International Marketing Plan国际营销
国际市场营销(双语版)第10章 国际市场营销管理
全球性公司所面临的基本问题是应该采用集权化还是分权化。 独立组织形式可以集中所有的专业技能和国际经验于一身；独立的国际企
采用产品型组织结构的公司比较有弹性，因为当公司想发展 另一条与现有业务无关的产品线时，可以额外增加一个新的 产品部门；这种结构也有助于企业对各个产品系列给予足够 的重视，纺织企业忽略开发新产品和那些销售量虽小但有发 展潜力的产品。此方法的显著特征是分权化，部门领导有很 大的主动权，从而有较高的积极性；对国外市场环境的变化 反应敏感，增加新产品和减少老产品对企业整体活动不会产 生太大的影响。
（二）产品型组织结构 PRODUCT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
以产品为基础进行组织划分意味着生产单位也要对营销负起 全球性的责任，因此这种组织形态是由许多产品部门所组成， 即使是独立的国际事业部门也可以依据产品再加以划分，而 且依据其特殊的性质，地区性的专业人员也可以包括在内。 通常如果公司拥有数条没有关联的产品线，那么这是适合采 用产品型的组织结构，因为每一产品线所需要的营销工作完 全不同。
10.1.3 国际市场营销计划的协调 1.国际市场营销计划协调的必要性 2.综合计划 Comprehensive plan 3.比较分析 Comparative analysis 4.竞争战略 Competitive strategy 5.建立战略联盟 Establishing a strategic alliance
当企业的组织结构是依据区域划分时，其划分的基础是以世 界上的主要区域为主的。
国际市场营销方案设计
国际市场营销方案设计市场营销在全球范围内的发展已成为许多企业追逐的目标。
随着全球化的趋势和国际贸易的增长，制定一个切实可行的国际市场营销方案将对企业的发展产生重要影响。
本文将从市场分析、目标市场选择以及营销策略设计等方面，为您提供一个完整的国际市场营销方案。
一、市场分析在制定国际市场营销方案之前，对目标市场进行详细的市场分析是至关重要的。
这包括市场规模、市场趋势、竞争分析以及消费者行为分析等。
1.1 市场规模首先，我们需要了解选择的目标市场的规模和潜在需求。
通过对市场相关数据的调查和研究，我们可以获得目标市场的潜在销售机会和增长潜力。
1.2 市场趋势了解市场的发展趋势将帮助我们更好地把握市场机会。
通过对市场趋势的研究，可以预测未来的市场变化，并相应地调整营销策略。
1.3 竞争分析竞争分析是制定市场营销策略的重要基础。
通过分析竞争对手的产品、价格、渠道以及品牌形象等方面，我们可以制定出更具竞争力的市场推广策略。
1.4 消费者行为分析最后，在市场分析阶段，我们还需要深入了解目标市场的消费者行为。
这包括消费者的购买决策过程、偏好和需求等。
通过对消费者行为的分析，我们可以更好地满足他们的需求并制定出有效的推广策略。
二、目标市场选择在市场分析的基础上，我们可以根据企业的定位和优势，选择适合的目标市场。
目标市场的选择将直接影响后续的营销策略和推广效果。
2.1 市场定位在选择目标市场之前，我们需要对企业的产品或服务进行市场定位。
通过确定产品或服务的特点和优势，我们可以进一步确定适合的目标市场。
2.2 目标市场选择根据市场分析的结果及企业的定位，我们可以选择适合的目标市场。
在选择目标市场时，需要考虑市场规模、购买力、竞争程度以及文化差异等因素。
三、营销策略设计在确定目标市场后，我们需要制定营销策略来实现市场营销目标。
以下是一些常用的营销策略，供参考：3.1 产品策略根据目标市场的需求和竞争状况，我们可以确定产品的定位和特点。
国际市场营销策划方案
国际市场营销策划方案摘要：本文将对一家跨国企业在国际市场营销方面的策划方案进行分析和提出建议。
首先，对该企业的目标市场进行分析，并确定其市场定位。
然后，根据目标市场的特点，提出了推广和宣传策略。
此外，还提出了定价和渠道策略，以满足不同国家和地区的多样化需求。
最后，通过市场监测和评估，不断优化和调整这些策略，以提高市场占有率和销售业绩。
1. 引言跨国企业在国际市场中具有巨大的发展潜力，但也面临着许多挑战。
为了在激烈的竞争环境中脱颖而出，企业需要制定全面的市场营销策划方案。
2. 目标市场分析和市场定位企业应通过市场调研和数据分析确定目标市场，并了解其文化、经济和政治环境。
根据目标市场的特点，确定企业在国际市场中的定位，并明确其核心竞争优势。
3. 宣传和推广策略通过有效的宣传和推广，企业可以提高品牌知名度和产品认知度。
根据目标市场和消费者的偏好，选择合适的宣传渠道，如电视广告、社交媒体和线下活动等。
同时，利用本地化策略，将产品和服务与目标市场的文化和价值观相结合，以增强消费者的认同感。
4. 定价策略定价是市场营销中的重要考虑因素之一。
企业应根据目标市场的经济实力、竞争对手的定价策略和消费者的购买能力制定合理的定价策略。
在不同国家和地区，可能需要采用不同的定价策略，以适应当地的市场需求。
5. 渠道策略渠道策略是确保产品顺利进入市场的关键。
企业应根据目标市场的特点选择适当的渠道，如直销、批发和零售渠道。
此外，通过与当地合作伙伴建立稳固的合作关系，可以在市场渗透和销售方面获得更大的成功。
6. 市场监测和评估市场营销策划方案的实施不是一次性的，而是需要不断优化和调整。
通过定期进行市场监测和评估，企业可以及时发现问题和机会，并作出相应的调整。
同时，也可以通过市场竞争分析和顾客反馈来改善产品和服务，以提高市场占有率和销售业绩。
7. 结论通过制定全面的市场营销策划方案，企业可以在国际市场中取得成功。
根据目标市场的特点，实施宣传和推广、定价和渠道策略，并通过市场监测和评估进行持续优化，可以提高市场占有率和销售业绩，实现长期稳定的发展。
国际市场营销策划方案英文doc
国际市场营销策划方案英文doc1. IntroductionThe purpose of this marketing plan is to provide a detailed strategy for entering and succeeding in international markets. The plan will outline market analysis, target audience segmentation, marketing objectives, marketing mix strategies, and budgeting considerations.2. Market Analysis2.1 Market Size and GrowthThe first step in developing a successful international marketing plan is to thoroughly analyze the target market. The market size and growth potential will provide insight into the viability and profitability of the venture. This analysis will consider factors such as population size, purchasing power, GDP growth rate, and market trends.2.2 Competitive AnalysisUnderstanding the competitive landscape is crucial for developing effective marketing strategies. Analyze competitors' strengths and weaknesses, market share, pricing strategies, and distribution channels. Identify any competitive advantages that can be leveraged to gaina competitive edge in the target market.2.3 Cultural AnalysisCultural factors play a significant role in international marketing. Analyze the target country's cultural norms, values, beliefs, and consumer behavior. Tailor marketing messages, product positioning, and packaging to align with the cultural preferences of the target audience.3. Target Audience SegmentationSegmentation enables effective targeting and positioning strategies. Identify and segment the target audience based on demographic, psychographic, and behavioral factors. For example, identify age, gender, income level, lifestyle, and purchasing behavior to hone in on the most profitable segments.4. Marketing ObjectivesClear marketing objectives are essential for measuring success and guiding marketing strategies. SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound) objectives provide a framework for setting clear goals. Examples of marketing objectives may include:- Increase market share in the target market by 10% within the first year.- Generate $1 million in revenue from international markets within the first year.