英语专业四级考试必考语法7-分词
专四必考语法7-分词
Key to the Exercises练习答案•1）选择正确的职业对一个人来说非常关键。
•Choosing a right career is vital to a person.•2）戒烟十分必要因为吸烟有害健康。
•Giving up smoking / getting rid of smoking is very necessary because smoking is harmful to health.•3）培养良好的生活习惯对于一个孩子的成长至关重要。
•Developing / cultivating good living habits is critical for a child’s development / growth.•4）守时是一个好的品德。
•Being punctual is a good quality / virtue.•5）热爱祖国是每个公民的义务/责任。
•Loving the motherland is every citizen’s duty / responsibility.•6）住在乡村比住在城市更好。
•Living in the country / countryside is better than / preferable to living in the city.•7）住在城市比住在农村更方便。
•Living in the city is more convenient than living in the country. •8）拥有私车也会带来/导致一些问题。
•Owning a private car will also bring about / lead to some problems.•9）婚后和父母同住会有许多不便。
•Living with parents after getting married may give rise to / resultin / lead to / bring about many inconveniences.•10）学好英语不是一件容易的事。
专四语法重点总结(K12教育文档)
(完整word版)专四语法重点总结(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整word版)专四语法重点总结(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整word版)专四语法重点总结(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
专四语法重点总结一、代词、名词、数次1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人称2. everyone后面不可以跟of短语 every one 就可以3. 以‘名词/动名词+介词（短语）/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词，它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework4. 物质名词一般不可数,但用于表示‘各种不同品种'时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas5。
当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种'或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an6. 名词所有格要点:必须用's的场合1 ）’s属格用于表示时间，度量衡,价值的名词之后2 ）作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s3) 人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加's4 ）当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等,此名词常省略5）复合名词在最后一个词后加’s6）当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用's7）当用来表示类别或属性时,要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋必须用of的场合1）名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时2）以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时7. 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时,都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of8。
专业四级英语语法和词汇
四级语法和词汇（1）1. My father never gave me ______.A. many adviceB. many advicesC. much adviceD. a lot of advices参考答案： CTIP：advice为不可数名词，不能用many来修饰，也没有复数形式。
2. She took him ______and led him across the road.A. by his handB. by the handC. with handD. with the hand参考答案： BTIP：take ... by the hand“抓住……的手”。
英语的习惯是在动词后先提人，而后在介词后再提具体的身体部位，身体部位前通常用定冠词。
3. I don't think he is to blame, ______?A. do IB. is heC. isn't heD. does he参考答案： BTIP：本句涉及的是否定的转移问题，I don't think 中的否定词否定的是宾语从句，故附加疑问句就需要用肯定的形式。
4. ______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. However参考答案： CTIP：as long as“只要”。
5. He couldn't lie convincingly enough to take a child _______.A. awayB. downC. inD. up参考答案： CTIP：take in“欺骗”，take away“拿走”，take down“取下来，记下来”，take up“从事”。
6. The parents were worried about Dorothy because no one was aware ______ she had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. whereD. the place参考答案： BTIP：aware一般有两个结构: be aware of something和be aware that-clause,在此选择of后加名词从句，相当于第一个结构。
(完整版)英语专业四级语法和词汇总结
1.nothing but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…以外的任何事”；none other than 意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。
2.A. taxes B. payment付款 C. fees 手续费、入场费、会费 D. premium津贴酬金3. A. display展示型表演 B. performance文艺表演 C. show展览会 D. exhibition销售性质的展览会4. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____going on in the world.A. it isB. as isC. there is 在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则关系代词便可省略D. what is5. A. set out 开始 as/in/on B. set off使做某事 C. set up 开业,开始经商D. set about开始、着手6. proliferation 扩散fair庙会、交易会7. tumble to 突然察觉come to意为“降临，发生8. understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”9. go with意为“与…相配”；go by意为“根据…作出判断”；go through意为“通过；经历”；go out意为“过时” go into意为“叙述；讨论10. on principle意为“根据行为准则；按照原则”；in principle意为“原则上；基本上；大体上”。
