上海2017届高三七校联考
上海市七校2016学年7届第一学期高三教学调研本试卷共4页，满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
全卷包括三大题，第一大题为单项选择题，第二大题为填空题，第三大题为综合题。
本试卷g 均取10m/s 2一．单项选择题（共40分，每小题4分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
）1．物理学发展史上伽利略、牛顿等许许多多科学家为物理学的发展做出了巨大贡献。
以下选项中符合他们观点的是（ ）（A ）人在沿直线加速前进的车厢内，竖直向上跳起后，将落在起跳点的后方 （B ）两匹马拉车比一匹马拉车跑得快，这说明：物体受的力越大速度就越大 （C ）两物体从同一高度自由下落，较轻的物体下落较慢（D ）一个运动的物体，如果不再受力了，它总会逐渐停下来2．从下列物理规律中演绎出“质量是物体惯性大小的量度”这一结论的规律是（ ） （A ）机械能守恒定律 （B ）牛顿第一定律 （C ）牛顿第二定律 （D ）牛顿第三定律3．“玉兔号”月球车依靠太阳能电池板提供能量，如图ABCD 是一块矩形电池板，能绕CD 转动，E 为矩形的几何中心（未标出），则电池板旋转过程中（ ）（A ）A 、B 两点的线速度不同 （B ）A 、B 两点的角速度不同 （C ）A 、E 两点的向心加速度相同 （D ）B 、E 两点的转速相同4．如图为“中国好歌声”娱乐节目所设计的“导师战车”，战车可以在倾斜直轨道上运动。
当坐在战车中的导师按下按钮，战车就由静止开始沿长10米的斜面冲到学员面前，最终刚好停在斜面的末端，此过程约历时4秒。
在战车在运动过程中，下列说法正确的是（ ） （A ）战车在运动过程中导师处于失重状态 （B ）战车在运动过程中所受外力始终不变 （C ）战车在倾斜导轨上做匀变速直线运动（D ）根据题中信息可以估算导师运动的平均速度5．关于静电场的等势面，下列说法正确的是（ ） （A ）两个电势不同的等势面可能相交 （B ）电场线与等势面处处相互垂直（C ）同一等势面上各点电场强度一定相等（D ）将一负的试探电荷从电势较高的等势面移至电势较低的等势面，电场力做正功6．飞行员身体承受的压力最大不能超过体重的9倍，那么当他驾机飞行速率为v 0时，在竖直平面内做圆周运动的最小半径应是 （ ） （A ）v 209g（B ）v 208g（C ）v 2010g（D ）v 20g7．杂技表演的安全网如图（a ）所示，网绳的结构为正方形格子，O 、a 、b 、c 、d……等为网绳的结点，安全网水平张紧后，若质量为m 的运动员从高处落下，并停止在O 点上。
该处下凹至最低点时，网绳dOe ，bOg 均为120°张角，如图（b ）所示，此时O 点周围每根网绳承受的张力大小为（ ）（A ）mg （B ）32mg （C ）12mg（D ）2mg8．一质点做匀加速直线运动时，速度变化Δv 时发生位移x 1，紧接着速度变化同样的Δv 时发生位移x 2，则该质点的加速度为（ ） （A ）（Δv ）2x 2－x 1（B ）2（Δv ）2x 2－x 1（C ）（Δv ）2（1x 1 －1x 2）（D ）（Δv ）2（1x 1 ＋1x 2）9．弹弓是孩子们喜爱的弹射类玩具，其构造原理如图所示，橡皮筋两端点A 、B 固定在把手上，橡皮筋处于ACB 时恰好为原长状态，在C 处（AB 连线的中垂线上）放一固体弹丸，一手执把，另一手将弹丸拉至D 点放手，弹丸就会在橡皮筋的作用下发射出去，打击目标。
现将弹丸竖直向上发射，已知E 是CD 中点，则（ ） （A ）从D 到C 过程中，弹丸的机械能守恒（B ）从D 到C 过程中，弹丸的动能一直在增大（C ）从D 到C 过程中，橡皮筋的弹性势能先增大后减小 （D ）从D 到E 过程橡皮筋对弹丸做功大于从E 到C 过程10．截面为直角三角形的木块A 质量为M ，放在倾角为θ的斜面上，当θ＝37°时，木块恰能静止在斜面上．现将θ改为30°，在A 与斜面间放一质量为m 的光滑圆柱体B ，如图乙，（sin37°＝0.6，cos37°＝0.8）则（ ）（A ）A 、B 仍一定静止于斜面上（B ）若M ＝2m ，则A 受到的摩擦力为32 mg（C ）若M ＝8m ，则A 受到斜面的摩擦力为92 mg（D ）以上说法都不对二、填空题（共24分，每小题6分）11．1960年第11届国际计量大会通过了国际上通用的国际单位制（SI ），其间规定了7个基本单位。
在力学中．．．，除米（m ）、千克（kg ）外，______________也是基本单位。
在国际单位制中，力用基本单位可以表示为______________。
12．如右图所示，吊床用绳子拴在两根柱子的等高位置上。
某人先坐在吊床上处于静止状态，这时吊床两端系绳中的拉力为F1，吊床对该人的作用力为F 2；后躺在吊床上处于静止状态，这时吊床两端系绳中的拉力为F 1′，吊床对该人的作用力为F 2′；则F 1__________F 1′，F 2__________F 2′。
（请选填“＞”、“＜”、“＝”）13．如图所示，倾角θ的固定光滑斜面上放置质量m 的小物块A 。
某时刻用竖直向下的恒力压物体A 使其静止起加速下滑，同时B 物体从同高度自由落体。
两者同时到地面，则物块A 的加速度大小为______________，恒力的大小A B为_________________。
14．如图所示，在光滑小滑轮C正下方相距h的A处固定一电量为Q的点电荷，电量为q的带电小球B，用绝缘细线拴着，细线跨过定滑轮，另一端用适当大小的力拉住，使小球处于静止状态，这时小球与A点的距离为R，细线CB与AB垂直。
（静电力恒量为k，环境可视为真空），则小球所受的重力的大小为____________，若小球所受的重力为G，缓慢拉动细线（始终保持小球平衡）直到小球刚到滑轮的正下方过程中，拉力所做的功为____________。
三、综合题（共36分）15．（10分）如图（a）为“用DIS研究加速度和力的关系”的实验装置。
（1）在该实验中必须保持________________________不变，用__________________作为小车所受的合外力。
（2）（单选题）改变所挂钩码的数量，多次测量。
在某次实验中根据测得的多组数据画出如图（b）所示的a-F图线。
此图线的AB段明显偏离直线，造成此误差的主要原因是（）（A）小车与轨道之间存在摩擦（B）导轨保持了水平状态（C）所挂钩码的总质量太大（D）所用小车的质量太大（3）某小组对该实验做出改进并做了新的尝试，步骤如下：①取一盒总质量为m＝0.1kg的砝码放置在小车上，左侧不挂任何物体，将长木板的右侧抬高，调节长木板的倾角，使小车在木板上自由运动，观察电脑屏幕上的v-t图像，直至图像为一条平行于时间轴的直线。
②在左侧挂一个小盘，使小车无初速滑下，根据计算机上的v-t图像得出小车的加速度a。
③从小车上取下质量为m x的砝码放到小盘中，再使小车无初速滑下，根据计算机上的v-t图像得出小车相应的加速度a。
④改变m x的大小，重复步骤③，得到6组m x及其对应的加速度a的数据。
⑤建立坐标系，作出如图（c）所示的a-m x图线。
若从图（c）中求出斜率k＝20m/（kg·s2），截距b＝0.8m/s2，则小盘的质量m0＝_______________kg，小车及上面固定的位移传感器的总质量M＝_______________kg（不含砝码的质量）。
16．（12分）如图所示，带正电的甲球固定在足够大的光滑绝缘水平面上的A点，其带电量为Q；质量为m、带正电的乙球在水平面上的B点由静止释放，其带电量为q；A、B两点间的距离为l0。
释放后的乙球除受到甲球的静电力作用外，还受到一个大小为F＝kQq4l02（k为静电力常数）、方向指向甲球的恒力（非电场力）作用，两球均可视为点电荷。
求：（1）乙球在释放瞬间的加速度大小；（2）乙球的速度最大时两球间的距离；（3）乙球从开始运动到最大速度过程中电势能如何变化。
（定性分析，简要说明理由）拉力ACBqQhR甲ABF乙l017．（14分）如图所示，质量分别为3m、2m、m的三个小球A、B、C用两根长为L的轻绳相连，置于倾角为30°、高为L的固定光滑斜面上，A球恰能从斜面顶端处竖直落下，弧形挡板使小球只能竖直向下运动，小球落地后均不再反弹。
由静止开始释放它们，不计所有摩擦，求：（1）A球刚要落地时的速度大小；（2）C球刚要落地时的速度大小．参考答案及评分标准一、单项选择题（共40分，每小题4分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ACDDBBCADC二、填空题（共24分，每小题6分）11．秒（s ），kg ·m/s 212．＞，＝13．g sin θ ，mg tan 2θ14．hkQq R 3 ，GR （1－R h ）或hkQq R 2 （1－R h）三、综合题（共36分）15．（10分）（1）小车总质量（2分），钩码重力（2分） （2）C （2分） （3）0.04（2分） （4）0.36（2分）16．（12分） （1）ma ＝kQql 02– F （2分） 可解得a ＝3kQq4ml 02（2分）（2）当两个力大小相等时，乙球的速度最大， （2分） F ＝kQq 4l 02 ＝ kQqx 2（2分） 可解得x ＝2l 0 （2分）（3）静电力做正功，电势能减少 （2分）17．（14分）（1）在A 球未落地前，A 、B 、C 组成的系统机械能守恒，设A 球刚要落地时系统的速度大小为v 1，则 12（m A ＋m B ＋m C ）v 21＝m A gh A －m B gh B 1－m C gh C 1 （2分） 又h A ＝L ，h B 1＝h C 1＝L sin 30° （1分） 代入数据并解得：v 1＝gL2（2分） （2）在A 球落地后，B 球未落地前，B 、C 组成的系统机械能守恒，设B 球刚要落地时系统的速度大小为v 2，则 12（m B ＋m C ）v 22－12（m B ＋m C ）v 21＝m B gh B 2－m C gh C 2 （2分） 又h B 2＝L ，h C 2＝L sin 30° （1分） 代入数据并解得：v 2＝3gL2（2分） 在B 球落地后，C 球未落地前，C 球在下落过程中机械能守恒，设C 球刚要落地时的速度大小为v 3，则12m C v 23－12m C v 22＝m C gh C 3 （2分） 又h C 3＝L ，代入数据解得v 3＝14gL2. （2分）。
2017学年七校联考(含答案和解析)
2017学年第一学期高三学科交流试卷（七校联考）2017.11 II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with theproper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On Oct. 12, 2017, McDonald’s Chinese business changed its company’s name from Maidanglao to Jingongmen. The fast food chain stated on its blog that Chinawill still bear the old name (21)_____ _____ the fans can be reassured and consumers can still be lovin’ it.The now logo had its start in 1952, (22) _______ the McDonald's brothers were interviewing architects to design the first McDonald's location. But the bro ther’s planto construct a restaurant with two arches(拱门) on each side (23) _________ (deny)by the first three architects.Then, they found Stanley Clark Meston. Meston designed the McDonald's location to stand out amongst the surrounding buildings, (24) ________ (grab) the attention of drivers who could be convinced to pull over and buy a quick burger. Two golden arches, one on each side of the building, did just that.Originally, the two arches were not meant to form an “M”. However, as the building design became famous, the chain created a logo (25) __________ (intend) to be a simple artistic view of a McDonald’s location, with a roof and two arches liningup to form M.By the late 1960s, McDonald's （26）_________ (abandon) the two-arch design, with the golden arches appearing instead on signs. This is the era in whichRay Kroc had taken over the business, using the golden arches as a logo, not as an architectural instruction. Strangely, (27) ______ many people may not realize is thatthe McDonald’s arches symbolize a mother’s nourishing breasts in Freudian terms, so Louis Cheskin, a design consultant, said McDonald’s (28) ________ as well maintainits branding.Nearly two decades ago, Thomas Friedman came up with his “Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention”. The idea (29) _______ no two countries that had McDonald’s restaurants would go to war suited the post-cold war1990s.Unfortunately, as war is now back on the menu, McDonald’s is ___________ (likely) to prevent afifth war between India and Pakistan. Newer American brand, such as Apple, Uberand Starbucks, are powering ahead.21. so that 22. when 23. was denied 24. grabbing 25. intended 26. had abandon 27.what 28. might 29.that 30. less likely21.考查目的状语从句，根据主从句之间的逻辑关系可知表示目的，为了。
【数学】上海市十二校2017届高三下学期3月联考试卷
上海市十二校2017届高三下学期3月联考数学试卷一、填空题1. 已知集合(){}|lg 2A x y x ==-，集合{|B y y ==，则A B = .2. 若不等式162x a<-的解集为()1,-+∞，则实数a = .3.函数()()22f x x x =<-的反函数是 .4.若()1i i 2i(,,i a b a b +=-∈R 是虚数单位），则i a b += .5．如图是底面半径为1，母线长为2的圆锥和圆柱的组合体，则该组合体的体积为 .6.若圆221x y +=与直线2x a t y t=+⎧⎨=⎩（参数t ∈R ）相切，则实数a = .7.变量,x y 满足约束条件222y x x y x ≥⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪≥-⎩，则22z x y =+的最大值是 .8.{}n a 是无穷数列，若{}n a 是二项式()()12nx n *+∈N 展开式各项系数和，则12111lim n n a a a →∞⎛⎫+++= ⎪⎝⎭. 9.如图，圆O 与x 轴正半轴交点为A ,点B ,C 在圆O 上，圆C 在第一象限，且43,,,1,55B AOC BC α⎛⎫-∠== ⎪⎝⎭则5cos 6π⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭α .10.现有16张不同的卡片，其中红色、黄色、蓝色、绿色卡片各4张，从中任取3张，要求这3张卡片不能是同一种颜色，且红色至少1张，则不同取法的种数为 .11.如图，已知点()2,0P ，且正方形ABCD 内接于22:1,,O x y M N +=分别为边AB ,BC的中点，当正方形ABCD 绕圆心O 旋转时，PM ON ⋅的取值范围是为 .12.已知函数()()sin 0,,24f x x x ππ⎛⎫=+>≤=- ⎪⎝⎭ωϕωϕ为()f x 的零点，4x π=为函数()y f x =的对称性，且()f x 在5,1836ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调，则ω的最大值为 .二、选择题：13．已知二元一次方程组的增广矩阵为421m m m m +⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，若此方程组无实数解，则实数m的值为( )A. 2m =±B. 2m =C. 2m =-D. 2m ≠±14．一个几何体的主视图和左视图如图所示，则这个几何体的俯视图不可能是( )15．已知动点(),P x y 满足3411x y =+-，则点P 的轨迹是( )A. 直线B. 抛物线C. 双曲线D.椭圆16．已知两个不相等的非零向量,a b ，两组向量均由1234,,,x x x x 和1234,,,y y y y 均由2个a 和2个b 排列而成，记11223344min ,S x y x y x y x y S =⋅+⋅+⋅+⋅表示S 所有可能取值中的最小值，则下列命题中正确的个数为（ ）①S 有3个不同的值；②若a b ⊥，则min S 与b 无关；③若//a b ，则min S 与b 无关；④若2min 2,4b a S a ==，则a 与b 的夹角为3π A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 3三、解答题：解答应写出必要的文字说明或推理、验算过程.17.长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，底面ABCD 是正方形，12,1,AA AB E ==是1DD 上的一点,求：（1）异面直线AC 与1B D 所成的角；（2）若1B D ⊥平面ACE ，求三棱锥A CDE -的体积18.已知函数())1cos cos ,,02f x x x x x =+-∈>R ωωωω，若()f x 的最小正周期为4.π（1）求函数()f x 的单调递增区间；（2）在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，且满足()2cos cos a c B b C -=，求函数()f A 的取值范围.19.已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b +=>>的右焦点为(),0F c ，点2,3P ⎛ ⎝⎭在椭圆上： （1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）过点F 的直线l 交椭圆C 于A ,B 两点，点M 在椭圆C 上,坐标原点O 恰好为ABM ∆的重心，求直线l 的方程.20.已知函数()42xxf x =-，实数,s t 满足()()0,22,2sts tf s f t a b ++==+=.（1）当函数()f x 的定义域为[]1,1-时，求()f x 的值域； （2）求函数关系式()b g a =，并求函数()g a 的定义域D ；（3）在（2）的结论中，对任意1x D ∈，都存在[]21,1x ∈-，使得()()12g x f x m =+成立，求实数m 的取值范围.21.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且()22n n S a n *=-∈N . （1）求数{}n a 列的通项公式；（2）若数列{}n b 满足()1312231121212121n nn n b b b b a +=-+-+-++++，求{}n b 的通项公式；（3）在（2）的条件下，设2nn n c b λ=+，问是否存在实数λ，使得数列{}()n c n *∈N 是单调递增数列？若存在，求出λ的取值范围；若不存在，请说明理由.。
