2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案Part 1 Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) See a doctorB) Stay in bed for a few days.C) Get treatment in a better hospital.D) Make a phone call to the doctor.2. A) The 2:00 train will arrive earlier.B) The 2:30 train has a dining car.C) The woman prefers to take the 2:30 train.D) they are gong to have some fast food on the train.3. A) She has been longing to attend Harvard University.B) She’ll consider the man’s suggestion carefully.C) She has finished her project with Dr. Garcia’s help.D) She’ll consult Dr. Garcia about entering graduate school.4. A) Alice didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech.B) Alice needs more training in making public speeches.C) The man can hardly understand Alice’s presentation.D) The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.5. A) It’s worse than 30 years ago.B) It remains almost the same as before.C) There are more extremes in the weather.D) There has been a significant rise in temperature.6. A) At a publishing house.B) At a bookstore.C) In a reading roomD) In Prof. Jordan’s office7. A) The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.B) Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.C) Her brother can find an apartment for the man.D) The man should have booked a less expensive hotel.8. A) Priority should be given to listening.B) It’s most helpful to read English newspapers every day.C) It’s more effective to combine listening wi th reading.D) Reading should come before listening.9. A) It can help solve complex problems.B) It will most likely prove ineffectiveC) It is a new weapon against terrorists.D) It will help detect all kinds of liars.10. A) Help the company recruit graduate students.B) Visit the electronics company next week.C) Get a part-time job on campus before graduation.D) Apply for a job in the electronics companySection BDirections: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B) C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) It ha been proven to be the best painkiller.B) It is a possible cure for heart disease.C) It can help lower high body temperature effectively.D) It reduces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.12. A) It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.B) It speeds up their recovery after surgery.C) It in creases the blood flow to the heart.D) It adjusts their blood pressure.13. A) It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.B) It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.C) It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.D) It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They strongly believe in family rules.B) They are very likely to succeed in life.world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip. Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America. owned by PepsiCo. And accounts for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. “Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumers-especially young people-see as part of a modern, innovative (创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know than Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo (标识).The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips. would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rater, they see Frito-Lay as spreading th e benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.21. It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marketing that_____.A) Potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world marketB) Their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales.C) The light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chipsD) People all over the world enjoy eating their company’s potato chips22. What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?A) Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers.B) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.C) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.D) It needs to turn to the word market for development.23. One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy isthat_____.A) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brandsB) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brandsC) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profitsD) products identified as American will have promising market value24. Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.B) To promote the company's strategy of globalization.C) To change the company’s long-held marketing image.D) To compete with other American chip producers.25. Frito-Lay's executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market_____.A) won't affect the eating habits of the local peopleB) will lead to economic imperialismC) will be in the interest of the local peopleD) won’t spoil the t aste of their chipsPassage TwoQuestion 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain School District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. ”We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. ”Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent (有偿付能力的). They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for them to solve this problem.The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have im agined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing up a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll (工资单) to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts in its 38schools. At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educatingcars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the schools, and we see how they could be affected.”At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (论坛).“Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”26. What has happened to the Vrain School District?A) A huge financial problem has arisen.B) Many schools there are mismanaged.C) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.27. How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?A) They felt somewhat helpless about it.B) They accused those responsible for it.C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D) They demanded a through investigation.28. In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortageis_________.A) unavoidableB) unthinkableC) insolvableD) irreversible29. Why did Coffman request an investigation?A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bond issue.30. Three high school students started a website in order to__________.A) attract greater public attention to their needsB) appeal to the public for contributions and donationsC) expose officials who neglected their dutiesD) keep people properly informed of the crisisPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress onthe body. While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you..In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health thant hose who felt they couldn’t get the job done.Stress that you can manage may also boost immune (免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory (血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity (长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”31. The passage is mainly about______A) the benefits of manageable stressB) how to avoid stressful situationsC) how to cope with stress effectivelyD) the effects of stress hormones on memory32. The word “shun”(Line 1,Para.1) most probably means________.A) cut down onB) stay away fromC) run out ofD) put up with33. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_______A) people under stress tend to have a poor memoryB) people who can’t get their j ob done experience more stressC) doing challenging work may be good for one’s healthD) stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs34. In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced adownturn in the antibody because______.A) the video was not enjoyable at allB) the outcome was beyond their controlC) they knew little about surgical proceduresD) they felt no pressure while watching the video35. Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that______.A) a per son’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his bodyB) stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brainC) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory functionD) a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.If you say to your childr en “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective:” I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset” ; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition (悔悟), children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.36. If a mother adds ”but” to an apology,________.A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized.B) she does not realize that the child has been hurtC) the child may find the apology easier to acceptD) the child may feel that he owes her an apology37. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probablymeans”_______”A) You have good reason to get upsetB) I’m aware you’re upset ,but I’m not to blameC) I apologize for hurting your feelingsD) I’m at fault for making you upset38. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because______.A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promisesB) it may make the other person feel guiltyC)it is vague and ineffectiveD) it is hurtful and insulting39. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry______.A) the complexities involved should be ignoredB) their ages should be taken into accountC) parents need to set them a good exampleD) parents should be patient and tolerant40. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _________.A) a social issue calling for immediate attentionB) not necessary among family membersC) a sign of social progressD) not as simple as it seemsPart III Vocabulary (20minutes)Directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. Some people believe that since oil is scarce, the ____of the motor industry is uncertain.A) terminal B) benefit C) fate D) estimate42. To speed up the ______of letters, the Post Office introduced automatic sorting.A) treatment B) delivery C) transmission D) departure43. These overseas students show great ______ for learning a new language.A) enthusiasm B) authority C) convention D) faith44. The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the ______of the murder committed last month.A) observers B) witnesses C) audiences D) viewers45. Politically these nations tend to be ______, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.A) unstable B) reluctant C) rational D) unsteady46. The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary ________too much work last week.A) take to B) take out C) take away D) take on47. "You try to get some sleep. I'll _____the patient's breakfast, "said the nurse.A) see to B) stick to C) get to D) lead to48. The London Marathon is a difficult race.______, thousands of runners participate every year.A) Therefore B) Furthermore C) Accordingly D) Nevertheless49. The bank refused to ______him any money, so he had to postpone buying a house.A) credit B) borrow C) loan D) lease50. The more a nation's companies _______ factories abroad, the smaller that country's recorded exports will be.A) lie B) spot C) stand D) locate51. Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as a (n)______for breaking the law.A) excuse B) intention C) option D) approval52. Within two days, the army fired more than two hundred rockets and missiles at military _____in the coastal city.A) goals B) aims C) targets D) destinations53. It is said in some parts of the world, goats, rather than cows, serve as a vital _____of milk.A) storage B) reserve C) resource D) source54. "This light is too______ for me to read by. Don’t we have a brighte r bulb somewhere？" said the elderly man.A mild B) dim C) minute D) slight55. We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be _____and go another day.A) reliable B) probable C) feasible D) flexible56. We are quite sure that we can ______our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.A) get across B) get over C) get away D) get off57. ______recent developments we do not think your scheme is practical.A) In view of B) In case of C) In memory of D) in favor of58. Jessica was ______from the warehouse to the accounting office, which was considered a promotion.A) delivered B) exchanged C) transferred D) transformed59. Mr. Smith asked his secretary to ____a new paragraph in the annual report she was typing.A) inject B) install C) invade D) insert60. There's the living room still to be _____,so that's my next project.A) abandoned B) decorated C) dissolved D) assessed61. The old paper mill has been ______to make way for a new shopping centre.A) cut down B) kept down C) torn down D) held down62. It may be necessary to stop ______ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.A) at a distance B) at intervals C) at case D) at length63. You can hire a bicycle in many places. Usually you'll have to pay a _________.A) fare B) fund C) deposit D) deal64. My grandfather had always taken a _______interest in my work, and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time.A) splendid B) weighty C) vague D) keen65. ________quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.A) Excessive B) Extensive C) Extreme D) exclusive66. John cannot afford to go to university, _______ going abroad.A) nothing but B) anything but C) not to speak of D) nothing to speak of67. Most laboratory and field studies of human behavior ______taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place.A) involve B) compose C) enclose D) attach68. If you don’t like to swim, you _____as well stay at home.A) should B) may C) can D) would69. Dr. Smith was always __ the poor and the sick, often providing them with free medical care.A) reminded of B) absorbed in C) tended by D) concerned about70. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on July 4,1826,the fiftieth ______of American Independence.A) ceremony B) occasion C) occurrence D) anniversaryPart ⅣCloze ( 15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for thatdread ed “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 71 only once – for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 72 made me quite curious about how 73 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 74 with a real midair medical emergency-without access 75 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 76 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 77 a study about in–flight medical events. I read it 78 interest.The study estimated that there are a(n) 79 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 80 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 81 13% of them –roughly four a day – are serious enough to 82 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 83 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.Let’s face it: plane rides are 84 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 85 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 86 , but passengers with heart disease 87 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 88 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis – the so-called economy class syndrome (综合症). 89 happe ns, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 90 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks71. A) called B) addressed C) informed D) surveyed72. A) accident B) condition C) incident D) disaster73. A) soon B) long C) many D) often74. A) confronted B) treated C) identified D) provided75. A) for B) to C) by D) through76. A) before B) since C) when D) while77. A) collected B) conducted C) discovered D) published78. A) by B) of C) with D) in79. A) amount B) average C) sum D) number80. A) significant B) heavy C) common D) serious81. A) For B) On C) But D) So82. A) require B) inspire C) engage D) command83. A) include B) confine C) imply D) contain84. A) enjoyable B) stimulating C) tedious D) stressful85. A) who B) what C) which D) that86. A) harshly B) reluctantly C) easily D) casually87. A) ought to B) may C) used to D) need88. A) Any B) One C) Other D) Another89. A) Whatever B) Whichever C) Whenever D) Wherever90. A) most B) worst C) least D) bestPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below :1．名校校园正成为旅游新热点2．校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同3．我认为……Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?2006年1月四级试题详解2006年1月参考答案1.A2.C3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A8.C9.B 10.D11.D 12.A 13.A 14. B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D听力原文Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1. W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her.Her left leg doesn’t hurt as much as it did yesterday.M: She’d better have it examined by a doctor anyway.And I will call her about it this evening.Q: What does the man think Carol should do?2. M: There is a non-stop train for Washington and it leaves at 2:30.W: It is faster than the 2 o’clock train. Besides, we can have something to eatbefore getting on the train.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3. M: Hi, Melissa, how is your project going?Have you thought about going to graduate school?W: Everything is coming along really well. I have been thinking about graduate school. But I’ll talk to my tutor Doctor Garseer first a nd see what she thinks.Q: What do you learn about the woman from the conversation?4. W: Did you attend Alice’s presentation last night?It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?5. W: You’ve been doing weather reports for neatly 30 years.Has the weather got any worse in all these years?M: Well, not necessarily worse. But we are seeing more swings.Q: What does the man say about the weather?6. M: Excuse me, I am looking for the textbook by Professor Jordon for the Marketing course.W: I am afraid it’s out of stock. You’ll have to order it.And it will take the publisher 3 weeks to send it to us.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?7. M: I am going to New York next week, but the hotel I booked is really expensive.W: Why book a hotel? My brother has 2 spare rooms in his apartment.Q: What does the woman mean?8. W: In my opinion, watching News on TV is a good way to learn English. What do you think?M: It would be better if you could check the same informationin English newspapers afterwards.Q: What does the man say about learning English?9. M: I hear a newly-invented drug can make people tell the truthand it may prove useful in questioning terrorists. Isn’t it incredible?W: Simple solutions to complex problems rarely succeed.As far ad I know, no such drugs are ever known to work.Q: What does the woman think of the new day?10. M: You know the electronics company is coming to our campusto recruit graduate students next week.W: Really? What day? I'd like to talk to them and hand in my resume.Q: What does the woman want to do?Section TwoPassage oneA new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart more than 800,000 people around the world have this heart surgery each year. The doctors who carried out this study say giving aspirin to patients soon after the operation could save thousands of lives. People usually take aspirin to control pain and reduce high body temperature. Doctors also advise some people to take aspirin to help prevent heart attacks. About 10-15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs. The new study shows that even a small amount of aspirin reduced such threats. The doctors said the chance of death for patients who tool aspirin would fall by 67%. They claimed this was true if the aspirin was given within 48 hours of the operation. The doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked. However, the doctors warned that。
2020年大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A）They came in five different colors. C）They were a very good design.B）They were good value for money. D）They were sold out very quickly.2. A）Ask her roommate not to speak loudly on the phone.B）Ask her roommate to make her phone calls outside.C）Go and find a quieter place to review her lessons.D）Report her problem to the dorm management.3. A）The washing machine is totally beyond repair.B）He will help Wendy prepare her annual report.C）Wendy should give priority to writing her report.D）The washing machine should be checked annually.4. A）The man fell down when removing the painting.B）The wall will be decorated with a new painting.C）The woman likes the painting on the wall.D）The painting is now being reframed.5. A）It must be missing. C）The man took it to the market.B）It was left in the room. D）She placed it on the dressing table.6. A）Go to a play. C）Book some tickets.B）Meet Janet. D）Have a get-together.7. A）One box of books is found missing. C）Replacements have to be ordered.B）Some of the boxes arrived too late. D）Some of the books are damaged.8. A）The man will pick up Professor Johnson at her office.B）The man did not expect his paper to be graded so soon.C）Professor Johnson has given the man a very high grade.D）Professor Johnson will talk to each student in her office.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A）To buy a present for his friend who is getting married.B）To find out the cost for a complete set of cookware.C）To see what he could ask his friends to buy for him.D）To make inquiries about the price of an electric cooker.10. A）To teach him how to use the kitchenware.B）To discuss cooking experiences with him.C）To tell him how to prepare delicious dishes.D）To recommend suitable kitchenware to him.11. A）There are so many different sorts of knives.B）Cooking devices are such practical presents.C）A mixer can save so much time in making cakes.D）Saucepans and frying pans are a must in the kitchen.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A）Some new problems in her work. C）Her chance for promotion in the bank.B）Cooperation with an international bank. D）Her intention to leave her present job.13. A）The World Bank. C）A U.S. finance corporation.B）Bank of Washington. D）An investment bank in New York.14. A）Supervising financial transactions.B）Taking charge of public relations.C）Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D）Offering service to international companies in the United States.15. A）It is a first major step to realizing the woman’s dream.B）It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C）It is a loss for her current company.D）It is really beyond his expectation.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A）Carry out a thorough checkup. C）Keep extra gas in reserve.B）Try to keep the gas tank full. D）Fill up the water tank.17. A）Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B）Opening a window a bit to let in fresh air.C）Running the engine every now and then.D）Keeping the heater on for a long time.18. A）It exhausts you physically. C）It causes you to lose body heat.B）It makes you fall asleep easily. D）It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A）They are very generous in giving gifts.B）They refuse gifts when doing business.C）They regard gifts as a token of friendship.D）They give gifts only on special occasions.20. A）They enjoy giving gifts to other people.B）They spend a lot of time choosing gifts.C）They have to follow many specific rules.D）They pay attention to the quality of gifts.21. A）Gift-giving plays an important role in human relationships.B）We must be aware of cultural differences in giving gifts.C）We must learn how to give gifts before going abroad.D）Reading extensively makes one a better gift-giver.