美国纳斯达克最终版
美国的NASDAQ市场
美国的NASDAQ市场(一)美国的NASDAQ市场NASDAQ即全美证券交易商协会自动报价系统(National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations，简称NASDAQ)，是全美证券交易商协会(National Association Of Securities Dealers Inc·简称NASD)于1971年，在华盛顿建立并负责组织和管理的一个自动报价系统，是世界第一个电子股票市场。
其最大特色在于利用现代信息技术建立了自己的电子交易系统，现已成为全球最大的无形交易市场。
截止1997年底，美国所有高科技上市公司中，96%的因特网公司、92%的电脑软件公司、82%的电脑制造公司和81%的电子通讯和生物技术公司在NASDAQ市场上市。
在纽约证券交易所的大公司中，也有相当部分是经过NASDAQ市场培育出来的。
目前NASDAQ 已与AMEX合并成为世界第二大证券交易市场。
NADAQ实际上并非平常意义上的二板市场。
由于吸纳了众多著名的高科技企业，而这些高科技企业又成长迅速，因此，NASDAQ给人一种扶持创业企业的印象。
建立NASDAQ的初衷在于标准美国大规模的场外交易，所以NASDAQ一直被作为纽约证券交易所(NYSE的辅助和补充。
先进而庞大的电子信息技术已经使NASDAQ成为世界上最大的无形交易市场。
NASDAQ共有两个板块:全国市场(NationalMarket)和1992年建立的小型资本市场(SmallCapMarket)。
NASDAQ在成立之初的目标定位在中小企业，但只是因为企业的规模随着时代的变化而越来越大，所以到了今天，NASDAQ反而将自己分成了一块"主板市场"和一块"中小企业市场"。
NASDAQ拥有自己的做市商制度(MarketMaker)，它们是一些独立的股票交易商，为投资者承担某一只股票的买进和卖出。
美国百年金融史之十大最恐怖股灾
美国百年金融史之十大最恐怖股灾，熊市如何结束(指数跌幅超过40%为基准)：这里我们将精选实战对比美股过去十大熊市的底部形态和时间，以及与其对比的中国Ａ股已经发生过熊市的底部状况。
美股的熊市次序是按照其恐怖程度大小来排列：美股最近一次大崩盘（图1）：这是美股过去100多年中仅次于1929年的大股灾。
开始日：2000年3月7日结束日：2002年10月8日熊市历经：950天左右（31个月）纳斯达克指数终极顶点：5,133纳斯达克指数终极低点：1,108百分比跌幅：-78%美股历史大崩盘股灾倒数之十：大萧条的后遗症1932～1933年作为1929年美股超级牛市大崩盘触底后第一个实质性的反弹开始后的再次下跌，是熊市转牛后的一个恐慌，与其说是恐慌，还不如说是大萧条的后遗症在继续干扰大众的信心。
当时道指由1932年的40点反弹到1933年的80点，指数反弹了100%，只历经了3个月，再次大幅度下跌到50点左右回稳向上。
图2，1933年所构筑的底部的消耗了3个月，但是如果从1929～1932年这个大熊市来看，不算其下跌过程的时间，只采用到最低点后从新开始主升通道确认开始，也就是终极底部的构筑是消耗了整整10个月的时间，道指才从新进入了一个长期的安全区域内。
如果以1929年终极顶点的熊市开始到结束，跌幅达近90%；耗时33个月，而最终确认牛市开始还要再等13个月。
美股历史大崩盘股灾倒数之九：一战结束前夕开始日：1916年11月21日结束日：1917年12月19日熊市历经：393天左右（13个月）道琼斯指数终极顶点：110道琼斯指数终极低点：66百分比跌幅：-40%如果二十世纪三十年代听上去是一个很远时代的故事，那我们还要再看看恐怖系数排名美股大崩盘史上第九的1917年，这还是在第一次世界大战的前夕。
正如我们所看到的，当时道指的跌幅高达40%，如果1916年你买入1,000美元单位的指数基金，到1917年它只有600美元了。
什么是纳斯达克(NASDAQ)-
什么是纳斯达克(NASDAQ)?The National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system, is one of the largest markets in the world for the trading of stocks. The number of companies listed on NASDAQ is more than that on any of the other stock exchanges in the United States, including the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (AMEX). The majority of companies listed on NASDAQ are smaller than most of those on the NYSE and AMEX. NASDAQ has become known as the home of new technology companies, particularly computer and computer-related businesses. Trading on NASDAQ is initiated by stock brokers acting on behalf of their clients. The brokers negotiate with market makers who concentrate on trading specific stocks to reach a price for the stock.纳斯达克（NASDAQ）是全美证券交易协会自动报价系统的首字母缩略词。
美国纳斯达克上市的条件
美国纳斯达克上市的条件美国纳斯达克交易所是全球最大的科技股交易所，吸引了众多科技公司的关注和追逐。
对于一家公司来说，能够在纳斯达克上市不仅是一种荣耀，更是一种标志着企业实力和发展潜力的象征。
然而，纳斯达克上市并非易事，需要满足一系列严格的条件。
本文将详细介绍美国纳斯达克上市的条件。
首先，公司的财务状况是纳斯达克上市的关键因素之一。
公司须满足资产净额、收入、市值等多个财务指标，以展示公司的盈利能力和成长潜力。
纳斯达克要求公司在过去三个财年中有至少两个财年实现盈利，并且公司的净资产不得低于750万美元。
此外，公司在最近三个财年中的总收入必须达到1100万美元或以上。
其次，公司的股东结构也是纳斯达克上市的重要考量因素。
纳斯达克规定公司必须至少有1,250名股东，且在上市时至少有1,100名股东。
其中，每个股东的每股持有量不得低于100股。
对于大股东而言，纳斯达克要求其所持股份不得超过公司总股本的50%。
这一要求旨在确保公司的股权分散，减少控股股东对公司运营的过分干预。
此外，公司还需要满足纳斯达克交易所对股票的市场价值和流通性的要求。
纳斯达克要求公司在上市时的市值不得低于8500万美元。
公司的股票需要满足一定的流通性要求，如公司的公共股份市值不得低于1500万美元，并且公共股份的股份数须至少达到1500万股。
除了上述核心的条件外，纳斯达克还对公司的治理结构、财务报告与透明度、市场声誉等方面进行审核。
公司需设置独立董事，建立科学的风险管理制度，并制定完善的内部控制制度。
公司的财务报告必须按照美国通用会计准则（GAAP）进行编制，并符合纳斯达克的披露要求。
此外，公司还需要拥有良好的市场声誉，遵守相关监管法规，并尽可能减少与诉讼纠纷的关联。
总结：美国纳斯达克上市的条件可谓严苛而全面，包括财务状况、股东结构、市值流通性等多个方面。
除此之外，公司还需要具备良好的治理结构、财务报告与透明度以及市场声誉。
这些条件要求企业具备一定的实力和潜力，以确保其能够在纳斯达克交易所上市后取得良好的发展。
纳斯达克上市流程及说明
申请在纳斯达克证券市场的程序及说明A、前期评估及签约一、客户填写先期调查的问卷资料，经传真或E-mail发送至MAGNUM集团国际公司。
二、根据客户问卷所填资料，免费进行评估，在72小时回覆能否协助客户上市作业；未通过的公司我们承诺确保资料的机密性，并作为再次填写问卷评估时之参考。
三、客户资料通过了先期评估，符合申请在纳期达克证券市场上市的要求，双方将就上市申请工作签订咨询协议，并注明保证成功上市的条款。
四、与此同时，客户需要聘用一名略懂财务并精通英文的员工，这对於在美国上市的公司来说非常重要。
因为在上市资料审查过程中，有时SEC会要求客户在48小时之内回答一些问题，所以我们必须直接联络客户，并及时协助回答SEC的问题。
B、海外公司上市准备工作一、依据咨询协议生效之日起，将为客户成立其在北美的母公司，并将为客户全部办理好相关法律手续。
二、由客户建议3个北美公司的名称，以备成立北美公司之用，这些公司名称必须使用北美化的名称而不是中式名称，同时由客户提供该北美公司的董事名单、董事长人名、财务及秘书人名（或由一人担任所有职位）。
董事会成员不能有犯罪纪录。
三、我们建议客户在进行上述工作的基础上，至少成立两个免税岛公司，其中一个为北美上市公司（母公司）的全资子公司用於合理避税，另一个应用於客户大股东个人合理避税。
四、成立的北美公司将用作向美国证交会（SEC）申请上市之用，并协助完成以下申请文件。
1、有关证券和交易条例及其修订案所规定的政策及程序；2、SEC的惯例和规则；3、商业计划书；4、财务报表审计报告；5、注册登记文件。
五、当客户签订咨询协议书并交纳履约保证金后，中国公司随即开始初期的文件准备工作。
同时，我们将选定审计师着手准备审计工作。
在上述五项内容中财务报表审计需要的时间最长，因此我们首先确定审计工作。
一般情况下，如果客户迅速回答审计师的询问，初次客户现场审计可能在3-4周内完成。
而审计报告将於随后的2个月内完成。
纳斯达克上市条件(英文版)
