2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (新课标Ⅰ卷) Word含答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标Ⅰ卷)英 语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是 C 。
1.what will James do tomorrow ?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She's generour.B.She's curious.C.She's helpful.3.When does the traif leave?A.At 6:30.B.At8:30.C.At 10:30.4.How does the wonar sRwr?mA.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changiny her major.7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.cation.C.Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.9.what is the man doing for the woman?A.looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In an office.B.At homeC.At a restaurant.11.What will the speakers do tomorow evening?A.Goto a concert.B.Visit a friendC.work extra hours.12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike .B.JoanC.Catherine .听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C. Its quality .15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.It's a good size.B.It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped .16.What will the woman probably do next?此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.Make payment .听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans .B.News reporters.C.College students .18.When did the speaker take Engishlclasses? wwnA.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years old.19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.He's proud.B.He's sympathetic.C.He's grateful .20.What does the speaker mainly talk about ?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability —the cherry blossoms—disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role —showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11."We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply wecan make this food ourselves. "The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of I TV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Ea ster special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a light budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？plex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment— and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped bygeneration — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices —we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018高考新课标全国1卷英语试题及答案.doc
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是C。
1．What does the woman think of the movie?A．It’s amusing B．It’s exciting C．It’s disappointing2．How will Susan spend most of her time in France?A．Traveling around B．Studying at a school C．Looking after her aunt3．What are the speakers talking about?A．Going out B．Ordering drinks C．Preparing for a party4．Where are the speakers?A．In a classroom B．In a library C．In a bookstore5．What is the man going to do?A．Go on the Internet B．Make a phone call C．Take a train trip第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
2023高考新课标1卷英语真题及答案(word文档版)
2023高考新课标1卷英语真题及答案(word文档版)2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国Ⅰ卷)英语本试卷共 12 页。
考试结束后 , 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项 : 1. 答题前 , 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 , 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂 ; 非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写 , 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答 , 超出答题区域书写的答案无效 ; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出 , 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁 , 不要折叠 , 不要弄破、弄皱 , 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分听力( 1-20 小题)在笔试结束后进行。
(共 5 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题 , 从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后 , 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?A. ?19.15.B. ?9.18.C. ?9.15.答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will Jack probably do this weekend?A. Go camping.B. Visit a friend.C. Watch a film.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Take care of her bags.B. Pack the food for her.C. Check the train schedule.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the man see Bob?A. This Friday.B. This Saturday.C. Next Monday.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man apologize?A. For the terrible food.B. For the overcharge.C. For the waiter’s rudeness.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. Writing a book.B. Holding a celebration.C. Buying a present.第二节(共 15 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 22.5 分)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(新课标1卷,含解析)
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（新课标1卷，含解析）注意事项：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至13页。
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。
3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，搭载本试卷上无效。
4. 第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。
5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）（略）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15B.£ 9.18C.£ 9.15答案是C。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AMonthly Talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. Th ey end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of nanal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil enginerrs”.December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Smoudwater Canal is moving towards reopenling. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings:/bookMore into:/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.mobiTel:020 ********21.When is the talk on James Brindley?A. February 6th.B. March 6th.C. November 7th.D. December 5th.22. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers.B. Ice for the MetropolisC. Eyots and Aits- Thames IslandsD. An Update on the Cotsword Canals23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.A. Miranda VickersB. Malcolm TuckerC. Chris LewisD. Liz PayneBThe freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer ofgratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal- and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened whenI learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?A. Exciting.B. Boring.C. Relaxing.D. Annoying.25. What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile?A. Having a swim.B. Breathing in fresh air.C. Walking in the morning sun.D. Visiting a local farmer’s market.26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?A. They are soft.B. They look nice.C. They taste great.D. They are juicy.27. What was the author going to that evening?A. Go to a farm.B. Check into a hotel.C. Eat in a restaurant.D. Buy fresh vegatables.CSalvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes refl ecting the artist’s showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-thea tre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?A. Optimistic.B. ProductiveC. Generous.D. Traditional.29. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?A. One of his masterworks.B. A successful screen adaptation.C. An artistic creation for the stage.D. One of the beat TV programmes.30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?A. By popularity.B. By importance.C. By size and shape.D. By time and subject.31. What does th e word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Artworks.B. Projects.C. Donations.D. Documents.DConflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a you nger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.32.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?A. Learn a new subjectB. Keep in touch with friends.C. Show off their knowledge.D. Express their true feelings.33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?A. They are less frequently visited.B. They stay open for longer hours.C. They have bigger night crowds.D. They start to serve fast food.34. What are theme cafes expected to do?A. Create more jobs.B. Supply better drinks.C. Save the cafe business.D. Serve the neighborhood.35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?A. They bring people true friendship.B. They give people spiritual support.C. They help people realize their dreams.D. They offer a platform for business links.D篇．文章大意：文章主要讲述了精神咖啡馆在法国越来越受欢迎。
