西方文化英文简介课件
西方文化英文简介-图文
Mediterranean Sea
Terra (Roman)= Gaia (Greek)=Earth Mother
Two elements of Western Culture
• The Greco-Roman element • The Judeo-Christian element
Origins of Western Culture
god of agriculture
Cronus
goddess of plenty
Rhea
Hestia Demeter
goddess of agriculture
goddess of the hearth and its fire
Hera Zeus
the lord of the universe
wife of Zeus goddess of women & marriage
The West
• The Classical West Greco-Roman
• The Medieval West Judeo-Christian
• Transitional Period Renaissance & Reformation
• The Modern West
Scientific Revolution Enlightenment Era of Revolution Great Wars & Cold War Dynamic Changes
oceanus’
Phoebe
Rhea
Tethys
Theia
Themis
3 Cyclopes 3 Hecatonchires
['saiklɔps]
英国文化英文介绍 ppt课件
4、British University
5、British Famous
Scenic Spots
Buckingham Palace
(白金汉宫）
温莎城堡
Hyde Park
（海德公园）
Big Ben (大笨钟)
London Tower Bridge （伦敦塔桥）
The Houses of Parllament (议会大厦）
Do you know them?
-----Equestrian is one of Britain's most favorite sport, very popular in the 18th century, the British royal family, nobility especially popular equestrian sport. Horse Racing is not just a gamble, and is stimulating sport.Leabharlann British Museum
（大英博物馆）
Westminster Abbey
（威斯敏斯特大教堂 ）
Queen Elizabeth II
Royal Wedding
Prince Williama
2、British food
*Afternoon Tea
3、British sports
------soccer
Football - the national sport in England, but also by the enthusiasm of many British people, fascinated by the movement. English Premier League has always been considered the best league in the world, Like Manchester United and Liverpool, Arsenal and Chelsea that are worldrenowned club has won countless fans worldwide support.
英国文化介绍(英文版ppt)
British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.
nutrition营养juice
• Many children at school and adults at work will have a 'packed lunch'. This typically consists of a sandwich, a packet of chips, a piece of fruit and a drink. The 'packed lunch' is kept in a plastic container.
19世纪绅士的内涵：绅士是有职业的人， 他们服务于城市和国家。 19世纪以后，人们已经不再根据血统、 所佩戴的徽章来界定一个人是否是绅士， 而是根据他的举止行为，与今天的界定 非常相近。绅士的这个新定义很快风靡 全球，它鲜明反映了19世纪英国即人们 常说的维多利亚时代的价值观。
• British Breakfast full meal ( called British Breakfast), richer than any other country’s dinner, not only with jam,coffee， croissants 新月形 面包, but ful of
欧美文化概况,英语国家社会与文化入门ppt
Royal Ascot
Religious Holiday
• Reasons: immigration and changing belief
• Catalogs
①Christmas ②Easter ③Ramadan \Chinese New Year
Christmas vs. Easter
Similarities
CelebrationsWal NhomakorabeasEisteddfod
Time: August Origin: Wales→ England
Welsh →English Reminding Wales` special culture
Traditions: tents\pavilions\two poems
Conclusion
Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night) Time: Early Autumn Origin: Guy Fawkes\Public Thanksgiving to Almighty God Traditions: on British streets\effigy Important Event :Bonfire Night celebration
Cricket
• Time: for days • Characteristics:
ruled (financial)\fair play \ snob\distinctive\phrases • Attendances: ①everyone→ the upper classes （public school boy) ②appearance( players and spectators)
Sports
英国文化介绍(英文版ppt)
•
Milk Porridge
Red juice
• Many children at school and adults at work will have a 'packed lunch'. This typically consists of a sandwich, a packet of chips, a piece of fruit and a drink. The 'packed lunch' is kept in a plastic container.
这所房子最初建于1815年。在1860－1934年间， 曾用来出租。小说中的福尔摩斯正是于1881－ 1902年 间居住于此。后来，有人买下了这所房子，直 到1990年，才正式建立了这个在世界上也许是独 一无二的博物馆。博物馆的结构与小说中完全相 同，加上精心的布置，使来此参观的人如同置身 于小说的场景之中 。口叼烟斗，总是带着一顶猎 帽的福尔摩斯，在阿瑟·柯南·道尔（Sir Arthur Conan Doyle）笔下成为闻名全球的名侦探，小 说中福尔摩斯和华生住在贝克街221B的二楼，前 方是他们共用的书房，后端则是福尔摩斯的卧室， 书房中陈列许多 福尔摩斯的道具，如猎鹿帽、放 大镜、烟斗、煤气灯等。博物馆三楼则呈现不同 小说中的知名场景，等福尔摩斯迷来细细比对。 小说中福尔摩斯的房东是韩德森太太 （Mrs. Hudson）。事实上，地铁贝克街站的墙上满是 福尔摩斯的经典侧面像瓷砖，博物馆隔壁也有福 尔摩斯纪念品店。
British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.
