法律英语常见句型(IN RESPECT OF)

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法律翻译笔记

法律翻译笔记

法律翻译笔记〔一〕房屋租赁property tenancy预租pre-leasing法定代表人legal representative股权equity interestpurpose and business scope 宗旨及经营范围contribution 认缴〔资本〕non-compete(non-competition) 不竞争〔协议/条款〕deadlock/impasse 僵局〔条款〕interim meeting 临时会议early termination 提前终止〔协议等〕fair market value 公平市价without regard to its conflict of laws provisions(OR without reference to conflicts of law principles)〔但〕排除冲突法的适用waiver 弃权headings 标题subject to PRC laws 受中国法律约束〔二〕Agreement for Acquiring Increased Registered Capital 认购增资协议Conditions Precedent 〔交易等的〕先决条件without cause 无理由to the best knowledge of 就……所知encumber (property, etc.) 对〔财产等〕设定他方权利time is of the essence 时间是关键要素意向书letter of intent多功能〔地产〕multi-purpose综合性〔物业等〕complex土地使用权land use right合作经营公司Contractual/Cooperative Joint Venture 〔CJV〕合资经营公司Equity Joint Venture (EJV)尽力use its best efforts促使cause...to...预租pre-completion (NOT pre-leasing)许可证permit (NOT approval)可以对抗第三人be good against any claims made by any third party商品房commercial/condominium (NOT commodity house)尾款final payment业主owner法律翻译Tips# 法律文件中列举项目的最后一项前的"or"或"and"表示充分或必要的逻辑关系,不可略译。

法律英语典型句型的翻译

法律英语典型句型的翻译

•法律英语典型句型的翻译•1. OTHERWISE•2. SUBJECT TO•3. WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO•4. WHERE•5. ANY PERSON WHO DOES... SHALL ...•6. FOR THE PURPOSE(S) OF ...•7. PROVIDED THAT ...•8. NOTWITHSTANDING ...•9. SA VE.../ EXCEPT (FOR)...•10. IN RESPECT OF…1.OTHERWISE•Otherwise 在法律英语中的用法:⏹跟unless引导的句子(让步状语从句)连用;⏹置放在连词or之后使用;⏹与than一起,通常用来否定句子的主语。

例1 OTHERWISE•In this Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires, "state" means a territory or group of territories having its own law of nationality. (Laws of Hong Kong, Cap.30, Wills Ordinance, Art. 2) •在本条例中﹐除文意另有所指外, “国家”指拥有本身国籍法的领域或一组领域。

例2 OTHERWISE• A notice under subjection (1) shall, unless it otherwise provides, apply to the income from any property specified therein as it applies to the property itself.•根据第(1)款发出的通知书﹐除其中另有订定外﹐亦适用于通知书内指明的财产的收入﹐一如适用于该项财产本身。

例3 OTHERWISEAny person who by threats, persuasion or otherwise induces a witness or a party not to give evidence in any hearing before the Board commits an offence.•任何人籍恐吓﹑怂恿或以其它手段诱使证人或一方当事人不在仲裁处聆讯中作证﹐即属犯罪。

法律英语翻译:职工和工会组织

法律英语翻译:职工和工会组织

法律英语翻译:职工和工会组织9.1.1 法规条文1.合营企业职工的录用、辞退、报酬、福利、劳动保护、劳动保险等事项,应当依法通过订立合同加以规定。

1. Matters relating to the employment and dismissal of, and the remuneration, welfare benefits, labor protection and labor insurance for, staff and workers of a joint venture shall be provided for in contracts concluded according to law.2.合营企业应当加强对职工的业务、技术培训,建立严格的考核制度,使他们在生产、管理技能方面能够适应现代化企业的要求。

2. A joint venture shall make every effort to conduct professional and technical training of its staff and workers and establish a strict assessment system so as the enable them to meet the requirements of a modernized enterprise in respect of production and management skills.3.合营企业的工资、奖励制度必需符合按劳分配、多劳多得的原则。