2018年高考真题英语全国一卷Word版含答案完整版.doc
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标Ⅰ卷) 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration Tour This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals D. Safety lights B Good Morning Britain ’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11. "We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. " The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health , which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transform s the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a light budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？plex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018高考真题英语全国一卷Word版附附答案解析
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅰ卷)英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11."We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. "The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transform s the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a light budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjiguin Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？plex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment— and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试试题(word版)
2018 年3 月天津高考英语试卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.A．or B．and C．but D．while答案是B。
1．—Shall I tell John our secret?—No, you mustn’t. .A．Take it easy B．It sounds like a great ideaC．If you don’t mind D．It’s just between you and me 2．Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need to complete the things you want to do.A．it B．that C．them D．ones 3．—What’s wrong with the door?—The key has got stuck in it and come out.A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t4．—I know you want to talk about this report, but I’d like to tell you about our new partner.—_. We can talk about him later.A．Let’s stick to the point B．It’s nice of youC．It’s really hard to say D．Y ou’ll make it5．It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to a good map before you set out.A．study B．display C．deliver D．publish 6．Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, what she thought was necessary.A．ordered B．orderingC．to have ordered D．having been ordered7．There was a long wait at the reception desk, everyone was checking in.A．why B．which C．whom D．where8．I jumped with joy the moment I my driver’s license in the mail.A．receive B．received C．had received D．would receive 9．Can we stop the ______ of the world’s deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A．loss B．heat C．spread D．defence 10．He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was his father had expected.A．why B．how C．that D．what 11．There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money for medical research has been well spent.A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 12．When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually books that offer useful information.A．point to B．turn to C．attend to D．belong to 13．Make sure you save all your work on screen the computer breaks down.A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 14．Jane wishes that she foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A．studied B．had studiedC．would study D．might have studied15．What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music?A．as B．who C．that D．which第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35 各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2018年高考英语试题(天津卷)word
绝密★启用前.word格式.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试第Ⅰ卷2018.6.8注意事项：1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2、本卷共55小题，共95分第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
01. ---Wasn’t Joan supposed to be here by now?---______. She will be here in about twenty minutes.A. All rightB. Don’t worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself02. Kate, ______sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whoB. thatC. whoseD. her03. At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he_______ as she was so confident about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up04. Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ______they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC. even thoughD. so that05. ---I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.---_________. Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding06. The ______that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation07. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph_________.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take08. It took him a long time to ______ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test09. The gold medal will be awarded to ______ wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10. I can’t find my purse. I _____ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11. Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went _______.A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random12. I didn’t mean ______ anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help _______it.A. to eat; to tryB. eating; tryingC. eating; to tryD. to eat; trying13. My washing machine ______ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where15. If we _______the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语真题(含听力word版有答案解析)
英语
姓名________________准考证号________________
全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：
1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8 Why is Kathy in California now?
A.She is on vacation there.B.She has just moved there.C.She is doing business there.
A.Aim high.B.Keep focused.C.Stay optimistic.
C.Having no time for their children.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first?
A.To keep records of her progress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6.What will the weather be like today?
A.Stormy.B.Sunny.C.Foggy.
7.What is the man going to do?
A.Plant a tree.B.Move his car.C.Check the map.
精品解析：2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语高考真题解析(参考版)-A4答案卷尾
B．To sell home-grown vegetables.
C．To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15．Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries?
