word families
四级核心词汇
四级核心词汇四级核心词汇是指在英语四级考试中经常出现的词汇。
通过掌握这些核心词汇，可以提高阅读、写作和听力等各个方面的能力。
下面是关于四级核心词汇的相关参考内容。
1. Vocabulary（词汇）Vocabulary is the foundation of language learning. By expanding your vocabulary, you will be able to express yourself more accurately and understand others better. It is important to regularly practice and review new words in order to solidify your knowledge.2. Synonym（同义词）Synonyms are words that have similar meanings. By learning synonyms, you can enhance your vocabulary and avoid repetition in your writing. For example, instead of using the word "happy" repeatedly, you can use synonyms like "joyful," "elated," or "content."3. Antonym（反义词）Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings. Understanding antonyms can help you grasp the nuances of a word and improve your overall comprehension skills. For example, the antonym of "good" is "bad," and the antonym of "happy" is "sad."4. Collocation（搭配）Collocation refers to the arrangement or combination of words that often go together. Mastering collocations can make your English more natural and fluent. For example, we say "make a decision" instead of "do a decision," and "take a shower" instead of "have a shower."5. Idioms（习语）Idioms are phrases or expressions that do not have a literal meaning. Learning idioms can help you understand and communicate in a more native-like way. For example, "a piece of cake" means something is very easy, and "break a leg" is a way to wish someone good luck.6. Phrasal Verbs（短语动词）Phrasal verbs are combinations of verbs and prepositions or adverbs that have a different meaning from the individual words. Phrasal verbs are commonly used in spoken English and understanding them is essential for effective communication. For example, "give up" means to stop doing something, and "take off" means to remove or start to fly.7. Prefixes and Suffixes（前缀和后缀）Prefixes are added at the beginning of a word, and suffixes are added at the end of a word to change its meaning. Understanding common prefixes and suffixes can help you deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words. For example, "un-" is a prefix that means "not," as in "unhappy," and "-ful" is a suffix that means "full of," as in"grateful."8. Academic Words（学术词汇）Academic words are vocabulary words that are frequently used in academic or formal contexts. These words often appear in reading passages, essay prompts, and lecture materials in academic settings. Examples of academic words include "analyze," "evaluate," "interpret," and "demonstrate."9. Word Families（词族）Word families are groups of words that are derived from the same root word and share a common meaning or pattern. By understanding and studying word families, you can expand your vocabulary efficiently. For example, the word family for "inform" includes words like "informative," "information," and "misinform."10. Context Clues（上下文线索）Context clues are hints or information in the surrounding words or sentences that help you figure out the meaning of an unknown word. Being able to use context clues effectively is a valuable skill in reading comprehension. Context clues can be provided through synonyms, antonyms, examples, or explanations within the text.In conclusion, mastering the four-level core vocabulary is crucial for success in the English language proficiency test. By focusing on vocabulary, synonyms, antonyms, collocations, idioms, phrasal verbs, prefixes, suffixes, academic words, word families, andcontext clues, students can enhance their language skills and achieve better results in the four-level examination.。
AWL词表(学术词表--Academic Word List)
investment•administration•maintenance•design•obtained•restricted•conduct•
Sublist3
comments•convention•published•framework•implies•negative•dominant•illustrated•outcomes•constant•shift•deduction•ensure•specified•justification•funds•reliance•
•diversity•attached•recovery•assigned•tapes•motivation•bond•edition•nevertheless•transport•cited•fees•scope•enhanced•incorporated•instructions•subsidiary•input•
required•constitutional•analysis•distribution•function•area•approach•role•legislation•indicate•response•period•context•significant•similar•
Sublist2
community•resident•range•construction•strategies•elements•previous•conclusion•security•aspects•acquisition•features•text•commission•regulations•computer•items•consumer•achieve•final•positive•evaluation•assistance•normal•relevant•distinction•
万圣节英语词汇学习技巧分享
万圣节英语词汇学习技巧分享Halloween English Vocabulary Learning Tips万圣节英语词汇学习技巧分享Introduction:Halloween is an exciting and popular festival celebrated in many parts of the world. Originating from ancient Celtic traditions, it has evolved into a lively and colorful holiday, often associated with costumes, decorations, and sweet treats. Learning Halloween-related English vocabulary can be a fun and engaging way to enhance your language skills. In this article, we will discuss some effective techniques and tips to help you expand your Halloween vocabulary.1. Contextual Learning:One of the most effective ways to learn new vocabulary is through context. Rather than simply memorizing a list of words, try to understand the meaning and usage of words within a specific context. Read Halloween-themed stories, watch movies or documentaries, and engage in conversations with native English speakers. These activities will provide you with insights into how words are used naturally and allow you to grasp their meaning more effortlessly.2. Word Association:Associating new words with familiar ones can significantly aid in vocabulary retention. When encountering a Halloween-related word, try to find connections with words you already know. For example, when learningthe word "witch," you can associate it with the "Wizard of Oz" or other popular witches from literature. Creating mental images or using mnemonic devices can also be effective ways to strengthen these associations.3. Utilize Flashcards:Flashcards are simple yet powerful tools for vocabulary acquisition. Create your own flashcards by writing the target word on one side and the definition or a contextual sentence on the other side. You can also find numerous online platforms and mobile apps that offer digital flashcards specifically designed for language learning. Make it a habit to review these flashcards regularly to reinforce your knowledge of Halloween vocabulary.4. Learn Word Families:Understanding word families can greatly expand your vocabulary range.A word family consists of a base word and its derived forms through prefixes or suffixes. For instance, the base word "ghost" can have derived words like "ghostly," "ghostlike," or "ungodly." By learning word families, you not only acquire new words but also comprehend their subtle differences in meaning and usage.5. Explore Authentic Resources:Incorporating authentic resources into your language learning routine can be highly beneficial. Authentic resources refer to materials created for native English speakers, such as books, magazines, or online articles about Halloween. By reading and engaging with these materials, you expose yourself to genuine language usage and idiomatic expressions, thus improving your overall language proficiency.6. Play Vocabulary Games:Engaging in vocabulary games can make the learning process enjoyable and interactive. Various online platforms offer a wide range of Halloween-themed word puzzles, crosswords, or word-search games. These games not only help you practice and reinforce vocabulary but also make the learning experience entertaining and memorable.7. Create a Vocabulary Journal:Keep a vocabulary journal dedicated to Halloween-related words and phrases. Whenever you come across a new word, write it down along with its meaning, pronunciation, and an example sentence. Additionally, you can include any personal associations or visual representations that enhance your understanding and retention of the word. Regularly reviewing and revisiting your vocabulary journal will solidify your Halloween lexicon.8. Practice Speaking and Writing:Applying new vocabulary through speaking and writing exercises is crucial for consolidating your knowledge. Engage in conversations with language exchange partners or native English speakers about Halloween traditions, costumes, or spooky tales. Additionally, practice writing short paragraphs or stories using the newly acquired words. The more you use the words in context, the more comfortable and confident you will become with them.Conclusion:Expanding your Halloween-related English vocabulary can be a captivating and rewarding experience. By utilizing techniques likecontextual learning, word association, flashcards, and authentic resources, you can effectively enhance your language skills in a fun and engaging way. Remember to practice using the vocabulary in conversations and writing exercises to solidify your knowledge. Embrace the spirit of Halloween, and let the magic of language learning captivate you this festive season.。
朗文词典权威推荐-学术高频词汇表
Academic Word ListAn Introduction tothe Academic WordListAveril Coxhead, Massey University, New Zealand The Academic Word List (AWL) is a listof 570 word families that are commonly found in academic texts. This list was selected by examining a large corpus(or collection) of written academictexts and selecting thewords that occurred:1In texts from all four academic faculty sections: Arts, Commerce,Law and Science.2Over 100 times in the corpus overall. 