上海市上海中学-学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题-Word版含标准答案.doc

上海市上海中学-学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题-Word版含答案.doc————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：上海中学2015学年第二学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷英语试题高一_____ 班学号_________ 姓名________ 成绩________I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hotel. B. In a library. C. In a restaurant. D. At the airport.2. A. The man needn’t worry about the exam.B. The man won’t pass the exam tomorrow.C. The man is too late for the exam.D. It’s no use worrying about the exam.3. A. He is now on a diet. B. He used to lose much weight.C. He has a hard time on the soccer team.D. He has played soccer very often recently.4. A. $60 B. $42 C. $9 D. $185. A. The man is not telling the truth.B. The man actually doesn’t want to exercise.C. The man can find the time if he’s determined.D. The man never exercises in the morning.6. A. He would like to go out of town, too.B. He will take her shift if her boss agrees.C. He is afraid that her boss won’t agree.D. He wants to know the boss’ shift.7. A. Classmates. B. Relatives. C. Colleagues. D. Strangers.8. A. Decorating the room. B. Pleasure in helping others.C. Preparing for a surprise party.D. Asking Mike for help.9. A. Empty her hands. B. Help the man.C. Carry all the boxes.D. Get past the man.10. A. She should move alone.B. She should ask others instead of him.C. She should ask for more help from others.D. She should make sure she is free that day.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because her husband was promoted.B. Because she was a housewife.C. Because there might be potential buyers seeing the house.D. Because the real estate agent would come any time.12. A. Over a month. B. Over three weeks.C. About two days.D. Only one day.13. A. Because she couldn’t sell the house. B. Because the house was untidy.C. Because she didn’t comb her hair.D. Because they were satisfied with the house. Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Two factors in intelligence. B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of environment.D. How to develop a higher IQ.15. A. Because the researchers did an experiment on human intelligence.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because only one was able to enter college.D. Because their parents died when they were only babies.16. A. John got better education than his identical brother, Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one’s inte lligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversationComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Why doesn’t Mr. Lewis want to go back to the Tooth-cream Limited Company? Because he doesn’t see much ___S1___ for him to develop there.What does he need now? He needs as much ___S2___ as possible.What has he applied to be? A ___S3___.What’s his understanding of this post? A person must be understandable,pleasant, ___S4___ and polite to do thisjob well.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Why does Peter want to move? Because he is ___S5___ the noisy guy next to hisdoor.How is his room? It's ___S6___, but a little smaller.How much will he pay for one month? ___S7___.How does he go to work? By ___S8___.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.17.Some of the passengers appear ______ in the accident.A. to be injuredB. having been injuredC. to have been injuredD. being injured18.He insisted on ______ Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.A. his being calledB. him to be calledC. his callingD. him to call19.When hearing that the first prize was awarded to him, Terry stood up, ______.A. surprisedB. to be surprisedC. surprisingD. having surprised20.Teachers appreciate ______ that parents are interested in their children’s progress.A. to knowB. to be knownC. knowingD. having known21.The idea for the new machine came to Mr. Baber while ______ to his invention.A. devoting himselfB. he was devotedC. devotedD. being devoted22.I would love ______ to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. goingB. having goneC. to goD. to have gone23.One of the earliest magicians ______ on stage was a Frenchman, known as the Father ofModern Magic.A.to performB. to be performingC. to be performedD. performed24.Fire insurance is meant to protect people and businesses from possible losses ______ fromunexpected fire.A. resultedB. to be resultedC. having resultedD. resulting25.The X is a diagram of two paths. This is why we call people exes, because the paths thatcross in the middle end up ______ at the end.A. separatedB. to separateC. to be separatedD. separating26.______ with other countries can bring us much more development of economy.A. Having contactedB. ContactC. ContactingD. Being contacted27.He has no special fault except ______ he smokes too much.A. forB. whenC. thatD. what28.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how29.The research program had been supported for 20 years by a private organization ______ thegovernment funded it.A. unlessB. afterC. beforeD. once30.______ no wonder that the world’s fastest growing energy industries are now renewable likewind and solar power.A. There isB. It isC. That isD. This is31.Teachers should create an environment ______ children are taught how to solve problem oflearning by themselves.A. whereB. whyC. whichD. whose32.-Must I do some reading in English every day to improve comprehension?-Well, you can never read ______ much while learning a foreign language.A. soB. tooC. thatD. very33.He could just ______ a dark shape moving towards him.A. make outB. make forC. make upD. make up for34.If it’s convenient for you, I’d like to ______ your house tonight.A. call forB. call onC. call atD. call in35.The scientist was so ______ with his historical research that he neglected sleep and meals.A. filledB. confusedC. entertainedD. occupied36.Fresh milk is ______ to the people in this country everywhere.A. accessibleB. approachableC. possibleD. availableSection BDirection: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. driveB. challengesC. generallyD. expectationsE. demandF. managedG. interestinglyH. displayI. performancesJ. struggledK. offerChina and India may be Asia’s largest economies, but they aren’t the only countries with growth potential on the continent. Southeast Asian countries can also ___41___ great investment opportunities. Thailand, known as the “land of smiles” because of the expression its natural beautyand friendly people inspire, is a country where we believe the economic prospects could give investors reasons to smile too.Unlike other Southeast Asian nations, Thailand (known as Siam until 1939) ___42___ to escape Europea n colonial rule. That doesn’t mean Thailand has escaped Western influence, or internal conflict. Protests and periods of military rule have caused social and economic disturbance throughout its history, and political leaders today have ___43___ to negotiate with opposing forces and reform the constitution.Thailand has endured other ___44___, too, such as the financial crisis in the late 1990s, a tsunami which struck in 2004 and disastrous floods in 2011. All of these events caused serious economic setbacks, but Thailand has been skillful at battling back from hardship.An example of this fighting spirit was on full ___45___ when Thailand’s GDP growth sank in 2011 to a mere 0.1% in the wake of flooding there, but then quickly recovered. While forecasts diffe r slightly, recently, Thailand’s central bank raised its ___46___ for 2012 GDP growth to 5.9%, with growth forecast at 4.9% for 2013. Policymakers said stronger-than-expected expansion of private investment helped ___47___ improved growth prospects.Domest ic economic strength helped Thailand’s stock market post one of the best ___48___ in Asia (and even the world) in 2012, with the benchmark Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) Index returning more than 35%. Industry data showed loan growth supported banking stocks in particular. ___49___, over the past two years, some European banks—dealing with a debt crisis at home—withdrew from some emerging markets; this seems to have benefited local lenders in Thailand. The Thai construction industry was another well-performing sector story, as suggestions that an increase in Thai infrastructure（基础设施）projects could further increase ___50___ for building materials.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude, and in a business context, it may also be regarded as a deliberate intention to make “the other” feel at a disadvantage. So unless you have inmind doing one of those things, it’s better to ___51___ too much eye contact.Too little, ___52___, can make you appear uneasy, unprepared, and insincere. In its analysis of patients’ ___53___, for example, on e large county hospital found, that 9-out-of-10 letters included mention of poor doctor-patient eye contact, a failure which was generally interpreted as “___54___ of caring.”“Just the right” amount of eye contact –the amount that produces a feeling of mutual ___55___ and trustworthiness – will vary with situations, settings, personality types, gender and cultural differences. As a general rule, though, direct eye contact ranging from 30% to 60% of the time during a conversation – more when you are listening, less when you are ___56___ – should make for a comfortable productive atmosphere.And did you know these other facts about eye contact?• We reduce eye contact when we are talking about something shameful or ___57___, when we are sad or depressed, and when we are accessing internal thoughts or emotions.• We increase eye contact when dealing with people we like, ___58___, or who have power over us. In more intense or private conversations we naturally look at each other more often and hold that gaze for ___59___ periods of time. In fact, we ___60___ relationships by the amount of eye contact exchanged: the greater the eye contact, the closer the relationship.• We avoid eye contact in elevators, subways, crowded buses or trains – in elevators we face the door, in the others we stare at our Smartphones – because it helps us ___61___ the insecurity of having our personal space invaded.• The biggest body language myth（错误观念）about liars is that they avoid eye contact. While some liars (most often, children) find it difficult to lie while looking ___62___ at you, many liars actually try to “prove” that they are not lying by making too much eye contact and holding it too long.Eye contact is so powerful a force because it is connected with humans’ earlies t ___63___ patterns. Children who could attract and maintain eye contact, and therefore increase ___64___, had the best chance of being fed and cared for. Today, newborns instinctively lock eyes with their caregivers, and the power of that infantile eye contact still has its impact on the adult mind. Whether it’s shifty-eyed guilt or wide-eyed innocence, we ___65___ assign enormous trust to the signals we give and get when we look into each other in the eyes.51. A. create B. avoid C. block D. occupy52. A. in the mean time B. in an instant C. on the other hand D. without doubt53. A. complaints B. instructions C. questions D. expectations54. A. intention B. shift C. lack D. complication55. A. efficiency B. awareness C. reaction D. appreciation56. A. speaking B. writing C. reading D. learning57. A. mysterious B. embarrassing C. offensive D. dishonest58. A. admire B. imitate C. imagine D. attract59. A. later B. briefer C. longer D. fuller60. A. create B. improve C. treat D. judge61. A. protect B. convey C. master D. manage62. A. simply B. constantly C. directly D. attentively63. A. behavior B. survival C. working D. eating64. A. attention B. safety C. importance D. exposure65. A. similarly B. automatically C. fiercely D. fairlySection BDirection: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them in passage A, B and C, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)English is a fun language, and even though it’s considered an accessible and relatively easy one to learn, with 750,000 words and spelling that can throw off even the most skilled learner, learning English fast can seem impossible. Take the following tips on how to learn English faster as your starting point and you’ll master this wonderful language in no time!TIP 1. ______Classic literature, paperbacks, newspapers, websites, emails, your soc ial media feed: if it’s in English, read it. Why? Well, this content will be full of juicy new vocabulary, as well as a fair amount you already know. This helps you improve quickly, as repeated exposure to learned vocabulary gives you new examples in context, therefore reinforcing those words in your mind.On the other hand, learning new words and expressions is essential to building your vocabulary, particularly in a language like English with so many words!TIP 2. ACTIVELY TAKE NOTE OF NEW VOCABULARYThis tip is a classic one for good reason: it works! When learning, we often enjoy a new word or phrase so much that forgetting it seems impossible. But trust us, not everything sticks the first time. To fight this, get into the habit of carrying around a notebook. Whenever you hear or read a new word or expression, write it down in context: that is, in a sentence and with its meaning noted. This saves you time as you won’t return to that word and ask yourself: “What did that word/expression mean again?”TIP 3. TALK WITH REAL LIVE HUMANSWhat is a language for if not to communicate? It’s true that speaking a language helps it stick in your head far better than only reading or writing it. Just think of how many times you’ve heard people say that they “understand, but can’t speak English.” A lot of would-be English speakers have turned talking into a huge obstacle that only serves to psyche them out. Don’t be like that. Seek out native speakers for an informal language exchange, enroll in a course, or take classes online.TIP 4. SUBSCRIBE TO PODCASTS (IN ENGLISH)Like humor? Politics? Blogging? Cooking? With topics covering every interest imaginable, there are English-speaking podcasts out there for you. Subscribe to a few and listen or watch while going to school or work. At first, you might find the native accents difficult, but stick with it and you’ll soon start to understand what you hear (as well as learning lots of new vocabulary from a native speaker!)66.Which of the following is the best heading for TIP 1?A. START WITH READING WHAT YOU REALL Y NEEDB. USE CONTEXTUAL CLUES TO BUILD YOUR VOCABULARYC. READ ALL THE PRINTED MA TERIALS YOU CAN BUYD. READ EVERYTHING YOU CAN GET YOUR HANDS ON67.The phrase “psyche them out” is closest in meaning to “______”.A. make them discouragedB. cause them troubleC. relieve their stressD. affect their fluency68.Which strategy of learning new words and expressions is NOT mentioned?A. Reading English materials.B. Noting them down in context.C. Talking with native speakers. C. Listening to English podcasts.69.According to the passage, listening to English-speaking Podcasts ______.A. enables you to like humor, politics, blogging and cooking.B. is allowed at school or at work and they can be customizedC. gets you to be gradually familiar with the native accentsD. helps you to overcome the difficulty of learning new words(B)70.This page is intended for those who ______.A. want to visit New England AquariumB. are interested in marine creaturesC. would like to take the MBTA Blue LineD. want to protect our blue planet71.If a visitor would like to enter the New England Aquarium at 5:30 p.m., he can visit it on______.A. MondayB. SundayC. Thanksgiving DayD. Christmas Day72.If a visitor would like to get discounts at the Gift Shop, he can ______.A. choose the entry time onlineB. buy combination ticketsC. join the membershipD. call 617-973-520673.Which statement is NOT true?A. One can choose the entry time in advance at the Box Office.B. Group visits need to be reserved over the phone.C. Unlimited free admission for a year only applies to members.D. The Aquarium is state-owned and supported by admission fees.(C)Spelling bees have always been cute. But they’re about to get cuter, because now they will actually be about something. The National Spelling Bee has announced that hereafter, contestants will have to know the definitions of words as well as how to write them out. The latter is cruel mechanics, which only became a thing to master and compete in becaus e of English’s awkward and random spelling system. In countries where writing actually corresponds regularly with how words are pronounced, there is no such thing as a spelling bee.Yet in those countries, there is often more of a love for the language itself, even among less educated people. And loving your language means a command of its vocabulary beyond the level of the everyday. This appreciation shows up in things they say that would not “translate” into American. A Russian friend of mine once said sh e fell in love with her husband because of “his Russian.” Note how hard it is to imagine an American woman saying what hooked her on her husband was “his English.” “The way he talked,” maybe, but not something as specific as his command of the language in an artistic sense.I recently attended a conference where Castilians（西班牙王室）gave the opening addresses, in a distinctly formal layer of Spanish. In English this would have sounded extremely boring even at a university. You can buy volumes of high literature and poetry at an ordinary train station in Spain. At Long Island railroad stops in America, not.Yet even in America, there was once a richer love of English for its own sake. H.L. Mencken knocked Warren Harding for “the worst English that I have ever encountered.” Today we have knocked George W. Bush for “the way he talks” but not something as formal as “his English.”Today we live in a society where in 2001, then President of the University of California Richard Atkinson got good press with his announc ed horror that high school students “spend hours each month —directly and indirectly —preparing for the SAT, studying long lists of verbal analogies（类比）such as ‘untruthful is to mendaciousness’ as ‘circumspect is to caution’.” In the old days, that was called, well, school.Currently, America’s love for language focuses on the informal. Rap and spoken word have reawakened the country to poetry in itself. Texting and Twitter encourage creative uses of casual language, in ways I have celebrated widely. But we’ve fallen behind on enjoying the formal layer of our language. Critics such as Stefan Fatsis have argued that adding a comprehension component to the spelling bee is, ironically, “small-minded.” It isn’t. It’s getting back in touch with loving our native language, something ordinary in most cultures on earth—but so long unknown to us that the Fatsises and Atkinsons among us can barely imagine it.74.Writing out a word in a spelling bee is difficult because ______.A. it is a thing to master and compete inB. people do not feel it cute any moreC. there is no spelling bee in other countriesD. English spelling system is random75.We can safely conclude from paragraph 2 and 3 that ______.A. less educated people in other countries like the language itselfB. Ame rican people don’t appreciate English in its formal formC. an American woman will be easily attracted to a man’s way of talkingD. a formal layer of English can only be found at an American university76.It is implied in Paragraph 5 that ______A. the public felt the same horror as Richard Atkinson didB. SAT didn’t need so much attention from the studentsC. high school students should go to school to prepare SATD. verbal analogies should have been taught in the old days77.According to the author, Americans need spelling bees and vocabulary tests because ______A. they need to avoid being small-mindedB. Rap and spoken words are not artistic enoughC. Fatsises and Atkinsons can barely imagine itD. they need to focus more on formal EnglishIV. Grammar: Fill in the blanksDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.The Sydney Harbour Bridge is one of Australia's most well-known and ___1___ (photograph) landmarks. It is the world's largest (but not the longest) steel arch bridge with the top of the bridge ___2___ (stand) 134 metres above the harbour. It is fondly known by the locals as the 'Coathanger' because of its arch-based design.The Sydney Harbour Bridge construction started in 1924 and took 1,400 men eight years ___3___ (build) at a cost of 4.2 million. Six million hand driven rivets（铆钉）and 53,000 tonnes of steel ___4___ (use) in its construction. It now carries eight traffic lanes and two rail lines, one ___5___ each direction, but at the time of its construction the two eastern lanes were tram tracks. They were converted to road traffic when Sydney closed down its tram system in the 1950s.BridgeClimb started in 1998 and attracts tourists and locals alike to climb the monument. After ___6___ (climb) through catwalks and up ladders and stairs, people will find the view absolutely breathtaking. There are day, twilight and night climbs and a group of twelve will leave for a climb every ten minutes. The safety precautions（预防措施）taken include a blood alcohol reading and a Climb Simulator（模拟器）, ___7___ shows climbers the climbing conditions that might be experienced on the Bridge.By all reports, BridgeClimb is fantastic and one of the 'must dos' while on a trip to Sydney, with royals and celebrities such as Prince Frederik and Princess Mary of Denmark, Matt Damon, Hugo Weaving, Sarah Ferguson, Cathy Freeman, Kylie Minogue and KostyaTszyu all ___8___ (do)the Climb.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.请牢记：好习惯能对我们的日常生活产生积极影响，但培养起来却不简单。