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.GROUPS
A．To discover mineral resources.B．To develop new wildlife parks.
C．To protect the local ecosystem.D．To conduct biological research.
22．What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A．A pop star.B．An old song.C．A radio program.
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲——英语+Word版
英语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。
4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。
考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。
附录1语音项目表1.基本读音•26个字母的读音•元音字母在重读音节中的读音•元音字母在轻读音节中的读音•元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音•常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音•辅音字母组合的读音•辅音连缀的读音•成节音的读音2.重音•单词重音•句子重音3.读音的变化•连读•失去爆破•弱读•同化4.语调与节奏•意群与停顿•语调•节奏1.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用2.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧3.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2语法项目表1.名词3.可数名词及其单复数4.不可数名词5.专有名词6.名词所有格2.代词1.人称代词2.物主代词3.反身代词4.指示代词5.不定代词6.疑问代词3.数词1.基数词2.序数词(1)介词和介词短语(2)连词(3)形容词(比较级和最高级)(4)副词(比较级和最高级)(5)冠词(6)动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(1)一般将来时(2)现在进行时(3)过去进行时(4)过去将来时(5)将来进行时(6)现在完成时(7)过去完成时(8)现在完成进行时(1)被动语态(2)非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语(1)简单句的基本句型(2)主谓一致(3)并列复合句(4)主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句(1)间接引语(2)省略(3)倒装(4)强调(5)虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表(1)社会交往(Social Communications)(1)问候(Greetings)(2)介绍(Introduction)(3)告别(Farewells)(4)感谢(Thanks)(5)道歉(Apologies)(6)邀请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)(11)约会(Making appointments)(12)打电话(Making telephone calls)(13)就餐(Having meals)(14)就医(Seeing the doctor)(15)购物(Shopping)(16)问路(Asking the way)(17)谈论天气(T alking about weather)(18)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(W arning and prohibition)(21)劝告(Advice)(22)建议(Suggestions)(2)态度(Attitudes)(1)同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(2)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)(3)肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)(4)可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)(5)能够和不能够(Ability and inability)(1)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(2)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)(3)希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)(4)表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)(5)责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)(6)冷淡(Indifference)(7)判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation) 3.情感(Emotions)(8)高兴(Happiness)(9)惊奇(Surprise)(10)忧虑(Worries)(11)安慰(Reassurance)(12)满意(Satisfaction)(13)遗憾(Regret)(14)同情(Sympathy)(15)恐惧(Fear)(16)愤怒(Anger)4.时间(Time)(44)时刻(Point of time)(1)时段(Duration)(2)频度(Frequency)(3)时序(Sequence)5.空间(Space)(4)位置(Position)(5)方向(Direction)(6)距离(Distance)6.存在(Existence)(7)存在与不存在(Existence and Non-existence)7.特征(Features)(8)形状(Shape)(9)颜色(Colour)(1)材料(Material)(2)价格(Price)(3)规格(Size)(4)年龄(Age)8.计量(Measurement)(1)长度(Length)(2)宽度(Width)(3)高度(Height)(4)数量(Number)9.比较(Comparison)(5)同级比较(Equal comparison)(6)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)(7)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)10.逻辑关系(Logical relations)(8)原因和结果(Cause and effect)(9)目的(Purpose)11.