网页设计与制作外文翻译文献
网站设计与实现中英文对照外文翻译文献
网站设计与实现中英文对照外文翻译文献中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)H O L I S T I C W E B B R O W S I N G:T R E N D S O F T H E F U T U R EThe future of the Web is everywhere. The future of the Web is not at your desk. It’s not necessarily in your pocket, either. It’s everywhere. With each new technological innovation, we continue to become more and more immersed in the Web, connecting the ever-growing layer of information in the virtual world to the real one around us. But rather than get starry-eyed with utopian wonder about this bright future ahead, we should soberly anticipate the massive amount of planning and design work it will require of designers, developers and others.The gap between technological innovation and its integration in our daily lives is shrinking at a rate much faster than we can keep pace with—consider the number of unique Web applications you signed up for in the past year alone. T his has resulted in a very fragmented experience of the Web. While running several different browsers, with all sorts of plug-ins, you might also be running multiple standalone applications to manage feeds, social media accounts and music playlists.Even though we may be adept at switching from one tab or window to another, we should be working towards a more holistic Web experience, one that seamlessly integrates all of the functionality we need in the simplest and most contextual way. With this in mind, l et’s review four trends that designers and developers would be wise to observe and integrate into their work so as to pave the way for a more holistic Web browsingexperience:1.The browser as operating system,2.Functionally-limited mobile applications,3.Web-enhanced devices,4.Personalization.1. The Browser As Operating SystemThanks to the massive growth of Web productivity applications, creative tools and entertainment options, we are spending more time in the browser than ever before. The more time we spend there, the less we make use of the many tools in the larger operating system that actually runs the browser. As a result, we’re beginning to expect the same high level of reliability and sophistication in our Web experience that we get from our operating system.For the most part, our expectations have been met by such innovations as Google’s Gmail, Talk, Calendar and Docs applications, which all offer varying degrees of integration with one another, and online image editing tools like Picnik and Adobe’s on line version of Photoshop. And those expec tations will continue to be met by upcoming releases, such as the Chrome operating system—we’re already thinking of our browsers as operating systems. Doing everything on the Web was once a pipe dream, but now it’s a reality.U B I Q U I T YThe one limitation of Web browsers that becomes more and more obvious as we make greater use of applications in the cloud is the lack of usable connections between open tabs. Most users have grown accustomed to keeping many tabs open, switching back and forth rapidly between Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Docs and various social media tools. But this switching from tabto tab is indicative of broken connections between applications that really ought to be integrated.Mozilla is attempting to functionally connect tools that we use in the browser in a more intuitive and rich way with Ubiquity. While it’s definitely a step in the right direction, the command-line approach may be a barrier to entry for thoseunable to let go of the mouse. In the screenshot below, you can see how Ubiquity allows you to quickly map a location shown on a Web page without having to open Google Maps in another tab. This is one example of integrated functionality without which you would be required to copy and paste text from one tab to another. Ubi quity’s core capability, which is creating a holistic browsing experience by understanding basic commands and executing them using appropriate Web applications, is certainly the direction in which the browser is heading.This approach, wedded to voice-recognition software, may be how we all navigate the Web in the next decade, or sooner: hands-free.T R A C E M O N K E Y A N D O G GMeanwhile, smaller, quieter releases have been paving the way to holistic browsing. This past summer, Firefox released an update to its software that includes a brand new JavaScript engine called TraceMonkey. This engine delivers a significant boost in speed and image-editing functionality, as well as the ability to play videos without third-party software or codecs.Aside from the speed advances, which are always welcome, the image and video capabilities are perfect examples of how the browser is encroaching on the operating system’s territory. Being able to edit images in the browser could replace the need for local image-editing software on your machine, andpotentially for separate applications such as Picnik. At this point, it’s not certain how sophisticated this functionality can be, and so designers and ordinary users will probably continue to run local copies of Photoshop for some time to come.The new video functionality, which relies on an open-source codeccalled Ogg, opens up many possibilities, the first one being for developers who do not want to license codecs. Currently, developers are required to license a codec if they want their videos to be playable in proprietary software such as Adobe Flash. Ogg allows video to be played back in Firefox itself.What excites many, though, is that the new version of Firefox enables interactivitybetween multiple applications on the same page. One potential application of this technology, as illustrated in the image above, is allowing users to click objects in a video to get additional information about them while the video is playing.2. Functionally-Limited Mobile ApplicationsSo far, our look at a holistic Web experience has been limited to the traditional br owser. But we’re also interacting with the Web more and more on mobile devices. Right now, casual surfing on a mobile device is not a very sophisticated experiences and therefore probably not the main draw for users. Thecombination of small screens, inconsistent input options, slow connections and lack of content optimized for mobile browsers makes this a pretty clumsy, unpredictable and frustrating experience, especially if y ou’re not on an iPhone.However, applications written specifically for mobile environments and that deal with particular, limited sets of data—such as Google’s mobile apps,device-specific applications for Twitter and Facebook and the millions of applications in the iPhone App Store—look more like the future of mobile Web use. Because the mobile browsing experience is in its infancy, here is some advice on designing mobile experiences: rather than squeezing full-sized Web applications (i.e. ones optimized for desktops and laptops) into the pocket, designers and developers should become proficient at identifying and executing limited functionality sets for mobile applications.A M A Z O N M OB I L EA great example of a functionally-limited mobile application is Amazon’s interface for the iPhone (screenshot above). Amazon has reduced the massive scale of its website to the most essential functions: search, shopping cart and lists. And it has optimized the layout specifically for the iPhone’s smaller screen.FA C E B O O K F O R I P H O N EFacebook continues to improve its mobile version. The latest version includes a simplified landing screen, with an icon for every major function of the website in order of priority of use. While information has been reduced and segmented, the scope of the website has not been significantly altered. Each new update brings the app closer to replicating the full experience in a way that feels quite natural.G M A I L F O R I P H O N EFinally,Gmail’s iPhone application is also i mpressive. Google has introduced a floating bar to the interface that allows users to batch process emails, so thatt hey don’t have to open each email in order to deal with it.3. Web-Enhanced DevicesMobile devices will proliferate faster than anything the computer industry has seen before, thereby exploding entry points to the Web. But the Web will vastly expand not solely through personal mobile devices but through completely new Web-enhanced interfaces in transportation vehicles, homes, clothing and other products.In some cases, Web enhancement may lend itself to marketing initiatives and advertising; in other cases, connecting certain devices to the Web will make them more useful and efficient. Here are three examples of Web-enhanced products or services that we may all be using in the coming years: W E B-E N H A N C E D G R O C E RY S H O P P I N GWeb-connected grocery store “VIP” card s may track customer spending as they do today: every time you scan your customer card, your purchases are added to a massive database that grocery stores use to guide their stocking choices. In exchange for your data, the stores offer you discounts on selected products. Soon with Web-enhanced shopping, stores will be able to offer you specific promotions based on your particular purchasing history, and in real time (as illustrated above). This will give shoppers more incentive to sign up for VIP programs and give retailers more flexibility and variety with discounts, sales and other promotions.W E B-E N H A N C E D U T I L I T I E SOne example of a Web-enhanced device we may all see in our homes soon enough is a smart thermostat (illustrated above), which will allow users not only to monitor their power usage using Google PowerMeter but to see their current charges when it matters to them (e.g. when they’re turning up the heater, not sitting in front of a computer).W E B-E N H A N C E D P E R S O N A L B A N K I N GAnother useful Web enhancement would be a display of your current bank account balance directly on your debit or credit card (as shown above). This data would, of course, be protected and displayed only after you clear a biometric security system that reads your fingerprint directly on the card. Admittedly, this idea is rife with privacy and security implications, but something like this will nevertheless likely exist in the not-too-distant future.4. PersonalizationThanks to the rapid adoption of social networking websites, people have become comfortable with more personalized experiences online. Being greeted by name and offered content or search results based on their browsing history not only is common now but makes the Web more appealing to many. The next step is to increase the user’s control of their personal information and to offer more tools that deliver new information tailored to them.C E N T R A L I Z ED P R O F I LE SIf you’re like most people, you probably maintain somewhere between two to six active profiles on various social networks. Each profile contains a set of information about you, and the overlap varies. You probably have unique usernames and passwords for each one, too, though using a single sign-on service to gain access to multiple accounts is becoming more common. But wh y shouldn’t the information you submit to these accounts follow the same approach? In the coming years, what you tell people about yourself online will be more and more under your control. This process starts with centralizing your datain one profile,which will then share bits of it with other profiles. This way, if your information changes, you’ll have to update your profile only once.D ATA O W NE R S H I PThe question of who owns the data that you share online is fuzzy. In many cases, it even remains unaddressed. However, as privacy settings on social networks become more and more complex, users are becoming increasingly concerned about data ownership. In particular, the question of who owns the images, video and messages created by users becomes significant when a user wants to remove their