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上海高一高中英语期中考试带答案解析

上海高一高中英语期中考试班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、单项选择1.The businessperson wanted to sell his goods fast; ______, he chose his partner with great care. A．therefore B．otherwiseC．for D．however2.By the time he was ten, Edison _________ experiments in chemistry.A．had already done B．already had doneC．was already doing D．already did3.His mother happened _______ when his program was shown on Channel Young. A．watching TV B．to watch TVC．to be watching TV D．being watching TV4._______, the more exercise you do, the richer your knowledge will be.A．It is known to all B．Which is known to allC．As we all know D．As is known to all that5.__________ the students who have taken part in the sports game is unknown.A．A great number of B．A great deal ofC．A large number of D．The number of6.Believe it or not, crying is a way you can imagine ______ pressure.A．relieving B．to relieveC．relieved D．relieve7.The news that volunteer workers will go to homes for the aged ______now.A．is being talked about B．are being talked aboutC．is being talked D．are being talked8.He has lived ________ in a(an) _________ village since his wife died.A．alone, alone B．lonely, lonelyC．alone, lonely D．lonely, alone9._______ you have got an MA degree, you are qualified for a PhD program.A．Though B．BecauseC．Since D．While10.Tom, I can’t see the notice clearly. May I _______ the seat ________ you?A．exchange …with B．exchange …forC．offer…to D．offer…for11.On hearing the ________ result, all the students of Class Two couldn’t help _______. A．satisfied; to jump B．satisfactory; to jump C．satisfied; jumping D．satisfactory; jumping12.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ________ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A．has considered B．is going to considerC．considered D．has been considering13.By the end of this month, we surely _________ a good solution to the problem.A．have found B．will been foundC．will be found D．are finding14.Tom was about to close the windows ______ his attention was caught by a bird.A．if B．when C．and D．till15.It was not until midnight _______ they reached the camp site.A．when B．whileC．that D．as16.Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a large one ___ it becomes available.A．unless B．as far asC．until D．as soon as17.The boy _______ when he said he _______ the eggs which were _______ by that hen before he _______ down to have a rest.A．was lying …. had laid… laid … layB．was lying …. had lain… laid … laidC．lied …. had laid… lain … lainD．lied …. had laid… lain … l ay二、其他1.Direction: Complete the following sentences by using the phrases from the box in their proper forms. Note that there is one phrase more than you need.【2】We decided to ________our tour of Europe with a brief visit to Madrid.【3】They ________ all the drawers ______ the missing paper.【4】I believe I _________________ calculating the political consequences accurately【5】He ______also heavily__________ all of its live theater productionsDirection: Complete the passage by choosing the proper words in the box.Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of ___【1】___speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is ___【2】___through sign language in which motions___【3】___ for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of __【4】__. Many of these symbols of whole words are very lively and exact and can be used __【5】___; spelling, however, cannot.Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either___【6】___ or not. A wink can be a way of showing that the party is only joking. A nod means approval, while shaking the head indicates __【7】___.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of __【8】___ dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also __【9】__and warn people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.3.Direction: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Apple’s iPhone may be big news, but in Silicon Valley all eyes are on Facebook. The all-age private Internet club that began as a college student hangout has become the technology industry’s hottest ticket.Facebook, which started out offering simple Web profile pages for users to update personal details and link to their friends, has since late May provided an easy way to enhance profiles with growing menu of 1,400 applications from virtual horoscopes to music video players.Membership has exploded to over 29 million active users, up one million users in just the past week and five million from six weeks ago. It’s adding more than 150,000 member a day, up from its pace of 100,000 six weeks ago, Facebook says.Facebook has become the central way many users keep track of Web sites they use every day. More importantly, it’s a way to keep up with what friends are doing, says Chief Technology Officer Adam Angelo, a high school classmate of Zuckerberg.Far b igger rival MySpace has difficulty striking a balance between sharing personal data and not revealing “too much information”. Many Facebook users post their mobile phone numbers, political affiliations or changes in dating status.“Facebook is not open the way the Web is open, Users share all kinds of information on the site they would never share on the Web,” Angelo, 22, says. “We get users to reveal more information because we protect users’ privacy.One protest group, called “Facebook Should Be Students ONLY”, with 20,000 members, is magnet from random discontent.“Facebook should most definitely be ONLY students,” Katerina Laurel, 15, of Kansas City, Kansas, writes in Web shorthand. “Our CHOIR teacher has a Face book membership.”Laurel’s solution is to use the site’s privacy controls to exclude the teachers/principals/dens/choir directors in her life. “I can just block them from my site if I don’t want them to see any of my profile.” She says.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）【1】What is Facebook?_________________________________________________________________.【2】How many active uses have Facebook had till now?_____________________________________________________________________【3】The reason why Facebook users share all kinds of information on the site they would never share on the Web is that________________________________________【4】It can be inferred that if you don’t want your profile exposed to strangers, you can_____________________________________________________________________4.Direction: Complete the following sentences using the given verbs in their proper forms.【1】A new hospital ___________ (build) in this area now.【2】The life he has been used to __________ (change) greatly soon.【3】Those naughty boys _________ (always get) into trouble. What tiresome boys!【4】I can’t stand ________ (make) fun of by my classmates constantly.【5】This is the first time that he _________ (have) a car of his own.5.Direction: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.【1】这颗圣诞节的装饰需要使用许多彩灯。

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题 Word版含答案

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年度第二学期高一英语期中试卷(满分150分，130分钟完成，答案一律写在网上阅卷答题纸上)Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25')Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.1. A. They are expensive. B. They are fashionable.C. They don't last long.D. They don't wear easily.2. A. She has something else to cope with first.B. She needs to find out where the books of stamps are.C. She can't deal with the two things at the same time.D. She doesn't know if there is enough time to mail the letter.3. A. 150 yuan. B. 50 yuan. C. 100 yuan. D. 200 yuan.4. A. The quiz will be very short. B. He'll give the quiz at a later lime.C. The quiz won't be ready until Thursday.D. He'll score the quiz quickly.5. A. How long the man's phone can work after the battery is charged up.B. How durable the man's phone battery is after several charges.C. How durable the man's phone is if the battery is dead.D. How long it takes to charge the man's phone battery.6. A. Make another appointment with her doctor.B. Take the medicine as she was directed to.C. Rest her back for a few days.D. Stop taking the medicine.7. A. She would like to go to the game with the man.B. She doesn't like watching basketball.C. She'll sell the man her ticket.D. She doesn't have a TV set.8. A. She prefers the door to be open to have some breeze in.B. She doesn't want her talk with Mr. Smith to be heard.C. She doesn't mind whether the door is closed or not.D. She will talk about her privacy with Mrs. Smith.9. A. Tom's boss has a twin brother. B. The person in black is Tom's boss.C. Tom didn't know where his boss was.D. The person in black looks like Tom's boss.10. A. Not many people know the piece of music.B. He doesn't know the music well enough.C. He hasn't been playing the piano long.D. People often ask him to play the music.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A historic voyage. B. The discovery of New Zealand.C. A famous explorer.D. The physical features of Australia.12. A. He wasn't famous rich family. B. He once joined the Royal Navy.C. He didn't have any schooling.D. He used to work for a fishing village.13. A. He improved sailors' diet B. He made the first map of Australia.C. He found a method of preventing a disease.D. He was the first to sail to the Pacific Ocean.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Flour and yeast (酵母) . B. Yeast and salt.C. Flour and water.D. Water and salt15. A. Unskillful pizza makers. B. Poor ingredients used to make pizzas.C. Lack of professional training courses.D. Little attention to this traditional dish.16. A. To make a pizza taste much better. B. To test whether a pizza is a good one.C. To show the inside structure of a pizza.D. To prevent customers feeling much too full.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. They contain no students.B. They have to cook for themselves.C. Each group has no more than 10 members.D. Each group has a clear purpose for research.18. A. He acts as an observer at first. B. He sets some rules in advance.C. He points out the problems from the startD. He keeps the members away from each other.19. A. He avoids going to a wildlife park with them.B. He leaves them enough time for the day trip.C. He wakes them up earlier than usual.D. He shouts and screams at them.20. A. Some game parks. B. Some group members.C. The difficulties Don has had.D. The suggestions for a camping trip.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection A (15')Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. Within one language, there could be hundreds or even thousands of smaller changes, ________it is due to the age, gender, race, or religion of the speaker.A. thoughB. whenC. whetherD. as22. The number of Chinese who escaped poverty ________ for more than percent of the world's impoverished people, measured by the poverty threshold set by the World Bank.A. accountedB. accountingC. were accountedD. having accounted23. These days, pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world ________ have no tradition of sink into a comfortable couch with a furry creature.A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. at which24. Despite the widely shared desire to give more compliments to a friend who has handles a tense situation at work, when ________ with the decision to actually send the compliments, people still often hesitate to engage in this behavior.A. facingB. facedC. being facedD. having faced25. The recent discoveries at the Sanxingdui Ruins site further confirm the theory that the pits were used for sacrificial purposes ________ many of the items found had been smashed and burned before being buried.A. unlessB. althoughC. whenD. as26. China's decades-old one-child policy gained renewed attention in the last few weeks, after authorities gave mixed signals on whether they were closer to ________the limits on how many children people can have.A. put an end toB. being put an end toC. putting an end toD. be put an end to27. Among the countries listed in the 2021 World Happiness Report, those at the bottom were mainly underdeveloped countries ________ issues such as political conflicts have been widespread in recent years.A. of whichB. whereC. whatD. when28. The president of one of the UK's leading teaching unions said black history should be included in all aspects of the curriculum ________the message that black history is more than the story of slavery.A. to spreadB. spreadingC. having spreadD. spread29. Prince Philip championed many causes and charities when alive, including setting up the hugely successful Duke of Edinburgh Award scheme ________at encouraging schoolchildren to take part in character-building activities.A. aimingB. being aimedC. having aimedD. aimed30. Around 1. 2 million tones of water polluted by radioactive substances from the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster will be dumped in the Pacific Ocean, and the amount is growing daily as rainfall and groundwater ________ the site continue to be polluted.A. enteredB. having enteredC. to enterD. entering31. The International Olympic Committee confirmed that ________ a decision about whether to allow foreign spectators in Tokyo would be made "as soon as possible, "organizers were willing to wait until June before deciding the number of fans allowed to enter the stadiums.A. whenB. whileC. asD. if32. On April 3, Egyptians witnessed 22 mummies -their country's ancient rulers - ________ from the peach-colored, neoclassical Egyptian Museum to their new resting place, the new National Museum of Egyptian Civilization.A. transportingB. transportC. to be transportedD. transported33. According to a report, the 2017 action-adventure film Wolf Warrior 2 is currently topping the all-time box office chart ________ all films ever screened in China.A. coveringB. illustratingC. exchangingD. offering34. In order to regain control over her music, Taylor Swift, one of today's most ________ and sought-after American singer-songwriters, released a new version of her 2008 album, Fearless, on Friday.A. ratedB. celebratedC. motivatedD. pursued35. Apart from academic accomplishments in high school, many other criteria, such as community involvement, leadership, and distinction in extracurricular activities will all be considered by the Committee before the applicants are ________to Harvard.A. permittedB. allowedC. expectedD. admittedSection B (20')Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(A)Surfing the Internet during class doesn't just steal focus from the educator; it also hurts. students who're already 36_ to grasp the material. Anew study from Michigan State University, though, argues that all students-including high achievers-see a 37 in performance when they browse the Internet during class for non-academic purposes.To measure the effects of Internet-based distractions during class, researchers 38 500 students taking an introductory psychology class at Michigan State University. Researchers used ACT scores as a 39__ of intellectual abilities. Because previous research has shown that people with high intellectual abilities are better at __40__ out distractions, researchers believed students with high ACT scores would not show a __41 decrease in performance due to their use of digital devices. But students who surfed the web during class did worse on their exams regardless of their ACT scores, suggesting that even the academically smartest students are harmed when they re distracted in class.College professors are increasingly raising alarm bells about the effects smartphones, laptops, and tablets have on academic performance. One 2013 study of college students found that 80% of students use their phones or laptops during class, with the average student checking their digital device 11 times in a __42__ class. A quarter of students report that their use of digital devices during class causes their grades to __43__.Professors sometimes implement policies __44__ to minimize students' use of digital devices, and some instructors even confiscate (没收) tablets and phones. In a world where people are increasingly dependent on their phones, though, such strategies often fail. One international study found that 84% of people say they couldn't go a day without their smartphones. Until students are able to __45__ the pull of social networking, texting, and endlessly surfing the web, they may continue to struggle in their classes.(B)For many young Chinese, neither “The Shepherd in Keketuohai (可可托海的牧羊人) ” nor the name of its original singer, Wang Qi, sounds familiar. Their parents, however, may know every word in the song.Such generational 46 in musical tastes aren't unusual. What may be surprising is where most middle-aged Chinese people may have first 47 the song: the popular short-video app Douyin. A March search for the song's name on Douyin returned more than seven million clips, many from an increasing number of accounts popular among middle-aged users.That some Douyin users might not be familiar with a song, even as others are constantly hearing it, is the result of the platform's highly 48 recommendation algorithms (算法) . They are able to produce different video feeds for each user based on their musical preferences and tastes.In the five years since its 49 in 2016, Douyin has grown into one of China's biggest platforms for pop music. On QQ Music, the largest digital music service provider in the country, songs popular among short-video creators are even ranked on a_ 50 Douyin Chart. The variety and scale of the app's user base mean all genres and styles can find an audience, and more and more artists now choose Douyin to debut their new tracks in the hopes of achieving a viral 51 .One of the most popular uses for music on an app like Douyin is known as a challenge video. Short clips from songs are played over a well-designed dance, which creators then challenge their followers to imitate. If a given dance challenge shows promise, it- is quickly 52 by the platform's algorithms and pushed to a larger user pool. Over time, more and more pop music has been produced 53 with such uses in mind, and songs are now being composed to be easily adapted to these short video formats.This trend is having an impact on our relationship to music. Users often find they can 54 recognize or remember the artists, names or the titles of titles songs. Meanwhile, the songs themselves are often cut up to focus only on their catchiest parts, while covers (翻唱版本) often go on to achieve far more fame than the 55Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection A Cloze (15')Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Physicists, fascinated by mathematical beauty, are failing to solve new problems.” High- class physicists no longer care about physical reality-nor should they. "“Science is over.”Those are simplified but not entirely misleading summaries of recent books by Sabine Hassenfelder (Lost in Math) , Richard Dawid (String Theory and the Scientific Method) and John Horgan (The End of Science) , 56__.I get asked about these books and their 57 message frequently. For theoretical physicists they are bitter criticism, since they argue that today's physics has gotten itself into a 58__.But they disagree in their descriptions of the problem. Ms. Hassenfelder argues that physicists need to pay more attention to reality, Mr. Dawid that they can safely ignore it. Mr. Horgan, 59__, thinks that physicists' time is past and they should do something else instead. What's going on here?Opinions may differ about the current health of physics, but no reasonable person can 60 that it has been a hugely successful enterprise. Without revolutionary 20th-century breakthroughs in quantum physics (量子物理学) and relativity (相对论) , modem technology -including GPS, nuclear power and much more- would be literally __61 .In the latter part of the 20th century our theoretical understanding reached a very high plateau (稳定期) . The so-called Standard Model of particle physics offers complete and 62 equations (方程) for the behavior of ordinary matter under ordinary conditions (allowing a very generous 63 of the word“ordinary”) .The theoretical framework of the Standard Model was in place by the 1970s, which predicted and 64__ _remarkable new discoveries and observations, notably including experimental confirmation of the existence of quarks (夸克) . It is a peak of human achievements.But this grand success is bittersweet. In earlier times, research that added to or changed the theoretical foundations of physics also had practical uses and benefits. Toda、however, discoveries in fundamental physics are __65 to have a significant impact in engineering, chemistry or biology, precisely because we already have well-tested foundations that seem more than adequate for those applications. The physical principles that empower 21 st-century technologies had all been 66 by the 1950s.When you have reached a high plateau, further improvement gets more difficult. Yet there are still wonderful __67 for new discoveries and technological innovations. We can apply our existing physical knowledge to make innovative and useful things, like computers that make full use of the richness of the quantum world to store and process information more effectively. However, important theoretical questions remain to be answered. 68__, we still haven't got a clear picture of what most of the universe, measured by mass, is made of.My hero Richard Feynman joked that “Einstein was a giant: His head was in the clouds, but his feet were on the ground. Those of us who are not so tall have to choose!”But I think there is no need to be so 69__. Really, the plateau we've reached is a good place to be. In fact, physics is especially exciting these days, __70__ we're learning how to use our understanding of “ordinary” matter to make machine assistants - computers, sensors anddrones - that will amplify and enrich our thoughts, do useful things and explore in all directions.56. A. relatively B. respectively C. actively D. instinctively57. A. illustrative B. extensive C. depressive D. aggressive58. A. failure B. challenge C. peak D. dead-end59. A. however B. meanwhile C. otherwise D. nevertheless60. A. promise B. dispute C. confirm D. maintain61. A. unquestionable B. unthinkable C. feasible D. beneficial62. A. well-tested B. well-informed C. well-behaved D. well-operated63. A. interpretation B. usage C. implementation D. translation64. A. assessed B. praised C. enabled D. improved65. A. bound C. unlikely D. able B. meant66. A. invented B. established C. developed D. outdated67. A. moments B. trends C. milestones D. opportunities68. A. to be exact B. In conclusion C. For instance D. By contrast69. A. pessimistic B. optimistic C. realistic D. idealistic70. A. while B. if C. though D. becauseSection B (32')Directions:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Recently I attended several meetings where we talked about ways to attract students and keep younger faculty members from going elsewhere. It seems higher education has become an industry of meeting-holders whose task is to “solve”problems - real or imagined. And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired - not to teach but to hold meetings-has increased significantly. Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer. Take our Center for Teaching Excellence. Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology in classrooms and in online courses. It's an administrative sham (欺诈) of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years.I offer a simple proposal in response: Many of our problems - class attendance, educational success, studenthappiness and well-being - might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic (官僚的) mechanisms and meetings and hiring an army of good teachers instead.If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher. This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other. The teachers must be free to teach in their own way-the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course.Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded for doing it well. Teachers are not people who are great at and consumed by research and happen to appear in a classroom. Good teaching and research are not exclusive, but they are also not automatic companions. Teaching is an art and a craft, talent and practice; it is not something that just anyone can be good at. It is utterly confusing to me that people do not recognize this, despite the fact that pretty much anyone who has been a student can tell the difference between their best and worst teachers.71. What does the author say about present-day universities?A. They are effectively addressing real or imagined problems.B. They often fail to combine teaching with research.C. They are over-burdened with administrative staffD. They lack talent to fix their deepening problems.72. According to the author, what kind of people do universities lack most?A. Good classroom teachers.B. Efficient administrators.C. Talented researchers.D. Motivated students.73. What does the author imply about the classes at present?A. They facilitate students' independent learning.B. They help students form closer relationships.C. They have more older students than before.D. They are much bigger than is desirable.74. What is the authors suggestion for improving university teaching?A. Creating an environment for teachers to share their teaching experiences.B. Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them to teach in their own way.C. Using high technology in classrooms and promoting exchange of in formation.D. Cutting down meetings and encouraging administrative staff to go to classrooms.(B)According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.So why, then, arc women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, it's not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.Ifs also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren't more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to die highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate (选民) and American companies are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in American companies will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances iii the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.75. What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?A. They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B. They have to strive harder to win their positions.C. They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.D. They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.76. What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A. They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B. They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.C. Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D. Relatively few arc hindered in their career advancement.77. What does the passage say about American companies in the near future?A. More and more women v/ill sit in the boardroom.B. Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C. The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D. People have opposing opinions as to whether they will have more women leaders.78. What do most Americans expect to see soon on America's political stage?A. A woman in the highest position of government.B. More and more women actively engaged in politics.C. A majority of women voting for a female president.D. As many women in top government positions as men.(C)There was a time when both literature and the study of literature came under the delightful belles lettres-beautiful letters. When the phrase was introduced in the 18th century, literature was considered, at its best, beautiful. Devotees tried to reproduce that beauty in their response to it.Modernism was a turning point, when literature became more alienated and combative (好斗的) with respect to society. American literature, with its powerful, democratic associations, contributed to the change. Belles lettres seemed too elitist to describe early-20th century writing. The superiority of belles lettres was further undermined by the rise of science as civilization's potential savior. Science was necessary to defend democracy, first during World War 11 and then during the Cold War. Now, it is the means of moving ahead in a competitive, technological society. Who has time for beauty when there is serious work to be done?The death knell (丧钟) for belles lettre s came with a 1959 lecture by the scientist and novelist C.P. Snow, “The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution.”Snow seemed to call for cooperation between science and the humanities, but he was really criticizing the scientific illiteracy of writers and critics who, unlike him, didn't happen to be scientists as well. The problem is that science and the humanities are inherently incommensurate fields. Science builds on its discoveries. It moves forward, so that the past is the literal foundation for the present and future. Literature does not move forward in this way. One need not read Shakespeare to write a play or a poem. By the same token Shakespeare is as relevant today as he was when he wrote.The simple truth that progress is central to science but not to the humanities is difficult to grasp for people who seek improvement in every walk of life. It fuels the drive to make the humanities scientific-through the use of technical jargon (术语) , general theories about social texts, and quantitative tools to analyze word choice, sentence structure and other aspects of literature.When the humanities give up their mission and seek shelter from progress, they become dangerous companion to ideological agendas. Students come to feel there is a definitive, “virtuous”reading of an event or a text; they criticize great authors of the past based on the standards of the present. They create a climate that arouses opposition from those who feel excluded or offended by such thinking but who lack the humanistic training to do more than fight back.We need to be skeptical of beauty and its relationship to truth, but we also need to see truth as beautiful, and to look with skepticism upon the products of a culture that speak to us in ugly, pseudoscientific (伪科学的) ways.79. In the author's opinion, which of the following statements might C. P. Snow agree with?A. Cooperation determines the progress of civilization.B. We don't actually need literature and art.C. We need the humanities as much as science.D. A writer who doesn't know science is undesirable80. What does the word ^incommensurate (Line 1, Para. 4) ”most probably mean?A. unable to affect and promote each otherB. unable to be judged by the same standardC. related and unable to be totally separatedD. mutually exclusive and independent81. According to the last two paragraphs, what is the unique role of the humanities?A. to promote civilization of the pastB. to encourage openness and toleranceC. to cultivate the skeptical mindD. to create a climate without criticism82. What's the subject of the text?A. Call for due attention to the humanities.B. Regret about the death of belles Jetties.C. Challenge to the cooperation between art and science.D. Criticism on progressives' control of the humanities.。

