武大研究生英语期末考试英译汉重点句子
Unit oneStumbling block in intercultural communication1 在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
It’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling block in international communication.7 本国居民可能会被灌输有这种期望：既然外国人穿着合适，并且能说一些本国话，那么他或她也有同样的非语言的准则、想法和感觉。
The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that ,since the foreign person is dressed appropriately and speak some of the language,he or she will also have similar nonverbal codes ,thoughts and feelings.8 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。
A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context.11 先入为主和程式化思维的现象第四个绊脚石是先入为主的观念和程式思维现象。
如果我们对日本人先有了“难以理解的”成见，那么我们就会如此地解释始终挂在日本人脸上的不合时宜的微笑。
阿拉伯人“易激动的”程式化形象，会导致美国学生与他们保持距离，或是当一群活泼的热闹的来自中东地区的人们聚集在一起时，美国学生甚至会提醒当局当心。
如果一位教授认为来自印度尼西亚、墨西哥和一些其他国家的每名学生都“爱讨价还价”，那么可能会不公平地把这些国际学生的迟疑或请求理解为他们试图利用优先对待。
The presence of preconception and stereotypesThe fourth stumbling block is the presence of preconceptions and stereotypes. If the label “inscrutable” has preceded the Japanese guest, it is thus we explain the Japanese constant and inappropriate smile. The stereotype that Arabs are “inflammable”may cause the US students to keep their distance or even alert authorities when an animated and noisy group from the Middle East gathers. A professor who expects everyone from Indonesia, Mexico,and many other countries to “bargain”may unfairly interpret a hesitation or request from an international student as a move to manipulate preferential treatment.15 我却对他迷惑的表情大为一怔，猛然意识到要不是我之前出席过那场研讨会，不然也肯定也会认为今天这多云的天气不那么好，从而也会和团里其他美国游客一样，认同了这位导游的“幽默感”。
I winced at his bewildered expression, realizing that had I come before attending the conference I , also evaluating the weather as “ not very good,” would have shared the group’s inference that he could not be serious.17 适度的兴奋和积极的态度可以使人满怀精力去应对挑战，但是由于适度的压力不断积累造成高度的兴奋，就会很快耗尽身体储备的能量；不论这个人是否愿意，必然会产生防备心理。
Moderate arousal and positive attitudes prepare one to meet challenges with energy , but high arousal caused by a buildup of continued moderate stress, depletes the body’s energy reserve quickly and defense must be used whether or not the person wills it.18 两者之中国外人感到更大的威胁。
他们感到陌生，易受伤害，对于铺头盖脑而来的大量信息，措手无策。
除非他们采取防卫措施，比如回到他们自己的群体或自我当中，剔除或忽视这种刺激，或者变得具有攻击性或抱有敌意，否则他们的自尊所受到伤害会达到不可忍受的地步。
这些防卫中的任何一种都不会带来积极有效的交流。
The foreign members of dyads are even more threatened. They feel strange and vulnerable ,helpless to cope with messages that swamp them. Their self-esteem is often intolerably undermined unless they employ such defenses as withdrawal into their own reference group or into themselves, screening out or misperceiving stimuli, or becoming aggressive or hostile. None of these defenses leads to effective communication.Unit threeHow to cook a stepfamily1 搅拌混合机式：这种心态认为把所有的原料放在一起搅拌混合，最后变成一种均匀的的混合物。