3At least 10 times in eachacademic faculty section.4Outside the 2000 most frequentwords on Michael West’s GeneralService List (GSL). The GSLincludes everyday words such as I,house and do.These principles ensured that only words that occurred reasonably frequently in a variety of study areas were selected.The AWL targets vocabulary that occurs most often in written academic texts. These words also occur in newspapers but not as often as they do in textbooks. The AWL words appear even less in fiction. If your focus is learning academic vocabulary, you need to make sure you read academic textbooks so that you encounter these words in context.The AWL is organized into WordFamilies. Word families are made up of the ‘parent word’and ‘f amily members’. Take for example the word maximise. Its family members include inflections of the verb such as maximised,maximises and maximising as well as the noun maximum. The word family also includes the British spelling of the noun maximisation, as well as maximization, the US spelling.to recognise other family members such as maximised when you encounter themin your reading. These words areclosely related and the meaning islikely to be the same or similar. When you are looking for words in this dictionary, think about other wordfamily members too.Finally, there are some academicwords that do not have a word family. These words occur on their own anddo not have any inflections.Examples include nonetheless, so-called and behalf.The AWL is intended as a reference for students who are studying or preparing to study at a tertiary level in English. As a university lecturer,I was aware of the difficulties that students had in mastering the vocabulary necessary for writtenassignments. The AWL does not include‘content’ vocabulary for particular subjects which students obviously need to learn as well. The AWL focuses instead on the non-subject-specific vocabulary that students of any discipline will need to master in order to produce coherently-structured written assignments.The AWL covers up to 10% of the vocabulary covered in written academic texts. This means that, on average, one word in 10 in an academic textbook isin the AWL. Look at the followingextract from an academic text:EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYEnvironmental issues are trulyglobal. Many of the problems,like the releasing of CFCs intothe atmosphere, have globaleffects and require global action.Some problems link to theexploitation of global commons –the resources shared by theinternational community suchas ocean beds and the atmosphere.Sometimes small local problems,such as poisonous gases leakingfrom landfills and water pollution,are multiplied so many times inany local contexts that theybecome major world hazards.Theenvironment is a global concernrequiring global policies.If you learn the verb maximise, you will be ableThe highlighted words are all on the AWL. This sample illustrates clearly that the AWL can help with decisions about which words areimportant for you to learn if you are studying in an English-speaking country. Knowledge of academic vocabulary isvital for students studying at an English-speaking university,particularly for reading and writing.If you compare estimates of how many words a native English speaker might know by the age of 18 (approximately 18,000 to 20,000 words) and how many a learner who has had two or three hoursof schooling in English overseveral years (roughly 2000 to 3000 words depending on the language background of the student), this gap is enormous. In order to read and write successfully you need to be able to recognize as many words as possible in your textbooks and use as many as possible in your essays. The bigger your vocabulary, the more you will be able to cope with the high reading and writing demands of your studies.Academic writing tends to be quite formal in style. The vocabulary items that you use in your writing can affect the level of formality. Writers need to know whether a word can be used in a particular situation. Take for example consequent.This is marked as formal. You would probably not choose to use this word when speaking with friends but you should use it in written English totake your language to a higher level of formality. The AWL will help you tofocus on issues of formality. Look out for the formal label in this dictionary. Remember that the AWL covers approximately 10% of all vocabulary ina piece of academic writing. You should aim to have roughly the same percentage in your own academic writing too. Ifyou go to the AWL highlighter websiteby Sandra Haywood .~alzsh3/acvocab/ you can copy and paste your text into it and it willhighlight the AWL words for you. Thiswill enable you to see how many AWL words you are using overall and whether you repeat the same words many times in your writing.When looking up words from the AWL inthis dictionary you should also focuson the boldphrases that are highlighted. These show you the key grammatical patterns and collocations for that word. Collocations are words that commonly occur together or near each other in a text, for example ‘effect on’. Collocations and phrasesare important because they help with fluency in writing and indicate thatyou are working at a higher levelwith academic vocabulary than justusing a word from your own languageand itstranslation. The collocations in the following text have been highlighted in blue.Remember that building your vocabulary takes time. You are not likely to learn everything you need to know about a word the very first time you see it. And don’t expect to remember everything about a word after looking it up in a dictionary once. Try some of these ideas to help you with vocabulary building:•Make the most of the information given in this dictionary to build up your knowledge of a word. Look atthe bold phrases highlighted in theentry. These show importantgrammatical patterns andcollocations. Learn these ratherthan the word in isolation.•Even if you think you already ‘know’ a word, look it up in thedictionary to see if there is anyadditional information that youdon’t know.•Research has shown thatrepetition helps people to remember things. Make sure you buildrepetition into your learning. Youcould do this through using wordcards to test yourself or by keepinga vocabulary notebook.DECLINING BIODIVERSITYWhatever the effects on thisplanet’s climate, rain-forest clearance has another undeniable impact. The disappearance of rain forests is a major factor eroding the earth’s biodiversity, or, more simply causing many thousands of species of plant and animal life to disappear forever. Whilerain forests account for just seven percent of the earth’s surface, they are home to almost half of this planet’s living species. Estima tes of the total number of species of animals and plants range frommillion to as high as 30 million.•Studying words ‘actively’ will help your learning. People dolearn words through reading but thechances of remembering vocabularyis higher when you focus on thewords and make a conscious effortto learn them.•Look out for common collocations, phrases and grammatical patterns ofwords when you are reading academictexts.•Work with the AWL alongside you when you are writing. Try to usewords from the list that are relevant to your writing.The words on the AWL are marked with in this dictionary.The AWL does not include the 2000 most frequent words used in general everyday English.In this dictionary, however, the 3000 most frequent words in written English are also marked withand and the 3000 most frequent words in spoken English are marked with and .In some cases, these overlap with the AWL.Academic Word ListThe following is a list of the words from the Academic Word List that are highlighted in this dictionary. Words shown in bold are one of the ‘parent words’.abandon v abandoned adj abnormal adj abstract adj abstract n abstract v abstraction n academic adj academic n academy n access naccess v accessible adj accommodate v accommodation n accompaniment n accompany v accumulate v accuracy n accurate adj achieve v achievement n acknowledge v acknowledgement n acquire v acquisition n adapt v adaptableadjadaptation nadequateadjadjacent adjadjust vadjustment nadministrationnadministrativeadj adult nadult adjadvocacynadvocate vadvocatenaffect vaggregate naggregate adjaggregate vaid naid valbeitconjallocatevallocation nalter valteration nalternate adjalternate valternative adjalternative n ambiguityn ambiguous adj amendv amendment nanalogous adjanalogy n analyse v analysis n analyst n analytical adj analyze v annual adj anticipate v anticipation n apparent adj append v appendix n appreciable adj appreciate v appreciation n approach v approach n appropriate adj approximate adj approximate v approximation n arbitrary adj area naspect n assemble v assembly n assess v assessment n assign v assignment n assist vassistance nassume vassumingconjassumption nassurance nassurevattach vattachment nattain vattainment nattitudenattributableadjattribute vattribute nauthor nauthor vauthoritativeadjauthority nauthorship nautomate vautomated adjautomatic adjautomaticallyadvautomation navailable adjawareadjawareness nbehalf n beneficialadjbeneficiaryn benefit n benefit vbias nbias vbiasedadjbond nbond vbrevitynbrief adjbrief nbrief vbriefingn brieflyadv bulk n bulky adj capability ncapableadjcapacityncategoryn cease v challenge n challenge v challenging adj channel n channel v chapter n chart nchart v chemical n chemical adj circumstance n citation ncite vcivil adj clarification nclarify v clarity n classic adj classic n classicaladj clausen code ncode v coded adj codingn coherencen coherentadjcoincide v coincidencen coincidentadjcoincidentaladjcollapse vcollapse ncolleague ncommence vcommencement ncomment ncomment vcommentary ncommentatorncommission ncommission vcommit vcommitment ncommitted adjcommodity ncommunicableadj communicatev communicationn communicativeadj community ncompatibility ncompatible adjcompensate vcompensation ncompensatoryadj compilationn compile vcomplement ncomplement vcomplementaryadj complex adjcomplex ncomplexity ncomponent ncomponent adjcompound ncompound vcompound adjcomprehensiveadj comprise vcomputation ncompute vcomputer ncomputing nconceivable adjconceive vconcentrate vconcentration nconcept nconception nconceptual adjconclude vconcluding adjconclusion nconclusive adjconcurrent adjconduct vconduct nconfer vconferencen confine vconfinedadj confirmvconfirmation n conflict nconflict v conform v conformationn conformist adjconformity n consensus n consent n consent v consequence n consequent adj consequently adv considerable adj considerably adv consist v consistency n consistent adj constancy n constant adj constant n constantlyadv constituencynconstituent n constituent adj constitute v constitution n constitutional adj constrain v constrained adj constraint n construct v construct n constructionnconstructive adj consultvconsultancyn consultant nconsultationnconsultative adj consumev consumer n consumptionn contact n contact v contact adj contemporary adj contemporary n context n contextual adj contextualize v contract n contract v contractor n contradict v contradiction n contradictoryadj contrary ncontrary adjcontrast ncontrast vcontrastingadjcontribute vcontributionncontributorncontroversial adjcontroversynconvene vconvention nconventionaladjconverse adjconverselyadvconversion nconvert vconvertibleadjconvince vconvincedadjconvincingadjcooperate vcooperationncooperative adjcoordinate vcoordinate ncoordinate adjcoordinationncoordinatorncore ncore adjcore vcorporateadjcorporationncorrespondvcorrespondencencorrespondingadj couple ncouple vcreate vcreation ncreative adjcreativityn creator ncredit ncredit vcreditor ncriterion ncrucial adjculturaladjculturallyadvculture ncurrency ncycle ncycle vcyclic adjdata ndebatableadj debate ndebate vdecade ndecline ndecline vdeduce vdeduction n define v definiteadjdefinitelyadvdefinitionndefinitiveadj demonstrable adj demonstrate v demonstration n demonstrative adj