空冷器使用维护说明书
空冷器使用维护说明书(英文)
Air-water Coolers Installation Operation Maintenance ManualCONTENTS1 General2 Installation and removal of cooler3 Commissioning4 Protective film5 Standstill6 Service control6.1 General6.2 Performance test7 Cleaning7.1 General7.2 Cleaning of the water side7.2.1 Mechanical cleaning7.2.2 Hydraulic cleaning7.2.3 Chemical cleaning7.2.3.1 Chemical cleaning -Insitu7.2.3.2 Chemical cleaning-Cooler removed7.3 Cleaning of the air-side7.3.1 General7.3.2 Hydraulic cleaning7.3.3 Chemical cleaning1. GeneralThe water cooler is a finned tube heat exchanger .The hot air flows through the fins on the outside of the tubes and the cooling fluid flows through the tubes. The heat exchanger surface of the cooler consists of elliptical core tubes with rectangular threaded on fins or round core tubes with either wound-on fins or continuous flat plate fins. The bond between fin and tube is achieved either by mechanical means or by soldering.The core tubes are rolled into the tube sheets at each end of the tubes with roller.Side wall form an integral part of the cooler and are bolted to tube sheets.Water Headers (Namely connection and Return headers) are provided for water handling. The number of separation baffles conforms to the number of water passes. The headers are bolted to the tube sheets, gaskets interposed to form a seal. Plugs in the header are provided for cooler venting and draining.The materials for headers, tube, sheets and core tubes are chosen in accordance with the specification of the cooling water to be used and the recommended water velocity in the tubes.2.Installation and removal of the coolerRead all the maintenance instructions before you begin bundling this product.The cooler should be installed where it is accessible for cleaning, but not where the general public has access to it. Only let trained personnel with profound knowledge of the product and the appropriate safety rules carry out any work on the cooler.Prior to installation of the cooler ,the transport covers of the air side and the blanks on the water connection flanges are to be removed .The air and water side sealing surfaces ,which areprotected priot to shipping, must be cleaned by the use of turpentine.The cooler can either be mounted to the engine as a self mounted in the air duct as a cantilever unit. The air side connections are bolted to the air ducts using gaskets or sealing compound provided by the engine builder.The cooling water pipes are bolted to connection flanges on the connection header using gaskets also provided by the engine builder.To avoid deformation and stresses when installing the cooler all connecting surfaces must be parallel and the tolerances should be kept as small as possible.All connections are to be air and water tight. Transport lugs are provided on the side walls forlifting and handling of the complete cooler. Lifting lugs are also welded to the tube stack side walls. Prior to installation of the cooler casing into the air duct the tube stack can be removed by means of unscrewing the bolts holding the protruding tube sheet to the casing frame and removal of the gland packing or cover plate at the extension end tube sheet. At the fixed end of tube stack threads are provided in the water header for eyebolts to be used when lifting and pulling out.3. CommissioningThe cooler is subject to a hydraulic pressure test in our factory. It is however recommended to carry out a test with the specified test pressure before installation.If after prolonged storage or extended standstill the geared gaskets are leaking, tightening of the geared bolts might prevent further leakage. If this is not sufficient the header gaskets must be replaced. A pressure test with specified test pressure should be carried out after replacement.When refitting the headers ,tighten the bolts in the order .Tightening torque :70NmAfter assembly of the cooler is completed the cooler is circulated with the specified cooling water quantity prior to venting.For cooler venting, the vent plugs in the headers are removed. After the air has escaped from the cooler the plugs are fitted again. Venting should be repeated shortly after cooler is taken into operation. Venting of the complete cooling system is better than venting only thecooler and should therefore be preferred.With multi-circuit or multi-stage coolers, each circuit or stage should be vented separately.After a leak test has been carried out on all plant components, and the water flow has been checked to en-sure there are no restrictions, the cooler can be put into operation.Upon accelerating the engine to the nominal load the air temperature should be measured before and after the cooler and the cooling water flows set in accordance with the nominal water flows stated in the performance data sheet for the cooler in question.Never operate at min. velocity for a prolonged period of time. The nominal water flow stated in the performance data sheet for the cooler in question should be maintained.Frequent fluctuation of the water velocity impede the formation of a protective film on the tube inside, which are vital for corrosion protection. A too low water velocity encourages dirt deposits and a too high velocity causes erosion. To throttle the water flow or improper position of the water intake could lead to oxygen enriched water which favors corrosion. To keep the water flow, and so the watervelocity, constant also during part load operation ,control devices should be installed.4. Protection filmMeasures to assure the formation of a strong and durable protective film.The inherent good chemical