- Increase brand awareness by 20% in the target market within the first six months.5. Marketing Mix StrategiesThe marketing mix, also known as the Four Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion), must be adapted to fit the target market. Develop strategies for each element of the marketing mix based on market analysis and segmentation.5.1 Product StrategyTailor the product or service offering to meet the needs and preferences of the target market. This may involve product customization, packaging modifications, or offering additional features to appeal to the target audience.5.2 Pricing StrategyPricing strategies should take into account factors such as local market conditions, competition, and customer perceptions of value. Consider using market penetration pricing, skimming pricing, or competitive pricing strategies based on the target market analysis.5.3 Place StrategyDistribution channels play a crucial role in international markets. Determine the most effective distribution channels for reaching the target audience. This may involve utilizing local distributors, establishing partnerships, or developing an e-commerce platform.5.4 Promotion StrategyPromotion strategies should be tailored to the target market's media preferences, cultural norms, and communication channels. Develop a comprehensive promotional plan that includes advertising, public relations, sales promotions, and digital marketing initiatives. 6. Budgeting ConsiderationsAllocate appropriate financial resources to support the international marketing efforts. Considerations should include market entry costs, promotional expenses, distribution costs, and any other relevant expenses. Develop a detailed budget plan to ensure sufficient funding for all marketing activities.7. Implementation and ControlThe final step in the international marketing plan is to develop an execution timeline, assign responsibilities, and establish control mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the success of the marketing efforts. Regularly review key performance indicators, adjust strategies as necessary, and ensure that the marketing plan aligns with the overall business objectives. ConclusionA well-developed international marketing plan is essential for successfully entering and thriving in international markets. Thorough market analysis, effective target audience segmentation, clear marketing objectives, and tailored marketing mix strategies are key components of a successful plan. Continuous monitoring and evaluation are crucial to ensure the plan remains relevant and effective in achieving the desired marketing outcomes.。
国际市场营销策划方案
国际市场营销策划方案一、背景介绍随着全球化进程的加快，国际市场竞争越来越激烈。
在这样的背景下，如何制定合适的市场营销策划方案，对于企业在国际市场中的竞争优势至关重要。
本文将着重讨论国际市场营销策划方案的制定。
二、目标市场选择在制定国际市场营销策划方案时，首先需要根据企业的产品和竞争优势来选择目标市场。
这包括考虑目标市场的人口规模、经济发展水平、文化背景、消费习惯等因素。
在选择目标市场时，还要考虑竞争对手的情况，以及自身企业在目标市场中的竞争优势。
三、市场调研分析在确定目标市场后，需要进行详细的市场调研分析，了解目标市场的需求和消费者行为。
市场调研可通过问卷调查、深入访谈、竞争对手分析等方式进行。
通过市场调研，可以得到有关目标市场的基本数据、消费者需求和偏好，以及竞争对手的营销策略和产品特点等信息。
四、定位和差异化策略通过市场调研分析，可以确定自身产品在目标市场中的定位。
企业可以通过产品特点、品牌形象、价格策略、渠道选择等方式实施定位策略。
此外，差异化策略也是一种有效的竞争手段。
通过提供独特的产品特点和服务，企业可以在竞争激烈的国际市场中获得竞争优势。
五、渠道推广策略在制定国际市场营销策划方案时，渠道推广策略也是重要的一环。
企业可以通过多种方式推广产品，如广告宣传、展会参展、社交媒体营销等。
此外，建立与当地合作伙伴的良好关系，也能够帮助企业更好地推广产品。
六、价格策略在国际市场中，价格是消费者购买产品时最为敏感的因素之一。
因此，制定合适的价格策略非常重要。
企业可以根据目标市场的消费能力、竞争对手的定价策略以及自身产品的独特性来制定价格策略。
七、评估和调整制定国际市场营销策划方案后，企业需要进行定期的评估和调整。
通过评估市场表现和竞争对手的变化，企业可以根据实际情况调整自身的营销策略，以保持在国际市场中的竞争优势。
八、总结制定合适的国际市场营销策划方案对于企业在国际市场的发展至关重要。
通过选择合适的目标市场、进行详细的市场调研分析、制定定位和差异化策略、实施渠道推广策略、制定合适的价格策略等，企业可以在国际市场中获得竞争优势。
国际市场营销策划方案（通用18篇）
国际市场营销策划方案（通用18篇）国际市场营销篇1一)、策划目的。
业开张伊始，尚无一套系统营销方略，因而需要根据市场特点策划出一套行销计划。
二)、分析当前的营销环境状况。
1、当前市场状况及市场前景分析：①产品的市场性、现实市场及潜在市场状况。
②市场成长状况，产品目前处于市场生命周期的哪一阶段上。
对于不同市场阶段上的产品公司营销侧重点如何，相应营销策略效果怎样，需求变化对产品市场的影响。
③消费者的接受性，这一内容需要策划者凭借已掌握的资料分析产品市场发展前景。
如中国台湾一品牌的漱口水《"德恩耐"行销与广告策划案》中策划者对德恩耐进入市场风险的分析，产品市场的判断颇为精彩。
如对产品市场成长性分析中指出：①以同类产品"李施德林"的良好业绩说明"德"进入市场风险小。
②另一同类产品"速可净"上市受普遍接受说明"李施德林"有缺陷。
③漱口水属家庭成员使用品，市场大。
④生活水平提高，中、上阶层增多，显示其将来市场成长。
2、对产品市场影响因素进行分析。
主要是对影响产品的不可控因素进行分析：如宏观环境、政治环境、居民经济条件，如消费者收入水平、消费结构的变化、消费心理等，对一些受科技发展影响较大的产品如：计算机、家用电器等产品的营销策划中还需要考虑技术发展趋势方向的影响。
三)、市场机会与问题分析。
营销方案，是对市场机会的把握和策略的运用，因此分析市场机会，就成了营销策划的关键。
只是找准了市场机会，策划就成功了一半。
1、针对产品目前营销现状进行问题分析。
一般营销中存在的具体问题，表现为多方面：企业知名度不高，形象不佳影响产品销售。
?产品质量不过关，功能不全，被消费者冷落。
产品包装太差，提不起消费者的购买兴趣。
产品价格定位不当。
?销售渠道不畅，或渠道选择有误，使销售受阻。
?促销方式不务，消费者不了解企业产品。
?服务质量太差，令消费者不满。
国际市场营销课后答案internationalmarketingplanessayque
国际市场营销课后答案internationalmarketingplanessayqueinternational marketing planDeveloping a Global Vision through Marketing ResearchEssay Questions100. (p. 216) Give the traditional definition for marketing research.Marketing research is traditionally defined as the systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of data to provide information useful in marketing decision making.101. (p. 216) Discuss the differences between traditional marketing research and international marketing research. Although the research processes and methods are basically the same in traditional marketing research and international marketing research, international marketing research involves two additional plications. First, information must be municated across cultural boundaries. Second, the environments within which the research tools are applied are often different in foreign markets.102. (p. 217) International marketers often collect forms of information not normally collected by domestic marketing researchers. Unisys Corporation gives some guidance as to what forms of information need to be collected in theinternational environment. List and briefly discuss each of the five types of information suggested by the UnisysCorporation model.103. (p. 218 and major section titles for the six) List and briefly characterize the six steps in the research process.The steps are: (a) define the research problem and establish research objectives, (b) determine the sources of information to fulfill the research