英国自然人文地理
法国、德国、荷兰、瑞士、意大利、英国国际贸易环境分析
餐饮业。法国菜在用料的广度和口味的种类方面不如中国 菜，但其餐具的考究、用餐场合的优雅别致已使它成为世界各 地上流社会的陪衬。一顿正式的法国盛宴往往要穿插开胃酒、 餐中酒及餐后酒。法国的饮食文化非常悠久，从路易十四开始 ，法国的饮食外交便世界闻名，在法式宴会鼎盛时期，餐桌上 一次可上 200 道菜。法国人最爱吃的菜是蜗牛和青蛙腿，最喜 欢的食品是奶酪，最名贵的菜是鹅肝，家常菜是炸牛排外加土 豆丝，此外，法国人还是世界饮酒冠军，尤其是喝葡萄酒。闻 名世界的法国料理，以精致豪华的高尚品味，风靡全球食客的 胃，法国人将“吃”视为人生一大乐事，他们认为：美食不仅 是一种享受，更是一种艺术。
(五) 自然资源
法国最主要的矿藏是铁矿，次为铝矾土和钾 盐矿。此外，还有煤、石油、铀和铅锌及少量的 非金属矿藏。法国是世界上铁矿最丰富的国家之 一，估计蕴藏量有 70 亿吨，居西欧之首。最大的 铁矿在洛林。
二、人文地理环境
1. 人口
全国人口为6380万(截至2008年1月1日)，通用法 语。法国人口在欧盟中仅次于德国，居第二位。人口 密度为每平方公里111人。2007年法国人口出生78.3万 ，死亡51.6万，自然增长26.7万。法国民族以法兰西 人最多，约占总人口的90%，其它少数民族有布列塔 尼人，巴斯克人，科西嘉人、日耳曼人、斯拉夫人、 北非人和印度支那人等。官方语言为法语，地方方言 有普罗旺斯方言、布列塔尼方言、科西嘉方言和日耳 曼方言。
英国地理环境及国际贸易
英国地理环境及中英贸易英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国( The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) ，是位于欧洲西部的岛国。
近年来，中英贸易合作保持稳定发展态势。
英国是中国重要的贸易伙伴，双边货物贸易额在中国同欧盟国家双边贸易中位居第三位，仅次于中德和中荷。
中国是英国的第三大贸易伙伴，第二大进口来源国和第七大出口目的国。
下面我将从英国的自然地理和人文地理来分析我国如何与英国进行国际贸易。
一、英国的自然地理环境英国由大不列颠岛（包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士）、爱尔兰岛东北部和一些小岛组成。
隔北海、多佛尔海峡、英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆相望。
东濒北海，面对比利时、荷兰、德国、丹麦和挪威等国；西邻爱尔兰，横隔大西洋与美国、加拿大遥遥相对；北过大西洋可达冰岛；南穿英吉利海峡行33公里就到法国。
海岸线总长11450公里。
全境分为四部分：英格兰东南部平原、中西部山区、苏格兰山区、北爱尔兰高原和山区。
英国国土面积24.36万平方公里（包括内陆水域）。
其中英格兰全境面积为13万平方公里，占大不列颠岛的大部分。
这一地区自西向东分为4部分：以塞文河流域为中心的米德兰平原；海拔200米左右的高地；伦敦盆地；威尔德丘陵。
英国境内的主要河流有:塞文河（354公里）和泰晤士河（346公里）。
北爱尔兰的讷湖（396平方公里）面积居全国之首。
英国位于北纬50度至60度之间，但气候温和，冬无严寒，夏无酷署，英国属海洋性温带阔叶林气候，终年温和湿润。
通常最高气温不超过32℃，最低气温不低于-10℃。
北部和西部的年降水量超过1100毫米，其中山区超过2000毫米，中部低地为700-850毫米，东部、东南部只有550毫米。
每年二月至三月最为干燥，十月至来年一月最为湿润。
受高纬度的影响，英国昼夜长短的变化特别明显。
冬季日短夜长，夏季则日长夜短。
英国是欧盟中能源资源最丰富的国家，也是世界主要生产石油和天然气的国家。
英国自然人文地理
★ Ten National Parks
(1).The Broads of Norfolk and Suffolk. (2).Exmoor National Park. (3).Dartmoor National Park. (4).Loch Lomond and the Trossachs. (5).The New Forest National Park. (6).Northumberland National Park. (7).North York Moore. (8).The Peak District National Park. (9).The South Downs. (10).Yorkshire Dales.
North East England
Made By 梁维江、杜薇
★ Location and Composition: (1).located in the North East of England. (2).comprises the combined area: Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear and Teesside.
View of Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland National Park.
Durham Cathedral
Lindisfarne Castle
★ Important Towns and Cities
(1).the biggest city: Newcastle-upon-Tyne. (2).important towns: Tynemouth, Gateshead and Stockton-on-Tees.
