广东省深圳市宝安区2020-2021学年八年级下学期语文期末试题(word版,含答案)
广东省深圳市宝安区2020-2021 学年度第一学期八年级期中联考数学科试卷 (PDF版,含答案)
2020-2021学年度第一学期八年级期中联考数学科试卷命题人：李焕清 审题人：卢艳琳考试时间：90分钟一、选择题：（每题只有一个正确答案，每题3分，共36分）1．的平方根是（ ） A ．B ．﹣C ．±D ．2．在平面直角坐标系中，点（﹣3，﹣1）在第（ ）象限． A ．第四象限B ．第三象限C ．第二象限D ． 第一象限3．下列运算正确的是（ ） A ．2﹣＝1B ．+＝C ．×＝4D ．÷＝24．正比例函数y ＝2kx 的图象经过点（﹣1，3），则k 的值为（ ） A ．23-B ．23 C ．3 D ．﹣35．关于x ，y 的方程组⎩⎨⎧=+=+30y x py x 的解是⎩⎨⎧∆==y x 1，其中y 的值被盖住了，不过仍能求出p ，则p 的值是（ ）A ．21-B ．21 C ．41-D ．41 6．如图1，以Rt △ABC 的三边为直角边分别向外作等腰直角三角形．若AB ＝，则图中阴影部分的面积为（ ） A ．B ．C ．D ．57．对于函数y ＝﹣3x +1，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．它的图象必经过点（﹣1，3） B ．它的图象经过第一、二、三象限C ．当31>x 时，y ＜0 D ．y 的值随x 值的增大而增大 8．正比例函数y ＝kx （k ≠0）的函数值y 随x 的增大而增大，则一次函数y ＝x ﹣k 的图象大致是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．9．已知点A （2a +3b ，﹣2）和点B （8，3a +2b ）关于x 轴对称，那么a +b ＝（ ） A ．2 B ．﹣2 C ．0 D ．4图110．如图2，一棵大树在离地面6米高的B 处断裂，树顶A 落在离树底部C 的8米处，则大树断裂之前的高度为（ ） A ．10米B ．16米C ．15米D ．14米11．下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．在△ABC 中，若∠A ：∠B ：∠C ＝3：4：5，则△ABC 是直角三角形 B ．在直角△ABC 中，一边长为3，另一边长为4，则第三边长一定为5C ．三边长分别为1，，的三角形不是直角三角形D ．在△ABC 中，若∠A ＝∠B ﹣∠C ，则△ABC 是直角三角形12．如图3，已知在正方形ABCD 中，AD ＝4，E ，F 分别是CD ，BC 上的一点，且∠EAF ＝45°，EC ＝1，点G 在CB 延长线上且GB=DE ，连接EF ，则以下结论：①DE +BF ＝EF ，②BF ＝，③AF ＝，④S △AEF ＝中正确的个数有（ ）个A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4二、填空题（每题3分，共12分）13．﹣2是 的立方根．14．如图4，长方形OABC 放在数轴上，OA ＝2，OC ＝1，以A 为圆心，AC 长为半径画弧交数轴于P 点，则P 点表示的数为 ；15．如图5，把正方形ABCD 沿对边中点所在的直线对折后展开，折痕为MN ，再过点B 折叠纸片，使点A 落在MN 上的点F 处，折痕为BE ，若AB 长为2，则EN 的长为16．如图6，直线y ＝2x +2与x 轴、y 轴分别交于A 、B 两点，点C是第二象限内一点，△ABC 为等腰直角三角形且∠C=90°，则直线BC 的解析式为．图4图5图6图3图2三、解答题（共52分）17．(10分)计算（1）828232⨯-- （2）12144831-+ 18．（5分）解方程组：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+=325443y x yx19．（6分）如图7，在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC 的位置如图所示，每个小正方形边长为单位1，△ABC 的三个顶点分别在正方形格点上。
部编人教版2020-2021学年第一学期八年级期末考试语文试题(含答案)
2020-2021学年度第一学期八年级期末考试语文试题※试卷满分120分，考试时间150分钟。
一、积累与运用（15分）1.下列词语中加点字的字音、字形完全正确的一项是（）（2分）A.诘．责（jié）倔．强（jué）蒙昧．（wèi）触．目伤怀（chù）B.教诲．（huì）洗涤．（dí）炽．热（chì）坦荡如邸．（dǐ）C.差．事（cāi）私塾．（shú）防御．（yù）振聋发聩．（kuì）D.窒．息（zhì）胆怯．（qiè）俯瞰．（kàn）杳．无音信（yǎo）2.依次填入下面句子横线处的词语最恰当的一项是（）（2分）老舍是的语言大师，在运用的北京语进行文学创作和话剧创作方面，老舍在中国现代作家中是的。
他不但是五四以来的白话文学的先驱者之一，而且是凭借纯北京语创造了现代文学语言的的作家。
A.杰出新鲜首屈一指绝无仅有B.杰出鲜活首屈一指独一无二C.出色鲜活首当其冲独一无二D.出色新鲜首当其冲绝无仅有3.对语法知识分析有误的一项是（）（3分）A.“你只会感到更高邈，并让凄冷的雨滴去纯净你的灵魂。
”句中的“高邀”和“灵魂”的词性分别是形容词和名词。
B.“扁下面是一幅画，画着一只很肥大的梅花鹿伏在古树下。
”句中两个“画”字词性相同。
C.“性格温和”“重峦叠嶂”依次是主谓短语、并列短语。
D.“赵州桥高度的技术水平和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。
”这个句子的主干是“技术水平和艺术价值显示智慧和力量。
”4.下列各项中表述有误的一项是（）（3分）A.《藤野先生》是鲁迅写的一篇回忆性散文，文中藤野先生是个生活俭朴，治学严谨的好老师。
B.鲁滨逊第四次航海受人哄诱到非洲贩运黑奴，遇到风暴，漂到荒无人烟的小岛。
鲁滨逊开始了挑战自然的28年2个月19天的荒岛生活。
C.孟子，名轲，战国时期思想家，道家学派代表人物之一。
专项训练02：字形-2020-2021学年八年级语文下学期期末专项复习(部编版)
专项训练02 字形1．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A．决择贴切膏药不修边幅B．枯躁趋势剥削风口浪尖C．纳闷权威估量阳奉阴违D．前沿干预扶植招谣撞骗2．下列词语中有错别字的一项是（）A．赋予晓得光明正大B．承认特务遭毒手C．势力捶击反动派D．跨进鼓掌黎明3．下列加点字注音和字形全部正确的一项是（）A．缅怀．（miàn）实践．（jiàn）格物致．知（zhì）B．检讨．（tǎo）彷．徨（fáng）一帆．风顺（fān）C．遵．盟（zūn）哲．理（zhé）袖．手旁观（xiǜ）D．恐慌．（huāng）测．量（cè）不知所措．（cuò）4．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A．推祟行将就木针锋相对B．调零萦绕相辅相承C．束缚至力于误入歧途D．协助无可指摘含苞欲放5．下列词语书写不正确的一项是( )A．恐怖调零署名名人逸事B．和蔼襁褓趋势挑拨离间C．挚爱卑鄙绚丽豁然开朗D．拙劣枯燥纳闷阳奉阴违6．下列各句中加点词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A．他不住帐篷．．，而是住在一座结实的石房子里。
B．他停了下来，用铁棍在地上戮了．．一个坑。
C．战争结束了，我只得到一笔微簿．．。
．．的酬劳D．农场边上，枫树林里，流淌．．。
．．着源源不断的泉水，浇灌着长在周围的鲜嫩薄菏7．下列成语书写有误的一项是( )A．分崩离析出类拔粹B．融为一体词不达意C．袖手旁观自圆其说D．阳奉阴违不修边幅8．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A．祈祷野蛮伽锁相辅相成B．目睹赋予岐途无所畏惧C．萦绕严峻厚待自园其说D．湛蓝挚爱秩序分崩离析9．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是( )A．决择贴切膏药不修边幅B．枯躁烦琐剥削风口浪尖C．纳闷权威估量阳奉阴违D．前沿干预扶植招谣撞骗10．下列句子中没有错别字的一项是( )A．对犯了错误的同志，要热情帮助，而不应该幸灾乐祸，袖手旁观。
B．老师的严厉斥责，让他不知所错。
模拟试卷：2020-2021学年八年级语文下学期期中测试卷(广东卷)03(解析版)
2020-2021学年下学期期中测试卷八年级语文一、基础（24分）1．根据课文默写古诗文。
（10分）（1）窈窕淑女，___________。