职业(Occupations)(1)工作(Jobs)(2)单位(Employer)附录4话题项目表(1)个人情况(Personal information)(2)家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friends and people around)(3)周围的环境(Personal environments)(4)日常活动(Daily routines)(5)学校生活(School life)(6)兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)(7)个人感情(Emotions)(8)人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)(9)计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)(10)节假日活动(Festivals,holidays and celebrations)(11)购物(Shopping)(12)饮食(Food and drink)(13)健康(Health)(14)天气(Weather)(15)文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)(16)旅游和交通(T ravel and transport)(17)语言学习(Language learning)(18)自然(Nature)(19)世界与环境(The world and the environment)(20)科普知识与现代技术(P opular science and modern technology)(21)热点话题(T opical issues)(22)历史与地理(History and geography)(23)社会(Society)(24)文学与艺术(Literature and art)附录5词汇表Aa(an)art abandon v ability nable a abnormal aab o ar d prep abolish v abortion n about ad&prep above prep,a&ad ab r o ad ad abrupt a absence n absent a absolute a absorb v abstract a&n absurd a abundant aab u se v academic a&n academy n accelerate v accent n accept v access n&v accessible a accident n accommodation naccomp any v accomplish v account n accountant n accumulate v accuracy n accurate a accuse v accustomed a ache v&n achieve v achievement n acid a acknowledge v acquaintance n acquire v acquisition n acre n across prep act n&v action n active a activity n actor n actress n actual a acute aAD abbrad=advertisement n adapt v adaptation naddvaddicted a addition n address n adequate a adjust v adjustment n administration n admirable a admire v admission n admit v adolescence n adolescent a&n adopt vad or e vadult nadv ance v&n adv antage n adventure n advertise v advertisement n advice nadvise v advocate vaffair naffect v affection n afford vafraid aAfrica n African a&n after ad,prep&conj afternoon n afterward(s)ad again ad against prepage nagency n agenda nagent n aggressive aago adagr ee v agreement n agricultural a agriculture n ahead adaid n&vAIDS naim n&vair naircraft nairline nairmail n airplane n airport n airspace nalarm n&valbum nalcohol n alcoholic a&n algebra nalike adalive aall ad,a&pron allergic aalley nallocate vallow vallowance nalmost adalone aalong ad&prep alongside adaloud adalphabet nalready adalso ad alternative a although conj altitude n altogether ad aluminium(Am aluminum)n always adamv(be)a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze v amazing a amb assad or n amb assadress n ambi guous a ambition n ambulance n America n among prep amount n&v ample a amuse v amusement n analyse v analysis n ancestor n anchor v&n ancient aand conjane cd ot e n anger nangle nangry a animal n ankle n anniversary n ann ou nce v annoy v annual a another a&pron answer n&v ant nAntarctic a antique n anxiety n anxious a any pron&a anybody pron anyhow ad any one pron anything pron anyway ad anywhere ad ap art ad&a ap artmen t n apologize v apology n app ar en t a appeal v&n ap pe ar v appearance n appendix n appetite n applaud v&n apple n applicant n application n apply v appoint v app oin tmen t n appreciate v appreciation n appr o ach n&v appropriate a approval nappr ove v approximately ad apr on n arbitrary aarch n architect n architecture n Arctic aare v(be)area nar gue var g ume nt n arise(arose,arisen) varithmetic n arm n&v armchair narmy nar oun d ad&prep arrange v arrangemen t n arrest varrival narrive varrow nart narticle n artificial aartist nas ad,conj&prepash n ashamed a Asia n Asian a&n aside ad ask v asleep a aspect n assess v assessment n assist v assistance n assistant n associate v association n assu me v assumption n astonish v att e nd vattention nattitude nattract vattraction nattractive aaudience naun t nauthentic aauthor nauthority nautomatic a autonomous aautumn navailable aavenue naverage a&navoid vawake(awoke,awoken)v&astronaut n astr onomer n astronomy n at prep athlete n athletic a Atlantic a atmosph e r e n atom n attach v attack v&n attain v attempt v&n aaward n aware a away adaw e some a awful a awkward aBb aby n bachelor n back ad,a&n b ack ground nbackward(s)adb acon n bacterium(pl bacteria)n bad(worse,worst)ab ad mi n t on nbag nbaggage nbakery nbalance nbalcony nball nballet nballoon nbamboo nban n&vbanana nband nbandage nb ank nbar nb arbecue nbarber nb arbershop nb are abargain