★ Industry
人文地理学：世界各地人文地理特点分析
人文地理学：世界各地人文地理特点分析引言人文地理学是研究人类活动与地球表面空间相互关系的学科，旨在探讨人类如何在不同的空间环境中开展经济、社会、文化活动。
本文将通过对全球范围内不同地区的人文地理特点进行分析，以展示各地的独特魅力和多元差异。
北美洲北美洲是一个多元文化的大陆，拥有丰富的人口和资源。
其人文地理特点主要包括以下几个方面：1.美国：作为世界上最强大的经济体之一，美国吸引了大量移民，形成了多元的种族结构和语言。
其城市化程度高，尤以纽约、洛杉矶等国际大都市闻名于世。
此外，美国还有广阔而多样的自然景观，包括大峡谷、黄石国家公园等。
2.加拿大：加拿大是一个以宽广土地和资源为特点的国家。
它以安全、稳定和友好待客著称，并有着极高的生活质量。
加拿大的人口分布较为集中，尤以多伦多、温哥华等城市为主，这些城市拥有丰富的文化多样性和经济活力。
欧洲欧洲是一个历史悠久、文化丰富的大陆。
它以不同国家间的紧密联系和共享价值观念而闻名于世。
以下是几个欧洲国家的人文地理特点：1.英国：英国具有深厚的历史和文化底蕴。
伦敦作为全球金融中心之一，在金融、艺术、时尚等方面有重要影响力。
英国还拥有许多著名大学和博物馆，吸引了大批学生和游客。
2.法国：法国是艺术与风情并存的国家。
巴黎拥有卢浮宫、埃菲尔铁塔等标志性景点，吸引了数百万游客。
法国还以其美食、时尚产业和文化节庆而闻名。
3.德国：德国作为欧洲最大经济体之一，技术创新领域备受推崇。
它拥有许多历史遗迹和文化城市，如柏林、慕尼黑等。
亚洲亚洲是一个人口众多、文化多样的大陆。
它拥有世界上最古老的文明之一以及独特的人文地理特点：1.中国：作为世界上最大的国家之一，中国拥有悠久的历史和广阔的领土。
其著名景点包括长城、故宫、西湖等。
中国还以其传统文化、美食和丝绸之路而闻名于世。
2.印度：印度是世界上最大的民主国家之一，也是多个宗教与语言并存的国家。
印度有辉煌的古代历史遗迹和寺庙，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
区域地理英国课件
可持续发展理念在区域地理中的应用
可持续发展理念
可持续发展是指在满足当前世代需求的同时，不危及子孙后代满足其需求的能力。这一理念在区域地 理中得到了广泛应用。
应用案例
英国在区域地理中应用可持续发展理念，如制定城市规划时考虑环境影响、推动绿色交通发展等，以 实现经济、社会和环境的协调发展。
未来发展趋势与挑战
课程内容
本课件将涵盖英国的地理位置、 自然环境、城市与乡村、人口与 文化、经济与产业等方面，全面 介绍英国的地理情况。
英国地理概述
地理位置
自然环境
位于欧洲西北部， 包括英格兰、苏格兰、 威尔士和北爱尔兰四个 部分。
英国拥有广阔的海岸线 、温和的气候和多样化 的地形。英格兰以平原 为主，苏格兰则以山地 为主，威尔士和北爱尔 兰则拥有丰富的自然风 光。
英国的创意产业也迅速崛起，成为新 的经济增长点，包括电影、音乐、设 计等。
制造业基础
尽管服务业占据主导地位，但英国仍 拥有一定的制造业基础，尤其是汽车 制造、航空航天和电子等领域。
区域经济发展模式与特点
01
02
03
区域差异明显
英国的区域经济发展存在 明显差异，伦敦和东南部 地区经济较为发达，而北 部和西部地区相对滞后。
城市群发展
英国形成了以伦敦为核心 的城市群，其他城市也各 自形成了具有特色的城市 群。
创新驱动发展
英国注重创新驱动发展， 通过科技创新和人才培养 推动经济发展。
未来发展趋势与挑战
经济多元化
未来英国将进一步推动经 济多元化，发展新兴产业 ，如生物科技、新能源等 。
全球化挑战
随着全球化的加速，英国 需要应对来自其他国家的 竞争和挑战，如提高产品 质量、降低成本等。
高二区域地理+-+英国
教育与医疗体系
教育体系
英国的教育体系主要包括小学、中学和高等教育机构。英国政府对教育实行高度 自治，各地区的教育政策和发展方向有所不同。
医疗体系
英国的医疗体系由国家医疗服务体系（NHS）主导，为全体居民提供免费的医疗 服务。NHS注重疾病的预防和治疗，近年来也在逐步推进医疗体制改革。
05
CATALOGUE
04
CATALOGUE
英国的人口与社会
人口分布与流动
人口分布
英国的人口主要集中在英格兰地区，特别是伦敦、曼彻斯特等大都市区。苏格 兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰地区的人口分布相对较为分散。
人口流动
英国的人口流动主要受到就业、教育和生活质量的影响。许多年轻人离开家乡 前往大城市寻求更好的工作机会和教育资源，而老年人则倾向于在乡村地区养 老。
英国气候属于温带海洋性气候，四季 分明，温差较大。
降水
雾霾天气
由于工业化和城市化进程，英国一些 城市在冬季会出现雾霾天气，影响交 通和健康。
英国年降水量比较平均，大部分地区 年降水量在1000毫米左右。
02
CATALOGUE
英国的自然资源
土地资源
01
土地面积与分布
英国国土面积约为24.41万平方公里，包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和
气候变化
英国是全球气候变化的敏感地区之一，面临海平面上升、 极端天气事件频发等气候变化带来的挑战。
可持续发展策略
能源转型
英国积极推动可再生能源的发 展，减少对化石燃料的依赖，
降低温室气体排放。
绿色交通
鼓励使用公共交通、骑行或步 行出行，减少私人汽车使用， 以降低交通排放对空气质量的 影响。
循环经济
高二区域地理 - 英 国
探索世界地理,了解不同国家的人文地理特点!
