lecture 6 长句的翻译
翻译Lecture 2-6
Lecture 24.增词英译汉增词：词汇性增词和逻辑性增词∙原文省略的词Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.物质可以转化为能，能也可以转化为物质。
∙必要的连续词Heated, water will change into vapor.水如受热，就会气化（蒸发）。
∙复数概念The mountains began to show their long blue shadows over the valley.群山开始向山谷投下一道道蓝色长影。
∙抽象概念增词This lack of resistance in very cold metals may become useful in electronic computers.这种甚低温金属中没有电阻的现象可能对电子计算机很有用处。
∙逻辑性增词According to scientists, it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil. 根据科学家们的看法，自然界要用500年的时间才能形成一英寸的表层土壤。
Exercise1.We were lucky enough to be alive after the accident. We would n’t have thechance to sit here and reflect on the night’真是很幸运，在那次事故之后我们还活着，否则，我们不可能有机会坐在这里回想那天晚上的事。
2.The oak is a symbol of strength, the lion of courage, the lamb of weakness.橡树是力量的象征，狮子是勇敢的象征，而羔羊是软弱的象征。
3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.读书使人充实，讨论使人敏捷，写作使人准确。
Lecture 8 汉译英长句的翻译
Case 1
表示原因戒结果癿部分，一般应从属于表 示结果癿部分。
原文：在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家横行霸道。 译文1：Before I became ill, I was much petted by my parents, doing everything at will in the home. 译文2： Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child
2012-6-29 4 English College
Case 1
男人在结婚前觉得适合自己癿女人很少，结 婚后觉得适合自己癿女人很多。 Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, while contrarily when they get married. contrarily it is another thing/it is the opposite
2012-6-29
5
English College
Case 2
原文：园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴。 学译：Flowers were in full bloom in the garden. My parents held a party in the garden. 译文1：Flowers were in full bloom in the garden . My parents held a party in it. 译文2：My parents held a party in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.
翻译lecture six
会谈笑风生，问题是要碰到她们高兴的时候；她们 也不是不会待人和颜悦色，问题在于她们是否乐意 这样做；可惜的是，她们一味骄傲自大
• The fan，with its modern，elegant，bright，and harmoniously colored design，is an excellent electrical household appliance for cooling purposes on hot summer days．
• 老人说，“听人说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。
他过去d never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was.
以往我从未想过，当我发觉人们认为 我是无足轻重时，我会感到高兴。但 这次情况确是如此 。
• 3The magistrates are free to burn down houses while the common people are forbidden even to light lamps． (One man may steal a horse while another may not look over the hedge．) • 4上班，做家务，交朋友，(这些)占用了我的全部时间。
After-class assignment
1. 这个小男孩饭前都洗手，然后用餐巾纸擦干。 2. 交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修 改的地方。这样你才能把工作做好。 3 只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。 4．My work，my family，my friend are more than enough to fill my time． 5．To err is human，to forgive divine．
lecture的意思用法大全
lecture的意思用法大全lecture的意思n. 演讲,训斥，教训vi. 作演讲vt. 给…作演讲,教训(通常是长篇大论的)变形：过去式: lectured; 现在分词：lecturing; 过去分词：lectured;lecture用法lecture可以用作名词lecture主要指教育性或学术性“演讲”,引申可指“冗长的训斥或谴责”。
lecture是可数名词,其后接介词on或about ,意为“关于…的演讲”“就…做演讲”“因…训斥或谴责某人”。
lecture作“讲演,讲课”解时,是不及物动词。
说“讲授某课程”时常与介词on连用,说“在某地讲演”时常与介词at〔in〕连用。
lecture用作名词的用法例句She ran over her notes before giving the lecture.她讲课前把讲稿匆匆看了一遍。
His lecture covered various aspects of language.他的讲课涉及到语言诸方面的问题。
They could not follow the lecture.他们听不懂这次演讲。
lecture可以用作动词lecture作“讲演,讲课”解时,是不及物动词。
说“讲授某课程”时常与介词on连用,说“在某地讲演”时常与介词at〔in〕连用。
lecture也可用作及物动词,意思是“向…讲演,给…讲课”,接名词或代词作宾语。
lecture还可作“责备”“教训”“训斥”解,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
“因…而受到训斥”可说lecture sb for n./v -ing。
lecture用作动词的用法例句It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.当着整个班级的面被训斥了一顿，真让我感到羞辱。
He lectured to his students on modern writers.他给学生们讲了关于现代作家的一课。
人教版高中英语必修6课文逐句翻译(高二)
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
lecture 6 汉英句式翻译
III. 存现句的翻译
• 存现句1.存现句含义 • 存现句，指的是说明某处或某时有某人物存在、出 现、消失的句子。 • 如： • ①河里漂着两只船。（存在） • ②前面来了两个客人。（出现） • ③昨天走了两个陌生人。 （消失）
• •
• • •
• 1. 有+名词+附加语（v., adj., phase etc. ） 1）译为英语存现句： 有人敲门。-There is someone knocking./ Some one is at the door. 有趟列车六点出发。-There is a train due to leave at six. 可能已有些疑点出现在他的案子中。 There could be a few doubts/suspicion in his case.