corrosion-resistance of cop-per and copper alloys is due to their ability to form a natural protective film which is difficult to dissolve.New cooler tubes lacking a sufficiently strong protective film should never be operated with contaminated water, as deposits on the material surface would prevent the formation of such a protective film.For the above reason clean fresh water is used for the hydraulic test of the heat exchanger. The utilization of contaminated water should also be avoided during test runs. During test runs it is recommended to add small quantity of easily soluble ferrous sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O) to the cooling water to make sure that a good protective film is formed before operating with contaminated water.It is sufficient to add about 5mg/l to cooling water during a period of one hour every 24 hours. Adding of ferrous sulphate should, if possible, be repeated during normal operation until the first inspection is carried out.An appropriate valve for adding ferrous sulphate should be provided in the piping close to the water inlet nozzle of the cooler.5. StandstillA standstill of the cooling water system, leaving the cooler undrained, is hazardous for cooler parts made of copper , copper alloys, steel and cast iron.For copper and copper alloys standstills are especially hazardous prior to the formation of a protective film or in the case that the destruction of the same must be feared for reason of deposit attacked by putrefaction products such as ammonium compounds and hydrogen sulphide.If possible, cooler operation should not be interrupted during the first 2 months after commissioning if the cooler can not be drained.However, if there is a failure in cooling water supply and operation is resumed within 3 days and then for a prolonged period of time kept uninterrupted, the cooler may be left undrained.It must be then guaranteed that the tubes are free from deposits. If deposits have formed, the cooler should be drained, the tubes cleaned and flushed with clean water prior to being dried. We recommend the use of warm or pre-dried air for blowing through the tubes.The coolers need to be vented adequately. If sea water, brackish or saline water(chloride content>500mg/l) is used as cooling water, water with low salinity (drinking water quality)should be used for flushing. In case of standstill within the start-up period of 2 months which is expected to last for more than 3 days, and where deposits must be feared, the cooler should be drained, flushed and dried.To avoid standstill corrosion after the first 2 months of operation the above described cleaning procedure should be repeated by every standstill lasting longer than 2 weeks.In case of permanent service interruptions after the start-up period it may be necessary to limit the standstill where the cooler is kept undrained to 3 days and operate the unit under conditions as recommended for the start-up period.During short standstill the cooler can be operated at low cooling water velocity soformation of deposits in the tubes can be prevented. Operating with low water velocities is to be preferred to cooling water standstill in the tubes as putrefaction products, such as ammonium compounds and hydrogen sulphide are washed away from their point of origin.During winter time standstill if frost injury to the cooler could occur the cooler should be drained also during the shortest standstill.6.Service control6.1 GeneralFor service control, thermometers are to be installed in the air ducts and in the cooling water piping before and after the cooler, we recommend to keep record of the air and water temperatures in the machine log book periodically. Further control instruments can be provided in accordance with the individual requirement.In case of the occurrence of a major amount of condensate after the cooler, further condensation can be prevented ,or at least limited, by the use of a bypass control of the cooling water as previous described.A possibility to drain the condensate must be assured.6.2 Performance testThe performance guarantee given is main expressed by the temperature difference between cold water and cold air during normal operation and should be checkedfrom time to time.In the event that a considerable increase of the guaranteed temperature difference observed during normal operation ,this might be due to accumulation of air in the cooler. To remedy the above the cooler should be vented by using the procedure previously described.In case a performance increase cannot be achieved by proceeding as above and provided no other disturbance can be found , the cooler needs cleaning.A differential pressure gauge can also be used to check whether or not cleaning of the air or water side of the cooler is necessary. We recommend to install differential pressure gauges in the air duct and water piping before and after the cooler.7. Cleaning7.1 GeneralCleaning of the water and air side heat exchange surfaces is imperative for a long and trouble free operation of the cooler. The cleaning intervals vary with the mode of operation, cooling water quality, intake air characteristics etc.Cleaning can be done by either mechanical , hydraulical or chemical means.7.2 Cleaning of the water sideRegular cleaning is necessary. The cleaning intervals depend on the cooling water used. Cleaning of the water side is not only required to maintain the thermal performance of the cooler. Scaling increases the risk of biting corrosion and obstacles partly blocking the tubes favors erosion.7.2.1 Mechanical cleaningMechanical cleaning is done by use