上海中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)

上海中学2023学年第二学期期中考试英语试题高一______班学号______ 姓名______ 成绩______Ⅰ．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．15 dollars. B．20 dollars. C．25 dollars. D．45 dollars.2．A．To the gallery. B．To the dentist’s.C．To her flat. D．To the garage.3．A．She was fired by the company. B．She broke the law.C．She is on leave right now. D．She is replacing the company’s website.4．A．Patient and doctor. B．Resident and government official.C．Customer and insurance agent. D．Boss and secretary.5．A．He was sitting opposite Mr. Johnson. B．He is planning a farewell party for Mr. Johnson.C．All the tasks that Mr. Johnson did failed. D．He is glad Mr. Johnson left the company.6．A．She prefers dogs to cats.B．She had a close relationship with the man’s daughter.C．She used to sorrow over her dog’s death.D．She is always in low spirits.7．A．The woman should get the chips herself. B．The woman shouldn’t eat chips.C．The woman used to have several heart attacks. D．The woman warned the man against heart attacks. 8．A．They plan to have the meeting in another place.B．The availability of the meeting room will be discussed.C．They have already had the meeting.D They will have the meeting sometime later.9．A．The car’s demand greatly exceeds supply.B．The woman has listed the car’s advantages.C．The woman received a car a month ago. D．The woman didn’t like the car.10．A．She won’t do the presentation.B．She needs to collect a lot of data for the presentation.C．She is still at an early stage of preparation for the presentation.D．The topic is most important for the presentation.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but thequestions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you’ve heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．The type of food you freeze. B．The way you warm up the frozen food.C．Whether the freezer bags are sealed. D．What temperature you set your freezer to. 12．A．Because they can be easily stocked.B．Because they fit well in the fridge.C．Because they come in different sizes and shapes. D．Because they help to keep the dry food dry 13．A．Prevent people from eating too much food.B．Stop people from removing food that hasn’t gone bad.C．Make people become cautious about eating unhealthy food.D．Make people become ambitious in making use of leftover food.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14．A．Postpone retirement age. B．Involve more women in work.C．Hire more foreign workers. D．Attract workers with high salaries.15．A．Relieve pressure on human nursing care.B．Take care of children and the elderly.C．Finally replace humans in workforce. D．Give humans more time to r creative work. 16．A．Robots can’t do certain work. B．Some people don’t accept robots.C．The expenses for robots are still high. D．The functions of robots need improving.17．A．Japan struggles to fight workforce shortage.B．Japanese attitudes towards robots change a lot.C．Robots have played a major role in Japan’s industry.D．Robots can help in Japanese workforce shortage.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18．A．The cruise liner will provide all sorts of food and entertainment.B．Only half of the cabins will be filled up.C．The prices of unsold tickets will be reduced.D．Everyone will be able to afford the ticket.19．A．Book tickets as soon as they are available. B．Closely watch the changes of ticket prices C．Compare deals from different sources. D．Keep in contact with a travel age n you can trust. 20．A．Because cruise tours are only suitable for people who have much free time.B．Because he can work part-time to earn money to pay for the tour.C．Because doing price research and comparing takes time.D．Because he can sail shortly after buying the cheap ticket.Ⅱ．Grammar and VocabularySection A Multiple Choice21．No man is useless in this world ______ lightens the burden of someone else.A．which B．that C．who D．as22．______ be considered for the role of team leader in our upcoming project?A．Who do you suggest that should B．Who do you suggestC．Whom do you suggest should D．Do you suggest who should23．I’m now applying to graduate school, ______ means someday I’ll return to a profession ______people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want.A．which, as B．which, which C．which, where D．as, in which24．The reason ______ she gave for her resignation was ______ she wanted to pursue her passion for travel and exploration.A．that, that B．why, that C．why, because D．/, because25．It might be years ______ we ______ the creation of artificial intelligence systems capable of true human-like cognition.A．since, made possible B．before, make possibleC．since, made possible that D．before, make it possible26．The budget for the project ended up being twice ______, causing unexpected financial strain on the company. A．how it intended to B．that it had intended toC．as it intended to D．what it was intended to27．It was ______ she took her first step onto foreign soil ______ signaled the beginning of a journey filled with unknown adventures and unforgettable experiences.A．the moment, that B．the moment, whenC．the moment when, that D．the moment when, which28．The complexities of the English language are ______ even native speakers cannot always communicate effectively, ______ almost every American learns on his first day in Britain.A．so that, as B．such that, as C．so that, with D．such that, in that29．His confidence and strong will clearly show that he is no longer ______ he used to be the first time ______ he undertook such a demanding task.A．who, when B．who, / C．what, / D．what, that30．It was not so much her talent ______ her perseverance and determination ______ motivated her to the top of her field.A but. that B．as, that C．nor, which D．like, which31．______ the children tracked mud all over them again.A．No sooner did he sweep the floors clean than B．Hardly had he sweep the floors clean whenC．Barely he had swept the floors clean than D．Scarcely had he swept the floors clean when32．Although the suspect insisted ______ alone during the time of the crime, the court still demanded ______ evidence to support his alibi.A．being at home, he should provide B．he be at home, he providedC．he was at home, be provide D．he was at home, he providing33．Visitors are permitted to take photographs for personal use only, ______ stated otherwise by the museum staff. A．though B．if C．as D．unless34．The recipe book features helpful ______, making it easier for learners to visualize the cooking process.A．explanation B．demonstrations C．illustrations D．presentations35．The heroic idea that ______ qualities such as excellence, generosity courage, loyalty and dignity is highly valued and modeled.A．embraces B．identifies C．examines D．criticizes36．______ by the work pressure, he has been experiencing serious physical symptoms of stress and had to turn to a therapist for help.A．Overwhelmed B．Disappointed C．Frustrated D．Shocked37．After witnessing her tireless dedication to practice every day, the parents were ______ her enthusiasm for playing the piano.A．concerned with B．committed to C．informed of D convinced of38．When we ______ the data further, we can identify specific trends and patterns that may not be evident at first glance.A．break up B．break out C．break through D．break down39．The temptation for a declining church to ______ old privileges is strong.A．hang on to B．settle for C．pass up D．sign for40．After signing the contract, every employee is ______ fulfill their duties and conform to the rules made by the company.A．reluctant to B．obliged to C．motivated to D．honored to41．Due to the long-term environmental and financial benefits, renewable energy technologies are ______ A．worthwhile to develop B．worth being developedC．worthy to be developed D．worthy of developingSection B VocabularyDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stressed out? Get chewing: can a wellness rebrand make Americans buy gum again?When was the last time you saw someone chewing gum? 1998, maybe? 2007? Chances are, it probably wasn’t recently. Like high heels and affordable housing, chewing gum appears to be going 42Gum’s popularity has been fading globally thanks to increased competition from products like breath mints and mobile phones distracting us from impulse purchases while shopping. The pandemic, moreover, 43 ·accelerated gum’s decline.Even after people 44 from lockdown, sales didn’t recover. Gum sales worldwide in 2023 were 10% below 2018 figures. In the US, the drop has been particularly pronounced: last year 1.2 billion units of gum were sold in the US, 32% fewer than in 2018.However, chewing gum, in various forms, is one of the oldest habits there is. Stone age teenagers were chewing birch bar k tar possibly for pleasure, medicinal purposes, or to use it as a glue. Gum has also been loaded with culturalmeaning and the subject of various 45 panics. Some people believe it is a marker of the bad kids or a habit of the lower class.Despite a certain amount of social stigma（污名）attached to gum, it has - until relatively recently -been a wildly successful product. That’s thanks to William Wrigley Jr, who was a marketing and advertising genius. Wrigley always 46 to find a way to make gum relevant and insert it into consumer culture. For example, Wrigley advertised the idea that chewing gum was a health aid that would help digestion and would relieve stress.This year the Wrigley brand’s owner —Mars—came out with an ad campaign it hopes will revive gum’s 47 by positioning it as an almost instant stress reliever. Linking gum with wellness worked in the 1910s, but is it going to work now? Alex Hayes at the food consultancy is 48 optimistic. “The global well ness market is estimated to be worth more than $1.5 trillion, so it’s no surprise that Mars wants a piece of the pie,” Hayes says. “We’ve seen the success of categories such as tea promoting their products via functional 49 and messaging-teas for good sleep, mental clarity, stress relief, etc. So it comes as no surprise that Mars is risking the same 50 .” But he also notes, customers are increasingly worried about processed foods and are eager to move away from artificial 51 . There’s still ongoing discussion on just how effective repositioning chewable plastic as a health supplement is going to be. Ⅲ．Reading ComprehensionSection A ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It’s safe to say Jeremy Scott is having a lucky year. In March while working as a chauffeur, he told his boss about his plans to set up a driving business. By the end of the journey, Scott’s boss had offered to 52 his idea-a starting capital along with the gift of a £110,000 limousine（豪车）to kick start the business.Of course, there’s an element of luck to everyone’s career. Whether you’re a chief executive or an artist — your 53 won’t be based on hard work alone. For example, the place you were born 54 your education. It determines whether you learn to read, write or complete qualifications, which 55 limits your career choices.Many people believe success is down to talent and hard work, but “this is because most people underestimate the role of 56 ”, says psychologist Dr Elizabeth Nutt Williams. “We do a lot of work to prepare for ourcareers-education, training, taking advantage of mentoring-all of which tend to be in our control.” People don’t like to acknowledge the role of luck in their work, as it 57 this feeling of being in control, adds Williams.Everyone remembers working hard, so people are more likely to overestimate how much of their success is down to diligence than something much more 58 like luck.The reality of success （at least in terms of 59 ）is less clear cut. In the UK, studies show where you are born is likely to determine how much you earn.2017 research found that there is a “class pay gap’’, where professional employers from 60 backgrounds are paid almost £7,000 less a year — despite having the same role, education and experience as colleagues from more privileged families. 61 , black graduates earn up to 23% less per hour than white university leavers, whereas woman in the UK earn 14% less on average than men.Socio-economic status also plays a big role in the 62 you enter. A recent study by the Debrett’s Foundation found seven in every 10 young people aged 16-25 use 63 to get their first job. While research has shown that less able, richer children are 35% more likely to become high earners than their brighter. poorer peers.The truth is: chance and coincidences 64 our careers more than we like to think. Realizing that parts of your career are out of your control sounds 65 , but being grateful for the role of luck in your career can actually make you more fortunate.This is because when you acknowledge the role of luck in your work, you become prepared to take advantage of more fortunate moments. “Chance events occur·but it is all about the individual’s 66 to see those events as possibilities and their willingness to take a risk,” says Williams.52．A．challenge B．adopt C．finance D．reject53．A．performances B．accomplishments C．assessments D．outcomes54．A．accounts for B．applies to C．makes up for D．depends on55．A．in reward B．after all C．in turn D．by nature56．A．chance B．accident C．education D．diligence57．A．emphasizes B．overlooks C．maintains D．weakens58．A．manageable B．vital C．slippery D．minor59．A．reputation B．income C．education D．occupation60．A．wealthier B．poorer C．unique D．diverse61．A．Nevertheless B．Contrarily C．Consequently D．Similarly62．A．profession B．circle C．community D．university63．A．certificates B．online platforms C．career fairs D．family connections64．A．contribute to B．result from C．add to D．hold back65．A．inspiring B．encouraging C．appealing D．discouraging66．A．reluctance B．eagerness C．readiness D．resolutionSection B Passages（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the burnt garlic’s smell, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves（蒜瓣）in an electric oven, and after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and pac ks them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garl ic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic isthoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, lwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）. 67．Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder” in the second paragraph?A mistake B．show C．mixture D．brand68．Who is NOT suitable to drink garlic coffee?A．A student having trouble with sleep B．A woman bearing a baby.C．A cleaner working on a day shift. D．A young lady sick of garlic.69．Which of the following is NOT characteristic of garlic coffee?A．It is caffeine-free. B．Garlic powder dissolves in waterC．The burnt garlic create s bitterness. D．It is an improvement on a garlic dish.70．Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A．Venturous and greedy B．Innovative and perseverantC．Hardworking and cautious D．Observant and helpful（B）71．By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they ______.”A．make sense to manufacturers B．get stuck in storesC are compared with each other D．are piled up together72．Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A．Dreampad pillow B．Eight sleep trackerC．Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D．Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System73．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A．The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B．The Nightinga, is an economical but perfect device.C．Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D．One in three people suffer from sleep problem.（C）One way to divide up the world is between people who like to explore new possibilities and those who stick to the tried and true. In fact, the tension between betting on a sure thing and taking a chance that something unexpected and wonderful might happen troubles human and nonhuman animals alike.Take songbirds, for example. The half-dozen finches（雀）resting at my desk feeder all summer know exactly what they’ll find there: black sunflower seed, and lots of it. Meanwhile, the warblers（莺）exploring the woods nearby don’t depend on this predictable food source in fine weather. As food hunters, they enjoy less exposure to predators and, as a bonus, the chance to meet the perfect mate flying from tree to tree.This “explore-exploit” trade-off（权衡）has prompted scores of lab studies, computer simulations and algorithms （算法）, trying to determine which strategy brings in the greatest reward. Now a new study of human behavior in the real world, published last month in the journal Nature Communications, shows that in good times, there isn’t much of a difference between pursuing novelty and sticking to the status quo（原状）. When the going gets tough. however, explorers are the winners.The new study, led by Shay O’Farrell and James Sanchirico, both of the Univ ersity of California, Davis, along with Orr Spiegel of Tel Aviv University, examined the routes and results of nearly 2,500 commercial fishing trips in the Gulf of Mexico over a period of 2.5 years. The study focused on “bottom longline” fishing, a system where hundreds of lines are attached to a horizontal bar that is then lowered to reach the sea bed. Dr. O’Farrell explained the procedure this way: Go to a location and put the line down. Stay for a few hours. The lines are a mile long and have a buoy （浮标）at either end. When they pull that up, they assess the catch, and then decide if they will stay or move on to a different spot.Over two years of collecting data under various climate conditions, the researchers discovered that the fishermen were fairly c onsistent. “The exploiters would go to a smaller set of locations over and over, and go with what theyknow,” Dr. O’Farrell said. The explorers would constantly try a wider range; they’d sample new places.In the long run, there wasn’t a huge difference in payoffs between the two groups, perhaps due to the sharing information between fishing crews, said Dr. O’Farrell. But in challenging times, the study’s message was clear: “You can try new things in the face of uncertainty.”74．The author takes the songbird as an example to indicate that ______.A．like birds, humans tend to be satisfied with the predictableB．some birds are used to looking for food instead of being fedC．there exist the conservative and the adventurous like humansD．birds choose different ways to look for food in different weather75．According to the third paragraph, people who mastered “explore-exploit” trade-off ______.A．will choose either to pursue novelty or keep the status quoB．are ready to risk in time of difficultyC．will be tough in good times and bad timesD．will grow to be experts in lab studies76．Which can be inferred from the new study led by Shay O’Farrell and James Sanchirico?A．The two groups react to the unexpected differently.B．The “explore-exploit” trade-off helps scientific research a lot.C．The exploiters are used to fishing based solely on their experience.D．The explorers tend to achieve more than the exploiters in the long run.77．Which of the following can be the best title for passage?A．How the Exploiter differs from the Explorer B．How to Become a Productive FishermanC．What is “Explore-Exploit” Trade-off D．When to take risks mattersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Maya loved cacao so much that they used the beans as currency. They also believed it is good for you—which many people still say today about cacao’s most famous byproduct, chocolate. 78 . While some have suggested that less than an ounce of dark chocolate might improve heart health, much of the research doesn’t involve eating actual chocolate but rather its components — flavanol, especially.79 . In a clinical trial of 21,000 adults, they found that the half of the group that took500mg of. cocoaflavanol supplements daily had a significantly lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease than those who had taken a placebo（安慰剂）.Flavanols may also boost insulin sensitivity, according to some studies, which might be helpful in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）. 80 . Those at risk of diabetes might be wise to choose a cacao-inspired supplement instead of eating chocolate—and the sugar it contains. Other research suggests that the flavanols found in cacao （also present in fruits, vegetables, and tea）could slow cognitive decline during aging, or even boost brain performance by improving blood flow to the cerebral cortex.What these findings mean for chocolate is limited, however. Participants would have had to eat multiple fat and sugar filled chocolate bars a day to source 500mg of flavanols. 81 . So understanding why certain types of chocolate are healthier than the rest is the focus of further research.Ⅳ．Fill in the BlanksHow sneaker culture took over the worldSneakers have come a long way from when they were first invented in 1860s England for the upper-class playing croquet（槌球）and tennis.Long worn for function 82 82 fashion, today sneakers have become an entire culture—both a form of self-expression and a high art found in museum exhibits and designer auction houses.83 transformed sneaker culture into a true phenomenon was the 1985 release of Nike’s Air Jordan 1s. In 1984, Michael Jordan was a talented rookie who had yet to play in a professional game. 84 that, Nike saw Jordan as the future of their brand, signing him to a five-year, $2.5 million endorsement（代言）deal. 85 Jordan matured into one of the greatest basketball players of all time, the sneaker’s popularity skyrocketed.Meanwhile, another cultural shift 86 （take）place with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses. It was when men were allowed to put aside their suits and wear something one day a week that showed people who they really were.As sneakers became increasingly desired, footwear companies turned to 87 （generate）even more publicity by collaborating with celebrities and luxury brands, as well as releasing small batches of limited-edition shoes with eye-pop ping designs.Celebrities also started their collaborations with sneaker brands, which helped target a whole new demographic of people to experience sneaker culture. It was a blending of high and low fashion, 88 the shoe industry has never really seen before. A pair that Jordan wore in his legendary final NBA season 89 （sell ）even for $2.2 mllion, making them the most expensive sneakers ever to appear at auction.By the mid-2010s, speakers 90 （become）solid gold status symbols. Wearing rare and cool sneakers became an expression of one’s social status. But not until recently, sneakers are finally getting their due as part of our cultural heritage—and particularly how Black culture has shaped that heritage. It took decades for the sneaker industry to recognize that 91 these Black athletes or artists that championed their products there would be no sneaker culture.Ⅴ．Translations92．结果看来这项传统的确值得传承给我们的后代。