objectives, (c) consider the costs and benefits of the research effort, (d) gather the relevant data from secondary or primary sources, or both, (e) analyze, interpret, and summarize the results, and (f) effectively municate the results to decision makers. Summaries of the steps can be found in the major sections describing each of the six steps.104. (p. 220-223) There are four major problems with using secondary data in international marketing research. What are these four major problems? Briefly, characterize each problem.The four major problems are: (a) availability of data, (b)reliability of data, (c) parability of data, and (d) validating secondary data. For a brief summary see each of the section titles of the four problem areas.105. (p. 223) As a practical matter, the international marketing researcher should ask four questions to effectively judge the reliability (validating secondary data) of secondary data sources. List those four questions.The four questions are: (a) Who collected the data? Would there be any reason for purposely misrepresenting the facts? (b) For what purposes were the data collected? (c) How were the data collected? (methodology) (d) Are the data internally consistent and logical in light of known data sources or market factors?106. (p. 223-225) Demonstrate the difference between quantitative and qualitative research.In quantitative research, usually a large number of respondents are asked to reply either verbally or in writing to structured questions using a specific response format or to select a response from a set of choices. Questions are designed to obtain specific responses regarding aspects of the respondents' behavior, intentions, attitudes, motives, and demographic international marketing plancharacteristics. In qualitative research, if questions are asked they are almost always open-ended or in-depth, and unstructured responses that reflect the person's thoughts and feelings on the subject are sought.107. (p. 229) Discuss the differences between back translation and parallel translation in international marketing research. In back translation the questionnaire is translated from one language to another, and then a second party translates it back into the original. This process pinpoints misinterpretations and misunderstandings before they reach the public. Back translations may not always ensure an accurate translation because of monly used idioms in both languages. Parallel translation is used to e this problem. In this process, more than two translators are used for the back translation; the results are pared, differences discussed, and the most appropriate translation selected.108. (p. 232) It has been suggested that there are at least seven different uses for the Internet in international research.Assume that you are a marketing director for Ty Beanie Babies and are interested in expanding your pany's phenomenal growth into Asia. What are the seven uses suggested in the textand which of the seven would you propose to use to plish your objective?The seven uses are (a) online surveys and buyer panels, (b) online focus groups, (c) Web visitor tracking, (d) advertising measurement, (e) customer identification systems, (f) e-mail marketing lists, and (g) embedded research. The students could make a case for any or all of the above, therefore, the intent of the question is to get the students to first list and then creatively think about options. Discussion of the seven uses may be found on page 232. If the instructor would like to place additional suggestions or parameters on the question, be sure to do so before assigning the question to students.109. (p. 239, Exhibit 8.3) The text suggests four kinds of pany-agency-customer relationships for managing the cultural barrier in international marketing research. Describe or characterize each of these kinds of relationships and designate which one(s) are better suited for managing the cultural barrier across the chain of munication.The four options are: Option A (pany--agency--customers); Option B (pany--agency--local agency--customers); Option C (pany--subsidiary--agency--customers); and, Option D (pany--foreign agency--customers). The text suggests that Options B and C are best for managing the cultural barrier.Global Marketing Management: Planning and Organization Essay Questions101. (p. 310-312) Briefly, explain the benefits of global marketing.When large market segments can be identified, economies of scale in production and marketing can be important petitive advantages of global panies. Other benefits include: (a) a transfer of experience and know-how across countries through improved coordination and integration of marketing activities, (b) ensures access to the toughest customers, and (c) diversity of markets served carries with it additional financial benefits.102. (p. 311-313) Demonstrate the differences among corporate, strategic, and tactical planning.Corporate planning is essentially long term, incorporating generalized goals for the enterprise as a whole. Strategic planning is conducted at the highest levels of management and deals with products, capital, and research, and long- and short-term goals of the pany. Tactical planning pertains to specific actions and tothe