探索世界地理，了解不同国家的人文地理特点！引言大家好！你是否对世界各国的地理特点感兴趣呢？每个国家都有其独特的人文地理特点，从不同的语言、宗教、文化习俗，到经济、政治和社会组织形式，都影响着一个国家的发展和面貌。
在本文中，我们将探索世界地理，了解不同国家的人文地理特点，进一步加深对人类社会多样性的认识。
1. 欧洲 - 古老文明的摇篮在地理上，欧洲位于欧亚大陆的西部，是一个拥有丰富历史文化的大陆。
欧洲拥有众多的国家和地区，每个国家都有其独特的人文地理特点。
1.1 英国 - 大不列颠岛上的多元文化英国是一个岛国，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家组成。
这个岛屿上的文化特点非常多样化，其多元文化特点对英国的发展和社会面貌产生了深远的影响。
从著名的巴斯温泉城到动人的苏格兰高地，英国的人文地理景观丰富多样，吸引着无数游客前往探索。
1.2 法国 - 浪漫艺术的祖国法国以其浪漫、艺术和美食而闻名于世。
巴黎作为法国的首都，不仅拥有迷人的塞纳河和埃菲尔铁塔，还有世界著名的卢浮宫和巴黎圣母院。
此外，法国的南部还有美丽的普罗旺斯和大蓝色海岸，吸引着无数游客和移民。
1.3 德国 - 科技与文化的融合德国是一个拥有强大科技实力和丰富文化传统的国家。
对于科技爱好者来说，德国的柏林科技博物馆和慕尼黑工程学院等都是必访之地。
而文化方面，例如巴伐利亚州的纽伦堡古城和哥廷根大学等地，充满了浓厚的历史和文化氛围。
2. 亚洲 - 东方文明的瑰宝亚洲是一个人口众多、文化千姿百态的大洲，拥有许多国家和地区，每个国家都有其独特的人文地理特点。
2.1 中国 - 五千年的文明史中国是一个拥有悠久历史和丰富文化的国家，被誉为东方文明的瑰宝。
从长城到故宫，中国拥有许多世界闻名的景点和文化遗产。
中国的人文地理特点可以从不同的地区和民族习俗中一窥端倪，例如西部的少数民族文化、南部的水乡特色和北方的草原牧民文化。
2.2 日本 - 和谐与创新的结合日本作为一个岛国，有着独特的人文地理特点。
英国自然人文地理
英Introduction toPhysical and Human Geography ofthe UK国自然人文地理国家哲学社会科学项目“英语专业基础阶段内容依托式教学改革研究”项目组 编主编常俊跃 赵秀艳 赵永青Unit 1 Pano Tex Text B Text C Unit 2 A Sur Tex Text B Text C Unit 3 South Text A Tex Text C Unit 4 South Text A Text B Tex Text D Unit 5 Lond Text A Tex Text C Text D Unit 6 East o Tex Text B Text C Unit 7 East M Text A Tex Text C Northampton............................................................107 Unit 8 West Midlands (115)Text A View of West Midlands…………………………………………116 Text B West Midlands………………………………………………….122 Text C Stratford-Upon-Avon…………………………………………..,124 Text D The Black Country……………………………………………..125 Unit 9 North West England………………………………………….……133 Contentsramic View of the U.K (1)t A View of the U.K (2)Names about the U.K (7)Britain and Ireland........................................................8 vey of England.. (14)t A View of England.........................................................15 Climate in England......................................................20 A Ramble Around England by Stephanie Prescott (24)West England (32)View of South West.....................................................33 t B The Origin of Bath......................................................39 Stonehenge: Probably Pilgrimage Site for Sick.....................40 East England (46)View of South East England...........................................47 Oxford University. (53)t C Stephen Hawking (54)On The Canterbury Tales ...............................................55 on (62)Greater London and the City of London (63)t B Landmarks in London (65)More Landmarks.........................................................70 One Square Mile: The Historic City of London (73)f England (83)t A View of the East of England (84)New Stone Installed with China's Best-known Poem...............91 The Broads, Dedham Vale and Fens..................................92 idlands (98)View of East Midlands..................................................99 t B Heroes in Nottinghamshire. (105)Text A Tex Text C Text D Unit 10 York Tex Text B Text C Unit 11 Nor Text A Tex Text C Unit 12 Sco Text A Tex Text C Text D Unit 13 Wal Text A Tex Text C Unit 14 Nor Text A Tex Tex Text D Unit 15 Revi Text A Text B Text C Key to the Appendixes (277)Appendix 1United Kingdom Regions Map ....................................277 Appendix 2 United Kingdom Landforms Map ................................278 Appendix 3 England Landforms Map ..........................................279 Appendix 4 Scotland Landforms Map ..........................................280 Appendix 5 Wales Landforms Map .............................................281 Appendix 6 Northern Ireland Landforms Map ................................282 View of North West England..........................................134 t B The Beatles..............................................................141 Lancaster................................................................143 Great Manchester......................................................143 shire and the Humber (152)t A View of Yorkshire and the Humber..................................153 Sharing Cars in Leeds.................................................161 More about York.......................................................162 th East England (168)View of North East England.........................................169 t B Hadrian’s Wall..........................................................176 Durham and Durham Cathedral......................................178 tland (185)View of Scotland........................................................186 t B Loch Ness...............................................................196 Edinburgh Festivals....................................................198 Thistle: Scotland’s National Flower.................................200 es.. (209)View of Wales...........................................................210 t B Legends of Wales......................................................,216 More about Wales.......................................................218 thern Ireland.. (224)View of Northern Ireland.............................................225 t B More about Northern Ireland.........................................233 t C Legend of Giant’s Causeway.........................................234 St. Patrick’s Day.......................................................235 ew of the U.K (242)Review of England and Scotland.....................................243 Review of Wales........................................................250 Review of Northern Ireland...........................................251 Exercises. (260)Appendix 7 England Regions Map (283)Appendix 8 Symbols of Constituent Countries of the U.K (284)Appendix 9 National Flags (286)Appendix 10 List of Towns and Cities in England by Population (2001).288 Appendix 11 List of English Counties by Population (2007) (291)重点参考的书目和网站 (294)Unit 1Panoramic View of the U.K.When people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles, but never England.