demonstrator n denial ndenote vdeny vdepress v depressionnderivationnderivativenderivative adj derive v design ndesign v designer n despite prep detect v detection n detective n detector n deviate v deviation n device n devote v devoted adj devotion n differentiate vdimension n diminish v diminution n discrete adj discretion n discretionary adjdiscriminatevdiscrimination ndisestablishv displace v displacementn display n display v disposable adjdisposal ndispose vdisproportion ndisproportionate adjdissimilar adjdistinct adjdistinction ndistinctiveadj distinctlyadv distort vdistribute vdistributionndistributiveadj diverseadj diversifyv diversity ndocument ndocument vdocumentation ndomain ndomestic adjdomesticate vdomesticatedadj dominance ndominant adjdominate vdraft ndraft vdraft adjdrama ndramaticadjdramatist ndramatize vduration ndynamic adjdynamic neconomic adjeconomical adjeconomicallyadv economics neconomist neconomy nedit vedition neditor neditorial adjeditorial nelement neliminate velimination nemerge vemergence nemergent adjemerging adjemphasis nemphasize vemphatic adjempirical adjempiricism nenable venabling adjencounter vencounter nenergetic adjenergy nenforce venforced adjenforcement nenhance venhanced adjenormity n enormous adj enormously adv ensure ventity n environment n environmental adj environmentalist n equate v equation nequip v equipment n equivalent adj equivalent n erode verosion n erroneous adj error n establish v establishedadjestablishmentn estate n estimate n estimate v estimationn ethic nethical adj ethnic adjethnic n evaluate v evaluation n eventual adj eventuality n eventually adv evidence n evident adj evidential adj evidently adv evolution n evolutionaryadj evolve v exceed v exclude v excluding prep exclusion n exclusive adj exclusivelyadv exhibit v exhibit n exhibition n expand v expansion n expansionism n expansive adj expert nexpert adj expertise n explicit adj exploit v exploitationn export nexportvexporternexposevexposedadjexposurenexternaladjexternalizevextract vextract nextractionnfacilitatevfacilitatornfacilitynfactornfactorvfeature nfeature vfederaladjfederation nfeenfile nfilevfilingnfinaladjfinalnfinalitynfinalize vfinallyadvfinance nfinance vfinancialadjfinanciern finiteadjflexibility nflexibleadjfluctuatevfluctuation n focus vfocus nfocussedadj format nformat vformula nformulate vforthcomingadj found vfoundation nfounder nfounding nframework nfunction nfunction vfunctionaladj fund nfund vfundamental adjfundamentallyadv funding nfurthermore advgender n generate v generation n globalization n globe n goal ngrade ngrade v graded adj grant vgrant n guarantee v guarantee n guideline n hence adv hierarchical adj hierarchy n highlight v hypothesis n hypothesize v hypothetical adjidenticaladj identifiable adj identificati on nidentify v identity n ideological adj ideology n ignorance n ignorant adj ignore v illegal adj illogicaladjillustratevillustration nillustrative adj image n imagery n immatureadj immigrant n immigrate v immigrationn impact n impact v implement v implement n implicate v implication n implicitadj imply vimpose vimposition nimpreciseadjinaccessibleadj inaccuracyn inaccurateadjinadequacy ninadequate adjinappropriateadj incapableadj incapacitatev incentive nincidence nincident nincidentally advinclination nincline vincline nincoherent adjincome nincompatible adjinconceivableadj inconclusiveadjinconsistency ninconsistent adjincorporate vincorporated adjindefinite adjindefinitely advindex nindex vindicate vindication nindicative nindicative adjindicator nindiscretionn indistinctadjindividual adjindividual nindividualism nindividualist nindividuality nindividuallyadv induce vinduction ninevitability ninevitable adjinevitably advinfer vinference ninfinite adjinfinitely advinflexible adjinfrastructuren inherent adjinhibit vinhibition ninitial adjinitially advinitiate vinitiation ninitiative ninitiator ninjure vinjured adjinjury n innovate v innovationninnovative adjinnovatorn input ninput v insecureadjinsert v insertionn insightninsightful adjinsignificant adj inspect v inspectionninspectorninstability ninstance n instance v institute n institute v institution n institutional adj institutional ized adj instruct v instruction n instructive adjinstructor n insufficient adj integral adj integrate v integrated adj integration n integrity n intelligence n intelligent adj intense adj intensify vintensity n intensiveadj interact vinteractionninteractive adj intermediate adj internal adj internalizev interpretvinterpretation ninterpretative adjinterpretiveadj intervaln intervenevinterveningadjinterventionn intrinsicadjinvalidate vinvalidity ninvariableadjinvariablyadv invest vinvestigate vinvestigationninvestigativeadjinvestigator ninvestment ninvestor ninvisible adjinvokevinvolvevinvolvement nirrational adjirrelevance nirrelevant adjirreversibleadjisolatevisolated adjisolation nisolationism nissue nissue vitem njob njournalnjustifiableadjjustificationnjustified adjjustifyvlabel nlabel vlabornlaboredadjlabour nlabour vlabouredadj layer nlayer vlecture nlecture vlecturer nlegal adjlegality nlegally advlegislate vlegislationnlegislativeadjlegislatornlegislaturen levy vlevy nliberal adjliberal nliberalismnliberalizevliberallyadvliberate vliberatedadjlicence nlicense vlicensedadjlikewiseadv link vlink nlinkage n locate v location n logic n logicaladjlogician n maintain v maintenance n major adj majority n manipulate v manipulative adj manual adj manual n margin n marginal adj marginally adv maturation n mature adj mature v maturity n maximize v maximum adj maximum n mechanism n media n mediate v medical adj medium adj medium n mental adj mentality n method n methodical adj methodologyn migrant n migrate v migration n migratoryadjmilitary adj military n minimal adj minimize v minimum adj minimum n ministerial adjministry n minor adj minority n misinterpre t v mode nmodification nmodify vmonitor vmotivated adjmotivationnmotive nmotiveadjmutualadjmutually advnegate vnegative adjnegative nnetwork nnetwork vnetworkingnneutral adjneutralitynneutralizevnevertheless advnonconformist nnonetheless adv normnnormal adjnormalnnormality nnormalize vnormally advnotionnnotwithstanding prepnuclearadjobjective nobjectiveadjobjectively advobtain vobtainable adjobviousadjobviouslyadvoccupancynoccupantnoccupation noccupational adjoccupier n occupy voccur voccurrence n oddadjodds n offset vongoing adjoption noptional adjorient vorientate vorientated adjorientation noriented adj outcomen output noutput voverall adjoverall advoverestimate voverestimate n overlap v overlap n overseas adv overseas adj panel n paradigm n paragraph n parallel n parallel adj parallel v parameter n participant n participate v participation n participatory adj partner n partnership n passive adj passive n perceive v percent adj percent n percentage n perception n period n periodic adj periodical n persist v persistence n persistent adj perspective n phase nphase v phenomenal adj phenomenon n philosopher n philosophical adj philosophize v philosophy n physical adj physically adv plus prep plus nplus adj policy n portion npose vpose npositive adj positively advpotential adjpotential n potentially adv practitioner n precede v precedence nprecedent npreceding adjpreciseadjpreciselyadvprecision nprecision adjpredict vpredictable adjpredictionnpredominance npredominant adjpredominantlyadvpredominate vpreliminary adjpreliminary npresumablyadvpresume vpresumption npreviousadjpreviouslyadvprimacy nprimarilyadvprimary adjprime adjprincipal adjprincipallyadvprinciple nprincipledadj prior adjprioritize vpriority nproceduraladjprocedure nproceed vproceeding nproceeds nprocess nprocess vprocessed adjprofessional adjprofessional nprofessionalismnprofessionallyadv prohibit vprohibition nprohibitive adjproject nproject vprojection npromote vpromoter npromotion nproportion nproportionaladjproportionateadj prospect nprospective adjprotocol npsychologicaladjpsychologist npsychology npublication npublish v publishernpublishingnpurchase v purchase n pursue v pursuit n qualitative adj quotation n quote vquote nradical adj radical n randomadjrange nrange vratio n rationaladjrationalism nrationalize v reactv reactionnreactionary ad jreactionary n reactivate v reactive adj reactor n readjust v reassess v reconstruct v reconstructio n n recover v recovery n recreate v redistribute vredistributio n n refine v refined adj refinement n regime n region n regional adj register n register v registration n regulate v regulation n regulator n regulatory adj reinforce v reinforcementn reinvest vreject vrejection nrelax vrelaxation nrelease vrelease nrelevantadjreliableadjreliance nreliant adjrelocate vreluctancen reluctantadj rely vremovableadj removaln remove vremove nrequire vrequirementnreschedulev research nresearchv residevresidence nresidentnresident adjresidential adjresolutionn resolve vresolve nresource nresource vresourcefuladj respondvrespondentn responsenresponsiveadjrestorationn restore vrestoredadjrestrain vrestraint nrestrict vrestrictedadjrestrictionnrestrictiveadjrestructurev retain vretainer nretention nretentiveadj reveal vrevealing adjrevelation n revenuen reversal nreverse vreverse nreverse adjreversible adjrevise v revision nrevolution nrevolutionary adjrevolutionary nrevolutioniz e vrigidadjrole nroute nroute v scenario n schedule n schedule v schematicadj scheme n scheme vscope nsection n section v sector n secure adj secure v securelyadvsecurity n seek vselect vselect adj selection n selectiveadj selector n sequence n sequencing n sequential adj series n sex nsexism n sexual adj sexualityn shift vshift n significant adj significantly adv signify v similar adj similarityn similarly advsimulate v simulatedadj simulationn site nsole adjsolely adv somewhat adv source n source v specific adj specific n specifically adv specificatio n n specify v sphere n spherical adjstability nstabilize vstable adjstatistic nstatisticiannstatus nstraightforwardadjstrategicadjstrategist nstrategy nstress nstressvstressedadjstressfuladjstructural adjstructure nstructure vstructuredadj style nstyle vstyling nstylishadjstylizedadjsubmissionn submit vsubordinate adjsubordinate nsubordinate vsubsequent adjsubsequentlyadvsubsidiary adjsubsidize vsubsidy nsubstitute nsubstitute vsubstitutionn successionn successiveadj successorn sufficiencyn sufficientadj sum nsum vsummarize vsummary nsummary adjsummation nsupplement nsupplement vsupplementaryadj survey nsurvey vsurvival nsurvive vsurvivor nsuspend vsuspension nsustain vsustainableadj sustainedadjsustenance nsymbol n。
英语自然拼读学习计划