allocation of resources used to implement strategic planning goals in specific markets. Tactical plans are made at the local level and address marketing and advertising questions.international marketing plan103. (p. 315, Exhibit 11.1) List and briefly characterize the four phases of the international planning process.The four phases are: (a) Phase 1--Preliminary analysis and screening (matching pany/country needs); (b) Phase 2--Adapting the marketing mix to target markets; (c) Phase 3--Developing the marketing plan; and, (d) Phase 4--Implementation and control.104. (p. 319, Exhibit 11.2) A pany has four different modes of foreign market entry from which to select. List and briefly characterize each of these modes.The modes are exporting, contractual agreements, strategic alliances, and direct foreign investment. Brief characterizations may be found on page 319 in Exhibit 11.2. More detailed descriptions of each mode may be found in the associated sections found on pages 318-330.105. (p. 32-322) Describe the two basic contractual agreements that most panies follow in their attempt to enter aforeign market.Contractual agreements generally involve the transfer of technology, processes, trademarks, or human skills. The two basic forms of contractual agreements are licensing and franchising. Licensing is associated with patent rights, trademark rights, and the rights to use technological processes in foreign markets. It is a favorite strategy for small and medium-sized panies. Franchising involves offering a standard package of products, systems, and management services.106. (p. 323-324) What is a strategic international alliance (SIA)?A SIA is a business relationship established by two or more panies to cooperate out of mutual need and to share risk in achieving a mon objective. SIAs are sought as a way to shore up weaknesses and increase petitive strengths.107. (p. 325-328) Explain the differences between a joint venture and consortia.A joint venture is differentiated from other types of strategic alliances or collaborative relationships in that a joint venture is a partnership of two or more participating panies that join forces to create a separate legal entity. Consortia are similar to jointventures but have two distinguishing characteristics: (a) they typically involve a large number of participants and (b) they frequently operate in a country or market in which none of the participants is currently active.108. (p. 328-329) You have just been hired as a consultant by Apple Computer to advise them on how to enter the South African market. You have decided that direct foreign investment would be the best mode for Apple to follow at this point in time. Write a one-paragraph memo that outlines the benefits of direct foreign investment in a country.Companies that manufacture locally can capitalize on low-cost labor, avoid high import taxes, reduce the high cost of transportation to market, gain access to raw materials, and gain advantages by being perceived as making an investment in the market (as a way to gain entry).109. (p. 331, Exhibit 11.4) With respect to organizational structures used in international marketing, panies are usually structured around one of three alternatives. Assuming that you were a consultant for ATT who desired to create an organization that was able to merge your organization's expertise and skills with that of Sony's cell phone division so that your new jointventure could enter the Scandinavian market, which of the organizational structure alternatives would make most sense? Comment on why the structure might be a good one to use.international marketing planThe three structures are product, geographic, and a matrix approach. Students could select any of the three options, however, the text suggests that the matrix form is preferable in today's market place. A matrix structure permits management to respond to the conflicts that arise between functional activity, product, and geography. Since the new venture will be a joint venture, the matrix structure might allow both of the panies to bring separate expertise to the table. Since a matrixstructure encourages sharing of experience, resources, expertise, technology, and information, it seem to be a natural in this situation.Products and Services for ConsumersEssay Questions107. (p. 337) Discuss the two dimensions of quality.The two dimensions of quality are market-perceived quality and performance quality. Simply, one dimension deals with how consumers believe the pany, product, or service matches toexpectations of quality. The other dimension, which can be measured, deals with how the product, pany, or service actually performs.108. (p. 339) Describe the process called product homologation.Product homologation is used to describe the changes mandated by local product and service standards. A product may have to change in a number of ways to meet the physical or mandatory requirements of a new market.109. (p. 344-347) Everett Rogers notes that four crucial elements impact the diffusion of new ideas. What are those elements?The elements are (a) an innovation, (b) which is municated through certain channels, (c) over time, and (d) among the members of a social system.110. (p. 350, Exhibit 12.1) Draw