2020-2021学年上海浦东新区高一下英语期中考试卷-含答案

Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Do you drink a lot of coffee? So many people see it as part of their daily life that it inspired an expression in English: Wake up and smell the coffee!I read the other day that coffee (21) ________ (contain) caffeine is the planet’s most popular psychoactive drug” An example is the United States, (22) ________ more than 90% of adults are estimated to use it every day.Public health organisations are concerned about getting caffeine（咖啡因）(23) ________ (add) to products such as energy drinks and chewing gum. Professor Lynne Goldman says that many people don’t know (24) ________ ________ caffeine they are taking. As a result, they could have insomnia（失眠症）, indigestion or high blood pressure.But (25) ________ you are a coffee lover like me, you shouldn’t be afraid because in moderation, caffeine (26) ________ have some positive effects. A study in the American Journal of Climical Nutestipn（美国临床营养学杂志）linked (27) ________ (drink) coffee and tea with a lower risk of diabetes than drinking juice.And some famous people such as French novelist and play wright Honore de Balzac and German composer Ludwig van Beethoven are said (28) ________ (like) it a lot, believing that coffee has creative powers.When alive, American film-maker David Lynch (29) ________ (eat) at the same Los Angeles diner every day for sever years. He drank up to seven cups of coffee with lots of sugar every time, (30) ________ he said would guarantee him “lots of ideas.”What about you? Does coffee fill you with ideas? Is it an important part of your social life?Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beA Short History of the Origins and Development of EnglishThe history of the English language really stared with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the 5th century AD. These groups of people were the Angels, the Saxons and the Jutes. They crossed the North Sea from Denmark and Germany. At that time the __31__ people of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But more of the Celtic speakers were __32__ west and north by the invaders into Wales, Scotland and Ireland. The Angles came from “England” and their language was called “Englisc”, from which the words “England” and“English” __33__.Old English (450-1100AD)The invading Germanic tribes spoke languages __34__, which in Britain developed into Old English. Old English didn’t sound or look like English today. However, about half of the most __35__ used words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong and water, for example, come from Old English.Middle English (1100-1500)In 1066, William the Conqueror invaded and conquered England. For a period in the history, the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century English became __36__ in Britain again, but with many French words added. This language is called Middle English. It was the language of the great poet Chaucer (1340 - 1400), but it would still be a(n) __37__ for native English speakers to understand today.Modern EnglishEarly Modern English (1500 - 1800)Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in __38__ started, with vowels pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world. Many new words and phrases entered the language.Also, the invention of __39__ brought standardization to English. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London became the standard.Late Modern English (1800 - Present)The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is __40__. Late Modern English has many more words, resulting from two major factors; firstly, the Industrial Revolution created a need for new word: secondly, the English language adopter foreign words from many countries.Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How often do you read a newspaper? About 10 million people read one every day in the UK. The most popular newspapers are the tabloids（小报）, which are full of celebrity news and gossip. But where do the __41__ for these papers get their stories?Simple! Some have been __42__ the law! They’ve been doing this by hacking（非法侵入）into people’s mobile phones and stealing __43__ information. The police found out about this back in 2005. At the time, reporters working on The News of The World were accused of hacking the phones of members of the __44__ family and other famous people.But it soon became clear that other celebrities were also __45__ ,.They include author J. K. Rowling, actor Hugh Grani and actress Sienna Miller. As a result, David Cameron (the BritishPrime Minister) announced that there would be an inquiry into the __46__.Lord Justice Leveson, a leading English judge, was appointed to lead the inquiry. He said, “The press provides an essential check on all aspects of public life. That’s why any __47__ within the media affects all of us. At the heart of this inquiry may be one simple question: who guards the guardians?” The inquiry is focusing on three major areas: The __48__ between the press and1. ...... the public.2. ...... the police3. ...... politicians.The big question is, what __49__ are going to be made as a result of the inquiry? Defenders of freedom of the press are worried that journalists won’t be allowed to investigate __50__, and that new laws will be introduced to __51__ what they can and can’t do. At present, journalists often use secret techniques to get an interesting story.These techniques include making __52__ recordings and deception（骗术）, such as pretending to be someone else in order to gain entry into an organisation. __53__, in 1887, reporter Eluabeth pretended to be crazy so she could get checked into a __54__ institution. Her report on the institution. Ten Days in a Mad-House, led to changes in the treatment of mental patients.And in 2011, journalists secretly recorded FIFA members offering to sell their votes to host the World Cup. As a result, they __55__ a serious case of corruption（腐败）.Will actions such as these now be banned? We’ll have to wait and see!41. A. readers B. celebrities C. detectives D. journalists42. A. introducing B. breaking C. adapting D. studying43. A. basic B. high-tech C. private D. illegal44. A. royal B. nuclear C. parental D. ordinary45. A. hackers B. victims C. suspects D. supporters46. A. press B. phones C. internet D. movies47. A. emotion B. escape C. accusation D. failure48. A. gap B. difference C. relationship D. talk49. A. agreements B. impressions C. errors D. changes50. A. publicly B. freely C. deeply D. orally51. A. limit B. deny C. publish D. trace52. A. technical B. secret C. free D. false53. A. However B. As a result C. In addition D. For example54. A. public B. media C. mental D. academic55. A. uncovered B. sentenced C. prevented D. plannedSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Travel Wise: Sa Pa, VietnamWhy go nowRestaurants and hotels have been opening at a fast pace in Sa Pa, in part because a new highway connecting the nearby city of Lao Cai to Hanoi opened in 2014. But much of the national park that is visible from Sa Pa remains as wild and beautiful as ever.What to knowVietnam does not offer visas on arrival to Americans. Apply online or in person at the nearest Vietnamese embassy or consulate（大使馆）.Getting thereSa Pa is easily accessible by bus or train from Hanoi. Sleeper bus service takes at least six hours each way, and round-trip tickets cost about $40. Round-trip fares on an overnight sleeper train, eight hours a day, begin at about $50. A private cabin in the train’s luxury sleeper car costs $200 to $400 for two.Not to missMountain FansipanMany Sa Pa-based travel agencies offer multi-day hiking tours to Fansipan, Vietnam’s highest mountain and the primary attraction in Hoang Lien National Park. There's also a cable car from Sa Pa to Fansipan's peak. A round-trip ticket costs $30.Weekend marketsThe villages of Can Cau and Bac Ha, both a few hours' drive from Sa Pa, host weekend markets and selling livestock, produce, and more.Local dishesIn open-air restaurants around Sa Pa Lake, one popular dish is hot pot served with fresh salmon （鲑鱼）raised in local mountain streams. Another is a plate of crispy, fried river fish called ea suoi.56. What is the change brought to Sa Pa after the new highway opened in 2014?A. The national park is not as beautiful as before.B. Sa Pa is losing its popularity.C. The number of restaurants and hotels in Sa Pa is increasing.D. It's becoming harder to get to the national park from Sa Pa.57. What might be the price if a couple want to get a separate room on a round-trip sleeper train?A. $50B. $100C. $150.D. $200.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE about traveling to Sa Pa?A. From Sa Pa, you cannot get to Fansipan's peak directly.B. Tourists from America can get their visas the moment they arrive in Vietnam.C. You can have a taste of local dishes while enjoying the beautiful scenery of Sa Pa Lake.D. There are markets selling livestock, produce and more in nearby villages during the week.(B)Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of the world, but one country whose food has a long history of being 'globalized' is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries.Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pasta -a basic Italian food --would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. In addition, people's opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square.Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and is sold relatively cheaply in the supermarkets. Ready-made pasta sauces are also increasingly popular - sales have doubled in the last five years, according to one manufacturer. Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine（烹饪）, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes.These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialities. Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common.In summary, globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign foods has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some others fear the damage it may cause to Italian traditions. Possibly the global popularity of Italian food will ensure that it survives.59. All the following shows that Italian eating habits have changed EXCEPT that ________.A. Italian people increasingly rely on frozen or takeaway Italian foodB. dried pasta is produced in large quantities and priced lowerC. food from other countries has flooded onto Italian tablesD. Italian food has long been on the menus of foreign restaurants60. Many Italians are concerned that ________.A. there are limited food choices in ItalyB. Italian people are losing interest in making foodC. international food chains may destroy Italian food traditionsD. Italian food is becoming less powerful in international markets61. Who can be the target readers of this essay?A. People who are experts in Italian food.B. People who have a general interest in food.C. People who want to visit Europe on holidayD. People who deny the benefits of globalization62. The author's main intention in writing this essay is to show that ________.A. globalization has damaged Italian cultureB. globalization has caused trouble to some countriesC. globalization has fundamentally changed Italian foodD. globalization has made a largely positive impact on Italian foodSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.What It's Like to Be a Hotel TesterA woman arrives alone to stay at a hotel. She sits by the pool and later order room service. The hotel staff assume she's on holiday. ________63________ This particular hotel tester is on a secret mission in Gran Cannria, Spain, checking the Las Palmmas hotel's standard of service."I can try everything here," she says. But what sounds like going on holiday for a living is actually hard work. There's a list of 2,500 questions that have to be addressed before she leaves the hotel. It's vital to maintain her anonymity（匿名）to ensure she's not given special treatment by the hotel staff. ________64________.She looks at things like the staff's level of helpfulness, the cleanliness in the rooms, and even small things like whether the toilet paper is folded neatly ________65________ "At the start it was difficult to remember all the questions," she says. After all she can't bring the list with her to the pool so she has to memorise it. Every day she checks a different part of the hotel and sometimes takes photos. Then she writes a detailed report, including everything positive andnegative she has encountered.________66________ However, it's a profession that could be on its way out. One hotel tester, Michael Bauer, says that there are fewer testers than before because many guests now post reviews online, meaning, the hotel management can see what customers say on sites like Trip-Advisor, and take steps to improve things. "You don't need testers for that", Bauer says. "We are a dying breed."Ⅱ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.67. 人工智能的发展会对人们就业造成威胁吗？(threat)68. 这本书一发售就大受欢迎，轰动一时。