n&vbark v&nbarrier nb ase nbaseball n basement nbasic a basin nbasis nbask et n basketball nb at nbath nbathe vbathroom n bathtub nbattery nbattle nbay nBC abbrbe(am,is,are,was, were,being,been)v beach nbean nbean curd nbear1nbear2vbe ar d nbeast nbeat(beat,beaten)v&n beautiful abeauty nbecause conj become(became,become) vbed nbeddings n bedroom nbee nbeef nbeer nbefore prep,ad&conj beg vbegin(began,begun)v behalf nbehave vbehaviour(Am behavior) behind prep&ad being nbelief nbelieve vbell nbelly nbelong vbelow prepbelt nbench nbend(bent,bent)v beneath prep beneficial a benefit n&vbent a&nbeside prep besides prep&ad betray vbe tw e en prepbey ond prep bicycle nbid v&nbig a nbike=bicycle nbill nbingo nbiochemistry nbiography nbiology nbird nbirth nbirthday nbirthplace nbiscuit nbishop nbit nbite(bit,bitten)vbitter ablack a&nblackboard nblame n&vblank n&ablanket nbleed vbless vblind ablock n&vblood nblouse nblow(blew,blown)vblue n&aboard n&vboat nbod y nboil v bomb n&v bond n&v bone n bonus n book n&v boom n&v boot n booth nbor der n bored a boring a born a borrow v boss n botanical a botany n both a&pron bother v bottle n bottom n bounce v bound a boundary n bow v&n bowl n bowling n box n boxing n boy n boycott v brain nbrak e n&vbranch nbrand nbrave abravery nbr e ad nbreak(broke,broken)v&n breakfast nbreak thr ough nbreast nbreath nbr eathe v breathless abrewery nbrick nbride nbridegr oom nbridge nbrief abright abrilliant abring(brought,brought)v broad abroadcast(broadcast, broadcast或-ed,-ed)v brochure nbrok en abroom nbrother nbr own n&abrunch nbrush v&n Buddhism n budget nbuffet nbuild(built,built)v building n bunch n bungalow nbu r de n n bureaucratic a burglar nburn(burnt,burnt或-ed,-ed)v&n burst vbury vbus nbu sh n business n businessman/woman(pl businessmen/women) busy abut conj&prep butcher n&vbutter nbutterfly nbutton n&vbuy(bought,bought)v by prepbye int nCcab ncabbage ncafe ncafeteria ncage ncake ncalculate vcall n&vcalm a&vcamel ncamera ncamp n&vcampaign ncan1(could);can’t=canno modalvcan2ncanal ncancel vcancer ncandidate ncandle ncandy ncanteen ncap ncapital ncapsule ncaptain ncaption ncar ncarbon ncard ncare n&vcareful a careless a carpenter ncarpet ncarriage ncarrier ncarrot ncarry vcartoon ncarve vcase ncash n&v cassette ncast(cast,cast)v castle ncasual acatncatalogue n catastrophe ncatch(caught,caught)v category ncater vCatholic acattle ncause n&v caution n cautious acave nCD=compact disk n ceiling n celebrate v celebration ncell ncent ncentigrade a centimetre(Am centimeter)n central acentre(Am center)n century n ceremony ncertain a certificate nchain nchair nchairman/woman(pl chairmen/women) nchalk nchallenge n challenging a champion n chance nch ange n&v changeable a channel nchant v&nchaos nchapter n character n characteristic a&ncharge v&n chart nchat n&v cheap acheat n&v check n&v cheek ncheer n&v cheerful a cheers int cheese nchef n chemical a&n chemist n chemistry n cheque(Am check)n chess nchest nchew v chicken nchief a&nchild(pl children)n childhood n chocolate n choice nchoir nchok e n&vchoose(chose,chosen) chopsticks n chorus n Christian n vChristmas nchurch ncigar ncigarette ncinema ncircle n&vcircuit ncirculate vcircumstance ncircus ncitizen ncity ncivil acivilian ncivilization nclap vclarify vclass nclassic aclassify vclassmate nclassroom nclaw nclay nclean v&acleaner nclear aclerk nclever aclick vclimate nclimb v clinic n clock n clone v close a&ad cloth n clothes n clothing n cloud n cloudy a club n clumsy a coach n coal n coast n coat n coco a n coffee n coin n coincidence n cok e ncold a&n collar n colleague n collect v collection n college n collision ncolour(Am color) comb n&v combine v n&vcome(came,come)vcomedy ncomfort ncomfortable acommand n&vcomment ncommercial acommit vcommi tmen t ncommittee ncommon