英语复合句的翻译方法演示文稿
高考英语英汉复合句的对比分析与翻译策略研究课件
(逻辑顺序)
3、因为我们是为人民服务的，/ 所以，我们如果有缺点，/
就不怕别人批评指出。
（因果）
（假设）
Attention
现代汉语也允许有类似于英语的主从排列方式： a. 这只船容易颠覆，因为它造型不合理。
This boat is apt to overturn because it is unresonably shaped. b. 他没有生活，尽管天气很冷。
02 情先说，原因或条件先说。
时间顺序
表前时，英语语序以“主——从”为主。
01
a. I didn't start my meal until Adam arrived. 亚当来后我才吃饭。
b. Many centuries had passed before man learned to make fire. 过了好几个世纪，人类才学会取火。
逻辑顺序
2）在表示条件（假设）与结果关系的英语复句里，条件（假设）与 结果的顺序也不固定，“主——从，从——主”两种结构皆可。而 汉语多数情况则是条件（假设）在前，结果在后。
a. Demerol can cause cardiac arrest if too large a dose is given. 杜冷丁剂量过大会导致心脏停搏。
时间顺序
逻辑顺序
1）表达因果关系时，连词可以使复合句里的主从顺序灵活安置，“因— —果”“果——因”皆可。
a. Since you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。
b. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization food price index, considered the best measure of global food inflation, saw its first decline in 15 months in April, as wheat, dairy, sugar and soya bean prices fell. 由于小麦、牛奶、糖以及大豆价格下降，联合国粮农组织（FAO）的粮 食价格指数在4月份出现了15个月来的首次下跌。该指数被认为是衡量 全球食品通货膨胀的最佳指标。
英语复合句的翻译方法
Literal translation can retain the rhetorical style, language features, and expression of the original text, making the translation more faithful to the original text and easy to understand.
01
When translating English compound sentences, attention should be paid to preserving the style and characteristics of the original text, such as rhetorical devices, tone, etc.
Grammar correctness
When translating compound sentences, attention should be paid to the correctness of grammar to ensure that the structure, tense, voice, and other aspects of the sentence are consistent with the original text.
The translator organizes the translated text to ensure a logical flow, using appropriate punctuation marks and presence structure
Preserving the original meaning
英语复合句翻译PPT课件
Teaching objectives
To familiarize learners with the basic translation principles and techniques for English compound
sentences.
To provide learners with practical translation exercises and examples to enhance their translation skills.
Definition of compound sentences
01
复合句是由一个主句和一个或多 个从句组成的句子。
02
主句是句子的主体，表达完整的 思想，而从句则对主句进行补充 、解释或修饰。
Classification of compound sentences
并列复合句
由两个或多个并列从句组成，各 从句之间由并列连词连接，表示 并列关系。
主从复合句
由一个主句和一个或多个从句组 成，从句由关联词引导，修饰主 句。
The characteristics of compound sentences
01
02
03
结构复杂
复合句通常包含多个从句 和修饰语，结构较为复杂。
信息量大
复合句能够表达更多的信 息，使句子更加丰富和具 体。
表达力强
复合句能够更准确地表达 复杂的思想和情感，增强 语言的表达力。
Translation of compound sentences related to
technology
01
技术英语复合句的特点
技术英语复合句通常涉及专业术语，句式结构较为固定，表述严谨且逻 辑性强。
英语复合句的翻译方法演示文稿
她和丈夫都属于工薪阶层，所以无论她怎样精打细算，他
们的一点储蓄还是被飞涨的物价给蚀空了。 （让步状语从句后置）
第十四页，共15页。
3.分译法。
所谓分译，就是把状语从句拆分出来，使其单独成
句，意思上更清楚。
果关系，不失为地道的汉语。
第十五页，共15页。
第七页，共15页。
5.译成带有“这”字的单句
He admired Mrs. Brown, which suprises me.
他佩服布朗太太，这使我感到惊奇。
They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which
enraged all of us.