I. 主谓谓语句(sentence with a subject-predicate phrase as predicate)的翻译
(Topic-prominent structure VS Subject-prominent structure)
• 1) 大小主语是总体和部分的关系：大主语译成 定语，小主语改为句子主语 • (1) 我国的国民经济，工业和农业都是基础。 • Both industry and agriculture are the foundation of national economy in our country. • (2) 总共五个人，三个病了干不了活。 • Three of five persons in all are not able to work because of illness. • (3) 敌人活着的，全都缴械投降。 • All of the still living enemy surrendered their arms. (laid down their arms and surrendered.)
英语长句的翻译技巧
英语长句的翻译技巧英语长句是很复杂的句子，很多人觉得在翻译长句时很是吃力。
那么英语长句有哪些翻译方法媕娿?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语长句的翻译技，希望大家喜欢!英语长句的翻译技巧1.顺译法顺译法是指在处理一些叙述层次依次相连，跟汉语相近的长句时，按原句的自然顺序进行翻译，并根据具体情况，适当增加或省略有关的连接词。
例如：例一：Visual cues from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging, that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation.听众的眼神可以表明，演说过于拖沓，演说者在某一点上讲的太多，或者在某一点上还需要作进一步的解释。
例二：But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology.但是艺术历史注意的不仅仅是这些，因为艺术反映的不单是一个民族的政治价值观,而且还有他们的宗教信仰、情感和心理特点。
PART2.倒译法有时英语长句的结构层次与汉语相反，要从英语原文的后面译起，自下而上，颠倒次序进行翻译。
一般来说，英语长句不符合汉语习惯的情况比较多，所以在翻译实践中，倒译通常要多于顺译。
例一：It remains to be seen whether the reserves of raw materials would be sufficient to supply world economy which would have grown by 500 percent .如果世界经济真的以5倍于现有的速度增长，那么原材料的储备是否能充分满足其需求，尚不得而知。
lecture 6 长句的翻译
2) In any case, when jeans were ready for a risorgimento in the 1960s, they already carried an enormous mythic significance. To a generation that believed a massive military-industrial complex was brutalizing the American dream, jean symbolized a return to the friendlier, simpler values of the frontier, where each man had control over his own life, and where people cooperated to survive…
4)They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 对于以往的几代人来说, 旧式的体力劳动是一 种用以摆脱贫困的手段,而技术的进步则摧毁了 穷人赖以为生的体力劳动。因此，首先体验到 技术进步之害的是穷人。
当代科学的一切成就不仅提供了能够承受高 温高压的材料，而且也提供了新的工艺流程 。依靠这些成就，我们相信完全可以制造出 这样的卫星。
6) The great difficulty of introducing radically new computer architectures which requires customers to rewrite most of their software excluded the possibility for these techniques to find their way to the commercial marketplace. 全新的计算机体系结构要求用户改写其大部分软件 ，因此难以付诸实施，从而使得这些技术不可能进 入商品市场（从而排除了这些技术进入商品市场的 可能性）。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
4)They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 对于以往的几代人来说, 旧式的体力劳动是一 种用以摆脱贫困的手段,而技术的进步则摧毁了 穷人赖以为生的体力劳动。因此，首先体验到 技术进步之害的是穷人。
第六章 长句的翻译
英语中后置定语、各种短语和复杂包孕结构 （complex embedding）较多，往往 形成长句结构，一句话可以表达多层意思； 汉语特点是短句多，多层意思往往通过多个 短句来表达。因此在英译汉时有必要采用拆 句译法。 使用长句结构是英语科技文章的 特点之一，掌握长句翻译技巧对科技翻译尤 为重要。
我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人，向他宣布我得 住在他家，吃他的，喝他的，一直等到下一班船 到来把我带到我要去的港口为止，一想到这儿， 我真有点不好意思了。
3) Such is the human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. 许多人常常宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取成 为白领工人的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之 常情。
总之，当牛仔裤在六十年代将成为势不可挡 的风尚之时，具有一种神话般的巨大意义。 在六十年代的青年看来，军工联合企业的兴 盛，摧毁了美国的梦想，而牛仔裤则是回到 西部开拓时期那种淳朴友善的价值观念的象 征；那时，人人都能主宰自己的命运，并为 生存而风雨同舟……
3. 变序法（reversing)
2) I felt a trifle shy at the thought of presenting myself to a total stranger with the announcement that I was going to sleep under his roof, eat his food and drink his whisky, till another boat came in to take me to the port for which I was bound.