and correctly label the product ponent model shown in the text.The model is shown on page 350 (see Exhibit 12.1). Students should include the core, packaging, and support services ponents and the sub-parts of each for full credit.111. (p. 353-355) Consumer services are distinguished byfour unique characteristics. List and characterize each of these four unique characteristics.The characteristics are (a) intangibility--services cannot be touched, (b) inseparability--the service cannot be separated from its consumption, (c) heterogeneous--it is individually produced and is thus virtually unique, and (d) perishability--once created it cannot be stored but must be consumed simultaneously with its creation.112. (p. 356-358) Consumer services face four kinds of barriers as these services are presented to the global market. What are these barriers?The barriers are (a) protectionism, (b) controls on transborder data flows, (c) protection of intellectual property, and (d) cultural requirements for adaptation.113. (p. 358-359, Exhibit 12.2) A successful brand is the most valuable resource a pany has. Comment on why this is true and create an example to illustrate.international marketing planUsing the material on pages 358-359 and including Exhibit 12.2, students should be able to make a case for the value of a brand. To summarize, the brand name passes the years ofadvertising, good will, quality evaluation, productexperience, and other beneficial attributes the market associates with the product. Students may use whatever example they wish, however, it still needs to be appropriate to the material above.114. (p. 363-364) Assuming that you were a new marketing manager for Nike and that your first task was to launch a renewed effort to gain market share in Europe, an Adidas stronghold. Describe the impact that the country-of-origin effect might have on your chances of success.The country-of-origin effect can be defined as any influence that the country of manufacture, assembly, or design has on a consumer's positive or negative perception of a product. Students could discuss stereotypes in the example, mention the difficulties that the U.S. has had with France, the general opinion of American-made products, Nike's publicity as asweatshop broker, or how a home-based rival such as Adidas might react to Nike. If you, as an instructor, would like to set additional parameters for this question, please do so before the exam.International Marketing ChannelsEssay Questions101. (p. 396) Characterize a distribution process.A distribution process includes the physical handling and distribution of goods, the passage of ownership (title), and the buying and selling negotiations between producers and middlemen and between middlemen and customers.102. (p. 397) The Japanese distribution system has four distinguishing characteristics. What are these characteristics? The characteristics are (a) a structure dominated by many small middlemen dealing with many small retailers, (b) channel control by manufacturers, (c) a business philosophy shaped by a unique culture, and (d) laws that protect the foundation of the system--the small retailer.103. (p. 399) How does a manufacturer attempt to control the distribution channel?The manufacturer attempts to control the distribution channel through (a) inventory financing, (b) cumulative rebates, (c) merchandise returns, and (d) promotional support.104. (p. 404) Discuss the impact of the trend from traditional to modern channel structures.The impact of these trends will change traditionaldistribution and marketing systems. While retailing revolution remains in flux, new retailing and middle-men systems will be invented, and established panies will experiment, seeking ways to maintain their petitive edge. Moreover, it is ing more dangerous to think of petitors in terms of individual panies―in international business generally, and distribution systems particularly, a networks perspective is increasingly required. That is, firms must be understood in the context of the mercial networks of which they are a part. These changes will resonate throughout the distribution chain before new concepts are established and the system stabilizes.105. (p. 408) Characterize the difference(s) between agent middlemen and merchant middlemen.The primary difference is that agent middlemen do not take title to the goods they process and the merchant middleman does. Additionally, the merchant middleman normally performs more work tasks that are often general in nature whereas the agent middleman may be more of a specialist.international marketing plan106. (p. 412) Steve Smith has been assigned the task of choosing a foreign market channel that would be mostappropriate for his pany. Assuming that his pany was an automobile pany and he wished to enter the Spanish market, list the four points that were identified in the text as starting places for making the channel selection decision. Be specific with your wording of the points.The points are: (a) identify specific target markets within and across countries; (b) specify marketing goals in terms of volume, market share, and profit margin requirements, (c) specify financial and personnel mitments to the development of international