高考英语长难句粉碎分析详解
2025年高考英语常见长难句知识点分析
2025年高考英语常见长难句知识点分析高考英语一直是众多学子关注的重点科目，而其中的长难句更是让不少同学感到头疼。
随着时间的推移，到 2025 年，高考英语的考察形式和重点或许会有所变化，但长难句的重要性仍不会降低。
接下来，咱们就一起来深入分析一下 2025 年高考英语中常见的长难句知识点。
一、长难句的定义与特点长难句，顾名思义，就是句子比较长、结构比较复杂的句子。
它们通常包含多个从句、短语、插入语等成分，使得句子的意思理解起来具有一定的难度。
其特点主要有以下几个方面：1、词汇量大：往往会运用一些较为高级、生僻的词汇，增加理解的难度。
2、句式复杂：从句嵌套、非谓语动词的大量使用等，让句子结构变得错综复杂。
3、逻辑关系紧密：需要我们理清句子内部各成分之间的逻辑关系，才能准确把握句意。
二、长难句的常见类型1、复合句（1）定语从句：这是高考英语长难句中常见的类型之一。
例如：The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting （“which I bought yesterday”为定语从句，修饰先行词“book”）（2）状语从句：When he came in, I was reading a book （“When he came in”为时间状语从句）（3）名词性从句：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
如：What he said is true （“What he said”为主语从句）2、非谓语动词结构（1）动词不定式：To learn English well, we need to practice more （“To learn English well”作目的状语）（2）动名词：Playing basketball is my favorite sport （“Playing basketball”作主语）（3）分词：Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful （“Seen from the top of the mountain”为过去分词短语作状语）3、插入语常见的插入语有：indeed, surely, however, fortunately 等。
2023年高考英语真题解析 阅读理解长难句分析
2023年高考英语真题解析阅读理解长难句分析Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.接下来进行分析解释。
长难句解析：这个句子虽然看起来长而且结构复杂，但是实际上它的结构清晰明了。
第一步：理出来句子的主次，以做到主次分明。
represented之前是主干，主干是一个主系表结构。
represented之后是次要部分。
主干的内容是：Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book. 意思是：《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》颂扬的是书籍这一日常物品。
主干理解疑难点：1，英语没有专门的书名号，书籍名称、文章名称，电影名称等等需要用斜体表示出来。
当然这篇文章后面也明确提到了这是一本书（book of books关于书籍的书）。
2 celebration表示：庆祝，庆典，还可以表示颂扬。
这里意思不是庆祝书籍，而是颂扬书籍的意思。
第二步，理解句子次要的修饰部分：represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.意思是：这种颂扬体现在《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里面，书里面有来自世界各地博物馆约300件艺术作品。
二，次要部分理解疑难点：1，represent的意思很多，可以表示：代表，体现，展示。
这里represented是过去分词表示被动，意思是：对书籍的颂扬被这些艺术作品体现了出来。
2，这个句子中的here（这里）到底是哪里？实际上，here(这里)指的是这本书。
高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法
高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法是指在高考英语考试中，经典的长难句结构和其中关键词汇的用法。
在分析长难句结构时，需要对句子的主干和从句进行分析，弄清楚从句与主句的逻辑关系。
同时，还需注意从句中的定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等的使用。
在词汇用法方面，需要注意一些经典的短语搭配、固定搭配和词义辨析等。
以下是一些常见的经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法：1.分析长难句结构：A. 定语从句：用来修饰前面的名词或代词，一般使用关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）引导。
例句：The boy who is reading over there is my brother.B. 状语从句：用来表示时间、原因、条件、结果等，一般使用连词（when, while, since, because, if, unless, so that）引导。
C. 名词性从句：用来作主语、宾语、表语等，一般使用连词（that, whether, if, what, who）引导。
例句：What he said is very important.2.重点词汇用法：A. 短语搭配：要熟悉一些常见的短语搭配，如make up, take place, break down等。
例句：I need to make up my mind before making a decision.B. 固定搭配：要掌握一些固定的词语搭配，如keep in mind, take into account, depend on等。
例句：You should keep in mind that practice makes perfect.C. 词义辨析：要注意一些词义相近但用法不同的词语，如affect和effect, accept和except, advice和advise等。
例句：The medicine will have an effect on your health.。
高考英语长难句分析与基础语法知识点突破
高考英语长难句分析与基础语法知识点突破在高考英语中，长难句的理解和基础语法知识点的掌握对于取得高分至关重要。
很多同学在面对复杂的长难句时感到困惑，对基础语法的运用也不够熟练，这直接影响了阅读理解、写作等多个板块的得分。
接下来，让我们深入探讨一下高考英语中的长难句分析和基础语法知识点的突破方法。
一、长难句分析长难句之所以让同学们感到头疼，主要是因为它们通常包含较多的修饰成分、从句以及复杂的句式结构。
要攻克长难句，首先要学会划分句子成分。
（一）找出句子的主干句子的主干通常包括主语、谓语和宾语。
例如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting” 这个句子中，“The book”是主语，“is”是谓语，“interesting”是表语。
而“that I bought yesterday”则是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“book”。
（二）分析从句高考英语中常见的从句有定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等。
定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词，如“The man who is standing there i s my teacher” 中，“who is standing there”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“man”。
宾语从句在句子中作宾语，比如“I don't know what he is doing” ，“what he is doing”就是宾语从句。
