2017年中山大学考研试题241英语
2022年中山大学241英语二外考研真题和答案
2022年中山大学241英语二外考研真题和答案2022年中山大学《241英语（二外）》考研全套内容简介•中山大学外国语学院《241英语（二外）》历年考研真题及详解•全国名校二外英语考研真题详解说明：本部分收录了本科目近年考研真题，提供了答案及详解，并对常考知识点进行了归纳整理。
此外提供了相关院校考研真题，以供参考。
2．教材教辅•李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】说明：以上为本科目参考教材配套的辅导资料。
•试看部分内容2003年中山大学外国语学院221英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. We have already purchased ____ to furnish our new house.A. many furnituresB. some furnitureC. several furnitureD. a few furnitures【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们已经为新房子买了几件家具。
furniture为不可数名词，而some，several，a few都只能修饰可数名词，所以A、C、D错误。
some既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。
【2017考研英语答案】广东2017考研英语一真题及答案（文字版）
【2017考研英语答案】广东2017考研英语一真题及答案（文字版）考研英语频道在考后为大家提供广东2017考研英语一真题及答案(文字版)，更多考研真题及答案、考研成绩查询信息、考研分数线、考研调剂信息请关注我们网站的更新!广东2017考研英语一真题及答案(文字版)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker ofintimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout【答案】[B] Besides2.[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior【答案】[A] connected3.[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host【答案】[D] host4.[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep【答案】[C] avoid5.[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting【答案】[B] involving6.[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on【答案】[D] on7.[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted【答案】[B] exposed8.[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out【答案】[C] down9.[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined【答案】[A] calculated10.[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained【答案】[D] explained11.[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus【答案】[A] Even12.[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors【答案】[B] symptoms13.[A] minimized [B] highlighted [C] controlled [D] increased【答案】[D] increased14.[A] equipped [B] associated [C] presented [D] compared【答案】[B] associated15.[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record【答案】[C] generate16.[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in the name of【答案】[A] in the face of17.[A] transfer [B] commit [C] attribute [D] return【答案】[C] attribute18.[A] because [B] unless [C] though [D] until【答案】[A] because19.[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases【答案】[C] remains20.[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences【答案】[D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports withincreasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reasonis sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.【答案】[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.【答案】[C] An increase in the number of travelers.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.【答案】[A] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.【答案】[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes【答案】[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution。
(完整word)2017考研英语一真题及答案解析,推荐文档
2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2. A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3. A．view B．host C．lesson D．choice4. A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5. A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6. A．on B．in C．at D．of7. A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8. A．along B．across C．down D．out9. A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errorsD．tests13.A．highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．generate C．moderate D．record16. A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influencesSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1First two hours, now three hours —this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downedover the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding toomuch of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public supportfor the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combinedwith a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is notyet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, thoughthe airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to bea win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers whoare higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million peoplein PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to[A] quieter.[B] cheaper.[C] wider.[D] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests haveerupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation. Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features.[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Ye t this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longerenough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35. Which of the following is the best for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson[B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C] Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a j ury thatit must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their conc erns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle agains t both corruption and official favoritism.36. The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s co nduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs B andD have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on theANSWER SHEET.（10 points）[A] The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Polar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" inThe Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, because a national figure.[C] Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt, was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D] Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer, Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office -- a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. InOliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from theworkhouse to the criminal slums of London. NicholasNickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of thesenovels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but Britishschoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.Section ⅣWriting51 directionsYou are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australia professor, recommending some tourist attraction in your city. Please give reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the answer sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address。
(回忆版)2017中山大学专业课考研真题：英语语言文学
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（回忆版）2017中山大学专业课考研真题：英语语言文学
聚英考研网整理了2017年中山大学考研专业课英语语言文学真题（回忆版），仅供大家参考，欢迎广大考生纠正补充，希望能对2018年考研的同学们有所帮助。
第一部分语言学部分75分
首先是10个写音标的题20分
十个填空题20分
名词解释五个25分分别是assimilation
performative utterance
mood creole plosive
最后两个论述题20分第一个是说context对意义理解的作用
第二个是什么life gives us different experiences 然后影响到the impression of the utterance？大概是这样。
第二部分文学75分
13个选择题考到的作家有简奥斯丁勃朗特狄更斯henry james .dreiser...
然后莎士比亚的sonnet 18
14题简答sonnet 18的主题
15题john donne的诗一首我没读过的诗然后分析这首诗的metaphysical conceit 问诗的流派及其特点.