distribution, and (d) identify control, length of channels, terms of sale, and channel ownership.107. (p. 419-421) Channel strategy is thought to have six specific strategic goals. If you were to list these goals for a strategic planner, what would be the six specific goals that the planner should consider?The six Cs of channel strategy are: (a) cost, (b) capital, (c) control, (d) coverage, (e) character, and (f) continuity.108. (p. 396-424) Name and briefly define/describe the five basic points involved in making channel decisions.1. channel decisions - producer's choice of a distribution structure through which goods pass from producer to user. Everycountry market has a distribution structure through which goods pass form producer to user. This structure may have a variety of possible middlmen.2. distribution patterns - the variety of possible distribution paths and distribution channel length through which a product may pass from producer to customer.3. available alternative middlemen - the external middlemen from which specific intermediaries are selected. The middlemen e the means of building and developing the channels for international distribution.4. factors affecting choice of channels - identifying target markets, specifying marketing goals, specifying financial and personnel needs, and identifying control, length of channels, terms of sales, and channel ownership.5. locating, selecting, motivating, terminating, and controlling middlemen - the process of building international distribution requires as a first step locationg prospective middlemen. Selection involves determining which ones can performsatisfactorily. Motivating middlemen may involve financial rewards, psychological rewards, munications, pany support, andcorporate report. Termination is the dismissal of middlemen that have not performed up to standard. Controlling middlemen involves control of the distribution network and includes middlemen meeting standards of performance to insure that product is flowing through desired middlemen.Integrated Marketing Communications and International AdvertisingEssay Questions100. (p. 464) Describe the ponents of integrated marketing munications (IMC).IMC are posed of advertising, sales promotions, trade shows, personal selling, direct selling, and public relations.101. (p. 464) What are sales promotions?Sales promotions are marketing activities that stimulate consumer purchases and improve retailer or middleman effectiveness and cooperation.102. (p. 465) Describe the role of public relations.Creating good relationships with the popular press and other media to help panies municate messages to their publics--customers, the general public, and government regulators--is the role of public relations.international marketing plan103. (p. 470-471) List the seven steps in creating an international advertising campaign.The steps are: (a) perform marketing research, (b) specify the goals of the munication, (c) develop the most effective message(s) for the market segments selected, (d) select effective media, (e) pose and secure a budget, (f) execute the campaign, and (g) evaluate the campaign relative to the goals specified.104. (p. 476) List and describe the steps (stages) in the international munication process.The steps are (a) an information source, (b) encoding, (c) a message channel, (d) decoding, (e) receiver, (f) feedback, and (g) noise. See page 479 for details on each stage.105. (p. 486-493)advertising: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or direct mail.See pages 486-493 for summaries of each of the mass media forms mentioned. If you wish to give additional instructions for answering this question or set question limits, please do so before assigning the question.106. (p. 470-471) Assume that you are the munications manager for a pany that is seeking to begin amunications process with buyers in a foreign market. Take the steps in the international munications process, list them, and indicate which of the steps will probably present the greatest challenge with respect to munication.The steps are: (a) perform marketing research, (b) specify the goals of the munication, (c) develop the most effective message(s) for the market segments selected, (d) select effective media, (e) pose and secure a budget, (f) execute the campaign, and (g) evaluate the campaign relative to the goals specified. Students should build a case for what they perceive to be the most challenging step. See pages 473 for additional aid.107. (p. 491) Belinda is considering Internet advertising to support her pany's international marketing campaign. She knows the Internet has some limitations as an advertising vehicle. What are the current limitations associated with Internet advertising?In many markets the Internet is limited in its penetration of households. Also, there is petition among Internet marketers for Web surfers.Pricing for International MarketsEssay Questions100. (p. 529) Explain the process called parallel importing.Parallel importing occurs when importers buy products from distributors in one country and sell them in another to distributors who are not part of the manufacturer's regular distribution system. For more information and illustrations see page 531, Exhibit 