——George MikesUnit Goalsz To have a general idea of the geography of the U.K.z To be familiar with the geographical terms about the U.K.z To learn to use the words and expressions that describe the geographical features of the U.K.Before You Read1.How large is the U.K., especially compared with the U.S.A.?Which of the following shows the possible proportion?ABD.C2.Where is the U.K.? Tick (√) the neighboring countries and seas.Countries √Oceans√PacificChina TheBelgium The AtlanticFrance The IndianIreland The ArcticGermany The North SeaDenmark The Irish SeaNetherlands The English Channel3. What four major countries make up the U.K.?England, ____________, ____________, and ____________. 4. Is the U.K. mountainous or flat?5. Have you ever heard of Lock Ness, which is famous for a monster? Where is it in the U.K.?6.Form groups of three or four students. Try to find, on the internet or in the library, more general information about the U.K., which interests you. Get ready for a 5-minute presentation in class.Start to ReadText A View of the U.K.I. Location and CompositionThe official title of the U.K. is theUnited Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern Ireland . It is an island nation inWestern Europe just off the coast ofFrance. The mainland areas lie betweenlatitudes 49°N and 59°N and longitudes8°W to 2°E. The U.K. lies between theNorth Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea,and comes within 35 km (22 miles) of thenorthwest coast of France, from which it isseparated by the English Channel.Northern Ireland shares a 360 kminternational land boundary with theRepublic of Ireland. The Channel Tunnel（海峡隧道）bored beneath the EnglishChannel （英吉利海峡）, now links the UKwith France.The UK is made up ofseveral islands: Great Britain(the formerly separate realms ofEngland and Scotland , and theprincipality of Wales ), NorthernIreland (also known as Ulster),and numerous smaller islandsincluding the Isle of Wight （怀特岛）, Anglesey(安格尔西岛）, andthe Scilly (锡利岛）, Orkney(奥克尼岛), Shetland (舍得兰岛), andHebrides(赫布里底群岛). Theonly land border connecting theUK to another country isbetween Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The UK is bordered by four seas: to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe; to the east by the North Sea; tothe west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.II. LandscapeThe UK has atotal area ofapproximately245,000 km², almostaquarter-of-a-millionsquare kilometers.Its Landscape is veryvaried, ranging fromthe GrampianMountains （格兰扁山脉）of Scotland to the lowland fens (沼泽地带)of England whichare at or below sealevel in places.Sco tland and Wales are the most mountainous parts of the UK. A ridge of hills, the Pennines （奔宁山脉）, runs down the centre of northern England. Many coastal areas are low-lying, especially in the east and south of England.These include the wetlands of the Somerset levels(萨默塞特平原), which regularly flood during heavy rain.Most of the UK is made up of gently rolling hills with isolated areas of high ground such as Dartmoor (达特姆尔高原) in the south-west of England or the Mourne Mountains （莫恩山脉）in Northern Ireland.Northern Ireland is also home to the UK’s largest lake, Lough Neagh （内伊湖）, which covers an area of 396sq.Km (153 sq miles). Other major lakes include Windermere （温德米尔）in the English Lake District and Loch Lomond （洛蒙徳湖）in Scotland. Another of Scotland’s lakes, Loch Ness （尼斯湖）is famous for sightings of Bein ‘Nessie’, a mythical monster!g a relativelysmall Island, the UK’srivers are not very long.The Severn （塞文河）, itslongest river, is just 338km in length, beginning inWales and entering theAtlantic Ocean nearBristol （布里斯托尔市）inEngland. Other majorrivers include the Thames（泰晤士河）, which flowsthrough Oxford andLondon, and the Trent （特伦特河）and Mersey （墨西河）rivers, which drain rainfall from large areas of central England.AFTER YOU READKnowledge Focus1. Fill in the blanks according to the geographical knowledge you have learned in the text above.(1) The U.K. is an island nation in ____________ Europe just off thecoast of ____________.(2) The U.K. is separated from France by the ____________. (3) The UK is mainly made up of England, Scotland, ,and .(4) The longest river in the UK is , which beginsin .(5) , a lake in Scotland, is famous for sightings of amythical monster.(6) The largest lake in the UK is , locatedin .(7) A ridge of hills, , called the “backbone of England”,runs down the center of Northern England.(8) _ , one of the major rivers in the U.K., flows throughOxford and London.2. Write T in the bracket if the statement is true, and write F if it is false.