`Listing Standards & Fees October 2010TABLE OF CONTENTSNASDAQ GLOBAL SELECT MARKET® (1)INITIAL LISTING (1)FINANCIAL AND QUALITATIVE REQUIREMENTS (1)LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS (3)NASDAQ® INTERMARKET TRANSFERS (4)CONTINUED LISTING (5)ENTRY FEES (5)ANNUAL FEES (6)FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIES (7)FORMS (7)NASDAQ GLOBAL MARKET® (8)INITIAL LISTING (8)CONTINUED LISTING (9)ENTRY FEES (9)ANNUAL FEES (10)FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIES (11)FORMS (11)NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET® (12)INITIAL LISTING (12)CONTINUED LISTING (13)ENTRY FEES (13)ANNUAL FEES (14)FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIES (14)FORMS (15)DUAL LISTINGS (16)LISTING REQUIREMENTS (16)ENTRY FEES (16)ANNUAL FEES (16)LISTING OF ADDITIONAL SHARES FEES (16)FORMS (16)OTHER SECURITIES (17)LISTING REQUIREMENTS (17)FEES (18)FORMS (19)CLOSED-END FUNDS (20)LISTING REQUIREMENTS (20)ENTRY FEES (20)ANNUAL FEES (20)FORMS (21)CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REQUIREMENTS (22)OTHER LISTING REQUIREMENTS (26)LISTING OF ADDITIONAL SHARES (28)FEES (28)STOCK SPLITS, DIVIDENDS AND RIGHTS OFFERINGS (29)FEES (29)CHANGE IN COMPANY RECORD (30)SUBSTITUTION LISTING EVENTS (31)WRITTEN INTERPRETATION OF NASDAQ LISTING RULES (32)NASDAQ GLOBAL SELECT MARKETINITIAL LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the three financial standards and the applicable liquidity requirements below.FINANCIAL AND QUALITATIVE REQUIREMENTSNASDAQ Global Select Market Initial Listing Requirements11 These requirements apply to all companies, other than closed-end management investment companies. A closed end management investment company, including a business development company, is not required to meet the financial requirements of Rule 5315(f)(3). If the common stock of a company is included in The NASDAQ Global Select Market, any other security of that same company, such as other classes of common or preferred stock, which qualifies for listing on The NASDAQ Global Market shall also be included in The NASDAQ Global Select Market. A company whose business plan is to complete an initial public offering and engage in a merger or acquisition with one or more unidentified companies within a specific period of time, as described in IM-5101-2, is not eligible to list on The NADAQ Global Select Market.2 In calculating income from continuing operations before income taxes for purposes of Rule 5315(f)(3)(A), NASDAQ will rely on a company’s annual financial information as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the company’s most recent periodic report and/or registration statement. If a company does not have three years of publicly reported financial data, it may qualify under Rule 5315(f)(3)(A) if it has: (i) reported aggregate income from continuing operations before income taxes of at least $11 million and (ii) positive income from continuing operations before income taxes in each of the reported fiscal years. A period of less than three months shall not be considered a fiscal year, even if reported as a sub period in the company’s publicly reported financial statements.3 In calculating cash flows for purposes of Rule 5315(f)(3)(B), NASDAQ will rely on the net cash provided by operating activities reported in the statements of cash flows, as filed with the SEC in the company’s most recent periodic report and/or registration statement, excluding changes in working capital or in operating assets and liabilities. A period of less than three months shall not be considered a fiscal year, even if reported as a stub period in the company’s publicly reported financial statements.4 In the case of a company listing in connection with its initial public offering, compliance with the market capitalization requirements of Rules 5315(f)(3)(B) and 5315(f)(3)(C) will be based on the company’s market capitalization at the time of listing.5 The bid price requirement is not applicable to a company listed on The NASDAQ Global Market that transfers its listing to The NASDAQ Global Select Market.6 A company that also satisfies the requirements of Rule 5405(b)(1) or 5405(b)(2) is required to have three market makers. Otherwise, the company is required to have four market makers. An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considereda market maker for the purpose of these rules.7 