of nylon brushes fitted to a rod. The length of the rod corresponds to the tube length of the cooler in question and the type of brush is chosen in accordance with the finned tube type. The brush with rod is part of each cooler delivery.Mechanical cleaning can be done insitu or with the cooler removed. At least one header needs to be removed when cleaning. For header removal threaded holes with the same dimension as the header bolts are provided in the header flange to serve as jacking screws. The wet tubes should be thoroughly brushed clean one after the other and the dirt flushed out until no residues are left. After the cleaning is completed the headers are refitted using new gaskets. Venting must be repeated after cooling water is refilled7.2.2 Hydraulic cleaningHydraulic cleaning is carried out with the cooler removed using a high pressure spray gun with special nozzle to remove dirt deposits inside the tubes.7.2.3 Chemical cleaningChemical cleaning can be carried out in-situ or with the cooler removed.7.2.3.1 Chemical cleaning In-situTo ensure that the cooler is always operated without fouling or scaling in the tubes we recommend an integrated and continuously operating chemical cleaning system to be fitted.Such cleaning system comprises of a circuiting pump and a detergent tank with the necessary piping and shut off valves. The detergent circuit is connected to the cooling water inlet and outlet piping between their shut off valves and the water header flanges.Prior to cleaning, the cooling water flow is interrupted to allow the cooler to drain via the cooling water outlet piping. For draining the vent screw are removed. After draining, the cooling water valves are closed. The valves of the cleaning circuit are opened and the circulating pump switched on. The vent screws are fitted after venting completed.It is recommended to connect the cleaning circuit to the cooling water outlet piping in such a way that the deter-gent flow is opposite to the normal cooling water flow.When cleaning completed the cooler is drained leaving no detergent in the cooler. The valves of the cleaning circuit are closed and the cooling water valves opened. Flushing is done with normal cooling water. Reventing of the cooler is necessary.Scaling deposits in the cooling tubes can be removed by chemical cleaning as well. For removal, a 10% HCL hydrochloric, or muriatic acid is used and a 0.5% inhibitor (specifically suitable for the individual tube material added.After cleaning, the cooler is to be flushed thoroughly, i.e. no detergent residues are allowed to be left in the cooler.This is most important in case the cooler is shut down for a short time after cleaning.If the cooler is chemically cleaned in mounted position the headers need not be dismounted. For chemical cleaning we recommend to use suitable detergents to clean:The instructions and handling guidelines provided by the manufacturer of the detergent in question should always be observed when using the chemical.7.2.3.2 Chemical cleaning Cooler removedChemical cleaning while the cooler is removed is required if neither mechanical or hydraulic cleaning proved successful and if the cooler is not connected to a continuously operating cleaning system.The complete cooler with attached header will be connected by the use of blind flanges to an external cleaning circuit or filled with detergent on the water side. Time of saturation depends on the grade of deposit. If the result is not satisfying, cleaning should be repeated.7.3 Cleaning of the air-side7.3.1 GeneralCleaning of the air-side should be done early enough to avoid accumulations of soot and oil on the fins, which after a period of time form a hard crust that is difficult to remove, as well as the deposition of other crack products as for instance residues that form a sulphuric acid (compound with condensate) when left on the fins and tubes for some time.7.3.2 Hydraulic cleaningHydraulic cleaning is effected when the cooler is removed .A high pressure spray gun as described above is suitable also for this requirement. We recommend a nozzle size of 3mm. If the water jet attacks the cooling tubes vertically, i.e. in parallel to the fins, a pressure of 120bar is suitable to be applied at a distance of 2m from the fin surface.7.3.3 Chemical cleaningWe recommend chemical cleaning of the air side while the cooler is removed.The water headers are detached from the cooler bundle .The tube bundle is then immersed into a chemical cleaning bath. The time of immersion is a function of the degree of fouling. When cleaning completed, the cooler is to be flushed by applying a powerful water jet. If the result isstill not satisfying, cleaning should be repeated.To intensify the cleaning effect of the bath and shorten the cleaning time, it is recommended to circulate the detergent. The chemical detergents can also be applied by spraying. The following detergents are recommended for air side cleaning.The instructions and handling guidelines provided by the manufacturer of the detergent in question should always be observed when using the chemical.。
空冷风机使用维护说明
技
3．2．安装准备 a) 清理主轴、锥套及轮毂的配合表面。 b) 检查主轴是否垂直。如果垂直误差超过 0.5°则必需加以校正 c) 确保主轴与风筒同轴，同轴度误差不大于 5mm。 3．3．安装步骤
在任何风机组装前，要确保电机不会被意外启动。切断电机电源并按如下 步骤安装： a) 将锥套（4）滑装到主轴（14）上。 b) 将轮毂板（1）及锥套座（3）（出厂前以组装好）安装到锥套（4）上。 c) 确保锥套（4）法兰边上的螺栓孔与锥套座（3）上的螺纹孔对齐。穿上螺 栓逐步拧紧，最终拧紧力矩 40-50N M。使轮毂抱紧在传动轴上。 4．叶片的安装： a) 将上压块（7）从轮毂上移开，将叶轴放入下压块（2）槽中。 b) 叶片前缘（厚边）必需朝向指定的旋转方向。 c) 扣上上压块（7）穿入 U 形螺栓（5）并安装垫圈（8）及锁紧螺母（9），手
目录
航
技
2 2 2 3 3 3 6 8 9 11 11 11 12
1
保定航技风机制造有限公司
BAODING HJ FAN MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.