profile. To put it in perspective, Royal Pingdom, inits Internet 2009 in Numbers report, found that 2.5 billion photos were uploaded to Facebook each month in 2009! The more this number grows, the more users will be concerned about what happens to the content they transfer from their machines to servers in the cloud.While it may seem like a step backward, a movement to restore user data storage to personal machines, which would then intelligently share that data with various social networks and other websites, will likely spring up in response to growing privacy concerns. A system like this would allow individuals to assign meta data to files on their computers, such as video clips and photos; this meta data would specify the files’ availability to social network profiles and other websites. Rather than uploading a copy of an image from your computer to Flickr, you would give Flickr access to certain files that remain on your machine. Organizations such as the Data Portability Project areintroducing this kind of thinking accross the Web today.R E C O M M E N D AT I O N E N G I N E SSearch engines—and the whole concept of search itself—will remain in flux as personalization becomes more commonplace. Currently, the major search engines are adapting to this by offering different takes on personalized search results, based on user-specific browsing history. If you are signed in to your Google account and search for a pizza parlor, you will more likely see local results. With its social search experiment, Google also hopes to leverage your social network connections to deliver results from people you already know. Rounding those out with real-time search results gives users a more personal search experience that is a much more realistic representation of the rapid proliferation of new information on the Web. And because the results are filtered based on your behavior and preferences, the search engine will continue to “learn” more about you in order to provide the most useful information.Another new search engine is attempting to get to the heart of personalized results. Hunch provides customized recommendations of information based onusers’ answers to a set of questions for each query. The more you use it, the better the engine gets at recommending information. As long as you maintain a profile with Hunch, you will get increasingly satisfactory answers to general questions like, “Where should I go on vacation?”The trend of personalization will have significant impact on the way individual websites and applications are designed. Today, consumer websites routinely alter their landing pages based on the location of the user. Tomorrow, websites might do similar interface customizations for individual users. Designers anddevelopers will need to plan for such visual and structural versatility to stay on the cutting edge.整体网页浏览：对未来的发展趋势克里斯托弗·巴特勒未来的网页无处不在。
互联网Web服务中英文对照外文翻译文献
互联网Web服务中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)An internet-based logistics management system forenterprise chains.Developing the internet-based application toolWeb services offer new opportunities in business landscape, facilitating a global marketplace where business rapidly create innovative products and serve customers better. Whatever that business needs is, Web services have the flexibility to meet the demand and allow to accelerate outsourcing. In turn, the developer can focus on building core competencies to create customer and shareholder value. Application development is also more efficient because existing Web services, regardless of where they were developed, can easily be reused.Many of the technology requirements for Web services exist today, such as open standards for business to-business applications, mission-critical transaction platforms and secure integration and messaging products. However, to enable robust and dynamic integration of applications, the industry standards and tools that extend the capabilities of to days business-to-business interoperability are required. The key to taking full advantage of Web services is to understand what Web services are and how the market is likely to evolve. One needs to be able to invest inplatforms and applications today that will enable the developer to quickly and effectively realize these benefits as well as to be able to meet the specific needs and increase business productivity.Typically, there are two basic technologies to be implemented when dealing with internet-based applications; namely server-based and client-based. Both technologieshave their strong points regarding development of the code and the facilities they provide. Server-based applications involve the development of dynamically created web pages. These pages are transmitted to the web browser of the client and contain code in the form of HTML and JA V ASCRIPT language. The HTML part is the static part of the page that contains forms and controls for user needs and the JA V ASCRIPT part is the dynamic part of the page. Typically, the structure of the code can be completely changed through the intervention of web server mechanisms added on thetransmission part and implemented by server-based languages such as ASP, JSP, PHP, etc. This comes to the development of an integrated dynamic page application where user desire regarding problem peculiarities (calculating shortest paths, execute routing algorithms, transact with the database, etc.) is implemented by appropriately invoking different parts of the dynamic content of such pages. In server-based applications allcalculations are executed on the server. In client-based applications, JA V A applets prevail. Communication of the user is guaranteed by the well-known JA V A mechanism that acts as the medium between the user and code.Everything is executed on the client side. Data in this case have to be retrieved, once and this might be the time-consuming part of the transaction.In server-based applications, server resources are used for all calculations and this requires powerful server facilities with respect to hardware and software. Client-based applications are burdened with data transmission (chiefly related to road network data). There is a remedy to that; namely caching. Once loaded, they are left in the cache archives of the web browser to be instantly recalled when needed.In our case, a client-based application was developed. The main reason was the demand from the users point of view for personal data discretion regarding their clients. In fact, this information was kept secret in our system even from the server side involved.Data management plays major role in the good function of our system. This role becomes more substantial when the distribution takes place within a large and detailed road network like this of a major complex city. More specifically, in order to produce the proposed the routing plan, the system uses information about:●the locations of the depot and the customers within the road networkof the city (their co-ordinates attached in the map of the city),●the demand of the customers serviced,●the capacity of the vehicles used,●the spatial characteristics of road segments of the net work examined, ●the topography of the road network,●the speed of the vehicle, considering the spatial characteristics of theroad and the area within of which is moved,●the synthesis of the company fleet of vehicles.Consequently, the system combines, in real time, the available spatial characteristics with all other information mentioned above, and tools for modelling, spatial, non-spatial, and statistical analysis, image processing forming a scalable, extensible and interoperable application environment. The validation and verification of addresses of customers ensure the accurate estimation of travel times and distances travelled. In the case of boundary in the total route duration, underestimates of travel time may lead to failure of the programmed routing plan whereas overestimates can lower the utilization of drivers andvehicles, and create unproductive wait times as well (Assad, 1991). The data corresponding to the area of interest involved two different details. A more detailed network, appropriately for geocoding (approximately250,000 links) and a less detailed for routing (about 10,000 links). The two networks overlapped exactly. The tool that provides solutions to problems of effectively determining the shortest path, expressed in terms of travel time or distance travelled, within a specific road network, using the D ijkstra’s algorithm(Winston,1993). In particular, the Dijkstra’s algorithm is used in two cases during the process of developing the routing plan. In the first case, it calculates the travel times between all possible pairs of depot and customers so that the optimizer would generate the vehicle routes connecting them and in the second case it determines the shortest path between two involved nodes (depot or customer) in the routing plan, as this was determined by the algorithm previously. Due to the fact, that U-turn and left-,right-turn restrictions were taken into consideration for network junctions, an arc-based variant of the algorithm was taken into consideration (Jiang, Han, & Chen, 2002).The system uses the optimization algorithms mentioned in the following part in order to automatically generate the set of vehicle routes (which vehicles should deliver to which customers and in which order) minimizing simultaneously the vehicle costs and the total distance travelled by the vehicles This process involves activities that tend to be more strategic and less structured than operational procedures. The system helpsplanners and managers to view information in new way and examine issues such as:●the average cost per vehicle, and route,●the vehicle and capacity utilization,●the service level and cost,●the modification of the existing routing scenario by adding orsubtracting customers.In order to support the above activities, the interface of the proposed system provides a variety of analyzed geographic and tabulated data capabilities. Moreover, the system can graphically represent each vehicle route separately, cutting it o? from the final routing plan and offering the user the capability for perceiving the road network and the locations of depot and customers with all details.物流管理系统发展基于互联网的应用工具Web服务提供的商业景观的新机会，促进全球市场在业务快速推出创新的产品和客户提供更好的服务。
网页设计网站参考文献（Webdesignwebsitereference）
