非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作定语和状语
A A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
3). The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded D. being recorded
C Figure” award, a title _____ to ordinary
people for their contributions to
environmental protection.
A. being given B. is given
C. given
D. was given
不定式（to do)
②The question _b_e_i_n_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e(ddiscuss) at the
meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question __t_o_b_e__d_i_s_cu__s_se_d(discuss) at the
meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. have been bought D. buying
解析：此题学生最易错选的答案为Ａ或Ｃ。依据上面 陈述，填入Ａ或Ｃ句子都有两个谓语动词，而此 处两个动词并非并列谓语，也不是分别出现在主 从句中，故答案有误。该题正确答案为Ｂ， bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后 置定语，句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当 然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的，因为这一动 作出现在从句中。
非谓语动词做状语方法
非谓语动词做状语方法非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的形式，但不具备时态等谓语动词的特征。
非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
在句子中，非谓语动词可以充当状语，对动作或状态进行修饰和补充，使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面将介绍几种常见的非谓语动词做状语的方法。
一、动词不定式做状语动词不定式是由“to + 动词原形”构成的形式，在句子中可以作为状语来修饰动作或状态。
常见的动词不定式做状语的用法有以下几种：1. 作目的状语动词不定式可以表示动作的目的或出发点，常用的短语有“in order to”、“so as to”、“to”等。
例如：- I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.- He studied hard in order to pass the exam.2. 作结果状语动词不定式可以表示动作的结果或后果，常用的短语有“so as to”、“to”等。
例如：- She ran fast to catch the bus.- He worked hard to earn more money.动词不定式可以表示动作的方式，常用的短语有“to”、“in order to”等。
例如：- They danced together to celebrate the victory.- He spoke loudly to make himself heard.4. 作原因状语动词不定式可以表示动作的原因，常用的短语有“for”、“to”等。
例如：- She apologized to him for being late.- He thanked her for helping him.二、动名词做状语动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的名词形式，具有动词和名词的特点，可以作为状语来修饰动作或状态。
常见的动名词做状语的用法有以下几种：1. 作原因状语动名词可以表示动作的原因，常用的短语有“by”、“by means of”等。
非谓语动词做状语
非谓语动词做状语非谓语动词作为状语是指在句子中不能作谓语，但可以做状语的动词形式。
它可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语，可以提供句子里的信息，使句子充实而生动。
一、非谓语动词作时间状语1.由过去分词组成的状语过去分词表示过去发生的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去发生。
如：He left without saying goodbye, leaving me standing there alone.他没有说再见就走了，留下我独自站在那里。
2.由现在分词组成的状语现在分词表示正在进行的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该正在进行。
如：She comes to visit us every week, bringing us some nice food.她每周都会来看望我们，并带来一些美食。
3.由having done 组成的状语having done 表示过去已经完成的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去完成的动作之后发生。
如：Having finished the exam, he went home and had a good rest.考试结束之后，他回家好好休息了。
二、非谓语动词作原因状语由because of，due to，owing to，thanks to等引导，接名词或动词不定式，作原因状语，表示主句动作的原因。
如：Because of the heavy rain, we had to cancel our picnic.由于下雨，我们不得不取消野餐了。
三、非谓语动词作条件状语由if，unless，in case，on condition that，provided (that)，supposing (that)等引导，接动词不定式，作条件状语，表示“假设”的意思，表示主句动作的前提，即要想主句动作成立，必须满足什么条件。
非谓语动词做状语
二. done/being done/having been done 做状语 主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系； having been done 发生在主句谓语动词之前
1. Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful.
2. Compared with those who lived in the slums, Children here are really lucky.
过去分词可以以下成分:
1.表语 The teacher is moved. 2. 定语 I don’t like the man talked about at the party. 3. 宾补 We heard a song sung in her room. 4. 状语 Lost in a newspaper, She didn’t notice me.