2017年上海市十二校联考高三一模语文试卷(附答案)
2016学年度第一学期十二校联考高三语文试卷命题人：张东华学校:莘庄中学审题人：张天兵、王燕君学校:三林中学、嘉定二中2016年12月一阅读 80分(一)阅读下文，完成第1—6题。
（18分）穿过云朵直至阳光处——在第三次汉学家文学翻译国际研讨会上的发言贾平凹各位女士，各位先生：①几年前，我听到这样一句话：翻译就是世界文学。
这话让我吃惊，可冷静一想，事情确实是这样的，没有翻译，从何谈世界文学呢？正是一批中国作家的作品被翻译出去，尤其是被翻译出去的莫言先生获得了诺贝尔文学奖后，使世界才了解了和正在了解着中国文学。
翻译的功德巨大啊！现在，中国的政府、中国的文学组织机构，中国作家对翻译的热情很高，这次大会的主题是“解读．．中国故事”，其希望和目的要让中国作家的作品更多地翻译出去，翻译得更好更准确更丰满，有幸参加这个大会，对于如何解读中国故事的话题上，我谈谈我的一些认识。
②解读中国故事，就是让人知道这是中国的故事，并从故事中能读到当今中国是什么样子，中国人的生存状态和精神状态，能读出中国的气派、味道和意义。
而当下的中国，作家是极其多，作品也是极其多，据有关资料报道，仅长篇小说，每年就印刷出版三千余部，在这些庞大的作家群和作品堆里，怎么去识别哪些是有价值的作品，哪些是意义不大的作品，哪些作品值得被翻译出去，哪些作品是需要下工夫做的重点翻译？别说翻译家，就是中国的文学专业人员也难以做到那么好。
虽然对于一部作品的优劣高低鉴别那是自有一种标准和感觉的，好的就是好，不好就是不好，它会口口相传，产生出影响，但是当不可能把所有作品都读过，或无法从整体上来把握时，具体到某一部作品，常常是各人有各人的解读。
③我的意思是能多读些作品尽量去多读些作品，从而能从中国文学的整体上去把握和掌控，当把豆子平放在一个大盘里，好的豆子．．．．和不好的豆子就自然都发现了。
要了解孔子，不仅是读孔子，还有必要读老子，读荀子，读韩非子等等，这样更能了解孔子。
上海市长宁、嘉定区2017届高三数学一模+答案
2016-2017学年度长宁、嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研数 学 试 卷一．填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，第1~6题每题填对得4分，第7~12题每题填对得5分．1．设集合},1|2|{R ∈<-=x x x A ，集合Z =B ，则=B A I _____________．2．函数⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=3sin πωx y （0>ω）的最小正周期是π，则=ω____________． 3．设i 为虚数单位，在复平面上，复数2)2(3i -对应的点到原点的距离为__________． 4．若函数a x x f ++=)1(log )(2的反函数的图像经过点)1,4(，则实数=a __________．5．已知nb a )3(+展开式中，各项系数的和与各项二项式系数的和之比为64，则=n ______．6．甲、乙两人从5门不同的选修课中各选修2门，则甲、乙所选的课程中恰有1门相同的选法有___________种．7．若圆锥的侧面展开图是半径为2cm 、圆心角为︒270的扇形，则这个圆锥的体积为_____________3cm ． 8．若数列}{n a 的所有项都是正数，且n n a a a n 3221+=+++Λ（*N ∈n ），则=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++++∞→1321lim212n a a a n n n Λ_____________． 9．如图，在△ABC 中，︒=∠45B ，D 是BC 边上的一点，5=AD ，7=AC ，3=DC ，则AB 的长为_____________．10．有以下命题：① 若函数)(x f 既是奇函数又是偶函数，则)(x f 的值域为}0{；② 若函数)(x f 是偶函数，则)(|)(|x f x f =；③ 若函数)(x f 在其定义域内不是单调函数，则)(x f 不存在反函数；④ 若函数)(x f 存在反函数)(1x f-，且)(1x f -与)(x f 不完全相同，则)(x f 与)(1x f -图像的公共点必在直线x y =上．其中真命题的序号是______________（写出所有真命题的序号）．11．设向量)2,1(-=OA ，)1,(-=a OB ，)0,(b OC -=，其中O 为坐标原点，0>a ，0>b ，若A 、B 、C 三点共线，则ba 21+的最小值为____________． 12．如图，已知正三棱柱的底面边长为2cm ，高为5cm ，一质点自A 点出发，沿着三棱柱的侧面绕行两周到达1A 点的最短路线的长为__________cm ．二．选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分）每题有且仅有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，每题选对得5分，否则一律得零分．13．“2<x ”是“24x <”的……………………………………………………………（ ）（A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件（C ）充分必要条件 （D ）既非充分又非必要条件14．若无穷等差数列}{n a 的首项01<a ，公差0>d ，}{n a 的前n 项和为n S ，则以下结论中一定正确的是……………………………………………………………………………（ ）（A ）n S 单调递增 （B ）n S 单调递减 （C ）n S 有最小值 （D ）n S 有最大值15．给出下列命题：（1）存在实数α使23cos sin =+αα； （2）直线2π-=x 是函数x y sin =图象的一条对称轴；（3）)cos(cos x y =（R ∈x ）的值域是]1,1[cos ；（4）若α，β都是第一象限角，且βα>，则βαtan tan >．其中正确命题的序号为……………………………………………………………………（ ）（A ）（1）（2） （B ）（2）（3） （C ）（3）（4） （D ）（1）（4）16．如果对一切正实数x ，y ，不等式yx a x y 9sin cos 42-≥-恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是…………………………………………………………………………………………（ ）（A ）⎥⎦⎤ ⎝⎛∞-34, （B ）),3[∞+ （C ）]22,22[- （D ）]3,3[- 三．解答题（本大题满分76分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤．17．（本题满分12分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分7分．如图：已知⊥AB 平面BCD ，CD BC ⊥，AD 与平面BCD 所成的角为︒30，且2==BC AB ． （1）求三棱锥BCD A -的体积；（2）设M 为BD 的中点，求异面直线AD 与CM 所成角的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示）．18．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．在△ABC 中，a ，b ，c 分别是角A ，B ，C 的对边，且72cos 22sin 82=-+A C B ． （1）求角A 的大小；（2）若3=a ，3=+cb ，求b 和c 的值． 19．（本题满分16分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分11分．某地要建造一个边长为2（单位：km ）的正方形市民休闲公园OABC ，将其中的区域ODC 开挖成一个池塘．如图建立平面直角坐标系后，点D 的坐标为)2,1(，曲线OD 是函数2ax y =图像的一部分，过边OA 上一点M 在区域OABD 内作一次函数b kx y +=（0>k ）的图像，与线段DB 交于点N （点N 不与点D 重合），且线段MN 与曲线OD 有且只有一个公共点P ，四边形MABN 为绿化风景区．（1）求证：28k b =-； （2）设点P 的横坐标为t ，① 用t 表示M ，N 两点的坐标；② 将四边形MABN 的面积S 表示成关于t 的函数)(t S S=，并求S 的最大值．20．（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分．已知函数3329)(+⋅-=x x a x f ．（1）若1=a ，]1,0[∈x ，求)(x f 的值域；（2）当]1,1[-∈x 时，求)(x f 的最小值)(a h ；（3）是否存在实数m 、n ，同时满足下列条件：①3>>m n ；② 当)(a h 的定义域为],[n m 时，其值域为],[22n m ．若存在，求出m 、n 的值；若不存在，请说明理由．21．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分．已知无穷数列}{n a 的各项都是正数，其前n 项和为n S ，且满足：a a =1，11-=+n n n a a rS ，其中1≠a ，常数r N ∈．（1）求证：n n a a -+2是一个定值；（2）若数列}{n a 是一个周期数列（存在正整数T ，使得对任意*N ∈n ，都有n T n a a =+成立，则称}{n a 为周期数列，T 为它的一个周期），求该数列的最小周期；（3）若数列}{n a 是各项均为有理数的等差数列，132-⋅=n n c （*N ∈n ），问：数列}{n c 中的所有项是否都是数列}{n a 中的项？若是，请说明理由；若不是，请举出反例．2016学年长宁、嘉定区高三年级第一次联合质量调研数学试卷参考答案与评分标准一．填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，第1~6题每题填对得4分，第7~12题每题填对得5分．1．}2{ 2．2 3．53 4．3 5．6 6．60 7．π873 8．2 9．265 10．① ② 11．8 12．13 二．选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分）每题有且仅有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，每题选对得5分，否则一律得零分．13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D三．解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤． 17．（本题满分12分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分7分．（1）因为⊥AB 平面BCD ，所以ADB ∠就是AD 与平面BCD 所成的角，即︒=∠30ADB ，且AB 为三棱锥BCD A -的高． …………………………（2分）由2==BC AB ，得32=BD ，又由CD BC ⊥，得22=CD ． …………（3分） 所以，324213131=⋅⋅⋅⋅=⋅=∆AB CD BC h S V BCD ． ……………………（5分） （2）取AB 中点E ，连结EM ，EC ，则EM ∥AD ，所以EMC ∠就是异面直线AD 与CM 所成的角（或其补角）， ……………………………………（1分）在△EMC 中，2=EM ，3=CM ，5=EC ， …………………………（3分）所以，633225342cos 222=⋅⋅-+=⋅-+=∠CM EM EC CM EM EMC ， ……………………（6分） 即63arccos =∠EMC ． 所以异面直线AD 与CM 所成角的大小为63arccos． ……………………（7分） 18．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．（1）由72cos 22sin 82=-+A C B ，得01)cos(4cos 42=+++C B A ，……（2分） 因为π=++C B A ，所以A C B cos )cos(-=+，故0)1cos 2(2=-A ，…………（4分） 所以，21cos =A ，3π=A ． …………………………………………………………（6分） （2）由余弦定理，A bc c b a cos 2222-+=，得322=-+bc c b ， ………………（2分）33)(2=-+bc c b ，得2=bc ， ……………………………………（4分）由⎩⎨⎧==+,2,3bc c b 解得⎩⎨⎧==,1,2c b 或⎩⎨⎧==.2,1c b ………………………………（8分） 19．（本题满分16分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分11分．（1）将)2,1(D 代入2ax y =得，2=a， 所以二次函数的解析式为22x y =（10≤≤x ）， …………………………（2分） 由⎩⎨⎧=+=,2,2x y b kx y 得022=--b kx x ， …………………………………………（3分） 由题意，△082=+=b k ，所以82k b -=． ……………………………………（5分） （2）① 由（1），一次函数的解析式为82k kx y -=， …………………………（1分） 因为直线过点)2,(2t t P ，所以8222k kt t -=，解得t k 4=，故22t b -=．…………（2分） 所以一次函数为224t tx y -=，令0=y ，得2t x =，即⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛0,2t M ， ………………（3分） 令2=y ，得⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=t t x 121，即⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+2,121t t N ． ………………………………（5分） ② 22||t MA -=，⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=t t NB 1212||， …………………………………………（1分） 当点N 与点B 重合时，22242=-⋅t t ，解得32-=t ，所以)1,32(-∈t ． 所以，⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=⋅+⋅=t t AB NB MA t S 214|||)||(|21)(，)1,32(-∈t ．…………（4分）因为221≥+t t ，当且仅当22=t 时取等号，所以当且仅当22=t （km ），时)(t S 取最大值)24(-（2km ）． ………………………………………………（6分）20．（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分．（1）当1=a 时，由3329+⋅-=x x y ，得2)13(2+-=x y ， ………………（2分）因为]1,0[∈x ，所以]3,1[3∈x ，]6,2[∈y ． …………………………………（4分） （2）令t x =3，因为]1,1[-∈x ，故⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈3,31t ，函数)(x f 可化为 2223)(32)(a a t at t t g -+-=+-=． …………………………………………（2分） ① 当31<a 时，3292831)(a g a h -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=； …………………………………………（3分） ② 当331≤≤a 时，23)()(a a g a h -==； …………………………………………（4分） ③ 当3>a 时，a g a h 612)3()(-==． ……………………………………………（5分）综上，⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧>-≤≤-<-=.3.612,331,3,31,32928)(2a a a a a a a h ………………………………………………（6分） （3）因为3>>m n ，a a h 612)(-=为减函数，所以)(a h 在],[n m 上的值域为)](,)([m h n h ， …………………………………………（2分）又)(a h 在],[n m 上的值域为],[22n m ，所以，⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==,)(,)(22n m h m n h 即⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=-,612,61222n m m n …（3分） 两式相减，得))(()(622n m n m n m n m -+=-=-，因为3>>m n ，所以6=+n m ，而由3>>m n 可得6>+n m ，矛盾．所以，不存在满足条件的实数m 、n ． …………………………………………（6分）21．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分．（1）由11-=+n n n a a rS ①， 得1211-=+++n n n a a rS ②②－①，得)(211n n n n a a a ra -=+++， ………………………………（2分）因为0>n a ，所以r a a n n =-+2（定值）． ………………………………（4分）（2）当1=n 时，a a =1，故12-=aa ra ，a r a ra a 112+=+=， ……………（1分） 根据（1）知，数列}{n a 的奇数项和偶数项分别成等差数列，公差都是r ，所以， r n a a n )1(12-+=-，nr a a n +=12， …………………………………………（3分） 当0>r 时，}{n a 的奇数项与偶数项都是递增的，不可能是周期数列， …………（4分） 所以0=r ，所以a a n =-12，aa n 12=，所以，数列}{n a 是周期数列，其最小周期为2． ……………………………………………………（6分） （3）因为数列}{n a 是有理项等差数列，由a a =1，r a a +=12，r a a +=3，得 ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=++r a r a a 12，整理得0222=--ra a ， 得4162++=r r a （负根舍去），……………………………………………………（1分） 因为a 是有理数，所以162+r是一个完全平方数，设2216k r =+（*N ∈k ）， 当0=r时，1=a （舍去）． ……………………………………………………（2分） 当0>r 时，由2216k r =+，得16))((=+-r k r k ，由于r ，*N ∈k ，所以只有3=r，5=k 符合要求， …………………………（4分） 此时2=a ，数列}{n a 的公差232==r d ，所以213+=n a n （*N ∈n ）．…………（6分) 对任意*N ∈n ，若132-⋅=n n c 是数列}{n a 中的项，令m n a c =，即213321+=⋅-m n ， 则31341-⋅=-n m ，1=n 时，1=m ，2=n 时，*311N ∉=m ，故2c 不是数列}{n a 中的项． …………………………………………………（8分）。