他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
我们要把这孩子送到英国接受更好的教育。
The serviceman will send the washing machine to the
repair shop, where it will be checked and repaired. 维修工将把这台洗衣机送到维修部检修。
英文中主从句的动词不一样时，可以不译关系代词，直接 把这两个动词连起来翻译，显得句子前后意思更连贯。
科研论文，去年没有给他升职加薪。（原因状语从句提前）
If a balloon could be made large enough, he
speculated, then maybe a nonstop flight could be
EEC英语复合句ppt课件
EEC 英语复合句ppt 课件英语从句English ClausesThe tall boy is my best friend.(定语)The boy in blue is my best friend. (定语)The boy playing basketball is my best friend. (定语)The girl who is in red is my sister.(定语从句)We talk about him.（宾语）We talk about it. （宾语）We talk about what to do. （宾语）We talk about swimming .（宾语）We talk about what he said.（宾语从句）时间状语宾语从句宾语从句定语从句His father works in a factory that makes TV sets.He told me that he would be a volunteerI asked him when he visited the Ice and Snow World.Mike took many photos when he visited the Palace Museum. 定语从句The Attributive Clause宾语从句The Object Clause状语从句Adverbial Clauses定语从句宾语从句时间状语从句位置用法放在名词代词之后，修饰名词代词放在动词、介词、某些be+adj.结构之后放在主句之后或之前，修饰动词定语从句The Attributive Clause 位置关系代词动词时态注意动词的时态变化，词形变化指人用who, that,whom,whose指物用which,that放在名词代词之后，修饰先行词关系副词表时间用when表地点用where1. 和我在一起学习的那个人是苏珊2. 那是我爸爸给我买的那本书3.这是我将永远不会忘记的地方4. 澳大利亚是唯一的我想要去的地方The person ___studies with me is Susan.That is the book ___ my father bought for meThis is the place ____I will never forgetAustralia is the only place ____I want to go to.关系代词与关系副词的区别：关系代词引导定语从句必须在从句中充当主语或宾语This is the room which I live in .(作宾语)This is the room where I live. (作状语)关系副词引导定语从句必须在从句中充当状语This is the room in which I live.This is the place _________I visited last year.The city ________I have been is Beijing.宾语从句The Object Clause 语序连接词时态陈述句语序(连接词+主语+ 谓语)三种主从句时态要呼应位置动词、介词、be＋adj.结构之后你能告诉我你最喜欢那门学科吗？Could you tell me我问麦克他是否看过这部电影I asked Mike他说他将尽最大努力去帮助地球She said 医生问麦克怎幺了。
复合句讲解英语ppt课件
After I found the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen. After finding the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.
Findin现g在th分e词d作oo状r 语unlocked, I went into the kitchen.
.
复合句的灵活运用
我们可以把一些简单句连在一起组成复合句， 以下是我们常用的一 些连词: when, until, after, as soon as, while, before, because, as, since, to, in order to, although, who, which and that.
Destroyed during the war, the city has now been completely rebuilt.
练一练
They heard the news. They jumped with joy.
Hearing the news, they jumped with joy.
happy.
主谓宾宾补
主语S I
系动词V am
.
表语P very happy.
主系表
并列句
用but, and, so, or, either, neither…..等并列连词,把两句或两句以上 的简单句连在一起。
Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?
so • I did not know the way, I asked a porter. • He spoke neither slowly nor clearly. • He must be either mad or wise.
英语中什么叫复合句之欧阳家百创编
英语中什么叫复合句？欧阳家百（2021.03.07）复合句（Complex Sentence）由一个主句（Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。
从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。
所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。
复合句（The Complex Sentence）：句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，叫做复合句。
复合句可分为：1).定语从句（The Attributive Clause）；2).状语从句（The Adverbial Clause）；3).名词性从句（The Noun Clause）一、定语从句·定语从句的定义定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。
·先行词和引导词被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。
引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。
·关系代词和关系副词关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
关系副词有：when, where, why。
注意：关系副词里面没有how。
如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词。
I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
·关系代词：who关系动词who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。
He is the man who wants to see you.He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.·关系代词：whomHe is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday.（whom在从句中作宾语）·关系代词：whosewhose 用来指人或物，（只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
复合句的译法
4) 有些定语从句汉译时可不必重复关系 代词所代替的词，而将其译成人称代 词 “他” ﹑“他们” 等。例如：
I
told the news to Robert, who (and
he) told it to his friend Larry, and soon the news spread all over the campus.