网页设计网站参考文献（Web design website reference）Web design is a broad term that covers many different skills and disciplines that are used in the production and maintenance of websites. [1] web design, different areas include web graphic design, interface design, creation, including standardized code and proprietary software, user experience design and search engine optimization. Many people often work team covers different aspects of the design process, although some designers will cover all. [2] web design is usually used to describe the front-end (client) design involved in the design process, including written markup, but this is a gray area, because it is also a web site that covers web development. Web designers are expected to have an understanding of usability, if their role relates to creating markup, and then they are also expected to become the latest page readability guidelines.History (1988-2000 years)Although web design has a fairly near history, it can be linked to other fields, such as graphic design. However, web design is also seen as a technical point of view. It has become a big part of people's daily life. It's hard to imagine animated graphics without the Internet, different styles of typography, backgrounds and music.Website and web design startIn 1989, while working at CERN, Tim Berners Lee proposed the creation of a global hypertext project, which was later known as the world wide web. From 1991 to 1993, the World Wide Webcame into existence. Text pages can be viewed as using only one simple line pattern browser. [3] in 1993, Mark Anderson and Eric Bina created the Mosaic browser. There were multiple browsers at that time, but most of them were based on Unix's natural text weight. There has been no unified approach to graphic design elements, such as images or sound. Mosaic browsers broke this pattern. W3C was founded in October 1994, "through the development of common agreements to promote its development, and to ensure its interoperability led to the world wide web, in order to give full play to its potential." [4] [5] this discouraged any company from exclusive browser and programming language, which could change the effect of the world wide web as a whole. W3C setting standard, can use JavaScript today. Andriessen formed the Mosaic communications company in 1994. The Netscape 0.9 browser, which was later called Netscape Communications. Netscape didn't take into account the traditional standard process to create its own HTML tag. For example, 1.1 of Netscape includes text labels that change background colors and table formats on Web pages. From 1996 to 1999, browser wars began. Browser wars, the battle between Microsoft and Netscape, eventually led the browser. During this time, there are many new technical areas, especially cascading style sheets, JAVASCRIPT, and dynamic HTML. The whole browser competition also led to a lot of positive creation, and helped the rapid development of web design. [6]The evolution of Web DesignIn 1996, Microsoft released its first competitive browser, which has its own features and tags. It was also the first browser supported stylesheet, which was at the time as anobscure creation technique. [6] CSS was developed by W3C in December 1996 to improve the readability of web pages and make the semantics of HTML code, not representation. Layout based becomes very popular, because they give web designers more choices to create websites. The original HTML markup table displays tabular data. But designers quickly realized that they could add to the potential of their design structure elements. They quickly create more complex, multi column layouts than HTML is originally capable. However, little attention has been paid to semantically accessible web pages at this time. As design and good aesthetics seem to take precedence over merit structure. There was also a blank in this period. GIF controls the size of web layout and becomes very popular. HTML sites are limited to their design schemes, and more to earlier versions of HTML. Creating complex design, many web designers have to use complex table structures,Even use the spacing of the blank image. [7] However, flash memory (originally FutureSplash) was developed in 1996. At that time, it was a very simple layout of basic tools and schedules, but it made web designers time to go beyond the HTML point. Today, it has grown so powerful that it can develop the entire site.[7]The first browser war endedOne of the 1998 Netscape Netscape Communicator open-source licenses has enabled thousands of developers to participate in software improvements. However, they decided to stop and start from the beginning, guide the development of open source browser, and quickly expanded to a complete applicationplatform. [6] 2000 is an important year for Microsoft. Internet Explorer has been released in Mac, which is important, because it is the first browser fully support HTML 4.01, CSS 1, improve the standard bar. It's also the first browser that fully supports the PNG image format. [6] at this time the Netscape was sold to the official Microsoft of AOL and Netscape in browser war loss, which is [6]Tools and techniquesWeb designers use a variety of tools, depending on their participation. Which parts of the production process are updated over time, the new standards and software, but the principles behind them remain unchanged. Web graphic designers use software packages to create Web format images or design prototype vectors and raster graphics. Techniques for creating web sites include standardized tags, which can be manually encoded or generated WYSIWYG editing software. There are proprietary software plug-ins that bypass the browser version of the client, which are often WYSIWYG, but use the scripting language options of the software. Search engine optimization tools can be used to check the rankings of search engines, and put forward suggestions for improvement.Other tools that web designers can use include labeling validation [8] and other testing tools for usability and ease of use to ensure that their web sites are in line with web accessibility guidelines. [9]Skills and techniquesLetterpress printingIn general, there is only one successful website, which is a similar style, rather than using a series of fonts, fonts. The best web site should use Sans Serif or serif fonts, not the combination of the two. The number of fonts should be carefully used in the layout of the website, and the good design will incorporate some similar fonts, rather than a type of face range. Most browsers recognize Secure Fonts, and designers mainly use the specific number of complications to avoid. Most of the layouts on the site include whitespace into paragraph text, and also avoid central aligned text. [10]Page layoutWeb pages should well improve user navigation. Also for navigation purposes, the layout of the web page should also be consistent on different pages. [11] when building land, this is very important, because this is a crucial adjustment object, and consider the page width in the layout design. The most popular sites generally have a width of nearly 1024 pixels. Most web pages also have center alignment to make objects look more beautiful and more beautiful on the screen. [12]Quality codeWhen creating a website, it's a good practice, up to standard. This includes errors in code, better for code layout, and ensuring correct identification of your ID and class. This is usually a description of what a specified element is. Failing to make the site unusable or error prone, the readabilityinvolved in the standard, and ensuring that the encoding elements are properly closed to the correct layout of the page. When W3C is validated, it can only be a correct DOCTYPE statement, which is used to highlight errors in the code. System identification errors and areas that do not conform to web design standards. This information can be corrected by the user.[13]Visual designDetermine the website's visual design work and target market for it. This can be an age group or a particular cultural chain, so designers should understand the audience's trends.Designers should also understand that they are designing, which means that a commercial site should not be designed as a social media site, such as the same type of website. Designers should also know the representatives of employers or commercial websites to make sure that they are portrayed as profitable. Aesthetics or the overall design of a web site should not conflict with the content, making it easier for users to browse, and to find the information or products they need [14]User experience designFor users to understand a website, they must be able to understand how the site works. This will affect their experience. User experience related layouts on the website, explicit instructions and logos. Users must understand that they can interact on the web site. For continued use, users must see the usefulness of the site if they continue to use it. Whois proficient and proficient in the use of Web sites, the impact is directly related to how they look at the site, it encourages further use. Therefore, less experienced users are less likely to see the advantages or the usefulness of the site. This, in turn, should be focused on more commonly used designs and accessible traffic networks to accommodate as many users as possible, regardless of the user's skills. [15]OccupationThere are two main tasks include: Web Design and web development work to build a website, they often work closely on the website, [16] is responsible for the visual aspects, including the layout, color and layout of "designer". A web designer will also have the experience of creating a website with various languages such as HTML, CSS, PHP, JavaScript and Flash, although their knowledge will vary from a web designer to a web designer. A person, especially in a smaller organization, will need the necessary skills, web design and programming, while larger organizations may have a web designer who is solely responsible for visual aspects. [17]Further work, in specific circumstances, may become involved in building a website, including:Graphic designers create visual effects such as logos, layouts, and buttonsInternet marketing experts to help the target audience to the scene, through the Internet marketing and promotion of technology, through strategic solutions to maintain thepresence of the site.SEO writers, researchers, and suggest that the right words are incorporated into a specific site, making it easier to find in many search engines.Internet copywriting creates pages of written content to attract the target audience of the web site. [2]User experience (UX) designers combine user focused design considerations, including information architecture, user centric design, user testing, interactive design, and occasional visual design issues.From the website design to astec website:/。
网页制作外文文献及翻译
网页制作Dreamweaver外文文献及翻译Dreamweaver 3.0 is the newest version of Dreamweaver-a tool for compiling web pages, introduced by Macromedia Company. Its feature is "what you see is what you get"-this is really a blessing for novice. Also, it has functions for web site management, facilitating design and management of multiple web sites. Fig. 1 is the interface when Dreamweaver 3. 0 is activated.1. A Brief Introduction of Dream weaverCompared with its predecessor Dreamweaver 2.0, Dreamweaver3.0 is more friendly and practical for use in its operating interface, and its function has been further improved. Readers will see it is so easy to create web pages, without writing any page of code to rapidly create dynamic HTML web pages, for example, cartoon and layers; and by using its object browser, it is also possible to create web pages applicable to various platforms and browsers with very good compatibility; and it is also possible to make use of Roundtrip HTML technology provided by Dreamweaver to control the source code generated by Dreamweaver with high precision.More significantly, Dreamweaver provides you with individualized space. Your can create your own object and command, revise menu and quick keys, or even create you own JavaScript to expand Dreamweaver. It is not exaggerated at all that Dreamweaver brings in unlimited space for you to create your web pages.2. A General Description of Dreamweaver Functions(1) documents foundation and useThe documents operation is the homepage manufacture foundation. Dreamweaver not only may found the blank documents and based on the template documents, but also may edit the HTML document which in other procedures founds, for example FrontPage and so on. Dream weaver has also provided the history (History) the kneading board. The historical kneading board has recorded the reader the history which operates in the documents window, it may help you to abolish or the repetition step, and greatly simplified the homepage manufacture process. Chart 2 has demonstrated one demonstration history kneading board method.