上海市黄浦区2019——2020学年度第一学期高三年级英语期终调研测试(一模卷)(无答案)
黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试语文试卷2020年1月一积累应用10分1.按要求填空。
（5分）（1），则知明而行无过矣。
（荀子《劝学》）（2）杜甫在《登楼》中，坚信华夏政权稳固、并义正辞严地警告侵略者的句子是“，。
”（3）李清照的《声声慢》中，通过描摹声音来衬托情感，具有“顿挫凄绝”之感的句子是“，。
”2.按要求选择。
（5分）（1）“天行健，君子以自强不息”强调刚健进取的精神，下列句子中最符合此种精神的一项是（）。
（3分）A.战战兢兢，如临深渊，如履溥冰。
B.郴江幸自绕郴山，为谁流下潇湘去？C.源泉混混，不舍昼夜，盈科而后进。
D.寓形宇内复几时，曷不委心任去留？（2）下列各句中加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（）。
（2分）A.读诗，应当口传心授，一边阅读，一边思考它的意义。
B.在网络上购物一定要特别注意鱼龙混杂的东西多得很。
C.众志成城，因人成事，人民用自己的力量建立新中国。
D.我们应该清醒地认识到，5G的推广工作依然任重道远。
二阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3—7题。
（16分）二十一世纪的人性图景①暑期生活的一件热闹事情，即上海国际动漫节。
约二十万观众来看，不仅吸引了各地的年轻人，欣赏人口创新纪录，而且，那一群在学生时代热爱动漫的人，如今长大，成为新一代消费主力。
毫无疑问，如今动漫文化有了根，已经成为二十一世纪年轻人生生长长的情种食粮。
②可是，动漫的世界，尽管有其正面的价值观，壁如家族情结、童心传统、寻找真情、挑战自我以及团队精神等，然而不能不说，较多的黑暗之心仍然是基本法则。
尤其是游戏世界，打打杀杀、勾心斗角、自私自利，迎合人性的本能冲动与野蛮血性，充满向下沉沦的娱乐至死的颓废，甚至，表面是英雄崇拜或励志人生，骨子里却是顺承人性的自然倾向，强权即真理，自我即天意。
久而久之，参与建构了人性的黑暗图景。
③我过去一直有一个看法，将所有的思想文化，分为两型。
一是随俗的，一是雅化的。
④凡顺承人性中的自然性，皆为随俗的。
如亚当·斯密的看不见的手、尼采的超人，孟德斯鸠的三权分立、卢梭的契约论、弗罗伊德的潜意识，以及自由主义的理论和游戏电玩世界的文化法则等。
⑤凡提升、发明、转化、美化人性中的自然性，皆为雅化的。
如儒家之性善说、柏拉图之理念说、康德之绝对命令说，以及各种哲学与美学中的形上智慧。
⑥随俗与雅化，为人类思想之两轮，离一不行。
随俗，渐为现代性的根本特征，而雅化，则是传统之根本特征。
随俗中，有雅化的努力；雅化中，又有随俗的用心。
⑦可是，以上这种看法，其实到了该修正的时候了。
因为，上面这种说法中，雅化的“雅”，似乎是与真实的人性图景两相分离，甚至互不相干的东西。
⑧但是在二十一世纪渐渐清晰起来的一幅新的人性图景中，“雅”也是人性图景中的一部分。
⑨就以“善”为倒，是一种信仰，还是一种人性的真实？美国密歇根大学哲学系教授孟旦，通过现代社会生物学的成果，揭示了在人的自然本性和遗传中有互惠和利他的先天倾向。
也就是说，人生下来，本能地就有利他的倾向。
孟旦引用了社会生物学研究者爱德华·威尔逊的说法以证明儒家亲亲之仁的合理性。
威尔逊证明了亲亲之爱，建立在“亲族选择”即基因的自然选择基石之上。
“在利他主义行为的起源上，宗族选择特别重要。
”⑩威尔逊还说：“在多种有证据的遗传特性中，最接近道德趋向的是对他人之不幸的移情，以及婴儿与其保护人之间的某些情感过程。
可以为道德趋向的遗传性再提供大量的历史证据。
在进化史的过程中，那些使人趋向于合作行为的基因将会在全体人类中占据支配地位。
”⑪更值得关注的是，脑神经认知科学最新发现表明，对造成他人痛苦的厌恶感和公平感，是大脑在人类进化过程中保留下来的两大先天情感。
科学家通过对大脑的核磁共振实验发现，当志愿者被要求或选择将一个重伤者扔下船去，以解救其他人时，或选择不采取行动时，所有的患者都选择牺牲一人以拯救他人，而正常人则选择不采取行动。
这表明，有病的大脑对道德麻木不仁，而健康正常的大脑则敏感。
大脑相关道的德情感区有病的人，失去道德敏感的生理基础，而正常人则有这个基础。
⑫其实人类学家也早就发现，人类社会的起源，即人的社会性形成，善是开端。
因而我们越多而细致地理解人的历史起源，越是更多地理解人性。
人类学家M·D·萨林斯指出：“在有选择地适应新石器时代的种种危险的过程中，人类社会克服或贬抑了灵长目动物的种种习性，如自私自利、争雄称霸、野蛮竞争等等，人类社会用血族关系和合作代替了冲突，将道德置于力量之上，人类社会在其最早的时期中完成了历史上最伟大的改革——克服人类所具有的灵长目动物的天性，从而确保了人类的不断进化的科点。
”另一个人类学家V·斯蒂芬森从他与爱斯基摩人的长期交往中也得出了同样的结论：“他们之所以幸福，其主要原因在于他们是按照为人准则生活的。
从根本上看，人类与其说是一种竞争的动物，不如说是一种合作的动物。
人类作为一个特种生存下去，是因为互相帮助，而不是丑陋的个人主义。
”⑬上个世纪，我们读大学的时候，特别流行西方现代派的作品。
其中有一篇小说人人皆知，即1983年诺贝尔文学奖获得者威廉·戈尔丁（1911-）最重要的小说，名为《蝇王》。
“蝇王”是人们自己身上所深藏的恶的隐喻。
作者旨在呼吁人们要正视“人自身的残酷和贪婪的可悲事实”，医治“人对自我本性的惊人的无知”。
然而，如上所述，种种跨学科研究的合力，渐渐地正在拼合为一幅区别于《蝇王》的新的人性图景。
这一新的变化，不仅可以反思我们如何利用转化人性负面的固有思路，而且可以以真启美、美善合力，更加理直气壮地强调人性正面价值的文化主导力量。
这不仅可以教我们重新认识中华文化几千年前的性善、仁爱、雅化、守正等观念，而且可以启发我们重新省视当代的文艺、文学以及文化固有的思想框架。
3.第①段加点词“根”在文中具体指（2分）4.如果把“人总是对自己的亲人、朋友更感到亲和，对亲人、朋友更痛痒相关，更愿意分享一些好东西、好信息。
”作为论据，可以支撑以下观点的一项是（）。
（3分）A.雅化是对人性中的自然性加以美化。
B.人类的道德倾向是具有遗传性的。
C.不伤害他人和追求公平的情感是先天的。
D.人类在克服动物性的过程中不断进步。
5.根据文意，作者对“二十一世纪的人性图景”的预测是（）。
（3分）A.顺承人性中自然性的随俗思想会逐渐削弱，雅化的文化思想成为主流。
B.随俗与雅化是人类思想的一体两面，二者的发展互相独立又互相促进。
C.随着生物及社会学等跨学科发展，正面的人性价值会得到更好的张扬。
D.人类会全力发现遗传和社会基因秘密，发掘被隐藏的至善至美的人性。
6.梳理相关内容，分条陈述第⑬段画线部分中“更加理直气壮”的依据。
（3分）7.作者对中华文化几千年前的性善等观念有了“重新认识”，请对新的认识加以评价。
（5分）（二）阅读下文，完成第8-11题。
（15分）看隧道的老表李新勇①离开故乡多年，每次探亲，除了想多陪伴年迈父母，我就想去看看我的傻子老表。
这一次，有机会把一年的公休假跟过年的长假绑在一起，终于如愿以偿。
②他的妻子，我的表嫂，一个拥有三百多号员工的土特产进出口公司董事长，说她派车送我去。
我说老表每次往返你这里，是你派车还是他自己乘车。
表嫂说以前他自己乘车，现在他自己开车。
我说，那我还是自己乘车去吧，看看他曾经走过什么样的路。
③出了门我想，我这傻子老表果然傻到家了，其他不说，表嫂诗歌前呼后拥、腰缠万贯的老板，而自己却是个隧道看守员，单凭这一点都能斩钉截铁认定，他是个不折不扣的傻家伙。
④我的傻子老表曾是我的偶像，他脑子好使，读书过目不忘，初中毕业考上铁路中专，一转身就脱离了农民身份，成为公家人。
1980年代，在面朝黄土背朝天靠老天爷赏饭吃的乡村，这种华丽的转身是具有模范效应的。
⑤我考上大学那一年，他不知从哪里得到消息，乘回来探亲之机，送了我一床毛巾被。
那时候，我们弟兄四个都在读书，家徒四壁。
这条毛巾被，是我最值钱的行李。
在大学里，白天搭在床沿上，当坐垫，以保持床单被子整洁，晚上当被盖，夏天直接搭到肚子上，冬天盖到被子上。
一直用到我沿江东下，定居江尾海头。
这份情谊，我断断忘却不了。
⑥人们开始认为他是傻子，是从他放走窃贼开始的。
据说一天晚上，窃贼趁他熟睡之际入室盗窃，被他捉了个现行，他不但不把那家伙扭送派出所，还问人家遇到了什么难处，拿出钞票给贼人，然后开门送贼。
用村里人的话说，是脑子缺八根筋的人才干得出来的。
⑦后来中专文凭不吃香了，遍地都是大学生，他便从车站被安排到更运的地方做了隧道看守员。
他妻子离职下海，生意越做越大。
接常理，他早该成为妻子的帮手。
即使什么都不干，窝在家里享清福，也不至于被人当作傻子。
⑧通过北斗导航，很快查到老表看守的隧道，一千多米长，在横断山的崇山峻岭之中，两头没有站点。
不到两百公里的路程，换了三种交通工具，打听了十多个人。
四围大山，面临深谷，谷底平原，四方八面全是草木和山树，没有人烟。
接到我的电话，他站在隧道口迎接找，左手手电筒，右手钢锤，头上有头灯，牛皮工具包向左斜挎腰间。
快三十年不见，他没有发福，仍然清瘦，只是容颜苍老，面皮黑得像擦亮的铁器。
⑨正是吃饭的点，没有火车经过，他从工具箱里取出一把手电筒递给我，把我往隧道中领。
进入隧道二十多米，黑暗立即把我们湮灭，两只手电和老表额头上的灯，证明还有两个活人存在。
在隧道中部有三个避车洞，中间一个摆上了两张凳子一个暖炉，旁边简易的工具桌上两个保温饭盒，就是我俩的中饭。
他招呼我坐下来，趁着没有火车经过，赶紧吃饭。
⑩我问他一年到头到底在防备什么，又没见他带枪，他说的确不需要枪，但需要钢锤、钢尺、数显扳手、电子硬度计、红外测距仪等十多种工具，都在挎包里，还需要眼晴。
这一条隧道虽不算长，但修建于1970年代，当年建筑材质和技术有限，加上处在构造地质上，容易出现裂纹和渗漏。
这条铁路很忙，每20分钟一趟火车往返，他每天要巡检三个来回。
查看哪里有裂纹、哪里有渗水空鼓，没有列车时敲敲铁轨，临时停车时敲敲车轮，判断情况，电筒不离手，可以照明，还可以打信号，这活儿一干，快三十年了。
⑪我问他为啥不跟表嫂做生意。
他说他曾经停职了一年，两个月在他妻子的公司里吃闲饭，十个月在医院和家里养“心病”。
关键是脑子里全是隧道里的岩壁和铁轨，睡不着，心脏像被人挖走了。
妻子懂他，待他病愈，支持他来上班了。
正说着，一列火车驱赶着满隧道强烈得睁不开眼睛的光芒呼啸而过，巨大的咔嗒声震得耳鼓麻木失灵，疾驰的寒风带着沙粒和灰尘打在脸上，细小的疼痛在脸上像花朵一簇簇绽放。
老表笔直站立在避车洞中，表示隧道内一切平安，示意火车安心通过。
⑫吃了饭，巡检完剩下的隧道，返回到刚才他接我的地方，距隧道口十来米的一块平地上，一间十来平米的红砖小屋里，办公桌、电话、床铺、简易灶台，一应俱全。
上海市2020年高考英语一模试卷
第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间： 120分钟满分： 140分）第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a cosmetics shop. B. In a hospital. C. In a nutrition department. D. In a supermarket.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Editor and publisher.C. Student and professor.D. Writer and reader.3. A. Open a wedding company. B. Try a new restaurant.C. Run his own bakery.D. Buy some insurance.4. A. The package is too big to deliver. B. The delivery can be made automatically.C. The woman will have lunch with the man.D. The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5. A. He was most difficult to satisfy. B. He set many special requirements.C. He inspected the project regularly.D. He was as common as other customers.6. A. An amazing book. B. A great woman. C. A scientific field. D. A strong voice.7. A. He himself is a big fan of Hepburn. B. He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C. H e felt puzzled by girls’ love for Hepburn.D. He does not know anything about Hepburn.8. A. When to do mind-wandering. B. Where to have physical activities.C. How to keep attentive in a lecture.D. How to take notes in a lecture.9. A. Ordinary. B. Practical. C. Disturbing. D. Unrealistic.10. A. Decorating the company. B. Finishing a painting.C. Preparing a presentation.D. Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 2. B. 11. C. 21. D. 30.12. A. A horse. B. A dog. C. A pig. D. A cat.13. A. More annoyed. B. Less anxious. C. More frightened. D. Less shocked. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Its clear aim. B. Its evaluation process.C. Its numerous applications.D. Its solid foundation.15. A. In 1954. B. In 2013. C. In 2018. D. In 2000.16. A. Its location and area. B. The categories of its collections.C. Its official WeChat account.D. The visiting experience it offers.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Consumer and gender. B. Age groups and activities.C. Sports and facilities.D. Training time and trend.18. A. Cycling. B. Jogging. C. Skiing. D. Swimming.19. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.20. A. To determine which item deserves priority.B. To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C. To know about teenagers’ leisure sporting activities.D. To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) __________ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) __________ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) __________ (much) comfort.Some (24) __________ argue that the aisle(走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) __________ seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to u se the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) __________ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) __________ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) __________ __________ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) __________ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) __________ keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passag, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were ___41___, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the ___42___ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of ___43___ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the ___44___ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next ___45___, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the ___46___ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to a language with betwe en 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is ___47___ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of ___48___ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in ___49___ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously ___50___ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. ___51___, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also ___52___ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend ___53___ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural ___54___ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to ___55___ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardizeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectur al historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old, located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring Chi na’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule(骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty, food could be polluted, and there was always risk of violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was t he Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to dete rmine its age, including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past.”56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________.A. accommodationsB. personal securityC. road conditionsD. vehicles57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of _____.A. documenting smashed historical buildingsB. rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC. saving the oldest temples in ChinaD. protecting historical buildings58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light, __________.A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs’ hideaway59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Creativeness results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievementC. Efforts contribute to happinessD. Responsibilities make development( B )HP ENVY Photo 7155 All-in-One PrinterSpecial offers: Free shipping!●Print, Scan, Copy, Web, Photo●Print speed ISO: Up to 14 ppm black, up to 9 ppm color●Go from memory card to photo printout with ease●Instant Ink ready; High yield ink available------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------$179.99Add to cart$99.99Ships within 1 business dayProduct #K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice, price matching, or help with orders, call 1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device ●1-Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack ○2 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055, 6255, 7155$18.00HP Recommends○3 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055, 6255, 7155$25.00-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink & Paper Support Special offers ReviewsGet true-to-life photos and increased adaptability. Produce true colors, and set up, connect, and print right from your mobile device. Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab-quality photos—with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets—right in your home. The power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier – from social media, the cloud, and your camera-roll gallery.Amazing scanning, now on your smartphone. Scan and share to email or the cloud –from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier – directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi® setup in minutes, and start printing fast.Return & exchange informationHP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.60. Which statement is true of this type of printer?A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B. It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C. It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D. It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?A. Adaptable.B. Automatic.C. Cost-effective.D. Eco-friendly.62. If you order this type of printer online today, ___________.A. you will receive it tomorrowB. you can return it without being chargedC. you can get a care pack on discountD. you can save﹩80( C )①Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be linked to risk-taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors(接收器)which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale. His 40-item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation-seeking, as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does. A desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors, __________.A. he is less likely to feel happyB. he is more willing to take risksC. he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “__________” in meaning.A. contrary toB. in agreement withC. at the cost ofD. persistent in65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4?A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C. The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D. High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66. This passage mainly talks about __________.A. when we learn to take risksB. how risk-taking benefits usC. what makes risk-takersD. why we should take risksSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality oflife and property value.F.Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed tochange how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的) carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient―and often healthier―forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycl ing policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends”―a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networkingsites can become ineffective, aggressive, and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
(完整版)2019-2020学年黄浦区高考英语一模
黄浦区2019 学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120 分钟满分：140 分）2019 年12 月Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) (much) comfort.Some (24) argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28)I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to 31 in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to 32 with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may 33 consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion 34 consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them 35 to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on 36 financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has 37 broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial 38 , as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers are fascinated with how AI has the 39 to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will 40 change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41 , of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the 42 languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of 43 used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the 44 of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next 45 , the rate at which it is losing speakers and the 46 in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is 47 used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of 48 factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 50 language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language.51 , local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also 52 as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend 53 as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural 54in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to 55 endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardizeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule （骡子）or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk orviolence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and l ittered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT.A. accommodationsB. personal securityC. road conditionsD. vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of .A. documenting smashed historical buildingsB. rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC. saving the oldest temples in ChinaD. Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Creativeness results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievementC. Efforts contribute to happinessD. Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo 7155 All - in - One PrinterSpecial offers: Free shipping!●Print, Scan, Copy, Web, Photo●Print speed ISO: Up to 14 ppm black, up to 9 ppm color●Go from memory card to photo printout with ease●Instant Ink ready; High yield ink available$ 99.99 Add to cart Ships within I business dayProduct # K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice, price matching, or help with orders, call 1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device ● 1- Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack ○ 2 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055,6255,7155$ 18.00HP Recommends ○ 3 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055,6255,7155$ 25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true - to - life photos and increased adaptability. Produce true colors, and set up, connect, and print right from your mobile device. Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All - in - One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab- quality photos - with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non - HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets -- right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier - from social media, the cloud, and your camera - roll gallery.Amazing scanning, now on your smart-phone. Scan and share to email or the cloud - from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier - directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes, and start printing fast.Return & exchange informationHP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi - function printer producing high - quality photos.C.It is an easy - operation printer with a two - year free care pack.D.It is a wireless - connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?A. AdaptableB. Automatic.C. Cost - effective.D. Eco - friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today, .A. you will receive it tomorrowB. you can return it without being chargedC. you can get a care pack on discountD. you can save $ 80.(C)① Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk - takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④ Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation - seeking scale. His 40 -item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk - taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation - seeker does. a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤ There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors. .A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine - addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “” in meaning.A. contrary toB. in agreement withC. at the cost ofD. persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph 4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation - seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about .A. when we learn to take risksB. how risk - taking benefits usC. what makes risk - takersD. why we should take risksSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city - level investment in new facilities.B.However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero - emission capable from 2018.E.City planners are using transport - oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.F.Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems neededto change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move marketsin more sustainable directions. 67 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committingto meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 68 This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.69 Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people tochoose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 70 The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningfulfriendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
2020年高三上海黄浦区英语一模试卷及答案
■二英iftut 表弟1页JGIO 页黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（先卷计划：120分钟满分：140分）2019年12月第I 卷（共100分）I. IKlrnlngCoinpi'i-livnxkxiSection ADirrctia«i»: In Section A. you will hew ten shurl cotivcrution 、between two spc;ikcr> At the end of each con 、cmlon, i queuion will be axkct!whai was said. The ccnvcr^iikMH iind the quest kun uill be spoken onh* <wicr After you hear d cmcrylioi 】 aiul (hr quclion about it read the f<Mir [imsibk niUMcru on ytnif paper, atul tkeide whkh one i< the best answei to the question you have heard.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conxcmiion. you will be asked jevvrai queslions. The pa3age and ihc conscnonon will be read tuicc. but the quc«hons will be spoken only once When you hear a question, tvad the four possible answers on your paper and decide whtch one uould be the be" answer to the question you hnc beard. QuEixn II ihra 岫 13 arc basest OH the/ollowmg3. 5. A In a cosmetics shop ABcziind ycrcliiry C Studentand pfolciiwr.A Open J reckling com(>aiiyC Run his own bakery.B. In a hospital A The package i« too big io deliver. C The woman will hevc lunch with the ii»n. A He wa$ nun! ditTicull toC. He inspected tlic project regularly.C. In a nutrition dr[urlincnt □. In a supermarket. & Editor and publisher. D Wnlcr and reader. B Irv <t new rr5lainint. I). Buy wine insurance. B. The delivery can he ina<ic aufotnaticalt^.D. The min can mnkc the delivery tomerrnw morningB. He 田 nun) special requirementsI). I kas common as other customer5. X An nira/mg book. B. A great woman C \ scientific field. I). A strong voice.A He himself is a big tan of Hepburn.C. He felt puzzled by girb' love for Ilepbum \ When to do mind-uandermg.C. How to keep attentne in a lecture.A. Ordinary.B. Practical.A. Decorating the company.C Preparing a pn ：5cntnt>on. B. He does not think rhe girl is like Hepburn I). He docs not know anything about Hepbum. B. U here to h ・、c ph>5ic3l activities. I). I low to take notes in a lecture. C. Disturbing. D. Unrealistic. B. Finishing a painting. II. A. 2.!2. A. A horse.13. A. Mwv annoyed. B. II. B. A dog. B. Lz anxious. C. More frighkrxxl. D. 50. D. A cat D. Lz thuckvd.QMCfixa 14 rhr^t^h 16 are Mwd g the folle^g pa^tge.QuEig 、17fh 「，*xh 20 are b**d on the ，。
2019年最新高三题库上海黄浦区高三期末考试英语
