8
3．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止；不准
(1)forbid sb.to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid that ... 禁止……(从句中常用 should＋动词原形) (2)forbid sb.sth. 禁止某人某事 forbid sb.from doing 禁止某人做…… (3)It's forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的
[教材P12原句] Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning ... 有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究…… ①I will forbid you to leave unless you apologize for what you have done. 如果你不为自己所做的事情道歉，我不允许你离开。
breakthrough
accumulate
differ
different
difference
object
objection
objective
resist
resistance
resistant
assumption
assume
Ⅱ.重点短语必背
1． 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 2． 沮丧；不愉快 3． 反对 4． 赞成；支持 5． 把……归功于……
解读：that引导同位语从句。 仿写：这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。 The fact has worried many scientists __________________ warmer and warmer these years.
新课标高中英语Unit2Cloning单元重点知识回顾课件新人教版选修8
使某人苦恼的是……/做某事让人苦恼 给某人添乱 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦 假定；设想 假定；假设 规则；规章；法规 调节
25．str_i_k_e_______vi.& vt. (struck；struck/stricken)
打；撞击；罢工
n.
罢工
strike...w__it_h_______...
积累；聚积 积累
18c．om__p_u_ls_o_r_y___adj.
必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的
compulsory education
义务教育
19．o_w_e________vt.
欠(账、钱、人情等)；
归功于……
(1o)w_e__s_b_. _an__a_p_o_lo_g_y________
取得突破
7．pro_c_e_d_u_r_e____n.
程序；步骤；手续
8．ca_st_________vt.
(cast；cast)扔；投；掷
9．alt_o_g_e_th_e_r____adv.
总共；完全地
10c．orr_e_c_ti_o_n_____n. co_r_r_ec_t______vt.
改正；纠正；修正 改正，纠正
答应/保证做某事
un_d_e_rt_a_k_e____that...
保证……
_u_n_d_e_rt_a_k_e_r_e_sp_o_n_s_i_b_il_i_ty_/_a_t_as_k_____ 承担责任/任务
6．br_e_a_k_th_r_o_u_g_h_______n.
突破
ma_k_e__a_b_r_e_a_k_th_r_o_u_g_h___
(对……)有/无关系
(影响、作用)
人教版(新课程标准)选修八Unit2Cloning单元复习课件
acquire经过一点点的积累而获得，如知识、
技能等。
gain获得、赢得想要或所需的事物。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 乔治的父亲好不容易为他弄到了这幅画。
George’s father obtained
_______ ________
________
this painting
initial
30. ___________
adj. 最初的；开始的
31. commercial
___________ adj. 商业的；贸易的
differ
32. __________
vi. 相异; 不同
different adj. 不同的
→ __________
differently adv. 不同地；相异地
undertake research.
大学教授们承担着教学和研究两项任务。
2) To join the club, you have to undertake to
buy six books a year.
如果要加入这个俱乐部，你得保证一年买六本书。
3) I can’t undertake that you XXX succeed.
2. The advantage is that...
e.g. The advantage is that if there is a new
illness some of these animals may die...
in + n. + of 短语
in favor of
赞成；支持
in memory of 为了纪念
cast
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undertake differ
The process of competition • 1. 全班总动员（必答题） • 2. 我们选哪个（选答题）
Group Show
咱们认认吧… Group1 • altogether • adv.总共；完全地 • procedure • n. 程序；步骤；手续 • • • • • cast • commercial • undertake • medium • exact • vt. 仍；投；掷 adj. 商业的；贸易的 vt. 着手；从事；承担 n.媒体；手段 adj.精确的；准确的
单词识记
Ⅰ.重点单词 different 1．differ vi.不同；相异；→ adj 差别；区分 difference n差异，区别 ； 2．exact adj.精确的；准确的 exactly adv.准确地； 精确地 objection 3．object vi.反对；不赞成→ n．不赞成；反 对；异议 → objectiveadj.客观的 4．medium 媒介；手段；工具→ media n．(pl)媒 体；手段；工具 accumulation n. 5． accumulate vt.vi→ 积累；积聚 → 积累 6．retire vi. 退休；离开 →退休；辞职 n. retirement . 7．assumption n.假定；设想→ assume vt.承担；假 定；呈现→ assumed adj . 假定的；假装的；假冒的 mere 8．merely adv.仅；只；不过→ adj.纯粹
咱们认认吧…
Group2
• • • • • • •
carrier object flour forbid exact attain opera
• • • • • • •
n. 携带者；搬运工； vi . 反对；不赞成 n. 面粉 vt. 禁止；不准 adj. 精确的；准确的 vt. 获得；到达 n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院
Group9
• • • • • • • •
commercial• adj.商业的；贸易的 undertake • vt.着手；从事； medium • n. 媒介；手段 exact • adj.精确的；准确的 retire • vi.退休；离开 strike • vt\vi. 打；撞击；罢工 regulation • n. 规则；规章 opera n.京剧
be in good \poor condition 处于良好\差的状态 一定 be bound to bring .....back to life 使复活，给......活力
咱们争争吧……(4)
object to doing sth 反对做某事 make an objection to 对.....提出异议，表示反对 accumulate acknowledge 积累知识 违背规章制度 obey the regulations 某人突然想到一个主意 an idea strikes\hits sb strike...into one's heart can't resist (doing)sth can't help (doing)sth 触动人心 忍不住做....;顶不住.... 情不自禁做.....