Blender. This mentality assumes all ingredients can be whipped together into one smooth mixture.2 对继父或继母来说，和一个继子女有着亲密的关系，正在和另一个继子女建立关系，还和年纪较大的那个继子女有一定距离，这些都是很正常的。
It is quite normal for a stepparents to have close bonds with one stepchild, be working on bonds with another, while experiencing a distant relationship with an older child.13 什么是你的方式呢？那么，如果所有这些整合方式一般都没有什么帮助，那应该采用哪种方法呢？我推荐一种瓦罐煨汤式的方法。
选择这种方式的继亲家庭明白，时间和低温能导致一种有效的融合。
所有的原料都被一起放到同一个瓦罐里，但每一种原料保持完整，以确保其独一无二的原始品质和特性。
慢慢地并用心地去煨，低温加热会让所有的原料开始彼此接触。
当原料的汁液开始流到一起，瑕疵被净化掉，每种原料中有益的、令人满意的品质都添加到了口味里，结果就成为一道由不同原料构成的美味的菜肴，这些原料用倾其自身的精华创造出一件奇妙的作品。
What’s your style? So if all of these integration styles are generally not helpful, what style should be used? I recommend a Crockpot cooking style. Stepfamilies choosing this style understand that time and low heat make for an effective combination. Integration are thrown together in the same pot, but each is left intact,giving affirmation to its unique origin and characteristics. Slowly and with much intention, the low-level heat brings the ingredients into contact with one another. As the juices begin to flow together , imperfections are purified, and the beneficial, desirable qualities of each ingredient are added to the taste. The result is a dish of delectable flavor made up of different ingredients that give off themselves to produce a wondrous creation.15 继亲家庭需要时间来适应新的居住条件，新的父母家教风格，规矩和责任。
研究生期末考试汉译英
研究生期末考试汉译英第一套试题Section B1.他期末得了一个A。
He finished out the semester with an A.2.我都不知道自己是怎么拿到高中文凭的。
I don't know how I ever got a high-school diploma.3.尽管有这些困难，他们还是决定把接受教育放在首位。
In spite of these difficulties, they have decided to make education a priority.4.让学生不及格，作为一种常规手段，其优点在今天依然和两代之前一样多。
Flunking as a regular policy has just as much merit today as it did two generations ago.5.这是一个在过去有效，在今天也会有效的政策。
This is a policy that worked in the past and can work today.第二套试题Section B1.比如说，人人都一致认为与家人共度更多时间是人们幸福的关键。
For example, everyone would agree that spending more time with family is crucial to happiness.2.人们花在因特网上的时间越长，与真人交往的时间就越短。
The more hours people use the Internet, the less time they spend with real human beings.3.电子邮件，我们不能靠它生活但离开它也不行。
E-mail .Can’t live with it, can’t live without it.4.在进步教育的影响下，让学生了解历史事实、数学、地理似乎都不如感觉重要。
研究生英语期末考试(学霸笔记版)
n. 用蒸汽加压煮出的浓咖啡
inspire
v.激发,启示
探索的魔力会激励我们的年轻人去学习数学、科学以及工程学，并为我们培养出新一代的改革者和开拓者。
foray
v. 冒险的尝试,涉足…,突袭
一回到英国，他就利用媒体的高知名度，作为进入政坛的踏板。
brew
v.酿酒,冲泡
k
v.抗拒,抵抗,美元
All in all
总而言之,头等重要的事
At the rate of
以…速度/比例
未来是这样一件东西，每个人都以每小时六十分钟的速度朝它走去，不管他做什么，也不管他是谁。
Drop out
退出,退学,脱离
The Marathon runners raced ahead in the early stages of the race but he had overplayed his hand and had todrop outexhausted with only three miles to go.