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTSCompanies must meet all of the criteria in their specific category. The charts below are presented in two separate groups: (i) new company listings and (ii) closed-end management investment companies.NASDAQ Global Select Market Initial Listing Requirements1 Companies affiliated with another company listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market. For purposes of Rule 5315, a company is affiliated with another company if that other company, directly or indirectly though one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control of the company. For purposes of these rules, control means having the ability to exercise significant influence. Ability to exercise significant influence will be presumed to exist where the parent or affiliated company directly or indirectly owns 20% or more of the other company’s voting securities, and also can be indicated by representation on the board of directors, participation in policy making processes, material intercompany transactions, interchange of managerial personnel, or technological dependency.2 Round lot and total shareholders include both beneficial holders and holders of record.3 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.1 As defined by the Investment Company Act of 19402 Round lot and total shareholders include both holders of beneficial interest and holders of record.3 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.NASDAQ INTERMARKET TRANSFERSEach October, NASDAQ will review the qualifications of all securities listed on The NASDAQ Global Market that are not included in The NASDAQ Global Select Market. Any security that meets the requirements for initial listing on The NASDAQ Global Select Market contained in Rule at the time of this review will be transferred to the Global Select Market the following January, provided it meets 5315 the continued listing criteria at that time. An issuer will not owe any application or entry fees in connection with such a transfer.At any time, an issuer may apply to transfer a security listed on The NASDAQ Global Market to The NASDAQ Global Select Market. Such an application will be approved and effected as soon as practicable if the security meets the requirements for initial listing contained in Rule 5315. An issuer will not owe any application or entry fees in connection with such a transfer.At any time, an issuer may apply to transfer a security listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market to The NASDAQ Global Select Market. Such an application will be approved and effected as soon as practicable if the security meets the requirements for initial listing contained in Rule 5315. An issuer transferring from The NASDAQ Capital Market to The NASDAQ Global Select Market generally will not owe any applicable or entry fees in connection with such transfer.CONTINUED LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the three standards below.NASDAQ Global Select Market Continued Listing Requirements11 Companies must meet the bid price and total shareholders requirements as set forth in Rule 5450(a) and at least one of the Standards in Rule 5450(b).2 The term, “listed securities”, is defined as “securities listed on NASDAQ or another national securities exchange.”3 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.4 Total shareholders include both holders of beneficial interest and holders of record.5 An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considered a market maker for the purpose of these rules.6 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.ENTRY FEES• Entry fees are based upon the aggregate number of shares to be listed at the time of initial listing, regardless of class.• Fees are assessed on the date of entry in The NASDAQ Global Select Market, except for $25,000, which represents a non-refundable application fee. This fee must be submitted with the company’s application.• For non-U.S. issuers, entry fees are levied only on those shares or American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) issued and outstanding in the United States.• Entry fees paid by a company for all classes of securities listed on the Global Select Market, including entry fees previously paid by the company to list securities at an earlier date, shall not exceed $225,000. However, notwithstanding this fee cap, applications are subject to the $25,000 non-refundable fee.