2019-2020年整理中国特色词汇及其英译汇编(可编辑修改word版)
中国特色词汇（汉英对照）
中国特色词汇（汉英对照）经常使用的中国特色词汇和谐社会harmonious society解放思想、实事求是emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts勇于变革、勇于创新to make bold changes and innovations 永不僵化、永不停滞to stay away from rigidity or stagnation 不为任何风险所惧to fear no risks不被任何干扰所惑never be confused by any interference科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development正确处理改革发展和稳定的关系to balance reform, development and stability 高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy 封闭或半封闭的国家closed or semi-closed state改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流。
Reform and opening up accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.改革开放方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。
The path of reforms and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated. T o stop or reverse reforms and opening-up would only lead to a blind alley.以邓小平理论和“****”重要思想为指导to follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of Three Represents 新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。
中国特色词汇翻译
中国“特色”词汇汉译英系列? 台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots? 台湾、香港、澳门保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式长期不变Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao will retain the current capitalist system and way of life for a long time to come.? 炭疽anthrax ? 踢皮球pass the buck? 逃避银行债务evasion of repayment of bank loans? 韬光养晦hide one’s capacities and bide one’s time ? 讨价还价wheel and deal? 统筹兼顾make overall plans adn take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration ? 同乡会an association of fellow provincials or townsmen? 筒子楼tube-shaped apartment ? 团队精神team spirit; esprit de corps? 团结就是力量Unity is strength. ? 退耕还林还草grain for green? 退耕还林还牧convert the land for forestry and pasture? 鸵鸟政策ostrich policy; ostrichism? 脱贫致富“cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity“? 拖欠工资arrears of wage ? 西部大开发Western Development? 西电东送transmit the electricity from the western areas to East China; West-East electricity transmission project ? 西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region? 洗礼baptism? 西气东输transmit the natural gas from the western areas to East China; West-East natural gas transmission project ? 洗钱money laundering ? 希望工程Hope Project? 《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber ? 《西行漫记》Red Star over China? 夕阳产业sunset industry ? 西洋景Peep Show? 喜忧参半mingled hope and fear ? 《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West? 下放权力给delegating the management of ... (to ...)? 下岗职工laid-off workers? 下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers? 下海plunge into the commercial sea? 现代企业制度modern enterprise system; modern corporate system? 先发制人战略pre-emptive strategy ? 县级市county-level city? 先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched.? 先下手为强catch the ball before the bound? 香港明天更好基金会Better Hong Kong Foundation? 香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)? 向钱看“mammonism, put money above all“? 像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan? 乡统筹,村提留fees paid by farmers for overall township planning and village reserve? 小而全small and all-inclusive? 小金库a private coffer? 小康a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity? 小康之家well-off family; comfortably-off family? 效率优先,兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness? 校训school motto ? 宵夜 a stoke of midnight? 效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits? 邪恶轴心axis of evil ? 邪教heathendom? 斜拉索桥stayed-cable bridge ? 写真集photo album? 信得过产品trustworthy product? 新的经济增长点new point for/ sources of economic growth? 新干线“the Shinkansen, bullet train“? 新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean? 心理素质psychological quality ? 信息高速公路information superhighway? 心想事成May all your wish come true ? 新新人类New Human Being；X Generation? 形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放格局form an all-directional, multi-layered and wide-ranging opening pattern ? 形而上学metaphysics ? 性价比cost performance? 形式主义formalism ? 形象小姐/先生image representative of a product or a brand? 虚开增值税发票write false value added tax invoices? 许可证制度license granting mechanisms? 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.? 悬而未决的问题outstanding question ? 选美beauty contest? 学而优则仕(a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career? 学历教育education with record of formal schooling? 学生减负alleviate the burden on students? 亚太经济合作组织APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)? 亚洲金融危机financial crisis in Asia ? 严打措施“Strike-Hard““drive “? 严打斗争“Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities“? 沿海经济开发区open coastal economic area? 眼前利益服从长远利益,局部利益服从整体利益,个人和集体利益服从国家利益subordinate immediate interests to long-term interests, partial interests to overall interests and the interests of individuals and collectives to those of the state ? 言情小说romantic fiction; sentimental novel? 严以律己,宽以待人be strict with oneself and lenient towards others? 阳春（最经济方式）no-frills ? 羊肉串小摊barbecue stall? 洋务运动Westernization Movement ? 摇钱树cash cow? 摇头丸dancing outreach? 以产定人,减员增效employ workers in accordance with production needs and increase efficiency while reducing the staff? 一次性筷子throwaway chopsticks ? 一次性用品disposable goods? 一刀切cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform; impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility? 移动通讯mobile communication? 依法治国manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law? 以法治国，以德治国to govern the country with law and moral? 一帆风顺Wishing you every success ? 一方有难,八方支援When disaster struck, help came from all sides.? 一个中心,两个基本点one central task, two basic points? 以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side? 一国两制“One country, two systems“? 义和团运动Boxer Uprising? 以经济建设为中心focusing on the central task of economic construction? 一揽子(计划) one-package (plan) ? 一切向钱看money-oriented? 以权谋私abuse of power for personal gains? 以人为本people oriented; people foremost? 