解读罗素的三种激情(Three Passions)
three passion
阅读导释
overwhelmingly adv. 压倒性的，不可抵抗的 unbearable : adj.难以忍受的 hither and thither : adv. 到处，忽此忽彼 wayward ：adj. 不定性的 anguish ：n. 痛苦 verge ：n. 边缘 ecstasy-ecstasy ：n. 狂喜 shivering ：adj. 颤抖的 rim : n. 边界 unfathomable ： adj. 高深莫测的 abyss ：n. 深渊 mystic ： adj. 神秘的 miniature ： n. 缩影 prefiguring : vt. 预想 saint : n. 圣者，圣人 echoes ：n. 共鸣 vt.发出回声，随声附和 reverberate ： vi. 回响 victims : n. 苦难者 oppressors ： n. 压迫者 mockery ： n. 嘲弄
1.Can you understand the sentence “Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth.” in the passage? 2.What did the author feel while he had the three passions infer from the passage? 3.According to the article ,what governed the author’s life was the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind, so could you tell us what is governing your将罗素视为这个 时代的先知，而与此同时罗素的许多政 治立场却又是十分有争议性的
罗素自传导言译文对比分析
罗素自传导言译文对比分析一、原文内容背景介绍What I Lived For是由罗素写的自传。
这是他的一篇咏志散文，若干年来为人们所传诵。
在这短短的几百个个单词中，除却精美准确的用词、飘逸优美的文风和悲天悯人的人文情怀，还有内部环环相扣的紧密逻辑，为人们所叹服。
这是作者在抒发自己的心灵，也是在总结自己生命的体验。
前言部分很好地总结了作者一生的精神生活：“三种激情，简单而又无比强烈的激情——支配了我一生：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求，以及对人类的苦难不堪忍受的怜悯之情。
”原文是一篇关于人生这样一篇严肃话题咏志散文，为语域中的正式语体。
文章命题清楚，说理透彻，逻辑性强，段落严谨，用词讲究，风格凝重而又不乏诙谐。
充满激情和生动的文字使文章在极具说服力的同时又具有文采。
该自传的译文林林总总，不下数十种，但各有千秋。
经过认真阅读三种不同的译本，并和原文进行对比比较。
二、三种译本的对比分析第一种译本《我一生的追求》（杜争鸣译）；第二种译本《我为什么生活》（泰云译）；第三种译本《我为什么而活着》（胡作玄译）。
首先从题目来看，纵观以上三种译本，基本差不多是属于直译过来的，但是我觉得第一种译文的题目《我一生的追求》（杜争鸣译）更得体，更能符合原文所表达的意境。
第一段第一句的翻译“Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life”，三种译本采取了不同的处理方法，杜译本采取了不改变原文的自然顺序，并同时保留了原文的自然停顿节奏。
而其他两种都是改变了原文的自然顺序，泰译本采取了“合”的思想，直接把三个小短句合为一句话，译成三种单纯而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生；胡作玄译成对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情心，这三种纯洁但无比强烈的激情支配着我一生。
所以，在第一句的处理上第一种（杜争鸣译）翻译的好，既简明扼要又准确，实际上，这种通过保留语序来保留原文紧凑的方式，译文会更自然、通顺，还能达到高效的目的。
Three Passions
（模拟演讲资料5）Three Passions三种激情，质朴而又十分强烈，一直支配着我的人生，即对爱的渴望、对知识的求索和对人类苦难的无线怜悯。
当我读到这一句，我就被深深吸引了。
I.ScriptThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought is, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what—at last—I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live itagain if the chance were offered by me.Except From What I Have Lived ForBy Bertrand RussellII. Noteshither and thither: 到处，忽此忽彼ecstasy n. 欣喜若狂unfathomable adj. 深不可测的miniature n. 缩图，缩影Pythagorean adj. 毕达哥拉斯式的flux n. 不断变化，波动III.Translated version三种激情伯特兰·罗素三种质朴而又十分强烈的激情一直支配着我的人生，这就是对爱的渴望，对知识的求索和对人类苦难的无线怜悯。
1.What I Have Lived For
What I Have Lived For 我为何而活Bertrand Russell Three passions,simple but overwhelmingly strong,have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.有三种简单但又压倒性地强烈的激情主宰着我的生活：对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类所遭遇苦难的难以忍受的同情。
These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward 任性的，刚愎自用的course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair. i have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy 狂喜，入迷，出神 --- ecstasy so great that I would have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness --- that terrible loneliness in which one shivering 颤抖的 consciousness looks over the rim 边，缘 of the world into cold unfathomable 高深莫测的，无法到达底部的lifeless abyss深渊，绝境，鸿沟，深海.这三种激情像三股强大的风，把我吹的飘来飘去，在这个任性随意地过程中，我越过了痛苦的海洋，到达绝望的边缘。