上海市闵行区七宝中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题含答案.doc

上海市七宝中学2015学年第二学期高一英语期中考试2016年4月13日考试时间：120分钟总分：150分I. Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1 • A . Chinatown.C ・ The Empire State Building.2. A. By subway ・C ・ In Richard's car.3. A. She made a late delivery ・C ・ She couldn^t take the cake back ・4. A. Interesting.B. Positive. 5・ A. Paying for tickets.C ・ Changing notes.6. A. His computer doesn't work well.B ・ He isn't getting along with his stuff.C ・ He didn't register for a proper course.D. He can't apply the theory to his program.7・ A. The style is more important than the color. B. The green dress doesn't fit as well as the blue one.C. The woman should buy a dress instead of a suit.D. The woman looks better in blue ・8. A. He probably just has got a headache ・B. There's no air-conditioner in the room.C. She thinks he is not seriously sick ・D. She thinks he should go to see the doctor.9. A. 40. B. 60. C. 80.10. A. He can't get a room at the hotel.B. He didn^t get the type of room he wanted.C. He expected the room to be more expensive ・D. He thought he had already made a reservation.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages ・ The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.B. Columbia Univcrsity. D ・ The United Nations Building ・ B. By taxi. D ・ On Jerry's train. B. She went to the wrong place ・ D. She was late for the birthday party.C. Opposite ・D. Boring ・ B ・ Repairing machines ・ D. Changing notes for coins.D. 120.12. A. Slow food.C ・ Women's rights. 13. A. Alice has written some cookbooks.B. Alice opened a restaurant in France.C. Alice sometimes buys locally-grown food ・D. It was Alice's keen sense of taste that made her a famous cook.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is listed in the teaching programme ・B. It is important to English teaching.C. Effective listening results in good grades ・D. It's more taught than any other subject ・15. A. Listening helps to send plain message.B. Listening develops personal relationship.C. Listening has little to do with personal relationship ・D. Good listening helps to deliver an important speech.16. A. Good listening means a good job ・B. Listening requires understanding ・C. With good listening, you can receive messages ・D. Listening is an important means of communication.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Interview with a Clown (小丑)Doctor11. A. 27. B ・65. C ・67・ D. 70.B. Fast food. D. Anti-war.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (16 points)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank(A)Albert Einstein completely changed scientific thought. After he developed the Theory of Relativity, Einstein opened the door for the creation of the atomic bomb・ Although Einstein was not famous in his lifetime, he later became (25) ____________ (famous) scientist of the 20th century.Although Einstein is now considered the best example of genius, in the first two decades of his life, many people thought Einstein was the exact opposite. When Einstein didn't talk until he was three years old, his parents worried something was wrong with him. Einstein also failed (26) (impress) his teachers・ From elementary school through college, his teachers andprofessors thought him lazy, sloppy, and insubordinate (不屈服的).Many of his teachers thought he would never amount to anything.(27) _________ appeared to be laziness in class was really boredom. (28) _______________________ just memorizing facts and dates, Einstein preferred to consider questions(29) __________________ what makes the needle of a compass point in one direction? Why isthe sky blue? What would it be like to travel at the speed of light?Unfortunately for Einstein, these were not the types of topics he was taught in school.(30) ________ his excellent grades, Einstein found regular schooling to be strict and unfair. Things changed for Einstein when he treated Max Talmud friendly, the 21 -year-old medical student who ate dinner at the Einstein's once a week. Although Einstein was only eleven years old, Max introduced Einstein to numerous science and philosophy books and then discussed their content with him. Einstein flourished in this learning environment and it wasrft long(31) ________ Einstein surpassed (超过)what Max could teach him.(B)Disney Movie Gets SeriousWe may not have realized it, but the truth is that the majority of us hold certainprejudices (偏见)and believe certain stereotypes (成见)to be true. For instance, apopular prejudice is (32) ____________________ Disney movies are just kids'stufl； full of cute characters and happy endings.Disney pictures are definitely for the young, but children won't fall in lovewith a film (33) __________ they feel is empty. As Zootopia, the latest animatedfilm by Disney, shows, kids，movies (34) _______ also be serious entertainment.Set in an animal version of New York City, Zootopia came out in China on March 4.The heroine is a rabbit named Judy Hopps from a remote village who arrives in the big city as a newly-qualified police office匸She has a dream of a career of public sendee ahead of her. Judy has heard that Zootopia is a utopia(理想国)：a place where there are no differences between creatures and everyone (35) ____________________ (get) along・What she finds is slightly different: There are indeed prejudices and stereotypes in this society, just like any society. She is called a naive (天真白勺)country animal and (36) _______________ (tell) she'll never make it. Judy is given a dull job attending to parking meters (停车计时器).It's nochallenge at all. Judy knows she's been given the lowly (地位低的)job simply(37) _________ she's from a village・ The movie shifts gears (变速)when Judy meets Nick, a fox. Nick is tricky, sly(狡猾的)(like most fox characters), but also witty(机智的)and fun to be around ・When Judy is given a break, she's moved off meter duty to a case looking for a missing ferret (口杲也)・She ignores her father^ advice (38) _________ foxes cannot be trusted and invites Nickto help he匚She leams about another Zootopia of other species at war with each othe匚The movie gets intense (紧张的)here, and it also becomes very relevant to the present-day US. Over the past couple of years there (39) _____________ (be) a series of police shootings of young African-American men. Disney has clearly tapped into this theme・ It has delivered a movie which, although it is for kids, treats kids like they^re members of society with brains and consciences・Like any light-hearted Disney production, Zootopia oilers moments which will have audiences roaring with laughtcr. But fun isn't all Zootopia has to offer. Inside this delightful new Disney movie, there (40) _____________________ (beat) a serious heart.Section B (30 points)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(A)Sarah Brightman is a talented performer and singer with the ability to raise her voice to an operatic level easily. By (41) _____________ these gifts, she has successfully starred in(42) _________ such as The Phantom of the Opera and Cats.Bom in August, 1960, in England, Sarah Brightman stepped into the world of (43) ________ arts at the age of 13. She made her first theatrical performance in London in 1973・ At 16, she joined a British dance group and found herself performing on a TV show・ Two years later, Sarah's (44) ____________ went a step further when she became the lead vocalist with a musical group・ A short while after joining the music group, Sarah returned to theater, where she joined the original cast (1 寅员阵容)of Cats. She performed in this ever-popular (45) _________ for a year, and then in 1982, she took things to a whole new level by starring in an opera for children, Nightingale・A few years later, her increasing (46) ____________ and talent helped her win some very prestigious (声望高的)theatrical roles. She premiered (首次公演)in Andrew Lloyd Webber's Requiem (《安魂曲》)in London and New York, for which she received a Grammy nomination (捉名)as Best New Classical Artist. Later, Sarah and Andrew Lloyd Webber fell in love and soon got married・ After their marriage, Lloyd Webber (47) ________ his famous Phantom of the Opera,in which Sarah played the role of Christine. The musical was released in 1986 in London and eventually performed on Broadway in 1988・Their marriage eventually ended in 1990, but their charming music (48) _________ .In 1989, Sarah released her first solo CD, The Songs That Got Away, which was a great(49) ________ • Throughout the 1990s, she made m any top-selling albums. Many(50) ________ as well as audienee think she sounds like a beautiful mystery, with her powerful yetsoothing and fascinating voice.(B)Have you ever been so bored that you started a conversation with a "chatbot(聊天机器人广？You probably discovered quickly that it wasn't much fun, because the things it says hardly ever(51) ________ any sense and chatting with it doesn't provide the same kind of back-and-forth asa human conversation.That might have made you wonder: will a computer ever be able to talk like a human?That day is certainly getting closer now・ A computer program named "Eugene GoostmarT has successfully passed the Turing test 一by (52) _______________ people into thinking it was a13-year-old boy, reported AFP on June 9.While you may have never heard of the Turing test, it means a lot in the world of(53) ________ intelligence ・According to USA Today, the test was first invented in 1950 by Alan Turing, a British computer expert best known for his code-breaking work during World War IL In his test, a group of human judges take turns having keyboard conversations for five minutes with two(54) ________ — a human and a piece of computer software .If up to 30 percent of the judgesfail to (55) _________ the two apart, the program is considered to have passed the test."[If] a machine is indistinguishable from a human, then it could be said to be 'thinking, wrote Turing in his (56) ______________ Computing, Machinery & Intelligence back in 1950・No computer had ever passed the Turing test before. But this time, Eugene Goostman, developed by two Russian scientists to simulate (模扌以)a 13-year-old boy, managed to (57) 33 percent of judges that it was huma n.Machines are close to “(58) __________ the milestone of communicating with us in a waythat we are comfortable [with]，； Professor Kevin Warwick of the University of Reading, UK, told The Telegraph. "[This brings] closer the time in which robots start to play a(n) (59) ___________ role in our daily lives：Some people feel a bit disturbed by the news. They worry that computers will (60) humans in the near future and take over the world. But Warwick said that it isunlikely that this will happen any time soon. After all, computers have only just learned to have a five-minute conversation, while we humans can do so much more than that.IIL Reading ComprehensionSection A (15 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.You Can^t Cheat a HoneybeeJust as the smell of good food appeals to us, the fragrant(香的)smell of flowers, as well as their color and shape, attracts honeybees to collect nectar(花蜜)and thus carry out the cross pollination(授粉)needed for plants to reproduce.But for plants, nectar production is (61)__________ — it requires vital energy and nutrients,so some plants try to cheat honeybees out of their food reward by using the same attractive smells (62) ____________ to advertise poor quality nectar, or even none at all.Is it possible that honeybees are (63) _____________ by these cheats? No. Bees quickly(64) _________ which flowers produce the best nectar from the way they smell ，even when the smells are extremely (65) _________ ，a recent study by the scientists at Newcastle University in the UK, has shown.Led by biologist Geraldine Wright, the scientists exposed collected worker honeybees to two different odors (气味)based on natural floral compounds (花香化介物).One odor led to a food reward having more (66) _________ and the other food reward contained more salt. They found that the bees were able to tell the difference between the two odors based on their (67) _________ rewards.Wright explained that honeybees like sugary nectar and dislike salty nectar. How delicious, or awful-tasting, the food nectar is to them determines how strong the bees' (68) ___________ is for the (香味)signals.Their research shows that bees can learn about the signals related with nectar quality, and they have ways to (69) _____________ floral "cheaters ： They prefer (70) __________ Dto “visit the floral scents they've learned to associate with profitable (右丿 IJlKl) rewards 冷 Wright told the Discovery News.To honeybees, the smell signal is even more crucial than the (71) ________ of a flower.Wright explained: "When the floral scent isn't correct, (72) __________ the visual (视觉的) aspects of the flower are exactly the same, a bee will not visit it ：The study suggests that a bee's ability to learn which smells produce the best nectar may be the key to understanding how the smell of flowers has (73) ___________ in flowering plants.Tt forces flowering plants to be honest about the rewards they (74) _____________ a nd may even select for plants both with scented flowers and with high quality flowers/5 she said, "because these plants (75) _________ others in the floral market place ： 61.A. accidentalB. costly c. fertile D. stable 62.A. beneficiallyB. easily c. falsely D. illegally 63・ A. damaged B. fooled c. forced D. separated 64. A. admitB. distinguish c. prove D. rescue 65. A. idealB. natural c. similar D. strong 66. A. fatB. minerals c. protein D. sugar 67. A. associatedB. concentrated c. organized D. overlooked 6& A. foundationB. gift c. order D. preference 69. A. accessB. applaud c. attack D. avoid 70. A. fiirthermoreB. meanwhile c. instead D. otherwise 71. A. emotionsB. looks c. movements D. outlooks 72. A. as thoughB. even if c. in case D. so that 73・ A. ceased B. evolved c. faded D. varied 74. A. advertise B. deserve c. ignore D. receive 75・ A. capture B. energize c. outcompete D. overuseSection B (30 points)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America・ We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When wc were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see — the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving and never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once・ For the first two years in New York I was really lost 一having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to “the hard times".My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home・ I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences I have learned one important rule: almost all common troubles eventually go away! Something good is ceilain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little!I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy. 76・Upon leaving for America the author felt _____________________________ .A.amazedB. confused C・ excited D. worried77.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4?A.She attended a lot of job interviews.B.She helped her family with her English・C.She paid telephone bills for her family.D.She worked as a translato匚78.The author believes that __________ ・A.good things will happen if one keeps tryingB.her future will be free from troublesC.it is difficult to learn to become patientD.there are more good things than bad things(B)What brings a nation together? Of the four choices —shared values, language, history, and religion, it's shared values・ In our latest poll(民意调査)，seven out of 16 countries chose values as the greatest factor bringing a nation together, and six preferred language. Both choices scored high inthe poll, suggesting that our values and how we express them are closely linked. Still, history was not forgotten in some countries, particularly in Mexico and Russia. Even Canada and the United States chose national histories as the second-most important factor uniting their people. The biggest surprise? Not one country picked religion as its top choice・Shared values won out in...A. Language・B. Values. C・ History. D. Religion.80. In which country did language score the lowest in their national pride?A. Canada・B. India・C・ France・ D. America・81< According to the charts, shared values and language were considered equally important inA.AustraliaB. BrazilC. ChinaD. India82.What is surprising about the result of the opinion poll?A・ A country's values and how it is expressed are closely linked・B.Some people forgot the history of their own country.C.Religion is of least importance in bringing a nation together.D・ Canada has trouble in gaining national pride among its people・（C）For the recent college graduate, living in New York — the city of dreams and opportunity —is no easy feat （$E liU 易举的事）.As twentysomethings, we sacrifice having any semblance（有点类彳以）of savings to survive in a city that promises so much social and cultural variety. After all, when the bright lights of the big city call, who can refuse? For those who long for urban living at its best, New York is a siren, singing an irresistibly attractive song 一that is，until you're tempted in and, before you know it, you have spent 80 percent of your salary for rent（房租）.I always knew I would end up in New York. After college and a three-month time living rent-free in my unclJs apartment, I saved enough money to give up further financial assistance from my parents ・ If I was ever in a serious financial situation, I knew they would offer help, but after 10 years of private-school education at their expense, I didn^t want to come crawling back for an allowance（零用钱）.Besides, wasn't that the point of my expensive education — to adequately prepare me to take on the world and take care of myself? Financial independence means social freedom and absolute control over my own lif^・ Yet among my peers（同龄人）,I seem to be the only one who feels this way.Why? Because the majority of them receive some sort of financial assistance from their parents 一and few say they want to change anything about the way they live・One 25-year-old friend ——whose parents pay for more than half her rent, as well as giving her spending money 一had no intention to change her lifestyle for financial independence・Another, a 22-year-old who gets a portion of her rent paid by Mum and Dad, admitted she would be willing to cut back on "unnecessary spending/ but was reluctant to move out of Manhattan and into a more affordable district like Brooklyn or Queens.Higher rents and the need for deeper pockets are part of the charm associated with city living, but urban pricing aside, it is possible to live in any city regardless of your age or income; it just takes a little budgeting and prioritizing（确定优先顺丿芋），which may be unattractive, but sometimes necessary. It's easy to “keep up with the Joneses” when financial responsibility is someone clsc，s problem. The fact is, my peers who flood out of designer stores, with shopping bags in their hands, wouldn't be able to afford their purchases without ringing up a massive credit-card debt. By continuing to provide for their twentysomething kids, parents limit their children^ ability to be financially responsible・ If you don5t learn to budget early on, what will inspire you to do so when your finances become your own problem?83.The city life is attractive because _________ •A. it promises much social and cultural diversityB・ of its bright lights and irresistibly attractive songC・ of the high salary and various shopping areasD.the education in the city is of high quality84.The two examples of the author's peers in Para・ 3 mainly tell us that ________ .A.young people cannot live on their own just after graduation from collegeB.the parents are willing to financially assist their kids in their twentiesC・ the author \ peers spend too much on unnecessary thingsD. the author\ peers haven^t been financially independent and are reluctant to change theirlifestyles85.The underlined phrase "keep lip with the Joneses'，in Para・ 4 probably means ________ ・A. save as much money as othersB・ cam as much money as othersC・ look as rich as othersD. receive assistance from parents86.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The 25・year-old peer of the author is willing to change her lifestyle.B・ The 22-year-old peer of the author is financially independent.C・ Young people can't afford the city life because of high rent.D. The author calls on his peers to be financially responsible and independent.（D）Blind imitation（模仿）is sclMcstruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears a仕ractivc; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable・In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes（菜谱）and turned out some tasty dishes・ But soon I grew bored・ Why follow someone else5s way of cooking when 1 could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child's bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously（卜意识地）hold poor role models .If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities・ Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviours・Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have a fleeted you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas・ The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, "I stand on the shoulders of my ancestorstragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on?"87.Imitation proves useful when you __________ ・A. know you are uniqueB・ lose the balance of lifeC.begin to learn something newD.get tired of routine practice88.According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are _________ ・A. desperate to influence others with their knowledgeB・ ready to turn their original ideas into realityC・ eager to discover what their ancestors didD. willing to accept others' ideas89.The trouble a creator faces is •A. the lack of strong motivationB・ the absence of practical ideasC・ how to search for more materialsD. how to use imagination creatively90.What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A.To highlight the importance of creativity.B.To criticize the characters of role models.C・ To compare imitation with creation.D. To explain the meaning of success・Section C （8 points）Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze（凝视）at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, or artificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research （UCAR） in Boulder, Cole. But when people arc surrounded by city lights, he says, they're lucky to see 150 stars.If yotfve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow（发光）fi*om a great distance, you've witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, and other sources streams into space and illuminates（照亮）the night sky. This haze（烟雾）of light makes many stars invisible（看不见的）to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing（P兆塑星星）difficult・Dust and particles（微粒）of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects of light pollution. Tf one city has a lot more light pollution than another,^ Ward says, “that city will suffer the effects of light pol lution on a much greater scale.”Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs・ Cities arc getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring（使.. 变模糊）the faint light given off by distant stars. And if scientists carf t locate these objects, they can't learn more about them.Light pollution doesn't only affect star visibility. It can harm wildlife too. It's clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course・ There's increasing evidence, for example, that migrating（迁徙）birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr., a scientist at Clems on University in South Carolina. u Whe n light occurs at night," he says, "it has a damaging influence?9 Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high-rises, and cables from radio and television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every yea匚（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.）91< On what condition can a person see more than 14,000 stars on a clear night?92. The city of New York is mentioned in the passage to illustrate that _____________________ ・93< Nowadays even suburbs are becoming unsuitable for scientists to do their jobs because _____ 94. How does light pollution affect wildlife?。