以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市open more cities along the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of the Pudong Area of Shanghai? 一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.? 义演benefit performance; charity performance? 以眼还眼,以牙还牙an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth? 一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words.? 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益“strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality“? 以质量求发展strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products? 硬道理“absolute principle, top priority“? 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.? 营养不良malnutrition? 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.? 有个奔头have something to look forward to; have somehthing to expect? 忧患意识awareness of unexpected development; being prepared for unexpected development; being prepared for any eventualities? 优化资源配置optimize the allocation of resources? 优化组合optimization grouping; optional regrouping? 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律“with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline“? 有理,有利,有节on just grounds, to one’s advantage and with restraint；with good reason, with advantage and with restraint? 有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go. Money talks.? 有情人终成眷属“Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.“? 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest? 优势互补(of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages? 有识之士people of vision? 有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination.? 有中国特色的社会主义道路road of socialism with Chinese characteristics? 有中国特色的社会主义民主政治 a socilalist democracy with Chinese characteristics? 鹬蚌相争，渔人得利“when the snip and the calm grapple, it is the fisherman who stands to benefit; two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it“? 预防为主,谁污染谁治理和强化环境管理三大政策three major principles for environment control: to put prevention first, to hold those who cause pollution responsible for cleaning up and to improve environmental protection and management ? 与国际惯例接轨become compatible with internationally accepted practices? 与国际市场接轨integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market? 欲穷千里目，更上一层楼“to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.“? 与时俱进advance with the times? 冤假错案“cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases”? 冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies.? 援藏干部cadres sent to support/aid Tibet? 在孵（孵化器）企业incubated enterprises (incubator)? 在建项目后续资金additional funding for projects under construction? 再就业服务中心re-employment service center? 再就业工程re-employment project / program? 宰（客）to swindle money out of our customers? 灾民flood victims; flood-stricken people ? 宰人rip off? 造假帐falsified accounts ? 早恋puppy love? 增强人民体质build up people’s health ? 增值税value added tax(V A T)? 债台高筑become debt-ridden ? 战斧式巡航导弹Tomahawk cruise missile? 占着茅坑不拉屎be a dog in the manger ? 涨落线advance balance line? 掌上电脑palm pilot ? 招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful? 招商引资attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)? 招生就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office? 真善美the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty? 振兴经济revitalize the economy? 振兴中华make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation? 震源focus (of an earthquake), seismic origin ? 震中epicenter? 政府采购government procurement? 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏“Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show. “? 正气uprightness; integrity; probity; rectitude? 政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management? 政治合格，军事过硬，作风优良，纪律严明，保障有力“be qualified politically and competent militarily, have a fine style of work, maintain strict discipline and be assured of adequate logistical support“? 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs? 纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.? 知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.? 直接道歉a straight-out apology? 直接三通与双向交流three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade) and bilateral exchanges? 智力引进recruit / introduce (foreign) talents ? 智囊团、思想库the brain trust；think tank? 职能转换transformation of functions ? 知识经济knowledge-based economy? 知识经济knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy? 知识就是力量Knowledge is power. ? 知识密集knowledge-intensive? 职务发明on-duty invention ? 职务犯罪crime by taking advantage of duty? 植物人human vegetable; vegetable ? 直销direct marketing; door-to-door sale? 支柱产业pillar / cornerstone industry ? 中国电信China Telecom? 中国联通公司China Unicom ? 中国移动通信公司China Mobile? 中国证监会China’s Securities Regulatory Commission? 中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)? 重合同、守信用的原则the principle of equality and mutual benefit and “honoring contracts adn standing by reputation“? 重合同,守信用abide by contracts and keep one’s words; honor credit and promise? 中华世纪坛China Millennium Monument? 《中美三个联合公报》The Three Sino-US Joint Communiqué? 中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other? 中山装Chinese tunic suit ? 中央领导集体central collective leadership? 中药traditional Chinese medicine ? 珠穆朗玛峰Mount Qomolangma? 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability? 抓住机遇seize the opportunity ? 转轨transfer to a different track; retracking? 专利产品，仿冒必究patented product(s), counterfeiting not allowed? 专卖店exclusive agency; franchised store ? 专门人才professional personnel; special talents? 专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study? 转世灵童reincarnated soul boy ? 自学成才become well-educated through self-study? 自由职业者free lance? 自主经营,自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions and take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses? 自作自受stew in one’s own juice ? 综合国力comprehensive national strength? 综艺节目variety show ? 走过场go through the motions? 走后门get in by the back door ? 走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress ? 