解读罗素的三种激情（ThreePassions）
解读罗素的三种激情（Three Passion s）Authore d by Frank《三种激情》是选自《伯特兰·罗素自传》的一篇优秀散文。
它既是作者心灵的expression，也是对生命的e xperie nce。
作者以shar p的感悟和a cute的目光，分析了人生中的三种激情，即对爱的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类苦难的同情（the longing for love, the searchfor knowled ge, and unbeara ble pity for the sufferi ng of mankind）。
对爱的渴望，使人欣喜若狂，既能解除孤独，又能发现美好的未来。
对知识的追求，使人理解心灵，了解宇宙，掌握科学。
爱和知识把人引向天堂般的境界，而对人类的同情之心又使人回到苦难深重的人间。
罗素认为这就是人生，值得为此再活一次的人生。
对于那些苦苦思索人生意义的闲人，罗素的三种激情可以填补他们真空的头脑；对于那些冥思苦想考研意义的考研人，三种激情可以荡涤他们功利的心灵。
对知识的渴望，让考研人秉烛夜读至午夜而不倦；对真爱的追求；让考研人勇往直前至绝境而无惧；对大众苦难的同情，让考研人身负重压至虚脱而不屈。
有了三种激情，我们的灵魂将一路充满力量，所向披靡。
这篇散文似乎信手拈来，但却耐人寻味。
充满激情，充满感慨，充满智慧，情文并茂，逻辑性和感染力极强。
English VersionWhat I have lived for?Three passion s, simplebut overwhe lmingl y strong, have governe d my life: the longing for love, the searchfor knowled ge, and unbeara ble pity for the sufferi ng of mankind. These passion s, like great winds, have blown me hitherand thither, in a wayward course,over a deep ocean of anguish, reachin g to the very verge of despair.I have soughtlove, first, because it bringsecstasy–ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrifi ced all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have soughtit, next, because it relieve s lonelin ess---that terribl e lonelin ess in which one shiveri ng conscio usness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfatho mablelifeles s abyss. I have soughtit, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mysticminiatu re, the prefigu ring visionof the heaventhat saintsand poets have imagine d. This is what I sought, and thoughit might seem too good for human life, this is what-- at last-- I have found.With equal passion I have soughtknowled ge. I have wishedto underst and the heartsof men. I have tried to apprehe nd the Pythago rean power by which numberholds sway above the flow. A littleof this, but not much, I have achieve d.Love and knowled ge, so far as they were possibl e, led upwardtowardthe heavens. But alwayspity brought me back to earth. Echoesof cries of pain reverbe rate in my heart. Childre n in famine, victims torture d by oppress ors, helples s old peoplea hated burdento their sons, and the whole world of lonelin ess, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life shouldbe. I long to allevia te the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladlylive it again if the chancewere offered me.难词解读：*为考研大纲重点词汇*overwhe lmingl y adv.压倒性地,绝大多数地*unbeara ble adj.无法忍受的,承受不住的hitherand thither adv.到处wayward adj.任性的，任意的*anguish n.痛苦,苦恼=agony vt.使极苦闷,使极痛苦*on/over the verge of在…的边缘= *rim ofecstasy狂喜；摇头丸，爱嗑它死（一种安非他明类毒品）*relieve vt.减轻,解除,援救,救济*shiveri ng adj.颤抖的unfatho mableadj.深不可测的, 无底的, 难解的abyss n.深渊prefigu re v. 预示*miniatu re n.缩小的模型,缩图,缩影adj.微型的,缩小的*apprehe nd v.领会理解Pythago rean adj. 毕达哥拉斯的(古希腊著名的哲学家，数学家)Pythago rean proposi tion [theorem]【数】毕达哥拉斯定理, 勾股定理Pythago rean table(乘法)九九表sway v摇摆；n.摇摆；影响；支配；统治reverbe rate v.反响, 回响*victimn.受害人,牺牲者,牺牲品*torture n.折磨,痛苦vt.拷问,折磨,使弯曲*oppress or n.压迫者 oppress vt.压迫*make mockery of讽刺= mock at*allevia te vt.使(痛苦等)易于忍受,减轻参考译文：我为什么而活？三种激情虽然简单，却异常强烈，它们统治着我的生命，那便是：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求，以及对人类苦难的难以承受的同情。