（《关雎》）（2）式微式微，________？微君之躬，_____________？（《式微》）（3）坐观垂钓者，____________。
（孟浩然《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》）（4）《桃花源记》中描写老人和小孩生活幸福的句子是：___________，____________。
（5）请把王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》默写完整。
城阙辅三秦，风烟望五津。
与君离别意，同是宦游人。
______________，_____________。
______ ______，__________。
【答案】（1）君子好逑（2）胡不归胡为乎泥中（3）徒有羡鱼情（4）黄发垂髫并怡然自乐（5）海内存知己天涯若比邻无为在歧路儿女共沾巾【解析】默写常见的名句名篇。
首先要选准诗句，生僻字平时要多写几遍。
这类试题是通过书写的方式考背诵，关键是不能错字、别字、形似字。
近几年总出理解性默写（情景描写）题目，这种题目的难度比根据上下文默写要难，首先要根据诗歌内容选准诗句，然后不要出现错别字。
此题要注意“逑、羡、髫、怡、己、涯、歧”等字词的书写。
2．根据拼音写出相应的词语。
（4分）（1）北雁南飞，活跃在田间草际的昆虫也都xiāo shēng nìjì（___________）。
（2）冰雪融化，草木méng fā（_________）。
（3）它还可以纠正自己的错误，继续保持它在冬季的jiān mò（_________）。
（4）岩层的年龄为6500万年，因此可以zhuīsù（__________）到恐龙灭绝的年代。
【答案】（1）销声匿迹（2）萌发（3）缄默（4）追溯【解析】考查对汉字字形的辨析与书写。
销声匿迹：指隐藏起来，不公开露面。
“销”不要写成“消”，萌发：开始发芽。
广东深圳市龙岗区2020至2021学年八年级下学期期末语文试题
阅读下面的文言文，完成下列小题
（甲）从小丘西行百二十步，隔篁竹，闻水声，如鸣珮环，心乐之。伐竹取道，下见小潭，水尤清冽。全石以为底，近岸，卷石底以出，为坻，为屿，为嵁，为岩。青树翠蔓，蒙络摇缀，参差披拂。
潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依，日光下澈，影布石上。佁然不动，俶尔远逝，往来翕忽。似与游者相乐。
④_____,风烟望五津。（王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》）
⑤夜来城外一尺雪，_____。（白居易《卖炭翁》）
⑥_____，悠悠我思。（《诗经•子衿》）
⑦此地一为别，_____。（李白《送友人》）
⑧在我国古诗文中，有很多描写景物的佳句。《桃花源记》中，陶渊明用“芳草鲜美，_______”描写桃林繁花遍地的美景，孟浩然在《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》中用“_________,____________。描写洞庭湖烟波浩渺、汹涌澎湃的磅礴气势。
⑵几千年来，劳动人民注意了草木荣枯、候鸟去来等自然现象同气候的关系，据以安排农事。杏花开了，就好像大自然在传语要赶快耕地；桃花开了，又好像在暗示要赶快种谷子。布谷鸟开始唱歌，劳动人民懂得它在唱什么：“阿公阿婆，割麦插禾。”这样看来， 花香鸟语，草长莺飞，都是大自然的语言。
⑶这些自然现象，我国古代劳动人民称它为物候。物候知识在我国起源很早。古代流传下来的许多农谚就包含了丰富的物候知识。到了近代，利用物候知识来研究农业生产， 已经发展为一门科学，就是物候学。物候学记录植物的生长荣枯，动物的养育往来，如桃花开、燕子来等自然现象，从而了解随着时节推移的气候变化和这种变化对动植物的影响。
广东深圳市龙岗区2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末语文试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
广东省广州市2020-2021学年八年级下学期期末复习之阅读理解专项训练(含答案)
广州市2020-2021学年八年级第二学期期末总复习阅读理解专项训练 (含答案)(1)阅读理解“Now, it is the time to witness the miracle!” The m agician, Liu Qian, discovered a diamond ring in an egg in front of millions of people at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala (春晚)in 2009. Liu’s magic tricks have made the old art of magic fashionable once again, and made him the hottest magician in China.As a skillful young magician from Taiwan, Liu is popular worldwide for his magic shows. He has performed in countries, including the United States, Japan, South Korea and the UK.Making something impossible happen right before your eyes is the reason why people love magic.Liu has a special understanding of magic shows, “To get a magic shoe successful, thinking is more important than skills. We think a lot about how to make the shows creative and more interesting.” Liu said. So during his performance, audiences(观众) are often invited to be in his shows, making people believe he really has magic power.Liu Qian’s suc cess dated back to his childhood. Born in 1976 in Taiwan, he found himself attracted to a magic toy in a shop when he was seven years old. At the age of 12, he won Taiwan’s Youth Magic Contest, which was judged by the great American magician, David Copperf ield. “It encouraged me to carry on my magic shoe dream.” But Liu planned on becoming a professional magician at the beginning. He studied Japanese literature at University and only hoped to be a part-time magician. However, his failure to find a good job after graduation pushed him towards magic as a career. To improve his skills, he has performed on streets for passers-by. “Street shows are the biggest challenge for us magician.” Liu said.In 2001, Liu started a TV show called “Magic Star”, which quickly became one of the most popular shows. He successfully keeps this traditional art form alive.56. Why do people love to watch magic?A. Because magic is an old art.B. Because magic attracts their eyes.C. Because