英语单词的结构

英语单词的结构
什么是词？
词是能独立运用的、最小的、有语义的语言单位。

就其句法功能来说，词可以分为
功能词(function word)和实义词(content word)两类。

功能词指的是没有完整词汇意义但有语法意义或语法功能的词，包括________________________ 、 ________ 、__________ 、_______
_________ 、__________ 等。

实义词指的是本身有完整词汇意义的词，包括______________
英语单词是由字母拼写而成的，可以由一个字母组成一个单词，如______ ，也可以由45个字母组成一个单词，如：(n.肺尘病)。

英语单词的内部结构也不尽相同，让我们来分析以下三组词：
1. book, books, bookish, bookcase
2. tolerate, tolera nee, tolera nt, tolerati on, tolerable, in tolerable
3. teleph one, telegram, telescope, telecom muni cati on
在第一组词里，book可以再分吗？
在第二组词中，toler
ate
ance
ation
able
in
第三组例词中都有一个共同成分____________ ,意思是____________ ，-phone有声音的意思，如microphone; -gram往往表示书写或描绘出来的东西，如telegram; -scope表示"观察的仪器，…镜”，女口microscope.
从上面的分析可以看出，如果撇出能不能独立运用这一点，词就不是最小的有语义的单位，语言中最小的“语音和语义的结合体”称为"词素”(morpheme)。

上述三组词中，
除了book外，都是由两个或两个以上的词素组成的。

什么是词素？二、派生Derivation 前缀
后缀
注意：-ese, -ia n,-ist既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词-er构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。

10. The police have a plot aga inst the Preside nt. (cover)
A. tryi ng to find jobs
B. remove, get rid of ice, frost
C. of, hav ing, using imagi nati on
D. make or become sharp
E. half a circle
F. caus ing trouble
G. make rich, improve in quality, flavour, etc.
H. without limit Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the bla nks. 1. The mother didn 'know why her daughter was crying _______ . (noise) 2. He was one of the best ______ in yesterda # football match. (play) 3. Look! How _____ Kate is laugh ing! (happy) 4. It sno wed ____ l ast ni ght and now the streets are covered with sno w.(heavy) 5. Edis on was a great ____ . During his life he had many ______ . (invent) 6. More and more ____ have come to visit Chi na over these years. (foreig n ) 7. We want ________ reas ons for your failure to help. (satisfy) 8. Please give me some refere nce work. It will _____ my task. (simple) 9. The boy had the ______ of being half starved. (appear) ()1. en rich ( )2. semicircle ()3. troublesome ()4. sharpe n ()5. job-h unting ()6. limitless ( )7. imagi native ()8. defrost
11. The doctor said that Mary's mother needed an ____ .(operate)
12. She hoped that her son would become a _____ . (music)
13. Few ____ words made us excited. (speak)
14. The days on the moon get hotter than ____ water. (boil)
15. Thank you for your _______ . (kind)
16. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make
some money for their college ____ . (expensive)
17. Most international ____ letters are written in English, too. (busy)
18. The boy noticed an _____ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say
anything about it. (correct) 19. When in Rome, do as the do. (Rome)
20. The teacher was pleased with her _____ . (honest)。