高中英语必修五 Unit 3 Life in the future词汇拓展及巩固

高中英语必修五Unit 3 Life in the future

词汇拓展及巩固

拓展词汇

1.impression n.[U,C]印象;感想;印记

get/have a good/bad impression of 对......的印象好/不好

leave/make/give a/an...impression on sb.给某人留下......的印象

【词汇变形】

impress v. 给......以印象;使铭记

impressive adj.给人印象深刻的

impressionism n. 印象派,印象主义

impressionist n.印象派画家

impress sb. with sth. 某事(物)给某人留下印象

be impressed with/by 对......印象深刻

impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事物

2.take up

1)拿起

2)接受(建议或能得到的东西)

3)开始从事,学着做

4)继续

5)占去(空间或时间)

3.remind vt.使脊柱,提醒;使(某人)想起

remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事;使某人记起某事

=make sb. think of sth.

remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事

=make sb. remember to do sth.

remind sb.that/what/how...提醒某人......;使某人记起......

4.constantly adv.不断地

【词汇变形】

constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的

5.previous adj. 在前的;早先的(作前置定语)

previous to ... 在......之前,先于......

previous 指时间和次序在某事物之前

former 是latter的反义,意为"前者;以前的",强调前后对比

senior to...比......年长的

junior to...比......年轻的

inferior to...比......差的

superior to...比......更好的,比......更高的

similar to...与......相似

prior to...比......优先

6.uncertain adj.不确定的;无把握的

be uncertain about/of 对......不确定,对......拿不准

【词汇变形】

uncertainly adv.犹豫地,迟疑地

uncertainty n.犹豫,迟疑;无把握

7. guide n.&vt.

1)n.[C]向导,导游;指南,手册;指导

2)vt.指引;指导

guide sb.to/through/around...领着某人到/穿过/参观......

8.surroundings n.环境;周围的事物

【词汇辨析】

surroundings 自然环境

environment 自然环境或精神环境

【词汇变形】

surrounding adj.周围的

surround vt. 包围;环绕

9.tolerate vt.

1)容忍;忍受=bear/stand/put up with+doing

2)(对药物)有耐受性,能经受住(困难条件)

【词汇变形】

tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的

tolerance n.忍受,容忍,宽容

10.as though=as if 好像

虚拟语气时

1)与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)2)与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用had+过去分词

3)与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6c18991976.html,ck n.&v.

1)n.[U]缺乏;[C]短缺的东西

(a)lack of 缺乏

for lack of 因缺乏

(have/there's)no lack of不缺少

2)v. 缺乏;没有

【词汇辨析】

lack [U]缺乏,[C]缺乏之物。整体或局部的"缺乏,不足" shortage 局部欠缺与lack 同义,但侧重数量不足

lacking adj.不足的,缺乏的(不用于名词前,be lacking in)

12.adjustment n. 调整;调节

make a adjustments to 对......进行调整

【词汇变形】

adjustable adj. 可调整的;可适应的

adjust vt.&vi. 调整;适应

adjust (oneself) to (使自己)适应

13.be/get back on one's feet (困境后)恢复,完全复原;重新站起来

stand on one's own feet 独立;自主

struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起身来

rise to one's feet 站起身来

jump to one's feet跳起来

14.fasten v.

1)(使两部分)系牢,扎牢

fasten...to/on将......系/扣/钉/装在......上

fasten A and B together 将A与B系/扣/钉/装在一起

2)(使)关紧,盖好

3)(眼睛)注视,盯住

fasten...on (使......)盯在......上

注视......的表达法:fasten one's attention/eyes on,fix one's attention/eyes on,stare at。

15.lose sight of 看不见;忽视,忘记(表动作)

catch sight of 看见

at first sight 初看时,乍一看

at the sight of 看见......时

in/with sight 在视野内;看得见

out of sight 视线以外,看不见(表状态)

16.in all directions =in every direction 朝四面八方

from the direction of 从......的方向,来自......的方向

in the direction of 朝......方向

17.sweep up 打扫,清扫

18.switch n. 开关;转换;vt.转换

a switch in 在......方面的转变

make a switch 作出改变

switch from...to由......转变为

switch on/off打开/关上(点灯火电器等)

switch over 转变;换频道

18.optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的

be optimistic about 对......持乐观态度

19.speed up 加速

slow down 减速,慢下来

20.speed v.&n.

1)v. 急行;加速,促进

2)n.[U,C]速度

at a speed of 以......的速度

with great speed 快速的

speed by 很快地过去,飞逝

at top/full speed 以全速

speed limit/restriction 速度限制

21.desert n.[C,U]沙漠,荒原;v.抛弃,离弃,遗弃(某人)

22.instant n.&adj.