航
技
一．总述
1．风机简介： 风机总成含叶轮及传动系统。叶轮由锻铝合金叶片碳钢轮毂两部分组成。
传动系统包括电机架、驱动带轮、从动带轮、上下轴承座、主轴及传动带。风 机的构架或基础均应有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性，能吸收和隔离振动，防止 发生共振。 2． 风机铭牌说明：
盘动主轴，主轴应转动自如，力度均匀。
e) 安装加油管至轴承座，见图 7。油管为铜管。安装时应清除管口毛刺及管内
4
保定航技风机制造有限公司
BAODING HJ FAN MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.
航
技
空气调节器维修手册
空气调节器维修手册一、前言空气调节器（Air Conditioner）是一种常见的家用电器，用于调节室内空气温度和湿度，提供舒适的环境。
然而，由于长期使用或其他原因，空调可能会出现一些故障，需要及时维修。
本手册旨在为用户提供维修空调的详细指导，帮助您解决常见的问题。
二、安全须知在进行空调维修之前，请务必注意以下安全事项：1. 首先，确保断开电源并拔下电源插头。
2. 在进行任何维修工作之前，戴上绝缘手套和护目镜，确保个人安全。
3. 不要在未经许可的情况下打开空调主机或触摸内部零件，以免引发电击或其他危险。
三、故障排除1. 无法启动- 检查电源是否插好。
确认插头连接完好。
- 检查电源线是否断裂或损坏。
如有破损，请及时更换。
- 检查电源开关是否处于关闭状态。
尝试打开电源开关。
- 如仍无法启动，可能是供电问题，请联系专业维修人员进行检查修复。
2. 空调运行不正常- 检查空调显示屏是否正常。
若有故障码显示，请按照说明书的故障码表进行排查。
- 检查空调滤网是否堵塞。
定期清洗或更换滤网。
- 检查空调外部散热器是否受到阻碍。
确保周围无物体遮挡，保持良好的散热。
- 如问题仍未解决，请联系售后服务中心或专业维修人员。
3. 制冷效果差- 检查空调是否正常供电。
确保电压和电流符合要求。
- 检查空调温度设置是否合适。
调整温度设置为所需的舒适温度。
- 检查空调滤网是否清洁。
如果滤网堵塞，清洗或更换它。
- 检查空调室内和室外机组的换热器是否清洁。
如果有污垢，清洗它们。
- 如问题仍未解决，请联系专业维修人员进行检查修理。
4. 异常噪音- 检查空调固定螺丝是否松动。
如有松动，请紧固它们。
- 检查空调安装是否牢固。
如果有松动，请进行安装调整和固定。
- 检查空调室内和室外机组是否平稳。
如果不平稳，可以调整基座或垫片，以稳固机组。
- 如问题仍未解决，请联系专业维修人员进行检查修理。
四、维护保养定期维护保养空调可以延长其使用寿命和维持良好的性能。
空冷器使用维护说明书
置安装在风道中。空冷器气侧连接孔与风道连接孔
用螺栓联接坚固，同时加装发动机供应商提供的密
封材料。
空冷器进出水法兰与冷却水管用螺栓联接坚固，
同时加装发动机供货商提供的密封材料。
为避免空冷器在安装过程中变形和产生应力，
所有连接面都应该平行，公差越小越好。所有连接点
都要做到气密和水密。
运输吊耳是用来提吊和搬运空冷器的，在管组
空冷器传热元件有：椭圆管方片、圆管圆片及圆 管方片等几种结构形式。管与片的连接方式通常有： 钎焊式、整体轧制式和机械胀接式。
冷却管由胀管器将其两端紧紧地胀接到管板上。 侧板作为空冷器的一部分，与管板用螺栓连接 紧固。 端盖（即进出水端盖和回流水端盖），作为循环 水室，按设计的水流程数设置隔水筋。端盖上装有旋 塞用于空冷器的放气和排水。端盖与管板间装有密 封垫并用螺栓将其紧固。 端盖、管板和冷却管的材质是根据冷却水质和 设计水流速来选择的。 增压空冷器安装在涡轮增压器和柴油机进气总 管之间的风道中。其安装形式有两种： １、空冷器可直接装在风道中（固定式空冷器）， 这时把空冷器的侧板和管板直接用螺栓安装到风道 上，形成风道的一部分。 ２、空冷器先装进箱体，然后把箱体用螺栓安装 到风道上（可拆式空冷器）。用此法安装，在拆卸维 修空冷器时可以不拆卸风道。
８、 Cleaning Ge ner al Cleaning of the water side Mechanical cleaning Hydraulic cleaning Chemical cleaning Chemical cleaning -In situ Chemical cleaning -Cooler removed Cleaning of the air-side Hydraulic cleaning Chemical cleaning
