初中英语宾语从句之直接引语和间接引语
中学英语语法讲解：直接引语与间接引语
中学英语语法讲解：直接引语与间接引语一、概说引用别人的话一般有两种方式，一种是直接述别人的原话，并把它放在引号内，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人的话，并且不能用引号，这就是间接引语。
间接引语在许多情况下构成宾语从句。
如：“I want to buy a house in the country.”Jack said. 杰克说：“我想在乡下买座房子。
”(直接引语)Jack said that he wanted to buy a house in the country. 杰克他说他想在乡下买座房子。
(间接引语)“Did you buy any books for me?”he asked his mother. 他问他母亲：“给我买书没有?”He asked his mother if he had bought any books for him. 他问他母亲给他买书没有。
“Don’t sleep in class again.”the teacher told Jim. 老师对吉姆说：“上课不要再睡觉了。
”The teacher told Jim not to sleep in class again. 老师叫吉姆上课不要再睡觉了。
二、直接引语变间接引语的五点变化1. 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即：一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时也变为过去完成时，等等(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语可以不变)。
另外，若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等，也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to，也可不变，should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)：“I want to stay here.”he said. 他说：“我想留在这儿。
初中英语-直接引语和间接引语
初中英语-直接引语和间接引语本文将介绍初中英语课程中的语法知识点——直接引语和间接引语。
本文将从基本概念、语法形式、使用方法、注意事项等方面详细介绍该知识点。
一、基本概念直接引语和间接引语是英语中常见的语法现象。
它们分别指的是述语动词的宾语部分是直接引用别人的话语（直接引语）或间接引用别人的话语（间接引语）。
例如，直接引语可以是：“He is a good boy,” said Mary.在这个例子中，“He is a good boy”是Mary的话，直接引语就是这句话。
而间接引语可以是：Mary said (that) he was a good boy.在这个例子中，“he was a good boy”是Mary的原话，但是没有直接引用，而是通过间接引用的方式呈现出来。
二、语法形式1. 直接引语直接引语的语法形式为：引言词（said, told, shouted等）+引语（用引号括起来）+标点符号。
例如：“Can I have a glass of water?” asked John.“I love you,” said the little girl.2. 间接引语间接引语的语法形式为：引言词（said, told, shouted等）+that从句（即原话的内容）。
例如：John asked if he could have a glass of water.The little girl said that she loved me.需要注意的是，当引言词是ask, inquire, wonder等疑问词时，that从句可省略。
例如：John asked whether he could have a glass of water.三、使用方法1. 直接引语直接引语一般用在引言人讲话的情境下，以体现讲话人的语气和情感。
例如：“Get out of here!” yelled the teacher.“Congratulations on your graduation,” said the principal.2. 间接引语间接引语一般用在转述别人的话语，或者是将别人讲话的内容作为证据等场合。
初二英语直接间接引语知识点2023
初二英语直接间接引语知识点2023直接与间接引语是英语语法中的重要知识点，对于初二学生而言，掌握这些知识对于提高英语口语、写作和阅读理解能力都是至关重要的。
本文将对初二英语直接与间接引语知识点进行详细介绍和解释。
直接引语（Direct Speech）是将别人直接说的话原原本本地引述出来，一般使用引号括起来。
例如：“I love English,” Lisa said.（“我喜欢英语，”丽莎说道。
）直接引语中的句子与主句之间用逗号隔开。
间接引语（Indirect Speech）则是将别人说的话转述成间接的方式，不再使用引号括起来，而是通过动词引导的宾语从句来表达。
例如：Lisa said that she loved English.（丽莎说她喜欢英语。
）注意，间接引语中的时态、人称和地点等要根据实际情况进行相应的变化。
接下来，让我们来看一些常见的变化规则。
1. 时态变化：- 直接引语与间接引语的时态要发生变化，通常会向过去时转变。
- 一般现在时变成一般过去时：He said, "I am hungry."（他说，“我饿了。
”）→ He sa id that he was hungry.（他说他饿了。
） - 现在进行时变成过去进行时：She said, "I am studying."（她说，“我正在学习。
”）→ She said that she was studying.（她说她正在学习。
）- 一般过去时不变：They said, "We went to the park yesterday."（他们说，“我们昨天去公园了。
”）→ They said that they went to the park yesterday.（他们说他们昨天去公园了。
）2. 人称变化：- 直接引语与间接引语的人称也需要发生变化。
- 第一人称变成第三人称：He said, "I am happy."（他说，“我很快乐。
初中英语语法大全：直接引语和间接引语
初中英语语法大全：直接引语和间接引语语法要点：直接引语和间接引语属于宾语从句范畴。
直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，或引用自己说过的话，叫间接引语。
由于时间、地点以及人物都有可能起变化，所以间接引语中的时态、人称、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
①间接引语语序改为陈述句语序陈述句用that 引导，口语中常省略She said，例：“I am going to the cinema. ”→ She said she w as going to the cinema.②一般疑问句用if/whether连接，例：“Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me.→ She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane.③反意疑问句用if/whether连接，例：He asked，“You are a doctor，aren’t you?”→ He asked i f / whether I was a doctor.④特殊疑问句由原疑问词连接，例：He asked, “Who will come to help us?”→ He asked who would come to help them.She said, “Where have you been，Simon?”→ She asked Simon where he had been.⑤选择疑问句由whether…or 引导，例：Eddie said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?”→ Eddie asked whether that was a TV set or a computer.⑥祈使句用“tell /ask /order someone to do something” 结构，将动词原形变为动词不定式，例：“Put up your hands，” said the teacher.→ The teacher told them to put up their hands.“Don’t play football on the street，” the policeman said.→ The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street.如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应变化：直接引语间接引语一般现在时→ 一般过去时现在进行时→ 过去进行时现在完成时→ 过去完成时一般过去时→ 过去完成时过去完成时→ 过去完成时一般将来时→ 过去将来时①指示代词this →thatthese → those②时间状语now → thentoday → that daytonight → that nightthis morning → that morningtomorrow → the next daynext week → the next weekyesterd ay → the day beforelast week → the week beforethree days ago → three days before③地点状语here → there④动词come → go特别提示：以上变化要根据说话的实际情况来定，不要机械地照搬。