they cannot find out the secret of magic.D. Because they love watching magicians make the impossible happen.57. What can we learn from the story?A. Liu Qian wanted to be a professional magician at first.B. Liu Qian took part in many magic competitions.C. Liu Qian often invites audiences to be in his magic show.D. Liu Qian performs on streets in order to make himself famous.58. What made Liu Qian decide to make magic his career?A. He played magic on streets in his free time.B. He had won Taiwan’s Youth Magic Contest.C. He was interested in magic when he was little.D. He could not find a good job after graduation.59. In what order did Liu Qian do the following?①He became a magician. ②He fell in love with magic.③He began to perform magic on TV. ④He won Taiwan’s Youth Magic Contest.⑤He was invited to CCYV’s Spring Festival GalaA.②④①③⑤B. ②④①⑤③C.①②④③⑤D. ①④②⑤③60. The story is about _________.A. how Liu began to have magic power.B. why people love watching magic shows.C. what tricks are used in Liu’s magic shows.D. how Liu became China’s hottest magician.答案: DCDAD(2)Have you ever heard of e-waste, which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one?Most people just throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and people’s health.Apple, for example, now recycle people’s used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.1. How many tons did the people around the world produce e-waste in 2014?A. 6.15 million tonsB. 7.1 million tonsC. 41.8 million tonsD. 6 million tons2. The following can become e-waste EXCEPT ______.A. textbooksB. mobile phonesC. MP4 playersD. computers3. If people throw the metals away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, it will be _____to people’s heath.A. goodB. helpfulC. valuableD. harmful4. Which statement is TRUE according to Paragraph 4?A. the recycle Apple products will be sold at higher prices.B. Some companies offer to recycle the used electronic products.C. it’s better to keep the unwanted electronics in your bedroom.D. buying longer lasting electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste5. The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A. advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution.B. encourage people to buy more electronic products.C. We should throw away the broken electronic products.D. prove that e-waste is useless答案: CADBA(3)In Canada, you can find dogs or cats in almost every family. People love these pets and look on them as their good friends. Before they keep them at their houses, they take to animal hospitals to give them injections (注射) so that they won’t carry virus which may spread out.There are special animal food stores in some places, though people can get animal food in almost every store. Some people spend around 200 Canadian dollars a month on animal food. When you visit people's homes, they would be very glad to show you their pets. You will alsofind almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds can come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and people can't kill any animals in Canada. They have a law against killing wild animals. If an animal happened to get knocked by car, people would be very sad about it.People in Canada have many reasons for liking animals. Firstly, their family tie is not as close as ours. When children grow up, they leave their parents. Then the old people will feel lonely. As pets can be their very good friends. Second. ...36. Why do people give their pets injections before taking them home?A. Because the pets are easy to get sick.B. Because they want to save the sick pets.C. Because they want the pets to keep quiet.D. Because they don’t want the pets to carry diseases.37. Where can people buy pet food?A. Only in special food stores.B. In almost