英语自然拼读学习计划IntroductionSpelling is an essential skill for language learners, but it can be challenging for many students to master. English spelling, in particular, is known for its irregularities and inconsistencies, making it difficult for learners to identify patterns and rules. However, with the right strategies and a structured learning plan, students can improve their spelling skills and become more confident writers. In this learning plan, we will outline a natural spelling approach that emphasizes the importance of understanding how words are pronounced and their phonetic structure. This approach will help students improve their spelling through a deeper understanding of the English language and its sound-letter correspondences.GoalsThe primary goal of this natural spelling learning plan is to help students develop a strong foundation in English spelling through phonetic awareness and a focus on word patterns. By the end of this program, students should be able to:1. Understand the relationship between sounds and letters in English words.2. Identify common spelling patterns and rules.3. Develop strategies for recognizing and remembering how words are spelled.4. Improve their overall spelling accuracy and confidence in writing.Instructional StrategiesTo achieve these goals, we will implement the following instructional strategies:1. Phonics Instruction: Phonics instruction will be a central component of this learning plan. Students will learn to identify and understand the phonetic structure of English words, including consonant and vowel sounds, syllable patterns, and word stress.2. Word Study: Students will engage in word study activities that focus on spelling patterns, prefixes, suffixes, and root words. By analyzing word families and word derivations, students will develop a deeper understanding of spelling and word meaning.3. Spelling Lists: Students will practice spelling words from curated spelling lists that are organized by sound patterns and word families. These lists will include commonly misspelled words and words with irregular spellings to provide a comprehensive overview of English spelling.4. Visual and Kinesthetic Learning: Visual aids, such as word cards and charts, will be used to reinforce spelling patterns and word recognition. Kinesthetic activities, such as writingwords in the air or on tactile surfaces, will help students internalize spelling patterns through physical engagement.5. Vocabulary Building: A strong vocabulary is essential for spelling success. Students will be encouraged to expand their vocabulary through reading, word games, and learning new words in context.Learning PlanThe natural spelling learning plan will be divided into five stages, each focusing on different aspects of spelling instruction. The stages are designed to build upon each other, providing a comprehensive and scaffolded approach to spelling mastery.Stage 1: Phonemic AwarenessIn this stage, students will develop an understanding of the sound-letter correspondence in English words. They will learn to identify individual phonemes and distinguish between different sounds. Activities in this stage may include:- Phonics lessons to teach individual letter sounds and combinations.- Phonemic awareness exercises, such as segmenting and blending sounds in words.- Listening activities to develop auditory discrimination skills.Stage 2: Word Patterns and Spelling RulesIn stage 2, students will learn about common spelling patterns and rules in English. They will explore the relationship between sounds and letters, and how certain spelling patterns apply to different words. Activities in this stage may include:- Exploring vowel and consonant patterns, such as silent letters and digraphs.- Learning about common suffixes, prefixes, and root words.- Engaging in word sorting activities to categorize words based on spelling patterns. Stage 3: Word Study and AnalysisIn this stage, students will delve deeper into word analysis and word study. They will learn to identify word families, derivations, and etymological origins of words. Activities in this stage may include:- Analyzing word structures and identifying common spelling patterns within word families. - Exploring the meanings and origins of words to understand their spelling and pronunciation.- Engaging in word building activities to create new words using known spelling patterns.Stage 4: Vocabulary Expansion and ApplicationStage 4 will focus on expanding students' vocabulary and applying their knowledge of spelling patterns in context. Students will explore the meanings of words and use them in writing. Activities in this stage may include:- Reading and discussing a variety of texts to encounter new words in context.- Vocabulary-building exercises, such as word games, word maps, and word association activities.- Writing assignments that require students to apply their spelling knowledge in creative and academic contexts.Stage 5: Spelling Mastery and ReviewThe final stage of the learning plan will focus on reviewing and reinforcing spelling mastery. Students will participate in spelling bees, quizzes, and other assessments to demonstrate their understanding of spelling patterns. Activities in this stage may include:- Spelling tests to assess students' ability to spell words accurately.- Peer editing and feedback on written work to identify and correct spelling errors.- Reflective exercises to help students identify their strengths and areas for improvement in spelling.Assessment and EvaluationThroughout the natural spelling learning plan, students will be assessed through a variety of formative and summative assessments. These assessments will include:- Spelling tests and quizzes to evaluate students' ability to spell words accurately.- Informal assessments, such as observations and class discussions, to gauge students' understanding of spelling patterns and rules.- Writing assignments to assess students' application of spelling knowledge in context and identify areas for improvement.Additionally, students will have the opportunity to self-assess their progress and reflect on their spelling skills throughout the learning plan.ConclusionSpelling is a fundamental aspect of language learning, and with a natural spelling approach, students can build a strong foundation in English spelling. By emphasizing phonetic awareness, word patterns, and vocabulary development, students can improve their spelling accuracy and become more confident writers. This comprehensive learning planaims to provide students with the tools and strategies they need to become proficient spellers and develop a lifelong appreciation for the beauty of language.。
雅思AWL词汇表,最全版
1An Introduction to the Academic Word ListAveril Coxhead, Massey University, New ZealandThe Academic Word List (AWL) is a list of 570 word families that are commonly found in academic texts. This list was selected by examining a large corpus (or collection) of written academic texts and selecting the words that occurred:1 In texts from all four academic facultysections: Arts, Commerce, Law and Science. 2 Over 100 times in the corpus overall.3 At least 10 times in each academicfaculty section.4 Outside the 2000 most frequent wordson Michael West’s General Service List(GSL). The GSL includes everyday wordssuch as I, house and do.These principles ensured that only words that occurred reasonably frequently in a variety of study areas were selected.The AWL targets vocabulary that occurs most often in written academic texts. These words also occur in newspapers but not as often as they do in textbooks. The AWL words appear even less in fiction. If your focus is learning academic vocabulary, you need to make sure you read academic textbooks so that you encounter these words in context.The AWL is organized into Word Families. Word families are made up of the ‘parent word’ and ‘family members’. Take for example the word maximise. Its family members include inflections of the verb such as maximised,maximises and maximising as well as the noun maximum. The word family also includes the British spelling of the noun maximisation, as well as maximization, the US spelling.If you learn the verb maximise, you will be able to recognise other family members such as maximised when you encounter them in your reading. These words are closely related and the meaning is likely to be the same or similar. When you are looking for words in this dictionary, think about other word family members too. Finally, there are some academic words thatdo not have a word family. These words occur on their own and do not have any inflections. Examples include nonetheless,so-called and behalf.The AWL is intended as a reference for students who are studying or preparing to study at a tertiary level in English. As a university lecturer, I was aware of the difficulties that students had in mastering the vocabulary necessary for written assignments. The AWL does not include ‘content’ vocabulary for particular subjects which students obviously need to learn as well. The AWL focuses instead on the non-subject-specific vocabulary that students of any discipline will need to master in order to produce coherently-structured written assignments.The AWL covers up to 10% of the vocabulary covered in written academic texts. This means that, on average, one word in 10 in an academic textbook is in the AWL. Look at the following extract from an academic text:EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Environmental issues are truly global. Many of the problems, like the releasingof CFCs into the atmosphere, have global effects and require global action. Some problems link to the exploitation of global commons – the resources shared by the international community suchas ocean beds and the atmosphere. Sometimes small local problems, suchas poisonous gases leaking from landfills and water pollution, are multiplied so many times in any local contexts thatthey become major world hazards. The environment is a global concern requiring global policies.Academic Word ListAcademic Word List2The highlighted words are all on the AWL.This sample illustrates clearly that the AWLcan help with decisions about which words are important for you to learn if you are studying in an English-speaking country.Knowledge of academic vocabulary is vital for students studying at an English-speaking university, particularly for reading and writing.If you compare estimates of how many words a native English speaker might know by the age of 18 (approximately 18,000 to 20,000 words) and how many a learner who has had two or three hours of schooling in English overseveral years (roughly 2000 to 3000 words depending on the language background of the student), this gap is enormous. In order to read and write successfully you need to be able to recognize as many words as possible in your textbooks and use as many as possible in your