宾语从句,直接引语和间接引语
宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念：在复合句中,充当宾语的是个句子，或者说句子作宾语。
2.位置：动宾，介宾3.句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句的引导词：一、当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
例：1.LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.2.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.二、在主句为动词be加某些形容词，如sorry,sure,afraid,glad……作表语时（be+a.看作是一个动词词组），后面所跟从句也是宾语从句。
例：1.I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.2.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。
三、当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），if/whether 虽然不作成分，但是译为：“是否”，所以不能省略。
例：1.Lilywantedtoknow（if/whether）hergrandmalikedthehandbag.2.Let’ssee（if/whether）wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.注：1.当句中有or或者ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.四、当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,why，how,howmany,howold,howlong,……,）引导，每个连接词在从句中都担任一定的句子成分，意思各不相同，所以不可以省略。
宾语从句直接引语与间接引语
东城双语初中 赵英
直接引语变
间接引语
Direct Speech & Indirect Speech
直接引语转换为间接引语
引述别人的话有两种方式： 一是使用引号引出人家的原话，叫做直接引语； 一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，叫做间接引语。 例如： She said, “I„m going to London with my father.” （引号内 是直接引语） She said that she was going to London with her father. （宾语从句是间接引语）
B)填空完成间接引语，每空一词。
6. “Don't forget to give the message to my wife,” he said to Li Ping. He __Li Ping ___ ___ forget to give the message to ___ wife. 7. “Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said. He ___ his mother __ help ___ find ___shirt. 8. “Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to the guard. The officer___ the guard ____ _____ ____ knife to cut the boots open. 9. “Don't spend too much time on football!” Mother said to me. Mother ____ me _____ _____ _____ too much time on football. 10. “Will you sleep and get up early, children?” Father said. Father _____ the children _____ ____ and _____ up early.
直接引语和间接引语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) 1
直接引语和间接引语知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）
直接引语：直接引述别人的话，用引号“”括示；间接引语：转述别人的话，不用引号“ ”括示。
直接引语改为间接引语时，如引述动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应的变化。
应遵循下列规律：
1.各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化：
2.直接引语变间接引语时，几种时态不变的特殊情况：
3.指示代词、时间、地点、时态、少数动词以及人称等一般要作相应的变化。
二重点难点必记（一）使用宾语从句应注意的几个问题。
直接引语和间接引语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) 5
直接引语和间接引语知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）一、定义和基本区别直接引语是原封不动地引用原话，并将其置于引号内，以此保持说话人的原意、语气和风格。
这种引用方式能够精确传达说话人的情感和态度。
例如：“I am so happy today!” she exclaimed. （她喊道：“我今天非常高兴！”）在这个例子中，“I am so happy today!”就是直接引语，它直接引用了说话人的原话，保留了其原始的表达形式。
而间接引语则是用自己的话转述别人的话，通常不用引号。
在转述过程中，人称、时态等可能需要进行相应的调整，以适应新的语境。
间接引语更注重传达原话的核心意义，而不是其具体的表达形式。
例如：She exclaimed that she was very happy that day. （她喊道那天她非常高兴。
）在这个例子中，“she was very happy that day”是间接引语，它用自己的话转述了之前直接引语中的内容，并进行了人称和时态的调整。
二、两者转换方式时态和人称的转换：在将直接引语转换为间接引语时，学生常常难以正确处理时态和人称的变化。
例如，直接引语中的现在时，在转换为间接引语时可能需要变为过去时；第一人称和第二人称在转换时也可能需要相应调整。
例句：直接引语：He said, "I am studying English now."间接引语：He said that he was studying English then. (注意：现在时"am"变为过去时"was"，第一人称"I"变为第三人称"he")语序的调整：间接引语通常作为宾语从句出现，其语序与直接引语有所不同。
学生需要理解并掌握这种语序的调整。
例句：直接引语："Where are you going?" he asked.间接引语：He asked where I was going. (注意：疑问句语序变为陈述句语序)三、用法注意事项人称的变化直接引语中的人称代词（如I, you, he/she/it等）在变为间接引语时可能需要根据上下文进行调整。
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直接引述别人讲过的话叫做直接引语，引述的话通常放在引号内。
人说过的话叫做间接引语，间接引语在多数情况下构成的是宾语从句。
直接引语和间接引语之间可进行转换。
转换时通常注意人称、句式、时态和状语间、地点）方面的变化。
say to通常改为tell（一）人称变化：直接引语变间接引语时，的改变。
Eg. Uncle Lee said,”I will visit you after work.”said that he would visit me after work.变的方式与宾语从句的种类相同。
1、直接引语是陈述句时转换成间接引语即宾语从句时用that替代词引导，Eg Tom said,”My father get home from the park at six o’clock.---->Tomthat his father got home from the park at six o’clock. ”2语从句相同）的语序，同时引导词视情况而定。
（1）直接引语是一般疑问句时，用whether/if 引导，同时注意原句的谓语动词是say时，改成ask。
因为一般疑问句没有明确的肯定或否定结果所以用ask询问。
“Have you seen her somewhere?”her somewhere.（2）直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语时，疑问词不变，用疑问词+陈述句结构。