every family garden.C. In almost every store.D. Only in pet stores.38. The word “bird feeder” in the second paragraph probably means__________.A. a container that has food for birdsB. something that catches birdsC. a person who gives food to birdsD. an animal that eats birds39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is Right?A. Canadian children don’t love their parents.B. Some people keep a pet because they feel lonely.C Almost every family in Canada keeps a bird in their garden.D. It is against the law if you happen to knock an animal with your car.40. The last paragraph may go on about ________.A. another reason for keeping pets at homeB. another reason for protecting wild animalsC. another reason for liking animalsD. another reason for not killing animals答案:DCABC(4)阅读理解Imagine you walk into a store. Strangely enough, you see no staff inside. You pick up things and prepare to wait in line and pay. But even more oddly, there is no cashier at all. So what has happened to this store?Well, you may have entered Tao Cafe, a cashless store created by Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba. In July, the public got to see the store for the first time at Alibaba's Taobao Maker Festival in Hangzhou.The 200-square-meter store sells drinks, fast food and snacks. It can hold up to 50 shoppers at a time to enter and shop, people only need a smartphone with a Taobao APP and an Alipay account(账户).By scanning their Taobao OR code (二维码), shoppers are followed with cameras for facial recognition. The store has also digitalized (数字化) all goods and their placement on the shelves. So when shoppers pick up goods, the system will be able to “watch”and“remember”their selection.When shoppers are ready to leave, they don't wait in line to pay. Instead, they go through two checkout doors. Then the bills will be paid with a Taobao account connected to Alipay.According to Alibaba, the checkout machines can recognize goods even when shoppers put them in pockets or bags. So it is almost impossible to steal things from the store.Tao Cafe is not the only cashless store in China. A 24-hour convenience store with no staff called Bingobox opened in Shanghai in June. To enter the store, shoppers scan a QR code on Wechat or Alipay. But unlike the Tao Cafe, they have to scan another QR code to leave the BingoBox.36. The underlined word “oddly” means .A. strangelyB. surprisinglyC. importantlyD. helpfully37. Tao Cafe is known as .A. a coffee shopB. a cashless storeC. an online storeD. a shopping app38. To buy things from Tao Cafe, you need to have all of the following EXCEPTA. a smartphoneB. a Taobao APPC. an Alipay accountD. two OR codes39. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about?A. How to check out in Tao CafeB. Why Tao Cafe needs camerasC. How the system in Tao Cafe works.D. When the bills are paid in the store40. What can we infer from the passage?A. The elders would enjoy shopping in Tao CafeB. Lots of things will be lost in the cashless storeC. Shopping at Bingobox is the most convenient.D. It saves people much time to shop at Tao care答案: ABDCD(5)阅读理解Life in the future will be different from life today. Between now and then many changes will happen. But what will the change be?The population is growing fast. There will be many people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now．Computers will be much smaller and more useful and there will be at least one in every home.And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in school then．People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for s por ts, watc h i ng TV a nd tra v el.T ra v elli ng will b e m u c h c h ea p er a nd easier.A nd ma ny m or e people will go to other countries for holidays．