18.1.101. (p. 532) What is the difference between variable-cost pricing and full-cost pricing.In variable-cost pricing, the firm is concerned only with the marginal or incremental cost of producing goods to be sold in overseas markets. In full-cost pricing, the philosophy insists that no unit of a similar product is different from any other unit in terms of cost and that each unit must bear its full share of the total fixed and variable cost.international marketing plan102. (p. 544) There are two distinct views of what constitutes dumping. Explain each of these views.One approach classifies international shipments as dumped if the products are sold below their cost of production. The other approach characterizes dumping as selling goods in a foreign market below the price of the same goods in the home market.103. (p. 545-549) List and briefly characterize the four formsof countertrade.The four forms are (a) barter--the direct exchange of goods between two parties in a transaction, (b) pensation deal--involves payments in goods and cash, (c) counterpurchase--the seller agrees to sell a product at a set price to a buyer and receives payment in cash; however, a second contract stipulates that the original seller will in turn purchase a like amount of goods from the buyer (or a similar arrangement), and (d) product buy-back agreement--the seller may agree to accept partial payment in manufactured goods from the buyer or the seller can accept full payment in manufactured goods. For additional information and examples see pages 545-549.104. (p. 549) What are the benefits of transfer pricing?The benefits are (a) lowering duty costs by shipping goods into high-tariff countries at minimal transfer prices so that duty base and duty are low, (b) reducing e taxes in high-tax countries by overpricing goods transferred to units in such countries, and (c) facilitating dividend repatriation when dividend repatriation is curtailed by government policy.105. (p. 542) A reasonable price for goods in the home market may more than double in the foreign market. How doeschannel length and transportation costs contribute to the price increase?Channel length is determined by the number of middlemen. Middlemen may increase the price of goods to covertransportation costs and to increase their margins; there is little opportunity for a manufacturer to control retail prices in a foreign country. In addition, transportation costs also contribute to the increase in product costs. Transportation costs include insurance, packing, handling, and shipping charges. Such costs are added to the price of goods to determine the landed cost which es the basis of import tariffs. These costs add to the inflation of the final price of goods.106. (p. 551-553) Discuss the meaning of and nature of cartels. Are these groups beneficial or not? Create an example to illustrate your stance.A cartel exists when various panies producing similar products or services work together to control markets for the types of goods and services they produce. The cartel association may use formal agreements to set prices, establish levels of production and sales for the participating panies, allocate territories, and even redistribute profits. The economic role ofcartels is debatable, but their proponents argue that they eliminate cutthroat petition and rationalize business, permitting greater technical progress and lower prices to consumers. Many do not agree with this view. See the text on pages 551-553 for additional information and examples.。
国际市场营销策划方案
国际市场营销策划方案1. 引言国际市场营销是一个不断发展和变化的领域，尤其是在全球经济一体化的背景下。
本文旨在提出一个国际市场营销策划方案，以帮助企业在国际市场上取得竞争优势。
本方案将包括市场分析、目标市场选择、定位策略、市场营销策略等内容，并采用适当的营销工具和渠道来推广企业的产品或服务。
2. 市场分析在进行国际市场营销之前，了解目标市场的特点和趋势是至关重要的。
在这一部分，将会进行国际市场的分析，包括市场规模、增长率、竞争状况等等。
此外，还将会分析目标市场的文化背景、消费习惯、购买偏好等因素，以便更好地适应市场需求。
3. 目标市场选择根据市场分析的结果，我们将选择一个或多个目标市场来进行市场营销。
在这一部分，将会详细介绍我们选择目标市场的原因和依据。
我们会考虑该市场的潜在利润、竞争程度、文化适应性等因素，并评估在该市场上的市场份额和增长潜力。
4. 定位策略在市场选择确定后，我们将制定一个明确的定位策略来区分自己与竞争对手。
定位策略将基于目标市场的特点和需求，以及我们企业的核心竞争优势。
我们将确定我们的目标客户群体，并确定我们的产品或服务在市场上的独特价值主张。
5. 市场营销策略为了推广我们的产品或服务，我们将制定一系列市场营销策略。
这些策略将包括产品定价、促销活动、渠道选择、品牌建设等方面。
我们将选择适合目标市场和定位策略的营销工具和渠道，以最大程度地提高品牌知名度和销售额。
6. 实施计划在制定市场营销策略之后，我们将制定一个详细的实施计划。
该计划将列出每个策略的具体步骤和时间表，并指定责任人和资源需求。
我们将确保实施计划的及时性和准确性，以保证策略的有效实施。
7. 成本和预算为了确保我们的国际市场营销策划方案的可行性，我们将进行成本和预算评估。
我们将评估每个策略的实施成本，并分配适当的预算资源。
我们将对预算进行合理调整，以平衡策略的实施效果和成本控制。
8. 评估和调整为了确保市场营销策划方案的效果，我们将定期进行评估和调整。
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Zhang yi (Daisy)Hisense brand was recognized as a Famous Trademark in China by the State Administration of Industry and Commerce on January 5, 1999. Founded as Qingdao No.2 Radio Factory in 1969.Hisense in Chinese connotes an ocean-like broad vision and credibility that Hisense always values. The English name Hisense is composed of “high” and “sense”, which connote Hisense’s persistent pursuit of high technology, high quality and high taste. Hisense has now developed into a multibillion dollar global conglomerate, which has two listed companies (Hisense Electric Co., Ltd., on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and Hisense Kelon Electrical Holdings Company Ltd., on the Shenzhen and Hong Kong Stock Exchanges); owns three famous trademarks (Hisense, Kelon and Ronshen); and provides a