状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件等，像“If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home” 这里的“If it rains tomorrow”就是一个条件状语从句。
（三）理清修饰成分修饰成分包括形容词、副词、介词短语等。
它们的作用是对句子的主干进行补充和说明。
比如，“The girl in the red dress is my sister” 中，“in the red dress”是一个介词短语，作后置定语，修饰“girl”。
根据2023年高考卷分析高考英语长难句(练习 教师版)
根据2022——2023年高考卷分析高考英语长难句（练习）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
一、长难句特征——“三长两短一并列”二、“三步法”拆句，迎刃而解长难句分析句式时,用一括{用小括号、中括号、箭头等符号标记句子的各修饰成分(如三长)}；二(画出主谓、主谓宾、主系表、主谓宾宾补、there be 句型等)；三会意(理解句意)。
结合三步法拆句清句子各部分间的关系。
△ 去繁存简抓主干无论句子多长,结构多么复杂,句子都是由一些基本成分组成的。
因此突破长难句的关键在于先找到句子的主干,再分析其他成分。
△ 借助连词/引导词划意群运用语法知识,借助连词/引导词的提示,将长句分解成若干意群,以降低理解难度△ 调整语序明句意理解句意时,应注意英、汉两种语言的差异,合理调整语序。
三、攻克三个“拦路虎”△ 非简单句●并列句：句子+并列连词(and, but, or, while, so, not only ...but also ..., either... or ...等) 十句子●主从复合句：三大从句为——定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。
△ 非谓语动词(短语)非谓语动词(短语)在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语，主要形式为：to do，doing，done。
△ 非正常语序非正常语序的句子主要指倒装句和强调句。
四、句子的分析练习（*非课标词汇）1. A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associatecertain cues with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. (2023年北京卷阅读表达)【词汇拓展】in the course of 在...的过程中pursue (v.) 追求→ (n.) pursuitassociate (v.) 联系→ (n.) association → 把...和...联系在一起associate A with B* cue(n.) n. 暗示，提示behavioural (adj.) 行为的，行为上的→ (n.) behavior → (v.) behave【句子分析】本句为主从复合句。
(完整word版)英语长难句结构分析(含高考全国13卷试题长难句)
英语长难句构造剖析 ( 含 2019 年高考全国 1-3 卷长难句 )英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其余各样句式都是由这五种基本句式变换而来。
五种基本句式以下：1 主语＋谓语 (不及物动词 )2 主语＋谓语 (及物动词 )＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语 (及物动词 )＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语 (及物动词 )＋宾语＋宾语补足语别的还有特别句式如 there be-, 重申句，倒装句等。
可是在真切的语言环境中，句子构造远非这么简单。
复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各样复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异样复杂。
高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空常常出现构造复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。
此外，新高考将包含两个写作题：读后续写(纲要写作 )和应用文写作。
在评分标准中把“全力使用较复杂语法构造”视为能否得高分的标准之一。
所以，学会剖析长难句显得分外重要。
一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是由于句子各部分红分和构造复杂，详细说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语 (介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语 )以及各样从句等。
下边分类分析：一、复杂主语包含以下情况：含有连词如 and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充任主语；同位语构造做主语等。
如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “mostlikely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior. (2019”高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连结those who...与those least liked ...做主语 )The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(难过) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式 to do 构造做主语 )Connecting to the community （社区） as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’tfor casual conversation.(2018 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解 D) (-ing 形式做主语 )What you needis a great teacher who lets you make mistakes(2019. 高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解 B) (主语从句充任主语 )Shackleton,a onetime British merchant -navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016 全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语构造做主语 )二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分开Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C. , influenced the development of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016 全国新课标甲卷阅读理解 D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion( 比率) who say they ‘ never ’ or ‘ hardly ever ’ readhas forgonefunfrom 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today. (2018”全国卷Ⅱ阅读 C)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. (2016 全国甲卷完形填空 )三、复杂表语包含非谓语动词、表语从句等。