acommunicate vcommunication ncommunism ncommunist n&acomp anion ncomp any ncomp ar e vcomp ass ncomp ensat e vcompete vcomp e te nce ncompetition ncomplete a&vcomplex a&ncomponent ncomposition ncomprehension ncompr omise vcompulsory acompu ter nconcentrate vconcept n concern v&n concert n conclude v conclusion n concrete a condemn v condition n conduct v conductor nconference n confident a confidential a confirm v conflict n confuse v congratulate v congratulation n connect v connection n conscience n consensus n consequence n conservation n conservative a consider v considerate a consideration n consist v consistent a constant a constitution n construct v construction n consult v consultant n con sume v contain v container n contemporary a content1n content2a continent n continue v contradict v contradictory a contrary n&a contribute v contribution n control v&n controversial a convenience n convenient a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n&v cook er n cookie ncool acopy n&v corn ncorner n corporation n correct v&a correction n correspond v corrupt a&v cost n&v cosy(Am cozy)a cottage n cotton n&a cou g h n&v could modal v count v counter n country n countryside n couple n couragencourse ncourt n courtyard n cousin n cover n&v cow ncrash v&n crayon n crazy a cream n create v creature ncredit ncrew ncrime ncriminal n criterion(pl criteria) ncrop ncross n&v crossing n crossroads n crowd n&vcruel acry n&vcube ncubic acuisine nculture ncup ncupbo ar d ncure n&v curious a currency n curriculum n curtain n cushion n custom n customer n customs ncut(cut,cut)v&n cycle vcyclist nDdad=daddy n daily a,ad&n dam n damage n&v damp a&n dan ce n&vd an ge r nd an ge r ou s a dar e v&modal v dark a&n darkness n dash v&nd ata nd atab ase n date n&v daug hte r n dawn nday ndead a deadline ndeaf adeal ndear adeath n debate n&v debt n decade n decide v decision n declare vdecline v decorate v decoration n decrease vdeed ndeep a&addeer ndefeat vdefence(Am defense) ndefend vdegree ndelay n&vdelete v&n deliberately ad delicate a delicious adelight n delighted adeliver vdemand vdentist n department(Dept.)n dep arture n depend vdeposit v&ndepth ndescribe v description n desert v&n deserve vdesign v&n desire v&n desk n desperate a dessert n destination n destroy v detective n determine v develop v development n devote v devotion n diagram n dial vdialogue(Am dialog) d i amond n diary n dictation n dictionary ndie vdiet ndiffer v difference n different a difficult a difficulty ndig(dug,dug)v digest vdigital a dignity n ndilemma ndimension ndinner ndinosaur ndioxide ndip vdiploma ndirect a&vdirection ndirector ndirectory ndirty adisability ndisabled adisadv antage ndisagree vdisagreement ndisappear vdisappoint vdisappointed adisaster ndiscount ndiscourage vdiscover vdiscovery ndiscrimination ndiscuss vdiscussion ndisease ndisgusting adish ndisk=disc n dislike v dismissv distance n distant a distinction n distinguish v distribute v district n disturbv disturbing a dive v diverse a divide v divisionn divorce v dizzy a do(did,done)v doctor n document n dogndoll ndollar n donate vdoor n dormitory(dorm)n dot ndouble a&n doubt n&v down prep&ad downlo ad n&v downstairs ad downt own ad,n&a d oze n nDr=doctor ndraft n&vdrag vdraw(drew,drawn)v drawback n drawer ndream(dreamt,dreamt 或-ed,-ed)n&v dress n&vdrill n&vdrink(drank,drunk)v drive(drove,driven)v driver ndrop n&vd rug ndrum ndrunk adry v&aduck ndue adull a dumpling n during prepdusk ndust ndustbin ndusty aduty n,DVD=digital versatile diskn dynamic a dynasty nEeach a & pron eager a eagle nearnearlya & adearn v earth n earthquak e neasta ,ad & nEaster n eastern aeasy aeat(ate,eaten) v ecology n edge n edition n editor neducate v educationneducator n effect n effort n egg n eggplant neither a ,conj & adelder nelect