黄浦区第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间： 120分钟满分： 150分）第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Six years ago. B. Seven years ago.C. Eight years ago.D. Nine years ago.2. A. See a film with the woman. B. Attend a charity show.C. Get ready for a charity show.D. Make a new movie.. B. She has just moved into a new 3. A. She is going to be the man’s neighborhouse.C. She is arranging a family trip.D. She arrived in Canada yesterday.4. A. How to pay the registration fee. B. Why to use a credit card.C. When to send a cheque.D. Where to pay cash.5. A. Film stars. B. Radio hosts.C. Pop singers.D. Composers.6. A. He drove her to the airport. B. He followed her to the airport.C. He bought her a map of the airport.D. He lined out the route to the airport on a map.7. A. The man should apply for a bank loan.B. The man should work in a bank to get money.C. The man should turn to someone available for help.D. The man should take other students’ approaches.8. A. Both the tennis courts and the table tennis tables are free.B. Neither of the tennis courts and table tennis tables are free.C. The table tennis tables are free, but the tennis courts are not.D. The tennis courts are free, but the table tennis tables are not.9. A. In a factory. B. In a school.C. In a gym.D. In a lab.. B. A paint shop.10. A. A stationer’ｓ。
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALOI English—English Conversation ClassesTake English conversation classes with native English -speaking teachers from theUnited States,IrelandandAustralia, live, 1 - on - 1.This is by far the best way to improve your real spoken English and listening abilities and get to a level where you can use it in real - life situations. Our teachers mainly carry on conversations about work in different fields, such as business, finance, politics and travel. However, if you like, you can have normal day - to - day conversations about events, weather, etc. If you would like to learn some grammar during conversation, we can do that too!Our English Conversation classes：• Your conversations will always be with a native English speaker.• You can choose the time, day and teacher for each class.• The classes are made for each student individually. They will be at your level, studying what you need and what interests you.Packages10 Classes Package $ 229.90Interested in taking 10, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 10 - class conversation English course.20 Classes Package $ 439,80Interested in taking 20, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 20 - class conversation English course.1. What do the classes mainly focus on?A. Daily conversations.B. Work - related topics.C. Grammar rules.D. Area - based accents.2. Which is NOT offered to the students?A. Native English - speaking teachers.B. Personalized courses.C. Choice of class time and teacher.D. Offline learning materials.3. What should a student do first if he decides on either of the packages?A. Arrange a free class with LOI English.B. Bargain with LOI English for lower fees.C. Choose an experienced LOI English teacher.D. Make a promise to sit through each class.BGray wolves have lived inNorth Americafor at least half a million years. Their living areas once included most of the continentalUnited States. But during the 1800s and early 1900s, wolves were hunted to near extinction(灭绝).By the 1960s, theU. S.wolf population was limited to a handful of creatures in small comers of the northernMidwest.Then, in 1973, a law, the ESA, was passed to protect animals from becoming extinct. Gray wolves were one of the first animals placed on the endangered-species(濒危物种)list. Killing them wasillicit. And theU. ernment worked to promote their protection. In a famous example of this effort, starting in 1995, 31 wolves were moved fromCanadatoYellowstoneNational Park. By 2015, more than 500 gray wolves were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem(生态系统).Today, the continentalU. S.is home to more than 6,000 gray wolves. On January 4, 2021, theU. ernment removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list.Usually, an animal's removal would be cause for celebration. But some environmental protectors say the wolves still need protection. In some parts of the country, wolves are increasing in numbers. More than a thousand of them can be found just inMichiganandWisconsin. But overall, their range is still a small part of what it was. Wolves used to live across most of the U. S. Now they , are found in fewer than a dozen states. Others argue that as long as a species is not in danger of extinction, it doesn't belong on the endangered-species list. And farmers with land near wolf living areas say that if the wolf's population continues to grow, more of their farm animals will be killed by wolves.But some protection groups worry that without protection, the wolf population will crash again. They hope that no matter what, people and wolves can get along peacefully with each other. They are promoting ways to make that happen.4. What caused gray wolves to be almost extinct?A. Losing their living areas.B. Too many natural enemies.C. The extreme climate changes.D. Being hunted in great numbers.5. What does the underlined word "illicit" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Rather difficult.B. Against the law.C. Totally normal.D. Conditionally allowable.6. Why was the gray wolf removed from the endangered-species list?A. They have a much larger population already.B. They have all been put into the safe natural parks.C. They have been feeding on farmers, farm animals.D. They have grown too strong to be protected by humans.7. What do farmers living near gray wolves' living areas think of the animals?A. The wolves are trouble for them.B. The wolves must be better protected.C. The wolves get along peacefully with them.D. The wolves should live where they belong.CMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.8. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous9. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition10. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.11. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesDTo Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. A teacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It wasthe co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...12. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?A. His brother’s losing the job.B. His serious health problem.C. His father’s sudden death.D. His mother’s leaving the country.13. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Force.B. Direct.C. Encourage.D. Accompany.14. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?A. He wanted his brother to study further.B. His father asked him to leave school.C. He had lost interest in most lessons.D. He had to go out to find his mother.15. What will the writer mainly talk about next?A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020黄浦高三英语一模
黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2019年12月I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a cosmetics shop. B. In a hospital.C. In a nutrition department.D. In a supermarket.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Editor and publisher.C. Student and professor.D. Writer and reader3. A. Open a wedding company. B. Try a new restaurant.C. Run his own bakery.D. Buy some insurance.4. A. The package is too big to deliver.B. The delivery can be made automatically.C. The woman will have lunch with the man.D. The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5. A. He was most difficult to satisfy.B. He set many special requirements.C. He inspected the project regularly.D. He was as common as other customers.6. A. An amazing book. B. A great woman.C. A scientific field.D. A strong voice.7. A. He himself is a big fan of Hepburn.B. He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C. He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn.D. He does not know anything about Hepburn.8. A. When to do mind-wandering.B. Where to have physical activities.C. How to keep attentive in a lecture.D. How to take notes in a lecture.9. A. Ordinary. B. Practical. C. Disturbing. D. Unrealistic.10. A. Decorating the company.B. Finishing a painting.C. Preparing a presentation.D. Restructuring the budget.Section B: Passages 15%Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. А. 2. B. 11 C. 21. D. 30.12. A. A horse. B. A dog. C. A pig. D. A сa t.13. A. More annoyed. B. Less anxious. C. More frightened. D. Less shockedQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Its clear aim. B. Its evaluation process.C. Its numerous applications.D. Its solid foundation.15. A. In 1954. B. In 2013. C. In 2018. D. In 2000.16. A. Its location and area. B. The categories of its collectionsC. Its official WeChat account.D. The visiting experience it offers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation.17. A. Consumer and gender.B. Age groups and activities.C. Sports and facilities.D. Training time and trend.18. A. Cycling. B. Jogging. C. Skiing. D. Swimming.19. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.20. A. To determine which item deserves priority.B. To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C. To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities.D. To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ________ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ________ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ________ (much) comfort.Some (24)________ argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all gett ing our drinks and snacks (25) ________ seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) ________ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll s eize the opportunity to get up when anotherseatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ________ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ________ ________ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ________ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ________ keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to __31__ in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to __32__ with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may __33__ consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion __34__ consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them __35__ to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on __36__ financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has __37__ broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial__38__, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers are fascinated with how AI has the __39__ to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will __40__ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were __41__, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the __42__ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.Different researchers offer di fferent definitions of “endangered”. The system of __43__ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the __44__ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next __45__, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the __46__ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half o f the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is __47__ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of __48__ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in __49__ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously __50__ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. __51__, local schools often begin to teach the majority language insteadof the local tongue. Local languages also __52__ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend __53__ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural __54__ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to __55__ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardizeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poor ly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk or violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________.A. accommodationsB. personal securityC. road conditionsD. vehicles57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of ________.A. documenting smashed historical buildingsB. rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC. saving the oldest temples in ChinaD. Protecting historical buildings.58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light, ________A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Creativeness results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievementC. Efforts contribute to happinessD. 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Go from memory card to photo printout withease.HP Photo and Document All - in - One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab- quality photos - with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non - HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets -- right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier - from social media, the cloud, and your camera - roll gallery.Amazing scanning, now on your smart-phone. Scan and share to email or the cloud - from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier - directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes, and start printing fast.Return & exchange informationHP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.60. Which statement is true of this type of printer?A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B. It is a multi - function printer producing high - quality photos.C. It is an easy - operation printer with a two - year free care pack.D. It is a wireless - connected printer protected by modified containers.61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?A. AdaptableB. Automatic.C. Cost - effective.D. Eco - friendly.62. If you order this type of printer online today, __________.A. you will receive it tomorrowB. you can return it without being chargedC. you can get a care pack on discountD. you can save $ 80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk - takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation - seeking scale. His 40 -item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk - taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation - seeker does. a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors. ________.A. he is less likely to feel happyB. he is more willing to take risksC. he will eventually become dopamine - addictiveD. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “________” in meaning.A. contrary toB. in agreement withC. at the cost ofD. persistent in65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4?A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C. The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D. High sensation - seekers are more common than low ones.66. This passage mainly talks about ________.A. when we learn to take risksB. how risk - taking benefits usC. what makes risk - takersD. why we should take risksSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that somany psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦区教育学院附属中山学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦区教育学院附属中山学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMirroring body language is a way to bond and to build understanding, It is a powerful tool that we use without even knowing it.The most obvious forms of mirroring are yawning and smiling. When you seesomeone yawn, you are likely to yawn immediately. Smiling is also prettycontagious—seeing a smiling person makes you want to smile too.Mirroring body language is a nonverbal way to say “I am like you, I feel the same”. Research shows that people who experience the same feelings are likely to trust, understand and accept each other.Women have the natural ability to pick up and understand body signals. Therefore, it is not surprising that a woman is more likely to mirror another woman than a man is to mirror another man. That's why women are regarded as better talkers, even if they might not really have more close friends.It is interesting that when a man tries to mirror a woman's body language while she is talking, he may seem to her as caring, intelligent and attractive.Mirroring body language is an excellent way to build trust and understanding quickly. If you want to set up a connection with a new person, mirror his or her gestures, sitting position, tone of voice and talking pace. This will make them feel that there is something about you that they like.While mirroring body language gains you acceptance, you still need to take into consideration your relationship with the person you arc mirroring. If you are in a lower social position and are mirroring the body language of your boss, he will view you as arrogant. However, if you want to defeat those who are trying to prove superior to you, mirroring their body language will help defeat them and change their position.1. What does the underlined word “contagious” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Powerful to show one's feelings.B. Affecting each other.C. Attractive to the others.D. Being gentle to people around.2. When copying others, body language, one usually can ______.A. send wrong messagesB. hide true feelingsC. avoid misunderstandingD. win others, acceptance3. What might happen if you try to mirror your boss's body language?A. You will appear very attractive.B. It will help to soften his position.C. You will seem unacceptably proud.D. It willbe a good way to build trust.BIn Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observers, this is capitalism at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In the first place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only “regular employees.” Many employees do not fall into this category, including all women. All businesses have many part time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These “irregular workers” make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through the extensive use of subcontractors. This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some people to argue that the Japanese system really is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least working experience. The difference then is probably less than the term “lifetime employment” suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual terms. Firms hold on to the employees and that employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most retirement benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.4. According to the passage, a woman in Japan _________.A. cannot get a lifetime jobB. is impossible to get a part time jobC. will be employed for lifeD. is among the regular workers5. Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?A. They don’t want to lose their retirement benefits.B. They are not adaptable people.C. Any change of jobs will make them less paid.D. They get used to the teamwork.6. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.A. those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twiceB. those who are first laid off by American corporations are temporary workersC. the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexibleD. the Japanese system is totally different from the American system7. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The extremely hard situation during recessions.B. The extensive use of subcontractors in Japan.C. The characteristics of corporations in the United States.D. The features of lifetime employment in Japan.CAbout 12 years ago, Sandy Cambron noticed her mother, Pearl Walker, had become quiet after she moved into a nursing home for patients of Alzheimer's disease inKentucky.“We tried everything — photos, old stories — but nothing worked,” she said. “It was really hard for everyone to see how she had changed.” Then one day whileSandywas in a toy store, she had an idea: Why not givePearla baby doll so she could feel as if she were caring for something again? And why not give one to all the other care center seniors?As soon asSandygavePearlthe doll, her mother's face lit up. “She started talking again and she never went anywhere without that baby,”Sandysaid. “She took 'baby' to the dining room with her and slept with her in her arms every night. When she passed away a year later, we even buried her with that well-loved baby doll.”In the following 10 years, Sandy and her husband, Wayne Cambron, continued to buy dolls and hand them out to the elderly of care centers near their home every New Year. Now Pearl's Memory Babies is anonprofit (非营利) organization that has contributed more than 300 dolls to old people with Alzheimer's disease at nursing homes since February 2018.Last year,Sandyposted New Year’s photos on Facebook, all of which are about seniors reacting to dolls thatshe and Wayne sent to a local nursing home. The post was shared more than 210,000 times overnight. People gave almost $15,000 online. That helped the group buy many dolls.“The dolls offer treatment and comfort,” said Elise Hinchman, who works at a care center inKentucky, "Some seniors cry when they get a doll. And they always rock and talk to their dolls. People with Alzheimer might lose their memories, but they don't lose their ability to love.”8. How did Pearl change after she moved to a nursing home?A. She hardly talked.B. She lost hope in life.C. She felt bored.D. She forgot everything.9. How didPearlreact after receiving the doll?A. She began to cry.B. She was very delighted.C. She played it with a baby.D. She was unconcerned about it.10. What's paragraph 5 mainly about?A. What Sandy did for her mother.B. People's reaction toSandy's post.C. The rising needs for baby dolls.D. HowSandybecame a celebrity.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Good News for Alzheimer's PatientsB. How to Remove Alzheimer's DiseaseC. Baby Dolls Cheer up Alzheimer's PatientsD. Daughter Helps Mother Recover MemoryDMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicyfood six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试题(21页)
黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120 分钟满分：140 分）2019 年12 月Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21)I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22)(book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) (much) comfort.Some (24) argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and theability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25) seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28)I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29)(shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTech Mobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to 31 in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to32 with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may 33 consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion 34 consumers in Southeast Asia alone,there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them 35 to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on 36 financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has 37 broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial38 , as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers a re fascinated with how AI has the 39 to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will 40change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ. ReadingComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41 , of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the 42 languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”.The system of 43used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the 44 of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next 45 , the rate at which it is losing speakers and the 46 in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach itto their children. It is 47 used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of 48 factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 50 language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language.51 , local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also 52 as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend 53 as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural 54in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to 55 endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at handB. at riskC. in useD. in view 42. A. ancientB. evolvingC. localD. surviving 43. A. assessmentB. classificationC. descriptionD. research 44. A. ageB. backgroundC. numberD. religion 45. A. committeeB. centuryC. generationD. governmen 46. A. contentB. occupationsC. situationsD. themes 47. A. advisedlyB. efficientlyC. primarilyD. rarely 48. A. balancingB. complicatingC. historicalD. interrelated 49. A. culturalB. mentalC. moralD. religious 50. A. foreignB. informalC. isolatedD. national 51. A. Forexample B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa 52. A. boomB. developC. disappearD. suffer 53. A. ceasesB. changesC. increasesD. starts 54. A. differenceB. influenceC. shiftD. variety 55. A. enrichB. purifyC. refreshD.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have sinceinspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk orviolence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience i n an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin facedfollowing risks EXCEPT.A.accommodationsB. personal securityC. road conditionsD. vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of .A.documenting smashed historical buildingsB. rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC. saving the oldest temples in ChinaD. Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creativeness results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievementC. Efforts contribute to happinessD. Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo 7155 All - in -One PrinterSpecial offers: Free shipping!●Print, Scan, Copy, Web, Photo●Print speed ISO: Up to 14 ppm black, up to 9 ppm color●Go from memory card to photo printout with ease●Instant Ink ready; High yield ink available$ 99.99 Add to cart Ships within Ibusiness day Product # K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice, price matching, or help with orders, call1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device ● 1- Year Standard WarrantyIncludedwith an HP Care Pack ○ 2 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$ 18.00HP Recommends ○ 3 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055,6255,7155$ 25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true - to - life photos and increased adaptability. Produce truecolors, and set up, connect,and print right from your mobile device. Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All - in - One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab- quality photos - with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non - HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets -- right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier - from social media, the cloud, andyour camera - roll gallery.Amazing scanning, now on your smart-phone. Scan and share to email or the cloud - from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier - directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes, and start printing fast.Return & exchange informationHP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi - function printer producing high - quality photos.C.It is an easy - operation printer with a two - year free care pack.D.It is a wireless - connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?A.AdaptableB. Automatic.C. Cost - effective.D. Eco - friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today, .A.you will receive it tomorrowB. you can return it without being chargedC. you can get a care pack on discountD. you can save $ 80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily. However, some people areobviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason thatexplains why some people are risk - takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, andscientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein Collegeof Medicine asked 34men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking toassess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. Theresults of the research were consistent with similar studies carried outwith rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who arerisk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. Thissuggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cellbecomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people.They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeatthis feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerablereduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there maybe psychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personalitycharacteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring uspleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation -seeking scale. His 40 -item questionnaire, still used today, was given topeople who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who weremore satisfied with a quiet life. While risk- taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated withsensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does not evaluate risk inthe same way that a low sensation - seeker does. a desire to achievepleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as towhy some people maychoose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors. .A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine - addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “” in meaning.A.contrary toB. in agreement withC. at the cost ofD. persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph 4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation - seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about .A. Many options require city - level investment in new facilities.B. However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C. Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero - emission capable from 2018.E. City planners are using transport - oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.F. Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems neededto change how citizens travel.A. when we learn to take risksB. how risk - taking benefits usC. what makes risk - takersD. why we should take risks Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note thatthere are two more sentences than you need.