Grid
n.电网
Murky
adj.黑暗的，朦胧的，阴郁的
Murky=gloomy
Innovative
adj.革新的，创新的
Malicious
adj.蓄意的，恶毒的
Malicious=hostile
chimera
n.嵌合体，虚构的怪物
Imminent
adj.即将到来的，迫近的
Imminent=impending
dedicated
adj.专注的,献身的
Dedicated=devoted
encompass
v. 包含,环绕,完成
Encompass=include
研究生口笔译期末考试句子翻译复习-英译汉
1.Since we are through with the customs formalities, we feel rather released.我们办完了海关手续，感觉如释重负。
2.Repeated failures at making experiments may be too much for many talented would-be scientists.在实验过程中屡遭失败，对于许多有天赋的将要成为科学家的人来说可能是难以承受的。
3.Despite our efforts at quality-oriented education, many teachers and parents are still keen on marks.尽管我们努力推进素质教育,许多老师和家长还是热衷于分数。
4.Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool.人们发现钻孔速度与工具所受的净压力成正比。
5.They build roads, houses, bridges, ships, pipelines, and canals.他们修路、盖房、架桥、造船、铺管道、挖运河。
6.The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that ofcurrent.电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：后者是电压的单位，前者是电流的单位。
7. A new kind of aircraft—small, cheap, pilotless—is attracting increasing attention.一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意—这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
武汉大学研究生英语英汉互译全部内容汇编
汉译英1、走社会主义道路，就是要逐步实现共同富裕。
共同富裕的构想是这样的：一部分地区有条件先发展起来，一部分地区发展慢点，先发展起来的地区带动后发展的地区，最终达到共同富裕……解决的办法之一，就是先富起来的地区多交点利税，支持贫困地区的发展。
翻译：To take the road of socialism is to realize common prosperity step by step. Our plan is as follow: where conditions permit, some areas may develop faster than others; those that develop faster can help promote the progress of those that lag behind, until all become prosperous… One way is for the areas that become prosperous first to support the poor ones by paying more taxes or turning in more profits to the state.2、要提倡科学，靠科学才有希望。
翻译：We must promote science, for that is where our hope lies.3、现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素翻译：China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development.4、社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
武大研究生英语教材课后翻译汉译英
武⼤研究⽣英语教材课后翻译汉译英1.中国和欧洲是两⼤战略⼒量，肩负推动全球经济发展、促进⼈类⽂明进步、维护世界和平的崇⾼使命，双⽅正在形成不断放⼤的战略交集。
中国是最⼤的新兴市场国家，欧盟是最⼤的发达经济体，"最⼤"与"最⼤"交融,⼀切都有可能，"新兴"与"发达"携⼿，优势就会倍增，中欧在新兴和发达经济体合作中可以成为典范。
China and Europe are two major strategic forces. We both undertake the lofty mission of promoting global economy, advancing human civilization and progress and safeguarding world peace. The two sides are expanding their converging strategic interests. China is the largest emerging market and the EU the largest developed economy. Nothing is impossible when the two "largests" converge.And strength will be multiplied if the "emerging" meets the "developed".China-EU cooperation may serve as a fine example of that between the emerging and developed economies.2.近40年的中欧关系，已由⼀棵⼩苗长成枝繁叶茂的⼤树，这棵树上挂满了累累果实。
武汉大学研究生英语unit1、3、4、5、7原文及译文.doc
Unit One stumbling blocks in interculturalcommunication跨文化交流中的绊脚石1．为什么我们与来自其它文化的人们的交流总是充满了误会、让人感到沮丧呢？令很多人奇怪的是，即使怀着良好的愿望、使用自己认为是友好的方式，甚至有互利的可能性，也似乎都不足以保证交流的成功。
有时候，出现排斥现象正是因为一方所属的文化群体团体是“不同” 的。
在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
2．相似性的假设为什么误解或反对会产生呢？这个问题的一个回答就是，大部分的人天真地认为世界上的人有足够的相似之处，可以让我们成功地交流信息或感受，解决共同关注的一些问题，加强商业关系，或者只是产生我们所希望产生的印象。
所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
相信“人就是人”和“我们在本质是相似的，”这让人感到心安理得，但是下定决心去寻找证据却只会令人失望。
3．力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合 ,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
带来这种情绪感受的情形也因文化而异，例如：由于崇拜的文化信仰不同，一个心爱的人死亡可能带来欢乐、悲哀或其他情感。
4．因为似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
如果我们认识到我们受文化的约束，受文化的改变，那么我们就会受这一现实：因为各自不同，我们确实不太清楚其他人“是”什么样的。
研究生期末考试英译汉
研究生期末考试英译汉第一套试题Section A1.Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaninglessdiplomas.今年将有好几万的十八岁青年毕业，他们都将被授予毫无意义的文凭。
2.They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.他们还将发现他们被我们的教育体系欺骗了。
3.Early in each session I ask my students to write about an unpleasant experience they had inschool.每学期开始的时候，我会让我的学生写一下他们在学校的不快体验。
4.That is to reveal the trump card of failure.这个办法就是亮出失败的王牌。
5.I regained my composure and managed to say that I thought she was right.我恢复镇定，艰难地表示我认为她是对的。
第二套试题Section A1.Well-being, not just wealth, should mark the progress of our societies.人们的身心健康与快乐，并非财富，才是我们社会进步的标志。
2.Any time when you have something that is difficult to say ,e-mail can make it easier.每当你有什么难以开口的事要说，写个电子邮件会使之变得简单的多。
3.Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaninglessdiplomas.今年将有好几十万的十八岁青年毕业，他们将被授予毫无意义的文凭。
研究生英语翻译考试重点