上海高一高中英语期中考试带答案解析

上海高一高中英语期中考试班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、单项选择1.This memorial hall ______late in the 1930s in memory of this famous writer.A．built B．was being built C．would be built D．was built2.Qing Dynasty ______for more than 200 years.A．existed B．has existed C．was existed D．has been existed 3.The girl who ___ beautiful eyes _____a prize in yesterday’s singing contest.A．has…wins B．had…won C．having…won D．has…won4.The news that volunteer workers will go to homes for the aged ______now.A．is being talked about B．are being talked aboutC．is being talked D．are being talked5.They became friends again that day. Until then they ______to each other for nearly two years.A．didn’t speak B．hadn’t spokenC．haven’t spoken D．haven’t been speaking6. In the past few years, __________much improvement in the traffic.A．there has been B．there has had C．there have been D．there had been7.Here are some of the suggestions you need __________your hair.A．taking care of B．to be taken of C．to take care of D．take care of8.You’d better make an appointment with a hairdressing salon before you have your hair _____.A．cutting B．to cut C．cut D．to be cut9.Tourists have been recently gained access___ Angkor Wat by air and _____ has hotels nearby.A．to…it B．of…this C．to…which D．/…it10.When this boy was asked to copy down the sentence ten times, he did nothing but _____deeply with a blank look on his face.A．sigh B．sight C．sign D．signal11. Body language is widely used to ______our feelings and emotions to others by means of gestures and posture.A．carry B．fetch C．bring D．communicate12.Debbie’s smiling face can make her customers feel ______so you have to improve the way _____you deal with your customers.A．welcomed…/B．welcome…thatC．awkward…in that D．embarrassed…in which13. The child _______toothpaste out of a tube, ________it to the toothbrush and began to brush her teeth. A．applied…squeezed B．squeezed…applied C．pressed…put D．stressed…place 14.. The education system was once the ______of the country, but now it seems to be________.A．proud…in ruin B．pride…in ruinsC．remains…falling into ruin D．wonder…fall into ruins15. You should be well aware _____the fact that most interviewers have rich experience because they are in ________position in their companies.A．of…older B．on…younger C．on…junior D．of…senior16._____ the coach was twisting and turning _______ the bumpy country road, the travelers felt that they were pulling themselves apart.A．As…along B．While…away C．When…off D．Until…in二、信息匹配Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 9’this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of ___【1】___speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is ___【2】___through sign language in which motions___【3】___ for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of ___【4】___. Many of these symbols of whole words are very lively and exact and can be used ___【5】___; spelling, however, cannot.Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either___【6】___ or not. A wink can be a way of showing that the party is only joking. A nod means approval, while shaking the head indicates ___【7】___.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of ___【8】___ dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also ___【9】___and warn people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.三、完形填空There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the _ _ it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can _ _ p eople’s health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films __ __ doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effectsto exercise. It decreases blood pressure, the heart beat and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group thattolerated the pain for the time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish( 减少 ) both stress and pain.As a of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their pat ients’ condition by __ them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects to those caused by laughter.【1】A．harm B．strength C．effect D．good【2】A．help B．improve C．increase D．damage【3】A．if B．but C．while D．since【4】A．mental B．physical C．practical D．medical【5】A．guarantees B．applies C．maintains D．exercises【6】A．overlooked B．produced C．preserved D．ensured【7】A．remaining B．rest C．longest D．adequate【8】A．fact B．matter C．result D．sign【9】A．encouraging B．allowing C．assisting D．reminding【10】A．respectful B．subtle C．adaptable D．similar四、阅读理解1.To Chinese immigrants, in the mid-1800s, California was “The Land of the Golden Mountain.” In their homeland they had heard the words, “There’s gold in California.” They sailed 7,000miles to join the gold rush and strike it rich. Between 1849 and 1882, more than 30,000 Chinese came to California. Most were men. They had been farmers in China. They came here to be miners and laborers. They ended up doing many other jobs, too. Like many other immigrants, they did not plan to stay in America. They came because of their ties to their homeland and their families. They planned to return to China with their fortunes and help their families.Only a few Chinese gold miners struck it rich. Most picked over the areas that had been mined already. But still, white miners resented the Chinese. Slowly, they drove the “yellow peril” from the mining camps.By the end of the 1850s, many Chinese returned home. Those who stayed found other jobs.Few women had come west in the gold rush. The Chinese saw a good business opportunity. They began doing the jobs women would have done. Many became house servants. Many more opened laundries.The Chinese opened restaurants. Chop suey and show mein are popular Chinese-American dishes. The Chinese probably created these dishes to serve to the white miners. Other Chinese became fishermen, farmers, and even cigar makers.【1】Why did Chinese go to America in the mid-1800s?A．Because they could find good jobs there.B．Because they had found gold there.C．Because they could open laundries and restaurants there.D．Because they heard there was gold there.【2】The underlined word “resented”(L.2,Para.3 ) mean “________”.A．liked B．helped C．hated D．served【3】Which should be the title of the passage?A．Early Chinese immigrants in AmericaB．Dream to strike it richC．The difference between men and womenD．Gold miners in America2.My father was Chief engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World War II. The bookNight of the U-boats told the story.MemoriesIn September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him sail.Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo(鱼雷).I can remember the arrival of the telegram(电报),which in those days always brought bad news. My grand- mother opened it. It read, “Safe, Love Ted.”My most vivid memory is be ing woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story.TorpedoOne torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck firm. When he tried to cut it free it swung against the ship, injuring his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph. In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue? Lest（以免）we forget, I havesome more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.【1】We can infer(推断) that the mother and children went to Swansea ________.A．to meet a friendB．to see the father offC．to take a family photoD．to enjoy the sailing of the ship【2】What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?A．he was still alive.B．His knee was broken.C．His ship had been sunk.D．He had arrived in Glasgow.【3】What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attacked?A．He lost his armB．He repaired the engines.C．He managed to take a lifeboat.D．He was the last to leave the ship.【4】What is the passage mainly about?A．A group of forgotten heroesB．A book describing a terrifying battle.C．A ship engineer’s wartime experience.D．A merchant’s memories of a sea rescue.3.Over a period of time, many habitats (栖息地)change with respect to the types of plants and animals that live there. This change is known as succession.Succession occurs because plants and animals cause a change in the environment in which they live. The first weeds and grasses that appear on a bare field, for example, change the environment by shielding the soil from direct sunlight. As these plants spread, the ground becomes cooler and more moist than it was originally. Thus, the environment at the ground surface has been changed. The new surface conditions favor the sprouting（产生）of shrubs. As shrubs grow, they kill the grasses by preventing light from reaching them and also enhance (增加)the soil. Pine seedlings (苗)soon take hold and as they grow, they in turn shade out the shrubs. They are not able to shade out oak and hickory (山核桃)seedlings, however, that have found the forest floor suitable. These seedlings grew into large trees that eventually shade out the pines.【1】The best title of this passage is _____.A．The Importance of Weeds and GrassesB．The Success of Oak and HickoryC．How Environmental Habitats ChangeD．Animal and Plant Habitats【2】It can be inferred (推理) from the passage that ______.A．oak and hickory trees grow taller than pinesB．weeds and grasses prefer cold climateC．pines and grasses can exist togetherD．birds encourage the growth of shrubs【3】 Which of the following is a stage of succession as described in the passage?A．A forest cut down to build an airport.B．A flood washing away a crop of wheatC．Wild flowers growing in an unused parking lotD．Animals being tamed (驯服)by children五、其他1.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.【1】什么样的发型适合她的脸型？（suit）【2】在炎热的夏日里,保护食物最有效的方法之一是把食物放在冰箱里。

上海高一高中英语期中考试带答案解析

上海高一高中英语期中考试班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、其他1.As a boy，Tim was much influenced by books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor 【1】 a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic of a local doctor【2】 he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying【3】 (listen) to the conversations【4】 (take place) between the doctor and his patients in the next room.During the war Tim served in the Navy as a surgeon（外科医生）.“That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and【5】the whole making a success of it .”In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He【6】 (prove) his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was serving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area,【7】 who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the younger man many opportunities to go on【8】 (work) working as a life –saver.2.An American novelist Jonathan Franzen tells readers that he appreciated real, printed newspa pers more “as the Internet rose to power, disseminating information that could be trusted as little as it cost to read it.”That’s 【1】 turn of phrase that we could apply to the discussion of Internet rumors(谣言)and their impact: this kind of information can【2】(trust) as little as it costs to read it. That is, we can’t trust it at all. Franzen may be overstating the case to make a point. There are, after all, plenty of ways that the Internet has provided access to information that is trustworthy and accurate, not to mention helpful. The problem is【3】 the Internet also has flooded our lives with less accurate and less trustworthy material.“Digital literacy”is the name for this 21st century skill, and it is becoming as fundamentally important a s literacy itself. So【4】 do we tell the real from the false?Like anything, it takes practice at asking questions and, above all, paying attention to details【5】 (give) already. Who is the author? Do you know a real name or just a username(用户名)?Why【6】 you trust this person? Does he or she provide some credentials (证明)? There are big differences in the domains, and it is important to understand【7】 .It was【8】 (easy) to tell a trustworthy source in the days before the Internet. Then, we all knew which newspapers had the highest standards and which ones were more for sensation and entertainment than for real news and commentary.3.Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Bullying (欺负) can take a variety of forms, from the verbal being taunted or called hurtful names to the physical being kicked or shoved, as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded (排除)from social groups. A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experienceof bullying, in which about one in ten cases was persistent(执意的). There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly recalcitrant. Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully rare. Victimized pupils are more likely to experiencedifficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent, and convicted of anti-social offences.Until recently, little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem. “There is no bullying at this school” has been a common r efrain, almost certainly untrue. Fortunately more schools are now saying: “There is not much bullying here, but when it occurs we have a clear policy for dealing with it.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN ELEVEN WORDS)【1】According to the first paragraph, the fact that _________________ belongs to an indirect form of bullying. 【2】The survey the author conducted indicates that as students grow older, ______________.【3】Bullying is likely to cause ________________ feelings among victimized children.【4】One possible reason why schools denied the problem of bullying was ______________.4.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the word given in the bracket for each respective sentence.【1】电脑的发明对人们的生活产生了重大影响。