for与by不与principle搭配。
11. take over意为“接收，接管”；take up意为“开始采用；采取，承担”；take off意为“脱去；拿掉”；take to意为“开始从事；开始沉湎于”。
英语专四语法术语（中英对照）
英语专四语法术语（中英对照）英语专四语法术语名词：noun个体名词：individual noun 集体名词: collective noun物质名词：material noun抽象名词: abstract noun可数名词：countable noun 不可数名词：uncountable noun动词：verb动态动词：dynamic verb静态动词：stative verb情态动词：modal verb助动词：auxiliary非谓语动词：non-finite verbs(分词，participle; 不定式, infinitive; 动名词，gerund) 数词：numeral代词：pronoun人称代词：personal pronoun 物主代词：possessive pronoun 反身代词：reflexive pronoun 指示代词：demonstrative pronoun 关系代词：relative pronoun不定代词：indefinitepronoun形容词：adjective副词：adverb冠词：article连词：conjunction介词：preposition感叹词：interjection限定词：determiner短语：phrase不定式短语：infinitive phrase动名词短语：gerundial phrase分词短语：participial phrase 主语：subject谓语：predicate主谓一致：subject-verb agreement宾语：object补语：complement定语：attribute状语：adverbial同位语：appositive主语从句：subject clause表语从句：predicative clause 宾语从句：object clause定语从句：attributive clause 先行词：antecedent限制性定语从句：restrictive attributive clause非限制性定语从句：non-restrictive attributive clause状语从句：adverbial clause 陈述句：Declarative sentence 疑问句：interrogative sentence祈使句：imperative sentence 感叹句：exclamatorysentence时态(各种时态) tense语态：voice主动语态：active voice被动语态：passive voice虚拟语气：subjunctive mood 反义疑问句：tag question倒装：inversion部分倒装：partial inversion 省略：ellipsis。
专四常考语法点汇总
专四常考语法点汇总语法与词汇专项语法核⼼考点⼀：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。
其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、⽬的、条件、让步和⽅式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在⽅式、条件、让步、⽅式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和⾮限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。
⼀状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：⼏种不常⽤的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?1. ⼏种不常⽤的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. ⽤了although或though，就⼀定不能再后⾯的从句中同时⽤but，但是though 可以和yet 连⽤。
英语专业4级考试语法之分词
The past particle "run" can be used as the object of a sense, as in "I like to run."
01 Types of particles
Present particle
Form
The present particle is commonly formed by adding "- ing" to the present tense of a verb For example, "run" benefits "running"
The negative form of particles
The negative form of particles is formed by adding "not" or "no" in front of the particles It is used to express negotiation or deny
The difference between particles and infinities is that particles are used in complex senses to modify or complete the main clause, while infinities are used as the subject or object of a sense
英语专四语法 词汇知识大全
英语专业四级语法、词汇知识1．语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。
2．语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。
3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／necessary ／important／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时：proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that ＋would＋动词原形。
2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。
3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。
4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。
5）定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。
专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的5000—6000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Key to the Exercises练习答案•1）选择正确的职业对一个人来说非常关键。
•Choosing a right career is vital to a person.•2）戒烟十分必要因为吸烟有害健康。
•Giving up smoking / getting rid of smoking is very necessary because smoking is harmful to health.•3）培养良好的生活习惯对于一个孩子的成长至关重要。
•Developing / cultivating good living habits is critical for a child’s development / growth.•4）守时是一个好的品德。
•Being punctual is a good quality / virtue.•5）热爱祖国是每个公民的义务/责任。
•Loving the motherland is every citizen’s duty / responsibility.•6）住在乡村比住在城市更好。
•Living in the country / countryside is better than / preferable to living in the city.•7）住在城市比住在农村更方便。