16题12分emerson的nature 问是如何体现他的玄学理念的
17题20分yeats的第二次降临这首诗反映了20世纪初的历史状况.结合现代文学运动来谈谈这首诗？。
2017年中山大学833英语语言文学考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2017年中山大学833英语语言文学考研真题及详解Part ⅠLinguistics (75 points)1. Transcribe the following words into IPA symbols, with stress marking where necessary. (20 points)Example: see /siː/; below / bɪ'ləʊ/(1) thank【答案】/θæŋk/(2) curious【答案】/'kjʊəriəs/(3) butcher【答案】/'bʊtʃə(r)/(4) washed【答案】/wɒʃt/(5) competence【答案】/'kɒmpɪtəns/(6) singer【答案】/'sɪŋə(r)/(7) column【答案】/'kɒləm/(8) chimney【答案】/'tʃɪmni/(9) expertise【答案】/ˌekspɜ:'ti:z/(10) confused【答案】/kən'fju:zd/2. Fill in the following blanks. (10 points)(1) When languages share major features that transcend families it may be useful toarrange them by such features rather than by family. This is the study of _____. 【答案】language【解析】Linguistics is the scientific study of language.(2) A principal distinction between morphology and syntax is that the former isconcerned with the internal composition of a word, whereas the latter is concerned with _____ of words.【答案】combinations【解析】Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. It studies the minimal units of meaning- morphemes and word -formation processes. Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structure.(3) _____ _____ is the accent of Standard English in the United Kingdom, with arelationship to regional accents similar to the relationship in other European languages between their standard varieties and their regional forms.【答案】Received pronunciation【解析】Received pronunciation is an accent of Standard English in the United Kingdom, and is defined as “the standard accent of English as spoken in the south of England”.(4) Cognates are words that have a _____ etymological origin.【答案】common【解析】A word is cognate with another if both derive from the same word in an ancestral language.(5) A _____ condition is a condition that must apply before an utterance can constitute a speech act.【答案】felicity【解析】Though performatives cannot be true or false, there are still conditions for them to meet to be appropriate or felicitous. These conditions are called felicity conditions.(6) Embedding is the _____ of one clause within another.【答案】inclusion【解析】Embedding refers to the means by which one clause is included in the sentence (main clause) in syntactic subordination.(7) Language is a form of human communication by means of a system of _____principally transmitted by vocal sounds.【答案】symbols【解析】Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.(8) The means employed by a language to indicate the relationship between theelements of a sentence include _____ _____, a case system, prepositions and particles.【答案】relative clause【解析】The elements of a sentence can be linked grammatically by means of relative clause, a case system, prepositions and particles.(9) _____ refers to the way that a word has a form appropriate to the number orgender of the noun or pronoun it relates to.【答案】Agreement【解析】Agreement or concord is defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes that stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another., shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category (or categories).(10) When we consider how language has changed over time we are looking at itfrom a _____ point of view.【答案】diachronic【解析】When we study language developments through time, it is called diachronic linguistics. It focuses on the differences in two or more than two states of language over decades or centuries.3. Define the following terms. (25 points)(1) assimilation【答案】Sounds belonging to one word or one syllable can cause changes in soundsbelonging to neighboring words or syllables. This is called assimilation. For example, in English the negative prefix occurs as im- before words such as possible: impossible. As “possible”starts with a bilabial sound, the prefix im- ends in a bilabial sound. Before words like tolerant, however, the prefix is in-: intolerant. As “tolerant” starts with an alveolar sound, the prefix in- ends in an alveolar sound. As the following sounds bring about the change, this process is called regressive assimilation. On the other hand, the difference between the [s] in the English word cats and the [z] in the English word “dogs”is an example of progressive assimilation because the preceding sounds bring about the change.(2) performative utterance【答案】Austin distinguishes two types of sentences: performatives and constatives. Some sentences do not describe things. They cannot be said to be true or false. The uttering of these sentences is, or is a part of, the doing of an action. So they are called performatives. Although performatives cannot be true or false, there are still conditions for them to meet to be appropriate or felicitous. And these conditions are called felicity conditions.(3) mood【答案】Mood is one of the realization means of interpersonal function. Mood shows what role the speaker selects in the speech situation and what he assigns to the addressee. If the speaker selects the imperative mood, he assumes the role of。
2017年中山大学国际翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2017年中山大学国际翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART ⅠGRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS) There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _____ in the public mind today.A. existingB. to existC. existsD. have exist【答案】C【解析】句意：由于登山存在的危险而产生的焦虑不应像如今公众心里所想的那么多。
此处考查比较状语从句中的省略问题，than或者as引导的比较状语从句中和主句重复的部分可以省略，所以空格后的比较状语从句其实省略了主语anxiety。