(1) The official title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Ireland. ( )(2) The Channel Tunnel bored beneath the North Sea, now links theUK with France. ( )(3) The only land border connecting the UK to another country isbetween Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. ( )(4) The UK is bordered by the North Sea to the East. ( )(5) Scotland and England are the most mountainous parts of the UK.( )(6) Lough Neagh, the largest lake in the U.K. is located in Wales. ( )(7) Nessie is an animal living in Lock Ness in Scotland. ( )(8) There are many rivers in the U.K., such as the Severn and theThames. ( )Language Focus1.Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the phrases below.(1) The UK ____________ several islands(2) The U.K.’s landscape is very varied, ______ the GrampianMountains of Scotland ______ the lowland fens of England.(3) Another of Scotland’s lakes, Loch Ness ____________ sightings of‘Nessie’, a mythical monster!(4) Northern Ireland ______ a 360 km international land boundary______ the Republic of Ireland.(5) The Channel Tunnel bored beneath the English Channel, now______ the UK ______ France.(6) Northern Ireland ____________ the UK’s largest lake, LoughNeagh.2. Fill in the blanks with the appreciate form of the words in the brackets.(1) Great Britain includes the (former) separate realms ofEngland and Scotland, and the (principal) of Wales. (2) The low-lying lands in the east and south of England ______(regular) flood during heavy rain.(3) The film—Mee-Shee, The Water Giant, is about the ______ (myth)monster in Loch Ness.(4) Dartmoor is an (isolation) area of high ground in thesouthwest of England.(5) The Channel Tunnel, (bore) beneath the English Channel,links the UK and France.(6) The landscape in the UK is varied, (range) from highmountains to lowland fens.(7) The UK consists of (numerously) small islands.3. Fill in the blanks with the proper prepositions and adverbs thatcollocate with the neighboring words.(1) It is an island nation in Western Europe just ____ the coast ofFrance.(2) The mainland areas lie ____ latitudes 49°N and 59°N andlongitudes 8°W to 2°E.(3) The lowland fens of England are ____ or ____ sea level in places.(4) The Severn, its longest river, is just 338 km ____ length, beginning____ Wales and entering the Atlantic Ocean near Bristol in England.(5) The Channel Tunnel is bored ____ the English Channel. Comprehensive Work1. Pair Work: With your partner, discuss the following questions in turn:(1) What is the official title of the U.K.?(2) Where is the UK? Locate the four seas that border the U.K.(3) What geographical relationship does the U.K. have with Ireland?(4) What tunnel links the UK and France? And where is it?(5) What are the capital cities of the four major countries in the U.K.?2. Solo Work: Try to locate the following on the outline map of the U.K.EnglandWalesScotlandNorthern IrelandLondonEdinburghCardiffBelfastthe Thamesthe Severnthe Penninesthe Grampian Mountainsthe Mourne MountainsLough NeaghLoch NessRead MoreText B Names about the U.K.Read the passage and finish the multiple-choice questions just below the passage.Did anyone find the names of “Great Britain”, “the United Kingdom”, “England” and “the British Commonwealth” which have the same meaning? Strictly speaking, these names all refer to something different. None of them are exactly the same as any of the others.The British Isles refer to the main islands and several thousand small ones as well, which you can see on the map. Great Britain, or Britain, refers to the larger of the two main islands. But the word “Britain” is often used as a short form for the United Kingdom or you call it the UK.Now as for England, it refers simply to the largest of the three countries on the island of Great Britain. The United Kingdom is the name of the state and the official name of the country, which many people popularly refer to England.Finally, the Britain commonwealth is the usual name for what is left of the British Empire. This change shows the weakening of British Empire and the rising of the national liberation movements throughout the world today.1. According to the passage, we know that ____ .A. Great Britain has the same meaning as BritainB. the United Kingdom has the same meaning as Britain or EnglandC. all the names in the first paragraph have the same meaningD. all the names refer to England2. It is clear that the British isles refer to ____ .A. Britain, England and the UK.B. the two main islands and thousands of small onesC. three countries and several islandsD. Great Britain or the United Kingdom3. Which of the following shows the right relationship between the British isles (BI), Britain (B) and England (E)?A. B>BI>EB. BI>E>BC. E>B>BID. BI>B>E4. If you want to write to someone in Edinburgh that lies in Scotland, you should write the address as ____ .A. Edinburgh, EnglandB. Edinburgh, Great BritainC. Scotland, Edinburgh, EnglandD. Great Britain, Scotland, EdinburghText C Britain and IrelandThere are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Circle the answer that best fit into the passage.What is the difference between the British Isles , Britain, the United Kingdom and England? These terms are so often confused by us.The British Isles is made up of two large islands: One is called Ireland and the other 1. Britain, or Great Britain, is