There will be changes in our food, too. More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive.Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruits and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier．Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work will be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem．29.In the future there will be .A.much more fruitsB. more peopleC. fewer vegetablesD. fewer people30.Every family will have at least one .A.robotB. cowC. TV setD. computer38.In the future people don’t have to .A. work long hoursB. work fastC. walk on footD. eat rice39.Which of the following changes is not mentioned in the passage?A. PopulationB. FoodC. HospitalD. Computers.40.One big problem in the future is that .A.many people don’t have to workB. many people will not be able to find workC. people have to work fastD. all the work will be done by robots答案: BDACB(6)阅读理解Once there was a famine. A rich cool sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town and said to them, “In this basket there is a piece of bread for each of you. Take it and come back to me every day and this hour for more.”In a hurry the hungry children get together around the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest piece. At last they went away without even thanking the good cook. Mary, a poorly-dressed girl, did not fight with the other children, but stood quietly in the distance, when the badly-behaved children had left, Mary took the smallest piece, which was all left in the basket. She kissed the cook’s hand and went home.The next day the children were as badly-behaved as before. Mary got a piece of bread almost half the size of the one she got the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the bread open. Many new, shinning pieces of silver fell out of it.Her mother was very worried, and Said. “Take the money back to the cook at once. The silver must have fallen into the dough(面团) by accident. Hurry up, Mary.”When the little girl told the rich man her mother’s message, he said, “It has no mistake. I had the silver pieces put info the smallest bread for you as a prize. Always be as satisfied, peaceable and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours.”21.What did Mary do while the others fought over the bread?A.She stood quietly in the distance.B. She fought over the bread.C. She went home.D. She sent for her mother.22.How did the girl express her thanks to the cook?A.She left quietly without a word.B.She kissed the cook's hand.C.She gave money to the cook.D.She behaved as badly as the other children.23.Why did the cook put the silver pieces into the bread?A.Because he wanted to give them to the poorest child.B.Because Mary's mother was very worried.C.Because he wanted to give them to Mary as a prize.D.Because Mary’s family was poor.24.What do you think of Mary's mother?A.She was very rich.B. She was peaceful.C. She was foolish.D. She was very honest.25.What is the passage mainly about?A.Some pieces of bread.B. Some pieces of silver.C. A good girl.D. A rich cook.答案: ABCDC(7)阅读理解During the 2016 Rio Olympics, people were surprised to see the round, purple marks on the body of the famous American swimmer Michael Phelps. What happened to him? In fact, he just visited a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and had “cupping”(拨火罐).Massage(按摩) and acupuncture(针灸) are two other important kinds of TCM. Chinese massage can make people relaxed and fresh. In acupuncture, doctors put long needles into the patients' heads, faces, arms ∙∙∙ It takes pain away, though the look is funny.TCM is an important part of Chinese culture. The earliest medical classic ( 名著) in China, Huangdi's Classic on Medicine, came out more than 2,000 years ago. The book is about the relationship between man and nature. In Chinese