velectric a electrical a electricity n electronic a elegant a elephant n else ad e-mail n & vembarrass v emb assy n emergency n e mpe r or n employ v empty a encourage ve ncourage me nt n end n &vending n endless a enemy n energetic aenergy nengine n engineer n enjoy v enjoyable a enlarge venough pron a & ad enquiry nenter venterprise n entertainment n enthusiastic a entire a entrance n entry n envelope n environment n envy v&n equal a&v equality n equip ve qu ipme n t n eraser n error nerupt v escape n&v especially ad essay n Europe n European a&n evaluate v even ad evening n event n eventually ad ever ad every a everybody pron everyday a everyone pron everything pron everywhere ad evidence n evident a evolution n exact aexam=examination nexamine v example n excellent a except prep exchange n&v excite v excuse n&v exercise n&v exhibition n exist v existence nexit nexp and v expect v expectation n expense n expensive a experience n experiment n expert n explain v explanation n explicit a explode vexplore v fantastic a export n&v fantasy n expose v far(farther,farthestexpress v&n expression n extension n extra a extraordinary a extreme a eye n eyesight nF 或further,furthest)a&ad fare nfarm nfarmer nfast a&adfasten vfat n&afather nfault nfavour(Am favor)n favourite(Am favorite)a&face n&vfacial afact nfactory nfade vfail v&nfailure nfair1afair2nfaith nfall1(fell,fallen)v fall2(Am)=au tu mn n false afamiliar afamily n famous afan nfancy n,v&a nfax n&v fear nfeast n feather n federal afee nfeed(fed,fed)v feel(felt,felt)v feeling nfellow n female a&n fence n ferry n festival n&a fetch v fever nfew pron&afibre(Am fiber)n fiction nfield n flat2nflee(fled,fled) flesh nvfierce afight(fought,fought)n&v figure n&v flexible flight n float vafile n flood n&vfill vfilm n&vfinal afinance nfind(found,found)v fine1afine2vfinger n fingernail n finish v&nfire n&v fireworks nfirm1nfirm2afish n&v fisherman nfist nfit a&vfix vflag nflame nflash n flashlight nflat1a floor nflour nflow vflower nflu nfluency nfluent afly1(flew,flown)vfly2nfocus v&nfog nfoggy afold vfolk n&afollow vfond afood nfool n&vfoolish afoot(pl feet)n football nfor prep&conj forbid(forbade,forbidden) vforce vforecast n&v forehead nforeign aforeigner nforesee(foresaw,foreseen)v forest nforever adforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten) forgetful aforgive(forgave,forgiven)v fork nform n&vformat nformer afortnight nfortunate afortune nforward adfoster vfound vfountain nfox nfragile afragrant aframework nfranc nfree afr eedom nfreeway nfreeze(froze,frozen)v freezing a vfrequent afresh afriction nfridge=refrigeratornfriend nfriendly afriendship nfrighten vfrog nfrom prepfront a&nfrontier nfrost nfruit nfry vfuel nfull afun n&afunction n&vfundamental afuneral nfunny afur nfurnished afurniture nfuture nGgain vgallery ngallon ngame ng arage n garbage ng ar de n n garlic ng arme n t n gas ngate n gather v gay a general a&n generation n gener ou s a gentle a gentleman n geography n geometry n gesture n get(got,got)v gift n gifted a giraffe ngirl ngive(gave,given) glad a glance v glare v glass n globe n glory n glove n vglue ngo(went,gone)vgoal ngoat ngod ngold n&agolden agolf ngood(better,best)agoods ngoose(pl geese)ngovern vgove rnment ng rade ngradual agrad uate vgraduation ngrain ngram ng rammar ngrand agrandchild ngrandd aughter ngrandma=grandmother ngrandp a=grandfather ngrandp arents ngrandson ngranny ng rape ngraph ngrasp vgrass ngrateful a gravity ngreat a&ad greedy agr een a&n greengrocer ngr eet v greeting ngrey(Am gray)a grill ngrocer n grocery n ground ngroup ngrow(grew,grown)v growth n guarantee vguar d nguess vguest n guidance nguide nguilty aguitar ngun ngym=gymnasiu m n gymnastics nHhabit n hair nhaircut nhalf a&nhall nham nhambu r g e r nhammer nhand n&vhandbag nhandful n