the larger of these two islands, and it is 2 into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England.The United Kingdom is that 3 of the British isles ruled over by the Queen. It is made up of Scotland, Wales and England, that is, the 4of Britain, and also about one sixth of Ireland, the Northern part. The 5 of Ireland is self governing. The 6 name of the United Kingdom is 7 “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”.8 is larger and richer than Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and has the most 9 of the United Kingdom, so people often use the 10 “England” and “English” when they 11 “Britain” and “British”. This sometimes makes the Scots and the Welsh a little 12. The Scots in particular are very 13 of their separate nationality. The Welsh too do not regard 14 as English, and have a culture and even a 15 of their own.Ireland became part of the United Kingdom in 1801, but for forty years the “Irish 16” was the greatest headache of the United Kingdom. 17, Ireland is divided into two: Northern Ireland still 18 to the United Kingdom and in 1922 the rest of Ireland 19 to found an Irish Free State, later called Eire and now the Republic of Ireland.The Republic of Ireland does not regard itself as part of Britain, and is not now even a supporter of the Commonwealth of Nations (英联邦). Unlike the major Commonwealth countries it did not lift a finger to 20 British in the Second World War and now wants the whole of Ireland to be a republic.1. A. Wales B. Britain C. England D. Scotland2. A. divided B. cut C. broken D. separated3. A. piece B. island C. country D. part4. A. south B. north C. part D. whole5. A. smaller B. larger C. rest D. island6. A. correct B. true C. full D. complete7. A. also B. therefore C. likely D. perhaps8. A. The UK B. The British isles C. Great Britain D. England9. A. colleges B. officials C. cities D. population10. A. words B. names C. spellings D. pronunciations11. A. call B. forget C. speak D. write12. A. angry B. difficult C. tired D. lonely13. A. proud B. fond C. full D. kind14. A. it B. Wales C. them D. themselves15. A. capital B. language C. history D. programmer16. A. Country B. Question C. Disease D. Republic17. A. At last B. So C. Meanwhile D. Also18. A. returns B. belongs C. gets D. speaks19. A. hoped B. refused C. broke away D. used20. A. feel B. touch C. fight D. helpProper NamesBristol布里斯托尔市Dartmoor 达特姆尔高原England 英格兰Great Britain 大不列颠Hebrides赫布里底群岛Loch Lomond洛蒙徳湖Loch Ness尼斯湖Lough Neagh内伊湖Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰Scotland 苏格兰the British Isles 不列颠群岛（英伦群岛）the Channel Tunnel海峡隧道the Commonwealth of Nations (又称：the British Commonwealth 英联邦) the English Channel 英吉利海峡the Grampian Mountains格兰扁山脉the Isle of Anglesey 安格尔西岛the Isle of Scilly 锡利岛the Isle of Wight怀特岛the Lake District 湖区the Mersey墨西河the Mourne Mountains莫恩山脉the Orkney Islands奥克尼岛the Pennines奔宁山脉the Republic of Ireland 爱尔兰共和国the Severn塞文河the Shetland Islands舍得兰岛the Somerset Levels萨默塞特平原the Thames泰晤士河the Trent特伦特河Wales 威尔士Windermere温德米尔湖For FunWebsites to visit/customs/questions/geography.htmlThis is a webpage about the general geography of the U.K. /en/2004-10-25/26874.htmlThis is a webpage on which you can find the answer to and the explanation of Text C and Text D in this unit.Books to ReadNational Geographic Traveler: Great Britain, 2d Ed.by Christopher SomervilleVisit every region of this diverse andbeguiling land, including the distinctivecountries of Scotland and Wales. This newedition offers the latest information on historicsites, city highlights, scenic drives, walkingtours, and more—from London's venerableWestminster Abbey and Shakespeare's scenichometown of Stratford-Upon-Avon to JohnLennon's boyhood home in Liverpool.Movies to seeKing Arthur (2004)Historians have thought for centuries thatKing Arthur was only a myth, but the legendwas based on a real hero, torn between hisprivate ambitions and his public sense of duty.A reluctant leader, Arthur wishes only to leaveBritain and return to the peace and stability ofRome. Before he can head for Rome, one finalmission leads him and his Knights of theRound Table, Lancelot, Galahad, Bors, Tristan,and Gawain to the conclusion that when Romeis gone, Britain needs a king--someone not only to defend against the current threat of invading Saxons, but to lead the isle into a new age. Under the guidance of Merlin, a former enemy,and the beautiful, courageous Guinevere byhis side, Arthur will have to find the strengthwithin himself to change the course of history.Listen To Britain (1942)It is a depiction of life in wartime England during the Second World War. Director Humphrey Jennings visits many aspects of civilian life and of the turmoil and privation caused by the war, all without narration.Songs to enjoyGod Save the Queen—the British National AnthemGod save our gracious Queen,Long live our noble Queen,God save the Queen!Send her victorious,Happy and glorious,Long to reign over us;God save the Queen!O Lord our God arise,Scatter her enemiesAnd make them fall;Confound their politics,Frustrate their knavish tricks,On Thee our hopes we fix,God save us all!Thy choicest gifts in storeOn her be pleased to pour;Long may she reign;May she defend our laws,And ever give us causeTo sing with heart and voice, God save the Queen!Not in this land alone, But be God's mercies known, From shore to shore! Lord make the nations see, That men should brothers be, And form one family,The wide world over.From every latent foe,From the assassins blow,God save the Queen!O'er her thine arm extend,For Britain's sake defend, Our mother, prince, and friend, God save the Queen! Lord grant that Marshal Wade May by thy mighty aidVictory bring.May he sedition hush,And like a torrent rush, Rebellious Scots to crush.God save the Queen!。