•Living in the city is more convenient than living in the country.•8）拥有私车也会带来/导致一些问题。
•Owning a private car will also bring about / lead to some problems.•9）婚后和父母同住会有许多不便。
•Living with parents after getting married may give rise to / result in / lead to / bring about many inconveniences.•10）学好英语不是一件容易的事。
•Learning English well is no easy job.•11) 我们可以从参加社会活动中受益。
•We can benefit greatly from taking part in social activities.•12）代沟通常是因不能彼此理解而造成的。
•Generally speaking, generation gaps are resulted from not being able to understand each other.Participles分词•分词(过分和现分)兼有v.和adj.的特征，可带宾(现分)或状语构成分词短语•When visiting Beijing, he went to the Great Wall.•It is an interesting story.现分与过分的区别• A. 语态不同。
现分表示主动的意思，过分多由及物v.变来，常表被动的意义。
•surprising （令人惊讶的--主动) surprised （感到吃惊的--被动）More Examples•an exciting story•the exploiting classes（剥削阶级）• a moving film（感人的）• a tiring journey•excited spectators•the exploited classes（被剥削阶级）• a moved audience（被感动的）• a tired football player•有些过分由不及物动词变来，只表示一个动作已完成；无被动意义. •fallen leaves, the exploded bomb, a retired miner, escaped prisoners, the risen sun.• B. 时间关系不同。
现分表示的动作正在进行，而过分表示的往往已完成。
•the changing world----the changed world•boiling water----boiled water•developing countries----developed countries分词的语法功能：作表语•1) 作表语•The situation is discouraging.•She felt discouraged at the words.•现分作表语有主动的含义，它表示主语的性质或特征;•过分作表语有被动的含义，它表示主语所处状态或具有的情感作定语•2) 作定语•I'm reading a very attracting book.•He likes to drink cold boiled water.•一般，分词作前置定语泛指一般情况Eg. An excited child is not easy to control.•分词作后置定语时，是特指某一特定情况下的特点，具有特殊含义。
Eg. The child excited by the gift was brought under control.•There's a broken window in their classroom.•The window broken yesterday will have to be paid for.•She said she would never get married, because she didn't want to spend her life surrounded by screaming children.•The child screaming there is his son.作宾语的补足语•3)分词作宾语的补足语只用于下列结构：•(1) 当v.为表示感觉或心理状态时，这些v.包括•see, hear, feel, watch, notice, smell, find, think, observe, listen to, catch, leave, start, setExamples• a. I saw a girl standing by the goldfish pond.• b. He felt his eyes dazzled by the bright light.• c. I found him drinking my mineral water.• d. Everyone thought the battle lost.• e. Have you ever heard a nightingale singing?•(2) 当v.为make, get, have, keep等表示“致使、使得”含义时：• a. I have my hair cut every ten days.• b. He got his bad tooth pulled out.• c. She's going to have her clothes altered.•(3) 在have+宾+p.p.结构中，have 有三种不同含义。
• a. We had the problem solved. (意为“致使”有意的行为)• b. He had his arms broken in an accident. (意为“遭受”，表示无意行为)• c. I have no money left. (have有)•(4) 当v.为like, want, wish, order等表示希望要求命令等意义时• a. He wanted his eggs fried.• b. He won't like such questions discussed at the meeting.• c. The boss ordered all the errors corrected.与不定式作宾补的区别•注：有些动词如see, feel, notice, watch即可跟现分也可跟不定式作宾补，区别在于：现在分词着重说明动作正在发生，不定式说明动作的全过程。
•I saw the boys climbing the wall. (在爬)•I saw the boys climb the wall. (爬了)作状语•4) 作状语：•(1) 作时间或原因状语，常位于句前• a. Arriving at the station, he found a crowd of people waiting there.• b. Inspired by the excellent situation, the workers worked even harder.•(2) 表示让步或条件• a. Heating water, you can change it into steam.• b. Though beaten by another football team, the players of GuoAn did not lose confidence.省略•在上述两种情况下，分词所做的状语可以相当于一个状语从句。
此时可在分词前加一个引导词如when, if, though, unless, before, after等，这就构成了省略。
•Arriving at the station, he found a crowd of people waiting there.•= When he arrived at the station, he……•= When arriving at the station, he……More Examples•Inspired by the excellent situation, the workers worked even harder.•= After/Because they were inspired by ……•= After/Because inspired by ……•Heating water, you can change it into steam.•= If you heat water, you can ……•= If heating water, you can……•Though beaten by another football team, the players of GuoAn did not lose confidence.•= Though they were beaten by ……•(3) 表方式、结果及伴随状况。