* Joins the picture and the super linkA homepage only has the text is unable to attract the person, must in the documents China and Canada person other elements. The picture certainly is inevitable, form and ultra link also essential, is abundant can suffice fascinatingly.Dream weaver provided two kinds to insert the person picture the way. The reader may choose the menu to order Insert/Image; Also may select The super link is in the documents the most important part. Had it to be allowed freely to jump from a position to another weaver formidable function has provided the many kinds of links way possibility. The mostcommon link is between the documents link, this regarding Dream weaver said certainly is a cinch. Also may found the special link using Dream weaver, for example uses the E-Mail linking the homepage, in order to promptly gains the outside each kind of feedback information, this regarding a good website said is extremely important. Also may found the script link, moves the corresponding JavaScript script, thus realizes the corresponding operation.*Website managementThe website management is the Dream weaver essence are partial. Using Dream weaver, may facilitate quickly establishes the local website and the far-end website. Dream weaver may help user's to duplicate far-end server on far-end website on the local computer, constitution local website; Also may duplicate the local website on the far-end server, constitution far-end website. Dream weaver can maintain between the local website and far-end website content synchronization, guaranteed the user carries on the renewal with wishes fulfilled to the far-end website. It also may carry on the test to in the website link, discovers break and the mistake, and carries on the repair, guarantees the website structure the accuracy.Dynamic homepage manufactureThe newest standard HTML 4.0 languages the original will expand some brand-new domains, turned the true abbreviation will be DHTML). But JavaScript and the CSS language is in function formidable DHTML the most main part. CSS and the JavaScript coordination use, may extremely simply realize the homepage dynamic effect.(2) Dream weaver 3.0 new functionsDream the weaver 3.0 new characteristics strengthened the function, improved the website management, the permission user increase navigation fence (Navigation Bar), the picture map (Images Maps) and so on the element, causes the work flow, the user and expands Dream weaver.(a) HTML edition functionFast label editorCauses the user not to need to leave Dream the weaver documents window to be allowed fast to revise, the increase, to move the HTML label.HTML styleIn 3.0 may use the standard HTML label in Dream weaver which the multi- browsers supports to found the style (for instance label and label), but in the before edition, only could use the level to fold the style list (CSS).(c) Founds and the edition object and the page elementThe user may be allowed with ease to obtain the commonly used object in the object kneading board. 1662。
开发一个ASP网站所应用的工具毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文
毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：开发一个ASP网站所应用的工具文献、资料英文题目：ASP development of a site by the use of tools 文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14ASP development of a site by the use of tools1. DreamweaverMacromedia Dreamweaver is a professional HTML editor for visually designing and managing web sites and pages. Whether you enjoy the control of hand-coding HTML or prefer to work in a visual editing environment, Dream weaver makes it easy to get started and provides you with helpful tools to enhance your Web design experience.Dreamweaver includes many coding tools and features: an HTML, CSS, and JavaScript reference, a JavaScript debugger, and code editors (the Code view and Code inspector) that allow you to edit JavaScript, XML technology imports HTML documents without reformatting Macromedia’s Roundtrip HTML technology imports HTML documents without reformatting the code and you can set Dream weaver to clean up and reformat HTML when you want it to .Dreamweaver’s visual editing features also let you quickly add design and functionality to your pages without writing a line of code. You can view all your site elements or assets and drag them from an easy-to-use panel directly into a document. Streamline your development workflow by creating and editing images in Macromedia Fireworks, then importing them directly into Dream weaver, or by adding Flash objects you create directly in Dreamweaver.Dreamweaver is fully customizable. Use Dreamweaver to create your own objects and commands, modify keyboard shortcuts, and even write JavaScript code to extend Dreamweaver’s capabilities with new behaviors, property inspectors and site reports.The Dreamweaver work areaLet’s start wi th a brief overview of the Dreamweaver work area.If you haven’t already launch Dreamweaver, double-click the Dream weaver icon to launch it.The Dreamweaver work area accommodates different styles of working and levels of expertise.When you launch Dreamweaver, the following work area items open:The Document window displays the current document as you create and edit it.The Objects panel contains icons you click to insert objects in you document.Dreamweaver provides many floating panels, such as the HTML Styles panel and the code inspector which enable you to work with other Dreamweaver elements.The Launcher bar contains buttons for opening and closing your most frequently used inspectors and panels.The Property inspector displays properties for the selected object or text, and lets you modify those properties.(Which properties appear in the inspector depend on the object actively selected in the document.)To open Dreamweaver’s windows, inspectors and panels, use the Window menu. A check mark next to an item in the Window menu indicates that the named item is currently open(though it may be hidden behind other windows). To display an item that isn’t currently open, choose the item name from the menu or use its keyboard shortcut.Working in DreamweaverDreamweaver can display a document in three ways: in Design view, in Code view, and in a split view that shows both the design and code.(To change the view in which you’re working ,select a view in the Dream weaver toolbar.)By default, Dreamweaver displays the document window in design view.In addition, you can work with Dreamweaver’s design view in two different ways in layout view and standard view.( You select these views in the view category of the objects panel.) In layout view you can design a page layout. Insert graphics, text, and other media; in standard view, in addition to inserting graphics text and media, you can also insert layers, create frame documents, create tables, and apply other changes to your page-options that aren’t available in layou t view.2.DatabaseYou know that a database is a collection of logically related data elements that maybe structured in various ways to meet the multiple processing and retrieval needs of organizations and individuals. There’s nothing new about databases-early ones were chiseled in stone, penned on scrolls, and written on index cards. But now databases are commonly recorded on magnetically media, and computer programs are required toperform the necessary storage and retrieval operations.You’ll see in the following pages that complex data relationships and linkages maybe found in all but the simplest databases. The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating, accessing, and maintaining database records is called a database management system(DBMS).The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the database itself and the users of the database.(These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various OS programs.)A DBMS can organize, process, and present selected data elements from the database. This capability enables decision makers to search, probe, and query database contents in order to extract answers to nonrecurring and unplanned questions that aren’t avail able in regular reports.These questions might initially be vague and/or poorly defined, but people can “browse” through the database until they needed information. In short, the DBMS will “manage” the stored data items and assemble the needed items from t he common database in response to the queries of those who aren’t programmers. Ina file-oriented system, users needing special information may communicate their needs to programmer, who, when time permits, will write one or more prepare the information.The availability of a DBMS, however, offers users a much faster alternative communications path.3. SQL AND SQL SERVERIBM invented a computer language back in the 1970s designed specifically for database queries called SEQUEL; those letters stand for Structured English QUERY for queries, but can also build databases and manage the database engine’s security. Because of this heritage you can pronounce it “sequel” or spell it out “S-Q-L.” There are various versions of SQL used in today’s database engines. Micro soft SQL Server uses a version called Transact-SQL, or T-SQL, which stands for Transaction SQL.⑴What Is SQL Server?SQL Server is a client/server relational database management system (RDBMS)that use Transact-SQL to send requests between a client an SQL Server.⑵Client/Server ArchitectureThe terms client, server, and client/server can be used to refer to very general concepts or to specific items of hardware or software. At the most general level, a client is any component of a system that requests services or resources from other components of a system. A server is any component of a system that provides services or resources to other components of a system.For example, when you print a document from your workstation on a network, the workstation is the client and the machine that does the print spooling is the server.Any client/server data-base system consists of the following components:The server—A collection of data items and supporting objects organized and presented to facilitate services, such as searching ,sorting , recombining ,retrieving, updating ,and analyzing data.. The database consists of the physical storage of data and the data base services. All data access occurs through the server; the physical data is never accessed directly by the client.The client—A software program that might be used interactively by a person or that could be an automated process. This includes all software that interacts with the server, either requesting data from or sending data to the database.The communication between the client and the server---- The communication between the client and the server depends largely on how the client and server are implemented. Both physical and logical layers of communication can be identified.When you communicate with someone using the telephone, the telephone system is the physical layer and a spoken natural language is the logical layer of communication. For a data-based system, the physical layer can be a network if the server and the client are on different computers. It can be intercrosses communication if the server and the client are on the same computer. The logical communication structure of the physical layer may be low-level operating system calls, a proprietary data access language, or the open structured query language (SQL)4. IISInternet Information Server is the acronym (IIS) is a World Wide Web server. Gopher server and FTP server all inclusive inside. IIS means that you can publish web pages, and there are ASP (Active Server Pages), JAVA, VBscript generated pages, with someextensions. IIS support some interesting things, like the editorial environment interface (FRONTPAGE), a full-text search function (INDEX SERVER), a multimedia capabilities (NET SHOW)Secondly, IIS is with Windows NT Server 4.0 to provide the documents and application server, Windows NT Server is built on the basic Internet server components. Windows NT Server and its fully integrated, allowing the use of Windows NT Server built-in security, and the NTFS file system build a powerful and flexible Internet / Intranet site.IIS (Internet Information Server, Internet Information Services) is a Web (Web) services components, including Web server, FTP server, NNTP server and the SMTP server, were used for web browsing, file transfer, mail and news services and so on It makes the network (including the Internet and LAN) on the release of information has become a very easy matter.IIS is the abbreviation for Internet Information Server, Microsoft is pushing the main server, the latest version is included Windows2000 inside the IIS 5, IIS and WindowNT Server fully integrated together, so users can use Windows NT Server and NTFS (NT File System , NT file system) built-in security features, building a strong, flexible and secure Internet and Intranet sites.IIS support HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Hypertext Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol, file transfer protocol) and SMTP protocol, through the use of CGI and ISAPI, IIS can be a high degree of expansion.IIS support has nothing to do with the language of the script preparation and components, through the IIS, developers can develop a new generation of dynamic, full of charm of the Web site. IIS does not require developers to learn new scripting language or compiler applications, IIS full support for VBScript, JScript software development and Java, it also supports the CGI and WinCGI, and the expansion and ISAPI filter.IIS is designed to establish a set of integrated server services to support HTTP, FTP and SMTP, it can provide quick and integration of existing products, while expansion of the Internet server.。