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for any company transferring from The NASDAQ Global Market to The NASDAQ Global Select Market.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for a company that transfers its listing from The NASDAQ Capital Market to The NASDAQ Global Select Market provided that the company listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market prior to January 1, 2007 or the company listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market on or after January 1, 2007 and did not qualify for The NASDAQ Global Select Market at the time of its initial listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market. Any other issuer must pay the entry fees for the Global Select Market, less the entry fees (but not the application fee) the company previously paid in connection with its listing on the Capital Market. The company is not required to pay the application fee in connection with the application to transfer its listing.• A company that submits an application to list on The NASDAQ Capital Market, but prior to listing, revises its application to seek listing on The NASDAQ Global Select Market, is not required to pay an additional application fee in connection with its revised application.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for any securities that are transferred from a national securities exchange to list exclusively on The NASDAQ Stock Market®.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is listed on another securities exchange but not listed on NASDAQ, if the issuer of such securities is acquired by an unlistedcompany and, in connection with the acquisition, the unlisted company lists exclusively on The NASDAQ Global Select Market.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is dually listed on the New York Stock Exchange and The NASDAQ Stock Market. Companies that dually list on other securities exchanges are subject to the applicable fees described in this section. (Please see Dual Listings on page 16.)NASDAQ Global Select Market Entry FeesANNUAL FEES• Annual fees are based on the company’s Total Shares Outstanding (TSO) for all classes of stock listed on the Global Select Market as of December 31st. NASDAQ uses the TSO reported in the company’s latest filing at the time of billing. For non-U.S. issues, TSO includes only those shares issued and outstanding in the United States.• In the first year of listing, the company’s annual fee will be prorated based on the date of listing and based on the TSO as reported in the company’s latest filing on record with NASDAQ as of the date of listing.• For a company transferring to The NASDAQ Global Select Market from The NASDAQ Capital Market, NASDAQ will apply a credit toward the balance of the company’s new annual fee based on the annual fee already paid.• Annual fees for American Depository Receipts listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market are based on the number of ADRs listed. NASDAQ will apply fees based on ADRs, as reported in the issuer’s mostrecent periodic report required to be filed with the i ssuer’s appropriate regulatory authority or in morerecent information held by NASDAQ as of December 31st.NASDAQ Global Select Market Annual Fees**For issuers except ADRs, “other securities”, portfolio depository receipts, trust issued receipts, index fund shares and closed-end funds. For dually listed securities, please see Dual Listings on page 16. For a complete listing of the Global Select Market fees, refer to the NASDAQ Listing Rule 5900 Series.FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIESCompanies listed on NASDAQ must complete an application to list a new class of securities that is not currently listed on NASDAQ. When a current NASDAQ-listed company lists a new class of securities on The NASDAQ Global Select Market, it is assessed a variable fee based on the total number of shares outstanding of the new class of securities at the time of initial listing. Entry fees paid by a company for all classes of securities listed on the Global Select Market, including entry fees previously paid by the company to list securities at an earlier date, shall not exceed $225,000.Fees are assessed on the date of entry in The NASDAQ Global