wide range of products and services including “multimedia”,“home appliances”,“telecommunications” and “information technology”. Adhering to its development strategies stressing sound technological foundation and robust operation, Hisense expands its business into high-end industries and also into the top tiers of those industries through continuous technological research and development. It is making unremitting efforts and developing successive innovations together with its 60,000 employees around the world for the same dream---developing Hisense into an enduring enterprise and global brand. Around the world, Hisense has production bases in South Africa, Algeria,Egypt and sales offices in USA, Europe, Australia and the Middle East. The products are exported to over 100 countries and regions throughout the world.Marketing mix consists of 4Ps, price, product, place, promotion. The marketing mix describes the specific combination of marketing elements used to achieve objectives and satisfy the target market.1.PricePrice is one of the marketing mix. For different pricing objectives, pricing polices and methods will be carried out to achieve companies, set goals. There are three types of pricing polices or methods: cost based pricing methods, market orientated pricing methods and competition based pricing methods. So price has become an strategy and methods to enter the market of Hisense. Hisense proposed the slogan of "technology go further, the price for a step", in TVs and air conditionings. Summed up the success of Hisense price strategy is mainly determined by three factors: First, the rate of price reduction is fast. Second, the selling point is excellent. Third, provide adequate material to media. Hisense is very good at using the media to advertise.2.ProductIn the marketing mix, the product is the most important factor, other factors, such as price, promotion, etc., must be based on it. so that the product strategy is the cornerstone of the marketing mix strategy.Hisenseadheres to the development strategy of "high-tech, high-quality, high level of service, and creating an internationally famous brand". From the overall planning of the brand in 1999, the Hisense's new products are created more and more.The company constructed the 3C framework led by home appliances, communication, and information, with its leading products in TVs, air conditioners, refrigerators, mobile phones, moulding, fiber optical transceivers and intelligent traffic management systems.3.PlaceWhen a product is purchased by a consumer, it may have been bought directly from the business, or it may have through a number of intermediaries, such as, wholesaler, retailer, these are known as distribution channels. The channels are divided into different types: direct sale, direct mail, telemarketing, Internet, and so on. the products of Hisense not only sold in the Domestic market but also in the international market. The international market including the North American market, the Latin American market, the Western Europe, the Eastern Europe, the Australian market and the African markets.4.PromotionOnce a product is developed to meet target market needs and is properly priced and distributed,the intended customer must be informed of the product's availability and value.advertising and promotion are basic activities in an international company's mix.Advertise plays a importantrole in the Hisense's brand building. All the enterprise of household electrical appliances, Hisense is not the best one, but through advertising and other publicity means, Hisense was the most prominent one in the market . because of the frequent advertise , Hisense became the fastest rising company in home appliance industry, which has been great concerned by the consumers.Because of various differences,international marketing seems difficult ,especially when a company enters a new market ,it is very hard to choose the right market segments without considering the various factors set among different nations.such as, population,religion,culture, climate,and so on.Take South Africa as an example,In South Africa, the impact of Hisense products are everywhere, along the highway to the international Airport in the famous city of South Africa Johannesburg, standing one particularly eye-catching billboards,The characters on it that every Chinese will feel proud: HISENSE - CHINA'S FAMOUS BRAND.In fact, in the major cities in South Africa, we can see huge advertising of influence.Many local dealers said the success of Hisense products, is danue to the good name of Hisense in some way, "HISENSE" can be regared from the word meing as"high sensitivity". It is very popular,and correspond the culture of South African, so it hard to forget.As we all know, Some well-known enterprises has out of the country efforts to open up overseas markets, and has made significant economicbenefits. The influence of brand is growing in the international markets.So does Hisense. Firstly, choose the target markets exactly. Secondly, strengthen the research and development to improve the technology of products. Thirdly, adhere to trade first, and penetrate the sales network. The last but not least, implement of quality strategy to create a good corporate image.。