He is too careful not to have noticed that. 他那么小心,肯定会注意到那一点的。 She is too sad not to help crying. 她那么伤心，忍不住哭了。 I am only too glad to help you.我很高兴能帮助你。 I am only never too glad to know you. 认识你我再高兴不过了。
s )
一. 非谓语动词做状语的形式： 二. doing/ having done 三. done/being done/having been done 四. to do/ to be done
五. 二. 做题方法：析句子结构，找逻辑主语， 辩逻辑关系，判动词先后
If I am given more time, I’ ll catch up with you.
_非谓语动词之分词作状语
4.Although they had been defeated many times， they conti谓语的动词，谓语是对主语动作或状态的 陈述或说明，指出“ 做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。
三、逻辑主语：是非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者；它们在逻辑上存在着 主谓关系或动宾关系，但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语，因此叫逻辑主语。
充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分
成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 类别
the sky. 他醒来发现大家都走了。（表示结果） 三、在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。
如： I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。 I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。 四，不定时作表语形容词的状语，和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关
词）前可加上适当连词如：while，when，once，if，unless，as if， though
*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦……”)
=Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.
系时，不定时多用主动形式，常见的形容词 easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant,good,fit ,comf ortable,safe,dangerous,impossible.
高考英语之非谓语动词作状语
高考英语之非谓语动词作状语高考英语的状语在句中主要修饰动词，形容词和句子，非谓语作状语常表：目的，时间，条件，结果，伴随，原因，让步，方式等。
下面为大家作进一步讲解。
1.to do 作状语,常表目的状语，结果状语，原因状语。
（1）表目的，译为“为了“例如：——Ｉget some money from the bank to buy you a gift.我从银行取了些钱，为了给你买份礼物。
——To be admitted into a key university, he buried himself into study.为了被重点大学录取，他专心致志于学习。
解析：to do 放句首，表强调。
另外：in order to , so as to 也表目的状语。
So as to 不放句首。
（2）表结果，常使用only/just to do, 却…，表意料之外的不良后果。
so/such ……as to do如此……以至于, ……enough to do，足够，too……to太……而不能……结构。
例如：——She is such a lazy girl as not to pass the exam.她是如此懒一个女孩，（以至于）没有及格。
解析：so 用法为So + adj. +a/an +n. 。
such用法为such + a/an +adj.+ n. 。
too 后用法与so相同。
Enough 前常用adj. 和adv. 。
注：n. 表名词。
adj.表形容词。
adv. 表副词。
——She hurried to the station , only to be told the train had left.她匆忙赶到车站，却被告知，火车已经离开了。
解析：only to do ,表意料之外的事，此处told 与she 之间为被动关系。
（3）作原因状语，常用在表情感，态度等形容词后。
例如：happy,surprised ,sorry 等。
非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。
若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。
这种结构称为“独立结构”。
其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。
非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语，逻辑主语的代词又是主格，故常称为“独立主格”。
“独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
例如：表示时间The meeting over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。
表示条件The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。
表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。
He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。
表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。
(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)用法独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
用作时间状语The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我们就回家了。
英语中非谓语动词作状语的用法
英语中非谓语动词作状语的用法1. 表示时间、条件、方式、让步或伴随情况，通常用现在分词或过去分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是主动关系，用现在分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是被动关系，用过去分词或现在分词分词的被动式。
如：Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。
2. 表示目的，通常要用不定式；表目的的不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之后，且常用于in order to, so as to 结构。
有时为了强调，可将不定式短语放到句首。
如：We used the computer to save time. 我们用电脑节约时间。
In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work.为了赶火车，她匆匆做完了她的工作。
注：不定式作状语只有表示目的时，才可以放到句首。
3. 表示原因，通常用分词短语，且多放在句首，有时也放在句末，多用逗号隔开。
如：Being very weak, she couldn’t move. 由于身体虚弱，她不能行动。
非谓语动词作状语Much discouraged, she came back home. 她很沮丧，回了家注：在表示情绪或情感反应的形容词(如happy, glad, sorry, sad, surprised, frightened, delighted, disappointed)后，可接不定式短语表示原因。
如：I’m very pleased to meet you. 会见你我很高兴。
I’m proud to be your friend. 当你的朋友我感到骄傲。
非谓语动词作状语和宾语补足语
宾语补足语
补充说明宾语的身份、特 征或状态，与宾语构成逻 辑上的主谓关系。
作用与功能
描述动作或状态
非谓语动词可以表示与谓语动词同 时发生或不同时发生的动作或状态，
使句子表达更加生动具体。
简化句子结构
通过使用非谓语动词，可以避 免过多的从句和连词，使句子 结构更加简洁明了。
She regretted not having taken his advice.（她后悔没有 听从他的建议。）
never+非谓语动词
用法：never+非谓语动词通常用 于现在或过去时态，强调动作的 未发生或未存在状态。
Never having been to Paris, she was excited about the trip.（从 未去过巴黎，她对这次旅行感到兴 奋。）
03