Select Market, except for $25,000, which represents a non-refundable application fee. This fee must be submitted with the company’s application. The company will also be assessed a pro-rated annual fee.FORMSApplications, listing agreements and payment forms are located at https://.NASDAQ GLOBAL MARKETINITIAL LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the four standards below.NASDAQ Global Market Initial Listing Requirements11 Companies must meet the bid price, publicly held shares, and round lot holders requirements as set forth in Rule 5405(a) and at least one of the Standards in Rule 5405(b).2 Seasoned companies (those companies already listed or quoted on another marketplace) qualifying only under the Market Value Standard must meet the market value of listed securities and the bid price requirements for 90 consecutive trading days prior to applying for listing.3 The term, “listed securities”, is defined as “securities listed on NASDAQ or another national securities exchange.”4 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.5 Round lot holders are shareholders of 100 shares or more. The number of beneficial holders is considered in addition to holders of record.6 An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considered a market maker for the purpose of these rules.7 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.CONTINUED LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the three standards below.NASDAQ Global Market Continued Listing Requirements11 Companies must meet the bid price and total shareholders requirements as set forth in Rule 5450(a) and at least one of the Standards in Rule 5450(b).2 The term, “listed securities”, is defined as “securities listed on NASDAQ or another national securities exchange.”3 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.4 Total shareholders include both holders of beneficial interest and holders of record.5 An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considered a market maker for the purpose of these rules.6 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.ENTRY FEES• Entry fees are based upon the aggregate number of shares to be listed at the time of initial listing, regardless of class.• Fees are assessed on the date of entry in The NASDAQ Global Market, except for $25,000, which represents a non-refundable application fee. This fee must be submitted with the company’s application.• For non-U.S. issuers, entry fees are levied only on those shares or American Depositary Receipts issued and outstanding in the United States.• Entry fees paid by a company for all classes of securities listed on the Global Market, including entry fees previously paid by the company to list securities at an earlier date, shall not exceed $225,000. However, notwithstanding this fee cap, applications are subject to the $25,000 non-refundable fee.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for a company that transfers its listing from The NASDAQ Capital Market to The NASDAQ Global Market provided that the company listed on The NASDAQ CapitalMarket prior to January 1, 2007 or the company listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market on or after January 1, 2007 and did not qualify for The NASDAQ Global Market at the time of its initial listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market. Any other issuer must pay the entry fees for the Global Market, less the entry fees (but not theapplication fee) the company previously paid in connection with its listing on the Capital Market. The company is not required to pay the application fee in connection with the application to transfer its listing.• A company that submits an application to list on The NASDAQ Capital Market, but prior to listing, revises its application to seek listing on The NASDAQ Global Market, is not required to pay the application fee inconnection with its revised application.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for any securities that are transferred from a national securities exchange to list exclusively on The NASDAQ Stock Market.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is listed on another securities exchange but not listed on NASDAQ, if the issuer of such securities is acquired by an unlistedcompany and, in connection with the acquisition, the unlisted company lists exclusively on The NASDAQ Global Market.