“what are you doing?”,she shouted at me.---->She asked me what I was（3）直接引语是选择问句时，变成间接引语，可用ask或wonder出一个明确的结果，需要询问，所以用whether…or引导。
My father said,”Dolike apples or bananas?”apples or bananas.3、直接引语是祈使句转换成间接引语，要该写成一个to do的形式，即say to sb----eg （命令）tell sb to do sth tell sb not to do sth(请求not to do stheg “Don’t move,Tom”, my mother said .---.>My mother told me not to“Happy new year to you”,Mr Zhang said to me--->Mr Zhang wished me to be4、直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，+动名词（或从句）。
”如：He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或Hesuggested that they should go to see the film.5谓语用wish eg “What a lovely dog！”he said --->He said it is a lovelya lovely dog it is.1。
2. told, had, seen。
3. she, had, gone。
4. is。
5. had, before。
had, there。
7. had, before。
8. asked, if (whether), before。
9. told, could。
11. where, I, had, those。
12. if (whether), I, lived。
14. not, to, look。
15. asked, if (whether), that。
：复习宾语从句的四种句式:句式1:“Please keep quite because the baby is sleeping”, she said to me.2:．Tom says ，“ I like playing football very much.．They said,“ we have come here by car.”2They said ______________________.3．Kate said,“ I will have a party in my home tomorrow .”Kate said ___________________________________________.4．The teacher told us. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The teacher told us_____________________________________.5．The teacher said to us. “You should study hard.”The teacher said to us __________________________________.句式3:1. Jim asked,“ Can you mend the computer for me？”Jim asked______________________________.2. She said to her friend,“Did you finish your homework？”She ___________________.3.“Would you come to my home or not ?” She didn’t know.She d idn’t know____________.句式4:1. “What will you do in the coming holiday?” Miss Li asked us.Miss Li asked us ______________________.2. I asked Li Ming ,“ When did you finish your homework？”I asked Li Ming ______________________________.3．“Where does she live？”c ould you tell me？Could you tell me______________________?4. “What’s wrong with you, Lucy?” Jim asked.Jim asked ________________________.1. I don’t know when I will come back.. (改为同义句)I do n’t know _________________________.2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office? (改为同义句)Could you tell me_____________________?4. Mike is learning _____ a computer.A. how can he useB. how to useC. how he useD. how to using5. --- Hi, Tom! Can you tell me when ____ for London?--- Yes, tomorrow afternoon.A. leavingB. leavesC. to leaveD. are leaving6. I really don’t know __________.A. what to doB. how to doC. what to do itD. to do what 二: 单选:1.Do you know _________? They moved here soon after their son was born.A. when would the Greens move hereB. when the Greens moved hereC. the Greens would move hereD. when the Greens would move here 2. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be3. --- Have you finished your project yet?--- Not yet. The teacher said it ______ tomorrow.A. could be handed inB. can be handed inC. can hand inD. could hand in4. --- Mike wanted to know if you ____ a picnic the next day.--- Yes, but if it ____, we’ll visit the museum instead.A. have, will rainB. would have, will rain C would have, rains D. have, rains5. She said she ____ for the test. You can test her even now.A. has preparedB. had preparedC. will prepareD. would prepare6. We couldn’t find out _____, so we handed it in to the teacher.A. whose pen was itB. whose pen it wasC. it was whose penD. whose pen is it7. Who can tell us ____ over there?A. what do they talkB. what are they talking aboutC. what they talkD. what they are talking about8. He didn’t know ______he should go or not.A. ifB. weatherC. thatD. whether三、把直接引语改为间接引语1. ‘Who are you going to see the film with?’ Could you tell me？Could you tell me _______________?2. ‘You will visit Aunt Wang this afternoon yourselves.’ Kelly said to her brothers. .3. The conduct or said to them, ‘ Show me yourtickets.’ .4. “ Who broke the window? The teacher asked .The teacher asked______5.‘Would you like to join us?’ I asked thestranger. .6. ‘Ice gets into water when it’s over zero.’ Ilearned. .Part4：时间状语、地点状语、指示代词和动词的变化：一. 单选:1. --- Where does he come from?--- Pardon?