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroadsgave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policyinitiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. 67 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which isboth in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbon emissionsnearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 68 This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.69 Others are using motivations and behavioural change toencourage people tochoose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 70 The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends” -- a threat todevelopmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people accesssocial media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect andget in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningfulfriendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BThe grocerystore might not be your favorite place to visit when you're at home, but is it ever fun when you're in another country? Honestly speaking, they're one of those strange little destinations that I like to sniff out everywhere I go, much as other travelers head toward clothing stores, libraries, coffee shops or galleries.The greatest beauty of the grocery store –– whether it's a supermarket or a tiny shop –– is that it gives you a glimpse into what local people buy to cook their own meals. This offers clues into their lifestyles and preferences, and into the agricultural and cooking practices of the country. I stare at the strange fruits and vegetables, the seafood, the cheese, the spices, the bread, and oh, the chocolate...always the chocolate!Being the environmental nerd（呆子）I am, I like paying attention to packaging, which can reflect people's attitudes towards environmental protection. Italy, for example, has a habit of requiring customers to bag their fruits and vegetables in plastic for weighing, while Sri Lanka leaveseverything loose in bins. In Brazil, everything is prepackaged in a layer of plastic.People in grocery stores tend to be friendlier. They smile, say hello, and sometimes ask questions, which can lead to great conversations. I had a further discussion with a teenaged cashier in Sri Lanka, over which bag of crunchy（松脆的）mix to buy. He insisted that the one labeled “spicy” would be too hot for me, but I told him I was willing to risk it. He laughed and we ended up talking about my favorite Sri Lankan foods for ten minutes.It's interesting then to come home and look at one's own local grocery store through new eyes. What would a visitor think? What stands out, and what do the food displays say about us as a culture? You might be surprised by what you realize.4. According to the author, what is the key benefit of visiting foreign grocery stores?A. Learning to cook foreign dishes.B. Making friends with local people.C. Buying cheaper food and souvenirs.D. Knowing local people and the country.5. What does the author show by mentioning some countries in paragraph 3?A. People's special lifestyles.B. People's shopping habits.C. People's environmental awareness.D. People's packaging methods.6. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. Sri Lankans know a lot about food.B. Grocery stores are good social places.C. Grocery stores vary in different countries.D. Sri Lankans like to give strangers suggestions.7. Which of the following shows the structure of text? (P: paragraph)A. B.C. D.CEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenewtechnology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDPlanned missions to the moon need to hurry up to avoid hitting one of the busiest periods for extreme space weather, according to scientists conducting the most in-depth ever research on solar storm timing.Scientists at theUniversityofReadingstudied 150 years of space weather data to look into patterns in thetiming of the most extreme events,which can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and satellites. This new research on space weather timing allows predictions to be made for extreme space weather. Therefore, it could be used to plan the timing of activities, which could be affected by extreme space weather, for example, major space missions.The researchers found for the first time that extreme space weather events are more likely to occur early in or late solar cycles-such as the one just starting. The findings may have influences on the NASA-led Artemis mission. It plans to make humans return to the moon in 2024, but can be put off to the late 2020s.Professor Mathew Owens, a space physicist at theUniversityofReading, said, “Until now, the most extreme space weather events were thought to berandomin their timing. Though there is no set pattern of the events, this research suggests they are more predictable.”In the new study, the scientists used a new method applying statistical modelling to storm timing for the first time. Previous research generally focused on how big extreme space weather events can be, based on observations of previous events. Predicting their timing is far more difficult because extreme events are rare, so there is ly little historic data to identify patterns. The findings suggest that any major planned space missions , which is beyond the next five years, will have to consider the higher probability of extreme space weather late in the present solar cycle between 2026 and 2030.12. What can we learn about the study from the first two paragraphs?A. It has lasted just 150 years.B. It doesn't refer to space weather data.C. It shows space weather has no effect on astronauts.D. It makes it possible to predict extreme space weather.13. Why might the NASA-led Artemis mission be put off?A. To research solar cycles.B. To avoid effects of space weather.C. To meet the needs of the astronauts.D. To make humans return to Earth in 2024.14. What does the underlined word “random“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Irregular.B. Easy.C. Limited.D. Changeless.15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The study is useful for future space missions.B. The planned space missions should be put off.C. Extreme space weather will happen before 2026.D. Previous observations make no difference to the study.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届黄浦区高三英语一模参考答案
黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷参考答案1-5 DCCDA 6-10 BCCDC11-13 ACB 14-16 BCB 17-20 BBDA21. when / where 22. booking 23. more 24. may / do 25. within / in 26. won’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink / shrinking 30. what31-35 BEGKA 36-40 JHCFD41-45 CDBCC 46-50 CCDAC 51-55 CDCCC56-59 DDCB 60-62 BCD 63-66 BBAC67-70 DEFB71. There is an increasing concern about social networks’ negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides, people can’t bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. So we should pay attention to those impacts. (54 words)72. These security measures will remain in effect until the beginning of next month.73. Self-perfection is an abstract ideal, incapable of motivating some students to actually struggle againstlaziness.74. A shortage of professionally trained teachers has made it difficult for some American schools to join thecompetition in Chinese language teaching.It is difficult for some American schools to join the competition in Chinese language teaching because of a shortage of professionally trained teachers.75. Nowadays, it is so convenient for patients to download their medical records to access information such asthe test results that they will save a lot of time and labor.高三年级英语第1页共1页。