2022-2023学年上海市上海中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷含详解

上海中学2022学年第二学期期中考试英语试卷I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which!one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Husband and wife. B.Boss and assistant.C.Nurse and patient.D.Manager and customer.2.A.At a post office. B.At a flower shop.C.At a department store.D.At a bus station.3.A.He is unemployed at present. B.He owns a company now.C.He still works in the agency.D.He is unable to support his family.4.A.At10:00. B.At10:20. C.At11:00. D.At11:20.5.A.Satisfied. B.Relieved. C.Surprised. D.Excited.6.A.The woman didn’t post any postcard from Egypt.B.The man has never collected any postcards.C.The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday.D.The man begins to take up collecting postcards.7.A.She can’t afford that much for a trip.B.She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C.She doesn’t think5,000dollars is enough for the trip.D.She considers5,000dollars only a small sum of money.8.A.He wants to buy the new car. B.He thinks his signature is necessary.C.He has already signed a contract.D.He doesn’t always say what he means.9.A.The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.B.The man must have advised the woman to wear the seat belt.C.The woman was likely to have got seriously injured in the car accident.D.The woman wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.10.A.Violence sports are the source of social instability.B.Violence sports are to blame for crime and school bullying.C.Violence sports serve as an escape for negative emotions.D.Violence sports won’t attract many people’s interest in the long run.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages,and you will be asked several questions on the conversation and each of the passages.The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions LI through13are based on the following passage.11.A.To explain a new requirement for graduation.B.To interest students in a community service projectC.To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D.To involve elementary school teachers in a special program.12.A.Providing jobs for graduating students.B.Helping education majors prepare for final exams.C.Offering tutorials(辅导材料)to elementary school students.D.Funding for a community service project.13.A.He teaches part-time in a local elementary school.B.He observes elementary school students in the classroom.C.He helps students who need consult prepare their resume.D.He gives support to students who participate in a special program.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They want to eat in a fashionable way like young people.B.They prefer to eat food that is tastier and more widely accepted.C.They become aware of the harm processed foods do to health.D.They try to change their way of processing foods little by little.15.A.They contain not too many chemical additives.B.They are cultivated in the soil rich in organic matters.C.They produce as many calories as processed foods.D.They are usually grown in commercial farming areas.16.A.They are allowed to move about and eat freelyB.They are tasty though kept in the crowded bundingC.They can hardly grow in a healthy way without good food.D.They produce eggs which usually contain important vitaminsQuestions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.It was on a cross street. B.They had no time to see it.C.It had no parking space.D.They weren’t in favor of it.18.A.It is too small in size. B.It blocks the air-conditioner.C.It admits heat from the late afternoon sun.D.It stops the sun beating down on the curtains.19.A.Parking and desk space. B.Parking and air-conditioning.C.Privacy and cleanliness.D.A cheerful kitchen and a separate dining area.20.A.The one on68th Street. B.The one on72nd Street.C.The one on88th Street.D.The one on80th Street.Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection A:Multiple choicesDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1.________8.4on the Richter scale,the earthquake________left thousands of people homeless.A.Measured,happenedB.Measured,happeningC.Measuring,that happenedD.Measuring,to happen2.According to the study’s lead author,the finding is________there isn’t just one single health-related consequence of consuming coffee,________that the reality is more complicated than that.A./,inB.that,/C./,providedD.that,but3.The great majority of research on the topic has been observational,________we just look at________happens to people who do and don’t drink coffee.A.meant;whichB.meaning;whatC.which meant;whatD.meaning;which4.________a better idea of coffee’s immediate health effects,the authors found100healthy adults________39on average.A.To get,agingB.Having got,agedC.To get,agedD.Getting,aging5.Spring________still nearly a month away,the________students are likely to get back soon.A.is,remainingB.being,remainingC.is,remainedD.being,remained6.________you have access to stairs,there are numerous exercises you can do________just two stairs.A.Unless,to useB.While,usingC.If,usingD.When,use7.When stretching your legs or arm muscles,you can use the stability of your central core muscles to ensure the rest of the body________in proper alignment(排成直线).A.to stayB.stayingC.stayedD.stays8.The expert gives patients this idea________they need to walk30minutes a day,but a lot of arthritis patients fear to exercise________they may find doing so initially painful.A.which,whenB.that,asC./,becauseD.that,so9.Bear in mind________there is a will there is a way,so it is never too late to start so long as you are________ready to give yourself an opportunity.A.that;soB.where;tooC.that where;tooD.that if;so10.Some experts say that________to a variety of foods without pesticides(农药)is especially important throughout childhood.A.exposingB.exposedC.having been exposedD.being exposed11.Although masks can reduce the transmission of COVID-19,we should turn to healthier lifestyle choices________decrease the risks of heart disease.A.in order thatB.such as toC.so as toD.so that12.It has been10years________I read an interesting book about dietary supplements.I found it particularly beneficial before________other practical suggestions.A.before,givingB.since,being givenC.after,givingD.since,given13.Pie,pita,torta,tarte.________it’s called,the idea applies across the globe because everyone loves a piece of filled,________goodness.A.However,bakedB.No matter how,bakingC.No matter what,bakedD.Whatever,baking14.Classic American apple and cherry varieties might be the first dishes________to mind________the word“pie”is mentioned.A.to come,whening,provided thatC.that came,whenD.to come,on the grounds that15.Considering the tight schedule,I decided to accept his advice on me________a couple of hours’sleep on the plane.A.to grabB.having grabbedC.grabbingD.grabbed16.The show will________this week at the Moscone Center in San Francisco.Shall we have dinner together after watching the show?A.bounce awayB.leave offC.hang outD.kick offually,I feel exhausted after a tiring day so when I get home I like to________on the sofa and listen to music.A.collapseB.breatheC.embraceD.bend18.Concerned about the worst drought on record,the farmers________the government for help.A.turned overB.crowded outC.appealed toD.knocked down19.You can imagine how many people must have sacrificed their precious lives in the________of the American West considering the unfavorable conditions at that time.A.entertainmentB.measurementC.arrangementD.settlement20.It was a pity that he was________in the selection process for the director of the admissions office.He had been hoping for the position for a long time.A.sliced offB.passed overC.settled downD.crowded aroundSection B:VocabularyDirection:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.shortB.flavorC.specificallyD.impressiveE.efficientlyAB.emphasis AC.stuck AD.involved AE.consumed BC.impactBD.declineThere’s no cure or proven way to prevent dementia(痴呆),but a number of studies have said that following a Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of developing the condition.The Mediterranean diet has a(n)____21____list of science behind it.This way of eating can prevent cognitive(认知的)____22____but also help the heart,reduces diabetes,prevent bone loss,encourage weight loss and more,studies have found.A study published on March8revealed people who____23____foods from the Mediterranean and brain-focused MIND diets had fewer of the typical signs of Alzheimer’s.The MIND diet is____24____for Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay.The Mediterranean diet focuses on plant-based cooking.The majority of each meal should be fruits and vegetables, whole grains,beans and seeds,along with a few nuts.There is a heavy____25____on extra-virgin(特级初榨的)olive oil.Meat can make a rare appearance and usually only to____26____a dish.Instead,meals may include eggs,dairy and poultry,but in much smaller portions than in the traditional Western diet.Participants who____27____most closely to the diet were more likely to be female,have a BMI within the healthy range,have a higher educational level,and be more physically active than those with lower persistence in the diet.David Curtis,an honorary professor at UCL Genetics Institute in London,who was not____28____in the research, noted that the latest study was observational and did not uncover cause and effect.The finding could reflect a generally more healthy lifestyle,he said.“It is not clear that such a diet itself reduces dementia risk,although it is reasonable that it might do so.It is important to note that the study concerns all forms of dementia,not____29____Alzheimer’s disease.In my opinion,if there is an effect of diet then it is more likely to be on cardiovascular(心血管的)health in general and hence to_____30_____ dementia due to disease of blood vessels rather than Alzheimer’s disease.”Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection A:ClozeDirection:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.February is an exciting month for our Courageous Kitchen(CK)!One of our founders,Dwight Turner will be speaking at the press conference this week.The event is hosted by the Thailand Authority of Tourism(TAT).Here’s a peek into TAT’s interview with Dwight,where he discusses starting Courageous Kitchen,and____31____his personal passion for food with his mission to feed and educate more children in Bangkok.1.How did you start CK and what is your____32____?Courageous Kitchen began because I was looking for a way to____33____in my free time,but I didn’t know what to do.When a friend invited me to help teach English in a few poorer communities,I fell in love with it.Gradually I wanted to ____34____more and more.Later when I moved outside of the city center,we had space for a kitchen and I began to combine my two____35____. Quickly we learned that the kitchen is a great classroom.Students who were shy about speaking English suddenly had____36____,an application,and an urgency to speak in the kitchen.As their language skills improved,so did their____37____.2.Why do you use food as a medium to help you achieve your goals?I love to eat and Bangkok is full of food and food enthusiasts.So it’s a great way to get people’s attention and bring them together for a____38____.This is true even when it may seem like we don’t have anything____39____.We may speak a different language,have different skin color,but when we sit at the table together,we share and learn about each other.3.What do you think of Thai food?What makes Thai cuisine outstanding to you?I love Thai food because of the_____40_____of influences on the cuisine.There is such a significant Indian influence, the Chinese influence is probably the strongest,and there’s an interesting impact from the hill tribes and neighboring countries in the region as well.4.Why are you interested in helping society,and helping underprivileged kids in Bangkok?As a Black American I was raised with a strong sense of social_____41_____that all people are valuable,and that all people should be treated equally.Until this becomes a(n)_____42_____,we have a lot of work to do to create a better future for today’s kids.That’s true all over the world,but trying to solve global problems can seem_____43_____.That’swhy it’s best to start by being the change we want to see in our local communities.5.As a nonprofit,what do you expect to get in return for you work?As a nonprofit,my job is challenging but_____44_____every day.It’s a challenge to captivate people’s attention long enough to sympathize with people in need,and convince them to take action._____45_____,seeing students,who may have never been in a real restaurant before,imagining themselves as chefs,speaking English more confidently,and becoming leaders in their families is a pretty great reward.31.A.challenging B.appealing C.encountering D.connecting32.A.interest B.objective C.reason D.appetite33.A.give back B.look out C.hang on D.break out34.A.grab B.crush C.contribute D.insist35.A.opinions B.experiences C.hobbies D.passions36.A.situation B.context C.practice D.activity37.A.relief B.belief C.confidence D.breath38.A.union B.strategy C.gathering D.purpose39.A.in mind B.in hand C.in common D.in pocket40.A.liberation B.diversity C.freedom D.isolation41.A.justice B.responsibility C.judgement D.shock42.A.means B.reality C.interpretation D.argument43.A.boring B.inviting C.overwhelming D.disappointing44.A.appealing B.rewarding C.convincing D.pleasing45.A.However B.Furthermore C.Consequently D.ThereforeSection B:Reading comprehensionDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For38-year-old Justin Herald,the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir."You have an attitude problem,"she told him.The accusation sparked something in him,and he borrowed$50from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan:"I don't have an attitude problem;you have a perception problem.""It was the best$50I ever spent,"laughs Herald.By the end of the morning,he had sold three of the four T-shirts.With the money he made,he had another six printed,then12,then24."That first year the earning were$98,000,"he says.His business,Attitude Inc.,is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in3,500storesacross Australia.His business was due to not just clever marketing-the public loved the slogan-but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry,and he was in the right place at the right time.The media spotlight also helped,with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business:the night of one TV appearance,187stores rang to get his products into their stores.Herald sold the business three years ago,by which time it was turning over$30million a year,and now spends his time as a motivational speaker.His message:anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it."You have to have a lot of stickability,because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children,Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth."I have lived here since I left school at16,"he says."In this area,you don't forget where you came from."46.Why does Herald think it was the best$50he ever spent?A.Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirtB.Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.C.Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.D.Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.47.According to Herald,the success of his business resulted from_________.A.good timing and cooperationB.business sense and luckC.fierce competition and passionD.family background and motivation48.The underlined word"stickability"（paragraph6）is closest in meaning to_________.petenceB.conscienceC.persistenceD.fortune49.The best title for the passage might be_________A.Attitude Pays OffB.No Bravery,No GainsC.Start a BusinessD.Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself(B)In Factfulness,Professor Hans Roslingasks raisesquestions like‘How many girls finish school?’and‘Whatpercentage of the world’s population is poor?’It turns out thatthe majority of us get the answers to these questionscompletely wrong.Why does this happen?Factfulness sets outto explain why,showing that there are several human instinctsthat distort(扭曲)our perspective.This book focuses on ourinstinctive biases(偏见),offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world.Are things getting worse every day?Is progress an impossible goal?In Enlightenment Now,Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news.We are living longer,healthier,freer and happier lives.Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world.Instead,he shows us some carefully selected data.In75surprising graphs,we see that safety,peace,knowledge and health are getting better all over the world.Economic inequality,he claims,is not really a problem,because it is not actually that important for human well-being.For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate.They tell us that things are getting worse.But as a matter of fact,life is getting better.Income,food availability and lifespan are rising; disease,violence and child mortality are falling.Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn’t only explain how things are getting better;he gives us reasons why as well.He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization.This bold book looks at the entirety of human history-from the Stone Age to the21st century—and changes the concept that it’s all going downhill.The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation:suffering from incredible poverty and wars.The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past20years,more than700million people have increased their income and come out of poverty.This is happening across developing countries around the world.In his book The Great Surge,Stevens Radelet describes how all ofthis is happening and,more importantly,it shows us how wecan speed up the process.50.What is the common feature of the four books?A.They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries.B.They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries.C.They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development.D.They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries.51.Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence?A.Hans Roslingasks.B.Steven Pinker.C.Matt Ridley.D.Stevens Radelet.52.Which of the following can be a possible title for Book3?A.The Rational Optimist.B.Human History:Where Are We?C.A Public Debate.D.Out of Povetty:What and How?(C)From Smells to SoundtracksWhen a young sawfly,a bee-like insect,is threatened by its attackers like ants,it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself.These emissions can seriously annoy a potential enemy.Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds—to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why—face great challenges.Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out.There are also a very limited quantity of the insects’emissions.On the side,Jean-Luc Boevé,a zoologist who studies insects,from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences,is an amateur musician and composer.He decided to try a different way—the sound approach.“To be honest,I considered this project so unpractical myself that I set it aside,”he said.It was months before Boevéand his partner,Rudi Giot,finally made a resolution to get started on it.They chose16sawfly species’emissions to translate into sounds.First,they figured out which molecules(分子)were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts.Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules matching properties of sound.For example,smaller molecules like a kind of acid found in vinegar,a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate(挥发)quickly,so Boevéand Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch(音高).Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds.In all,the scientists created individual audio descriptions for20molecules.Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack.If a molecule was of higher proportion in an emission,they assigned it a higher volume.In such a case,the smaller a molecule is,the higher its pitch will be;and the higher the proportion of a molecule is,the higher its volume will be.To test out the audio descriptions they created,Boevéand Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks andcompared them to ants’reactions to the original smells.They played the16emission soundtracks and the20molecule sounds through speakers to about50study participants.Then the scientists measured how far people backed up to get to a “comfortable position”away from the noise.Most of the study volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch,as well as the high volume,was what made them withdraw.“Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,”the researchers wrote.Boevésaid he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’chemical defenses with those from other insects.It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most.53.What do we know about Boevéfrom paragraph2?A.He was devoted to the research for several months.B.He started a new approach after months’hesitation.C.He came up with a creative idea thanks to a composer.D.He was faced with difficulties in studying rare sawflies.54.What can be concluded in terms of the sound approach?A.The volume of sounds is based on the proportion of molecules.B.Smaller molecules and lower pitch share similar characteristics.C.Audio descriptions of the molecules can be divided into16kinds.D.Participants were required to compare the sounds with the smells.55.From paragraphs4and5,we can learn that________.A.the soundtracks are more than what humans are likely to bearB.the ants dislike the sounds as much as humans hate the smellsC.humans’reactions to the sounds resemble ants’responses to the smellsD.other zoologists are looking for innovative ways of studying molecules56.This passage is mainly intended to________.A.explain ways to transfer smells into soundtracksB.introduce research on sawfly’s effect on humansC.demonstrate a scientific study on insects’smellsD.test out people’s reaction to various soundtracks(D)A recent study published in the journal Science Advances has revealed that the United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution.The new research challenges the once-held assumption that the US is adequately“managing”its plastic waste.A previous study using2010data that did not account for plastic waste exports had ranked the US20th,globally,in its contribution to ocean plastic pollution.Using plastic waste generation(产生)data from2016—the latest available global numbers—scientists calculated that more than half of all plastics collected for recycling(1.99million tons of3.91million tons collected)in the US were shipped abroad.Of this,88%of exports went to countries struggling to effectively manage plastics;and between15-25% was low-value or contaminated(受污染的).It means it was unrecyclable.Taking these factors into account,the researchers estimated that up to1million tons of US-generated plastic waste ended up polluting the environment beyond its own borders.Using2016data,the paper also estimated that between0.91and1.25million tons of plastic waste generated in the US was either littered or illegally dumped into the environment bined with waste exports,this means the US contributed up to2.25million tons of plastics into the environment.Of this,up to1.5million tons of plastics ended up in coastal environments.This ranks the US as high as third globally in contributing to coastal plastic pollution.“The US generates the most plastic waste of any other country in the world,but rather than looking the problem in the eye,we have outsourced it to developing countries,”said Nick Mallos,senior director of Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas program and a co-author of the study.“The solution has to start at home.We need to create less,by cutting out unnecessary single-use plastics;we need to create better,by developing innovative new ways to package and deliver goods; and where plastics are inevitable,we need to greatly improve our recycling rates.”“Previous research has provided global values for plastic input into the environment and coastal areas,but detailed analyses like this one are important for individual countries to further assess their contributions,”said Dr.Jenna Jambeck, Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia’s College of Engineering and a co-author of the study.“In the case of the United States,it is critically important that we examine our own backyard and take responsibility for our global plastic footprint.”pared with the previous study,the new one________.A.covers data more comprehensivelyB.excludes plastic waste shipped abroadC.is contrary to the latest global numbersD.challenges the recycling way of plastics58.According to2016data,what can be learned about the plastic waste generated in the US?A.Over half of it ended up polluting the environment outside the US.B.Most of its exported plastic waste wasn’t worth recycling.C.Less than half of it was actually recycled domestically.D.More of it is littered or illegally dumped than exported.59.It is implied by Nick Mallos that________.A.plastic pollution in developing countries is more serious has been irresponsible in dealing with its plastic waste。