上海市十四校2017届高三12月联考语文试卷(含解析)
上海市十四校2017届高三12月联考语文试卷考试时间 150分钟满分150分一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成1—6题。
（17分）日常感觉：智慧栖身之地唐韧①人类一切智慧（包括理论）的原初栖身处，正是人类的日常感觉。
//②曾有欧洲某国的一个妈妈把教给她孩子读字母“O”的幼儿园老师告上法庭，罪名是老师剥夺了孩子的想象权——孩子本可以从一个小圆圈想到许多许多，现在只剩了一个字母“O”。
这个母亲告赢了。
③我们的孩子一学话，家长就急急如敕地命他们背唐诗，幼儿园也忙于让他们学写字学英文，为的是叫他们比别人早些钻进知识技能中去，在未来的升学就业竞争中多持一个筹码。
④此举的结果也许是，背熟“春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟”的孩子，对枝头的鸟啼丧失了感觉。
⑤苏格兰哲学学派把“日常感觉”称为“来自日常感觉的正常人类理智哲学”的提法，含义就是日常感觉对人理智的长成，其意义绝不低于书本智慧。
⑥诺贝尔物理奖获得者费曼讲到他自幼所受的教育，说曾有孩子指着一只黑颈鸫，问他这鸟叫什么，他答不上来，那孩子就不以为然地说：“你爸爸怎么什么都没教你呢？”费曼回忆道：其实情况正相反。
我爸是这样教我的——“看见那只鸟儿了吗？”他说，“我可以教你怎么称呼这只鸟，可还是一点儿也不懂得它。
我们还是来仔细瞧瞧它在做什么吧。
”⑦费曼说，我于是很早就学会了“知道一个东西的名字”和“真正懂得一个东西”的区别。
⑧这也正好是会背诵“处处闻啼鸟”和会欣赏、分辨各种鸟啼两种能力的区别。
⑨费曼的父亲比一般家长更洞悉人类理智发育的生态，他更珍惜儿子对生活现象的观察理解力：能积累提取日常感觉的能力是高于万物、唯人才有的生态优势。
“理论之树是灰色的，而生活之树常青”，他聪明地避开高踞灰色树上的虚荣，给儿子预留了充足的理智发育的空间，轻松地指点幼子仰视“正常人类理智哲学”的常青树风景。
将来别的孩子拼尽全力爬到灰色树顶时，费曼却可能从容地攀上了常青树。
//⑩自然，所有的比喻都有缺陷。
【全国区级联考】上海市普陀区2017届高三下学期质量调研(二模)数学试题(解析版)
2016-2017年上海市普陀区高三下学期质量调研（二模）数学一、填空题：共12题1. 计算：.【答案】【解析】由题意，得；故答案为1.2. 函数的定义域为.【答案】【解析】要使有意义，须，即，解得或，即函数的定义域为；故答案为.3. 若，则.【答案】【解析】因为，所以，即，即，解得或，又因为，所以；故答案为3.4. 若复数表示虚数单位)，则.【答案】【解析】因为，所以；故答案为.5. 曲线为参数)的两个顶点之间的距离为.【答案】【解析】因为，则，即曲线的两个顶点为，即两个顶点之间的距离为2；故答案为2.6. 若从一副张的扑克牌中随机抽取张，则在放回抽取的情形下，两张牌都是的概率为.(结果用最简分数表示).【答案】【解析】由题意，得从一副张的扑克牌中随机抽取张，则在放回抽取的情形下，两张牌都是K的概率为；故答案为.7. 若关于的方程在区间上有解，则实数的取值范围是.【答案】【解析】将化成，即，因为，所以，，即；故答案为.8. 若一个圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为,体积为,则此圆锥的高为.【答案】【解析】设圆锥的高为，底面圆的半径为，因为圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为，体积为，所以，解得；故答案为5.9. 若函数)的反函数为，则= .【答案】【解析】令，即，解得或，即或（舍）；故答案为.10. 若三棱锥的所有的顶点都在球的球面上，平面，，，则球的表面积为.【答案】【解析】由题意，得三棱锥是长方体的一部分（如图所示）球是该长方体的外接球，其中，设球的半径为，则，则球O的表面积为；故答案为.11. 设，若不等式对于任意的恒成立，则的取值范围是.【答案】【解析】因为不等式对于任意的恒成立，所以不等式对于任意的恒成立，令，即对于任意的恒成立，因为，所以，则，即，解得或（舍）；故答案为.【方法点晴】本题主要考查三角函数的有界性以及不等式恒成立问题，属于难题．不等式恒成立问题常见方法：①分离参数恒成立(可)或恒成立（即可）；②数形结合(图象在上方即可)；③讨论最值或恒成立；④讨论参数.本题是利用方法③求得的最大值.12. 在△中，、分别是、的中点，是直线上的动点.若△的面积为，则的最小值为.【答案】【解析】因为、分别是、的中点，且是直线上的动点，所以到直线的距离等于到直线的距离的一半，所以，则，所以，则，由余弦定理，得，显然，都为正数，所以，，，令，则，令，则，当时，，当时，，即当时，取得最小值为；故答案为.二、选择题：共4题13. 动点在抛物线上移动，若与点连线的中点为，则动点的轨迹方程为A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】设，因为与点连线的中点为，所以，又因为点在抛物线上移动，所以，即；故选B.14. 若、，则“”是“”成立的A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既非充分也非必要条件【答案】D【解析】因为，所以“”不是“”成立的充分条件，若，则不存在，所以“若,，则”为真命题，即“”不是“”成立的必要条件，所以“”是“”成立的既非充分也非必要条件；故选D.15. 设、是不同的直线，、是不同的平面，下列命题中的真命题为A. 若，则B. 若，则C. 若，则D. 若，则【答案】C【解析】若，则相交或平行，故A错误，若，则相交或平行，故B错误，若，则由面面垂直的判定定理得，故D错误、C正确；故选C.【方法点晴】本题主要考查线面平行的判定与性质、面面垂直的性质及线面垂直的判定，属于难题.空间直线、平面平行或垂直等位置关系命题的真假判断，常采用画图（尤其是画长方体）、现实实物判断法（如墙角、桌面等）、排除筛选法等；另外，若原命题不太容易判断真假，可以考虑它的逆否命题，判断它的逆否命题真假，原命题与逆否命题等价.16. 关于函数的判断，正确的是A. 最小正周期为，值域为，在区间上是单调减函数B. 最小正周期为，值域为，在区间上是单调减函数C. 最小正周期为，值域为，在区间上是单调增函数D. 最小正周期为，值域为，在区间上是单调增函数【答案】C............三、解答题：共5题17. 在正方体中，、分别是、的中点.(1)求证：四边形是菱形；(2)求异面直线与所成角的大小 (结果用反三角函数值表示) .【答案】(1)证明见解析；（2）.【解析】试题分析：（1）建立空间直角坐标系，如图所示：先证其是平行四边形，再根据空间向量模相等说明邻边相等即可；（2）可得，利用空间向量夹角余弦公式可得结果.试题解析：（1）设正方体的棱长为1，建立空间直角坐标系，如图所示：则,,,,所以,即且,故四边形是平行四边形又因为,所以故平行四边形是菱形(2)因为设异面直线与所成的角的大小为所以, 故异面直线与所成的角的大小为.【方法点晴】本题主要考查异面直线所成的角以及空间向量的应用，属于难题.求异面直线所成的角主要方法有两种：一是向量法，根据几何体的特殊性质建立空间直角坐标系后，分别求出两直线的方向向量，再利用空间向量夹角的余弦公式求解；二是传统法，利用平行四边形、三角形中位线等方法找出两直线成的角，再利用平面几何性质求解.18. 已知函数、为常数且).当时，取得最大值.(1)计算的值；(2)设，判断函数的奇偶性，并说明理由.【答案】(1)；（2）偶函数.【解析】试题分析：首先，根据辅助角公式得到，然后根据最值建立等式，得到，再化简函数.（1）将代入解析式求值；（2）求出解析式，利用奇偶函数定义判断奇偶性.试题解析：(1)，其中根据题设条件可得，即化简得，所以即，故所以(2)由(1)可得，，即故所以)对于任意的)即，所以是偶函数.19. 某人上午7时乘船出发，以匀速海里/小时从港前往相距50海里的港，然后乘汽车以匀速千米/小时()自港前往相距千米的市，计划当天下午4到9时到达市.设乘船和汽车的所要的时间分别为、小时，如果所需要的经费(单位：元)(1)试用含有、的代数式表示；(2)要使得所需经费最少，求和的值，并求出此时的费用.【答案】(1)；（2）.【解析】试题分析：（1）分析题意，先用表示，先用表示，代入，化简即可；（2）求出满足的约束条件，由约束条件画出可行域，要求走得最经济，即求可行域中的最优解，将目标函数看成是一条直线，分析目标函数与直线截距的关系，进而求出最优.试题解析：(1)，得，得所以(其中)(2)其中，令目标函数, 可行域的端点分别为则当时，所以(元),此时答：当时，所需要的费用最少，为元.【方法点晴】本题主要考查线性规划的应用及求目标函数的最值，属简单题.求目标函数最值的一般步骤是“一画、二移、三求”：（1）作出可行域（一定要注意是实线还是虚线）；（2）找到目标函数对应的最优解对应点（在可行域内平移变形后的目标函数，最先通过或最后通过的顶点就是最优解）；（3）将最优解坐标代入目标函数求出最值.20. 已知曲线，直线经过点与相交于、两点.(1)若且，求证：必为的焦点；(2)设，若点在上，且的最大值为，求的值；(3)设为坐标原点，若，直线的一个法向量为，求面积的最大值.【答案】(1)证明见解析；（2）或；（3）.【解析】试题分析：（1）利用两点之间距离公式，即可求得的值，由椭圆的方程，即可求得焦点坐标，即可证必为的焦点；（2）利用两点之间距离公式，根据二次函数的单调性，当时，取最大值，代入即可求得的值；（3）求得直线的方程，代入方程，由韦达定理，弦长公式及点到直线的距离公式，利用基本不等式的性质，即可求得面积的最大值.试题解析：(1)，解得，所以点由于，故的焦点为，所以在的焦点上.(2)设，则(其中)对称轴，所以当时，取到最大值，故，即，解得或因为，所以.(3),,将直线方程与椭圆方程联立，消去得，其中恒成立。
专题24 电场中的图像问题-2019高考物理一轮复习专题详解(解析版)
知识回顾1.电场中的图象有E－x，φ－x，v－t，F－x，E P－x等多种，要弄清各类图象的斜率、截距、面积的物理意义．2.规律方法电场中各类图象的比较(1)电场的E－x图象与φ－x图象在给定了电场的E－x图象时，可以由图线确定x轴上各点场强的大小及方向．此外还可以确定x轴上各点的电势变化情况：E－x图线与x轴所围图形的面积表示电势差．在给定了电场的φ－x图象时，除了可以直接确定x轴上各点电势的高低及电势变化情况，还可以确定x轴上各点场强(或沿x轴方向上的场强分量)的大小及方向：图线斜率大小表示场强大小，斜率正负表示场强方向．当E－x图象或φ－x图象与粒子运动相结合时，可利用电场力与场强、加速度的关系及电场力做功与动能、电势能和电势等的关系来解决涉及粒子电性、电场力、电势能、动能、速度、加速度等的相关问题．在这类题目中，还可以把E－x图象或φ－x图象假设为我们熟悉的、符合给定变化规律的某一种电场，利用这种已知电场的电场线分布、等势面分布或场源电荷来处理相关问题．(2)其他图象由于F＝qE、E p＝qφ，故F－x图象、E p－x图象问题处理方法同上，如F－x图线的面积表示电场力所做的功、电势能的变化量．E p－x图线的切线斜率表示电场力等．1．(多选)(2017年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)在一静止点电荷的电场中，任一点的电势φ与该点到点电荷的距离r 的关系如图8－1所示．电场中四个点a、b、c和d的电场强度大小分别为E a、E b、E c和E d.点a到点电荷的距离r a与点a的电势φa已在图中用坐标(r a，φa)标出，其余类推．现将一带正点的试探电荷由a点依次经b、c点移动到d点，在相邻两点间移动的过程中，电场力所做的功分别为W ab、W bc和W cd.下列选项正确的是()A．E a∶E b＝4∶1 B．E c∶E d＝2∶1C．W ab∶W bc＝3∶1 D．W bc∶W cd＝1∶3【答案】：AC例题分析【例1】(多选)(2107年高考·江苏卷)在x轴上有两个点电荷q1、q2，其静电场的电势φ在x轴上分布如图所示．下列说法正确的有()A．q1和q2带有异种电荷B．x1处的电场强度为零C．负电荷从x1移到x2，电势能减小D．负电荷从x1移到x2，受到的电场力增大【答案】AC【解析】φ－x图象的斜率表示电场强度，由图象可知，x2左侧电场强度方向向左，x2右侧电场强度方向向右，x1处电场强度大于零，x2处电场强度等于零，故q1和q2带有异种电荷，A正确，B错误．负电荷从x1处移到x2处，电势升高，电场强度减小，故电势能减小，电场力减小，C正确，D错误．【例2】一带电粒子在电场中仅受静电力作用，做初速度为零的直线运动．取该直线为x轴，起始点O为坐标原点，其电势能E p与位移x的关系如图所示．下列图象中合理的是()【答案】 D专题练习1.一带负电的粒子只在电场力作用下沿x轴正向运动，其电势能E p随位移x变化的关系如图所示，其中0～x2段是关于直线x＝x1对称的曲线，x2～x3段是线段，则下列说法正确的是()A．x1处电场强度最小，但不为零B．粒子在0～x2段做匀变速运动，x2～x3段做匀速直线运动C．在0、x1、x2、x3处电势φ0、φ1、φ2、φ3的关系为φ3>φ2＝φ0>φ1D．x2～x3段的电场强度大小、方向均不变【答案】：D2. (2017年上海七校高三联考)两电荷量分别为q1和q2的点电荷放在x轴上的O、M两点，两电荷连线上各点电势φ随x变化的关系如图所示，其中A、N两点的电势为零，ND段中C点电势最高，则()A．C点的电场强度大小为零B．A点的电场强度大小为零C．N、C间场强方向向x轴正方向D．将一负点电荷从N点移到D点，电场力先做正功后做负功【答案】：AD【解析】：C点是电势的拐点，根据公式φ＝Ex可知，图象的斜率大小是电场强度大小，而C点的斜率为零，故A正确；同理，由题图知A点的电势为零，但该点的斜率不为零，故B错误；OM间电场强度方向沿x 轴正方向，MC间电场强度方向沿x轴负方向，CD间电场强度方向沿x轴正方向，故C错误；因为MC间电场强度方向沿x轴负方向，CD间电场强度方向沿x轴正方向，则将一负点电荷从N点移到D点，电场力先做正功后做负功，故D正确．学科&网3．(2017年河南洛阳模拟)如图甲所示，Q1、Q2是两个固定的点电荷，一带正电的试探电荷仅在电场力作用下以初速度v0沿两点电荷连线的中垂线从a点向上运动，其v－t图象如图8－3－5乙所示，下列说法正确的是()A ．两点电荷一定都带正电，且电荷量一定相等B ．两点电荷一定都带负电，且电荷量一定相等C ．试探电荷一直向上运动，直至运动到无穷远处D ．0～t 2时间内，试探电荷的电势能先增大后减小 【答案】：B4．真空中有一静电场，其在x 轴正半轴的电势随x 变化的关系如图所示，则根据图象可知( )A ．R 处的电场强度E ＝0B ．若试探电荷从x 1处移到x 2处，电场力不一定做正功C ．x 1处与x 2处的电场强度方向相反D ．该电场有可能是处在O 点的正点电荷激发产生的 【答案：】B【解析】：根据E ＝ΔφΔx ，即图线的切线的斜率等于电场强度，由图线可知，在R 处的场强不为零，选项A 错误；从x 1到x 2电势逐渐降低，因不知试探电荷的电性，无法判断电场力做功的情况，选项B 正确；在x 1处与x 2处的切线的斜率符号相同，故电场强度方向相同，选项C 错误；由于在R 点以后的电势为负，故该电场不可能是处在O 点的正点电荷激发产生的，选项D 错误．5．(2017年开封二模)在x 轴上存在与x 轴平行的电场，x 轴上各点的电势随x 点位置变化情况如图所示．图中－x 1～x 1之间为曲线，且关于纵轴对称，其余均为直线，也关于纵轴对称．下列关于该电场的论述正确的是( )A．x轴上各点的场强大小相等B．从－x1到x1场强的大小先减小后增大C．一个带正电的粒子在x1点的电势能大于在－x1点的电势能D．一个带正电的粒子在－x1点的电势能大于在－x2的电势能【答案】：B7.(多选)(2017·江苏)在x轴上有两个点电荷q1、q2，其静电场的电势φ在x轴上分布如图所示．下列说法正确有()A．q1和q2带有异种电荷B．x1处的电场强度为零C．负电荷从x1移到x2，电势能减小D．负电荷从x1移到x2，受到的电场力增大【答案】AC8.(2017·南宁二模)空间存在一沿x轴方向的静电场，电场强度E随x变化的关系如图所示，A、B、C为x 轴上的点，取x轴正方向为电场强度的正方向，则下列说法正确的是()A．AC段中B点的电势最低B．一带负电的粒子从A点运动到B点电势能减小C．U AB＞U BCD．一正电荷仅在电场力作用下从A点运动到C点动能先增大后减小【答案】 C【解析】A项，从A点到C点，电场强度的方向不变，则电势一直降低，故C点电势最低，A项错误；B 项，因为电场方向沿x轴正方向，电场力沿x轴正向，所以带负电粒子电场力做负功，从A点运动到B点电势能增大，故B项错误；C项，AB两点间图像与x轴所夹的面积大于BC两点间图像与x轴所夹的面积，所以U AB＞U BC，故C项正确；D项，正电荷从A点运动到C点电场力做正功，电势能一直减小，D项错误．9.(2017·吉林三模)在真空中的x轴上的原点和x＝6a处分别固定一个点电荷M、N，在x＝2a处由静止释放一个正点电荷P，假设点电荷P只受电场力作用沿x轴方向运动，其速度大小与在x轴上的位置关系如图所示，则下列说法中正确的是()A．点电荷M、N一定都是负电荷B．点电荷P的电势能一定是先增大后减小C．点电荷M、N所带电荷量的绝对值之比为2∶1D．x＝4a处的电场强度一定为零【答案】 D10：真空中相距为3a的两个点电荷M、N分别固定于x轴上x1＝0和x2＝3a的两点上，在它们连线上各点场强随x变化关系如图所示，以下判断中正确的是()A．