支配人生的三种激情
支配人生的三种激情在第一个单元，我们来讨论一下人生。
我给你推荐了两本书，第一本是英国哲学家瑞·蒙克写的《罗素传》。
这本书有上下两册。
上册是《罗素传：孤独的精神1872-1921》，讲的是罗素的早年经历，下册是《罗素传：疯狂的幽灵1921-1970》，讲的是罗素50岁以后的人生。
我们要从罗素的一生讨论什么才是幸福。
我给你推荐的第二本书是笔名叫王怜花的北大才子蔡恒平写的《江湖外史》，这本书包括了他写的《古金兵器谱》和《怜花宝鉴之人物志》，当年在网络上都曾流传甚广。
我们一起来读王怜花的书，是要讨论人生的道路选择。
在第二个学习单元，我们来展望一下未来的趋势。
最后一个学习单元是读《论语》，我来跟你谈谈我对做人的一点点感悟，算是学期结束时的寄语。
1.三种激情我为什么要挑选罗素呢？我们读书俱乐部的第一节课是从苏格拉底开始的。
苏格拉底老师告诉我们，“未经省察的人生是不值得过的”。
苏格拉底把哲学的注意力从思考世界起源转变为思考人生。
他的智慧和勇气启迪了后来的无数哲人。
我们讲过理性的力量，从探究人性的本原，到领悟社会的秩序，再到思考经济的规律、历史的趋势，很多哲人追随的都是苏格拉底的脚步。
但是，我也提醒你一下，我们在通识七艺直到通识七观，还讲了另一条反对苏格拉底的战线。
比如，平克讲到，我们的人性并非理性，也不自由，更谈不上平等，我们也介绍了很多脑神经科学、心理学、行为经济学，乃至社会学的观点，这些观点无不提醒我们，理性本身有其局限性，所有能够教会我们谦卑的学问才是好学问。
尊重理性，同时又要警惕理性，这是在通识七艺和通识七观中贯穿始终的一条线索。
成熟的心灵，要学会把握这个矛盾，保持必要的张力，学会让自己的大脑中保持不同的声音，学会自己反对自己，学会自己包容自己。
把这个背景解释清楚，你就能明白我为什么要选择罗素的一生来做案例讨论了。
罗素是一位具有传奇色彩的西方哲人。
他继承的是苏格拉底的传统，他是西方文明的代表人物之一。
我的人生追求
爱和知识总是通往天堂。但是怜悯总把我带回尘世。 痛苦喊叫的回声在我心中回荡。
Love and knowledge invariably lead to the paradise,however,pity brings me back to the moral life.The echo of anguished yelling haunts in my heart. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible,led upw ard toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate my heart.
有三种朴实却异常强烈的激情左右着我的人生：渴望 爱情、寻求知识和对受苦人的怜悯。这三种激情尤如飓
风肆意地吹着我,从无边的苦海吹向绝境。
There are three earthy but extremely strong passion around my life :yearning for love,looking for knowledge,and being sympathy to sufferers. The passions are pushing me violently like hurricane,from immense abyss of misery to the death trap.
英语美文-Three passions罗素(中英)
Three passions 三种激情 -----罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy –ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what- at last- I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flu. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.三种激情 -----罗素三种激情虽然简单，却异常强烈，它们统治着我的生命，那便是：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求，以及对人类苦难的难以承受的同情。
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解读罗素的三种激情（Three Passions）
Authored by Frank
《三种激情》是选自《伯特兰·罗素自传》的一篇优秀散文。
它既是作者心灵的expression，也是对生命的experience。
作者以sharp的感悟和acute的目光，分析了人生中的三种激情，即对爱的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类苦难的同情（the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind）。
对爱的渴望，使人欣喜若狂，既能解除孤独，又能发现美好的未来。
对知识的追求，使人理解心灵，了解宇宙，掌握科学。
爱和知识把人引向天堂般的境界，而对人类的同情之心又使人回到苦难深重的人间。
罗素认为这就是人生，值得为此再活一次的人生。
对于那些苦苦思索人生意义的闲人，罗素的三种激情可以填补他们真空的头脑；对于那些冥思苦想考研意义的考研人，三种激情可以荡涤他们功利的心灵。
对知识的渴望，让考研人秉烛夜读至午夜而不倦；对真爱的追求；让考研人勇往直前至绝境而无惧；对大众苦难的同情，让考研人身负重压至虚脱而不屈。
有了三种激情，我们的灵魂将一路充满力量，所向披靡。
这篇散文似乎信手拈来，但却耐人寻味。
充满激情，充满感慨，充满智慧，情文并茂，逻辑性和感染力极强。
English Version
What I have lived for?