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is dually listed on the New York Stock Exchange and The NASDAQ Stock Market. Companies that dually list on other securities exchanges are subject to the applicable fees described in this section. (Please see Dual Listings on page 16.)NASDAQ Global Market Entry FeesANNUAL FEES• Annual fees are based on the company’s Total Shares Outstanding (TSO) for all classes of stock listed on the Global Market as of December 31st. NASDAQ uses the TSO reported in the company’s latest filing at the time of billing. For non-U.S. issuers, TSO includes only those shares issued and outstanding in the United States.• In the first year of listing, the company’s annual fee will be prorated based on the date of listing and based on the TSO as reported .in the company’s latest filing on record with NASDAQ as of the date of listing.• For a company transferring to The NASDAQ Global Market from The NASDAQ Capital Market, NASDAQ will apply a credit toward the balance of the company’s new annual fee based on the annual fee already paid.• Annual fees for American Depository Receipts listed on The NASDAQ Global Market are based on the number of ADRs listed. NASDAQ will apply fees based on ADRs, as reported in the issuer’s most recent periodic report required to be filed with the issuer’s appropriate regulatory authority or in more recent information held by NASDAQ as of December 31st.NASDAQ Global Market Annual Fees** For issuers except ADRs, “other securities”, portfolio depository receipts, trust issued receipts, index fund shares and closed-end funds. For dually listed securities, please see Dual Listings on page 16. For a complete listing of the Global Market fees, refer to the NASDAQ Listing Rule 5900 Series.FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIESCompanies listed on NASDAQ must complete an application to list a new class of securities that is not currently listed on NASDAQ. When a current NASDAQ-listed company lists a new class of securities on The NASDAQ Global Market, it is assessed a variable fee based on the total number of shares outstanding of the new class of securities at the time of initial listing. Entry fees paid by a company for all classes of securities listed on the Global Market, including entry fees previously paid by the company to list securities at an earlier date, shall not exceed $225,000.Fees are assessed on the date of entry in The NASDAQ Global Market, except for $25,000, which represents a non-refundable application fee. This fee must be submitted with the company’s application. The company will also be assessed a pro-rated annual fee.FORMSApplications, listing agreements and payment forms are located at https://..NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKETINITIAL LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the three standards below.NASDAQ Capital Market Initial Listing Requirements11 Companies must meet the bid price, publicly held shares, round lot holders, and market makers requirements as set forth in Rule 5505(a) and at least one of the Standards in Rule 5505(b).2 Seasoned companies (those companies already listed or quoted on another marketplace) qualifying only under the Market Value of Listed Securities Standard must meet the market value of listed securities and the bid price requirements for 90 consecutive trading days prior to applying for listing.3 The term, “listed securities”, is defined as “securities listed on NASDAQ or another national securities exchange.”4 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company. In the case of ADRs, at least 400,000 shall be issued.5 Round lot holders are shareholders of 100 shares or more. The number of beneficial holders is considered in addition to holders of record.6 An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considered a market maker for the purpose of these rules.7 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.CONTINUED LISTINGCompanies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of the three standards below.NASDAQ Capital Market Continued Listing Requirements11 Companies must meet the bid price, publicly held shares, market value of publicly held shares, public holders, and market makers requirements as set forth in Rule 5550(a) and