美国文化介绍(全英文) PPT
The Bald Eagle is the national bird of the United States of America, and it has become the national emblem of the country
Through the NBA, the world just know, basketball can play this way
Phelps surprised the world with the strength of American sports culture
Football makes the president go crazy.
Disney park for more young generation began to like the United States
There's never been a laeam factory" is the symbol of American entertainment culture
The status of the American Symphony has become more and more important. It is a kind of music culture.
Chinese culture has been a good integration of the United States
A statuette is a reflection of the status quo of film culture
Imagination is the feature of American film culture.
西方文化介绍,中世纪的西方introduction of western culture lesson3 - The Medieval West
The Catholic Church
• Means ‘universal church’ • Tradition holds it was founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st Century AD.
– Bishops: successors of Christ's 12 apostles. – Pope: successor of Saint Peter.
The End of the Roman Empire
• Emperor Diocletian
– Split the Empire into East and West in 286 AD
• 378 – Battle of Adrianople
– War was changing: Horses more important. – Most of the Roman army was defeated.
Re-introduction of Classical Culture
• Over time, Greek and Roman culture was reintroduced across the borders from the Byzantine Empire. • 10th Century: Rediscovery of Justinian Code
The Catholic Church
• Means ‘universal church’ • Tradition holds it was founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st Century AD.
– Bishops: successors of Christ's 12 apostles. – Pope: successor of Saint Peter. – Immaculate Conception: The Virgin Mary
西方文化简介英文版
西⽅⽂化简介英⽂版An Introduction to Western Civilization/CultureWhat is civilization?The word civilization comes from the Latin civilis, meaning civil, related to the Latin civis, meaning citizen, and civitas, meaning city or city-state. Adjectives such as English "civility" developed from this origin.What is Culture?From the Latin cultura, from cultus, meaning to till (the land), to cultivate, to worship, the Latin origin indicates that our civilization and culture is not something new but something that has grown over time.The dictionary definition of culture is, “the arts, customs, and habits that characterize a particular society or nation.” Western culture is a mixture of “arts, customs, and habits” that have formed over a period of more than 2,000 years.All across Europe, in England, Germany, Italy, and Poland, we can find different civilizations and cultures, but they all come from shared origins, most characteristics of civilization and culture come from a combination of firstly, the civilization and culture of ancient Greece. This was incorporated in and further developed by the Greco-Romans, but as Rome was falling, Judeo Christian civilization further developed Western culture.The last major building block in Western Civilization and Culture came with the Germanic Franks in and around 300 –400AD.In this course we will look at the development of the civilization and cultures into what can be called a Western heritage. Whilst Ancient Greece is usually considered the foundational civilization and culture of Europe, we will first have a brief look at the preceding civilization and cultures that gave the Greeks their start.The Origin of Greek CivilizationAround 3000 years before the greatest era of Greek history, civilizations flourished in the area of Mesopotamia (modern Iran and Iraq) and in Egypt. It was between 4000-3000 B.C., that the first cities appeared in the region around the great rivers the Tigris [‘ta?ɡr?s] and Euphrates [ju:?freiti:z]. The first major advances of these civilizations were the use of the wheel.By 3000 B.C., Mesopotamian civilization had made contact with other civilization and cultures of what was known as the Fertile Crescent in the region. An extensive trade network connecting Mesopotamia with the rest of Ancient Western Asia then developed.The achievements of Mesopotamian civilization were numerous. Agriculture, thanks to the development of irrigation, became the main method of living. Farming further flourished after the invention of the plow.As agriculture became more productive, it allowed men to give up working the land and begin their own trades, for example, metalwork or pottery. Between 3000 and 2900 B.C. craft specialization and industries began to emerge which encouraged the growth of cities, all of this led to the first major civilizations of the region.The Sumerians, who inhabited southern Mesopotamia from 3000-2000 B.C., are thought to have been the first civilization and culture to develop non-pictographic (in picture form) writing. Originally, Sumerian writing was pictographic, that is, scribes drew pictures of representations of objects.This proved awkward and the characters were gradually simplified and gave way to conventional signs that represented ideas.The greatest achievement of Sumerian civilization was their cuneiform [?kju:n?f?:m] (wedge-shaped) system of writing, using a reed stylus they made wedge-shaped impressions on wet clay tablets which were then put in the sun to dry. The most common cuneiform tablets record transactions of daily life; counts of cattle kept by herdsmen for their owners, production figures, lists of taxes, accounts, contracts and other parts of organizational life in the community.Another category of cuneiform writing included a large number of basic texts, which were used for the purpose of teaching future generations of scribes. By 2500 B.C. there were schools built just for this purpose, and the Sumerian cuneiform writing was to provide the model for the Greeks when they developed their own written language.Around 1780 B.C. the city of Babylon gained power over Mesopotamia through their ruler, Hammurabi. He was a very efficient ruler, giving the region stability after turbulent times, and transforming it into the central power of Mesopotamia.A great literary revival followed Babylonian independence. One of the most important works of this era of Babylon was the writing of the first known code of laws called the ‘Code of Hammurabi.’ It focused on theft, farming (or shepherding), property damage, women’s righ ts, marriage rights, children’s rights, slave rights, murder, death, and injury. The punishment is different for different classes of offenders and victims.The city of Babylon also features in the Judeo Christian tradition. A story in the Bible is used by Jews and Christians to explain the existence of many different languages and races in the world. According to the biblical book of Genesis 11, at Babylon, humanity began building a ‘Tower of Babel’ in order to reach heaven and gain access to heaven directly from earth without the need of God. To prevent the project from succeeding, God made all the workers speak different new languages so that they could no longer communicate with one another and the work could not proceed, after that time, the people moved away to different parts of Earth, and spoke the different languages they had been given by God.From this story, and the city of Babylon, comes the modern English word babble, or talk in a confusing way. It is also due to the Babylonians that we have 60 seconds in a minute and 60 minutes in an hour. The mathematicians of Babylonia devised a system of counting based on the number 60, from which we get the number of seconds in a minute and of minutes in an hour and the number of degrees (60×6=360) in a circle. Mesopotamia ceased to be a major power after the conquest by Alexander the Great around 400 B.C.While the Sumerians and other groups were busy creating a Mesopotamian civilization, another civilization had appeared to the west. This civilization depended entirely on geography; it was the fertile valley of the Nile River that allowed Egyptian civilization to flourish over the course of many centuries.The art and science of engineering was greatly developed in Egypt, with their skill in surveying allowing them to accurately determine the position of points and the distances between them. These skills were used to outline the bases of the best known images of Ancient Egypt, the pyramids. The first pyramids, built around 2900 B.C., were little more than mud-brick structures, but the greatest building achievements in Egypt were the great pyramids of Giza, built more than 4500 years ago. The early civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt certainly could build pyramids, irrigation canals and pottery wheels, and develop cuneiform writing. They are not, however, considered the foundation of civilization and culture of Europe. Although civilization developed in the fertile crescent of Mesopotamia, it was in the civilizations bordering the Mediterranean that Western civilization and culture was truly born. It is the civilization and culture of Ancient Greece that is today seen as being the origin of Western civilization and culture.Ancient Greece is considered by most historians to be the foundational civilization and culture of Western civilization. Ancient Greek civilization has been immensely influential on the language, politics, educational systems, philosophy, art and architecture of the modern Western world.The period of Greek domination of the Mediterranean world lasted approximately 1,500 years from around 1600 BC until the coming of the Roman Empire, it should be noted, that we should not consider it to be one long uninterrupted rule, or that the Greeks were one group.The History of Greek CivilizationAegean Civilization3000-1450BC Minoan Civilization2000BC People from Mycenae went to Greece1600-1200BC Mycenae Civilization Ruled Greece1200-800BC Dark Period for Greece800-490BC The Archaic Period490-336BC The Classical Period336-30BC The Hellenistic Period146BC Greece was incorporated into RomeThe Rise and fall of Mycenaean PowerAt the height of its power, it was prosperous and active. They enlarged their cities, expanded their trade and sacked Troy. It was gone in 1100BC after the Troy War. The period from 1600 BC to about 1100 BC is known as Mycenaean [maisi?ni:?n] Greece after the major city of the period Mycenae.The age of Mycenae has given us the epic poem that has had a profound effect on the body of western literature and art. Transmitted to us through the Romans, the Renaissance and the following generations, this is the work of one author, the man who gave us the story about Troy.The period from which the story came, Mycenaean Greece, ended around 1100 BC, and the period from 1100 BC to around 800 BC is a ‘dark age’ of which little is known. In 800 BC Greece began to emerge from these Dark Ages, and at this time a written record begins to appear. This is the period most consider Classical Greece, but in those days there was no such political unit known as Greece. Greek geography, where every island, valley and plain is cut off from its neighbours by the sea or mountain ranges, dictated that Greece was divided into many small self-governing city communities.。