essays. The bigger your vocabulary, the more you will be able to cope with the high reading and writing demands of your studies.Academic writing tends to be quite formal in style. The vocabulary items that you use in your writing can affect the level of formality. Writers need to know whether a word can be used in a particular situation. T ake for example consequent. This is marked as formal. You would probablynot choose to use this word when speaking with friends but you should use it in written English to take your language to a higher level of formality. The AWL will help you to focus on issues of formality. Look out for the formal label in this dictionary.Remember that the AWL covers approximately 10% of all vocabulary in a piece of academic writing. You should aim to have roughly the same percentage in your own academic writing too. If you go to the AWL highlighter websiteby Sandra Haywood (http://www.nottingham. /~alzsh3/acvocab/awlhighlighter.html) you can copy and paste your text into it and it will highlight the AWL words for you. This will enable you to see how many AWL words you are using overall and whether you repeat the same words many times in your writing.When looking up words from the AWL in this dictionary you should also focus on the bold phrases that are highlighted. These show you the key grammatical patterns and collocations for that word. Collocations are words that commonly occur together or near each other in a text, for example ‘effect on’. Collocations and phrases are important because they help with fluencyin writing and indicate that you are working at a higher level with academic vocabulary than just using a word from your own language and its translation. The collocations in the following text have been highlighted in blue.DECLINING BIODIVERSITYWhatever the effects on this planet’s climate, rain-forest clearance has another undeniable impact. The disappearance of rain forests is a major factor eroding the earth’s biodiversity, or, more simply causing many thousands of species of plant and animal life to disappear forever. While rain forests account for just seven percent of the earth’s surface, they are home to almost half of this planet’s living species. Estimatesof the total number of species of animalsand plants range from 1.5 million to as high as 30 million. Researchers, in fact, have identified more than 1,000 species of ants alone (Wilson, 1991).Remember that building your vocabulary takes time. You are not likely to learn everything you need to know about a word the very first time you see it. And don’t expect to remember everything about a word after looking it up in a dictionary once. Try some of these ideas to help you with vocabulary building:• Make the most of the information given in this dictionary to build up your knowledge of a word. Look at the bold phrases highlighted in the entry. These show important grammatical patterns and collocations. Learn these rather than the word in isolation.• Even if you think you already ‘know’ a word, look it up in the dictionary to see if there is any additional information that you don’t know.• Research has shown that repetition helps people to remember things. Make sure you build repetition into your learning. You could do this through using word cards to test yourself or by keeping a vocabulary notebook.Academic Word List3• Studying words ‘actively’ will help yourlearning. People do learn words through reading but the chances of remembering vocabulary is higher when you focus on the words and make a conscious effort to learn them.• Look out for common collocations, phrases and grammatical patterns of words when you are reading academic texts.• Work with the AWL alongside you when you are writing. Try to use words from the list that are relevant to your writing. The words on the AWL are marked with in this dictionary.The AWL does not include the 2000 most frequent words used in general everyday English. In this dictionary, however, the 3000 most frequent words in written English are also marked with 12and 3and the 3000 most frequent words in spoken English are marked with and .In some cases, these overlap with the AWL.Averil Coxhead is a lecturer in English for Academic Purposesat Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Shecompiled the AWL in 2000. For further information on the AWL go to Averil’s website at /staff/awl/index.shtml.Acknowledgement: Extracts on the subject of European environmental policy and declining biodiversity are reproduced with permission from Sociology:A Global Introduction, third edition, by John J. Macionis and Ken Plummer,©Pearson Education Limited 2005.abandon1v abandoned adj abnormal adj abstract1adj abstract2n abstract3v abstraction n academic1adj academic2n academy n access1n access2v accessible adj accommodate v accommodation n accompaniment n accompany v accumulate v accuracy n accurate adj achieve v achievement n acknowledge v acknowledgement n acquire v acquisition n adapt v adaptable adj adaptation n adequate adj adjacent adjadjust vadjustment nadministration nadministrative adjadult1nadult2adjadvocacy nadvocate1vadvocate2 naffect vaggregate1 naggregate2 adjaggregate3 vaid1 naid2 valbeit conjallocate vallocation nalter valteration nalternate1 adjalternate2 valternative1 adjalternative2 nambiguity nambiguous adjamend vamendment nanalogous adjanalogy nanalyse vanalysis nanalyst nanalytical adjanalyze vannual1 adjanticipate vanticipation napparent adjappend vappendix nappreciable adjappreciate vappreciation napproach1 vapproach2 nappropriate1 adjapproximate1 adjapproximate2 vapproximation narbitrary adjarea naspect nassemble vassembly nassess vassessment nassign vassignment nassist1 vassistance nassume vassuming conjassumption nassurance nassure vattach vattachment nattain vattainment nattitude nattributable adjattribute1 vattribute2 nauthor1 nauthor2 vauthoritative adjauthority nauthorship nautomate vautomated adjautomatic1 adjautomatically advautomation navailable adjaware adjawareness nAcademic Word ListThe following is a list of the words from the Academic Word List that are highlighted in this dictionary. Words shown in bold are one of the ‘parent words’.Academic Word List4behalf n beneficial adj beneficiary n benefit1 n benefit2 vbias1 nbias2 vbiased adjbond1 nbond2 v brevity nbrief1 adjbrief2 nbrief3 v briefing n briefly advbulk1 nbulky adjcapability n capable adj capacity n category n cease1 v challenge1 n challenge2 v challenging adj channel1 n channel2 v chapter nchart1 nchart2 v chemical1 n chemical2 adj circumstance n citation ncite vcivil adj clarification n clarify vclarity n classic1 adj classic2 n classical adj clause ncode1 ncode2 vcoded adj coding n coherence n coherent adj coincide v coincidence n coincident adj coincidental adj collapse1 v collapse2 n colleague n commence v commencement n comment1 ncomment2 vcommentary ncommentator ncommission1 ncommission2 vcommit vcommitment ncommitted adjcommodity ncommunicable adjcommunicate vcommunication ncommunicative adjcommunity ncompatibility ncompatible1 adjcompensate vcompensation ncompensatory adjcompilation ncompile vcomplement1 ncomplement2 vcomplementary adjcomplex1 adjcomplex2 ncomplexity ncomponent1 ncomponent2 adjcompound1 ncompound2 vcompound3 adjcomprehensive adjcomprise vcomputation ncompute vcomputer ncomputing nconceivable adjconceive vconcentrate1 vconcentration nconcept nconception nconceptual adjconclude vconcluding adjconclusion nconclusive adjconcurrent adjconduct1 vconduct2 nconfer vconference nconfine vconfined adjconfirm vconfirmation nconflict1 nconflict2 vconform vconformation nconformist adjconformity nconsensus nconsent1 nconsent2 vconsequence nconsequent adjconsequently advconsiderable adjconsiderably advconsist vconsistency nconsistent adjconstancy nconstant1 adjconstant2 nconstantly advconstituency nconstituent1 nconstituent2 adjconstitute vconstitution nconstitutional1 adjconstrain vconstrained adjconstraint nconstruct1 vconstruct2 nconstruction nconstructive adjconsult vconsultancy nconsultant nconsultation nconsultative adjconsume vconsumer nconsumption ncontact1 ncontact2 vcontact3 adjcontemporary1 adjcontemporary2 ncontext ncontextual adjcontextualize vcontract1 ncontract2 vcontractor ncontradict vcontradiction ncontradictory adjcontrary1 ncontrary2 adjcontrast1 ncontrast2 vcontrasting adjcontribute vcontribution ncontributor ncontroversial adjcontroversy nconvene vconvention nconventional adjconverse3 adjconversely advconversion nconvert1 vconvertible 1 adjconvince vconvinced adjconvincing adjcooperate vcooperation ncooperative1 adjcoordinate1 vcoordinate2 ncoordinate3 adjcoordination ncoordinator ncore1 ncore2 adjcore3 vcorporate adjcorporation ncorrespond vcorrespondence ncorresponding adjcouple1 ncouple2 vcreate vcreation ncreative1 adjcreativity ncreator ncredit1 ncredit2 vcreditor ncriterion ncrucial adjcultural adjculturally advculture1 ncurrency ncycle1 ncycle2 vcyclic adjdata ndebatable adjdebate1 ndebate2 vdecade ndecline1 ndecline2 vdeduce vAcademic Word List 5deduction n define vdefinite adj definitely adv definition n definitive adj demonstrable adj demonstrate v demonstration n demonstrative adj demonstrator n denial ndenote vdeny vdepress v depression n derivation n derivative1 n derivative2 adj derive vdesign1 ndesign2 v designer1 n despite prep detect v detection n detective n detector n deviate1 v deviation n device ndevote v devoted adj devotion n differentiate v dimension n diminish v diminution n discrete adj discretion n discretionary adj discriminate v discrimination n disestablish v displace v displacement n display1 n display2 v disposable adj disposal n dispose v disproportion n disproportionate adj dissimilar adj distinct adj distinction n distinctive adj distinctly adv distort v distribute v distribution ndistributive adjdiverse adjdiversify vdiversity ndocument1 ndocument2 vdocumentation ndomain ndomestic1 adjdomesticate vdomesticated adjdominance ndominant1 adjdominate vdraft1 ndraft2 vdraft3 adjdrama ndramatic adjdramatist ndramatize vduration ndynamic1 adjdynamic2 neconomic adjeconomical adjeconomically adveconomics neconomist neconomy1 nedit vedition neditor neditorial1 adjeditorial2 nelement neliminate velimination nemerge vemergence nemergent adjemerging adjemphasis nemphasize vemphatic adjempirical adjempiricism nenable venabling adjencounter1 vencounter2 nenergetic adjenergy nenforce venforced adjenforcement nenhance venhanced adjenormity nenormous adjenormously advensure ventity nenvironment nenvironmental adjenvironmentalist nequate vequation nequip vequipment nequivalent1 adjequivalent2 nerode verosion nerroneous adjerror nestablish vestablished adjestablishment nestate nestimate1 nestimate2 vestimation nethic