at least one of the Standards in Rule 5550(b).2 The term, “listed securities”, is defined as “securities listed on NASDAQ or another national securities exchange.”3 Publicly held shares is defined as total shares outstanding, less any shares held directly or indirectly by officers, directors or any person who is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding of the company.4 Public holders of a security include both beneficial holders and holders of record, but does not include any holder who is directly or indirectly an executive officer, director, or the beneficial holder of more than 10% of the total shares outstanding.5 An electronic communications network (ECN) is not considered a market maker for the purpose of these rules.6 In addition to the above quantitative requirements, companies must comply with all corporate governance requirements as set forth in the Rule 5600 Series.ENTRY FEES• Entry fees are based upon the aggregate number of shares to be listed at the time of initial listing, regardless of class.• Fees are assessed on the date of entry in The NASDAQ Capital Market, except for $5,000, which represents a non-refundable application fee. This fee must be submitted with the company’s application.• For non-U.S. issuers, entry fees are levied only on those shares or American Depositary Receipts issued and outstanding in the United States.• Entry fees paid by a company for all classes of securities listed on the Capital Market, including entry fees previously paid by the company to list securities at an earlier date, shall not exceed $75,000. However, notwithstanding this fee cap, applications are subject to the $5,000 non-refundable fee.• A company that submits an application to list on The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market, but prior to listing, revises its application to seek listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market, is not required to pay the application fee in connection with its revised application.• NASDAQ does not charge application or entry fees for any securities that are transferred from a national securities exchange to list exclusively on The NASDAQ Stock Market.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is listed on another securities exchange but not listed on NASDAQ, if the issuer of such securities is acquired by an unlistedcompany and, in connection with the acquisition, the unlisted company lists exclusively on The NASDAQ Capital Market.• NASDAQ does not charge entry or application fees for the securities of a company that is dually listed on the New York Stock Exchange and The NASDAQ Stock Market. Companies that dually list on other securities exchanges are subject to the applicable fees described in this section. (Please see Dual Listings on page 16.)NASDAQ Capital Market Entry FeesANNUAL FEES• Annual fees are based on the company’s Total Shares Outstanding (TSO) for all classes of stock listed on the Capital Market as of December 31st. NASDAQ uses the TSO reported in the company’s latest filing at the time of billing. For non-U.S. issuers, TSO includes only those shares issued and outstanding in the United States.• In the first year of listing, the company’s annual fee will be prorated based on the date of listing and based on the TSO as reported in the company’s latest filing on record with NASDAQ as of the date of listing.• For a company transferring to The NASDAQ Capital Market from The NASDAQ Global Select Market or Global Market, NASDAQ will apply a credit toward the balance of the company’s new annual fee based on the annual fee already paid.• Annual fees for American Depository Receipts listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market are based on the aggregate number of all classes of ADRs listed. NASDAQ will apply fees based on ADRs, as reported in the issuer’s most recent periodic report required to be filed with the issuer’s appropriate regulatory authority or in more recent information held by NASDAQ as December 31st.NASDAQ Capital Market Annual Fees** For dually listed securities, please see Dual Listings on page 16. For a complete listing of the Capital Market fees, refer to the NASDAQ Listing Rule 5900 Series.FEES FOR LISTING A NEW CLASS OF SECURITIESCompanies listed on NASDAQ must complete an application to list a new class of securities that is not currently listed on NASDAQ. When a current NASDAQ-listed company lists a new class of securities on The NASDAQ Capital Market, it is assessed a variable fee based on the total number of shares outstanding of the new class of。