3. The wage and incentive systems of a joint venture must be in conformity with the principle of distribution according to work and more pay for more work.4.正副总经理、正副总工程师、正副总会计师、审计师等高级管理人员的工资待遇,由董事会决定。

法律英语常见句型(Any person who does)

法律英语常见句型(Any person who does)
法律英语常用译
2010-12-29
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ANY PERSON WHO DOES… SHALL…
在各国法律中,尤其是各地的刑法中, any person who does… shall be guilty of an offence这种句式重复率相 当高,因为法律的主要功能是界定何种行 为属于违法、犯罪行为以及应受到怎样的 处罚,而这个句型是其中一个最简明、直 接的表达方式。在句法上,这个句型通常 会把主语和谓语用逗号分开,中间加插一 个定语修饰词。以下是典型的例句及其若 干变化形式:
2010-12-29
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ANY PERSON WHO DOES… SHALL…
Ex 7: Article 115. Whoever sets fire, breaches dikes, causes explosions, and spreads poison, employs other dangerous means that lead to serious injuries or death; or causes public or private property major losses is to be sentenced to not less than 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment, life imprisonment, or death.
2010-12-29
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ANY PERSON WHO DOES… SHALL…
判处本法令之罪名的,由于此判决,自判 决之日起10年内丧失以下资格…。
2010-12-29
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ANY PERSON WHO DOES… SHALL…
Ex 3: Any person in respect of whom an order under subsection (1) has been made who contravenes the order commits an offense and is liable to a fine of $50,000 and to imprisonment for 12 months. (ibid. Art. 33A[5])

英文合同常用法律用语

英文合同常用法律用语

正式进某国企法律部两个月来,几乎什么事都没做,因为我看不懂合同,看不懂其中的法律术语(legalese),也看不懂行业术语(至今也没弄明白什么叫发动机喘振)。

于是被迫开始了人生中学英语学得最认真的两个月。

学都学了,贴一些常用的词汇和句型,供大家参考,也欢迎斧正。

一、关于合同(agreement/contract)的一些动、名词开始commence (commencement) 完成consummate (consummation)终止terminate (termination) 中止suspend (suspension)履行perform (performance), carry out, implement (implementation)拒绝履行repudiate (repudiation)取消cancel (cancellation)撤销rescind (rescission), revoke (revocation)补偿indemnify (indemnity)转让assign (assignment), grant保证warrant (warranty), guarantee (guarantee)Inaction 不作为action 作为其中indemnify是bug:我第一次看到的时候非常纯真地问:“领导领导,我有个愚蠢的问题,为什么不用compensate?”领导哈哈哈大笑三声:“你个土鳖!合同里没见过用compensate的。

”事实是我后来看过的合同里确实没见过compensate。

二、关于一些“人”当事人party, contractor(合同当事人;承包人)买方buyer, vendee(通常用于不动产)卖方seller, vendor(通常用于不动产)债权人creditor 债务人debtor 主债务人principle debtor保证人guarantor 被保证人guarantee出租人lessor 承租人lessee发包人主承包人general contractor 分包人subcontractor转让人grantor, assignor 受让人grantee, assignee许可人licensor 被许可人licensee继承人successor 被继承人deceased,decedent清算人liquidator 破产财产管理人receiver受益人beneficiary代理人、法律事务代理人attorney 事实代理人attorney in fact关联公司affiliate 子公司subsidiary托运人shipper consignor 承运人carrier公证人notary public 仲裁员arbitrator法官、审判员judge 证人testis, witness胜诉当事人prevailing, prevailing party这些“人”基本都是由动词变过来的,多以er/or和ee结尾,相对来说还是比较好记。