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A）It reflects American people’s view of French politics.B）It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C）It explains American politics to the French public.D）It is popular among French government officials.23. A）Work on her column. C）Entertain her guests.B）Do housework at home. D）Go shopping downtown.24. A）To report to her newspaper. C）To visit her parents.B）To refresh her French. D）To meet her friends.25. A）She might be recalled to France. C）She might close her Monday column.B）She might change her profession. D）She might be assigned to a new post.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered （26）__________ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been （27）__________. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the （28）__________ against him are formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or （29）__________. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and thejudge feels that he will return to court （30）__________ run away, he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail （保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will （31）__________ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present （32）__________ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to （33）__________.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is （34）__________ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the （35）__________ of the American government.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice ___36___ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in ___37___ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are ___38___ to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ___39___ between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more ___40___ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the ___41___ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are—coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable （宜居的）and ___42___ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on ___43___, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists ___44___ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random （无规律的）variation—some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years ___45___—but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.A）appealing I）meltedB）average J）persistC）contributing K）rangingD）dramatic L）recentlyE）frequently M）resolvedF）impact N）sensibleG）line O）shockH）maintainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?A） Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B） Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C） Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,”etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious”nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D） As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market （and the marketing）is inherently strange. E）For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.F）One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.G） But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, hand writing lingered on （继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H） Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally,TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I）Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J）Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows （”Jack Benny,”“Amos and Andy,”“The Shadow”）all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K） Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry （骑兵）replaced the chariot （二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”L）Sometimes new technology is a little cranky （不稳定的）at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough （and engines small enough）to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. （The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.）M）Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food （which is much easier to eat and digest）. Human control of fire goes back far enough （over a million years）that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N） Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile （触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.O） For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition（命题）, although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM （science, technology, engineering, maths）-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities （人文学科）and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative （创新的）leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical”way out of the problem: “Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft”often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A）STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B）The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C）The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D）Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A）Their interest in relevant subjects. C）The quality of education to receive.B）The academic value of the courses. D）Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so-called soft subjects?A）They benefit students in their future life.B）They broaden students’ range of interests.C）They improve students’ communication skills.D）They are essential to students’ healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A）Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B）Those who are good at solving practical problems.C）Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D）Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A）Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B）Try to take a variety of practical courses.C）Prepare themselves for different job options.D）Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence”and its rhetorical （修辞的）companion “energy security”are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle （涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy thingsfrom places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A）It sounds very attractive. C）It will bring oil prices down.B）It ensures national security. D）It has long been everyone’s dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A）They keep America’s economy running healthily.B）They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C）They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D）They cause serious damage to the environment.63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A）It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B）Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C）It wants to keep its own environment intact.D）Its own oil production falls short of demand.64. What does the author say about oil trade?A）It proves profitable to both sides.B）It improves economic efficiency.C）It makes for economic prosperity.D）It saves the cost of oil exploration.65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A）To justify America’s dependence on oil imports.B）To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis.C）To stress the importance of energy conservation.D）To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。
2006年12月大学英语四级试题及参考答案
centre.You may not use any of the words in bank more than once.society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done __47__ by ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing __48__ work__49__ that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may Although there is still a big wage __50__ between men and women, the income working women __51__ gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now __52__ about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers __53__ women car companies have realized that women are __54__ leading Japanese car dealers were the first to __55__ pay attention to women customers. male-oriented. Perhaps it was the __56__ contrast with Japanese society that prompted A) scale I) potentialB) retailed J) gapC) generate K) voluntaryD) extreme L) excessiveE) technically M) insultedF) affordable N) purchaseG) situation O) primarilyH) reallyThe field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health those who are specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters handicap (缺陷) may related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease orbe “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.62. Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.A) keeping people in a healthy physical conditionB) monitoring patients’ body functionsC) removing people’s bad living habitsD) ensuring people’s psychological well-being63. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.A) good health is more than not being illB) drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmfulC) regular health checks are essential to keeping fitD) prevention is more difficult than cure64. Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.A) does not have any unhealthy living habitsB) does not have any physical handicapsC) is able to handle his daily routinesD) is free from any kind of disease65. Accordin g to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.A) to best satisfy their body’s special needsB) to strive to maintain the best possible healthC) to meet the strictest standards of bodily healthD) to keep a proper balance between work and leisure66. According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?A) People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.B) People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease. species-typical behavior that sets humans completely __67__ from all other animals. Language is a means of communication, __68__ it is much more than that. Many animals can __69__. The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers __70__ anything, __71__ things like) that have never existed. The key __72__ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be __73__ together in different ways, according to __74__, to communicate different meanings.Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing __75__ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, __76__ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an immensely complex __77__ that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most __78__ of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to __79__. The speaker has to translate thoughts into __80__ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the __81__ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to __82__ out what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to __83__ the words spoken, understand the pattern of __84__ of the words (sentences), and finally __85__ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But __86__ started, it is of course a continuous process.70. A) toB) fromC) overD) on71. A) onlyB) almostC) evenD) just72. A) staysB) situatesC) hidesD) lies73. A) stuckB) strungC) rungD) consisted74. A) rulesB) scalesC) lawsD) standards75. A) combinesB) containsC) definesD) declares76. A) whatB) whetherC) whileD) if77. A) prospectB) progressC) processD) produce78. A) aspectsB) abstracts C) anglesD) assumptions79. A) anybodyB) anotherC) otherD) everybody80. A) bodyB) gestureC) writtenD) spoken81. A) growingB) fixingC) beginningD) building82. A) putB) takeC) drawD) figure83. A) identifyB) locateC) revealD) discover84. A) performanceB) organizationC) designD) layout85. A) prescribeB) justifyC) utterD) interpret86. A) sinceB) afterC) onceD) until 11. B12. C13. A14. C15. D 16. B17. D18. A19. D20. C 21. B22. A23. D24. B25. A 26. C27. B28. D29. C30. D 31. A32. B33. B34. D35. A 47. O48. K49. G50. J 51. C52. N53. M54. I55. H 56. D 57. C58. B59. D60. A 61. B62. C63. B64. D65. B 66. C 67. A68. B69. D70. A 71. C72. D73. B74. A75. C 76. B77. C78. A79. B80. D 81. C82. D83. A84. B85. D 86. C 2006年12月23日新四级听力原文Section B11. M: Christmas is around the corner. And I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Any suggestions? W: Well you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. Also, what’s your budget? Q: What does the woman want the man to do? 12. M: What would you like for dessert? I think I’ll have apple pie and ice cream. W: The chocolate cake looks great, but I have to watch my weight. You go ahead and get yours. Q: What would the woman most probably do? 13. W: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages. M: I wish I could. But Japanese and, of course English are the only languages I can speak. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 14. M: Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it’s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten. W: Then it seems that we’ll have to meet an hour later at the library.Q: What will the man do first after class? 15. M: It’s already 11 now. Do you mean I ought to wait until Mr. Bloom comes back from the class? W: Not really. You can just leave a note. I’ll give it to her later.Q: What does the woman mean? 16. M: How is John now? Is he feeling any better? W: Not yet. It still seems impossible to make him smile. Talking to him is really difficult and he gets upset easily over little things. Q: What do we learn about John from the conversation? 17. M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance? W: Certainly. Tickets at the door are usually sold at a higher price. Q: What does the woman imply? 18. M: The taxi driver must have been speeding. W: Well, not really. He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallen off the truck ahead of him. academically, then we aren’t doing our job”, Forlone said. For parents, he said, the message is simple, “getting kids to bed on time is as important as getting them to school on time”.26. What were teachers told to do in the experiment? 27. According to the experiment, what problem can insufficient sleep cause in students? 28. What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents? Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Patricia Pania never wanted to be a public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and home-maker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her 2-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 40 million people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem, and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use. 29. What was the significant change in Patricia Pania’s life?30. What had led to Pania’s personal tragedy?31. How did Pania feel when she began her first speech? 32. What could be expected as a result of Pania’s efforts?Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Many people catch a cold in the spring time or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists moon. Why can’t they find a cure for the common cold? The can send a man to the answer is easy. There’re actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockade in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot bath and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicines to relieve various symptoms of colds. There was one interesting thing to note. Some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer, because your body doesn’t develop a way to fight it and kill it. 33. According to the passage, why haven’t scientists found a cure for the common cold? 34. What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold? 35. What do some scientists say about taking medicines for the common cold, according to the passage? 。
2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题(一)答案与详解
2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）写作答案与详解Writing 写作
精彩点评
【1】开篇点题，通过学校的调查引入学生对在线课程的看法。
【2】承接第一句话，引出下文。
【3】【4】【5】用Among…comes first、Second和Furthermore 分条列举在线课程的优点。
【6】用Despite转折，指出在线课程具有一些缺点。
【7】【8】用On the one hand和On the other hand，分别指出了在线课程的不足之处。
【9】分别从老师和学生的角度提出建议。
在线课程
[1]最近，我们的大学正在进行一项关于学生对在线课程的看法的调查。
在我看来，[2]的在线课程既有优点也有缺点。
[3]在在线课程的所有优点中，灵活性是第一位的：学生可以随时随地学习。
[4]第二，通过在线课程，学生可以获得国内外知名教师提供的高质量课程。
[5]此外，学生还可以观看回放，反复学习难点知识。
[6]尽管有这些优势，但在线课程的缺点也不应被忽视。
[7]一方面，学生和教师之间很难实现高水平的互动。
[8]另一方面，在线课程需要自律和动力等品质，而大多数学生在没有老师监督的情况下难以保持专注。
[9]考虑到我们大学在线课程的整体情况，我认为，为了提高在线课程的有效性，教师应该提供更多的互动和协作的机会。
此外，学生应提高自学能力，充分利用网络课程。
【高考试卷】2006年全国卷1普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷及答案
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国I)第Ⅰ卷（共115分）第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the man pay for the tickets?A. ￡7.5.B. ￡15.C. ￡50.2. Which is the right gate for the man’s flight?A. Gate 16.B. Gate 22.C. Gate 25.3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?A. Happy.B. Tired.C. Worried.4. When can the woman get the computers?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.5. What does the woman think of the shirt for the party?A. The size is not large enough.B. The material is not good.C. The color is not suitable.第二节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听6段材料，回答6、7题。
6. What can we learn about Mr. Brown?A. He is in his office.B. He is at a meeting.C. He is out for a meal.7. What will the man probably do next?A. Call back.B. Come again.C. Leave a message.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2006年6月英语四级真题及答案
2006年6月四级试题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes）Section ADirections:In this section，you will hear 10 short conversations。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause。
During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A), B），C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1。
A）They enjoyed the party better than the other guests。
B）They knew none of the other guests at the party。
C）They didn’t think much of the food and drinks。
D）They went a long way to attend the party.2. A）To the dentist’s。
B）To the market。
C）To the post office。
D）To the bookstore。
3。
A) She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician。
2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题及答案Part 1 Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) See a doctorB) Stay in bed for a few days.C) Get treatment in a better hospital.D) Make a phone call to the doctor.2. A) The 2:00 train will arrive earlier.B) The 2:30 train has a dining car.C) The woman prefers to take the 2:30 train.D) they are gong to have some fast food on the train.3. A) She has been longing to attend Harvard University.B) She’ll consider the man’s suggestion carefully.C) She has finished her project with Dr. Garcia’s help.D) She’ll consult Dr. Garcia about entering graduate school.4. A) Alice didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech.B) Alice needs more training in making public speeches.C) The man can hardly understand Alice’s presentation.D) The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.5. A) It’s worse than 30 years ago.B) It remains almost the same as before.C) There are more extremes in the weather.D) There has been a significant rise in temperature.6. A) At a publishing house.B) At a bookstore.C) In a reading roomD) In Prof. Jordan’s office7. A) The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.B) Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.C) Her brother can find an apartment for the man.C) They tend to take responsibility for themselvesD) They are in the habit of obeying their parents.15. A) They grow up to be funny and charming.B) They often have a poor sense of direction.C) They get less attention from their parents.D) They tend to be smart and strong-willed.16. A) They usually don’t follow family rules.B) They don’t like to take chances in their lives.C) They are less likely to be successful in life.D) They t end to believe in their parent’s ideas.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) They wanted to follow his example.B) They fully supported his undertaking.C) They were puzzled by his decision.D) They were afr aid he wasn’t fully prepared.18. A) It is more exciting than space travel.B) It is much cheaper than space travel.C) It is much safer than space travel.D) It is less time-consuming than space travel.19. A) They both attract scientists’ attentionB) They can both be quite challengingC) They are both thought-provoking.D) They may both lead to surprising findings.20. A) To show how simple the mechanical aids for diving can be.B) To provide an excuse for his changeable character.C) To explore the philosophical issues of space travel.D) To explain why he took up underwater exploration.Part II Reading comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B, C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker, Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise.” Potato chips are a snack food for theworld,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip. Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America. owned by PepsiCo. And accounts for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. “Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumers-especially young people-see as part of a modern, innovative (创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know than Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and d evelopment head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo (标识).The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips. would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rater, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said St eve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.21. It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marketing that_____.A) Potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world marketB) Their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales.C) The light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chipsD) People all over the world enjoy eating their company’s potato chips22. What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?A) Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers.B) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.C) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.D) It needs to turn to the word market for development.23. One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy isthat_____.A) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brandsB) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brandsC) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profitsD) products identified as American will have promising market value24. Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.B) To promote the company's strategy of globalization.C) To change the company’s long-held marketing image.D) To compete with other American chip producers.25. Frito-Lay's executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market_____.A) won't affect the eating habits of the local peopleB) will lead to economic imperialismC) will be in the interest of the local peopleD) won’t spoil the taste of their chipsPassage TwoQuestion 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain School District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. ”We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. ”Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent (有偿付能力的). They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for them to solve this problem.The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing up a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll (工资单) to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts in its 38schools. At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educati ng cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the schools, and we see how they could be affected.”At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (论坛).“Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”26. What has happened to the Vrain School District?A) A huge financial problem has arisen.B) Many schools there are mismanaged.C) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.27. How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?A) They felt somewhat helpless about it.B) They accused those responsible for it.C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D) They demanded a through investigation.28. In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortageis_________.A) unavoidableB) unthinkableC) insolvableD) irreversible29. Why did Coffman request an investigation?A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bond issue.30. Three high school students started a website in order to__________.A) attract greater public attention to their needsB) appeal to the public for contributions and donationsC) expose officials who neglected their dutiesD) keep people properly informed of the crisisPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studiessuggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you..In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.Stress that you can manage may also boost immune (免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory (血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity (长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”31. The passage is mainly about______A) the benefits of manageable stressB) how to avoid stressful situationsC) how to cope with stress effectivelyD) the effects of stress hormones on memory32. The word “shun”(Line 1,Para.1) most probably means________.A) cut down onB) stay away fromC) run out ofD) put up with33. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_______A) people under stress tend to have a poor memoryB) people who can’t get their job done experience more stressC) doing challenging work may be good for one’s healthD) stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs34. In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because______.A) the video was not enjoyable at allB) the outcome was beyond their controlC) they knew little about surgical proceduresD) they felt no pressure while watching the video35. Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that______.A) a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his bodyB) stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brainC) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory functionD) a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective:” I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset” ; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never t o do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition (悔悟), children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.36. If a mother adds ”but” to an apology,________.A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized.B) she does not realize that the child has been hurtC) the child may find the apology easier to acceptD) the child may feel that he owes her an apology37. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probablymeans”_______”A) You have good reason to get upsetB) I’m aware you’re upset ,but I’m not to blameC) I apologize for hurting your feelingsD) I’m at fault for making you upset38. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because______.A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promisesB) it may make the other person feel guiltyC)it is vague and ineffectiveD) it is hurtful and insulting39. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry______.A) the complexities involved should be ignoredB) their ages should be taken into accountC) parents need to set them a good exampleD) parents should be patient and tolerant40. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _________.A) a social issue calling for immediate attentionB) not necessary among family membersC) a sign of social progressD) not as simple as it seemsPart III Vocabulary (20minutes)Directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. Some people believe that since oil is scarce, the ____of the motor industry is uncertain.A) terminal B) benefit C) fate D) estimate42. To speed up the ______of letters, the Post Office introduced automatic sorting.A) treatment B) delivery C) transmission D) departure43. These overseas students show great ______ for learning a new language.A) enthusiasm B) authority C) convention D) faith44. The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the ______of the murder committed last month.A) observers B) witnesses C) audiences D) viewers45. Politically these nations tend to be ______, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.A) unstable B) reluctant C) rational D) unsteady46. The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary ________too much work last week.A) take to B) take out C) take away D) take on47. "You try to get some sleep. I'll _____the patient's breakfast, "said the nurse.A) see to B) stick to C) get to D) lead to48. The London Marathon is a difficult race.______, thousands of runners participate every year.A) Therefore B) Furthermore C) Accordingly D) Nevertheless49. The bank refused to ______him any money, so he had to postpone buying a house.A) credit B) borrow C) loan D) lease50. The more a nation's companies _______ factories abroad, the smaller that country's recorded exports will be.A) lie B) spot C) stand D) locate51. Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as a (n)______for breaking the law.A) excuse B) intention C) option D) approval52. Within two days, the army fired more than two hundred rockets and missiles at military _____in the coastal city.A) goals B) aims C) targets D) destinations53. It is said in some parts of the world, goats, rather than cows, serve as a vital _____of milk.A) storage B) reserve C) resource D) source54. "This light is too______ for me to read by. Don’t we have a brighter bulb somewhere？" said the elderly man.A mild B) dim C) minute D) slight55. We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be _____and go another day.A) reliable B) probable C) feasible D) flexible56. We are quite sure that we can ______our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.A) get across B) get over C) get away D) get off57. ______recent developments we do not think your scheme is practical.A) In view of B) In case of C) In memory of D) in favor of58. Jessica was ______from the warehouse to the accounting office, which was considered a promotion.A) delivered B) exchanged C) transferred D) transformed59. Mr. Smith asked his secretary to ____a new paragraph in the annual report she was typing.A) inject B) install C) invade D) insert60. There's the living room still to be _____,so that's my next project.A) abandoned B) decorated C) dissolved D) assessed61. The old paper mill has been ______to make way for a new shopping centre.A) cut down B) kept down C) torn down D) held down62. It may be necessary to stop ______ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.A) at a distance B) at intervals C) at case D) at length63. You can hire a bicycle in many places. Usually you'll have to pay a _________.A) fare B) fund C) deposit D) deal64. My grandfather had always taken a _______interest in my work, and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time.A) splendid B) weighty C) vague D) keen65. ________quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.A) Excessive B) Extensive C) Extreme D) exclusive66. John cannot afford to go to university, _______ going abroad.A) nothing but B) anything but C) not to speak of D) nothing to speak of67. Most laboratory and field studies of human behavior ______taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place.A) involve B) compose C) enclose D) attach68. If you don’t like to swi m, you _____as well stay at home.A) should B) may C) can D) would69. Dr. Smith was always __ the poor and the sick, often providing them with free medical care.A) reminded of B) absorbed in C) tended by D) concerned about70. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on July 4,1826,the fiftieth ______of American Independence.A) ceremony B) occasion C) occurrence D) anniversaryPart ⅣCloze ( 15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 71 only once – for awoman who had merely fainted. But the 72 made me quite curious about how 73 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 74 with a real midair medical emergency-without access 75 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 76 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 77 a study about in–flight medical events. I read it 78 interest.The study estimated that there are a(n) 79 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 80 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 81 13% of them –roughly four a day – are serious enough to 82 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 83 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.Let’s face it: plane rides are 84 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 85 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 86 , but passengers with heart disease 87 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 88 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis – the so-called economy class syndrome (综合症). 89 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 90 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks71. A) called B) addressed C) informed D) surveyed72. A) accident B) condition C) incident D) disaster73. A) soon B) long C) many D) often74. A) confronted B) treated C) identified D) provided75. A) for B) to C) by D) through76. A) before B) since C) when D) while77. A) collected B) conducted C) discovered D) published78. A) by B) of C) with D) in79. A) amount B) average C) sum D) number80. A) significant B) heavy C) common D) serious81. A) For B) On C) But D) So82. A) require B) inspire C) engage D) command83. A) include B) confine C) imply D) contain84. A) enjoyable B) stimulating C) tedious D) stressful85. A) who B) what C) which D) that86. A) harshly B) reluctantly C) easily D) casually87. A) ought to B) may C) used to D) need88. A) Any B) One C) Other D) Another89. A) Whatever B) Whichever C) Whenever D) Wherever90. A) most B) worst C) least D) bestPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below :1．名校校园正成为旅游新热点2．校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同3．我认为……Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?2006年1月四级试题详解2006年1月参考答案1.A2.C3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A8.C9.B 10.D11.D 12.A 13.A 14. B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D听力原文Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1. W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her.Her left leg doesn’t hurt as much as it did yesterday.M: She’d better have it examined by a docto r anyway.And I will call her about it this evening.Q: What does the man think Carol should do?2. M: There is a non-stop train for Washington and it leaves at 2:30.W: It is faster than the 2 o’clock train. Besides, we can have something to eatbefore getting on the train.