高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例
高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例一、长句难句是如何产生的1、分支多，短语多英语句子主干是构成五种基本句型的基础：这五种结构之所以为基本结构，因为这五种结构是构成英语语句子的主干，英语长句都是通过这五种基本结构演变而来的，掌握句子五种基本结构是分析和理解英语句子的基础。
英语句子的特点是除了词可以做句子成分外，短语和句子都可以做句子成分。
就算是一个单句，如果都是以短语为句子成分，再加上句子如果分支较多的话，也可以构成比较复杂的句子。
2、分句多，从句多英语复合句可分为并列复合句与从属复合句。
并列复合句是在结构和意思上都可以相互独立的两个或多个单句构成的复合句；从属复合句是一个句子做另外一个句子的句子成分，两个句子不可以相互独立成为句子，如果两个句子拆分会导致句子意思不完整，或句子成分残缺。
在英语复合句中特别是从属复合句，从句中还可以有从句或其它并列句，有些复合既有并列句，又有从属句。
复合句也是构成英语长句难句的重要原因。
二、长句难句的分析方法长句难句的分析方法可以概括为：先主句再从句，先主干再分支。
先主句再从句就是对有从句的长句难句，先不看从句，先找出句子的主句并分析主句的句子主干，再分析从句；先主干再分枝就是先分析主句与从句的句子主干，再分析句子的分枝，句子的分支主要是指定语和状语。
三、长句难句分析实例实例1：Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.本句是含有定语从句的复合句，根据先主句再从句的分析方法，我们先去掉从句（who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908），把句子简化为：Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.再根据先主干再分支，把句子分支(主语同位语a onetime British merchant-navy officer，时间状语before his 1914 voyage，目的状语to make money from movie and still photography)都去掉，进一步简化为：Shackleton started a business.那么这个句子的几层意思就很明确了①Shackleton何许人，a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908②做了什么事，Shackleton started a business③什么时间做的，其目的为何 before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography实例2：These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.本句也是含有定语从句的复合句，根据先主句再从句的分析方法，先去掉从句（which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.），再根据先主干再分支，把句子分支（offered by the modern French Republic过去分短语做定语）去掉简化为：These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle.那么这个句子表达了两层意思：①当地市民得在传统自给自足的狩猎生活与现在生活方式之间找平衡。
2025年高考英语常见长难句知识点分析
2025年高考英语常见长难句知识点分析高考英语对于很多考生来说，长难句的理解和分析是一大难点。
在2025 年的高考中，这部分内容依旧会占据重要地位。
接下来，咱们就一起来详细剖析一下高考英语常见长难句的知识点。
长难句之所以难，主要在于其句子结构复杂、词汇量较大、语法点众多。
首先，句子结构方面，常见的有复合句、并列句等。
复合句中又包含了定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等。
定语从句在长难句中出现的频率较高。
比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“book”。
我们需要清楚关系词的使用规则，像“that”“which”“who”“whom”“whose”等，以及它们在从句中充当的成分。
状语从句也是常见的类型，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句等。
“When I was a child, I often played in the park”这就是一个时间状语从句，“When I was a child”表示时间。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
“What he said is true”这是一个主语从句，“What he said”在整个句子中充当主语。
除了从句，非谓语动词的使用也增加了长难句的难度。
比如，“The girl standing there is my sister” 这里的“standing there”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“girl”。
还有一些长难句中会包含大量的短语和固定搭配。
像“be accustomed to”（习惯于）、“be addicted to”（沉溺于）、“put up with”（忍受）等等。
如果对这些短语不熟悉，就很难准确理解句子的意思。
此外，一些特殊的句式结构也会出现在长难句中。
高考英语长难句分析(含练习及答案)
长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。
高考英语重点难点部分(长难句的结构分析与学习方法)
高考英语重点难点部分（长难句的结构分析与学习方法）1. 复杂主句在长难句中，主句可能会包含修饰成分，使得句子变得冗长。
常见的修饰成分有定语从句、状语从句等。
例子1：主语修饰句子：The student who works hard every day is likely to succeed in the future.分析：主句：The student is likely to succeed in the future。
修饰部分：who works hard every day。
这是一个定语从句，修饰主语“the student”。
意思是“那个每天努力学习的学生”，使句子变得更具体。
简化理解：可以将句子简化为“The student is likely to succeed...”，然后再加上修饰成分来增强信息量。
例子2：谓语修饰句子：She spoke softly, trying not to wake the baby who was sleeping soundly.分析：主句：She spoke softly。
修饰部分：trying not to wake the baby。
这是一个现在分词短语，说明她说话的原因或方式。
它修饰谓语“spoke softly”。
定语从句：who was sleeping soundly，修饰“the baby”，给出了更多关于“baby”的信息。
2. 嵌套从句在长难句中，多个从句会嵌套在主句中。
我们需要弄清楚每个从句的关系，才能理解整个句子的意思。
例子1：嵌套从句句子：What surprised me most was that he completed the task which we thought was impossible.分析：主句：What surprised me most was... 这里的主句是“what surprised me most”。
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高考英语长难句粉碎分析详解
In conclusion, we are only really in the initial stages of exploring space but we have come a long way since learning that the Earth is not flat and spins in an orbit around the sun.