上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．________ 8.4 on the Richter scale, the earthquake ________ left thousands of people homeless.A．Measured, happened B．Measured, happening C．Measuring, that happened D．Measuring, to happen2．According to the study’s lead author, the finding is________ there isn’t just one single health-related consequence of consuming coffee, ________that the reality is more complicated than that.A．/, in B．that, /C．/, provided D．that, but 3．The great majority of research on the topic has been observational, ________ we just look at ________ happens to people who do and don’t drink coffee.A．meant; which B．meaning; what C．which meant; what D．meaning; which 4．________ a better idea of coffee’s immediate health effects, the authors found 100 healthy adults ________ 39 on average.A．To get, aging B．Having got, aged C．To get, aged D．Getting, aging 5．Spring________ still nearly a month away, the________ students are likely to get back soon.A．is, remaining B．being, remaining C．is, remained D．being, remained 6．________you have access to stairs, there are numerous exercises you can do________ just two stairs.A．Unless, to use B．While, using C．If, using D．When, use 7．When stretching your legs or arm muscles, you can use the stability of your central core muscles to ensure the rest of the body ________in proper alignment (排成直线).A．to stay B．staying C．stayed D．stays8．The expert gives patients this idea________ they need to walk 30 minutes a day, but a lot of arthritis patients fear to exercise ________they may find doing so initially painful. A．which, when B．that, as C．/, because D．that, so 9．Bear in mind ________ there is a will there is a way, so it is never too late to start so longas you are ________ ready to give yourself an opportunity.A．that; so B．where; too C．that where; too D．that if; so 10．Some experts say that ________ to a variety of foods without pesticides (农药) is especially important throughout childhood.A．exposing B．exposed C．having been exposed D．being exposed 11．Although masks can reduce the transmission of COVID-19, we should turn to healthier lifestyle choices ________decrease the risks of heart disease.A．in order that B．such as to C．so as to D．so that12．It has been 10 years________I read an interesting book about dietary supplements. I found it particularly beneficial before________ other practical suggestions.A．before, giving B．since, being given C．after, giving D．since, given 13．Pie, pita, torta, tarte. ________it’s called, the idea applies across the globe because everyone loves a piece of filled, ________goodness.A．However, baked B．No matter how, bakingC．No matter what, baked D．Whatever, baking14．Classic American apple and cherry varieties might be the first dishes ________ to mind ________ the word “pie” is mentioned.A．to come, when B．coming, provided thatC．that came, when D．to come, on the grounds that 15．Considering the tight schedule, I decided to accept his advice on me________ a couple of hours’ sleep on the plane.A．to grab B．having grabbed C．grabbing D．grabbed 16．The show will________ this week at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. Shall we have dinner together after watching the show?A．bounce away B．leave off C．hang out D．kick off 17．Usually, I feel exhausted after a tiring day so when I get home I like to________ on the sofa and listen to music.A．collapse B．breathe C．embrace D．bend 18．Concerned about the worst drought on record, the farmers________ the government for help.A．turned over B．crowded out C．appealed to D．knocked down 19．You can imagine how many people must have sacrificed their precious lives inthe________ of the American West considering the unfavorable conditions at that time. A．entertainment B．measurement C．arrangement D．settlement 20．It was a pity that he was________ in the selection process for the director of the admissions office. He had been hoping for the position for a long time.A．sliced off B．passed over C．settled down D．crowded around二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Direction: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canThere’s no cure or proven way to prevent dementia (痴呆), but a number of studies have said that following a Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of developing the condition. Thebone loss, encourage weight loss and more, studies have found.A study published on March 8 revealed people who ____23____ foods from the Mediterranean and brain-focused MIND diets had fewer of the typical signs of Alzheimer’s. The MIND diet is ____24____ for Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay.The Mediterranean diet focuses on plant-based cooking. The majority of each meal should be fruits and vegetables, whole grains, beans and seeds, along with a few nuts. There is a heavy ____25____ on extra-virgin (特级初榨的) olive oil.Meat can make a rare appearance and usually only to ____26____ a dish. Instead, meals may include eggs, dairy and poultry, but in much smaller portions than in the traditional Western diet.Participants who ____27____ most closely to the diet were more likely to be female, have a BMI within the healthy range, have a higher educational level, and be more physically active than those with lower persistence in the diet.David Curtis, an honorary professor at UCL Genetics Institute in London, who was not____28____ in the research, noted that the latest study was observational and did not uncover cause and effect. The finding could reflect a generally more healthy lifestyle, he said.“It is not clear that such a diet itself reduces dementia risk, although it is reasonable that it might do so. It is important to note that the study concerns all forms of dementia, not____29____ Alzheimer’s disease. In my opinion, if there is an effect of diet then it is more likely to be on cardiovascular (心血管的) health in general and hence to _____30_____ dementia due to disease of blood vessels rather than Alzheimer’s disease.”三、完形填空February is an exciting month for our Courageous Kitchen(CK)! One of our founders, Dwight Turner will be speaking at the press conference this week. The event is hosted by the Thailand Authority of Tourism(TAT).Here’s a peek into TAT’s interview with Dwight, where he discusses starting Courageous Kitchen, and ____31____ his personal passion for food with his mission to feed and educate more children in Bangkok.1. How did you start CK and what is your ____32____ ?Courageous Kitchen began because I was looking for a way to ____33____ in my free time, but I didn’t know what to do. When a friend invited me to help teach English in a few poorer communities, I fell in love with it. Gradually I wanted to ____34____ more and more.Later when I moved outside of the city center, we had space for a kitchen and I began to combine my two ____35____. Quickly we learned that the kitchen is a great classroom. Students who were shy about speaking English suddenly had ____36____, an application, and an urgency to speak in the kitchen. As their language skills improved, so did their____37____.2. Why do you use food as a medium to help you achieve your goals?I love to eat and Bangkok is full of food and food enthusiasts. So it’s a great way to get people’s attention and bring them together for a ____38____. This is true even when it may seem like we don’t have anything ____39____. We may speak a different language, have different skin color, but when we sit at the table together, we share and learn about each other.3. What do you think of Thai food? What makes Thai cuisine outstanding to you?I love Thai food because of the _____40_____ of influences on the cuisine. There issuch a significant Indian influence, the Chinese influence is probably the strongest, and there’s an interesting impact from the hill tribes and neighboring countries in the region as well.4. Why are you interested in helping society, and helping underprivileged kids in Bangkok?As a Black American I was raised with a strong sense of social _____41_____ that all people are valuable, and that all people should be treated equally. Until this becomes a(n) _____42_____, we have a lot of work to do to create a better future for today’s kids. That’s true all over the world, but trying to solve global problems can seem _____43_____. That’s why it’s best to start by being the change we want to see in our local communities.5. As a nonprofit, what do you expect to get in return for you work?As a nonprofit, my job is challenging but _____44_____ every day. It’s a challenge to captivate people’s attention long enough to sympathize with people in need, and convince them to take action. _____45_____, seeing students, who may have never been in a real restaurant before, imagining themselves as chefs, speaking English more confidently, and becoming leaders in their families is a pretty great reward.31．A．challenging B．appealing C．encountering D．connecting 32．A．interest B．objective C．reason D．appetite 33．A．give back B．look out C．hang on D．break out 34．A．grab B．crush C．contribute D．insist 35．A．opinions B．experiences C．hobbies D．passions 36．A．situation B．context C．practice D．activity 37．A．relief B．belief C．confidence D．breath 38．A．union B．strategy C．gathering D．purpose 39．A．in mind B．in hand C．in common D．in pocket 40．A．liberation B．diversity C．freedom D．isolation 41．A．justice B．responsibility C．judgement D．shock 42．A．means B．reality C．interpretation D．argument 43．A．boring B．inviting C．overwhelming D．disappointing 44．A．appealing B．rewarding C．convincing D．pleasing 45．A．However B．Furthermore C．Consequently D．Therefore四、阅读理解For 38-year-old Justin Herald, the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir. "You have an attitude problem," she told him.The accusation sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: "I don't have an attitude problem; you have a perception problem.""It was the best $50 I ever spent," laughs Herald. By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. "That first year the earning were $98,000," he says.His business, Attitude Inc., is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in 3,500 stores across Australia. His business was due to not just clever marketing - the public loved the slogan - but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.The media spotlight also helped, with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business: the night of one TV appearance, 187 stores rang to get his products into their stores.Herald sold the business three years ago, by which time it was turning over $30 million a year, and now spends his time as a motivational speaker. His message: anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it. "You have to have a lot of stickability, because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children, Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth. "I have lived here since I left school at 16," he says. "In this area, you don't forget where you came from."46．Why does Herald think it was the best $50 he ever spent?A．Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirtB．Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.C．Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.D．Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.47．According to Herald, the success of his business resulted from _________.50．What is the common feature of the four books?A．They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries.B．They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries.C．They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development.D．They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries. 51．Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence?A．Hans Roslingasks.B．Steven Pinker.C．Matt Ridley.D．Stevens Radelet. 52．Which of the following can be a possible title for Book 3?A．The Rational Optimist.B．Human History: Where Are We?C．A Public Debate.D．Out of Povetty: What and How?From Smells to SoundtracksWhen a young sawfly, a bee-like insect, is threatened by its attackers like ants, it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself. These emissions can seriously annoy a potential enemy.Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds—to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why—face great challenges. Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out. There are also a very limited quantity of the insects’ emissions. On the side, Jean-Luc Boevé, a zoologist who studies insects, from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, is an amateur musician and composer. He decided to try a different way—the sound approach. “To be honest, I considered this project so unpractical myself that I set it aside,” he said. It was months before Boevé and his partner, Rudi Giot, finally made a resolution to get started on it.They chose 16 sawfly species’ emissions to translate into sounds. First, they figured out which molecules (分子) were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts. Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules matching properties of sound. For example, smaller molecules like a kind of acid found in vinegar, a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate (挥发) quickly, so Boevé and Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch ( 音高). Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds. In all, the scientists created individual audio descriptions for 20 molecules. Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack. If a molecule was of higher proportion in an emission, they assigned it a higher volume. In such a case, the smaller a molecule is, the higher its pitch will be; and the higher the proportion of a molecule is, the higher its volume will be.To test out the audio descriptions they created, Boevé and Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks and compared them to ants’ reactions to the original smells. They played the 16 emission soundtracks and the 20 molecule sounds through speakers to about 50 study participants. Then the scientists measured how far people backed up to get to a “comfortable position” away from the noise. Most of the study volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch, as well as the high volume, was what made them withdraw. “Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,” the researchers wrote.Boevé said he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’ chemical defenses with those from other insects. It may also offer researchers cluesabout which molecules fight off enemies most.53．What do we know about Boevé from paragraph 2?A．He was devoted to the research for several months.B．He started a new approach after months’ hesitation.C．He came up with a creative idea thanks to a composer.D．He was faced with difficulties in studying rare sawflies.54．What can be concluded in terms of the sound approach?A．The volume of sounds is based on the proportion of molecules.B．Smaller molecules and lower pitch share similar characteristics.C．Audio descriptions of the molecules can be divided into 16 kinds.D．Participants were required to compare the sounds with the smells.55．From paragraphs 4 and 5, we can learn that ________.A．the soundtracks are more than what humans are likely to bearB．the ants dislike the sounds as much as humans hate the smellsC．humans’ reactions to the sounds resemble ants’ responses to the smellsD．other zoologists are looking for innovative ways of studying molecules56．This passage is mainly intended to ________.A．explain ways to transfer smells into soundtracksB．introduce research on sawfly’s effect on humansC．demonstrate a scientific study on insects’smellsD．test out people’s reaction to various soundtracksA recent study published in the journal Science Advances has revealed that the United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution. The new research challenges the once-held assumption that the US is adequately “managing” its plastic waste. A previous study using 2010 data that did not account for plastic waste exports had ranked the US 20th, globally, in its contribution to ocean plastic pollution.Using plastic waste generation (产生) data from 2016 — the latest available global numbers — scientists calculated that more than half of all plastics collected for recycling (1.99 million tons of 3.91 million tons collected) in the US were shipped abroad. Of this, 88% of exports went to countries struggling to effectively manage plastics; and between 15-25% was low-value or contaminated (受污染的). It means it was unrecyclable. Taking thesefactors into account, the researchers estimated that up to 1 million tons of US-generated plastic waste ended up polluting the environment beyond its own borders.Using 2016 data, the paper also estimated that between 0.91 and 1.25 million tons of plastic waste generated in the US was either littered or illegally dumped into the environment domestically. Combined with waste exports, this means the US contributed up to 2.25 million tons of plastics into the environment. Of this, up to 1.5 million tons of plastics ended up in coastal environments. This ranks the US as high as third globally in contributing to coastal plastic pollution.“The US generates the most plastic waste of any other country in the world, but rather than looking the problem in the eye, we have outsourced it to developing countries,” said Nick Mallos, senior director of Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas program and aco-author of the study. “The solution has to start at home. We need to create less, by cutting out unnecessary single-use plastics; we need to create better, by developing innovative new ways to package and deliver goods; and where plastics are inevitable, we need to greatly improve our recycling rates.”“Previous research has provided global values for plastic input into the environment and coastal areas, but detailed analyses like this one are important for individual countries to further assess their contributions,” said Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia’s College of Engineering and a co-author of the study. “In the case of the United States, it is critically important that we examine our own backyard and take responsibility for our global plastic footprint.”57．Compared with the previous study, the new one ________.A．covers data more comprehensivelyB．excludes plastic waste shipped abroadC．is contrary to the latest global numbersD．challenges the recycling way of plastics58．According to 2016 data, what can be learned about the plastic waste generated in the US? A．Over half of it ended up polluting the environment outside the US.B．Most of its exported plastic waste wasn’t worth recycling.C．Less than half of it was actually recycled domestically.D．More of it is littered or illegally dumped than exported.59．It is implied by Nick Mallos that ________.A．plastic pollution in developing countries is more seriousB．US has been irresponsible in dealing with its plastic wasteC．US should cooperate with others to handle its plastic wasteD．innovative means are needed to eliminate single-use plastics60．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A．Plastic Pollution Great Risk to Marine LifeB．US Top Contributor to Coastal Plastic PollutionC．Plastic Waste Major Source of Coastal PollutionD．Recycling Effective Way to Address Plastic Waste五、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Women’s National Basketball Association (W. N. B．A) is an American professional basketball league. Women’s college basketball never saw the scale of talent that ____61____ sees today.The extremely famous and successful stars leading Iowa and Louisiana State to the N. C．A．A．women’s basketball championship game on Sunday — a first for both teams — are two of ____62____ (well-known)players in the country, with some of the most profitable marketing deals among college athletes. All four players are likely ____63____(be)household names well beyond college. They’ve already achieved a significant level of individual fame, and, ____64____ they reach the W. N. B．A．, they are well prepared for long professional careers. They are ____65____ the lucky few.The opportunities in basketball for many female athletes peak at the Final Four. The spotlight is rarely brighter, and beyond the trophy (奖品) ____66____ (await)Sunday’s winner is the earning potential newly available to the excellent women. Players across the country ____67____ lack the star power of Reese or Clark are still able to make money within their fan bases.Each spring the W. N. B．A．faces a problem ____68____ hundreds of women compete strongly for 144 spots in the world’s most prestigious professional women’s basketball league.Only 36 players are chosen.Clark has continuous 41-point performances, and her semi-final win came against the tournament’s odds-on (很可能发生的) favorite, South Carolina. Reese, ____69____ (label) as the Bayou Barbie, has been a scoring and rebounding machine all season as Louisiana State drew record crowds even before the tournament.Even with the sport setting records for game attendance and TV viewership, there remains a sky-high barrier for entry into the W. N. B．A．, where there are just 12 teams. In last year’s competition, just 17 players chosen _____70_____ (make)a team’s opening day roster (候选名单).六、汉译英（整句）71．我们只有善于从错误中吸取教训，才能在学业上取得长足的进步。

上海高一高中英语期中考试带答案解析

上海高一高中英语期中考试班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、单项选择1.The buildings in this modern city are growing tall, some even reaching over 400 meters _______ height. A．at B．for C．in D．on2.---Do you know when she _________?---Sorry, I don’t. But I’ll let you know when she _________.A．comes, comes B．comes, will comeC．will come, will come D．will come, comes3. Some intelligent and successful people find _____ difficult to succeed in language learning.A．them B．it C．themselves D．itself4. Have you ever ___ to the museum ___ we paid a visit last year?A．been; which B．been; to which C．gone; which D．gone; to which5.If you ask me, I would say that I won’t mind ______abroad to enrich my knowledge.A．taking B．to take C．to be taken D．being taken6._______ she seems to put on a smiling face every day, she hasn’t really got over the shadow of exam failure. A．Because B．As C．Whether D．While7.---English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?---Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Known8.I wonder whether the soldier is one of those who _______ abroad to keep peace.A．has been sent B．have been sent C．have sent D．has sent9.________ on the top of the hill, you can enjoy a good view.A．Stand B．Stood C．Standing D．To stand10.One learns a language by making mistakes and ________themA．correct B．to correct C．to correct D．correcting11.On the north of the bank _____ the Opera House, _____ was built two hundred years ago.A．is lying; where B．lies; what C．lies; which D．lying; that12. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.A．to be breathed B．to breathe C．breathing D．being breathed 13.We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A．which B．whose C．in which D．with which14.She said she couldn’t finish the work in time, _______?A．could she B．couldn’t she C．did she D．didn’t she15.The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.A．which B．whose C．when D．where16.Though Michael had made enough academic preparations, _____ experience led to his failure in the job interview.A．lacking B．lacking of C．lack D．lacked二、其他When I succeeded in becoming a part-time employee of Nokia China last summer, many friends asked me how I survived the interview.I once asked myself the same questions. Many of my peers also __【1】_ for the job, including some very competitive and intelligent students from famous universities.But why did the interviewer pick me instead of them?Finally, _【2】__ pushed me to ask the interviewers after we became colleagues. The answer was that I appeared confident but humble, responsible and communicative. They evaluated people not just on their academic certificates, but on the base of their __【3】__ and abilities. I happened to be the right person.To be frank, I once felt __【4】__ of being a student from an unknown college, and I think this may apply to some of you. I thought my future was ruined. It was only at the time of my successful interview that I finally understood the famous saying --- “You decide where you go.”A wide range of skills is important these days. I used to work for Master Kong. My job was to cook instant noodles for customers. I had regarded it as a piece of cake, but I failed constantly. I had to cook the noodles for the right amount of time to make them __【5】__ good. Moreover, the noodles could only remain in a plastic cup of five minutes, or the taste would be ruined.This experience taught me never to look down on anything, and always remain humble.I also __【6】__ as a volunteer for a beach volleyball event. My job was to help foreign visitors experience the beach. I thought it would be very easy because my oral English was __【7】__ good. But when I went to talk with a group of foreign guests, I suddenly realized that I did not know a single beach volleyball term. I was embarrassed.After this, I read brochures in both Chinese and English every day to learn the terms for facilities and related words. This allowed me to deliver accurate __【8】__ to foreigners, and I was happy to work responsibly.After these experience, I’m more confident and I strongly believe that my fate is in my __【9】__. It has certainly helped me make a giant step closer to my dream of graduating with prospects for the future. I hope my advice will benefit you as well.2.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.【1】黄浦江有600多米宽。

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