jsp技术网站设计外文翻译(适用于毕业论文外文翻译+中英文对照)
Combining JSP and ServletsThe technology of JSP and Servlet is the most important technology which use Java technology to exploit request of server, and it is also the standard which exploit business application .Java developers prefer to use it for a variety of reasons, one of which is already familiar with the Java language for the development of this technology are easy to learn Java to the other is "a preparation, run everywhere" to bring the concept of Web applications, To achieve a "one-prepared everywhere realized." And more importantly, if followed some of the principles of good design, it can be said of separating and content to create high-quality, reusable, easy to maintain and modify the application. For example, if the document in HTML embedded Java code too much (script), will lead the developed application is extremely complex, difficult to read, it is not easy reuse, but also for future maintenance and modification will also cause difficulties. In fact, CSDN the JSP / Servlet forum, can often see some questions, the code is very long, can logic is not very clear, a large number of HTML and Java code mixed together. This is the random development of the defects.Early dynamic pages mainly CGI (Common Gateway Interface, public Gateway Interface) technology, you can use different languages of the CGI programs, such as VB, C / C + + or Delphi, and so on. Though the technology of CGI is developed and powerful, because of difficulties in programming, and low efficiency, modify complex shortcomings,it is gradually being replaced by the trend. Of all the new technology, JSP / Servlet with more efficient and easy to program, more powerful, more secure and has a good portability, they have been many people believe that the future is the most dynamic site of the future development of technology.Similar to CGI, Servlet support request / response model. When a customer submit a request to the server, the server presented the request Servlet, Servlet responsible for handling requests and generate a response, and then gave the server, and then from the server sent to the customer. And the CGI is different, Servlet not generate a new process, but with HTTP Server at the same process. It threads through the use of technology, reduce the server costs. Servlet handling of the request process is this: When received from the client's request, calling service methods, the method of Servlet arrival of the first judgement is what type of request (GET / POST / HEAD…), then calls the appropriate treatment (DoGet / doPos t / doHead…) and generate a response.Although such a complex, in fact, simply said to Servlet is a Java class. And the general category of the difference is that this type operating in a Servlet container, which can provide session management and targeted life-cycle management. So that when you use the Servlet, you can get all the benefits of the Java platform, including the safety of the management, use JDBC access the database and cross-platform capability. Moreover, Servlet using thread, and can develop more efficient Web applications.JSP technology is a key J2EE technology, it at a higher level of abstraction of a Servlet.It allows conventional static and dynamic HTML content generated by combining an HTML page looks like, but as a Servlet to run. There are many commercial application server support JSP technology, such as BEA WebLogic, IBM WebSphere, JRun, and so on. JSP and Servlet use more than simple. If you have a JSP support for Web servers, and a JSP document, you can put it Fangdao any static HTML files can be placed, do not have to compile, do not have to pack, do not have to ClassPath settings, you can visit as ordinary Web It did visit, the server will automatically help you to do other work.JSP document looks like an ordinary static HTML document, but inside contains a number of Java code. It uses. Jsp the suffix, used to tell the server this document in need of special treatment. When we visit a JSP page, the document will first be translated into a JSP engine Java source files, is actually a Servlet, and compiler, and then, like other Servlet, from Servlet engine to handle. Servlet engine of this type loading, handling requests from customers, and the results returned to the customer, as shown below:Figure 1: Calling the process of JSP pagesAfter another visit this page to the customer, as long as the paper there have been no changes, JSP engine has been loaded directly call the Servlet. If you have already been modified, it will be once again the implementation of the above process, translate, compile and load. In fact, this is the so-called "first person to punishment." Because when the first visit to the implementation of a series of the above process, so will spend some time after such a visit would not.Java servlets offer a powerful API that provides access to all the information about the request, the session, and the application. combining JSP with servlets lets you clearly separate the application logic from the presentation of the application; in other words, it lets you use the most appropriate component type for the roles of Model, View and Controller.Servlets, Filters, and ListenersA servlet is a Java class that extends a server with functionality for processing a request and producing a response. It's implemented using the classes and interfaces defined by the Servlet API. The API consists of two packages: the javax.servlet package contains classes and interfaces that are protocol-independent, while the javax.servlet.http package provides HTTP-specific extensions and utility classes.What makes a servlet a servlet is that the class implements an interface named javax.servlet.Servlet, either directly or by extending one of the support classes. This interface defines the methods used by the web container to manage and interact with theservlet. A servlet for processing HTTP requests typically extends the javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet class. This class implements the Servlet interface and provides additional methods suitable for HTTP processing.Servlet LifecycleThe web container manages all aspects of the servlet's lifecycle. It creates an instance of the servlet class when needed, passes requests to the instance for processing, and eventually removes the instance. For an HttpServlet, the container calls the following methods at the appropriate times in the servlet lifecycle.Besides the doGet( ) and doPost( ) methods, there are methods corresponding to the other HTTP methods: doDelete( ), doHead( ), doOptions( ), doPut( ), and doTrace( ). Typically you don't implement these methods; the HttpServlet class already takes care of HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE requests in a way that's suitable for most servlets, and the DELETE and PUT HTTP methods are rarely used in a web application.It's important to realize that the container creates only one instance of each servlet. This means that the servlet must be thread safe -- able to handle multiple requests at the same time, each executing as a separate thread through the servlet code. Without getting lost in details, you satisfy this requirement with regards to instance variables if you modify the referenced objects only in the init( ) and destroy( ) methods, and just read them in the request processing methods.Compiling and Installing a ServletTo compile a servlet, you must first ensure that you have the JAR file containing all Servlet API classes in the CLASSPATH environment variable. The JAR file is distributed with all web containers. Tomcat includes it in a file called servlet.jar, located in the common/lib directory. On a Windows platform, you include the JAR file in the CLASSPATH.. Reading a RequestOne of the arguments passed to the doGet( ) and doPost( ) methods is an object that implements the HttpServletRequest interface. This interface defines methods that provide access to a wealth of information about the request.Generating a ResponseBesides the request object, the container passes an object that implements the HttpServletResponse interface as an argument to the doGet( ) and doPost( ) methods. This interface defines methods for getting a writer or stream for the response body. It also defines methods for setting the response status code and headers.Using Filters and ListenersThe servlet specification defines two component types beside servlets: filters and listeners. These two types were introduced in the Servlet 2.3 specification, so if you're using a container that doesn't yet support this version of the specification, I'm afraid you'reout of luck.FiltersA filter is a component that can intercept a request targeted for a servlet, JSP page, or static page, as well as the response before it's sent to the client. This makes it easy to centralize tasks that apply to all requests, such as access control, logging, and charging for the content or the services offered by the application. A filter has full access to the body and headers of the request and response, so it can also perform various transformations. One example is compressing the response body if the Accept-Language request header indicates that the client can handle a compressed response.A filter can be applied to either a specific servlet or to all requests matching a URL pattern, such as URLs starting with the same path elements or having the same extension. ListenersListeners allow your application to react to certain events. Prior to Servlet 2.3, you could handle only session attribute binding events (triggered when an object was added or removed from a session). You could do this by letting the object saved as a sessionattribute(using the HttpSession.setAttribute() method)implement the HttpSessionBindingListener interface. With the new interfaces introduced in the 2.3 version of the specification, you can create listeners for servlet context and session lifecycle events as well as session activation and passivation events (used by a container that temporarily saves session state to disk or migrates a session to another server). A newsession attribute event listener also makes it possible to deal with attribute binding events for all sessions in one place, instead of placing individual listener objects in each session.The new types of listeners follow the standard Java event model. In other words, a listener is a class that implements one or more of the listener interfaces. The interfaces define methods that correspond to events. The listener class is registered