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy–ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what-- at last-- I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flow. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
难词解读：*为考研大纲重点词汇
*overwhelmingly adv.压倒性地,绝大多数地
*unbearable adj.无法忍受的,承受不住的
hither and thither adv.到处
wayward adj.任性的，任意的
*anguish n.痛苦,苦恼=agony vt.使极苦闷,使极痛苦
*on/over the verge of在…的边缘= *rim of
ecstasy 狂喜；摇头丸，爱嗑它死（一种安非他明类毒品）
*relieve vt.减轻,解除,援救,救济
*shivering adj.颤抖的
unfathomable adj.深不可测的, 无底的, 难解的
abyss n.深渊
prefigure v. 预示
*miniature n.缩小的模型,缩图,缩影adj.微型的,缩小的
*apprehend v.领会理解
Pythagorean adj. 毕达哥拉斯的(古希腊著名的哲学家，数学家)
Pythagorean proposition [theorem]【数】毕达哥拉斯定理, 勾股定理
Pythagorean table(乘法)九九表
sway v摇摆；n.摇摆；影响；支配；统治
reverberate v.反响, 回响
*victim n.受害人,牺牲者,牺牲品
*torture n.折磨,痛苦vt.拷问,折磨,使弯曲
*oppressor n.压迫者oppress vt.压迫
*make mockery of讽刺= mock at
*alleviate vt.使(痛苦等)易于忍受,减轻
参考译文：
我为什么而活？
三种激情虽然简单，却异常强烈，它们统治着我的生命，那便是：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求，以及对人类苦难的难以承受的同情。
这三种激情像变化莫测的狂风任意地把我刮来刮去，把我刮入痛苦的深海，到了绝望的边缘。
我曾经寻找爱，首先是因为它能使我欣喜若狂——这种喜悦之情如此强烈，使我常常宁愿为这几个小时的愉悦而牺牲生命中的其他一切。
我寻求爱，其次是因为爱能解除孤独——在这种可怕的孤独中，一颗颤抖的良心在世界的边缘，注视着下面冰凉、毫无生气、望不见底的深渊。
我寻求爱还因为在爱的融合中，我能以某种神秘的图像看到曾被圣人和诗人想象过的天堂里未来的景象。
这就是我所追求的东西，虽然这似乎对于人类的生命来说过于完美，但这确实是我最终发现的东西。
我怀着同样的激情去寻找知识，我曾渴望着理解人心，我曾渴望知道为何星星会闪烁，我还企图弄懂毕达哥拉斯所谓的用数字控制变化的力量，但在这方面，我只知道一点点。
爱的力量和知识的力量引我接近天堂，但同情之心往往又把我拉回大地。
痛苦的哭泣回响、震荡在我的心中。
饥饿的儿童，被压迫、受折磨的人们，成为儿孙们讨厌的包袱的、无助的老人们，充斥着整个世界的孤独的气氛，贫穷和苦难，所有这一切都是对人类生活原本该具有的样子所作的讽刺。
我渴望消除一切邪恶，但我办不到，因为我自己也处于苦难之中。
这就是我的生活，我认为值得一过。
而且，如果有第二次机会，我将乐意地再过一次。
罗素简介：
伯特兰·罗素(Bertrand Russell, 1872-1970)是英国声誉卓著，影响深远的哲学家、数学家、逻辑学家和散文家。
他生于威尔士的特莱雷克，就读于剑桥三一学院，在其漫长的一生中完成了40余部著作，涉及哲学、数学、伦理、社会、教育、历史、宗教及政治等许多领域。
他早年的成就主要在数学和逻辑学，中年关注伦理道德、教育、政治，激励和启发富有进取精神的人。
在1921年曾来中国，在北京大学作过讲座。
他在1950年荣获诺贝尔文学奖。
在政治上，他反对侵略战争，主张和平，晚年参加反战示威。
主要著作有《数学原理》、《哲学大纲》、《教育与美好生活》、《罗素自传》三卷本、《西方哲学史》。