x＝a点的电势高于x＝2a点的电势B．点电荷M、N所带电荷量的绝对值之比为4∶1C．点电荷M、N一定为异种电荷D．x＝2a处的电势一定为零【答案】：B【解析】：由于不知道M、N的所带电荷的性质，故需要讨论，若都带正电荷，则0～2a场强的方向向右，而沿电场线方向电势降低，故x＝a点的电势高于x＝2a点的电势；若都带负电荷，则0～2a场强的方向向左，故x＝a点的电势低于x＝2a点的电势，故A错误．M在2a处产生的场强E1＝，而N在2a处产生的场强E2＝，由于2a处场强为0，故E1＝E2，所以QM＝4QN，故B正确．由于M、N之间的场强的方向相反，故点电荷M、N一定为同种电荷，故C错误．由于电势是一个相对性的概念，即零电势的选择是任意的，人为的，故x＝2a处的电势可以为零，也可以不为零，故D错误．学科&网11.真空中相距为3L的两个点电荷A、B分别固定于x轴上x1＝0和x2＝3L的两点处，其连线上各点场强随x变化关系如图所示(x正方向为场强的正方向)，以下判断中正确的是()A．点电荷A、B一定为异种电荷B．点电荷A、B所带电荷量的绝对值之比为1∶2C．x＝L处的电势一定为零D．把一个负电荷沿x轴从x＝移至x＝L的过程中，电势能先减小后增大【答案】：D12.(多选)某静电场沿x方向的电势分布如图所示，则()A．粒子经过P点和Q点时，加速度大小相等、方向相反B．粒子经过P点与Q点时，动能相等C．粒子经过P点与Q点时，电场力做功的功率相等D．粒子在P点的电势能为正值【答案】：B13.空间某一静电场的电势φ关于x轴对称分布，如图所示．x轴上A、B两点电场强度在x方向上的分量分别是Exa、Exb，下列说法正确的是()A．因为a点电势比b点电势高，所以Exa大于ExbB．Exa的方向与Exb方向相同，均沿x正方向C．一点电荷在A、B点受到电场力是Fa大于FbD．点电荷沿x轴从a移动到b的过程中，电势能总是先增大后减小【答案】：C【解析】：a点和b点的斜率等于电场强度的大小，可见Exa＞Exb，但不能说是因为a点电势比b点电势高，应该说是因为a点的电势φ的变化率大于b点的电势φ的变化率，所以Exa大于Exb.故A错误；A、B两点电势变化的斜率方向相反，所以Exa的方向与Exb方向相反．故B错误；由A的分析知Exa＞Exb，所以点电荷在A、B点受到电场力是Fa大于Fb.故C正确；点电荷沿x轴从a移动到b的过程中，电势先升高后降低，正电荷的电势能是先增大后减小，负电荷的电势能是先减小后增大．故D错误14.．如图甲所示，两个带正电的小球A、B套在一个倾斜的光滑直杆上，两球均可视为点电荷，其中A球固定，带电量Q A＝2×10－4 C，B球的质量为m＝0.1 kg.以A为坐标原点，沿杆向上建立直线坐标系，A、B 球与地球所组成的系统总势能(重力势能与电势能之和)随位置x的变化规律如图中曲线Ⅰ所示，直线Ⅱ为曲线I的渐近线．图中M点离A点距离为6米．(g取10 m/s2，静电力恒量k＝9.0×109 N·m2/C2.令A处所在平面为重力势能的零势能面，无穷远处为零电势能处)．(1)求杆与水平面的夹角θ；(2)求B球的带电量Q B；(3)求M点电势φM；(4)若B球以E k0＝4 J的初动能从M点开始沿杆向上滑动，求B球运动过程中离A球的最近距离及此时B 球的加速度．【答案】(1)30°(2)1×10－5 C12 (3)3×105 V (4)2 m 40 m/s 2 沿杆向上(3)M 点的电势能E pM ＝E 总－E p ＝6 J －3 J ＝3 J则M 点电势 φM ＝E pM Q B＝3×105 V ； (4)在M 点B 球总势能为6 J ，根据能量守恒定律，当B 的动能为零，总势能为10 J ，由曲线Ⅰ知B 离A 的最近距离为x ＝2 m.k Q A Q B x 2－mg ＝ma 解得a ＝40 m/s 2，方向沿杆向上．。
上海市七校2017届高三下学期3月联考英语试卷 Word版含答案(高中 高三 英语试题)
2017年上海高三七校联考英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When Armida Armato’s daughter , Alexia , came home from school one day last year , keen to go on a school trip to Ecuador , she wasn’t too sure ___21_____to feel . She was happy that her daughter ___22______ experience something she never did as a teen but was fearful of her travel to such a remote part of the world.Alexia was 16 at the time , a student at Westwood High School . The school sponsored a humanitarian trip for 26 students and two teachers _____23_____(spend) 18 days in a mountain village to build a one-room school . Even though Armato trusted her daughter , the other students and the teachers , she was worried about the side effects ____24___ the travel vaccines , possible accidents , and medical care.Now that Alexia was home , Armato said she saw her daughter’s new maturity , greater confidence and independence . “This is the ___25_____(good) thing I ever did ,” Alexia said . “ The experience was so eye- opening and life-changing . You’re with people who are not as lucky as you are . They live in very poor conditions ___26_____ they’re so happy and outgoing . You say , ‘My god , I’m taking ___27_____ for granted back home.”She said they built a one-room school from scratch with no mechanical cement mixers . They used their hands , shovels and basic tools . She and another student lived with a local family in a small village about eight hours outside the capital , Quito . Despite the initial strangeness and ___28____(know ) only basic Spanish , she said they grew very close and felt like a family.Every year , groups of students at Montreal High School like Alexia pack their bags and fly off with classmates and teachers to developing countries ____29___ they volunteer for a variety of projects.“Armato’s worries are very common among parents,” says Bill Neivn ,a teacher at St.George ‘s high School . He organizes a humanitarian trip to India to the Sheela Bal Bhavan orphanage and says the three biggest fears families have ____30______ (be) health , security and contact.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. apparentlyB. surprisinglyC. spiritualityD. triedE.poetry F. statement G. physical H. released I. lasting j. recorded K. instrumentsWhen US musician Bob Dylan was announced as the winner of this year ‘s Nob el Prize for literature last month , many people took to social media to suggest that Leonard Cohen was the only other living songwriter who deserved the honor.Sadly , on Nov 7 , the deep-voiced Canadian artist died at the age of 82.Many tributes ( 称赞) were written for Cohen , who had just ____31____ his 14th album , You Want It Darker , on Oct 21. “ Leonard Cohen is as important today as he was in the 1960s ,” Canada ‘s Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said in a ____32____ . “ His ability to describe h uman emotion made him one of the most influential and _____33____musicians ever.”Cohen’s most famous song , Hallenlujah , in which he compared ___34_____ love to a need for spiritual connection , has been ____35____ hundreds of times by different musicians since it was first released in 1984.And Cohen’s song Bird on a Wire (1969) could be considered a perfect epitaph (墓志铭) that he wrote for himself. As the song’s first line goes , “ Like a bird on a wire , like a drunk in midmight choir , I have ___36_____in my way to be free .”“ Cohen writes words that explain what it means to be human . I ‘ve read___37_____that has as much beauty as Cohen’s work , but in the world of music , Cohen is a rarity ,” US singer Jennifer Warnes told the Ausin American-Statesman newspaper . ‘ He describes things that go on inside a heart and what it feels like to be here.”Along with his ____38___，Cohen’s dry , deep voice also helped his popularity . In 2006 he spoke with the NPR radio station about how he got his interesting voice ----____39____it was “500 tons of whiskey and a million cigarettes.”But he never forgot to work on the _____40_____that made up his songs , even though he was most famous for his lyrics and voice.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.We all have our ways of marking time. As a photographer, my lifeis_____41_____ from one story to the next. My oldest son was born in the middle of a long story about the Endangered Species Act. My daughter came along with a_____42____ of gray wolves.Twenty stories later, though, it’s the story in Alaska that I’ll remember best. It was the story about the loss of wilderness — and the story ____43_____ which my wife Kathy got cancer. That’s the one that made time stand still.Kathy and I met at a blues bar in college . She had long blond hair and thought I was funny . Beautiful , graceful and patient , she has remained my muse( 文艺女神) for 24years , ____44___the thousands of times I’ve forced her to be photographed , she may have gotten tired of it now and then. I supposed ____45___ pictures on the day when she found that tumor(肿瘤) in her ri ght breast . It was the size of a hen’s egg. Cruelly , it was Thanksgiving . By Christmas , the chemo-therapy____46_____her weak and lying in bed . Some days she was so ___47____ she couldn’t watch TV. One day she couldn’t even walk.Early detection saves lives . But ours was not early . By the time you can____48__ it yourself , it’s often bigger than the doctor want it to be.Cancer is a thief. It steals time. Our days are already short with worry. Then comes this terrible disease, unfair as ___49______ at harvest time. But cancer also has the power to change us, for good. We learn to simplify, ____50_____ what we have instead of feeling sorry for what we don’t. Cancer even made me a better father. My work had made me a ____51_____ to my three kids. But now I pay attention to what really __52_______. This is not a race. This is a new way of life and new way of seeing, all from the cancer.In the end each of us has so little time. We have less of it than we can possibly imagine. And even though it____53_____ that Kathy’s cancer has not spread, and her prognosis (诊断) is good. We try to make it all count now, enjoying every part of every day.I’ve ____54_____ my camera again. I watch the sky, searching for beautiful light. When winter storms come, Kathy and I ____55_____ our children and take the time to catch snowflakes (雪花) on our tongues. After all, this is good. This is what we’re living for.41. A . repeated B. transferred C. conveyed D. measured42. A. pack B. series C. bunch D. portion43.A. with B. at C. during D. for44.A. despite B. beyond C. until D. upon45.A. making B. taking C. drawing D. painting46.A. held B. witnessed C. found D. had47. A. angry B. sick C. sad D. dull48.A. feel B. see C. seize D. record49.A. uneasy B. unfit C. unfair D. unusual50.A. assessing B. approaching C. approving D. appreciating51.A. guest B. guide C. stranger D. supervisor52.A. implies