2. I knew that I would have to do everything I could to keep _____ being anxious or desperate.A. out ofB. fromC. atD. up【答案】B【解析】句意：我知道，我原本可以尽我所能来使自己免于陷入焦虑或绝望。
keep sb. from doing阻止或约束（自己或他人）做某事。
3. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _____ they can limit how much water you drink.A. much more thanB. no more thanC. no less thanD. any more than【答案】D【解析】句意：他们没有理由限制你服用多少维生素，正如他们不能限制你喝多少水一样。
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．FOB正确答案：船上交货价格，离岸价格(Free on Board)2．Futures business正确答案：期货交易3．Silicon Valley正确答案：硅谷4．Multipolarity正确答案：多极性5．Ramadan正确答案：斋月6．genetic mutation正确答案：基因突变7．diplomatic asylum正确答案：外交庇护8．International Herald Tribune正确答案：《国际先驱论坛报》9．bubble economy正确答案：泡沫经济10．NAFTA正确答案：北美自由贸易协定(North American Free Trade Agreement) 11．South-South Cooperation正确答案：南南合作12．e-government正确答案：电子政务13．Hegemonism正确答案：霸权主义14．Brexit正确答案：英国脱欧15．presidential debate正确答案：总统竞选辩论汉译英16．常务委员正确答案：member of the standing committee17．传统产业正确答案：traditional industry18．不良贷款正确答案：non-performing loan19．优惠关税正确答案：preferencial tariff20．《论语》正确答案：The Analects of Confucius21．欲速则不达正确答案：Fool’s haste is no speed. /More haste, less speed.22．整顿煤矿正确答案：crack down on illegal coal mining23．总供给正确答案：aggregate supply24．长治久安正确答案：long-term stability25．保险索赔正确答案：insurance claims26．出口配额正确答案：export quotas27．综合国力正确答案：comprehensive national strength28．法制观念正确答案：legal consciousness29．国家质量监督检验检疫总局正确答案：General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China30．安居工程正确答案：Comfortable Housing Project英译汉31．The idea that American bosses are obscenely overpaid is conventional wisdom, and not just among the true believers at the Democratic convention. The New York Times complains of “fat paychecks to chief executives who, by many measures, don’t deserve them. “ Forbes, hardly the in-house journal of Occupy Wall Street, frets that CEO pay is “gravity-defying”. An issue in April gave warning that “our report on executive compensation will only fuel the outrage over corporate greed. This orthodoxy rests on three propositions: that CEO pay just keeps on going up; that it is not tied to performance; and that boards are not doing their job of holding fat cats’ paws to the fire. These propositions in turn rest on a bigger argument: that CEOs are using their political power to rig the system, and that an efficient market for talent would produce very different results. The Dodd-Frank law of 2010 required all public firms to hold an annual “say on pay” vote for top executives. But turnover rates suggest that boards have been getting tougher on CEOs for years. And last year, despite a lot of noise by activists, shareholders voted to uphold 98% of pay proposals. The evidence suggests that CEO pay is determined mostly by supply and demand, not bad corporate governance or skewed incentives. Companies compete for scarce talent. They reap big rewards for a smart hire because they are growing larger and more global. They suffer big losses from a bad hire for much the same reason. They pay what it takes to woo the best bosses, and sack them if they stumble. That is how it should work. -------Selected from “Bargain Bosses” , the Economics 正确答案：民主党大会上一些人坚定地认为美国高管的薪资过高，而且持这种观点的人并非少数。
中山大学2017~2018年翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
中山大学2017年翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART ⅠGRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS)There are thirty sentences in this section Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _____ in the public mind today.A. existingB. to existC. existsD. have exist【答案】C【解析】句意：由于登山存在的危险而产生的焦虑不应像如今公众心里所想的那么多。
than 在这里可视为特殊的关系代词，出现在more ... than, less ... than, fewer ... than等结构中，在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语，以充当主语为多。
2. I knew that I would have to do everything I could to keep _____ being anxious or desperate.A. out ofB. fromC. atD. up【答案】B【解析】句意：我知道，我原本可以尽我所能来使自己免于陷入焦虑或绝望。
keep sb. from doing阻止或约束（自己或他人）做某事。
3. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _____ they can limit how much water you drink.A. much more thanB. no more thanC. no less thanD. any more than【答案】D【解析】句意：他们没有理由限制你服用多少维生素，正如他们不能限制你喝多少水一样。
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础考研真题及详解PART I VOCABULARY TRANSLATION[60MIN](1×30=30POINTS) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH[30MIN]1.常务委员【答案】Standing Committee Member2.传统产业【答案】traditional industries3.不良贷款【答案】non-performing loan4.优惠关税【答案】preferential duty5.《论语》【答案】The Analects of Confucius6.欲速则不达【答案】Haste makes waste.7.整顿煤矿【答案】rectify coal-mines8.总供给【答案】aggregate supply9.长治久安【答案】the lasting political stability10.保险索赔【答案】insurance claim11.出口配额【答案】export quotas12.综合国力【答案】comprehensive national strength13.法制观念【答案】legal sense14.国家质量技术监督局【答案】CSBTS(State Bureau of Quality Technical Supervision)15.安居工程【答案】comfortable housing projectSECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE[30MIN]1.FOB【答案】离岸价2.Futures business【答案】期货交易3.Silicon Valley【答案】硅谷4.Multipolarity【答案】多极化5.Ramadan【答案】斋月6.Genetic mutation十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台圣才电子书【答案】基因突变7.Diplomatic asylum【答案】外交庇护8.International Herald Tribune【答案】国际先驱论坛报9.Bubble economy【答案】泡沫经济10.NAFTA【答案】北美自由贸易协定11.South-South Cooperation【答案】南南合作12.E-government【答案】电子政务13.Hegemonism【答案】霸权主义14.Brexit【答案】英国退欧15.Presidential debate【答案】总统辩论PART II TRANSLATION[120MIN](2×60=120POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION[60MIN]人生是什么？人生的真相如何？人生的意义何在？人生的目的是何？这些人生最重大最中心的问题，不只是古来一切大宗教家、哲学家所殚精竭虑以求解答的。