with the container when the application starts, and the container then calls the event methods at the appropriate times.Initializing Shared Resources Using a ListenerBeans like this typically need to be initialized before they can be used. For instance, they may need a reference to a database or some other external data source and may create an initial information cache in memory to provide fast access even to the first request for data. You can include code for initialization of the shared resources in the servlet and JSP pages that need them, but a more modular approach is to place all this code in one place and let the other parts of the application work on the assumption that the resources are already initialized and available. An application lifecycle listener is a perfect tool for this type of resource initialization. This type of listener implements the javax.servlet.ServletContextListener interface, with methods called by the container when the application starts and when it shuts down.Picking the Right Component Type for Each TaskThe Project Billboard application introduced is a fairly complex application. Half thepages are pure controller and business logic processing, it accesses a database to authenticate users, and most pages require access control. In real life, it would likely contain even more pages, for instance, pages for access to a shared document archive, time schedules, and a set of pages for administration. As the application evolves, it may become hard to maintain as a pure JSP application. It's easy to forget to include the access control code in new pages.This is clearly an application that can benefit from using a combination of JSP pages and the component types defined by the servlet specification for the MVC roles. Let's look at the main requirements and see how we can map them to appropriate component types:●Database access should be abstracted, to avoid knowledge of a specific dataschema or database engine in more than one part of the application: beans in therole of Model can be used to accomplish this.●The database access beans must be made available to all other parts of theapplication when it starts: an application lifecycle event listener is the perfectcomponent type for this task.●Only authenticated users must be allowed to use the application: a filter canperform access control to satisfy this requirement.●Request processing is best done with Java code: a servlet, acting as the Controller,fits the bill.●It must be easy to change the presentation: this is where JSP shines, acting as theView.Adding servlets, listeners, and filters to the mix minimizes the need for complex logic in the JSP pages. Placing all this code in Java classes instead makes it possible to use a regular Java compiler and debugger to fix potential problems.Centralized Request Processing Using a ServletWith a servlet as the common entry point for all application requests, you gain control over the page flow of the application. The servlet can decide which type of response to generate depending on the outcome of the requested action, such as returning a common error page for all requests that fail, or different responses depending on the type of client making the request. With the help from some utility classes, it can also provide services such as input validation, I18N preparations, and in general, encourage a more streamlined approach to request handling.When you use a servlet as a Controller, you must deal with the following basic requirements:●All requests for processing must be passed to the single Controller servlet.●The servlet must be able to distinguish requests for different types of processing.Here are other features you will want support for, even though they may not be requirements for all applications:● A strategy for extending the application to support new types of processingA mechanism for changing the page flow of the application without modifyingcode.Mapping Application Requests to the ServletThe first requirement for using a Controller servlet is that all requests must pass through it. This can be satisfied in many ways. If you have played around a bit with servlets previously, you're probably used to invoking a servlet with a URI that starts with /myApp/servlet. This is a convention introduced by Suns Java Web Server (JWS), the first product to support servlets before the API was standardized. Most servlet containers support this convention today, even though it's not formally defined in the servlet specification.将Servlet和JSP组合使用Servlet和JSP技术是用Java开发服务器端应用的主要技术，是开发商务应用表示端的标准。
网页设计专业毕业设计外文翻译
Produce the design of the tool and realize automaticallyon the basis of JSP webpageIt is an important respect that Internet uses that Web develops technology, and JSP is the most advanced technology that Web is developed , it is present Web developer's first-selected technology. But because JSP has relatively high expectations for Web developer, a lot of general Web developers can not use this advanced technology . The discussion produces the design of the tool and realizes automatically on the basis of JSP webpage of the template and label storehouse, put forward concrete design philosophy and implementation method .With the popularization of WWW (World Wide Web ), the technology of the dynamic webpage is developed rapidly too. From original CGI (Common Gateway In-terface ) to ASP (Active Server Page ), have met the webpage developer to the demand for developing technology of the dynamic webpage to a certain extent. But no matter CGI or ASP have certain limitation, for instance, consuming to resources of the server of CGI, ASP can only be used etc. with Microsoft IIS, all these have limited scope of application of the technology, have hindered their popularization greatly. The vast page developers all look forward to a kind of unified page and develop technology earnestly, characteristic that this technology there should be：①Have nothing to do with the operating platform, can run on any Web or the application program server ;②Show the logic and page of application program that separates ; ③Offer codes to put in an position, simplify and develop the course based on interactive application program of Web.JSP (Java Server Page ) technology is designed and used for responding to the request that like this. JSP is developed technology by the new webpage that Sun MicroSystem Company put out in June of 1999, it is that Web based on Java Serv-let and the whole Java system develops technology, and Servlet2. Expansion of 1API. Utilize this technology, can set up advancedly , safely and stepping dynamic websites of the platform .Java is the future mainstream to develop technology , have a lot of advantages . JSP is Java important application technology on Internet/Intranet Web , get extensive support and admit, it can conbine with various kinds of Java technology together intactly , thus realize very complicated application.As a kind of technology of development based on text , taking showing as centre, JSP has offered all advantages of Java Servlet. Logic function in order to make sure and showing the function was separated , JSP can already work with JavaBeans , Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB ) and Servlet . The developer of JSP can finish the work that majority and website's logic are correlated with through using JavaBeans , EJB and Servlet , and only assign the work shown to JSP page to finish. Content and show advantage that logic separate lie in , upgrade person , page of appearanceneedn't understand Java code , the personnel upgrading Javas needn't be experts who design webpage either. This can define Web template in JSP page with Javas , in order to set up websites made up of a page with similar appearance. Java completion data offer, have Java code among template, this mean template these can write by one HTML person is it maintain to come.JSP develops technology as the webpage of the mainstream at present, has the following characteristics：(1) Separate the formulation and showing of the content : Using JSP technology, the page developer of Web can use HTML or XML identification to design and format the final page . Use JSP identification or bound foot turn into dynamic content of page actually (whether content according to is it come change to ask). Produce logic of content of the identification and JavaBeans package , truss up of the little script encapsulation, all scripts run in the end of the server. If key logic among identification and JavaBeans, then other people, such as Web administrative staff and page designer encapsulation, can edit and use JSP page , and does not influence the formulation of the content .(2) Emphasize the reusable package : Most JSP pages depend on the reusable one, the package stepping the platform finish more complicated treatment with required application program. Benefitting from the independence of operating platform of Java, the developer can be very convenient to share and exchange and carry out the ordinary package that operated, or make these packages used by more users. The method based on package has accelerated the total development course, the efficiency of improving the project and developing wholly greatly.Though JSP is powerful, it requires the webpage developer should be quite familiar with Java. There are still relatively few Java programmers now, for general webpage developer, the grammar of JSP is more difficult to grasp . So, need a kind of webpage developing instrument and offer commonly used JSP application to general webpage developer, is it understand general page develop developer of technology (HTML ) can use strong function of JSP too only to let.Systematic design object and main technology of use：(1)Design objectSystem this design object for understand but HTML understand general webpage developer of JSP offer a webpage developing instrument at all only, enable them to follow the systematic file, use the daily function of JSP through the label, produce one finally and only include static HTML and dynamic JSP webpage of JSP label.(2)Main technologyThis system is in the design, consider using the technology of the template and JSP label to realize mainly.1、Technology of the templateThe technology of the template is widely applied to various kinds of development and application system. It produces some commonly used frame structure in advance , uses the family to choose the template from the template storehouse conveniently according to the needs of one's own one, is it is it put up to go again by oneself to need , save construction period in user , facilitate use of user. In this system , classify the page according to the function type , sum up the commonly used page type, produce the template storehouse.2、Storehouse technology of the labelIn JSP, movements can create and visit the language target of the procedure and influence the element exported and flowed. JSP has defined six standard movements. Except six standard movement these, user can define own movement finish the specific function. These movements are known as the customer movement, they are the reusable procedure module . Through movement these, programmer can some encapsulation stand up too display function of page in JSP page, make the whole page more succinct and easier to maintain. In a JSP page, movements were transfered through the customer label in these customers. And the label storehouse (Tag Library ) is the set of the customer label.JSP label storehouse is that one kind produces the method based on script of XML through JavaBeans. It is one of the greatest characteristics of JSP. Through the label storehouse , can expand JSP application unrestrictedly , finish any complicated application demand.JSP label storehouse has the following characteristic：①Easy to use: The labels in JSP and general HTML marks are totally the same in appearance, it is as convenient as ordinary HTML mark to use.