nethical adjethnic1 adjethnic2 nevaluate vevaluation neventual adjeventuality neventually advevidence1 nevident adjevidential adjevidently advevolution nevolutionary adjevolve vexceed vexclude vexcluding prepexclusion nexclusive1 adjexclusively advexhibit1 vexhibit2 nexhibition nexpand vexpansion nexpansionism nexpansive adjexpert1 nexpert2 adjexpertise nexplicit adjexploit1 vexploitation nexport1 nexport2 vexporter nexpose vexposed adjexposure nexternal adjexternalize vextract1 vextract2 nextraction nfacilitate vfacilitator nfacility nfactor1 nfactor2 vfeature1 nfeature2 vfederal adjfederation nfee nfile1 nfile2 vfiling nfinal1 adjfinal2 nfinality nfinalize vfinally advfinance1 nfinance2 vfinancial adjfinancier nfinite adjflexibility nflexible adjfluctuate vfluctuation nfocus1 vfocus2 nfocussed adjformat1 nformat2 vformula nformulate vforthcoming adjfound2 vfoundation nfounder1 nfounding nframework nfunction1 nfunction2 vfunctional adjfund1 nfund2 vfundamental adjfundamentally advfunding nAcademic Word List6furthermore advgender n generate v generation n globalization n globe ngoal ngrade1 n grade2 v graded adj grant1 vgrant2 n guarantee1 v guarantee2 n guideline nhence adv hierarchical adj hierarchy n highlight1 v hypothesis n hypothesize v hypothetical adj identical adj identifiable adj identification n identify v identity n ideological adj ideology n ignorance n ignorant adj ignore v illegal1 adj illogical adj illustrate v illustration n illustrative adj image n imagery n immature adj immigrant n immigrate v immigration n impact1 n impact2 v implement1 v implement2 n implicate v implication n implicit adj imply v impose v imposition n imprecise adj inaccessible adj inaccuracy n inaccurate adj inadequacy ninadequate adjinappropriate adjincapable adjincapacitate vincentive nincidence nincident nincidentally advinclination nincline1 vincline2 nincoherent adjincome nincompatible adjinconceivable adjinconclusive adjinconsistency ninconsistent adjincorporate vincorporated adjindefinite adjindefinitely advindex1 nindex2 vindicate vindication nindicative1 nindicative2 adjindicator nindiscretion nindistinct adjindividual1 adjindividual2 nindividualism nindividualist nindividuality nindividually advinduce vinduction ninevitability ninevitable adjinevitably advinfer vinference ninfinite adjinfinitely advinflexible adjinfrastructure ninherent adjinhibit vinhibition ninitial1 adjinitially advinitiate1 vinitiation ninitiative ninitiator ninjure vinjured adjinjury ninnovate vinnovation ninnovative adjinnovator ninput1 ninput2 vinsecure adjinsert1 vinsertion ninsight ninsightful adjinsignificant adjinspect vinspection ninspector ninstability ninstance1 ninstance2 vinstitute1 ninstitute2 vinstitution ninstitutional adjinstitutionalized adjinstruct vinstruction ninstructive adjinstructor ninsufficient adjintegral adjintegrate vintegrated adjintegration nintegrity nintelligence nintelligent adjintense adjintensify vintensity nintensive adjinteract vinteraction ninteractive adjintermediate1 adjinternal adjinternalize vinterpret vinterpretation ninterpretative adjinterpretive adjinterval nintervene vintervening adjintervention nintrinsic adjinvalidate vinvalidity ninvariable adjinvariably advinvest vinvestigate vinvestigation ninvestigative adjinvestigator ninvestment ninvestor ninvisible adjinvoke vinvolve vinvolvement nirrational adjirrelevance nirrelevant adjirreversible adjisolate visolated adjisolation nisolationism nissue1 nissue2 vitem njob njournal njustifiable adjjustification njustified adjjustify vlabel1 nlabel2 vlabor nlabored adjlabour1 nlabour2 vlaboured adjlayer1 nlayer2 vlecture1 nlecture2 vlecturer nlegal adjlegality nlegally advlegislate vlegislation nlegislative adjlegislator nlegislature nlevy1 vlevy2 nliberal1 adjliberal2 nliberalism nliberalize vliberally advliberate vliberated adjlicence nlicense vAcademic Word List 7licensed adj likewise adv link1 vlink2 n linkage n locate v location n logic n logical adj logician n maintain v maintenance n major1 adj majority n manipulate v manipulative adj manual1 adj manual2 n margin n marginal adj marginally adv maturation n mature1 adj mature2 v maturity n maximize v maximum1 adj maximum2 n mechanism n media n mediate v medical1 adj medium1 adj medium2 n mental adj mentality n method n methodical adj methodology n migrant n migrate v migration n migratory adj military1 adj military2 n minimal adj minimize v minimum1 adj minimum2 n ministerial adj ministry n minor1 adj minority n misinterpret v mode n modification n modify v monitor1 v motivated adj motivation nmotive1 nmotive2 adjmutual adjmutually advnegate vnegative1 adjnegative2 nnetwork1 nnetwork2 vnetworking nneutral1 adjneutrality nneutralize vnevertheless advnonconformist nnonetheless advnorm nnormal1 adjnormal2 nnormality nnormalize vnormally advnotion nnotwithstanding prepnuclear adjobjective1 nobjective2 adjobjectively advobtain vobtainable adjobvious adjobviously advoccupancy noccupant noccupation noccupational adjoccupier noccupy voccur voccurrence nodd adjodds noffset1 vongoing adjoption noptional adjorient1 vorientate vorientated adjorientation noriented adjoutcome noutput1 noutput2 voverall1 adjoverall2 advoverestimate1 voverestimate2 noverlap1 voverlap2 noverseas1 advoverseas2 adjpanel nparadigm nparagraph nparallel1 nparallel2 adjparallel3 vparameter nparticipant nparticipate vparticipation nparticipatory adjpartner1 npartnership npassive1 adjpassive2 nperceive vpercent1 adjpercent2 npercentage nperception nperiod1 nperiodic adjperiodical npersist vpersistence npersistent adjperspective nphase1 nphase2 vphenomenal adjphenomenon nphilosopher nphilosophical adjphilosophize vphilosophy nphysical1 adjphysically advplus1 prepplus2 nplus3 adjpolicy nportion1 npose1 vpose2 npositive1 adjpositively advpotential1 adjpotential2 npotentially advpractitioner nprecede vprecedence nprecedent npreceding adjprecise adjprecisely advprecision1 nprecision2 adjpredict vpredictable adjprediction npredominance npredominant adjpredominantly advpredominate vpreliminary1 adjpreliminary2 npresumably advpresume vpresumption nprevious adjpreviously advprimacy nprimarily advprimary1 adjprime1 adjprincipal1 adjprincipally advprinciple nprincipled adjprior1 adjprioritize vpriority1 nprocedural adjprocedure nproceed vproceeding nproceeds nprocess1 nprocess2 vprocessed adjprofessional1 adjprofessional2 nprofessionalism nprofessionally advprohibit vprohibition nprohibitive adjproject1 nproject2 vprojection npromote vpromoter npromotion nproportion1 nproportional adjproportionate adjprospect1 nprospective adjprotocol npsychological adjpsychologist npsychology npublication nAcademic Word List8publish v publisher n publishing n purchase1 v purchase2 n pursue v pursuit n qualitative adj quotation n quote1 v quote2 n radical1 adj radical2 n random adj range1 n range2 vratio n rational adj rationalism n rationalize v react v reaction n reactionary1 adj reactionary2 n reactivate v reactive adj reactor n readjust v reassess v reconstruct v reconstruction n recover v recovery n recreate v redistribute v redistribution n refine v refined adj refinement n regime n region n regional adj register1 n register2 v registration n regulate v regulation 1 n regulator n regulatory adj reinforce v reinforcement n reinvest v reject1 v rejection n relax v relaxation n release1 v release2 n relevant adjreliable adjreliance nreliant adjrelocate vreluctance nreluctant adjrely vremovable adjremoval nremove1 vremove2 nrequire vrequirement nreschedule vresearch1 nresearch2 vreside vresidence nresident1 nresident2 adjresidential adjresolution nresolve1 vresolve2 nresource1 nresource2 vresourceful adjrespond vrespondent nresponse nresponsive adjrestoration nrestore vrestored adjrestrain vrestraint nrestrict vrestricted adjrestriction nrestrictive adjrestructure vretain vretainer nretention nretentive adjreveal vrevealing adjrevelation nrevenue nreversal nreverse1 vreverse2 nreverse3 adjreversible adjrevise vrevision nrevolution nrevolutionary1 adjrevolutionary2 nrevolutionize vrigid adjrole nroute1 nroute2 vscenario nschedule1 nschedule2 vschematic adjscheme1 nscheme2 vscope1 nsection1 nsection2 vsector nsecure1 adjsecure2 vsecurely advsecurity nseek vselect1 vselect2 adjselection nselective adjselector nsequence nsequencing nsequential adjseries nsex1 nsexism nsexual adjsexuality nshift1 vshift2 nsignificant adjsignificantly advsignify vsimilar adjsimilarity nsimilarly advsimulate vsimulated adjsimulation nsite1 nsole1 adjsolely advsomewhat advsource1 nsource2 vspecific1 adjspecific2 nspecifically advspecification nspecify vsphere nspherical adjstability nstabilize vstable1 adjstatistic nstatistician nstatus nstraightforward adjstrategic adjstrategist nstrategy nstress1 nstress2 vstressed adjstressful adjstructural adjstructure1 nstructure2 vstructured adjstyle1 nstyle2 vstyling nstylish adjstylized adjsubmission nsubmit vsubordinate1 adjsubordinate2 nsubordinate3 vsubsequent adjsubsequently advsubsidiary2 adjsubsidize vsubsidy nsubstitute1 nsubstitute2 vsubstitution nsuccession nsuccessive adjsuccessor nsufficiency nsufficient adjsum1 nsum2 vsummarize vsummary1 nsummary2 adjsummation nsupplement1 nsupplement2 vsupplementary adjsurvey1 nsurvey2 vsurvival nsurvive vsurvivor nsuspend vsuspension nsustain vsustainable adjsustained adjsustenance nsymbol n。
Word Families
Word Families, Dolch Words, Sight words, Rhyming Words 混了吗？读了上面的那篇博文，可能有一些父母将这种words, 那种words 给混在一起了。
在这个贴子里，将这些东西分分清楚。
把这个单词拿出来，不是用来强调让孩子背单词，而是想告诉大家，这些单词之间的关系和联系，找出一些规律性的东西，有助于家长和孩子掌握。
在英语的启蒙时期，根本不用管这些词，那些词的，家长只要给孩子建立起全方位的英语环境，跟孩子说，给孩子读书，陪孩子做英语游戏，陪孩子看看动画（2岁以上），就可以了。
关键是建立英语声音和实物具象（实体，图片，表情，动作场景）之间的关系。
当孩子有了一定的听力基础之后，就进入phonics的拼读的学习。
这里就会涉及到这里说的一些words.1.首先就是Dolch Words，也被称为Sight words，是220个不符合phonics 发音规律的高频词，也是在孩子的书籍中最为常用的词汇。
因为这些词不符合phonics发音规律（或不全符合），所以需要整体记忆，也就是不要去拼，而是整体一看就能将它们读出声音来。
这些词需要专门学的吗？如果前期有很好的听力基础的话，这部分只要进行一些训练就可以掌握。
如果前期听力基础不够，这时候，就需要较为仔细的学习了。
2.Word Families 这部分词汇在上面链接的帖子里有较为详细的介绍。
其中有链接可以找到几乎最为常用的Word Families。
3.Rhyming Words, 就是押韵词。
几乎所有的Word Families基本上每一组都是一组押韵词。
但押韵词除了Word Families之外，还有很多。
Word Families是一组单词中，其中部分音节的拼写和读音基本相同。
而押韵词可以是拼写不同，但部分音节中读音相同就可以看成是押韵。
比如bear and chair，不是Word Families，但却是Rhyming Words。
牛津高阶词典Academic Word List词汇表