英译汉：pyramid marketing11.The Microsoft’s rise to prominence set off an explosion in demand for all things digital and sparked the Internet boom, because every investor looked at the Internet and concluded that if everything was going to be digitized –data, inventories, commerce, books and entertainment –and transported and sold on the Internet, the demand for Internet-based products and services would be infinite. This led to the dot-com stock bubble and a massive overinvestment in the fiber-optic cable needed to carry all the new digital information. As a result, some companies tumbled and some were struggling to stay in business. Keep in mind that cyberspace promises both opportunities and high risks.Go broke become bankrupt12.The purchase process is initiated when a consumer becomes aware of a need. This awareness maystem from an internal source such as starvation or an external source such as TVcommercials or promotions. Awareness of such a need motivates the consumer to search for information about options with which to fulfill the need. This information is available from varied sources. Once alternatives have been identified through these sources, consumers evaluate the options, paying particular attention to those attributes the consumer considers vital. To attract more regular customers, many companies continue to communicate with their customers after a purchase in an effort to influence post-purchase satisfaction and behavior.13. A tiny second moon may once have orbited Earth before catastrophically slamming into the other one, a titanic clash that could explain why the two sides of the surviving lunar satellite are so different. This second moon, about 750 miles wide, could have formed from the same collisionbetween the planet and a Mars-sized object that scientists suspect helped create the moon we see today. The gravitational tug of war between the Earth and moon slowed the rate at which it whirls, such that it now always shows just one side to Earth. The far side of the moon, which remained a mystery the Soviet spacecraft first snapped photos of it, is sometimes erroneously called the dark side, even though it has days and nights just like the near side.14.Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated soil erosion. In some cases, the loose soil is blown completely away, leaving a stony surface. In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized partic les are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand. Desertification in most areas results primarily from human activities rather than from natural processes. The semi-dry lands bordering desert exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures. Expanding populations are subjecting the land to increasing pressures to provide them with food and water. The pressure on the land is often far in excess of its diminished capacity.15. These struggling college graduates sleep in boxy rooms crammed into dark low-rises and spend hours commuting to work on crowded buses as part of a trend of poorer white-collar workers being forced to the fringes of China's wealthiest cities. They swarm out of their cramped accommodations and head to work in the urban sprawl each morning like worker insects in a colony. Not surprisingly, they are often referred to as China's ant tribe. As high property prices and dim career prospects frustrate the ambitions of many graduates for a comfortable middle-class lifestyle, the rising number of graduates living on the brink of poverty could become a socio-economic challenge for the government, whose biggest fear is that economic stagnation could fuel discontent among educated urban classes.12.作为一种流行的娱乐形式，小说的功能与教材不同。
武汉大学硕士英语读思研英译汉重点句子
读思研英译汉重点句子第一课：1. 所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
(段二倒6排)The tendency for all people to reproduce, group into families or societies, develop a language ,and adapt to their environment is particularly deceiving because it leads to the expectation that the forms of these behaviors and the attitudes and values surrounding them will also be similar.2. 力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的表情，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合，我们人类成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(段三正1句)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.3. 由于似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
研究生研一英语期末考试中翻英汇总
汉译英unit11、当今的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的。
（estabish oneself）Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future.2、一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。
所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我。
（transcend）A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.3、我们强烈地希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要作用。
（reveal ）We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.4. 四年的本科学习班是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的。
(go unchallenged)We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.5.对一个关键问题作结论时，如果只是相信所谓专家的意见而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果、不根据数据、那是冒险。