culture, yin and yang are the two parts of nature. Nature keeps balanced if yin and yang work well together. The human body needs such a balance, too. TCM helps to do that. Quite specially, for some health problems, a doctor of TCM will not give the patient medicine. Instead, he may provide just a food plan and the right ways to eat.For example, it is common to eat on the way to school, at our desk, or in front of the TV. But TCM thinks it 's wrong. Here are the correct ways: Sit down to eat. While eating, turn off the TV and get away from the work desk. Eat seasonal foods. Do not miss any of the three meals. Also, get your body moving often, just as the saying goes, “Running water is never stale.”Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular around the world. A government report says that people in 183 countries and areas are now using TCM.26. What is TRUE about Michael Phelps?A. He is a famous TCM doctor.B. He gave people a big joy.C. He draws people’s attention to“cupping”.D. He doesn’t believe in the traditional Chinese medicine.27. The medical classic Huangdi's Classic on Medicine.A. is mainly about how to take medicineB. came out at the beginning of last centuryC. is about how to get on well with people around us.D. is an important book on traditional Chinese medicine28. A doctor of TCM agrees that .A. not all the health problems need medicineB. a food plan is all you need if you are not feeling wellC. it's best to eat watermelon and litchi(荔枝) during the Spring FestivalD. having a meeting during a meal may help people eat more and save time29. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 can be translated as “” in Chinese.A. 水到渠成B. 细水长流C. 绿水青山D. 流水不腐30. Which of the following shows the correct structure(结构) of the passage:答案: CDADB(8)阅读理解Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on the electronic ways of communication, but the online habits of different generations( 一代人) couldn't be more different. The over-55s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site's second biggest user group, with 3.5 million users aged 55-64 and 2.9 million over -65s.Sheila, aged 59, says, “I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It's a much better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That's how we did it when I was a child, but I think I’m luckyI get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.”However, only 2.2 million users of Facebook are under 17. Most children of this age can not lea ve their smartphone. Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. “It's my alarm clock so I have to,” she says. “I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.”Unlike her grandmother's generation, Chloe's age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they spend less time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn't heard f rom in forty years. “We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the county,”she says. “It has changed my social life completely.”Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone addiction (上瘾). Peter, 38, father of two teenagers, reports that he used to spend much time on his phone or laptop. He says, “How could I tell my kids to get off their phones if I was always in front of a screen myself?” So, in the evenings and at weekends, he takes his SIM card out of his smartphone and puts it into an old-style mobile phone that can only make calls and send text messages. “I'm not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is I'm setting an example to my kids and spending more quality time with them.”31. How many people 's names are mentioned in the passage above?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.32. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A. It's about the online habits of Chloe's age group.B. It talks about what the over- 55s usually do in their daily lives.C. It compares the difference between the two generation groups.D. It gives us some information about the relationship among friends.33. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph .A. shows the anger towards the parents' mistakesB. tells the teenagers where their addictions of computer games are fromC. asks the teenagers to thank their parents for taking care of their daily lifeD. gives us one of the reasons why some teenagers can't leave their smartphone34. Why does Peter use an old- -style mobile phone instead of a smartphone?A. He doesn't want to work in the evening and at weekendsB. He wants to set an example and let his children use old-style phonesC. There is no phone call at all, so it doesn't matter which phone he uses.D. He wants his children to do the same and spend more time with the family.35. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Sheila always waits for letters and photos in the post.B. Peter feels that the changes make him a better parent.C. More people aged 65 use Facebook than people aged 55.D. Grandparents use Facebook less than their grandchildren.答案: BCDDD。
期末专题复习：记叙文阅读——概括类题型(附答案) 2020-2021学年部编版语文八年级下册
记叙文阅读——概括类题型考点解读：专题一：找准线索概括中心传说有几个盲人摸象，摸到身子的说大象似一堵墙，摸到象腿的说大象像一根柱子，而摸到尾巴的说大象如一条蛇，大家争论不休。
同学们，大象像什么呢？在我们阅读的过程中一定要避免像“盲人”一样把局部当成整体，一叶障目而不见泰山。
整体感知文章能避免我们成为这样的盲人，掌握了整体感知的方法，我们就可以比较快速地提取文章的信息，把握全文的主旨了。
一、阅读全文，知其大意1、阅读方法：速读全文，并作适当的勾画圈点。
应该特别注意开头、结尾，看文中是否具有概括性的段落，每段的开头或结尾是否有概括或总结性的语句，必要时还应将各个段落的主要信息提取出来，加以整合。
考点之一：这篇文章主要写了一件什么事？2、考点答题方法:做这类题目，要抓住核心要素----人物和事件。
当然，有时候，重要的时间、地点、人物的身份，事件的起因和结果也要体现在答题中，同时，要注意题目是否有字数方面的限制，在字数范围之类，尽可能详细，字数超过要删去次要信息。
①文章标题法。
②叠加法（把文章主要段落大意连贯起来，加以综合概括）③六要素法（必要的时间、地点）人物+起因+经过+结果；基本格式：（时间/地点）+谁+干什么+结果3、经典试题分析：少年放暑假的时候，给我家送报的换了一个十七八岁的少年。
我家住六楼，每天清早8点多钟的时候，便有一阵轻捷的的脚步声急急地上楼来了。
不论晴天雨天，他都来的很准时。
门没开的时候，他轻轻地把报纸塞进报筒。
门虚掩着的时候，他便会礼貌地喊一声：“万老师，报纸来了！”我曾与他闲聊过，得知他每天凌晨5点钟就起床，每天要为二百多户人家送报，而且都是楼房住户，他每天要爬一万八千多级台阶。
骄阳似火，送报少年每天大汗淋淋地骑着车子穿街过巷，一大早，他的短袖衬衣就湿透了一大截，但他的车铃却拨弄得很快活，小圆脸上闪着一双清亮的大眼睛，见人就腼腆地笑着，他的日子似乎无忧无虑。
7月下旬的一天，少年送报来时对我说：“今天报上刊登了高考录取分数线！”我说了声谢谢。
2020-2021学年广东省深圳市宝安区八年级(上)期末数学试卷及参考答案
图象上两点，若 y1＞y2，则 x1
x2．（填“＞”或“＜”）
第 2页（共 5 页）
14．（3 分）实数 a、b 在数轴上所对应的点如图所示，则| ﹣b|+|a+ |+ 的值
．
15．（3 分）如图，已知点 D 为△ABC 内一点，AD 平分∠CAB，BD⊥AD，∠C＝∠CBD．若
AC＝10，AB＝6，则 AD 的长为
第 3页（共 5 页）
（1）本次抽样调查的样本容量为
；
（2）扇形统计图中：m＝
，n＝
，将条形统计图补充完整；
（3）样本中，学生参加线上辅导时间的众数所在等级为
；
（4）八年级学生每周参加线上辅导时间在 1≤t＜3 的范围内较为合理，若该校八年级共
有 900 名学生，请估计本校八年级参加线上辅导时间较为合理的学生有
其中正确的个数有（ ）
A．1
B．2
C．3
D．4
二、填空题（本题共 5 小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分）
11．（3 分）﹣8 的立方根是
．
12．（3 分）某次检测中，一个 10 人小组，其中 6 人的平均成绩是 90 分，其余 4 人的平均
成绩是 80 分，那么这个 10 人小组的平均成绩是
．
13．（3 分）一次函数 y＝kx+b（k≠0）的图象如图所示，点 A（x1，y1）和点 B（x2，y2）是
．
三、解答题（本题共 7 小题，其中第 16 题 8 分，第 17 题 5 分，第 18 题 8 分，第 19 题 7
分，第 20 题 8 分，第 21 题 9 分，第 22 题 10 分，共 55 分）
16．（8 分）计算．
（1）
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宝安区2020－2021学年第二学期期末调研测试卷八年级语文2021．7说明：1．全卷共三道大题，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，请检查试卷和答题卡是否完整无破损；然后将考生信息用规定的笔填涂在答题卡的指定位置。
3．答题时将答案写在答题卷的指定位置：作文写在作文格内；不得使用涂改液。
4．保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只上交答题卡。
一、基础（27分）本学期，学校开展了“深圳第一路”的实地研学活动，请根据要求完成1-6题。
深南大道是深圳的一张特色名片，它①páng bó、大气、华贵、蓬勃的气质足以征服每一个与它相遇的人。
深南大道横穿罗湖，福田和南山三区，西连宝安，是名副其实．．．．的“深圳第一路”。
作为城市的脊椎。
深南大道的变迁，强烈地证明深圳这座城市的迅猛发展。
他从当年尘土飞扬的碎石土路修缮成如今具有吸尘和降噪功能的沥青大道；从单纯的交通道路绿化为具有观赏价值的景观大道。
深南大道还串联起这座城市许多经典的地标建筑；南头古城、世界之窗、市民中心、华强北……②yǎn yì了深圳政治、经济、文化的发展，与城市的发展相辅相成．．．．的姿态发展升级成为一条公园大道，助力深圳迈向全球卓．．．．。
未来，深南大道还将继续以目空一切著的公园城市新时代。
1．请你根据拼音写出汉字。
（2分）①páng bó______________②yǎn yì______________2．文中加点成语的运用，不符合语境的一项是（）（3分）A．名副其实B．相辅相成C．目空一切3．画波浪线的句子有语病，请修改后将正确句子写在答题卡相应位置上。
（2分）4．小文利用周末游览深南大道两侧景点，第一站是“南头古城”。
以下是古城入口处的介绍文字，说法不正确．．．的一项是：（）（3分）现存的南头古城始建于明洪武二十七年（1394年），原为东莞守御千户所所城。
古城呈不规则的长方形，枕山西海，四周原有壕沟围绕。