法律文本中情态动词与典型句型翻译

法律文本中情态动词与典型句型翻译

中华人民共和国法律和中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约没有 规定的,可以适用国际惯例。(《民法通则》第142 条) International practice may be applied on matters of which neither the law of the People’s Republic of China nor any international treaty concluded or acceded to by the People’s Republic of China has any provisions.
Lecture 3
法律文本中情态动词与典型句型翻译
Zhang Xiaohao
I. 法律英语中情态动词用法及翻译
法律英语中使用频率最高的情态动词主要有: Shall May must
1. May
May 在法律英语中主要有两种用法: 表示“给予许可”或“授权某人做某事”(be allowed to or
II. “依法”、“守法/约”套语词
“依法”或“守法/约”的概念词属于出现频率最高的法律套语 词,几乎所有的立法或合同中都包含大量要求或强制相关主体“ 依法”或“守法/约”的内容。《中华人民共国公司法》使用了 135个表达“依法”、“守法/约”概念的汉语词。
汉语中,“依照、依从、按照、遵守(遵表达类似概念的英文词汇主要有:subject to, abide by, observe, keep, follow, comply with, in compliance with/to, in conformity with/to, pursuant to, in pursuance of, in accordance with, according to, under.

第八章 英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练)

第八章 英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练)

第八章法律英语词汇翻译方法(课堂讲练)本章教学目标:了解法律英语翻译中词类转换若干基本方法。

一、法律词汇英汉互译中的词类转换英汉词汇分类大致相当,但鉴于不同的表达习惯,在翻译时不能苛求词类相当,否则可能导致译文意义晦涩,不知所云。

例1、1)、Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up.译文:如果公司被解散,优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。

说明:“Preference Shareholders”,意为“shareholders having priority over Ordinary Shareholders for the dividend (the part of the money which is divided among shareholders) and assets allocation.”本句中的介词“in”如直译为“在—里”,显然拗口,这里就存在着词类转换,即把英语的介词转换为动词。

2)、The “Events of Default”, as used in this Contract, shall mean the occurrence, from time to time, of any of the following circumstances.译文:合同中使用的“违约事项”是指发生以下情形—说明:本句的“occurrence”本为名词,但在译成汉语时,转换成动词较译成“发生”更通达。

所以,为使翻译的译文更加通顺,符合其本身的表达习惯,必要时,就应进行词类转换,在英汉互译过程当中,最常见的就是名词与动词的转换,具体而言,在英译汉时,名词转译为动词最常见,这与汉语语句习惯叠加动词,以致同一句中谓语动词“群雄并立“,而英语句子中只有主要谓语动词”一枝独秀“,其余动词只能转为动名词的不同表达习惯紧密相关。

第八章英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练) (1)

第八章英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练) (1)

第八章法律英语词汇翻译方法(课堂讲练)本章教学目标:了解法律英语翻译中词类转换若干基本方法。

一、法律词汇英汉互译中的词类转换英汉词汇分类大致相当,但鉴于不同的表达习惯,在翻译时不能苛求词类相当,否则可能导致译文意义晦涩,不知所云。

例1、1)、Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up.译文:如果公司被解散,优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。

说明:“Preference Shareholders”,意为“shareholders having priority over Ordinary Shareholders for the dividend (the part of the money which is divided among shareholders) and assets allocation.”本句中的介词“in”如直译为“在—里”,显然拗口,这里就存在着词类转换,即把英语的介词转换为动词。

2)、The “Events of Default”, as used in this Contract, shall mean the occurrence, from time to time, of any of the following circumstances.译文:合同中使用的“违约事项”是指发生以下情形—说明:本句的“occurrence”本为名词,但在译成汉语时,转换成动词较译成“发生”更通达。

所以,为使翻译的译文更加通顺,符合其本身的表达习惯,必要时,就应进行词类转换,在英汉互译过程当中,最常见的就是名词与动词的转换,具体而言,在英译汉时,名词转译为动词最常见,这与汉语语句习惯叠加动词,以致同一句中谓语动词“群雄并立“,而英语句子中只有主要谓语动词”一枝独秀“,其余动词只能转为动名词的不同表达习惯紧密相关。