错误
非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时， 未加上相应的逻辑主语。
05
02
纠正方法
根据非谓语动词与句子主语的逻辑关系，确 定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。
06
04
纠正方法
根据句子谓语的时态和语态，确定使 用不定式还是动名词作宾语补足语。 同时，要注意不定式和动名词的区别 和用法。
纠正方法
在非谓语动词前加上相应的逻辑主语，以保持 句子的逻辑清晰和语法正确。
表示原因，如
I'm glad to see you. 我很高兴见到 你。
03
非谓语动词作宾语补足语
现在分词作宾语补足语
表示动作正在进行
现在分词作宾语补足语时，表示 动作正在进行或与谓语动词同时 发生。
非谓语动词作状语
• He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.
注意：
• 1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，常用于 一些系表结构中。此时的过去分词既不表被 动也不表完成，而表示一种状态。这样的词 有：lost；seated；hidden；lost/absorbed in； dressed in；tired of 等。
• Though beaten, we were not discouraged. • =Though we were beated, we..
• Once tasted, the dish is hard to forget. • =once it is tasted,语 的区别：
• 可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转 化为相应的状语从句
• 1.表时间 • Walking out of the room, he saw the boy still
there.
• = when he walked out of the room, he...
• Having made full preparations, we are ready for the exam.
• Honestly speaking, he is not fit for the job. • Judging from his accent, he is from the
south.
三、过去分词ed作状语
• 过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。 • 表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相
• If you don’t make use of time, you will regret.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语一、读下列例句，体会句子表达的意义1. 动词不定式作状语: 动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。
To learn English well, he went to England.In order to achieve the aim, we must learn from other countries.常可与in order to (为了)或so as to (以便)连用。
总结：1）状语He ran to the station only to find the train had left.His father died, leaving him a lot of debts.总结：2）状语动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别：1) 动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用构成only to do sth2) 动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。
We are excited to hear the news. 总结：3) 状语To turn to the left, you could find a post office. 总结：4) 状语2.动词ing形式作状语：可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句Walking out of the room, he saw the boy still there. =总结：1) 状语Being ill, he did n’t go to school yesterday. =总结：2) 状语His father died, leaving him a lot of money.=总结：3) 状语Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=总结：4) 状语Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.=总结：5) 状语He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.=总结：6) 状语3. 过去分词ed作状语: 过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。
表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相当于相应的状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.=总结：1) 状语Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.=总结：2) 状语Given more time, we could do it better.=总结：3) 状语Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.=总结：4) 状语Supported by a girl, the old man got off the bus.He turned away, disappointed.He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.总结：5) 状语二、辨析总结1．不定式作状语往往表示目的、结果、原因、条件和比较。
a.表示结果、原因时，不可置于句首。
e.g. He woke up to find everybody gone.My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.b.在某些表示喜，恕，哀，乐等的形容词后作原因状语：e.g. I am very glad to see you.I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill.不定式的时态与语态1) 不定式的一般式to do表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生He woke up to find everybody gone.2) 不定式的完成式to have done表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.3) 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。
不定式的被动语态一般式to be done常表示将来动作。
The press conference is to be held tomorrow.4) 不定式的被动语态完成式to have been done表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前The room seems to have been tidied up already2. 动词的-ing形式可以作状语,在句中往往时间、结果、原因、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。
a. 不定式和-ing形式作结果状语时的区别1. He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had left.2. The storm left , having caused a lot of damage to the area.b. 动词的-ing形式作条件状语时一般位于句首。
e.g Going straight down the road, you will find the department store.=If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store=Go straight down the road, and you will find the department storeV-ing的时态与语态1) V-ing的一般式doing表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生2.)V-ing的完成式having done表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前3) 当V-ing的逻辑主语是V-ing所表示的动作的承受者时, V-ing 要用被动语态。