有东、西、南、北的4个城门名为聚奎、镇海、宁南、拱辰。
拱形城门上有一块长方形石块，上用小篆阴刻“宁南”二字。
①现东城门清代重修，西城门被毁，北城墙尚存一段高低不等、断断续续的遗址，唯南城门保存完好。
⑨南门底宽10米，高4米半，城楼已毁。
城墙斑驳，苔藓荫生。
城门保存历史原貌。
③古朴雄伟的南头古城，是岭南古文化的宝贵遗存，它经历并记录着深圳地区的历史变迁。
A．入口处的这段文字对古城的概况进行了介绍说明，方便游客了解古城。
B．这段文字重点介绍了南头古城的四个城门，特别是保存完好的南城门。
C．划线句放在第②句后更合适，作为南城门的补充说明，使逻辑更清晰。
D．第②句对古城南门的说明，主要采用列数字、摹状貌、打比方等方法。
5．以下是小文和讲解员的交流，请根据对话内容，推测小文的问题。
（）（3分）小文：________________________________________________________讲解员：南头古城是深圳市四史学习教育实践基地之一，正值中国共产党成立100周年，我们特别举办“寻迹党史·红色古城”系列活动，通过活动激活古城的文化基因。
深入挖掘古城历史文化及教育价值，打造红色文化品牌，传承家国情怀。
A．南头古城存在的意义有哪些？B．南头古城更新之后有何不同？C．南头古城如何打造红色文化？D．南头古城有什么特色文化吗？6．根据语境，仿照划线句子，把文段补充完整。
（2分）深南大道的最西端，截至南山区的南头古城，这也是深南大道中“南”字的由来。
深南大道一头连着历史，一头通往未来；一头连着悠远的过去，一头通往繁华的当下；___________,__________……深南大道，由此也成为一个富有立体感的城市隐喻。
7．小文发现不少现代流行语早就在古诗文中有所体现，类似的意思用古诗文表达更加优美、隽永。
请你帮他完成表格。
（每空一分，共10分）．．．望洞庭湖赠张丞相（唐）孟浩然八月湖水平，涵虚混太清。
气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城。
欲济无舟楫，端居耻圣明。
坐观垂钓者，徒有羡鱼情。
A．首联“平”“涵”“混”等词富有表现力，写出洞庭湖水天相接的宏伟景象。
B．颔联运用对偶、夸张的修辞，表现出洞庭湖烟波浩渺的壮观和汹涌澎湃的气势。
C．诗的后四句由写景转入抒情，以隐喻的形式表达出“赠长丞相”的实意，委婉含蓄。
D．尾联以垂钓者喻“张丞相”，借“临渊羡鱼”的典故抒发了对张丞相的羡慕之情。
二、阅读（48分）（一）阅读下面选文，完成9-12题。
（12分）【甲】世有伯乐，然后有千里马。
千里马常有，而伯乐不常有。
故虽有名马，祗辱于奴隶人之手，骈死于槽枥之间，不以千里称也。
马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。
食马者不知其能千里而食．也。
是马也，虽有千里之能，食不饱，力不足，才美不外见，且欲与常马等不可得，安求其能千里也？策．之不以其道，食之不能尽其材，鸣之而不能通其意，执策而临之，曰：“天下无马！”呜呼！其真无马邪？其真不知马也！（选自韩愈《马说》）【乙】道州城西百余步，有小溪。
南流数十步，合营溪。
水抵两岸，悉．皆怪石，欹嵌盘曲，不可名状。
清流触石洄悬激注①佳木异竹垂阴相荫。
此溪若在山野之上，则宜逸民退士之所游处；在人间，则可为都邑之胜境，静者之林亭。
而置州②以来，无人赏爱；徘徊溪上，为之怅然。
乃疏凿芜秽，俾③为亭宇；植松与桂，兼之香草，以裨④形胜。
为溪在州右，遂命之曰右溪。
刻铭石上，彰．示来者。
（节选自元结⑤《右溪记》）【注释】①悬，激水触石溅起高高的浪花。
注，容水急如灌注一般。
②置州：设置道州。
③俾（bǐ）：使。
④裨（bì）：补助，增添。
⑤元结（719～772年）：唐代诗人，开新乐府运动之先声。
应举落第后，归隐商余山，安史之乱时避难江南，仕途坎坷。
9．参考表格提示的方法，解释文中加点词。
（2分）文言词句方法解释不知其能千里而食．也语境猜测法（1）_______策．之不以其道成语迁移法：策马扬鞭（2）_______悉．皆怪石课内迁移法：“男女衣着，悉如外人”。
（3）_______彰．示来者字典查询法：①明显，显著；②显扬，彰显；③表扬，表彰；④姓氏。
（4）_______ 10．根据你的理解，用“/”给文中加横线句子断句，限三处。
（3分）清流触石洄悬激注佳木异竹垂阴相荫。
11．用现代汉语翻译下列向子。
（4分）（1）且欲与常马等不可得，安求其能千里也？（2）而置州以来，无人赏爱；徘徊溪上，为之怅然！12．甲文以说马论人事，乙文借写景抒人情，这是两文在写作上的相似之处。
两文抒发的情感也存在共同点，请你结合文章内容进行分析。
（3分）（二）阅读下面选文，完成13-16题。
（11分）材料一：人口普查是一项重要的国情调查，能为生育、养老、教育、就业等政策制定提供基础数据支持，成为国家决策的重要依据，其重要性毋庸置疑。
我国第七次全国人口普查的标准时点是2020年11月1日零时，普查对象是标准时点在中华人民共和国境内的自然人以及在中华人民共和国境外但未定居的中国公民，不包括在中华人民共和国境内短期停留的境外人员。
在境内居住的港澳台居民和外国人也属于普查对象。
材料二：中华人民共和国历史上的七次人口普查特点对比时间特点1953年新中国第一次采用全面科学的方法开展人口普查；采用登记常住人口的办法，由户主到登记站登记。
1964年首次将“文化程度”“职业”等加入普查项目为制定第三个五年计划和长远规划提供了可靠依据。
材料三：中国第七次人口普查结果正式公布中国第七次人口普查结果正式公布，全人口共14178万人。
历次全国人口普查数据一览表如图。
材料四：5月17日，深圳市统计局正式发布我市第七次全国人口普查公报。
普查结果显示，深圳市常住人口（含深汕特别合作区）1756．01万人，与2010年的第六次全国人口普查的1042．40万人相比，增加713．61万人。
《公报》显示，深圳龙岗、宝安、龙华人口增加较多。
常住人口超过200万人的区为宝安（447．66万人）、龙岗（397．90万人）和龙华（252．89万人），合计占全市人口比为62．55%‰。
与2010年比，人口增加较多的区为龙岗、宝安、龙华、南山和光明，分别增加209．46万人、183．76万人、114．94万人、70．75万人和61．44万人。
出现这一现象的主要原因是，高新区域的人才引进，同时拉动家庭人口及相关服务人口的流入。
深圳进入了粤港澳大湾区、深圳先行示范区“双区”驱动，深圳经济特区、深圳先行示范区“双区”叠加的黄金发展期，吸引了大量的人口流入。
同时，随着深圳经济社会的快速发展及交通的便捷，缩短了城区间的空间距离，区域一体化逐步加强。
13．阅读材料二，对比历次普查工作特点，你发现了哪些变化？请写出三点。
（3分）14．对上述材料进行的概括和分析，不正确．．．的一项是（）（2分）A．小文表姐是中国公民，她在法国留学还有一年才学成归国，因疫情影响未能及时回国，可以不参加第七次人口普查登记。
B．据材料一的宣传海报，一个地区有多少孩子要上学，上学难不难，要制定和完善相关政策，解决相关问题，有赖于详尽的人口信息。
C．分析材料三中国第七次人口普查结果图，我们可以得知，我国人口老龄化率和城镇化率持续攀升，再创新高。
D．根据材料四可以得知：宝安、龙岗、龙华三区人口数量及10年间人口增长数量位列全市前三。
15．根据材料四思考：一个地区要吸引和招揽更多人才，可以从哪些方面入手？（3分）16．国务院第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室征集第七次全国人口普查宣传标语和口号，以下入选的三句标语，请任选一句，谈谈其妙处。
（3分）（1）大国点名，没你不行（2）@所有人，人口普查需要您来打卡！（3）米袋子，菜篮子，关键摸清几口子！（三）阅读下面选文，完成17-21题。
（16分）书匠①秋天的时候，我父亲接到了小龙的电话。
②小龙说，毛羽，这个老董，差点没把我气死。
③父亲问他怎么回事。
④他说，馆里昨天开了一个古籍修复的研讨会，请了许多业界有声望的学者.我好心让老董列席，他竟然和那些权威叫起板来。
说起来，还是因为馆里来了本清雍正国子监刊本《论语》，很稀见。
可是书皮烧毁了一多半，给修复带来很大难度。
省外的专家，都主张将整页书皮换掉。
没承想老董跟人家轴上了，说什么“不遇良工，宁存故物”，还是修旧如旧那套陈词滥调，弄得几个专家都下不了台。
其中一个，当时就站起身要走，说，我倒要看看，到哪里找这么个“良工”。
老董也站起来，说，好，给我一个月，我把这书皮补上。
不然，我就从馆里走人，永远离开修书行。
你说说看，仪器做了电子配比都没辙。
一个肉眼凡胎，却要跟自己过不去，还立了军令状。
毛羽，再想保他，我怕是有心无力了。
⑤父亲找到老董，说，董哥，你怎么应承我的？⑥老董不说话，闷着头，不吱声。