走穴“(actors, singers, etc.) perform for outside salary income without approval by the unit they belong to “? 阻碍司法obstruction of justice ? 祖国和平统一大业peaceful reunification of the motherland ? 做假帐salt a false account ? 左倾pinko? 坐视不管sit idle? 左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place汉语时事词语英译保税区bonded area 不正当竞争illicit competition承包责任制contract responsibility system 城市旧区改造makeover for an old downtown area出国热craze of going abroad传呼电话neighbourhood telephone answering services打“白条”issue an IOU 道德法庭conscience forum德智体美全面发展develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically第二职业second employment; second occupation 第三产业tertiary industry“第三者”the other person 第三梯队third echelon对内搞活，对外开放enliven the domestic economy and open up to the outside world多种经营diversified economy 港人治港Hong Kong people govern Hong Kong高架道路viaduct; elevated highways 搞活经济invigorate /enliven / liberalize the economy感情投资invest in human relations 改革开放reform and open up (to the outside world)改善投资环境improve the investment climate 公款吃喝banquet at public expenses官倒official profiteering; official racketeering 国民生产总值翻两番quadruple the GNP合资企业joint venture 和平统一peaceful reunification横向经济联系lateral economic ties 户籍制度household registration system婚外恋affair(e); extramarital affair(e) 婚外性生活sex out of wedlock婚姻介绍所amtrimonial agency; matchmaking agency; marriage bureau基本国策basic state policy 计划生育family planning假冒伪劣商品fake or inferior quality commodity 精神文明intellectual and ideological development经济开发区economic development zone 经济特区special economic zone九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education 举报中心corruption-reporting centre“空嫂”married air hostess 廉政建设construction of a clean government留守男士grass widower 留守女士grass widow乱涨价unauthorized price rise民工out-of-town labourer; rural labourer; migrant labourer农转非agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status“扒分”moonlight 攀比风craze to vie with each other“妻管严”hen-pecked husband 抢购风panic buying; buying spree拳头产品hit product 权利下放delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels 人才流失brain drain 人才市场careers fair人浮于事overstaffed 三角债debt chains扫黄运动anti-porn drive 商品房condo(minimu)社会风气social morality 社会风尚social graces; social graciousness涉外婚姻Chinese marriage with foreign nationals “跳槽”job-hop退居二线leave the leading post; retire from the leading post拖欠教师工资suspend teachers' salaries; holdback teachers' salaries晚婚晚育late marriage and postponement of childbearing歪风邪气evil winds 外向型经济export-oriented economy五好家庭five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱five advocations, four points of beauty and three aspects of love物质文明material progress 下岗人员redundant; laid-off“下海”risk one's fortune in doing business小康水平comfortably-off life; well-to-do level 小商品市场smalls fair香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)乡政企业township enterprise; rural enterprise信息高速公路information (super) highway; info highway性骚扰sexual harrassment; sexual disturbance姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism学科带头人academic pacesetter; academic pacemaker一刀切sweeping approach 一对夫妇只生一个孩子one couple, one child一国两制one country, two systems一切向钱看money-mania; money-mad; put money above anything else“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service 以权谋私abuse power for personal gains移风易俗transform outmoded habit and custom 优化产业结构modify the industrial structure优化劳动组合optimize the organization of labour 优惠政策preferential policy与国际接轨gear…to international conventions 越江隧道cross-river tunnel择优录取admit / hire the best examinee / candidate / aplicant政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management执法监督部门law-enforcing departments and supervisory institutions植物人vegetable 中国国情China's actual conditions重合同守信用ovserve contracts and keep promises 住房按揭housing mortgage转亏为盈turn loss into gain 自筹资金self-raised funds自费留学生self-funded / self-financed student studying abroad自负盈亏be responsible for one's own profit and loss走共同致富的道路take the road to common prosperity综合国力the overall national strength尊师重教show respect to teachers and attach great importance to education尊重知识、尊重人才respect knowledge and intellectuals遵纪守法observe discipline and abide by the law汉英口译分类词汇之四----政治政府词汇按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上”use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds 常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas 传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system 垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market 大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory 低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation 抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump 地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions 电视会议televised meeting 调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy 调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation 对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费”prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions 费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money 分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think 高等教育“211工程”the “211”Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻''三个代表''重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of ''Three Represents''高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax 个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses 各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud 工程监理制project supervision system 工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value 公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers购买力purchasing power 鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships 规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management 规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system 国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds 国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China 国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity 海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system 黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges 很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。