空冷器操作维护规程
空冷器操作维护检修规程一、空冷器的操作（一）、空冷器管束操作时应注意的事项：1、管内介质、温度、压力均应符合设计条件,严禁超压,超温操作；2、管内升压、升温时,应缓慢逐级递升,以免因冲击驟热而损坏设备；3、空冷器正常操作时,应先开启风机,再向管束内通入介质.停止操作时,应先停止向管束内通入介质,后停风机；4、易凝介质于冬季操作时,其程序与3条相反；5、负压操作的空冷器开机时,应先开启抽气器,管内达到规定的真空度时再启动风机,然后通入管内介质,停机时,按相反程序操作.冬季操作时,开启抽气器达到规定真空度后,先通入管内介质,再启动风机,以免管内冻结无法运行；6、停车时,应用低压蒸汽吹扫并排净凝液,以免冻结和腐蚀；7、开车前应将浮动管箱两端的紧定螺钉卸掉,保证浮动管箱在运行过程中可自由移动,以补偿翅片管热胀冷缩的变形量。
（二）、空气冷却器风机操作应注意的事项：1、风机叶片角度应按照设计提供的数据安装盲目增大叶片安装角，会使电机超负荷运行2、运行过程中应密切注意电机电流情况，尤其是用风量较大时。
二、空冷器的维护保养（一）、空冷器空冷风机系统的维护保养及使用注意事项1、日常巡检●运行中有无异常性声音和振动.●回转部件有无过热、松动.2、定期维护保养●每三个月通过注油嘴加注锂基润滑油.●定期调整三角带的松紧度,并检查三角带胶带的磨损程度,磨损严重的应及时予以更换.●全面检查各零、部件的紧固状态一年一次.●风筒与叶轮的径向间隙检查一年一次.●叶片角度及叶片沿风机轴向跳动应每年检查、调整一次.●清除风机叶片表面油污,检查叶片损坏,半年一次.3、检修注意事项●风机使用角度不得超过规定的调角范围以防电机过载.●加注黄油不应超过油腔的2/3,以免轴承过热.●每次检修和更换电机时,必须注意接线相应,应保证风机叶轮俯视顺时针方向旋转.●皮带传动机构的皮带应保持一定的张紧力。
如过于松弛,则电机的动力无法有效的传递至风机,风机效率下降,甚至造成皮带飞出的事故。
P型系列空气冷却器(使用说明书)1
P 型系列空气冷却器使用说明书泰州市裕华制冷设备制造有限公司空气冷却器一、概况P型系列空气冷却器（又称冷风机）是一种使用于各种冷库的冷却降温设备，P型系列空气冷却器有PC、PCE和PE型三种型式分别使用于不同库温的冷库。
它具有结构紧凑、重量轻、不占有冷库实用面积等优点，与自然对流排管相比，它能使冷库内贮藏的食品迅速降温，大大提高了贮藏食品的保鲜度。
二、产品用途P型系列空气冷却器可与不同制冷量的压缩冷凝机组配套，用于不同库温的冷库中作为制冷设备。
其中PC型适用于库温为0℃左右的冷库，如保存鲜蛋或蔬菜的库。
PCE型适用于库温为-18℃左右的冷库，作为肉类、鱼类等冷冻食品的冷藏用。
PE型适用于库温为-25℃或低于-25℃的冷库作为鲜肉或鲜鱼制品及调理食品等冻结用。
三、产品特点1、壳体采用喷塑钢板、轧花铝板或不锈钢板，耐腐蚀，外形美观，可满足不同可户的需求。
2、盘管以错排方式布置，传热效率高，通过机械胀管将铝翅片套在铜管上连接牢靠。
3、该产品为厂内配线，所有接线均置于一个接线盒内，安装维修方便。
4、选用的电机和风叶，噪声低，运转平稳并可根据用户需要选用防爆型电机。
5、排水管中央最低处设有排水接口，排水可靠。
6、槽型吊架，安装方便。
7、U型管状不锈钢管及氧化镁填料的电加热管，置于盘管中，融霜效果良好，几种可选的融霜方式（电加热管、水、热气）。
8、出厂前全部经过保压充氮处理。
四、型号说明空气冷却器的传热面积（m2）空气冷却器的名义制冷量KW（kcal/h）融霜方式：对电融霜省略此相，W表示水冲霜适用制冷剂（对R22省略此项）冷却物冷藏库用C表示冻结物冷藏库用CE表示速冻库用E表示吊顶式用P表示五、冷风机安装前的检查1、在拆开外包装后应检查各连接部件有无松动，如有松动应重新紧固。
2、检查轴流风机的风叶安装在电机轴上是否牢固，风叶与防护罩是否碰伤。
3、如因运输而造成冷风机有损坏或变形时，应修复后才能吊装。
1大卡/小时=1.163W适用于库温：-2 ～ +5℃的冷库备注:根据用户需要可进行特殊加工1大卡/小时=1.163W适用于库温：+2 ～ -20℃的冷库备注:1、可根据用户要求加工成水冲霜； 2、根据用户需要可特殊加工。
空-水冷却系统产品售后维护维修说明(V1.0版).pdf
4
排污阀
反冲洗时排污
空冷器进水口
5
支管回水阀 空水冷却器回水开关及开度调整 空冷器出水口