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3. M: Hi, Melissa, how is your project going?Have you thought about going to graduate school?W: Everything is coming along really well. I have been thinking about graduate school. But I’ll talk to my tutor Doctor Garseer first and see what she thinks.Q: What do you learn about the woman from the conversation?4. W: Did you attend Alice’s presentation last night?It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?5. W: You’ve been doing weather reports for neatly 30 years.Has the weather got any worse in all these years?M: Well, not necessarily worse. But we are seeing more swings.Q: What does the man say about the weather?6. M: Excuse me, I am looking for the textbook by Professor Jordon for the Marketing course.W: I am afraid it’s out of stock. You’ll have to order it.And it will take the publisher 3 weeks to send it to us.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?7. M: I am going to New York next week, but the hotel I booked is really expensive.W: Why book a hotel? My brother has 2 spare rooms in his apartment.Q: What does the woman mean?8. W: In my opinion, watching News on TV is a good way to learn English. What do you think?M: It would be better if you could check the same informationin English newspapers afterwards.Q: What does the man say about learning English?9. M: I hear a newly-invented drug can make people tell the truthand it may prove useful in questioning terrorists. Isn’t it incredible?W: Simple solutions to complex problems rarely succeed.As far ad I know, no such drugs are ever known to work.Q: What does the woman think of the new day?10. M: You know the electronics company is coming to our campusto recruit graduate students next week.W: Really? What day? I'd like to talk to them and hand in my resume.Q: What does the woman want to do?Section TwoPassage oneA new study reports the common drug aspirin greatly reduces life threatening problems after an operation to replace blocked blood vessels to the heart more than 800,000 people around the world have this heart surgery each year. The doctors who carried out this study say giving aspirin to patients soon after the operation could save thousands of lives. People usually take aspirin to control pain and reduce high body temperature. Doctors also advise some people to take aspirin to help prevent heart attacks. About 10-15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs. The new study shows that even a small amount of aspirin reduced such threats. The doctors said the chance of death for patients who tool aspirin would fall by 67%. They claimed this was true if the aspirin was given within 48 hours of the operation. The doctors believe aspirin helps heart surgery patients because it can prevent blood from thickening and blood vessels from being blocked. However, the doctors warned that people who have stomach bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should not take it after heart surgery.。
历年大学英语四级试卷
历年大学英语四级试卷大学英语四级考试（CET-4，即College English Test Band 4）是中国大陆高校对非英语专业学生进行的英语能力测试。
该考试通常每年举行两次，分别在6月和12月。
以下是对历年大学英语四级试卷的一些分析和回顾。
一、2019年6月大学英语四级试卷分析2019年6月的大学英语四级考试覆盖了广泛的主题和题型，包括听力理解、阅读理解、翻译和写作等。
听力部分涵盖了科技、教育、文化等多个领域，阅读理解则主要考察学生的词汇和语法能力。
翻译部分主要涉及中国文化和历史，而写作部分则要求学生就某一社会现象发表看法。
总体来说，这次考试的难度适中，但对学生的词汇和语法能力要求较高。
二、2018年12月大学英语四级试卷回顾2018年12月的大学英语四级试卷在题型和难度上与前几次考试基本一致。
听力部分包括了日常对话和新闻报道，阅读理解部分涵盖了社会、科技和历史等多个领域。
翻译部分要求学生将中文段落翻译成英文，涉及中国的传统文化和旅游等方面。
写作部分则要求学生就某一社会事件进行评论。
总体来说，这次考试难度适中，但对学生的词汇和语法能力要求较高。
三、2017年6月大学英语四级试卷点评2017年6月的大学英语四级试卷整体难度适中，涵盖了多个领域的知识点。
听力部分包括了日常生活对话和新闻报道，阅读理解部分涉及了社会、科技和文化等多个领域。
翻译部分要求学生将中文段落翻译成英文，涉及中国的传统文化和旅游等方面。
写作部分则要求学生就某一社会事件进行评论。
总体来说，这次考试对学生的词汇和语法能力要求较高。
四、总结从历年的大学英语四级试卷可以看出，该考试主要考察学生的英语听、说、读、写能力，以及对英语文化和社会背景的了解。
试卷也注重考察学生的词汇和语法能力，以及他们的思辨能力和表达能力。
因此，学生们在备考过程中应该注重提高这些方面的能力，以应对不同类型的题目。
历年大学英语四级真题试卷及参考答案一、引言大学英语四级考试是面向全国大学生的一项标准化考试，它不仅测试了考生的英语语言基础知识，还考察了他们的语言应用能力。
历年英语四级阅读理解真题及答案
2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题（一）In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of the m—in other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (盖弃）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol."Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 3S0-calorie (卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.56. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intakeA) How we perceive the food we eat. C) When we eat our meals.B) What ingredients the food contains. D) How fast we eat our meals.57. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lotin the previous mealA) You would probably be more picky about food.B) You would not feel like eating the same food.C) You would have a good appetite.D) You would not feel so hungry.58. What do we learn from the 2011 studyA) Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B) Food labels may influence our body’s response to food.C) Hunger levels depend on one's consumption of calories.D) People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.59. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetiteA) Trick ourselves into eating less. C) Concentrate on food while eating.B) Choose food with fewer calories. D) Pick dishes of the right size.60. What is the main idea of the passageA) Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.B) Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.C) Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.D) Good eating habits will contribute to our health.56. A 58. B 60. BAs a society we might want to rethink the time and money spent on education, so that these resources can benefit a greater percentage of the population. Ideally, both high schools and colleges can prepare individuals for the ever-changing roles that are likely to be expected of them.High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. We encourage students to go on to college whether they are prepared or not, or have a clear sense of purpose or interest, and now have the highest college dropout rate in the world.We might look to other countries for models of how high schools can offer better training, as well as the development of a work ethic (勤奋工作的美德）and the intellectual skills needed for continued learning and development. I recommend Harvard's 2011 "Pathways to Prosperity" report for more attention to the "forgotten half" (those who do not go on to college) and ideas about how to address this issue.Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever. In a knowledge economy where professional roles change rapidly and many college students are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for change and continued learning.Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college. We need to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills ihat will serve for a lifetime.Students also need to learn to work independently and to make responsible decisions. The lengthening path to adulthood appears exacerbated (惡化）by parental involvement in the college years. Given the rising investment in college education, parental concern is not surprising, but learning where and when to intervene (干预）will help students take more ownership of the outcomes of these increasingly costly educations.61. What kind of education does the author think is idealA) It benefits the great majority of the general population.B) It prepares students to meet the future needs of society.C) It encourages students to learn throughout their lives.D) It ensures that students' expectations are successfully fulfilled.62. What does the author say is the problem with present high school educationA) Ignoring the needs of those who don't go to college.B) Teaching skills to be used right after graduation only.C) Giving little attention to those having difficulty learning.D) Creating the highest dropout rate in the developed world.63. What characterizes a knowledge economy according to the passageA) People have to receive higher education to qualify for a professional position.B) Students majoring in liberal arts usually have difficulty securing a job.C) New positions are constantly created that require people to keep learning.D) Colleges find it hard to teach students how to cope with the changing economy.64. What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus onA) Solid background knowledge in a particular field.B) Practical skills urgently needed in current society.C) Basic skills needed for change and lifelong learning.D) Useful thinking skills for advanced academic research.65. What suggestion docs the author offer to parentsA) Rethinking the value of higher education.B) Investing wisely in their children's education.C) Helping their children lo bring their talent into full play.D) Avoiding too much intervention in t heir children’s education.答案详解61. B 62. D 63. C 64. C 65 DAccording to a report, around 30,000 pupils started secondary school last year with the math skills of a seven-year-old. MPs (国会议员) warned that many young people would need “expensive” reme dial lessons in later life to get a job —posing major problems for the economy. The findings came just months after Ofsted(教育标准办公室)claimed almost half of math lessons in English schools were not good enough. It said many teachers relied on textbooks and mundane exercises to make sure pupils passed exams at the expense of a proper understanding of the subject. MPs backed the conclusions, saying too many pupils found lessons “boring”. They insisted improvements had been made under Labor but achievement had “leveled off” in recent years.In 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Government’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡ billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improving pupil attainment; otherwisewe seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The target demands that percent of pupils will make the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teachers will not benefit some primary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister, said, “We have already accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher and have pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government is not getting value for the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countries that have much higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraphA) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected sta ndard.B) The target set for 2006 was 87 percent.C) ￡ billion was spent on math teaching.D) The total budget for primary teaching and support staff was ￡5 billion in 2006.59. What will people probably do to improve math education in EnglandA) Spend money on training specialist math teachers.B) Hire a math specialist for every primary school.C) Allow pupils to have more mathematical “play”.D) Spend more time on math education.60. What do Nick Gibb’s words meanA) The British government should put more money into math education.B) Britain is falling behind in the international knowledge competition.C) The British government should learn from other countries’ failures.D) The British government should change their teaching methods every few years.61. What’s the passage mainly talking aboutA) There aren’t enough math teachers in British primary schools.B) The British government didn’t spend enough money on math education.C) British pupils are not good at math.D) Math lessons in British primary schools need to be improved.Conservationists call