1)n.[C]瞬间,片刻

2)adj. 立即的,立刻的

3)adj.即食的,方便的

at that instant 在那一瞬间

for an instant一瞬间

in an instant 立即;马上

the instant (that)一......就......=as soon as

表示马上,一......就......:

1)adv. immediately/directly/instantly +时间状语从句

2)名词短语the moment/the minute/the second/the year/the hour/every time /next time +时间状语从句

3)hardly...when...;no sooner ...than...

4)at/on+(动)名词一(听、看、想到)......就......

23.greedy adj.贪食的;贪婪的;贪心的

be greedy for 对......贪婪;极想得到

be greedy to do sth. 渴望/贪图做某事

greed n. 贪心,贪婪

24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下;n. 吞咽;燕子

swallow up 吞没;耗尽

25.representative n.&adj.

1)n.[C]代表;典型人物

2)adj.典型的,有代表性的

be representative of 是......的代表,代表......

=be characteristic/typical of 是......的特有的/典型的特征

26.settlement n. [C] (解决纷争的)协议;定居点;[U]解决;处理

settle/solve a problem

reach/achievement/come to/arrive at a settlement

一、核心词汇及词形转换

1.impression n.印象;感想;印记impressive adj.令人印象深刻的

2.previous adj.在前的;早先的

3.guide n.指导;向导;导游v t.指引;指导guidance n.指导

4.surroundings n.周围的事物;环境surrounding adj.周围的

surround v.包围;环绕

5.tolerate v t.容忍;忍受tolerance n.容忍;忍受

tolerant adj.容忍的

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6c18991976.html,ck v i.& v t.缺乏;没有n.缺乏;短缺的东西lacking adj.没有的;缺乏的;不足的

7.adjustment n.调整;调节adjust v.调整;适应

adjustable adj.可调节的

8.press v i.& v t.按;压;逼迫n.按;压;印刷;新闻pressure n.压力

9.desert n.沙漠;荒原v.抛弃;遗弃deserted adj.无人居住的;被遗弃的

10.greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的greed n.贪婪

11.optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的

12.swallow v t.吞下;咽下

13.settlement n.定居;解决

14.representative n.代表;典型人物adj.典型的;有代表性的represent v.代表

二、核心词组

1.take up拿起;接受;开始;继续

2.(a) lack of缺乏……

3.be back on one’s feet恢复;完全复原

4.lose sight of...看不见……

5.sweep up打扫;横扫

6.slide into(快捷而悄声地)移动;溜进……

7.speed up加速

8.be greedy for对……贪婪

三、词汇巩固

Ⅰ.语境填词

1.The government has already permitted the company to use special ___________(材料) to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.

2.You must chew your food well before you ___________(吞下) it.

3.Many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily________(回收利用) but require more energy to produce.

4.We are still ___________(乐观的), whatever the result may be.

5.Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every ___________(方面) of school life.

6.___________(以前的) studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content,which helps people to relax.

7.He has so far failed to make the___________(调整) from school to work.

8.Many people have given us advice and ___________(指导) on how to take care of the baby.

9.A lot of children at the school do not live in the town,but come from the ___________(surround) countryside.

10.The police found the wandering boy in a ___________(desert) building.

11.I think men are less ___________(tolerate) of stress than women.

12.You can stop bleeding by applying ___________(按压) close to the injured area.

13.You will not be ___________(lack) in support from me.

14.This is the most ___________(impress) architecture I’ve seen on this trip.

15.He looked at the shop window with ___________(贪婪的) eyes.

参考答案Ⅰ.语境填词

1.materials

2.swallow

3. recycled

4.optimistic

5.aspect

6.Previous

7.adjustment

8.guidance

9.surrounding

10.deserted

11.tolerant

12.pressure

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6c18991976.html,cking

14.impressive

15.greedy

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必修⑤Unit 3Life in the future 晨读晚练——先识记再仿写·及时巩固 (一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意 默想下面单词的词性和意义,不会的做出标记并核对识记 □1.tablet□2.aspect □3.previous □4.steward □5.stewardess □6.mask □7.carriage □8.mud □9.desert □10.citizen □11.typewriter □12.postage □13.receiver □14.greedy □15.swallow □16.goods □17.representative □18.ecology Ⅱ.写其形 1.v t.& v i. (使)闪光;(使)闪现 2.n. 开关;转换 v t. 转换 3.n. 打字员 4.n. 原料;材料 5.n. 垃圾箱 6.n. 纽扣;按钮 7.v t. 系牢;扎牢 8.n. 指导;向导;导游 v t. 指引;指导 核心单词练通 1.[2021·浙江卷6月]Before getting too excited about all of the fun things you will be able to do during the week,remember that you do have a pretty big (时刻表) change coming up. 2.[江苏卷]Human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions,but maybe their hearts can be a better (指导;向导). 3.[2021·浙江卷6月]She supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is (乐观的) about where they are headed. 4. [2021·天津卷6月]A tight schedule is no excuse for (缺乏) of action. 5.[2021·全国甲卷]You keep hearing about (回收利用),right?But it

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