再如：
He
insisted on building another house which he had no use for. 他坚持再建一座他不用的房子。× 他坚持再建一座房，这房他不用。× 他虽自己不用，但仍坚持再建一座房。 尽管他并没有这样的需要，仍坚持再 建一座房子。 他坚持再建一座房子，尽管他并无此 需要。
1) 一般说来，限定性定语从句(尤其是 简短的定语从句)多半译成汉语的前置 定语，修饰其后的先行词。例如： To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为 许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。
这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在纸盒
里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在纸盒里的蛋糕。
5. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the paper box that Mike made. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在迈克 做的纸盒里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在迈克做的纸盒里的蛋糕。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在纸盒里的蛋糕。纸盒是 迈克做的。
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（一）定语从句的翻译-合译法、分译法、转译法
1.合译法。
合译法是把主句和定语从句合译成一个单句的译法， 主要以限制性的定语从句为主。具体做法可以译成 定语（“的”字结构）、谓语、兼语式的一部分或带 有“这”字的单句。
1. 译成定语（“的”字结构）. A man who doesn’t try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多少成就的。 The few points which the president stressed in his report are very important indeed. 院长在报告中强调的几点的确很重要。
2.译成谓语的一部分。
There are many students in this class who come from big cities. 这个班的许多学生来自大城市。
There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless. 有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
有些定语从句中的关系代词并不是指主句中的一个词，而是 指整个主句，一般将其译成“这”或“这一点”。主句的译 本身不是一个分句，而是“这”的同位语。
4.译成连动式的一部分。
He took a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。
We’ll send the boy to Britain, where he will receive better education. 我们要把这孩子送到英国接受更好的教育。
There have been good results in the experiments that have given him great encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓舞。
3.译成兼语式的一部分。
I need someone who can instruct me in my English study. 我需要一个人来指导我学英语。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy. 我们把郊游推迟到下星期，那时我们就不会这么忙了。 They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go to Guilin. 他们将乘飞机到昆明，在那儿停留两三天，然后去桂林。
My wife’s mother wanted to marry him before he left for England, but he refused, because he didn’t want her to be so young a widow.
1.分译法。
1.译出关系代词或关系副词
He has been to Paris, which he thinks is the most beautiful city in the world. 他去过巴黎，他认为巴黎是世界上最美的城市。
The note was left by Mr. Wang, who was here a moment ago. 这张条子是王先生留的，他刚才来过。
（二）状语从句的翻译 -顺译法、换序法、合译法、转译法
1.顺译法。 一般来说，状语从句的位置刚好符合汉语的叙事顺 序，在这种情况下，就可以直接原文顺序翻译。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and合处。（地点状语从句）
When I passed by, I saw a man who was writing something in the room. 我从这里路过时，看到一个人在屋子里写字。
I have three letters which I must write this afternoon. 我有三封信必须今天下午写出来。
She went back to take care of her husband who was seriously ill. 她回去照顾她的丈夫，他严重地病了。 她回去照料病重的丈夫。
译者不应为翻译而翻译。一切翻译应把准确表达意 思放在首位，能简则简，能直译则直译；其次，灵 活多变地运用各种翻译技巧，帮助再现原文的内容 和风貌。
The serviceman will send the washing machine to the repair shop, where it will be checked and repaired. 维修工将把这台洗衣机送到维修部检修。
英文中主从句的动词不一样时，可以不译关系代词，直接 把这两个动词连起来翻译，显得句子前后意思更连贯。
英语复合句的翻译 方法演示文稿
I gave my youth to the sea and I gave my wife my old age.
原译：我把青春献给了海洋，我回家的时候便把 老年给了我的妻子。 改译：我把青春献给了海洋，等我回家见到妻子时， 已是白发苍苍。
常见的翻译方法是调整原文语序和原文长度。若 一味地忠实于原文，那么译文轻则出现“翻译腔”， 生硬难解；重则文理不通，结构混乱，表达错误。
5.译成带有“这”字的单句
He admired Mrs. Brown, which suprises me. 他佩服布朗太太，这使我感到惊奇。
They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. 他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。