them hot spots — habitats that cover just percent of the earth’s land surface but are so rich in biological diversity that preserving them could keep an astonishing number of plant and animal species off the endangered list.Since 1988, when Dr. Norman Myers and his colleagues began describing these hot spots in a series of scientific papers and arguingfor their protection, they have become a focus of worldwide conservation efforts. Private organizations and government agencies, including the World Bank, have made preserving 25 such ecological arks a top priority for financing and protective legislation. But a growing chorus of scientists is warning that directing conservation funds to hot spots may be a recipe for major losses in the future. Of species that live on land, nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal gro ups that live in less biologically rich regions (“cold spots”). And the hot-spot concept does not factor in the importance of some ecosystems to human beings, the scientists argue.This debate has been simmering quietly among biologists for years; however, it is coming to a boil now with the publication of an article in the current issue of American Scientist arguing that “calls to direct conservation funding to the world’s biodiversity hot spots may be bad investment advice.” “The hot-spot concept has grown so popular in recent years within the larger conservation community that it now risks eclipsing all other approaches,” write the authors of the paper. “The officers and directors of all too many foundations, non-governmental organizations and international agencies have been seduced by the simplicity of the hot spot idea,” they go on. “We worry that the initially appealing idea of getting the most species per unit area is, in fact, a thoroughly misleading strategy.”But hot spots have their ardent defenders, notably Dr. Norman Myers and Dr. Russell Mittermeier. Dr. Myers says hot spots have been successful at attracting attention and financing for conservation in tropical countries. “And that has been good,” he said. “No one is suggesting that one invest solely in hot spots, but if you want to avoid extinctions, you have to invest in them.”62. The best title for this passage would be ________.A) A Debate on Preserving Hot Spots B) An Introduction to Hot SpotsC) Hot Spots vs. Cold Spots D) How to Finance Hot Spots63. Hot spots occupy a small percentage of the earth’s landsurface with _____________.A) a third of all plantsB) many major animal groups living in cold spotsC) rich biological diversityD) many rare species living in cold spots64. Critics of hot spots hold the opinion that ________.A) hot spots are always as important as cold spotsB) it is unwise to invest largely in hot spotsC) governments should choose the best time to invest in hot spotsD) the hot-spot approach is a misleading strategy from the very beginning65. According to Dr. Norman Myers, _________.A) protecting and investing in hot spots can save species from extinctionB) conservation efforts should not center on hot spotsC) governments should invest most in cold spotsD) the hot-spot approach now is not as good as it was in the past66. What is the writer’s attitude towards the hot-spot approachA) Critical. B) Neutral. C) Supportive. D) Doubtful.2012年6月英语四级Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won't necessarily represent. an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932. when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities, A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job "with tireless search for work."He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.Today's economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.57．In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.A)tear many troubled families apartB)contribute to enduring family tiesC)bring about a drop in the divorce rateD)cause a lot of conflicts in the familythe Great Depression many unhappy couples close to stick together becauseA)starting a new family would be hardB)they expected things would turn betterC)they wanted to better protect their kidsD)living separately would be too costlyaddition to job losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce？A)Mounting family debtsB)A sense of insecurityC)Difficulty in getting a loanD)Falling housing priceswill the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples？A)It will force them to pull their efforts togetherB)It will undermine their mutual understandingC)It will help strengthen their emotional bondsD)It will irreparably damage their relationshipcan be inferred from the last paragraph？A)The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rateB)Few couples can stand the test of economic hardshipsC)A stable family is the best protection against poverty.D)Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage57. B. 58. C. 59. D. 60. C. 61. D.People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they're paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users don't realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they're paying for Face book because people don't really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules Early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you could create own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends' names-were set, by default (默认)to be shared with every one on the Internet.According to Facebook's vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don't share information They have a "less satisfying experience".Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting then At the side of the pages totally Who wants to took at ads when they're online connecting with their friends？The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites."I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them," Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it's only the beginning. Which is why I'm considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I'm upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don't That's too high a price to pay.do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph？A)It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.B)It makes money by putting on advertisements.C)It profits by selling its users' personal data.D)It provides loads of information to its users.does the author say about most Facebook users？A)They are reluctant to give up their personal information.B)They don't know their personal data enriches Facebook.C)They don't identify themselves when using the website.D)They care very little about their personal information.does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage？A)To render better service to its users.B)To conform to the Federal guidelines.C)To improve its users' connectivity.D)To expand its scope of business.does Senator Charles Schumer advocate？A)Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B)Banning the sharing of users' personal information.C)Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.D)Removing ads from all social-networking sites.does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account？A)He is dissatisfied with its current service.B)He finds many of its users untrustworthy.C)He doesn't want his personal data abused.D)He is upset by its frequent rule changes.62. D) 63. C) 64. C) 65. B) 66. C)2011年12月全国大学英语四级考试试题Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype. a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".The findings of the study so against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being faded by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modem genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes, "James wrote.Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, " the study reported.57. The author believes that a single-sex school would ____ .A) force boys to hide their emotions to be "real men"B) help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boysC) encourage boys to express their emotions more freelyD) naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____ .A) Perform relatively better C) behave more responsiblyB) grow up more healthily D) receive a better education59. What does Tony Little say about the British education systemA) It fails more boys than girls academically.B) It focuses more on mixed school education.C) It fails to give boys the attention they need.D) It places more pressure on boys than on girls.60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______.A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boysB) boys can focus on their lessons without being distractedC) boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested inD) teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' reportA) They enjoy being in charge. C) They have sharper vision.B) They conform to stereotypes. D) They are violent and sexist.57—61 CACACIt's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off and we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year - we just won't go.Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday A YouGov poll of 2, 000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession - financialpressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal ( 言语上的) aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved and made men, more than women, extremely angry.Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it's for." he explains. "They'll say it's to save to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them." He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something."The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what's going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you're doing, who's paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."62. What does the author say about vacationingA) People enjoy it all the more during a recession.B) Few people can afford it without working hard.C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile.D) It is the chief cause of family disputes.63. What does the author mean by saying "money is known ... to bringa relationship to its knees"(Line 1, Para. 2)A) Money is considered to be the root of all evils.B) Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.C) Few people can resist the temptation of money.D) Disputes over money may rain a relationship.64. The YouGov poll of 2, 000 people indicates that in a recession ______ .A) conflicts between couples tend to riseB) it is more expensive for couples to split upC) couples show more concern for each otherD) divorce and separation rates increase65. What does Kim Stephenson believeA) Money is often a symbol of a person's status.B) Money means a great deal to both and women.C) Men and women spend money on different things.D) Men and women view money in different ways.66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should ______ .A) put their money together instead of keeping it separatelyB) make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgetsC) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationshipD) avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic62—66 CDADC。
1994年1月大学英语四级CET4真题及答案_大学英语四级CET4历年真题