B. matters C. means D. works53. A. shows off B. turns up C. ends up D. turns out54. A. picked up B. picked out C. looked up D. looked for55. A. searched B. gathered C. looked D. sawSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As a teenage rock fan, all Dennis Vorreyer really expected of the Lollapalooza music festival in Chicago two weekends ago was the chance to see his favorite bands perform live.But he and his father, Jeffrey, who accompanied him to the festival, signed up for Lollapalooza's text-message network, and thus learned about a guitar-playing contest taking place there. Dennis, 14, entered and won a new Gibson guitar. Tad Kubler, the lead guitarist for the Hold Steady, who was involved in the contest, then invited Dennis to perform with the band as it closed its set.''Having your cellphone everywhere is important for everybody now,'' Dennis said. ''I never dreamed of playing Lollapalooza.'' The modern mobile phone -- equipped with camera, Internet access and more -- has proved to be a liability for some performers, like Akon and Beyonc? whose regrettable moments were captured by fans and then immortalized on YouTube and similar sites. But for the fans themselves, mobile phones are becoming as important an accessory as an all-access wristband. Beyond using them to record a short souvenir, they are becoming a ticket to everything from free ringtones to V.I.P. treatment.On Gwen Stefani's recent tour, as many as 20 percent of the audience at some shows agreed to pay 99 cents for text messages and the chance to win better seats, according to the mobile marketing company Impact Mobile. At festivals like Lollapalooza, thousands of fans sign up to receive continuous updates from concert organizers about promotions and special events.Even when there is no fee, the service comes at a price: fans must give their phone numbers to marketers. And purists -- and some artists -- disapprove of fans pecking out text messages or snapping pictures during performances. Still, the arrival of a new generation of phone-based activities could add a new twist to live events at a time when rising ticket prices have discouraged many concertgoers.56. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The Lollapalooza music festivalB. How to use your mobile phones correctlyC. How to send and receive text message by mobile phones.D. Mobile phones are very important for fans to get information57. How did Dennis get the information about the guitar –playing contest?A. His father Jeffrey told him about itB. The lead guitarist , Tad Kubler , told him about itC. The Lollapalooza’s text-message network told him about it.D. He got the information from the local TV station58. Why did some audience agree to pay money for the text message ?A. Because they wanted to get better tickets for the concert.B. Because they wanted to get the free tickets for the concert.C. Because Gwen Stefani asked them to do so.D.59. The author seems to believe that ____________A. Dennis V orreyer was fortunate to perform with the guitar band.B. phone –based activities will become a turning point for the live events.C. today cell phone is important and indispensable for everybody.D. fans shouldn’t peck out text message or snap pictures during performances.(B)Good news for moviegoers ! The coming 2017 has many wonderful blockbusters in stock. And here are some of my recommendationsJustice LeagueFueled by his restored faith in humanity and inspired by Superman’s selfless act , Bruce Wanyne , Batman , enlists the help of his newfound ally Diana Prince to face an even greater enemy . He and Wonder Woman work quickly to find and recruit a teamof superheroes to stand against this newly awakened threat. But despite the formation of this unprecedented league of heroes ,it may already be too late to prevent heart-breaking disasters from happeningProduction Co: DC Comics 【U.S】JackieJackie is a painful and intimate portrait of one of the most important and tragic moments in American history , seen through the eyes of the iconic . First Lady , Jacquelin Bouvier Kennedy ( Natalie Portman) . Jackie places us in her world during the days immediate ly following her husband’s assassination. Known for her extraordinary dignity and calm , here we see a psychological portrait of the First Lady as she struggles to pull herself together and maintain her husband’s legacy .Production Co：Wild Bunch.[ U. S.]Midnight SunBased on the Japanese film released in 2006,Midnight Sun focuses on Katie , a 17-year-old sheltered since childhood and confined to her house during the day by a rare disease that makes even the smallest amount of sunlight deadly . But fate intervenes when she meets Charlie , and they embark on a summer romance with joy and sorrow. Besides the moving story , the original music will bring down the house owing to the haunting melody and beautiful lyrics.Production Co: Boies/ Schiller Film Group [ U.S.]ItIn the Town of Derry , the local kids are disappearing one by one , leaving behind torn body remains . In a place known as “ The Barrens”, seven children known as “ The Losers Club” come face to face with life problems , bullies and a monster thattakes the shape of a clown called Pennywise and to stay alive long enough to end his tyranny but to also realize what brought them together in the first placeProduction Co: KatzSmith Productions [U.S.]60. Which one of the following is Not the similarity of the first three movies?A. They each have a leading female character .B. They all contain some touching scenesC. They all have victims killed in the events .D. They are produced by American films61. Which of the following is wrong based on the information given?A. Batman was once disappointed about the human race.B. Jackie has a nervous breakdown after her husband’s death.C. The movie Midnight Sun is an adaptation of Japanese film.D Pennywise was a cold-hearted murderer disguised as a clown.62. The underlined phrase “ bring down the house” means ___________A. command the enthusiastic approvalB. pull the house down to the groundC. be doomed to a catastrophic failureD. bargain over the price of the house.(C)What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there are no quick or easy answers. There is work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it —they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are “structural,” and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand —full stop. Saying that there are no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act.In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions.The fact is that Job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5 percent. So all the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployme nt. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment —in part because pundits and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared on e 1935 analysis, because the work force is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs —and sud denly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been proliferating: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there is no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse —a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.63. What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A. Corporate mismanagementB. Workers’ slow adaptationC. Technological advanceD. Insufficient demand64. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A. The wise heads’ benefit package.B. Nationwide training of workersC. The booming defense industryD. Through restructuring of industries.65. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A. Very Serious People ‘s attempt to cripple the economyB. Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.C. Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D. Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.66. What is the aut hor’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To testify the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.B. To show the urgent need for the government to take action.C. To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemploymentD. To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptationSection CDirections: complete the following passage by using the sentenced given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Another function of scannable chips in clothing could be the ability to find out more information about the product,B. High-tech clothes will be a bestseller of IT times.C. Through smart connected devices in our homes, our shopping needs will be anticipated and taken care of.E. But what if it could soon be our clothing itself that has internet connect ability?F. it isn't just a dream - internet-connected clothes are already being made but are yet to go mainstream.Wearable technology is nothing new - activity trackers and smart watches are now as ubiquitous as trainers and glasses. _______67________ In the not too distant future, it's highly likely that our clothes will be almost as smart as our phones.Given we’ve survived just fine for millennia with the clothes we have now , you might wondering what the point of connected clothing would be. Well, imagine if when you put a jacket in the washing machine, a chip in the jacket automatically puts the machine on the right laundry setting, making life just that little bit easier. ____________68_____________For instance, how it was designed, its sustainability and even a playlist made by the brand.Whilst none of these functions are things we need, the hope is that they'll enhance our clothing and the experience that goes with wearing it. _______69_______One company leading the way is clothing care label manufacturer Avery Dennison, who have teamed up with fashion label Rochambeau and Everything to create a bomber jacket with a personalized QR code. The code in the chip then gives the wearer a number of perks such as entry to exclusive clubs, special menus at certain restaurants and a ticket to Rochambeau's next runway show.But internet-connected clothing isn't the only way fashion is combining with technology - programmatic commerce, a concept developed by global ecommerce consultancy Salmon, is set to change the way we buy clothes._________70________ For example, before you've even realised you've run out of tights, your favorite onlineretailer has automatically re-ordered some new ones for you based on your repurchasing patterns and an estimation of the average life cycle of your tights.So with connected clothing and homes, it may soon be that when it comes to fashion, we barely have to think about anything at all.II. Summary Writing (10’)Direction: Read the passage carefully. Then write an English summary in about 60 words in your own words according to the passage given below.Job seekers should know the rules of labor market before they try to find a proper job. Most career organizations highlight three stages for graduates to follow the process of securing a suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available jobs and presenting them well to possible employers.Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their abilities. One area of assessment should be of their academic qualifications, which include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own values and attitudes. An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills, or skills acquired from work experience, should also be given careful thought.The second stage is to study the opportunities which are available for employment. To do this, graduates can study job and position information in newspapers, or they can pay a visit to a careers office, write to friends or relatives who may already be involved in a particular profession. After studying all the various options, they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.Good personal personal is essential in the search for a good career. Job application forms should be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar or spelling errors. They should also prepare properly by finding out all they can about the possible employer. When additional information is asked for, job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth, as well as balance their own abilities with the employer’s needs, explain why they are interested in a career with the particular company and try to show that they already know something about the company and its activities. Interviewees should try to give positive answers and not be afraid of asking questions about anything they are unsure about.I. Translation (15’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.71. 在这所上海市重点中学里，学生们一天24小时都可以吃到热饭热菜。
2017年度高三第一次七校联考试卷(英语学科)
2017届高三第一次七校联考试卷（英语学科）第I卷（共90分）I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations an d the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. This afternoon. B. This morning. C. T omorrow. D. Nextweek.2. A. A waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A cashier. D. A postman.3. A. 11. B. 3. C. 7. D. 8.4. A. At a cinema. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. D. At a railwaystation.5. A. They had better not go out. B. To get some yogurt is a goodidea.C. It’s too cold to walk in the snow.D. He prefers milk to yogurt.6. A. She asks the man to open the window. B. It is cold inside.C. She doesn’t want to open the window.D. She prefers the fresh air.7. A. Mom doesn’t like wine. B. They’ve already got plenty ofwine.C. They are going to buy what they need.D. They’ve got enough food forthe party.8. A. The boy doesn’t have to clean the screen of his computer.B. There’s not enough time for the boy to clean both.C. The desk is such a mess and needs cleaning.D. The boy’s mother will do the cleaning for him.9. A. T ouched. B. Amused. C. Annoyed. D. Bored.10.A. They can’t speak English. B. The microphone doesn’t workwell.C. They are not familiar with his topic.D. The speaker is speaking toofast.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. In the 1690s. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1890s. D. In the 1960s.12.A. T o be paid more than their male colleagues.B. To be given the same chance to succeed.C. T o win respect from their male colleagues.D. T o get promoted more quickly than their male colleagues.13.A. Women’s ability to do important jobs.B. How to have more freedom.C. Concrete issues as well as attitudes and beliefs.D. How to contribute to the communities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. T o recall his own childhood.B. To help his children become more mature.C. T o spoil them on purpose.D. T o make up for his pity that he didn’t have it in his childhood.15.A. They take possessions and support from their peers for granted.B. They are responsible for building the life that their parents desire.C. They are willing to support their peers if necessary.D. They become more mature and responsible.16.A. T o love and provide for children.B. To help children become kind and responsible.C. T o help children get what they need.D. T o help children meet their goals.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation, and you will beasked several questions on the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the test answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. He is confirming his flight reservation.B. He is booking a hotel for next week.C. He is making a reservation for a flight.D. He is changing his flight schedule.18.A. T o cut losses. B. To save money.C. T o have a window seatD. T o have the ticket mailed.19.A. On May 19th. B. On May 15th. C. On May 20th. D. On May 21st.20.A. He saved about fifty dollars on the ticket.B. He will pick up the ticket by himself.C. He can get the ticket at three o’clock.D. His seat is by the window.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use oneword that best fits each blank.Apple Pay is simple to use and works with the card you already have on the devices (21) __________ you use every day. And because your card details are never shared when you use Apple Pay—in fact, they aren’t stored on your device at all —using Apple Pay on your i-Phone, Apple Watch, or iPad is the safer and (22) __________ (private) way to pay.Now paying in stores happens in one natural motion—there’s no need to open an app or even wake up your display (23) ________ ________ the innovative Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna(天线) in iPhone 6 and iPhone 6s. To pay, just hold your iPhone near the contactless reader with your finger on Touch ID. Or you (24) __________ double-click the Home button when your iPhone is locked to access Wallet and quickly make your purchases. Your card number is never stored on your device, and when you make a payment, your debit or credit card numbers won’t be sent to the merchant. Apple Pay assigns (25) __________ unique number for each purchase, so your payments stay private and secure.Available since October 20, 2014, Apple Pay is designed to allow iPhone 6, 6s, 6 Plus and 6s Plus users in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and China (26) __________(make) payments for goods and services with their iPhones in retail stores through an NFC chip (27) __________ (build) into their iPhones. With the Apple Watch, Apple Pay is also extended to the iPhone 5, iPhone 5c, and iPhone 5s.To keep transactions secure, Apple uses a method known as “tokenization,”(28) __________ (prevent) actual credit card numbers from being sent over the air. Apple also secures payments using Touch ID on compatible iPhones and continual skin contact on the Apple Watch.Apple is aiming to replace the wallet with Apply Pay, and the one-step payment process helps people no longer dig through a purse or wallet to find credit cards. As it is built on existing NFC technology, Apple Pay will work (29) __________ NFC-based contactless payments (30) __________ (accept).Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The 88th Academy Awards once again ___31___ people around the world, including the Chinese, who were excited about Leonardo DiCaprio’s winning the Best Actor award.But the annual ceremony also put Chinese filmmakers in an awkward position, as no Chinese films have ever ___32___ a golden trophy. The hard truth leaves people wondering when the nation, which is already the world’s second largest film market, will earn a place in the renowned award ceremony’s spotlight.The circumstance for domestic artists is similar to that of Chinese writers and scientists before Mo Yan and Tu Youyou won a Nobel Prize in 2012 and 2015 ___33___.Just as Chinese people become accustomed to seeing their fellow citizens taking home Nobel Prizes, it is time for them to see that winning an Oscar is also ___34___.As the Chinese film market continues to grow at ___35___ speed—statistics showed that Chinese cinemas took a record 6.87 billion yuan in ticket sales in February 2016, with the monthly box office overtaking that of North America for the first time—it also attracts ___36___ capital from home and abroad, which will most likely tempt more talent into film. This will help boost creativity and quality, two major weak spots of the majority of homegrown movies.In addition, there has been a growing awareness of how much of Chinese culture has yet to be tapped. Chinese culture has already provided a rich source of ___37___ for Hollywood productions. The Kung Fu Panda films are outstanding examples; the original and its first sequel are among the highest-grossing animated films ever. It is commonly believed that China doesn’t lack sources of inspiration. As long as Chinese filmmakers, armed with latest filmmaking technologies, improve their storytelling skill, they could see their ___38___ released.Also worth noting is that China now has a ___39___ younger generation of filmmakers. With more professional and international training compared with their predecessors, they are better equipped to make breakthroughs.No one can predict when ___40___ a homegrown film may stun the world, but there is good reason to be optimistic. Patience is gold for domestic filmmakers.III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Is Email Stressing You Out?Few people would disagree that email makes our lives easier. But ___41___ email can cause problems. Answering all those emails and processing all that information can ___42___ the brain, causing stress.So says the Future Work Centre, a business based in London. This company carries out ___43___ research on people's experiences in their workplaces.Dr. Richard MacKinnon at the center was the lead author of a report on messaging habits. He calls email a double-edged sword: Emails provide a useful way to communicate, but they could add to ___44___ in the mind, causing stress.Come rain or shine, some office workers are under pressure to read and answer emails all day long. Psychologists are concerned about the pressure that workers bring on themselves.Dr. Richard MacKinnon says that ___45___ email can be a valuable, time-saving communication tool, it can also be a source of stress and even ___46___ for many ofus. He adds that the stress ___47___ come from the number of emails you get but result from when and how you deal with them.According to the study, leaving email on all day and never signing off, ___48___ reading and answering emails early in the day and late at night, are what makes email ___49___.Dr. MacKinnon says both bad email habits are ___50___ to higher levels of stress in office workers. The report gives several suggestions on ___51___ email stress.※Use email with a plan. Do not just react to endless email ___52___. If you use an email application, or app, on your device, close it down when you want to be left alone.※If you need to communicate with a co-worker, call or better still walk to their office and talk about it.※Be careful with the "reply all" option. ___53___, if you are accepting an invitation to attend training, just write back to those who need to know. Trust me. Other workers on that mailing list will thank you instead of being angry with you.※And accept the fact that if a matter is ___54___ employers will call you about it.Email is certainly not going anywhere. So, it is important to take ___55___ of your emails and not the other way around.41.A. cancelling B. misunderstanding C. misusing D. reusing42.A. overload B. overlook C. relax D. slower43.A. psychological B. physical C. practical D. logical44.A. imagination B. confusion C. tension D.hesitation45.A. if B. while C. since D. because46.A. disease B. anger C. sadness D. tiredness47.A. almost B. partly C. hardly D.absolutely48.A. apart from B. instead of C. other than D.along with49.A. stressful B. painful C. forgetful D. helpful50.A. compared B. linked C. opposed D.added51.A. building B. protecting C. changing D. avoiding52.A. information B. addresses C. alerts D. tips53.A. However B. For example C. In fact D.Therefore54.A. urgent B. interesting C. attractive D.significant55.A. notice B. care C. control D.placeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British school children, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.56.The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves__________.A.the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB.the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC.the general existence of the sense of curiosityD.the fine taste of moviegoers around the world57.What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A.People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B.The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.C.The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a mall and lively pond.D.Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.58.If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will_________.A.fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB.be confused by the world of make-believeC.miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD.be trapped by other worlds existing all around us59.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B.To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.C.To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.D.To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe(B)Cagan Sekercioglu is an ornithologist(鸟类学家) who works to document and prevent bird extinction. He’s also a professor in the U.S. who runs an award-winning conservation(保护) group in his native Turkey. All those pursuits require flexibility --- and each involves big risks.Why do you do what you do? Who inspired you?I’ve always been drawn to nature. When other kids were playing soccer, I was bringing home insects and other animals. My mom took me to a child psychologist! But my beloved dad is my biggest inspiration. During tough economic times he left a safe accounting job to start Turkey’s first model-airplane company. It lasted 30 years.What are the physical dangers of your work?A whole range of dangers. While surveying birds I’ve been attacked by a brown bear in Alaska and an elephant in Tanzania. I’ve been faced with a poisonous snakein Uganda. I’ve been caught between the military and terrorists, mistaken for a spy, held at gunpoint, kidnapped in Ethiopia, and attacked by a masked man in Costa Rica. Honestly, I’m often more afraid of people and traffic than I am of wildlife.Is it politically difficult to be an environmentalist in Turkey?It is when I criticize the institutions that grant my research permits. But it’s my duty as a scientist to tell the truth. The government talks about conservation, but its priority is to turn nature into cash. So it uses double