nasdaq 退市规则
nasdaq 退市规则
纳斯达克退市规则，也称为纳斯达克市场维持规则，是纳斯达克交易所制定的一套规则，用于监管上市公司的财务状况和市值。
根据这些规则，如果一个公司不符合纳斯达克的退市标准，交易所将有权将其股票从纳斯达克交易所摘牌。
以下是纳斯达克退市规则的一些主要方面：
1. 股票价格要求：纳斯达克要求上市公司的股票价格在连续
30个交易日中不低于1美元。
如果公司股票价格连续30个交
易日低于1美元，则可能面临摘牌风险。
2. 市值要求：纳斯达克要求上市公司的市值（市值=股票价格
×流通股数）不低于350万美元。
如果公司市值低于350万美元，纳斯达克可能会考虑将其摘牌。
3. 公司财务状况要求：纳斯达克要求上市公司必须维持一定的财务状况，包括连续两年的盈利能力和净资产要求。
如果公司连续两年的财务状况不符合纳斯达克的要求，可能会面临退市风险。
4. 审核委员会决定：最终是否摘牌由纳斯达克的上市审查委员会决定。
该委员会会定期审查上市公司的财务状况和市值，并根据纳斯达克退市规则作出决策。
需要注意的是，纳斯达克还有其他退市规则和程序，例如申请延迟摘牌程序和法定股东权益计划等，以提供给上市公司解决
潜在退市风险的机会。
不同的规则和程序适用于不同的情况，上市公司应根据自身情况咨询纳斯达克交易所或专业顾问人员。
斯塔尔报告斯塔尔报告全文
斯塔尔报告斯塔尔报告全文斯塔尔报告一:美国可能将在金融、政治、军事上都遭到重创！中国的A股将站上__点！这几天心里颇不宁静。
我在1月30日接受红德网采访时曾高调唱空美元和美股，警告说美元可能跌至70-75，美股可能跌至__点。
结果这个话说了不到三天，也就是2月2日，黑色星期五，美股就开始大跌，跌去666点；2月5日，更是黑得不得了的黑色星期一，美股竟然跌去1000多点，盘中甚至大跌1600点，创下美股历史上单日最大跌幅（仅指所跌点数）。
最要命的是，美股的暴跌，也波及到其他市场。
连我们的A 股也被拖累大跌，股民们损失惨重。
于是上看到有很多人骂我，骂我的人远远超过赞扬我的人。
昨天一时气愤，就在我自己的个人公众号里发了两句牢骚，甚至说出自己该得诺贝尔经济奖之类的话，现在想来也还是后悔。
想我已经人到中年，最后不过还是热血青葱少年一枚。
何苦来哉！昨天晚上美股又暴跌1000多点，特朗普和美国政府企图挽救美股的美梦再次破产，罗杰斯认为美股会先走强再走弱的观点今天看来也是笑话。
就如我曾批评耶伦一样，作为金融人，最大的错误就是和趋势作对。
因为那是螳臂当车，蚍蜉撼树！美国在金融遭遇重创去年7月份，我写了一篇文章《2018，金融风暴卷土重来，帝国崩塌》。
我相信，中国的大部分金融人都通过各种渠道读过这篇文章，可能也有读过文章但不知道是我写的。
在这篇文章里，我在披露金融危机具有十年一次的周期性时曾说过这么一句话：金融危机到底有没有周期性？这是金融界的哥赫巴德猜想，也是金融研究中王冠上的明珠。
这句话可能很多人并没有注意。
其实这就是金融基础研究，也是最具挑战的研究。
因为谁先洞察了金融危机的周期性，谁就可以掌握主动，谁就赢得先机。
这也是我们在去年下半年为什么要强行收缩海外投资的根本原因，可惜王健林等是不明白的。
有人在天涯社区发帖，希望我公布研究模型。
我不知道他的动机，但我只能说，这是咱家吃饭的家伙，也算是国之重器，肯定不能轻易示人。
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美国证券市场概况
美国拥有全球最大的资本市场，聚集着10兆亿美元的游资 股票日成交量达30多亿股，日成交金额达数万亿美元，占全球总成交量的55％以上。
美国证券市场
纽约 证券交易所
美国 证券交易所
NASDAQ 市场
中国企业海外上市融资的重要市场 采用美国会计准则，监管非常严格， 对信息披露要求很高 公司估值一般可获得高溢价 公司可在该市场获得很强的后续融 资能力
首次上市费用
最高$150.000 最高$150.000
最低$150.000 最低$100.000 $125.000
纳斯达克在各个已发行股份水平 上的首次上市费用都比NYSE底。 在纳斯达克首次公开募股5千万股 票的首次上市费用是同等规模公 司在NYSE上市的1/2。
已发行股份总额（百万）
$180.00 $160.00 $140.00 $120.00
$100.00
$60.00 $40.00 $20.00
品牌—纳斯达克是产业领导者的市场
在纳斯达克上市的公司来自各个经济别类
工业
能源和公用事业 金融
消费
电信
LEVEL 3
原材料
卫生保健
信息技术
50%福布斯100最快增长企业 80%福布斯最有价值品牌
为什么要去美国上市？
法律 政策
1、 拥有三大股票交易市场 2、 融资机构规模数量巨大 3 、股市的交易、活动频繁 4 、资本市场无涨跌停板规 定 5 、无货币管制、进出自由 6 、鼓励外国公司投资行为 7 、税法规定 非美国投资者 证券盈利无需纳税
英文简称
NYSE AMEX NGM NSCM OTCBB
股票数目
约3500 约1500 约5000 约1800 约3200
粉单市场
Pink Sheets
约5000
美国主要证券市场上市条件一览表
项目 最低资产净值 NYSE 6000万美元 250万美元/三 年650万美元 110万股 NGM 1500万美元 NSCM 500万美元 AMEX 400万美元
红线代表美国股 票交易所指数， 显示美交所大盘 情况
这个结果充分体现了纳斯达克股票市场的活力! 从1971年至今的30多年的时间中……
纳斯达克历史走势图
纳斯达克证券交易所
NASDAQ （National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation） 简称：纳斯达克 全称：全美证券商协会自动报价系统 纳斯达克始建于1971年，是一个完全采用电子交易、为新兴产业提供竞争舞台、自我 监管、面向全球的股票市场。纳斯达克是世界最大的股票电子交易市场。
市场做市商数
2000国外5000
Specialist
400
3
300
3
400-800
Specialist
美国各主要证交所历史数据比较
黑线代表纳斯达 克综合指数，是 过去30多年中增 长最快的股票综 合指数
蓝线代表Dow Jones指数，是 最常用的股票指 数之一
黄线代表标准普 尔500指数通常 被用来衡量股票 市场表现
美国多层次资本市场
纽交所 纳斯达克精选 和全球市场 美交所 纳斯达克小型 资本市场 AMEX NASDAQ CM NYSE NASDAQ GS NASDAQ GM
OTCBB市场 OTCBB 粉单市场 Pink Sheet
美国证券市场
各股票市场的挂牌股票数目
股票交易所市场
纽约证券交易所 美国证券交易所 纳斯达克全球市场 纳斯达克小资本市场 电子版市场
纳斯达克 全球市场
NASDAQ-GM
纳斯达克 全球精选 市场
NASDAQ-GS
纳斯达克 资本市场
NASDAQ-CM
纳斯达克股票交易市场 (NASDAQ)
纽交所纳斯达克上市费用比较
纳斯达克全国市场 NYSE 首次上市费用
$140.00
$120.00 $100.00 $60.00 $40.00 $20.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
纳斯达克全球精选市场为那些满足最严格首次上市财务标 准的公司而创建，这样严格的标准从未见诸任何股票市场
纳斯达克全球市场之前名为纳斯达克全国 市场，新名称更加准确的反映了上市公司 的全球领导地位和国际延展力
纳斯达克资本市场之前名为小型资本 市场，它于2005年重命名以反映这个 市场的核心目标，既筹集资本
纳斯达克股票市场是世界主要股票市场成长速度最快的市场，而且它是首家电子化的 股票市场。美国市场上换手的股票中有超过半数的交易在纳斯达克上进行的，将近有 5400家公司的证券在这个市场上挂牌。
品牌—纳斯达克的三级市场体系
2006年2月15日，纳斯达克宣布为公共公司创建一个新的市场层级，它拥有世 界上最高的首次上市标准
企业优势
1 、均可获得上市融资机会 可自主选择融资渠道 2 、发行新股融资不限制发行 由董事会决定向监管部门 上报即可 3 、股票可抵押，获现金贷款 4 、向公众发行债券进行融资 5、 管理层可持股或拥有期权 6 、股票过锁定期可流通交易 7 、管理层个人利益最大化
税前纯利要求
最低发行股数
100万美元
110万股
75万美元
100万股
75万美元
100万股
最低发行市值
最低营业年限 最少独立董事 最低挂牌股价
6000万美元
否 董事会一半以上 5美元
800万美元
否 董事会一半以上 5美元
500万美元
否 董事会一半以上 4美元
300万美元
否 至少3人以上 3美元
最低股东人数
美国股市的起源
1792年5月17日，24名纽约经纪人 在纽约华尔街68号外的一棵梧桐树下签署 了梧桐树协议，协议规定了经纪人的“联 盟与合作”规则，约定以后每天都在此进 行股票等证券的交易，这也是纽约交易所 的诞生日。1817年，这个组织起草了一 项章程，并把名字更改为“纽约证券交易 委员会”。1863年，它正式更名为纽约 证券交易所。这便是美国股市的起源。
年上市费用
年上市费用
纳斯达克上市公司每年支付的费 用大大低于在NYSE上市的同等 股份数额的公司
每股$.00093 至最高$500.000 最高$75.000 最低$38.000 $29.820 $21.225 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 已发行股份总额（百万） $51.750