part i listening comprehension (20 minutes) section a1. (a) once a week. (c) three times a week.(b) twice a week. (d) four times a week.2. (a) he left his notes at home.(a) he doesn't know where his notes are.(b) he doesn't want to lend his notes to the woman.(c) he agrees to lend her his notes.3. (a) he will go in spite of the cold weather. (c) he will go when he feels better.(b) he won't go since he is not feeling well. (d) he won't go as he hasn't finished his work.4. (a) check the timetable. (c) travel on a later train.(b) go to the railway station earlier. (d) cancel the trip earlier.5. (a) in new york. (c) in newport.(b) in boston. (d) in washington.6. (a) a clerk at the airport information desk. (c) a policeman.(b) a clerk at the railway station information desk. (d) a taxi-driver.7. (a) a guest and a receptionist. (c) a customer and a shop assistant.(b) a passenger and an air hostess. (d) a guest and a waitress.8. (a) he's better. (c) he's sick in bed.(b) he's feeling worse. (d) he has recovered.9. (a) the man didn't want the woman to have her hair cut.(b) the woman followed the man's advice.(c) the woman is wearing long hair now.(d) the man didn't care if the woman had her hair cut or not.10. (a) he will return from paris in two weeks.(a) he is studying french in paris.(b) he is having a vacation in paris.(c) he is planning to go back to paris in a year.section bpassage onequestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. (a) washing plates. (c) shining shoes.(b) clearing tables. (d) sweeping the floor.12. (a) he must work six days a week. (c) he must study hard in his spare time.(b) he should never be late for work. (d) he should not bring his friends to the restaurant.13. (a) to pay him for his work. (c) to give his friends free drinks.(b) to let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant. (d) to allow him to have more free time.12. (a) because the boy was not a full-time worker.(b) because the boy had made some mistakes.(c) because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.(d) because he thought it was his son who should pay him.passage twoquestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. (a) watching traditional plays. (c) boating on the river.(b) visiting the magnificent libraries. (d) cycling in narrow streets.16. (a) there are many visitors there. (c) there are many old streets there.(b) there are many students there. (d) there are many bicyclesthere.17. (a) he thinks the city is too crowded. (c) he thinks the streets are too narrow.(b) he likes the place very much. (d) he admires the comfortable life of the students there.passage threequestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. (a) he was good at writing about interesting people.(b) it was much easier to write stories about people.(c) he believed that people are always easier to learn about other people.(d) he thought people played an important role in world events.19. (a) action. (c) enterprise.(b) world news. (d) faces and places.20. (a) he is a sportsman. (c) he is a photographer.(b) he is an actor. (d) he is a publisher.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.suppose we built a robot (机器人) to explore the planet mars. we provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. it is powered entirely by the sun. should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? no. the robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. so we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.according to the evolutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping andwaking for the same reason. the theory does not deny (否认) that sleep provides some important restorative functions. it merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. however, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. so we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.[page]the evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. but cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.21. the author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ______.(a) the differences between robots and men (c) about the need for robots to save power(b) the reason why men need to sleep (d) about the danger of men working at night22. evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.(a) maintain a regular pattern of life (c) avoid danger and inefficient labor(b) prevent trouble that comes looking for him (d) restore his bodily functions23.according to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.(a) are worrying about our safety (c) are in a tent(b) are overworked (d) are away from home24.cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.(a) need more time for restoration(b) are unlikely to be attackers(c) are more active than horses when they are awake(d) spend less time eating to get enough energy25.which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ______.(a) evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.(b) the study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.(c) sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.(d) the sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.passage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage." congratulations, mr. jones, it's a girl."fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. although there are some men who like children and may have had considerableexperience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. for other couples, pregnancy (怀孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process. although numerous books have been written about american mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.it is argued by some writers that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother's role. the mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine (生活规律) and highly innovative (创新的) adaptation, on the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. however, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.26. according to the author, being a father _____.(a) brings a feeling of excitement to some men(b) has a different meaning for those who have daughters(c) makes some men feel proud and others uneasy(d) means nothing but more responsibilities27. it is stated in the passage that _____.(a) some parents are not prepared to have a child(b) young couples do not like children at all(c) working couples do not have much time to take care of their children [page](d) many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child28. in the second paragraph, the author ______.(a) criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities in bringing up their children(b) excuses the american writers for ignoring the difficulties of being a father(c) supports the idea that the chief role of a father is to earn money for the family(d) complains about the lack of social programs to help husbands adjust themselves to being a father29. the transition to the mother's role requires that the wife ______.(a) change her life style in a highly innovative way(b) make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situation(c) stay at home to take care of the baby(d) help her husband in his resocialization process30. some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers, _____.(a) have to shoulder more burdens (c) have an easier job to do(b) have to make more difficult adaptations (d) can usually do a better jobpassage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. the reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. in the light of these he puts further questions, and so on.for most of the time this "conversation" goes on below the level of consciousness. at times, however, we become aware of it. this is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. when successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.different people converse with the text differently. some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. the former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. the latter represents higher levels of comprehension. the balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.there is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. we call this a "process" conversation as opposed to a "content" conversation. it is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. if we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. not so our ability to hold a content conversation. it is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.31. reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when _____.(a) the reader's expectations agree with what is said in the text(b) the reader has trouble understanding what the author says(c) the reader asks questions and gets answers(d) the reader understands a text very well32. at a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to _____.(a) read a text slowly (c) interpret a text in their own way(b) read without thinking hard (d) concentrate on the meaning of words only33. a "process" conversation has to do with ______.(a) the application of reading strategies(b) matching our expectations with the meaning of a text(c) the development of our ability to check the details(d) determining the main idea of a text34. according to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between ______.(a) conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension(b) the reader's expectations and the meaning of a text(c) lower and higher levels of comprehension(d) interpreting and criticizing a text35. if we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should ______.(a) learn to use different approaches in reading different texts(b) make our reading process more conscious(c) pay more attention to the content of a text [page](d) take a critical attitude towards the author's ideapassage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.although april did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the central valley doesn't generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it's still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.the reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. for example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it's actually the other way around. but then, if we believed only what we think we see, we'd still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two cloud or between earth and a cloud. but, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there's enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. when children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.36. according to the author, in the area of the central valley, ______.(a) rains usually come without thunder and lightning(b) it is usually dry in april(c) children pay no attention to natural phenomena(d) parents are not interested in thunder and lightning37. we believe that lightning is a downward notion because ______.(a) we were taught so by our parents from our childhood(b) we are deceived by our sense of vision(c) it is a common natural phenomenon(d) it is a truth proved by science38. what is true about lightning according to the passage?(a) only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.(b) lightning travels 5 minutes faster than thunder.(c) lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another.(d) there are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we imagine.39. the word "activity" (para. 3, line 3) is most closely related to the word(s) _____.(a) "cloud" (c) "lightning flashes"(b) "lightning strikes" (d) "thunderstorms"40. it can be concluded from the passage that ______.(a) we should not believe what we see or hear(b) things moving downward are more noticeable(c) people often have wrong concepts about ordinary phenomena(d) adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena。
历年英语四级真题及答案(完整版)2006年1月2011年12月.doc
2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版（P1-10）Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.”By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。