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IN RESPECT OF…
例1: 除法律另有规定外,对于因不缴付 根据定罪裁定须缴付的款项(不论是罚款 或就作为罪行主体的财物而需缴付的款 项),或因犯罪者所造成的损害,或因无 足够扣押物以低偿此等款项,则行使简易 程序审判权的裁判官,可判处其认为就案 情而言是符合公正原则的监禁刑期,但无 论如何不得超过下表所定的最长刑期……。
IN RESPECT OF…
仅仅从这一段,我们就可以看出in respect of在法律英文中是如何被滥用的。 即使是滥用,作为译者,我们还是无可奈 何,还是需要将其对应的意义翻译出来。 很显然,最典型的译法是“对于”。当然, 在此例中,“对于”是“以一抵三”—一 个“对于”针对三个被修饰的主语。
IN RESPECT OF…
Ex 2: The Licensor shall conduct all legal proceedings in respect of any infringement or alleged infringement of the Licensed Trademarks and any claim or counterclaim brought or threatened to be brought in connection with the use or registration of the Licensed Trademarks…
IN RESPECT OF…
Ex 1: Unless in any enactment it is otherwise provided, the period of imprisonment, which may be imposed by a magistrate exercising summary jurisdiction, in respect of the nonpayment of any sum of money adjudged to be paid by a conviction, whether it be a fine or in respect of the property the subject of the offence, or in respect of the injury done by the offender, or in respect of the default of a sufficient distress to satisfy any such sum, shall be such period as, in the opinion of the magistrate, will satisfy the justice of the case, but shall not exceed in any case the maximum fixed by the following scale… (Court Interpreters’ Journal, Issue No 11, 1st Jan. 1995, pp 12-13)
IN RESPECT OF…
对于就受许可商标提起或威胁提起的诉讼 或索赔,应许可方要求并由许可方支付费 用,被许可方应给予许可方充分合作,包 括作为当事人参与任何诉讼。(孙万彪, 第30页)
IN RESPECT OF…
Ex 4: The Licensee becomes aware that any other person, firm or company alleged that any of the Lrights of another party, the Licensee shall immediately give the Licensor in writing full particulars thereof and may make no disclosure of information or admission to any third party in respect thereof.
法律英语常见句型的翻译
IN RESPECT OF…的翻译
IN RESPECT OF…
在普通英文中,倘若要表达一个与某事物有关的 概念,最常用的介词莫过于regarding或 concerning。其余表达类似概念的词非常丰富, 如in connection with, in relation to, relating等等。但在法律英文中,这一些常用词 似乎都太普通,正式程度欠奉,取而代之的则是 in respect of。不过,由于该词本身灵活性强, 黏附性与词俱来,而正式程度又高,故在法律英 文中往往被过度使用。习惯普通英语的读者、译 者,时常对该词感到头痛;既不好理解,也不好 翻译。其实,只要懂得其最常用的替代,理解和 翻译都不应该有困难。例如:
IN RESPECT OF…
如果被许可方获悉任何其他人、商行或公 司宣称受许可商标侵犯了他方权利,被许 可方应立即以书面形式将详细情况告知许 可方,并不得向任何第三方披露与此有关 的信息或承认侵权。(孙万彪, 30页)
IN RESPECT OF…
对于受许可商标所受到的侵权或声称的侵 权,以及就受许可商标的使用或注册提出 的或威胁提出的索赔或反索赔,许可方应 进行一切法律诉讼。(孙万彪,第30页)
IN RESPECT OF…
Ex 3: The Licensee shall, at the request of the Licensor and at the Licensor’s expense, give full cooperation to the Licensor in any action or claim brought or threatened to be brought in respect of the Licensed Trademarks, including joining in as a party to any proceedings.
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