②The easy code is paid most attention to: Every label in the label storehouse can finish certain function . Define ready to eat one label storehouse , is it pack one Jar file the label storehouse to need only, then only need use this label storehouse in other systems afterwards, needn't develop codes again , has raised the system and developed efficiency greatly, have reduced the development cost.③The easy code is safeguarded: All application logic is encapsulated in label processor and JavaBeans, all labels concentrate on a label storehouse. If need to upgrade codes or need to revise the function on a webpage, only need to revise the corresponding label. Maintain way in unison through this kind , it is unnecessary in each webpage is it is it fix to act as to get onning, have reduce the work load safeguarded greatly, has economized the cost of safeguarding.④The easy system is expanded : If need to add the new function to the system , only need to define a new label to finish this function, do not need to do any change to other respects of thesystem. Can inherit JSP normal characteristics of various fields in the label storehouse. Can expand and increase the function of JSP unrestrictedly like this, and does not need to wait for the appearance of the next edition JSP .Systematic composition and realizing：(1)The system making upThis system is made up of four parts mainly：1、The database joins some: This system supports several daily databases , including Oracle, Sybase, MSSQLServer, MySQL and DB2, use JDBC and database to link to each other according to database type and database name , user name , password that users offer that users choose.2、The basic form of system produces some: After joining with the database , produce the basic form TC-Tables and TC-Columns of two systems according to the user name linking to each other with the database , TC-Tables form includes English name , Chinese name and some attribute of form belonging to this user in this database , for instance can revise , can inquire about ; The Chinese and English name of the row and some other attribute that TC-Columns form includes belonging to all forms of this user's in this database . For instance can show , can inquire about . Basic information of the database that these basic forms of two systems provide to user's institute for use in the course of development of the whole system.3、The template is chosen to produce some with the webpage: This part is a key part of a system. It includes two pieces of sub module .①The template is chosen some: The system offers the template to user and chooses the interface, let users choose the templates used from the template storehouse according to the need.②The template is dealt with some: According to template that user choose, system transfer designated template deal with module is it punish to go on to these template. When dealing with the label that the procedure meets in the template, offer the mutual interface to user, let user input parameter for designated label , prove system validity of label that user input. Finished the formulation of JSP page systematically finally.Webpage preview is with revising some: After the webpage was produced out, the system has offered a webpage preview window and code to user and looked over that revises the window. Through this preview window, users can look at the result of JSP page produced out in advance . If user static result of respect in page very satisfied, user can through code look over revise window revise HTML code of code. If users have further demands for the static result of the page, the system has also offered a piece of interface which transfers DreamWeaver editing machine to user, users can use it to carry on further modification and perfection to the static result of JSP page that is produced out .(2)Systematic realization1、Realization of the template storehouse and label storehouseThe planning and design of the label storehouse are essential in the whole system design, efficiency that the degree and system that are put in an position have operated that its relation has reached codes. Its planning should follow the following principle .(1) Should try one's best little including static HTML among label. To general user, the label is transparent. Users can not look over and revise labels . If include too many static HT-ML sentence in the label , will influence the modification and perfection of user's static result to the page, limit the use of the label.(2) Try one's best to raise the paying most attention to degree of the code. Is it is it is it is it is it is it get to JSP public JSP out to withdraw to use to try one's best to classify to go on to use, form labels. Do not use and realize this application repeatedly in each label . While revising and perfecting to using like this , only need to revise this label, maintenance of the easy code.(3) Facilitate users' use. While designing the label storehouse , should fully consider users' operating position , it can very easy and understanding and using labels conveniently to use the family.①Definition of the label storehouse: Define a label storehouse, must define a label storehouse and describe the file (TLD ) at first . This is a file of script based on XML, have defined the edition of XML in this file , codes used, the edition , name and definition and parameter of all labels included in this storehouse of the label storehouse of the edition of the label storehouse , JSP used describe, including the name of the label, corresponding Javas of label, description information of the label ,etc..②Realization of the label: One label first special Java type, this each must inherit TagSupports , this each is in javax. servlet. jsp. Define in tagext bag . In the labels, the parameter which includes this label initializes the subject treatment method (Handler ) of method (Set/Get ) , label and method available for making the first class label to adjust,etc..③Realization of the template : A template is that one contains JSP file that labels quoted . In order to quote the labels defined in the template , must introduce the label storehouse at first .＜％＠taglib uri＝“tag．tld”prefix＝“ctag”％＞Among them uri appoints the label storehouse to describe the route of the file ; Prefixes used when prefix appoints to quote labels.While quoting the designated label in the template , use the designated prefix while introducing the label storehouse, appoint the name of the label; It is the parameter assignment of the label.2、Systematic development environmentWhat this systematic subject procedure making is used is JBuilder 6 of Borland Company. 0, it is Front-Page2000 of Microsoft Company that the template is developed and used, what the label storehouse is developed and used is UltraEdit editing machine, what JDK is adopted is JDK1.4. The system testing environment is JRun3. 0.Java future mainstream to develop language, and Java using JSP will become major technology that Web will be developed in the future too mainly at Web. This system has adopted the label storehouse , one of the biggest characteristics of JSP, enable the general Web developer to use JSP strong dynamic page function conveniently too, develop JSP dynamic Web page of the modern techniques. Because this system adopts Java to develop, can run under the operating system of any support graphic interface , have realized complete having nothing to do with the platform. This system is easy to expand and perfect. Can consider offering the interface to user afterwards , will use the family to expand the template storehouse and label storehouse by oneself, strengthen the systematic function further.List of references：[1] Cay S. Horstmann,Gary Cornell. Java 2 key technology (CoreJava 2 ) [M ]. Beijing: Publishing house of the mechanical industry.[2] Bruce Eckel. Java programming thought (Thinking in Java ) [M ]. Beijing: Publishing house of the mechanical industry.[3] Joseph L. Weber. Java 2 programming is explained in detail (Using Java 2) [M ]. Beijing: Electronic Industry Press.[4] Borland Company. Building Applications with JBuilder.基于JSP网页自动生成工具的设计与实现Web开发技术是Internet应用的一个重要方面，而JSP又是Web开发的最先进的技术，是当前Web开发人员的首选技术。
Web-design-and-production网页设计与制作大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文
毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：网页设计与制作文献、资料英文题目：Web design and production文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：物理学（光电技术）班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14毕业论文外文资料翻译专业：物理学（光电技术）外文出处：Website Design and Construction附件：1、外文资料翻译译文；2、外文原文。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文网页设计与制作摘要论文将对个人网页设计与制作的方法、工具等展开研究和探讨。
在介绍网页设计与制作语言的基础上，着重使用JavaScript作为工具语言进行网页设计与制作的实际操作，分别对基于对象的JavaScript语言、内部对象系统的使用及WEB页面信息交互——窗口和框架进行详细描述，并利用具体的实例进行验证。
1.前言随着21世纪的到来，人们更深切地感受到计算机在生活和工作中的作用越来越重要，越来越来的职业需要具有计算机的应用技能。
掌握计算机是职业的需要，更是事业发展的需要。
网页设计与制作是计算机能力的具体表现，本章主要介绍网页设计的相关知识。
1.1 网页设计概述网站是企业向用户和网民提供信息(包括产品和服务)的一种方式,是企业开展电子商务的基础设施和信息平台，离开网站（或者只是利用第三方网站）去谈电子商务是不可能的。
企业的网址被称为“网络商标”，也是企业无形资产的组成部分，而网站是INTERNET上宣传和反映企业形象和文化的重要窗口。
1.2 网页设计的要素网页设计的两大要素是：整体风格和色彩搭配。
一、确定网站的整体风格第二章HTML网页设计技术的应用2.1 HTML语言介绍HTML（HyperText Mark-up Language）即超文本标记语言或超文本链接标示语言，是目前网络上应用最为广泛的语言，也是构成网页文档的主要语言。
HTML文本是由HTML命令组成的描述性文本，HTML命令可以说明文字、图形、动画、声音、表格、链接等。
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网页设计与制作外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)翻译：网页设计与制作摘要论文将对个人网页设计与制作的方法、工具等展开研究和探讨。
在介绍网页设计与制作语言的基础上，着重使用JavaScript作为工具语言进行网页设计与制作的实际操作，分别对基于对象的JavaScript语言、内部对象系统的使用及WEB页面信息交互——窗口和框架进行详细描述，并利用具体的实例进行验证。
1.前言随着21世纪的到来，人们更深切地感受到计算机在生活和工作中的作用越来越重要，越来越来的职业需要具有计算机的应用技能。
掌握计算机是职业的需要，更是事业发展的需要。
网页设计与制作是计算机能力的具体表现，本章主要介绍网页设计的相关知识。
1.1 网页设计概述网站是企业向用户和网民提供信息(包括产品和服务)的一种方式,是企业开展电子商务的基础设施和信息平台，离开网站（或者只是利用第三方网站）去谈电子商务是不可能的。
企业的网址被称为“网络商标”，也是企业无形资产的组成部分，而网站是INTERNET 上宣传和反映企业形象和文化的重要窗口。
1.2 网页设计的要素网页设计的两大要素是：整体风格和色彩搭配。
一、确定网站的整体风格第二章HTML网页设计技术的应用2.1 HTML语言介绍HTML（HyperText Mark-up Language）即超文本标记语言或超文本链接标示语言，是目前网络上应用最为广泛的语言，也是构成网页文档的主要语言。
HTML文本是由HTML命令组成的描述性文本，HTML命令可以说明文字、图形、动画、声音、表格、链接等。
HTML的结构包括头部（Head）、主体（Body）两大部分，其中头部描述浏览器所需的信息，而主体则包含所要说明的具体内容。
2.1.1 HTML语言的特点HTML文档制作不是很复杂，且功能强大，支持不同数据格式的文件镶入，这也是WWW盛行的原因之一，HTML语言的特点如下：1、简易性，HTML版本升级采用超集方式，从而更加灵活方便。
2、可扩展性，HTML语言的广泛应用带来了加强功能，增加标识符等要求，HTML采取子类元素的方式，为系统扩展带来保证。
3、平台无关性。
虽然PC机大行其道，但使用MAC等其他机器的大有人在，HTML可以使用在广泛的平台上，这也是WWW盛行的另一个原因。
2.1.2 HTML语言的编辑软件HTML的本质是文本，需要浏览器的解释，HTML的编辑器大体可以分为三种：1、基本编辑软件，使用WINDOWS自带的记事本或写字版都可以编写，当然，如果你用WPS来编写，也可以。
不过存盘时请使用.htm或.html作为扩展名，这样浏览器就可以解释执行了。
2、半所见即所得软件，这种软件能大大提高开发效率，它可以使你在很短的时间内做出Homepage，且可以学习HTML，这种类型的软件主要有HOTDOG，还有国产的软件网页作坊。
3、所见即所得软件，使用最广泛的编辑器，完全可以一点不懂HTML的知识就可以做出网页。
第二章HTML网页设计技术的应用2.2.3 JavaScript技术在网页设计中应用一、JavaScript概述JavaScript是一种基于对象(Object)和事件驱动(Event Driven)并具有安全性能的脚本语言。
使用它的目的是与HTML超文本标记语言、Java 脚本语言（Java小程序）一起实现在一个Web页面中链接多个对象，与Web客户交互作用。
从而可以开发客户端的应用程序等。
它是通过嵌入或调入在标准的HTML语言中实现的。
它的出现弥补了HTML 语言的缺陷，它是Java与HTML折衷的选择，具有以下几个基本特点：1、是一种脚本编写语言JavaScript是一种脚本语言，它采用小程序段的方式实现编程。
像其它脚本语言一样,JavaScript同样已是一种解释性语言,它提供了一个易的开发过程。
它的基本结构形式与C、C++、VB、Delphi十分类似。
但它不像这些语言一样，需要先编译，而是在程序运行过程中被逐行地解释。
它与HTML标识结合在一起，从而方便用户的使用操作。
2、基于对象的语言。
JavaScript是一种基于对象的语言，同时以可以看作一种面向对象的。
这意味着它能运用自己已经创建的对象。
因此，许多功能可以来自于脚本环境中对象的方法与脚本的相互作用。
3、简单性JavaScript的简单性主要体现在：首先它是一种基于Java基本语句和控制流之上的简单而紧凑的设计, 从而对于学习Java是一种非常好的过渡。
其次它的变量类型是采用弱类型，并未使用严格的数据类型。
4、安全性JavaScript是一种安全性语言，它不允许访问本地的硬盘，并不能将数据存入到服务器上，不允许对网络文档进行修改和删除，只能通过浏览器实现信息浏览或动态交互。
从而有效地防止数据的丢失。
5、动态性的JavaScript是动态的，它可以直接对用户或客户输入做出响应，无须经过Web服务程序。
它对用户的反映响应，是采用以事件驱动的方式进行的。
所谓事件驱动，就是指在主页(Home Page)中执行了某种操作所产生的动作，就称为“事件”(Event)。
比如按下鼠标、移动窗口、选择菜单等都可以视为事件。
当事件发生后，可能会引起相应的事件响应。
6、跨平台性JavaScript是依赖于浏览器本身，与操作环境无关，只要能运行浏览器的计算机，并支持JavaScript的浏览器就可正确执行。
从而实现了“编写一次,走遍天下”的梦想。
实际上JavaScript最杰出之处在于可以用很小的程序做大量的事。
无须有高性能的电脑，软件仅需一个字处理软件及一浏览器，无须WEB服务器通道，通过自己的电脑即可完成所有的事情。
总之，JavaScript 是一种新的描述语言，它可以被箝入到HTML 的文件之中。
JavaScript语言可以做到回应使用者的需求事件(如：form的输入) ，而不用任何的网路来回传输资料，所以当一位使用者输入一项资料时，它不用经过传给伺服端(server)处理，再传回来的过程，而直接可以被客户端(client) 的应用程式所处理。
第三章WEB页面信息的交互——窗体与框架要实现网页的动态交互，必须掌握有关窗体对象（Form）和框架对象（Frames）更为复杂的知识。