--- I asked where ______.A. did he come fromB. he came fromC. he comes fromD. does he come from2. Do you remember ____ last time?A. what is your teacher sayingB. what your teacher said3C. what your teacher saysD. what did your teacher say3. I don’t know ______or not.A. whether he is at homeB. if he is at homeC. that he is at homeD. whether is he at home4． --- Did you tell your brother where Susan _____?--- Yes, but I didn’t tell him she ____ until next week.A. has gone, won’t come homeB. went, don’t come homeC. had been, wouldn’t come homeD. had gone , wouldn’t come home5. There is not much difference between the two. I really don’t know _____.A. what should I chooseB. which I should chooseC. which should I chooseD. what to choose6. The teacher said that the earth _______round the sun.A. goesB. goC. wentD. will go7. Did you find out ______?A. she was looking for whose childB. whose child was she looking forC. whose child she is looking forD. whose child she was looking for8. I ’d like to tell you that you ______the exam.A. have passedB. had passedC. passD. will pass9. “Could you tell me______?” “ Yes.They ____ to the library.”A. where are the twins, have beenB. where were the twins, have beenC. where the twins are, have gone D, where the twins were, have gone10. Our father said that he ______ a new computer next week.A. will buyB. have boughtC. would buyD. buy二. 把直接引语改为间接引语1. ‘Please take good care of you little sister.’ Mum said toKate. .2. They wondered. ‘Shall we buy some food before we go for apicnic?’ .3.‘Does the little girl like to swim in the swimming pool?’ I wanted to know. .4. “Will you join the Party or not?” Lucy asked John.9.“Must I arrive the station at 6 o’clock ?” Mr White asked.6. “Don’t be late for school,” the teacher said to us.7.“Can you pass the book to me ,Kate?” Jim said .8. “I visited the museum last week.” He told me.9. “Man will die if there is no water or air,” he said.10. “I have finished my homework .” he told me.三.句型转换1．He doesn't know what he should do on weekends．（同义转换）He doesn't know_________on weekends．2．"I will write you a letter.”she said．（改为间接引语）She said that ___________a letter．3．“Could you send me some stamps?" she asked．（改为间接引语）She asked me____________send her some stamps．4．“ Be careful！” He said to me. （改为间接引语）5. “Light is faster than sound,” The teacher told us. （改为间接引语） The teacher told us________________6. “What is your mother doing？” Annie asked.Annie asked me___________. (改为间接引语）7. “Are you going to come tomorrow?” She asked me.She asked me________________.8. “Where did you go during the summer holidays?” he asked me. (改为间接引语) He asked me__________________.9. My friend asked me how to mend the bike.（改为宾语从句）My friend asked me______________________.10．“Are you leaving tomorrow or not?”Kate asked me. （改为宾语从句）Kate asked me______________.11.“Have my son passed the exam？” He is worried about . （改为宾语从句）He is worried about________ .12. She do esn’t know if/whether she should go to Lucy’s party. (改为同义句) She doesn’t know_____________.变直接引语为间接引语专项练习1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”2．She said: “He will be busy.”3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11．He said, “We are still students.’12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”15．She sai d, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.416．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19．I said to him, “I have finished it.20．She said to us,“I’ll come here tomorrow.”21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. 22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.23“Li ght tr avels faster than sound,”the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 25．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.附答案：1． He told me that he had left his book in his room.2． She said that he would be busy.3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9． My father said practice makes perfect.10．The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11． He said they are still students.12． He told me that he was born in 1978.13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967.14． He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. 16． Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19． I told him I had finished it.20． She told us she would come here next day。