analyseanalysedanalyseranalysersanalysesanalysinganalysisanalystanalystsanalyticanalyticalanalyticallyanalyzeanalyzedanalyzesanalyzing approachapproachableapproachedapproachesapproachingunapproachable areaareasassessassessableassessedassessesassessingassessmentassessmentsreassessreassessedreassessingreassessmentunassessed assumeassumedassumesassumingassumptionassumptions authorityauthoritativeauthorities availableavailabilityunavailable benefitbeneficialbeneficiarybeneficiariesbenefitedbenefitingbenefits conceptconceptionconceptsconceptualconceptualisation conceptualiseconceptualised conceptualises conceptualising conceptually consistconsistedconsistencyconsistentconsistentlyconsistingconsistsinconsistencies inconsistencyinconsistent constituteconstituencies constituency constituentconstituentsconstitutedconstitutesconstitutingconstitutionconstitutionsconstitutionalconstitutionallyconstitutiveunconstitutionalcontextcontextscontextualcontextualisecontextualisedcontextualisinguncontextualisedcontextualizecontextualizedcontextualizinguncontextualizedcontractcontractedcontractingcontractorcontractorscontractscreatecreatedcreatescreatingcreationcreationscreativecreativelycreativitycreatorcreatorsrecreaterecreatedrecreatesrecreatingdatadefinedefinabledefineddefinesdefiningdefinitiondefinitionsredefineredefinedredefinesredefiningundefinedderivederivationderivationsderivativederivativesderivedderivesderivingdistributedistributeddistributingdistributiondistributionaldistributionsdistributivedistributordistributorsredistributeredistributedredistributesredistributingredistributioneconomyeconomiceconomicaleconomicallyeconomicseconomieseconomisteconomistsuneconomicalenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentalistenvironmentalistsenvironmentallyenvironmentsestablishdisestablishdisestablisheddisestablishesdisestablishingdisestablishmentestablishedestablishesestablishingestablishmentestablishmentsestimateestimatedestimatesestimatingestimationestimationsover‑estimateoverestimateoverestimatedoverestimatesoverestimatingunderestimateunderestimatedunderestimatesunderestimatingevidentevidencedevidenceevidentialevidentlyexportexportedexporterexportersexportingexportsfactorfactoredfactoringfactorsfinancefinancedfinancesfinancialfinanciallyfinancierfinanciersfinancingformulaformulaeformulasformulateformulatedformulatingformulationformulationsreformulatereformulatedreformulatingreformulationreformulationsSublists of the Academic Word ListEach word in italics is the most frequently occurring member of the word family in the Academic Corpus. For example, anal-ysis is the most common form of the word family analyse. British and American spelling is included in the word families, so contextualise and contextualize are both included in the family context.Sublist 1 contains the most common words in the AWL. Sublist 2 contains the next most common words, and so on. There are 60 families in each sublist, except for sublist 10 which has 30.Sublist 1 of the Academic Word Listfunctionfunctionalfunctionallyfunctionedfunctioningfunctions identifyidentifiableidentificationidentifiedidentifiesidentifyingidentitiesidentityunidentifiable incomeincomes indicateindicatedindicatesindicatingindicationindicationsindicativeindicatorindicators individualindividualisedindividualityindividualismindividualistindividualistsindividualisticindividuallyindividuals interpretinterpretationinterpretations interpretativeinterpretedinterpretinginterpretiveinterpretsmisinterpretmisinterpretation misinterpretations misinterpretedmisinterpreting misinterpretsreinterpretreinterpretedreinterpretsreinterpretingreinterpretation reinterpretations involveinvolvedinvolvementinvolvesinvolvinguninvolved issueissuedissuesissuinglabourlaborlaboredlaborslabouredlabouringlabourslegalillegal illegalityillegallylegalitylegallylegislatelegislatedlegislateslegislatinglegislationlegislativelegislatorlegislatorslegislaturemajormajoritiesmajoritymethodmethodicalmethodologicalmethodologiesmethodologymethodsoccuroccurredoccurrenceoccurrencesoccurringoccursreoccurreoccurredreoccurringreoccurspercentpercentagepercentagesperiodperiodicperiodicalperiodicallyperiodicalsperiodspolicypoliciesprincipleprincipledprinciplesunprincipledproceedproceduralprocedureproceduresproceededproceedingproceedingsproceedsprocessprocessedprocessesprocessingrequirerequiredrequirementrequirementsrequiresrequiringresearchresearchedresearcherresearchersresearchesresearchingrespondrespondedrespondentrespondentsrespondingrespondsresponseresponsesresponsiveresponsivenessunresponsiverolerolessectionsectionedsectioningsectionssectorsectorssignificantinsignificantinsignificantlysignificancesignificantlysignifiedsignifiessignifysignifyingsimilardissimilarsimilaritiessimilaritysimilarlysourcesourcedsourcessourcingspecificspecificallyspecificationspecificationsspecificityspecificsstructurerestructurerestructuredrestructuresrestructuringstructuralstructurallystructuredstructuresstructuringunstructuredtheorytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoriestheoristtheoristsvaryinvariableinvariablyvariabilityvariablevariablesvariablyvariancevariantvariantsvariationvariationsvariedvariesvaryingachieveachievableachievedachievementachievements achievesachieving acquireacquiredacquiresacquiringacquisitionacquisitions administrateadministratesadministration administrations administrative administratively administratoradministrators affectaffectedaffectingaffectiveaffectivelyaffectsunaffected appropriateappropriacyappropriatelyappropriateness inappropriacy inappropriate inappropriately aspectaspectsassistassistanceassistantassistantsassistedassistingassistsunassisted categorycategoriescategorisation categorisecategorisedcategorisescategorisingcategorization categorizedcategorizescategorizing chapterchapters commissioncommissioned commissioner commissioners commissioning commissions communitycommunities complexcomplexitiescomplexity computecomputationcomputational computations computablecomputercomputedcomputerisedcomputerscomputing concludeconcludedconcludesconcludingconclusionconclusionsconclusiveconclusivelyinconclusiveinconclusively conductconductedconductingconductsconsequentconsequenceconsequencesconsequentlyconstructconstructedconstructingconstructionconstructionsconstructiveconstructsreconstructreconstructedreconstructingreconstructionreconstructsconsumeconsumedconsumerconsumersconsumesconsumingconsumptioncreditcreditedcreditingcreditorcreditorscreditscultureculturalculturallyculturedculturesuncultureddesigndesigneddesignerdesignersdesigningdesignsdistinctdistinctiondistinctionsdistinctivedistinctivelydistinctlyindistinctindistinctlyelementelementsequateequatedequatesequatingequationequationsevaluateevaluatedevaluatesevaluatingevaluationevaluationsevaluativere‑evaluatere‑evaluatedre‑evaluatesre‑evaluatingre‑evaluationfeaturefeaturedfeaturesfeaturingfinalfinalisefinalisedfinalisesfinalisingfinalizefinalizedfinalizesfinalizingfinalityfinallyfinalsfocusfocusedfocusesfocusingfocussedfocussingrefocusrefocusedrefocusesrefocusingrefocussedrefocussesrefocussingimpactimpactedimpactingimpactsinjureinjuredinjuresinjuriesinjuringinjuryuninjuredinstituteinstitutedinstitutesinstitutinginstitutioninstitutionalinstitutionaliseinstitutionalisedinstitutionalisesinstitutionalisinginstitutionalizedinstitutionalizesinstitutionalizinginstitutionallyinstitutionsinvestinvestedinvestinginvestmentinvestmentsinvestorinvestorsinvestsreinvestreinvestedreinvestingreinvestmentreinvestsitemitemisationitemiseitemiseditemisesitemisingitemsjournaljournalsmaintainmaintainedmaintainingmaintainsmaintenancenormalabnormalabnormallynormalisationnormalisenormalisednormalisesnormalisingnormalizationnormalizenormalizednormalizesnormalizingnormalitynormallyobtainobtainableobtainedobtainingobtainsunobtainableparticipateparticipantparticipantsSublist 2 of the Academic Word Listparticipated participates participating participation participatory perceive perceived perceives perceiving perception perceptions positive positively potential potentially previous previously primary primarily purchase purchased purchaser purchasers purchases purchasing range ranged ranges ranging region regional regionally regions regulate deregulated deregulates deregulating deregulation regulated regulates regulating regulation regulations regulator regulators regulatory unregulated relevant irrelevance irrelevant relevance reside resided residence resident residential residents resides residing resource resourced resourceful resources resourcing unresourceful under‑resourced restrict restricted restricting restriction restrictions restrictive restrictively restricts unrestricted unrestrictive secure insecure insecurities insecurity secured securely secures securing securities security seek seeking seeks sought select selected selecting selection selections selective selectively selector selectors selects site sites strategy strategic strategies strategically strategist strategists survey surveyed surveying surveys text texts textual tradition non‑traditional traditional traditionalist traditionally traditions transfer transferable transference transferred transferring transfers Sublist 3 of Academic Word List alternative alternatively alternatives circumstance circumstances comment commentaries commentary commentator commentators commented commenting comments compensate compensated compensates compensating compensation compensations compensatory component componentry components consent consensus consented consenting consents considerable considerably constant constancy constantly constants inconstancy inconstantly constrain constrained constraining constrains constraint constraints unconstrained contributecontributed contributes contributing contribution contributions contributor contributors conveneconvention convenes convened convening conventional conventionally conventions unconventional coordinatecoordinated coordinates coordinating coordination coordinator coordinators co‑ordinate co‑ordinated co‑ordinates co‑ordinating co‑ordination co‑ordinator co‑ordinators corecores coring cored corporatecorporates corporation corporations correspond corresponded correspondence corresponding correspondingly corresponds criteria criterion deduce deduced deduces deducing deduction deductions demonstrate demonstrable demonstrably demonstrated demonstrates demonstrating demonstration demonstrations demonstrative demonstratively demonstrator demonstrators document documentation documented documenting documents dominate dominance dominant dominated dominates dominating domination emphasis emphasise emphasised emphasisingemphasize emphasized emphasizes emphasizing emphaticemphatically ensureensuredensuresensuring excludeexcludedexcludesexcludingexclusionexclusionary exclusionist exclusions exclusiveexclusively frameworkframeworks fundfundedfunderfundersfundingfunds illustrateillustrated illustrates illustrating illustration illustrations illustrative immigrateimmigrant immigrants immigrated immigrates immigrating immigration implyimpliedimpliesimplying initialinitially instanceinstances interactinteracted interacting interaction interactions interactive interactively interacts justifyjustifiable justifiably justification justifications justifiedjustifiesjustifyingunjustified