英语定语从句精讲精练 无答案

英语定语从句精讲精练---Attributive Clause

必备知识

一、句子成分：句子一般可以分为几个部分，每一个部分在句子中具有一定的功能，称为句子的成分。

句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。

1．主语是一个句子的中心，主语的位置一般在句首。

2．谓语说明主语的动作与状态，由动词充当，一般在主语之后。

3．表语位置在连系动词之后，说明主语的身份、特征和状态。

4．宾语表示动作的对象，即动作的承受者，一般动词后。

5．补语补充说明宾语或主语的特征或状态.

6．定语修饰名词、代词，放它们前面。

7．状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句。

二、英语五大句型：

1、主+谓(vi)

2、主+谓(vt)+宾

3、主+谓(vt)+宾+宾

4、主+谓(vt)+宾+宾补

5、主+系+表

Practice

分析句子成分

1. I am a university student now.

2. He often laughs at other people.

3. He likes swimming and often swims in the river.

4. Everybody in our class should keep the room clean and tidy.

5. The doctor advised me to take more physical exercise.

6. I usually get up early in the morning.

7. Would you please give me a hand?

8. My mother bought me a present yesterday.

9. He has already become a very famous writer.

10. He is doing his homework very carefully in the classroom.

11. The students got on the school bus.

12. He handed me the newspaper.

13. I shall answer your question after class.

14. What a beautiful Chinese painting!

15. They went hunting together early in the morning.

16. His job is to train swimmers.

17. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

18. There is going to be an American film tonight.

19. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

20. His wish is to become a scientist.

21. He managed to finish the work in time.

22. Tom came to ask me for advice.

23. He found it important to master English.

24. Do you have anything else to say?

25. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.

26. Would you please tell me your address?

27. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

28. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

29. He noticed a man enter the room.

30. The apples tasted sweet.

定语从句

一、定语从句概念

定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的词称为先行词，通常位于定语从句的前面，定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。先行词与关系词是定语从句不可或缺的部分。

I have a pretty wife. I have a wife who/that is pretty.

I have a big house. I have a house that/which is big.

A genius is a person who repeats the most times.

He has a brother who is a doctor.

二、定语从句关系词分类和作用

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as

关系词的作用有三个：

1、连接作用：关系词引导从句，把从句和主句连接起来；

2、替代作用：关系词在从句中替代它前面的先行词；

3、成分作用：关系词在从句中问题充当句子成分。

关系代词一般充当主语，宾语；关系副词一般充当状语。

三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开。如：

He has two brothers who work as doctors.

He has two brothers, who work as doctors.

非限制性定语从句的引导词可以是who, which, when, where等。

My brother is a good student, _____ can speak good English.

You can come at seven o’clock, _____ I shall be free.

I live in Beijing, _____ is the capital of China.

四、关系词的选择----“两看”

一看所替代的先行词是指人还是物；二看它在从句中所当的成分---主语、宾语、定语或状语Is this the computer company _____ you talked about yesterday？