handkerchief nhandle n&v handsome a handwriting nhandy ahang(hung,hung或-ed,-ed) vhappen vhappiness nhappy aharbour(Am harbor)n hard ad&ahardly adhardship n hardworking aharm n&vharmful aharmony nharvest n&vhat nhatch vhate v&nhave(has,had,had)v he pronhead n&vh e ad ach e n headline n headmaster n headmistress n health n healthy ahear(heard,heard)v hearing nheart nheat nheaven nheavy aheel nheight n helicopter n hello inthelmet nhelp n&v helpful ahen nher pronherb nhere adher o nhers pron herself pron hesitate vhi int hide(hid,hidden)v high a&ad highway nhill nhim pronhimself pronhire vhis pronhistory nhit(hit,hit)v&n hobby nhold(held,held)vhole nholiday nholy ahome n&adhomel an d n hometown n homework nhone st ahoney nhonour(Am honor) hook n&vhope n&vhopeful ahopeless ahorrible ahorse nhospital nhost n&vhostess nn&vhot ahotdog nhotel nhour nh ou se n housewife n housework nhow adhowever ad&conj howl vhug vhuge ahuman a&n human being nh u mor ou s a humour(Am humor)n hunger nhungry ahun t vhunter n hurricane nhurry vhurt(hurt,hurt)v husband nhy dr ogen nII pronice nice-cream nidea n identity n identification n idiom nif conj ignore vill aillegal a illness n imagine v immediately ad immigration n import v&n importance n important a impossible a impress v impression n improve vin prep&ad inchnincident n include v income n increase v&n indeed a independencen independent a indicate v industry n influence n&v inform vinformation n initial a injure vinjury nink ninn n innocent a insect ninsert v inside prep&ad insist v inspect v inspire v instant a instead ad institute n institution n instruct v instruction n instrument n insurance n insure v intelligence n intend v intention n interest n interval n interview n&vinto prep introduce v introduction n invent vinvention n invitation ninvite viron n&v irrigation nis v(be)island nit pronits pronitself pronJjacket njam njar njaw njazz njeans njeep njet njewellery(Am jewelry)interesting a international a Internet n interpreter n interrupt v njob n jog v join v joke njournalist n journey njoy njudge n&vju d ge me n t (Am judgment)n juice njump n&v jungle n junior ajust a&ad justice nKkangar oo n keep(kept,kept)v kettle nkey nk eyboard n kick v&nkid nkill vkilo n kilogram nkilometre(Am kilometer) kind1nkind2a kindergarten n kindness nking nkingdom n nkiss n&vkitchen nkite nknee nknife(pl knives)nknock n&vknow(knew,known)vknowledge nLlab=laboratory nlabour(Am labor)nlack n&vlady nlake nlamb nlame alamp nland n&vlanguage nlantern nlap nlarge alast a&vlate a&adlatter nlaugh n&vlaughter nlaundry nlaw nlawyer nlay(laid,laid)v lazy alead(led,led)v&n leader nleaf(pl leaves)n league nleak vlearn(learnt,learnt 或-ed,-ed)v least nleather nleave(left,left)v lecture nleft a,ad&nleg nlegal alemon n&al emon ade n lend(lent,lent)v length n lesson nlet(let,let)v letter nlevel n liberation n liberty n librarian n library n license nlid nlie1n&v lie2(lay,lain)v life(pl lives)n lift v&nlight n,v&a lightning nlike v&prep likely alimit vline n&vlink v&nlion nlip nliquid n&alist n&v listen v literature n literary alitre(Am liter)n litter vlittle(less,least)a live v&a lively aload nloaf nlocal alock n&v lonely along a&ad look n&v loose alorry n1lose(lost,lost) vloss nlotnloud a manage vmanager n mankind nmanner nloungen many(more,most) pron & a love n & v lovely a low a & ad luck n lucky a luggage n lunch n lung nMmachine n mad amadam/madamen magazine n magic a maid n mail n & v mailbox n main a mainland n major a majority nmak e nmak e 2(made,made) vmale a & nman(pl men) nmap nmaple n marathon n marble n march n & v mark n & v mark et n marriage n marry v mask n & v mass n master v & nmat nmat ch v & n material nmathematics=math/maths n matter n & v matur e amaximum a & n may modal vmay be adme pronmeal nmean(meant,meant) vmeaning n。