V-ing的被动语态一般式（being done）表示的动作通常与与谓语动作同时发生。
V-ing的被动语态完成式（having been done）表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前3. 动词的-ed形式作状语时,在句中往往表示时间、结果、原因、条件、方式、让步等。
注意：“be+ 过去分词” 短语在句中出现时，改为非谓语动词作状语时，常用该动词的过去分词作状语be caught in be lost in be dressed in be seated be hiddenbe worn out be faced with be determined to do4. 总结1. 非谓语作状语(主动/被动)解题关键：主语与所填动词的主被动关系确定用V-ing/过去分词/ 不定式的主被动动式2. 非谓语作状语(一般式/完成式)解题关键：a. 如果和谓语动词几乎同时发生或紧接着发生用一般式b. 如果两个动作明显有先后/一个动作完成后另一动作才发生，用完成式。
3. 要注意的问题问题一祈使句+and/or+陈述句和To do…, +陈述句的区别_____the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you willhave a nice strong kite.A. To tieB. TyingC. TiedD. Tie问题二句子还是分词：如果句中有连词（and/ but / or ..），要用句子.____ but he still could not understand it.A. Told many timesB. Having been told many timesC. He has been told many timesD. Though he had been told many times问题三要特别注意非谓语的逻辑主语Finding her car stolen, _____.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help问题四注意介词+分词和连词+分词的用法1. On hearing the news, she began to cry.On returning to Beijing, she called on most of her friends. 非谓语动词的时态、语态主动被动一般式进行式完成式一般式完成式不定式to doto bedoingto havedonetobe doneto havebeen donev-ing doing /havingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone过去分词done三、巩固练习非谓语动词作状语: 非谓语动词作状语大多相当于一个状语从句A.作时间状语：eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.= _______________, they cou ldn’t help crying.②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.=_____________, he went home.B.作原因状语：Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder._______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away._____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost._________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.=_____________C.方式/伴随状语;Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot ofstudents.D.作条件状语：Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.=______________ , I would have done the job far better.②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.E.作结果状语：(意料中的结果)Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.区别: 不定式表示意外的结果eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.F.作让步状语：Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.= _____________, it cleared up very soon.②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, h e still risked his life to save the boy.分词作状语时, 需注意事项:A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city.巩固性练习1. Though ____ of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.A. warningB. to warnC. warnD. warned2. ____ from this point of view，the question will be of greatimportance.A. ConsideringB. ConsideredC. Being consideredD. Consider3. If ____ green，the door might look more beautiful.A. paintB. paintedC. paintingD. to paint4. ____ with a difficult situation，Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. To faceB. Having facedC. FacedD. Facing5. ，the old man is living a happy life.A. Taking good careB. Taken good careC. Having taken good careD. Taken good care of6. He was sitting there，____ in deep thought.A. loseB. lostC. lossD. losing7. When ____，the museum will be open to the public next year.A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed8.______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.To giveB.Having givenC.GivenD.Giving9.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.A.Arriving at;to find/doc/db82c84583c4bb4cf7ecd1a7.ht ml ing to;discovering thatC.On arriving at;finding outD.Hurrying to;to have found out10.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was inBeing and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looksmore beautiful.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen11.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend themeeting ______ then.A.Holding;being heldB.Held;holdingC.Having held;heldD.Held;to be held12.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.A.DrawnB.DrawingC.To drawD.Be drawing13.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at usand said nothing.A.been askedB.askedC.askingD.to be asked14.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch withBill.A.Not knowingB.Knowing notC.Not having knownD.Having notknow15.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .A.accepting fullyB.being fully acceptedC.fully acceptingD.fully being accepted。