一、长句翻译的步骤（process）
1.理解 （comprehension） (1) Find out the trunk through condensing the whole sentence. (2) Be sure of the main and subordinate clauses, modifiers and the elements they modify.
。
If she had lost the blue-eyed, flowerlike charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which has so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago,
2) In any case, when jeans were ready for a risorgimento in the 1960s, they already carried an enormous mythic significance. To a generation that believed a massive military-industrial complex was brutalizing the American dream, jean symbolized a return to the friendlier, simpler values of the frontier, where each man had control over his own life, and where people cooperated to survive…
(3) Sort out the arrangement of ideas, judging the train of logical thinking.
（二）表达 (expression)
(4) Discriminate the meaning of words. (5) Arrange the sentence in conformity with Chinese syntax. (6) Polish words and phrases, having every word carefully weighed in consideration of the style of the original.
26年前，她那蓝眼 睛、花儿般的魅力， 脸蛋儿和身段的那种 玉洁冰清的秀气，还 有那苹果花似的脸色 ，曾经让阿修斯特一 见倾心。这些虽已成 了往事，
she was still at forty-three a comely 然而，43岁的她， 依然是一个眉清目秀 and a faithful 的忠实的伴侣，尽管 companion, whose cheeks were faintly 她的双颊隐约露出了 mottled, and whose 些斑点，灰蓝色的眼 睛也已经有些浮肿。 grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain （有改动） fullness.
二、 长句翻译技巧（techniques）
1. 包含 (embedding) 将定语前置，保留原有的长句“复杂”结构 。汉语具有一定的弹性和包容性，所以并非 一概不能使用长句。但这种翻译技巧不宜多 用。
1) This is no class war, but a war in which the whole British Empire and Commonwealth of Nations is engaged, without distinction of race, creed, or party. —Winston S Churchill 这不是一场阶级之间的战争,而是一场不分种族、 不分信仰、不分党派、整个大英帝国及英联邦全 体成员国无不参加的战争。 ——丘吉尔
这次选举你为本届大会的主席，实为极为明 智的抉择，是对你的伟大国家的敬意。贵国 对自由国家的历史发展贡献了一种和平 传统，为我们构建法治社会树立了榜样。全 世界一贯对贵国表示尊重和和敬佩。 讨论： a. 你——您； b. 贵 lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which has so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and a faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
当代科学的一切成就不仅提供了能够承受高 温高压的材料，而且也提供了新的工艺流程 。依靠这些成就，我们相信完全可以制造出 这样的卫星。
6) The great difficulty of introducing radically new computer architectures which requires customers to rewrite most of their software excluded the possibility for these techniques to find their way to the commercial marketplace. 全新的计算机体系结构要求用户改写其大部分软件 ，因此难以付诸实施，从而使得这些技术不可能进 入商品市场（从而排除了这些技术进入商品市场的 可能性）。
2. 切分法 （cutting）
通过化整为零，将长句译成几个独立的短句， 但要注意保持语义的连贯。
1) The loads a structure is subjected to are divided into dead loads, which include the weights of all the parts of the structure, and live loads, which are due to the weights of people, movable equipment, etc. 一个结构物承受的荷载分为静载与活载两类。静 载包括该结构物本部分的重量。活载则是由于 人及可移动设备等的重量而引起的荷载。
译者可以打乱原句的语序，兼顾原文的逻辑 和汉语的表达习惯，层层展开，突出重点。
1）The reason that a neutral body is attracted by a charged body is that, although the neutral body is neutral within itself, it is not neutral with respect to the charged body, and the two bodies act as if oppositely charged when brought near each other. 虽然中性物体本身是不带电的，但对于带电体来说，它 并非中性；当这两个物体彼此接近时，就会产生极 性相反的电荷的作用。这就是中性物体被带电体吸 引的原因。