6
压力表7
反冲过滤器
过滤水中的杂质
供水母管或支管 需定期反冲洗
8
母管回水阀
主管路回水关断及开度调整
回水母管
9 空-水冷却器
完成风路和水路的热交换
变频器室的墙体
2、风路系统 热风由功率柜柜顶通过上风道流向室外冷却器，经过空水冷却器降温冷却处理后，再回
三、维护和保养
1、维护内容 BLH－CK 系列空－水冷却系统采用完全机械结构设计，其热交换效率受现场环境和设备
运行时间长短的影响，如果能够经常维护和保养设备，将会延长设备的使用寿命。一般情况 下，设备的维护内容以及维护周期见下表。
序号
类别
维护内容
维护周期
备注
应急进排风以及风道情况（进排风口以及风道是否有漏风、
1 风路系统
半年
进排风口的螺栓是否锈死）
2
清洗反冲过滤器（详见以下保养措施）
1月
3
清洗空-水冷却器（详见以下保养措施）
1月
水路系统
4
管道阀门情况（详见以下保养措施）
1月
5
水质的情况（详见以下保养措施）
半月
风机运行情况（运行时百叶窗的出风量；出风流速，一般
6
半年
为 5m/s；三相间的电阻是否均衡）
7
现场电源电压（是否为 380VAC，50HZ 电源）
四、故障处理 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 1、常见故障列表 ............................................................................................................................................. 6 2、常见故障原因分析及处理措施 ................................................................................................................. 6
空冷岛运行维护手册-1
运行维护手册版 本 号： 1 编制 审核： 修改纪录 日期： 日期：空冷凝汽器运行维护手册文件号：C00009036运行维护手册C00009036空冷岛运行维护手册-1.docpage 2 of 11目录 页次 1 概述 31.1 缩写代码 31.2 参考系统图（P&I ）图 31.3 主要部件 3见各项目供货范围 3 2 运行32.1 抽真空系统 32.1.1 水环真空泵（或射汽抽气器）单元 3 2.2 空冷凝汽器 (ACC)32.2.1 概述 32.2.2 运行 32.2.3 ACC 的启动、ACC 的停机、ACC 风机控制的配置等 3详见“Cxxxx9025控制描述”。
32.2.4 特殊运行工况 33.维护管理33.1风机的维护管理 33.1.1开机的准备及步骤 33.1.2试运转 33.1.3风机维护 33.2减速机的维护管理 33.2.1减速机的启动 33.2.2维护 3运行维护手册1 概述1.1 缩写代码ACC 直接空冷凝汽器（Air cooled condenser）Condenser bundles 顺流凝汽管束（Co-current flow heat exchanger bundles）Dephlegmator bundles逆流凝汽管束（Counter-current flow heat exchanger bundles）PCMS 电厂控制和监测系统（Plant’s control and monitoring system）Control SystemGC 功能组控制（Group control）SGC 子组控制Sub-group control1.2 参考系统图（P&I）图相关的参考系统图(P&I 图)见：ACC系统(P&I )图Cxxxx66001.3 主要部件见各项目供货范围2 运行2.1 抽真空系统在启动阶段各台水环真空泵（或射汽抽气器）的启停是根据需要自动控制的。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
拆卸固定式空冷器时要按下列程序进行： １． 排干冷却水 ２． 用适当的升降装置支撑住空冷器 ３． 拆开进出水管 ４． 拆开气侧连接风罩，卸下空冷器。 安装时要使用如前所述新垫片。
拧紧力矩（Ｎｍ）
使 用 维 护 说 明 书 Operation And Maintenance Manual
从箱体里抽出来。 为了使管组比较容易地从箱体内抽出，我们固定