(参考翻译)
总之，我们现在还只处于探索宇宙的初级阶段，但是自从了解到地球不是平的，并且绕着太阳公转，我们已经取得了长足的进步。
(句型分析)
全句是一个由but连接的并列句，第二分句中since learning…做时间状语修饰前面的come，并且learning还带有自己的宾语从句that…
(词语点拨)
1) in the initial stage 在初始阶段
The novel was still in the initial stage. 这部小说还处在创始阶段。
2) come a long way 有很大进步;有很大改进
We've come a long way since those early days of the project. 这项工作开始以来我们已取得很大进展。
spin [spɪn] v.(使)快速旋转;(使)急转身，猛转回头，急转弯;纺(线);纺(纱)
n.高速旋转;(飞机的)尾旋，螺旋式下坠;兜风
orbit [ˈɔːrbɪt] n.
(天体等运行的)轨道;(人、组织等的)影响范围，势力范围
v.沿轨道运行;围绕…运动
(语法点拨)
since表示“自从……以来”时的用法：
1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.自从1989年以来我就住在这儿。
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.自从五个月前以来我一直住在这儿。
3) since +从句
（1）从句中用短暂性动词的过去式，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时的，从句可以直接翻译：
Great changes have taken place since you left.
自从你离开以来发生了很大的变化。
(2)从句中用延续性动词或状态动词的过去式，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时的，从句要否定的翻译：
Great changes have taken place since you was here.
自从你离开以来发生了很大的变化。
I haven’t heard any noise since I slept.
我醒后还未听到任何声音。
I have changed my job six times since I was in Shanghai. 我离开上海以后已经换了6次工作了。
（3）从句中用动词的现在完成时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时的或一般现在时，可以直接翻译：
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here. 自从我们来到这里以来，已经过了相当长的时间。
4) It is（has been） +一段时间+ since从句(持续性动词过去式)：从句要否定的翻译，如
It has been quite some time since I was last in London. 自从上次离开伦敦以来已有相当长的时间了。
How long is it since we last went to the theatre?
我们多久没去看戏了？
It's only a year since I last saw the child and he's grown so tall.
这孩子一年不见，长这么高了。
It has been almost 5 years I taught high school students . 自从我不教高中以来差不多已经5年了。
It is（has been） +一段时间+ since从句(短暂性动词过去式)：从句要直接翻译：
It is nearly two years since I came here.
我来这儿快两年了。
5) It was +一段时间+ since从句(持续性动词过去完成时)：从句要否定翻译：
It was 3 years since we had been here.
那时我们离开在这儿已经3年了。
It was a long time since she had been to church .她很久没去教堂了。
It was some weeks now since they had had any respite from shellfire.
他们已经好几周没有在炮火中获得任何喘息的机会了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
6）It had been +一段时间+ since从句(持续性动词过去完成时),从句要否定翻译
It had been two years since I had been to the swimming baths. 我已经有两年没去过室内游泳馆了。
One bright hour with this friend is worh more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist(心理学家), who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
(句式翻译)与这样的朋友在一起一个小时对我而言胜过心理学家一生的帮助，心理学家仅能填补将要愈合的沉默，这在最黑暗的时刻是必要的，而我宁愿在这个时候独处。
(句式分析)本句包含两个定语从句，who will only fill up the healing…修饰 a psychologist，在该句中in which I would rather be my own best friend是定语从句修饰先行词moments。
(词语点拨)1) worth n.价值，用处 adj.有某种价值;值得(做某事)
The old stamp is worth about 5,000 yuan.
这张旧邮票值大概5000元。
An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
一日之季在于晨。
Tickets for a good concert are worth waiting for.
经典音乐会的门票值得等。
2) fill up 充满，填满
Shall I fill the car up (with petrol)?
要不要我给车加满汽油?
3)would rather 宁愿，宁可
She would rather die than give in.
她宁死不屈。
I would rather that you told me the truth.
我真希望你能告诉我真相。
(语法点拨)本句中who will only fill up the healing…修饰a psychologist，在该句中in which I would rather be my own best friend是定语从句修饰先行词moments;who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换; in which I would rather…引导的定语从句属于介词+关系代词，在此结构中指物只能用which。