layerlayeredlayeringlayerslinklinkagelinkageslinkedlinkinglinks locatelocatedlocatinglocationlocations relocaterelocatedrelocatesrelocatingrelocationmaximisemaxmaximisedmaximisesmaximisingmaximisationmaximizemaximizedmaximizesmaximizingmaximizationmaximumminorminoritiesminorityminorsnegatenegativenegatednegatesnegatingnegativelynegativesoutcomeoutcomespartnerpartnerspartnershippartnershipsphilosophyphilosopherphilosophersphilosophicalphilosophicallyphilosophiesphilosophisephilosophisedphilosophisesphilosophisingphilosophizephilosophizedphilosophizesphilosophizingphysicalphysicallyproportiondisproportiondisproportionatedisproportionatelyproportionalproportionallyproportionateproportionatelyproportionspublishpublishedpublisherpublisherspublishespublishingunpublishedreactreactedreactsreactingreactionreactionariesreactionaryreactionsreactivereactivatereactivationreactorreactorsregisterderegisterderegisteredderegisteringderegistersderegistrationregisteredregisteringregistersregistrationrelyreliabilityreliablereliablyreliancereliantreliedreliesrelyingunreliableremoveremovableremovalremovalsremovedremovesremovingschemeschematicschematicallyschemedschemesschemingsequencesequencedsequencessequencingsequentialsequentiallysexsexessexismsexualsexualitysexuallyshiftshiftedshiftingshiftsspecifyspecifiablespecifiedspecifiesspecifyingunspecifiedsufficientsufficiencyinsufficientinsufficientlysufficientlytasktaskstechnicaltechnicallytechniquetechniquestechnologytechnologicaltechnologicallyvalidinvalidateinvalidityvalidatevalidatedvalidatingvalidationvalidityvalidlyvolumevolumesvolSublist 4 of the Academic Word Listaccessaccessedaccessesaccessibilityaccessibleaccessinginaccessible adequateadequacyadequatelyinadequaciesinadequacyinadequateinadequately annualannually apparentapparently approximateapproximatedapproximatelyapproximatesapproximatingapproximationapproximations attitudeattitudes attributeattributableattributedattributesattributingattributioncivilcodecodedcodescodingcommitcommitmentcommitmentscommitscommittedcommitting communicatecommunicablecommunicatedcommunicatescommunicating communication communications communicativecommunicatively uncommunicative concentrateconcentratedconcentratesconcentratingconcentration conferconferenceconferencesconferredconferringconferscontrastcontrastedcontrastingcontrastivecontrastscyclecycledcyclescycliccyclicalcyclingdebatedebatabledebateddebatesdebating despitedimensiondimensionaldimensionsmultidimensional domesticdomesticallydomesticate domesticateddomesticatingdomesticsemergeemergedemergenceemergentemergesemergingerrorerroneouserroneouslyerrorsethnicethnicitygoalgoalsgrantgrantedgrantinggrantshencehypothesishypotheseshypothesisehypothesisedhypothesiseshypothesisinghypothesizehypothesizedhypothesizeshypothesizinghypotheticalhypotheticallyimplementimplementationimplementedimplementingimplementsimplicateimplicatedimplicatesimplicatingimplicationimplicationsimposeimposedimposesimposingimpositionintegrateintegratedintegratesintegratingintegrationinternalinternaliseinternalisedinternalisesinternalisinginternalizeinternalizedinternalizesinternalizinginternallyinvestigateinvestigatedinvestigatesinvestigatinginvestigationinvestigationsinvestigativeinvestigatorinvestigatorsjobjobslabellabeledlabelinglabelledlabellinglabelsmechanismmechanismsobviousobviouslyoccupyoccupancyoccupantoccupantsoccupationoccupationaloccupationsoccupiedoccupieroccupiersoccupiesoccupyingoptionoptionaloptionsoutputoutputsoverallparallelparalleledparallelledparallellingparallelsunparalleledparameterparametersphasephasedphasesphasingpredictpredictabilitypredictablepredictablypredictedpredictingpredictionpredictionspredictsunpredictabilityunpredictableprincipalprincipallypriorprofessionalprofessionallyprofessionalsprofessionalismprojectprojectedprojectingprojectionprojectionsprojectspromotepromotedpromoterpromoterspromotespromotingpromotionpromotionsregimeregimesresolveresolutionresolvedresolvesresolvingunresolvedretainretainedretainingretainerretainersretainsretentionretentiveseriesstatisticstatisticianstatisticiansstatisticalstatisticallystatisticsstatusstressstressedstressesstressfulstressingunstressedsubsequentsubsequently sumsummationsummedsummingsums summarysummariessummarisesummarisedsummarisessummarising summarisation summarisations summarization summarizations summarizesummarizedsummarizessummarizing undertakeundertaken undertakes undertaking undertookSublist 5 of the Academic Word Listacademyacademiaacademicacademically academicsacademies adjustadjustedadjustingadjustment adjustments adjustsreadjustreadjustedreadjusting readjustment readjustments readjusts alteralterablealterationalterationsalteredalteringalternatealternating altersunalterable unaltered amendamendedamendingamendment amendments amends awareawarenessunaware capacitycapacitiesincapacitate incapacitated challengechallengedchallengerchallengers challengeschallenging clauseclauses compoundcompounded compounding compounds conflictconflictedconflictingconflicts consultconsultancy consultantconsultants consultation consultationsconsultativeconsultedconsultsconsultingcontactcontactablecontactedcontactingcontactsdeclinedeclineddeclinesdecliningdiscretediscretelydiscretiondiscretionaryindiscreteindiscretiondraftdrafteddraftingdraftsredraftredraftedredraftingredraftsenableenabledenablesenablingenergyenergeticenergeticallyenergiesenforceenforcedenforcementenforcesenforcingentityentitiesequivalentequivalenceevolveevolutionevolvedevolvingevolvesevolutionaryevolutionistevolutionistsexpandexpandedexpandingexpandsexpansionexpansionismexpansiveexposeexposedexposesexposingexposureexposuresexternalexternalisationexternaliseexternalisedexternalisesexternalisingexternalityexternalizationexternalizeexternalizedexternalizesexternalizingexternallyfacilitatefacilitatedfacilitatesfacilitiesfacilitatingfacilitationfacilitatorfacilitatorsfacilityfundamentalfundamentallygenerategeneratedgeneratesgeneratinggenerationgenerationsimageimageryimagesliberalliberaliseliberalismliberalisationliberalisedliberalisesliberalisingliberalizationliberalizeliberalizedliberalizesliberalizingliberateliberatedliberatesliberationliberationsliberatingliberatorliberatorsliberallyliberalslicencelicenceslicenselicensedlicensinglicensesunlicensed logicillogicalillogicallylogicallogicallylogicianlogicians marginmarginalmarginally margins medicalmedically mentalmentalitymentally modifymodification modifications modifiedmodifiesmodifyingunmodified monitormonitored monitoring monitorsunmonitored networknetworked networking networks notionnotions objectiveobjectively objectivity orientorientateorientatedorientatesorientation orientating orientedorientingorientsreorientreorientation perspectiveperspectivespreciseimprecisepreciselyprecisionprimeprimacypsychologypsychologicalpsychologicallypsychologistpsychologistspursuepursuedpursuespursuingpursuitpursuitsratioratiosrejectrejectedrejectingrejectionrejectsrejectionsrevenuerevenuesstableinstabilitystabilisationstabilisestabilisedstabilisesstabilisingstabilizationstabilizestabilizedstabilizesstabilizingstabilityunstablestylestyledstylesstylingstylishstylisestylisedstylisesstylisingstylizestylizedstylizesstylizingsubstitutesubstitutedsubstitutessubstitutingsubstitutionsustainsustainablesustainabilitysustainedsustainingsustainssustenanceunsustainablesymbolsymbolicsymbolicallysymbolisesymbolisessymbolisedsymbolisingsymbolismsymbolizesymbolizedsymbolizessymbolizingsymbolstargettargetedtargetingtargetstransittransitedtransitingtransitiontransitionaltransitionstransitorytransitstrendtrendsversionversionswelfarewhereasSublist 6 of the Academic Word Listabstractabstractionabstractionsabstractlyabstracts accurateaccuracyaccuratelyinaccuracyinaccuraciesinaccurate acknowledgeacknowledgedacknowledgesacknowledgingacknowledgement acknowledgemens aggregateaggregatedaggregatesaggregatingaggregation allocateallocatedallocatesallocatingallocationallocations assignassignedassigningassignmentassignmentsassigns reassignreassignedreassigningreassignsunassignedattachattachedattachesattachingattachmentattachmentsunattachedauthorauthoredauthoringauthorsauthorshipbondbondedbondingbondsbriefbrevitybriefedbriefingbrieflybriefscapablecapabilitiescapabilityincapablecitecitationcitationscitedcitingcitescooperatecooperatedcooperatescooperatingcooperationcooperativecooperativelyco‑operateco‑operatedco‑operatesco‑operationco‑operativeco‑operativelydiscriminatediscriminateddiscriminatesdiscriminatingdiscriminationdisplaydisplayeddisplayingdisplaysdiversediverselydiversificationdiversifieddiversifiesdiversifydiversifyingdiversitydomaindomains editeditededitingeditioneditionseditoreditorialeditorialseditorsedits enhanceenhancedenhancement enhancesenhancing estateestates exceedexceededexceedingexceeds expertexpertiseexpertlyexperts explicitexplicitly federalfederationfederations feefeesflexibleflexibilityinflexibleinflexibility furthermoregendergenders ignorantignoranceignoreignoredignoresignoring incentiveincentives incidenceincidentincidentally incidents incorporateincorporated incorporates incorporating incorporation indexindexedindexesindexing inhibitinhibitedinhibitinginhibitioninhibitionsinhibits initiateinitiatedinitiatesinitiatinginitiationinitiationsinitiativeinitiativesinitiatorinitiators inputinputs instructinstructioninstructedinstructinginstructionsinstructiveinstructorinstructorsinstructsintelligentintelligenceintelligentlyunintelligentintervalintervalslecturelecturedlecturerlecturerslectureslecturingmigratemigrantmigrantsmigratedmigratesmigratingmigrationmigrationsmigratoryminimumministryministeredministeringministerialministriesmotivemotivatemotivatedmotivatesmotivatingmotivationmotivationsmotivesunmotivatedneutralneutralisationneutraliseneutralisedneutralisesneutralisingneutralityneutralizationneutralizeneutralizedneutralizesneutralizingneverthelessoverseasprecedeprecededprecedenceprecedentprecedesprecedingunprecedentedpresumepresumablypresumedpresumespresumingpresumptionpresumptionspresumptuousrationalirrationalrationalisationrationalisationsrationaliserationalisedrationalisesrationalisingrationalismrationalityrationalizationrationalizationsrationalizerationalizedrationalizesrationallyrecoverrecoverablerecoveredrecoveringrecoversrecoveryrevealrevealedrevealingrevealsrevelationrevelationsscopesubsidysubsidiarysubsidiessubsidisesubsidisedsubsidisessubsidisingsubsidizesubsidizedsubsidizessubsidizingtapetapedtapestapingtracetraceabletracedtracestracingtransformtransformationtransformationstransformedtransformingtransformstransporttransportationtransportedtransportertransporterstransportingtransportsunderlieunderlayunderliesunderlyingutiliseutilisationutilisedutilisesutilisingutiliserutilisersutilityutilitiesutilizationutilizeutilizedutilizesutilizing。