管板上钻有拆卸螺纹孔（孔径与箱体框架上的螺栓孔 相同），该螺纹孔用于起吊和拆卸时安装吊耳或拆卸螺 栓。 重新安装时应使用如前所述新密封垫。
４． 试运行 ４．１ 概 述
侧板上也焊有起吊耳。
将空冷器箱体安装进风道之前，可先将管组拆
下来。拆卸方法是：拧下把固定管板与箱体联接的螺
栓，并拆下密封填料或活动管板上的盖板。在管组的
固定端的端盖上钻有螺纹孔，该螺纹孔用于起吊和
拆卸时安装吊耳或拆卸螺栓的。
箱体安装好后，用螺栓把管组的固定管板紧固
到箱体上（加装新垫片），再安装密封填料或罩盖。
适用于标准公制螺纹、强度等级为８．８级的镀锌 螺栓。螺纹、螺栓和ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้帽的接触面上抹油
规格
Ｍ８ Ｍ１０ Ｍ１２ Ｍ１４ Ｍ１６ Ｍ１８ Ｍ２０
不用密封或 ＫＬＩＮＧＥＲＳＩＬ
密封垫 ２１ ４２ ７３ １１５ １８０ ２５６ ３６０
不用密封 或ＫＬＩＮＧＥＲＳＬ密封垫
用 ＮＯＲＤ－ 防松垫圈
２５ ５１ ８７ １３８ ２１６ ３０７ ４３２
９、 Tube leaks Ge ner al Pressure test of individual tubes Pressure test of cooler Pressure test with air under water Plugging of tubes Replacement of single tubes (partial re-tubing) Insertion of a second core tube Pressure test after repair
安装完毕后向空冷器内充水以排气，排气时将端 盖上的放气塞卸下排气，排气完毕后再将其安装回原 处。
空冷器投入使用后，要立即排气数次。把整个冷却 系统的空气排出比只排出空冷器的空气效果要好些， 因此最好是排出整个冷却系统的空气。
多回路或多级空冷器，每个回路和每级都要单独 排气。
整个设备检测无渗漏，并保证冷却水畅流无阻后， 空冷器便可投入使用。
２．２ 空冷器的安装和拆卸 在安装空冷器前，应先拆卸下进、出气侧和水管 连接法兰上的罩盖物 ；并用松香水洗去用于保护气 侧和水侧密封面的保护物。
空冷器既可以直接安装在发动机上，也可以悬 置安装在风道中。空冷器气侧连接孔与风道连接孔 用螺栓联接坚固，同时加装发动机供应商提供的密 封材料。
空冷器进出水法兰与冷却水管用螺栓联接坚固， 同时加装发动机供应商提供的密封材料。
在发动机加速到正常负载时，测量空冷器进气和 出气温度，并根据性能数据表中的流量要求，调定冷却
水达到正常流量。
４．２ 冷却水流速
空冷器运行时，参照下表维持冷却水流速。
管 材 最小流速 最大流速
ＣｕＺｎ２８Ｓｎ（ＳＯＭＳ７１）
１．０ｍ／ｓ
２．０ｍ／ｓ
ＣｕＺｎ２０Ａｌ（ＳＯＭＳ７６）
／９ ／９－１０ ／１０－１１ ／１１ ／１２ ／１２ ／１３ ／１３－１４
／１５
使 用 维 护 说 明 书 Operation And Maintenance Manual
GEA (WUHU) KHI MACHINERY COOLING CO.,LTD
１ 、概 要
ＧＥＡ 增压空冷器是一种管片式热交换器。其工 作原理是：高温增压空气流散经散热片，将热量通过 对流作用传递给冷却管外壁，然后经过壁的导热作 用传给管内壁，再由管内水的对流作用把热量带走， 以完成换热。
１．０ｍ／ｓ
２．２ｍ／ｓ
ＣｕＮｉ３０Ｆｅ（ＣｕＮｉ７０／３０） １．５ｍ／ｓ
３．０ｍ／ｓ
ＣｕＮｉ１０Ｆｅ（ＣｕＮｉ９０／１０） １．５ｍ／ｓ
３．０ｍ／ｓ
Ｃｕ／ＳＢ ｏｒ ＳＦ
１．０ｍ／ｓ
２．０ｍ／ｓ
Ｓｔｅｅｌ
２．０ｍ／ｓ
２．５ｍ／ｓ
空冷器决不能在最小水流速下长期工作，应按性能
数据表中标定流量维持空冷器供水。
ＧＥＡ空冷器在出厂前都进了水压试验，并检验合 格。然而，我们还是建议用户在安装前要按标定的测试 压力对空冷器进行压力测试。
如果库存期或停用期超出了规定范围，端盖的密 封垫可能会有渗漏现象。这时可通过拧紧螺栓来防止 渗漏。倘若拧紧螺栓不能解决问题，就应考虑更换新密 封垫。更换新密封垫后，要在规定的测试压力下再进行 压力测试。
安装完毕后若要拆卸管组，可先将固定管板上
的螺栓拧下，将活动端的密封填料或盖板，以及冷却
水管卸下来（如有发动机系统的部件妨碍撤下管组，
这些部件都应拆除）。最后用适当的起吊装置将管组
２
GEA (WUHU) KHI MACHINERY COOLING CO.,LTD