区域地理——英国
人文地理
文化
历史
英国历史可以划分为五大时 期。 一、史前时期（约公元40年 之前） (1) 石器时代 (2) 铜器时代 (3) 铁器时代 二、古典时期（约公元40年5世纪）
从国旗变化看英国的统一
人文地理
文化
语言
英国的语言资源非常丰富。英语（约6000万人使用，占总人口的98%） 是英国事实上的官方语言。除英语外，主要的土著语言还包括苏格兰语（约 150万人使用）、威尔士语（约70万人使用）、爱尔兰语、盖尔语和康沃尔 语等。此外，英国还有上百种外来语，根据2011年人口普查数据，使用最多 的十种外来语言为波兰语（约54万人使用）、旁遮普语（约27万人使用）、 乌尔都语（约27万人使用）、孟加拉语（约22万人使用）、古吉拉特语（约 21万人使用）、阿拉伯语（约16万人使用）、法语（约15万人使用）、汉语 （约14万人使用）、葡萄牙语（约13万人使用）、西班牙语（约12万人使 用）。（注：以上数据均为2011年人口普查数据）
英国有很多著名的风景胜地，这其中就包括数目众多的教堂 和大教堂。美国的教堂很少有历史超过一百年的，英国的教堂则 几乎没有历史在一百年以内的，甚至很多大教堂具有一千多年的 历史。
人文地理
名次 大学
地区
雅思
托福
文化
教育
1 牛津大学 2 剑桥大学 3 帝国理工学院
牛津郡 剑桥郡 大伦敦
[本]7.0[研]7.0 [本]110[研]100 [本]7.5[研]-- [本]--[研]-[本]6.5[研]6.5 [本]92[研]92
01 伦敦在国际贸易、金融方面有长期经营的历史，因而对许多外 国银行具有特殊的吸引力；
02 伦敦在长期经营金融中，拥有大量的金融机构，经验丰富的工 作人员和完整的通讯网络；
英国自然人文
Introduction to physics and human geography of the UK英国自然人文地理整理U1 panoramic view of the UK1. The UK is an island nation in Western Europe just off the coast of France.2. The UK is separated from France by the English Channel.3. The UK is mainly made up of England, Scotland ,Wales and Northern Ireland.4. The longest river in the UK is the Severn , which begins in Wales.5. Loch Ness, a lake in Scotland, is famous for sightings of a mythical monster.6. The largest lake in the UK is Lough Neagh, and it is located in Northern Ireland.7. A ridge of hills, the Pennines, called the " backbone of England ", runs down the center of Northern England.8. The Thames, one of the major rivers in the UK, flows through Oxford and London.U2 A survey of England (rose)1. England is in the southern part of Great Britain, 35 kilometers from France.2. The highest point in England is Scafell Pike, part of the Cumbrian Mountains in North West England.3. The area in North West England is more commonly known as Lake District because of the many lakes there.4. The Pennines, a large chain of hills with moorland tops rising to between 600 and 900 meters, splits northern England into northwest and northeast sectors.5. The longest river in England is the Thames.6. In the south and west, the coastline of England can be rocky, with steep cliffs. The east coast is often flat and low lying, with beaches and mud flats.7. The South West of England is a long peninsula with bleak moorlands and rocky outcrop.8. Wales and the Irish Sea border England to the West.U5 London1. The city of London is often referred to as the City or as the Square Mile, as it is almost exactly one square mile in area. These terms are also often used as metonyms for the United Kingdom's financial services industry.2. Greater London was created in 1965 and covers the City of London and 32 London boroughs.3. The City of London is still part of London's city center, but apart from financial services, most of London's metropolitan functions are centered on the West End.4. The River Thames crosses London from the southwest to the east.5. The Tower Bridge, named after its two impressive towers, is one of London's best known landmarks.6. The White Tower was built on the Thames by William the Conqueror to protect London and assert his power.7. Westminster Abbey, the Anglican Church, is one of Europe's finest Gothic buildings.8. Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, serving as both home and office.9. The Palace of Westminster is better known as the Houses of Parliament and is one of London's best known monuments and also one of the city's finest Victorian buildings.U12 Scotland (thistle)1. Scotland occupies the northern third of the islands of Great Britain.2. The river Tweed and the Cheviot Hills form Scotland's southern border with England.3. The Northern Channel separates southwestern Scotland from Northern Ireland.4. The northwest coast faces the Atlantic Ocean. The east coast faces the North Sea, which separates Scotland from the mainland of Europe.5. Scotland has three main land regions. They are the Highlands, the Central Lowlands, and the Southern Uplands.6. The Highlands is a rugged, barren region that covers the northern two thirds of Scotland. There are two major mountain ranges; the North West Highlands and the Grampian Mountains rise in this region.7. The highest peak in the British Isle is Ben Nevis.8. The river Clyde is the Scotland's most important river. The Tay is the largest river in Scotland.9. Loch Lomond is Scotland's largest river. Loch Ness is famous for its monster.10. A large group of islands called the Hebrides lie off the west coast of Scotland's mainland. The Orkney and Shetland groups lie north of the mainland and form the boundary between the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.11. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and Edinburgh is the second largest and the capital.12. Edinburgh is well-known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, a collection of official and independent festivals held annually over about four weeks from early August.13. Scotland was one of the industrial powerhouses of Europe from the time of the Industrial Revolution onwards.U13 Wales (daffodil)1. Wales is a constituent country of the UK. It is located on a peninsula in central-west Great Britain.2. Wales is bordered by England to the east and by sea in the other three directions: Bristol Channel to the south, St. George's Channel to the west, and the Irish Sea to the north.3. There are several islands off the Welsh mainland, the largest being Anglesey in the northwest.4. Much of the Wales' diverse landscape is mountainous, particularly in the north and central regions.5. Snowdon, at 1,085 m(3,560 ft), is the highest peak in Wales.6. Wales has three National Parks: Snowdonia, Brecon Beacons and Pembrokeshire Coast.7. Wales has five AONBs. The Gower peninsula was the first area in the whole of the United Kingdom to be designed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, in 1956.8. The Seven Wonders of Wales is a list in doggerel verse of seven geographic and cultural landmarks in Wales probably composed in the late 18th century.9. The capital of Wales is the city of Cardiff, which was created in 1955.U14 Northern Ireland (shamrock)1. Northern Ireland is situated in the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland. It is known as Ulster, because it consists of six of the nine counties that were parts of the former province of Ulster.2. Belfast is the capital city and the Seat of Government.3. Lough Neagh is the largest lake in the British Isles. The highest point in the country is Slieve Donard, a peak in the Mourne Mountains.4. Large areas of landscape of distinctive character and special scenic value in Northern Ireland have been designated AONBs.5. With 80% of the land still in farmland, Northern Ireland is still the poorest part of the United Kingdom.6. Most of the country's trade is with Great Britain, about 80% of it. The British pound is the legal tender.。
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View of Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland National Park.
Durham Cathedral
Lindisfarne Castle
★ Important Towns and Cities
(1).the biggest city: e-upon-Tyne. (2).important towns: Tynemouth, Gateshead and Stockton-on-Tees.
Thank you for enjoying !!!
Thank you for this group of old boys from Chelsea.
North East England
Made By 梁维江、杜薇
★ Location and Composition:
(1).located in the North East of England. (2).comprises the combined area: Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear and Teesside.
Looking eastwards along Loch Katrina
The Beaulieu River View of Mam Tor, cuts through Peak District National Longwater Lawn, Park about 4 km from its source near park entrance sign, near Skipton National Lyndhurst
★ Other Information
(1).Sheep farming is the main agricultural activity in this bleak and rugged region. (2).The Kielder forest, the largest forested area in England ,is a major timber producer.
Darlington
Hartlepool
★ Landscape
(1).natural beauty: Northumberland National Park, the region’s coastline, its section of the Pennines, Weardale. (2).historic places： Northumberland’s Castles, the two World Heritage Sites (Durham Cathedral and Hadrian’s Wall).
★ Industry
(1). Medieval times： Iron core, lead, silver. (2).Nowadays: electrical machinery, pottery, manufacturing, and engineering.
(3).Tyneside was once the country's chief producer of salt ,which was extracted from the North Sea.
★ Newcastle-upon-Tyne
(1).situation: on the north bank exportation, shipbuilding (4).examples of industry: coal of the River Tyne; linked to Gateshead by a series of seven bridges ; (3). Question: industries. and other heavy (2).Originallythe city New Newcastle Gateshead ---When did known as “Pons Aelius”,its was founded by (5).It was through art that Castle take it name? the Roman emperor Hadrian between 120 A.D. and 128 spearheaded an incredible period of regeneration and art A.D. much a part of thethe Romans came the Normans, ---After area`s modern identity. is very in 1080 Robert Curthose, son of William the Conqueror built the wooden “ Novum Castellum”.
★ Ten National Parks
(1).The Broads of Norfolk and Suffolk. (2).Exmoor National Park. (3).Dartmoor National Park. (4).Loch Lomond and the Trossachs. (5).The New Forest National Park. (6).Northumberland National Park. (7).North York Moore. (8).The Peak District National Park. (9).The South Downs. (10).Yorkshire Dales.
A typical view of the Norfolk Broads
View of the Porlock Vale over toward Bossington Hill from Porlock Hill
View up the River Meavy towards Sharpitor and Leather Tor
Map
Ceremonial
county
Northumberland
Unitary authority
Metropolitan districts
Newcastle upon Tyne Tyne and Wear metropolitan county
Gateshead
North Tyneside South Tyneside Sunderland Durham
★ Berwick-upon-Tweed
(1). situation: in north Northumberland on the border with Scotland. (2).the most famous architectural icon: the Town Wall. (3).There were three bridges over the wide estuary of the river Tweed, built in 1634,1928,1850. (4).one of the famous frequent visitors: L.S. Lowry, and a “ Lowry Trail” is for those who want to explore this famous painter`s favorite holiday resort. (5).unique events :the Riding of the Bounds, and Border Marches.