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Group5 • vt. 获得；赢得 • obtain • conservative • adj.保守的；守旧的 • 得到好结果；取得成功 • pay off • n. 合唱；合唱队 • chorus • in favour of • 赞成；支持 • vt. 抵抗；对抗 • resist • n. 缺点 • drawback • adv. 仅；只；不过 • mere
与.....持不同意见；与.....有分歧
在.....方面不用 forbid from doing sth 禁止做某事
make a breakthrough 突破；攻破
owing to 由于；因为；多亏
owe sb sth
in vain
欠某人某物
徒劳；白费力气
咱们争争吧……(3)
retire from be unable to from time to time bother sb with 从.....退休 不能做... 时不时，偶尔 用.....打扰某人
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Group6 • • • • • • • • decoration unable feather adore hatch claw reasonable drawback
• • • • • • • •
n. 装饰； adj. 不能的；不会的 n. 羽毛； vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 vt. & vi. 孵出；孵化；孵卵 n.爪；脚爪 adj.合情理的；讲道理的 n.缺点；
breakthough
twin object
cast strike pay off opera conservative constitution forbid moral bother compulsory drawback assumption be bound to resist adore reasonable in favour of straightforward unable
咱们争争吧……(5)
pay off cast down 偿清，赔偿 抛下；丢下；使沮丧 be more appropriate to更适合于.. have a great impact on 对......有很大的影响 不完全正确 not exactly raise moral questions 提出道德方面的问题 attain one's ambition 实现某人的野心 the arbitarty fate 无法控制的命运
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 4
→
opera
Beijing opera
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Group 5
feather
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Group 6
turkey
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 7
medium
the media
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 8
flour
1 2 4 6 7 5 3
咱们争争吧……(1)
咱们认认吧…
Group7
• • • • • • • •
carrier • commercial • cutting • impact • the media • assumption • shortly • initial •
n. 携带者;搬运工;运输工具 adj.商业的；贸易的 n. 剪纸；剪报 n.撞击；冲击；巨大影响 大众传播媒体（如电视，报纸等） n. 假定；设想 adv. 立刻；不久 adj.最初的；开始的
let’s enjoy those photos!
咱们猜猜吧……
Grouቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 1
constitution
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 2
breakthrough
make a breakthrough
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 3
An idea strikes me suddendly. an idea strikes sb 某人想到一个主意 It occurs to sb that It strikes sb that
It bothers sb that.... 让某人烦扰的是......
Homework composition
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Group10
• carrier • object
• • • •
• • • flour • forbid • initial • conservative •
n.携带者；搬运工；运输工具 vi.反对；不赞成 n.不赞成；反对；异议 n.面粉 vt.禁止；不准 adj. 最初的；开始的 adj.保守的；守旧的
咱们认认吧…
Group3
• owe
• vt. 欠（账、钱、人情等）；归 功于 • adj. 道德上的；伦理的 • moral • accumulate • vt. &vi.积累；聚积 • vi. 退休；离开 • retire • vt&vi. 打；撞击；罢工 • strike • regulation • n.规则；规章；法规 • n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 • opera
as
re mo ac
ob
itial
sumption gulation rike tain
Match the words
ar me dr st
in
cumulate awback
ral dium bitrary
咱们争争吧……(2)
differ from differ with differ in 与.....不同；
咱们争争吧……(6)
某人突然想起某事 sth. occurs to sb. It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
某人突然想起做某事 It occurs to sb. to do sth. 与.....不同 be different from 反对某人\某事； object to sb\sth 京剧 Beijing Opera 紫禁城 the Forbidden City
9.undertake vt.从事；承担→ undertaking n.任务.事业 10.resist vt．抵抗，对抗→ resistance n.抵制，抗拒 → resistant adj.抵抗的 11.bother vt.打扰.vi.操心 n.烦扰；→ bothersome adj.困 扰人的 12. forbid vt.禁止;不准→forbidden ， adj. 禁止的，不准 的 correctionn.改正；修正 13.correct vt.改正；修正；纠正→ 14.regulation n.规则；规章；法规→regulatevt.调节；管 理