standards. They are reforesting while cutting down old-growth forests. Actually every river is dammed, and the organization building those dams is responsible for regulating them. I’m trying to stop one that will destroy the Aras River wetlands, where half of Turkey’s bird species live. Yet if I speak out too much, I’ll be punished for a seemingly official, legal reason. Revenge in Turkey is usually indirect.You spend many hours on advocating conservation. Does that hurt your academic career?Some academics see it as a distraction. So far my school, the University of Utah, has been very understanding and appreciative. But I have to walk a fine line.Do you ever feel scared by all the risks you face?Well, I don’t actively seek risk. But I don’t avoid it either. T aking a risk means you can fail. But if you fail, at least you tried. And that’s all I can do. If I fail in the end, I fail fighting.60.The interviewee’s father inspired him to _________.A.take risksB. pursue his own goalsC. love natureD. develop his unique character61.Which of the following experiences has the interviewee NOT encountered?A.Being suspected of collecting secret information.B.Being chased by wild beasts.C.Being punished for a legal reason.D.Being pointed at by a gun.62.By saying “I have to walk a fine line,”the interviewee means that _________.A.he should make a balance between the Turkish government and theUniversity of UtahB.he should spend more time on research work than on advocacy.C.he should cope with the difficult situation with care.D.he should not do anything against the law.(C)The definition of the standard kilogram is fundamentally imperfect. Getting the definition right is a challenge that has tried the patience and intelligence of scientists for decades.Scientists use just seven basic units to define all the other quantities we use --- quantities such as speed, density, or electric power. All of those basic units except the kilogram are themselves defined in terms of natural properties that are beyondhuman control.For example, the standard second (time) is defined as a specific number of vibration(震动) of a type of radiation released by atoms of a special metal. The standard meter (length), in turn, is defined as the length of the path light travels in a vacuum(真空) during a specific fraction of a second(瞬间).Not so the kilogram. This orphan of the basic unit family is simply the mass of a small platinum-iridium alloy cylinder (铂-铱合金筒) locked away by the international Bureau of Weighs & Measures in France.Embarrassingly, the last time the copies were brought for a checkup in the 1980s, officials found that some copies had gained about 20 parts per billion in weight compared to the master cylinder since the previous checkup in the 1940s. This implies that the master cylinder itself may be an inconstant standard.No one knows what causes the weight changes. But the uncertainty can’t be tolerated when precision(精密度) in research and some manufacturing now demands accuracy to a few parts per billion.Several efforts in several different countries are under way to redefine the kilogram in terms of basic physical quantities such as counting the actual number of atoms of a specific substance in a kilogram or the electromagnetic force that balances a kilogram mass against gravity.A project of the latter type at the NIST laboratories in Gaithersburg hopes eventually to define mass in terms of electrical units. So far, none of these redefinition projects has borne fruit. They require precision of measurement andcontrol of experimental conditions. The slightest pollution, tiny vibrations, or other influences --- even changes in weather --- can ruin results. You’ve got to hand it to scientists who are willing to devote many years to such painstaking but fundamentally important research.63.Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence “Not so the kilogram.”In paragraph 4?A.The kilogram is not as accurate as the standard second.B.The kilogram is not universally accepted in the world.C.The kilogram is not defined in terms of natural properties.D.The kilogram is not well defined as time and length.64.Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?A.Experiments are being carried out to redefine the kilogram.B.The uncertainty in the standard kilogram can seriously affect some research.C.The redefinition of the standard kilogram is quite complicated.D.Scientists will achieve success in redefining the kilogram in the near future.65.According to the passage, to define the weight of mass in terms of electricalunits _______.A.is one of the best methods to redefine the kilogramB.has been accepted as the only possible redefinition projectC.is not as simple as what people can understandD.has been considered by some scientists as a better approach66.We can know from the passage that the redefinition of the kilogram is _________.A.more important in keeping market honestyB.worth years of scientists’painstaking researchC.the urgent requirement of business and manufacturingD.bring about important and fruitful resultsSection CDirections: complete the following passage by using the sentenced given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there. Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot --- especially without realizing it --- emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings.___67___ One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings．Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored．But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast．Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce．___68___Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done．___69___ It’s not easy to “unlearn”patterns of emotional eating．But it is possible．And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.We’re all emotional eaters to a degree．But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems．The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain．___70___ That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.第Ⅱ卷（共50分）I. Translation (15’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.科学的迅猛发展使我们居住的星球变小了。
上海市十二校2017届高三上学期12月联考数学试题(学生版)
上海十二校联考高三数学试卷一. 填空题1.已知集合{}1,2,4A =，{},4B a =，若{}1,2,3,4A B ⋃=，则A B ⋂= ．2.已知函数()sin 5f x kx π⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是3π，则正数k 的值为_______________. 3.复数(0)12ai z a i=<+，其中i 为虚数单位，z ＝5，则a 的值为 ． 4.已知向量(1,2)a =r ，(,2)b x =-r ，且a b ⊥r r ，则实数x =________.5.已知等差数列{}n a 中，4610a a +=，若前5项的和55S =，则其公差为______________.6.已知(1,1)A ､()1,3B ､(3,5)C ，则AB u u u r 在AC u u u r 方向上的投影是________.7.已知函数212,0(),0x x f x x x -⎧+≥=⎨<⎩的反函数为1()f x -，则1(18)f -=________. 8.已知点(1,0)A ､(1,1)B ，若直线1y kx =+与线段AB 有公共点，则实数k的取值范围是________.9.已知函数22y x x a =-+的定义域为R ，值域为[0,)+∞，则实数a 的取值集合为____.10.已知函数23()log log 2f x a x b x =-+，若1()42016f =，则(2016)f =________. 11.命题A ：|x －1|＜3，命题B ：(x ＋2)(x ＋a)＜0；若A 是B 的充分而不必要条件，则实数a 的取值范围是 .12.如图，直线OA ､AB 与x 轴正方向的夹角分别为θ和30︒，||||2OA AB ==u u u r u u u r ， (0,)2πθ∈，则AB u u u r 的坐标是________.13.如果函数()sin()(0)4f x x πωπω=->在区间(1,0)-上有且仅有一条平行于y 轴的对称轴，则ω的取值范围是 ． 14.在如图的表格中，每格填上一个数字后，使每一横行成等差数列，每一纵行成等比数列，所有公比相等，则a b c ++值为 a二. 选择题15.若复数z 满足方程220z +=，则3z =（ ）A. ±B. -C. -D. ±16.“260x x --≠”是“3x ≠”的（ ）A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充要条件D. 即非充分也非必要条件17.已知数列{}n a 是无穷等差数列，n S 是它的前n 项和，且lim n n S →∞存在，这样的等差数列（ ） A. 不存在 B. 有且仅有一个 C. 存在且不唯一 D. 有无穷多个18.若点00(,)P x y 00(0)x y ≠在函数()y f x =的图像上，1()y f x -=为函数()y f x =的反函数，设100(,)P y x 、200(,)P y x -、300(,)P y x -、400(,)P y x --，则有（ ）A. 点1234,,,P P P P 有可能都在函数1()y fx -=的图像上 B. 只有点2P 不可能在函数1()y fx -=的图像上 C. 只有点3P 不可能在函数1()y f x -=的图像上D. 点23,P P 都不可能在函数1()y f x -=的图像上 三. 解答题19.设1z 是虚数，2111z z z =+是实数，且211z -≤≤． （1）求|z 1|的值以及z 1的实部的取值范围．（2）若1111z z ω-=+，求证：ω为纯虚数．20.已知向量13(,)22a =-r ，(2cos ,2sin )b θθ=r ，0θπ<<； （1）若a r ∥b r，求角θ的大小； （2）若||||a b b +=r r r ，求sin θ的值；21.如图，某生态园将一三角形地块ABC 的一角APQ 开辟为水果园种植桃树，已知角A 为120,,AB AC ︒的长度均大于200米，现在边界AP ，AQ 处建围墙，在PQ 处围竹篱笆.（1）若围墙AP,AQ 总长度为200米，如何围可使得三角形地块APQ 的面积最大？（2）已知AP 段围墙高1米，AQ 段围墙高1.5米，造价均为每平方米100元.若围围墙用了20000元，问如何围可使竹篱笆用料最省？22.已知椭圆2219x y +=； （1）若该椭圆的焦点为1F ､2F ，点P 是该椭圆上一点，且12F PF ∠为直角，求点P 坐标；（2）若椭圆方程2219x y +=同时满足条件0xy <，则由此能否确定y 关于x 的函数关系式?若能，请写出()y f x =的解析式，并写出该函数的定义域､值域､奇偶性､单调性，只需写出结论；若不能，请写出理由.23.已知{}n a ，{}n b ，{}n c 都是各项不为零的数列，且满足1122n n n n a b a b a b c S +++=L ，n N *∈，其中n S 是数列{}n a 的前n 项和，{}n c 是公差为(0)d d ≠的等差数列．（1）若数列{}n a 是常数列，2d =，23c =，求数列{}n b 通项公式；（2）若n a n λ=（λ是不为零的常数），求证：数列{}n b 是等差数列；（3）若11a c d k ===（k 为常数，k N *∈），n n k b c +=(2,)n n N *≥∈，求证：对任意的2,n n N *≥∈，数列n n b a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭单调递减．。