3.1窗体基础知识窗体对象可以使设计人员能用窗体中不同的元素与客户机用户相交互，而用不着在之前首先进行数据输入，就可以实现动态改变Web文档的行为。
3.1.1窗体对象窗体（Form）：它构成了Web页面的基本元素。
通常一个Web页面有一个窗体或几个窗体，使用Forms[]数组来实现不同窗体的访问。
3.1.2 窗体对象的方法窗体对象的方法只有一个--submit()方法，该方法主要功用就是实现窗体信息的提交。
3.1.3 窗体对象的属性窗体对象中的属性主要包括以下：elements name action target encoding method。
除Elements外，其它几个均反映了窗体中标识中相应属性的状态，这通常是单个窗体标识；而elements常常是多个窗体元素值的数组。
3.1.4 访问窗体对象在JavaScript中访问窗体对象可由两种方法实现：（1）通过访问窗体在窗体对象的属性中首先必须指定其窗体名，而后就可以通过下列标识访问窗体如：document.Mytable()。
（2）通过数组来访问窗体除了使用窗体名来访问窗体外，还可以使用窗体对象数组来访问窗体对象。
但需要注意一点，因窗体对象是由浏览器环境的提供的，而浏览器环境所提供的数组下标是由0到n。
3.1.5 引用窗体的先决条件在JavaScript中要对窗体引用的条件是：必须先在页面中用标识创建窗体，并将定义窗体部分放在引用之前。
3.2 窗体中的基本元素窗体中的基本元素由按钮、单选按钮、复选按钮、提交按钮、重置按钮、文本框等组成。
在JavaScript中要访问这些基本元素，必须通过对应特定的窗体元素的数组下标或窗体元素名来实现。
每一个元素主要是通过该元素的属性或方法来引用。
3.3框架框架Frames最主要功用是"分割"视窗，使每个"小视窗"能显示不同的HTM L文件，不同框架之间可以互动(interact)，这就是说不同框架之间可以交换讯息与资料。
例如:假设您开了两个frames，第一个frame可显示书的目录，第二个frame则显示章节的具体内容。
框架可以将屏幕分割成不同的区域，每个区域有自己的URL，通过Frames[]数组对象来实现不同框架的访问。
实际上框架对象本身也一类窗口，它继承了窗口对象的所有特征，并拥有所有的属性和方法。
利用框架的例子具体说明3.4 框架的访问在前面我们介绍过使用document.forms[]实现单一窗体中不同元素的访问。
而要实现框架中多窗体的不同元素的访问，则必须使用window对象中的Frames属性。
Frames属性同样也是一个数组，他在父框架集中为每一个子框架设有一项。
3.5 本章小结本章主要介绍框架中的基本元素的主要功能和使用，利用JavaScript脚本可以非常方便、灵活地实现Web页面更为复杂的信息交互，这是HTML标识语言所不能具备的。
从中可以了解到JavaScript是Web涉及人员的良好工具。
原文：Web design and productionSummaryPapers will expand the personal web design and production methods, tools and other research and discussion. Based on the introduction of web design and production of language, the emphasis on using the JavaScript language as a tool for the actual operation of web design and production of, respectively, based on the object of the JavaScript language, the use of internal object system and WEB pages of information exchange - windows and frameworks Detailed description of the use of specific examples and verified.1. IntroductionWith the advent of the 21st century, people are more and more important to feel the life and work of the computer's role in the increasingly professional needs to have a computer application skills deeply. Is required to master the computer profession, but also career development needs. Web design and production is a concrete manifestation of the ability of a computer, this chapter introduces the relevant knowledge of web design.1.1 Web Design OverviewWebsite is a way businesses and users to provide information (including products and services) to the user, is the enterprise e-commerce infrastructure and information platform, leave the site (or just use a third-party site) is not possible to talk about e-commerce . Corporate web site called "network brand", also part of intangible assets, and the site is an important window of publicity and reflect the corporate image and culture on the INTERNET.Web Design Elements 1.2Two elements of web design are: overall style and color matching. First, determine the overall style of the siteApplication chapter HTML web design technology2.1 HTML language descriptionHTML (HyperText Mark-up Language) ie, HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, is currently the most widely used language network, but also constitute the primary language of the document pages.HTML text is composed by HTML commands descriptive text, HTML commands can explain text, graphics, animation, sound, tables, links, and so on. HTML structure includes a head (Head), the specific content of the body (Body) into two parts, of which the head of the description of the browser you want, and the body contains the desired note.Features 2.1.1 HTML languageHTML document production is not very complex and powerful, supporting different data file formats insert, which is one of the reasons for the prevalence of WWW, HTML language characteristics are as follows:1, simplicity, HTML version upgrade using a superset of the way, which is more flexible and convenient.2, scalability, widely used in HTML language brings to strengthen capabilities and increase identifiers and other requirements, HTML elements take the form of a subclass, bring assurance system expansion.3, platform independence. While the PC is popular, but the use of MAC and other machines out there, HTML can be used on a wide range of platforms, and this is another reason for the prevalence of WWW.2.1.2 HTML language editing softwareHTML is the essence of the text, you need to explain your browser, HTML editor can be roughly divided into three types: 1, the basic editing software, using WINDOWS notepad or write version can be written, of course, if you use WPS to write, you can. However, please use .htm or .html as the extension, so the browser can interpret save when executed.2, semi-WYSIWYG software, which can greatly improve development efficiency, it can make you make a Homepage in a very short period of time, and you can learn HTML, this type of software has HOTDOG, as well as domestic Software web workshop.3, WYSIWYG software, the most widely used editor, can understand a little HTML knowledge can make pages.Application chapter HTML web design technology2.2.3 JavaScript technology in web designOne, JavaScript OverviewJavaScript is an object-based (Object) and event-driven (Event Driven) and safety performance have scripting language. Its purpose is to use HTML and HTML, Java scripting language (Java applet) link together to achieve multiple objects in a Web page, the Web client interactions. Which can develop client applications. It is by embedding or transferred in standard HTML language implemented. It appears to make up for the shortcomings of HTML language, which is a compromise choice for Java and HTML, has the following basic characteristics:1, is a scripting languageJavaScript is a scripting language, which uses a small way to block implementation of programming. Like other scripting languages, JavaScript is an interpreted language is also, it provides an easy development process.Its basic structure with C, C ++, VB, Delphi is very similar. But it is not like these languages, you need to compile, but is interpreted line by line in the program is running. It is combined with HTML markup, so as to facilitate the user's operation.2, object-based language.JavaScript is an object-based language, but to be seen as an object-oriented. This means that it can use objects that they have created. Therefore, many functions can be derived from the interaction of methods and scripts scripting environment object.3. SimplicitySimplicity is mainly reflected in JavaScript: First, it is a Java basic statements and control flow above the simple and compact design based on order for Java is a very good transition study. Secondly, it is the use of weakly typed variable type, did not use strict data types.4, securityJavaScript is a safe language, it does not allow access to the local hard disk, data can not be stored on the server, the network is not allowed to modify and delete documents, can only be achieved through a dynamic interactive information browsing or browser. Thus effectively prevent the loss of data.5, the dynamic nature ofJavaScript is dynamic, it can respond directly to the user or customer input, without going through the Web service program. It reflects the user's response, is the use of event-driven manner. The so-called event-driven, meaning the implementation of certain actions arising from the action on the home page (Home Page), and is called the "event" (Event). For example, pressing the mouse button, move the window, select the menu and so can be considered an event. When the event occurs, it may cause the appropriate incident response.6, cross-platformJavaScript is dependent on the browser itself, regardless of the operating environment, as long as the computer running the browser, and the browser supports JavaScript can be executed correctly. In order to achieve the "write once, everywhere" dream.In fact the most prominent place JavaScript program that can be used to do a lot of little things. No need to have a high-performance computers, software is only a word processing software and a browser without WEB server channels through their computer to complete everything.In short, JavaScript is a new description language, it can be among the clamp into the HTML file. JavaScript language can be done to respond to the needs of the user event (such as: form input) without any network transfer data back and forth, so that when auser enters a material, it does not pass through the servo end (server ) processing, and transmits it back to the process, and can be directly handled by the client (client) apps.Chapter III WEB page interaction information - Forms and FrameworkTo achieve a dynamic interactive web pages, you must master the form object (Form) and the frame object (Frames) more complex knowledge.3.1 Form BasicsForm object allows designers can form different elements interact with client users, and do not need to carry out before the first data entry, you can dynamically change the behavior of Web documents.3.1.1 Form objectForm (Form): It constitutes the basic element of a Web page. Usually a Web page has a form or several forms, using Forms [] array to achieve different forms of access. Methods 3.1.2 Form objectThe method of the form object is only one --submit () method, which main function is to achieve a form of information submitted.3.1.3 Form object propertiesForm object properties include the following: elements name action target encoding method. In addition Elements addition, several other forms of state are reflected in the corresponding attribute identifier, which is usually a form of individual identification; and the array elements are often more than one form element values.3.1.4 Access form objectAccess form object in JavaScript by two methods: (1) the form by visitingFirst, you must specify the name of the form in the property of a form object, and after you can access the form by following identifies as: document.Mytable ().(2) to access the form by the arrayIn addition to using the form name to access the form, you can also use the form to access the form object array of objects. But note that, due to the form object is toprovide a browser environment, and the array subscript browser environment provided is from 0 to n.3.1.5 references prerequisite formConditions in JavaScript want to form reference is: you must first create a form on the page to identify with, and forms part of the place before the reference definition.3.2 The basic elements of the formForm the basic elements of the buttons, radio buttons, check buttons, submit buttons, reset buttons, text boxes and other components.In JavaScript you want to access these basic elements must be achieved through a specific form elements corresponding array subscript or form element names. Each element is referenced by major property or method of the element.3.3 FrameworkFrame Frames main function is to "split" the window, so that each "small window" can show different HTM L files, interaction between different frameworks (interact), which means you can exchange messages and data between different frameworks. For example: Suppose you opened two frames, the first frame of the book catalog can be displayed, and the second frame displays specific content sections.Framework can be divided into different areas of the screen, each region has its own URL, through Frames [] array of objects to achieve access to different frameworks. Frame object itself is actually a class of window, it inherits all the characteristics of a window object, and has all the attributes and methods. Specific examples illustrate the use of the frameworkAccess Framework 3.4In front of us had to use document.forms [] to access the different elements to achieve a single form. In order to achieve access to the different elements of the framework of multi-form, you must use the window object Frames property. Frames property is also an array, he focused on the parent frame for each sub-frame is provided with one.`网页设计与制作外文翻译文献1。