GEA (WUHU) KHI MACHINERY COOLING CO.,LTD
１
２． 固定式空冷器 ２．１ 概 述
固定式空冷器“Ｂｌｏｃｋ Ｃｏｏｌｅｒ”直接安装在发动 机的风道中，正如第 １ 部分所述，空冷器的侧板和管 板用螺栓直接固定在风道中相应的位置上。
“固定式空冷器”有两种结构形式，即单回路和 双回路。回路数即指流过空冷器冷却水的循环水回 路数。
双回路空冷器有两个互不相通的循环水回路， 各水路有其不同的目的。例如：高温水回路用于发动 机缸套冷却，低温水回路用于油的预热。
频繁改变水的流速不利于在空冷器内壁形成保护
膜，而保护膜对于防腐蚀是至关重要的。如果水流速太
小，容易产生沉积物； 如果水流速太大，又容易产生侵
蚀。管路的节流或进水口的位置不当，都容易产生易造
成腐蚀的富氧水。为了在部分负载的情况下也保持均衡
的水流量、流速，就必须安装控制装置。
４．３ 冷却水流速的控制
现已证明，下图所示的旁通控制装置能满足控制水 流速、流量的要求。旁通装置可以这样设置：即，空冷 器的出水端与冷却水泵进水端旁通，由阀门及控制装置 来调节空冷器进水的冷热度和流量，以保证增压空气出 口温度的衡定。这样就能在各种负荷下使冷却水流量、 流速和空冷器出气温度保持在推荐的范围内变动。
多级空冷器由多组管组组成，这些管组都安装 进同一个箱体内。
多级空冷器的级数是指串联在一个水回路的管 组数，故级数不一定与回路数相同。
３．２ 空冷器的安装和拆卸
在安装空冷器前，应先拆下进、出气侧和水管连
接法兰上的罩盖物 ；并用松香水洗去用于保护气侧
和水侧密封面的保护物。
空冷器既可以直接安装在发动机上，也可以悬
４ 、Comm ission ing Ge ner al Cooling water velocity Control of cooling water velocity
５、 Protective film
６、 Standstill
７、 Service control Ge ner al Performance test
３． 可拆式空冷器 ３．１ 概 述
“可拆式管组空冷器（Ｒ ｅ ｍ ｏ ｖ ａ ｂ ｌ ｅ Ｓ ｔ ａ ｃ ｋ Ｃｏｏｌｅｒ）”即可拆卸的管组连同其外壳一起安装到发 动机的风道中。正如第１ 部分所述，用螺栓将空冷器 的箱体固定在风道中，再把管组慢慢滑进箱体。用螺 栓将管组上大管板（固定管板）固定在箱体上并加装 垫片以气密。活动管板是通过一个Ｏ 型橡胶圈和一 个长方形密封法兰而形成密封，也可以使用平端盖。
３
旁管控制装置平面图 ①增压空冷器 ②增压空气进口 ③冷却水出口 ④流量控制阀 ⑤冷却水进口 ⑥泵 ⑦感温器
５． 保护膜
确保形成结实、耐久保护膜的方法。 铜及铜合金所固有的耐腐蚀性能就在于：它们
能够形成难以溶解的自然保护膜。 千万不要把污水用于未形成良好保护膜的新空
冷器中，因为冷却管内表面的沉积附着物，不利于形 成上述保护膜。
／１ ／１－２ ／２－３ ／３－４ ／４ ／４ ／４－５ ／５－７
／７－８
１ 、 General
２、 Block cooler Ge ner al Installation and removal of cooler
３、Removable stack cooler Ge ner al Installation and removal of cooler
空冷器传热元件有：椭圆管方片、圆管圆片及圆 管方片等几种结构形式。管与片的连接方式通常有： 钎焊式、整体轧制式和机械胀接式。
冷却管由胀管器将其两端紧紧地胀接到管板上。 侧板作为空冷器的一部分，与管板用螺栓连接 紧固。 端盖（即进出水端盖和回流水端盖），作为循环 水室，按设计的水流程数设置隔水筋。端盖上装有旋 塞用于空冷器的放气和排水。端盖与管板间装有密 封垫并用螺栓将其紧固。 端盖、管板和冷却管的材质是根据冷却水质和 设计水流速来选择的。 增压空冷器安装在涡轮增压器和柴油机进气总 管之间的风道中。其安装形式有两种： １、空冷器可直接装在风道中（固定式空冷器）， 这时把空冷器的侧板和管板直接用螺栓安装到风道 上，形成风道的一部分。 ２、空冷器先装进箱体，然后把箱体用螺栓安装 到风道上（可拆式空冷器）。用此法安装，在拆卸维 修空冷器时可以不拆卸风道。
目 录 CONTENTS
GEA (WUHU) KHI MACHINERY COOLING CO.,LTD
１ 、 概 要
２、 固定式空冷器 概述 空冷器的安装和拆卸
３、 可拆式空冷器 概述 空冷器的安装和拆卸