中国特色词翻译-11页word资料
1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao（cf. logo）江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in publicopinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption9 全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China 中央军事委员会Central Military Commission国务院State Council信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence教育部Ministry of Education公安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of State Security中国人民银行People’s Bank of China中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC 中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中国人民政治协商会议The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees中国政党Chinese Parties中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang九三学社Jiu San Society中国各级党政机关干部名称译名中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员 Member, Central Committee候补委员 Alternate Member…省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长 Secretary-General主任委员 Chairman委员 Member（地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congress国务院总理 Premier, State Council国务委员 State Councilor秘书长 Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长 Minister部长助理 Assistant Minister司长 Director局长 Director省长 Governor常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government希望以上资料对你有所帮助，附励志名言3条：1、宁可辛苦一阵子，不要苦一辈子。
中国特色的词汇
中国特色的词汇1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao（cf. logo）江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away（or take-out）米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners , hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined lan guage, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption9 世界名著简。
中国特色词汇英文翻译
中国特色词汇英文翻译1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chines e New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone",。
中国特色文化词汇及段落英译
常用的中国文化特色英译词汇风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival travel把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character forluck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sou nds like arrival) and put it on your door to bringin good fortune for the new y ear庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞狮：lion dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。
Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially import ant for LunarNew Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。
中国特色社会主义英语词汇(英汉对照)
中国特色词汇英语翻译A.《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q安居工程Housing Project for low-income families按成本要素计算的国民经济总值GNP at factor cost按揭贷款mortgage loan按劳分配distribution according to one's performance暗恋unrequited love暗亏hidden loss奥姆真理教Japanese Aum Doomsday CultB.把握大局grasp the overall situation白马王子Prince Charming白色行情表white sheet白色农业white agriculture白雪公主Snow White摆架子put on airs拜把兄弟sworn brothers拜年pay New Year call搬迁户relocated families半拉子工程uncompleted project傍大款find a sugar daddy包干到户work contracted to households 包干制overall rationing system包工包料contract for labor and materials 保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股keep the State-held shares保理业务factoring business保税区bonded area保证重点支出ensure funding for priority areas保值储蓄inflation-proof bank savings报国计划的实施implementation of Dedicator's Project本本主义bookishness《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life逼上梁山be driven to drastic alternatives 比较经济学comparative economics比上不足，比下有余worse off than some, better off than many闭门羹given cold-shoulder边际报酬marginal return边缘科学boundary science变相涨价disguised inflation剥夺冠军strip the gold medal of somebody博彩（业）lottery industry补缺选举by-election不败记录clean record, spotless record不承诺放弃使用武器not undertake to renounce the use of force不打不成交No discord, no concord.不可再生资源non-renewable resources不良贷款non-performing loan不夜城sleepless city不正之风harmful practice; unhealthy tendencyC.采取高姿态show magnanimity菜篮子工程shopping basket program参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs沧海桑田Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world. What was once the sea hasnow changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time.仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket 草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which takeroot among farmers and grow like wold grass)层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting差额投票differentail voting差额选举competitive election茶道sado查房make/go the rounds of the wards拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition搀水股票water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons insidea stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)禅dhyana产粮大省granary province产品结构product mix产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration,and scientific management产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing产业的升级换代upgrading of industies产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure长二捆LM-2E长江三角洲Yangtze River delta长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe长线产品product in excessive supply畅通工程"Smooth Traffic Project"唱高调mouth high-sounding words超高速巨型计算机giant ultra-high-speed computer超前消费overconsuming, excessive consumption彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force城市规划city's landscaping plan; urban planning 城市中年雅皮士muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风，由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成）城乡信用社credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot" 吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects抽杀成功hit through筹备委员会preparatory committee出风头show off;in the limelight出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口加工区export processing zones出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate出口转内销domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports出家pravrajana; cloister传销multi-level marketing窗口行业various service trades创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city创业园high-tech business incubator; pioneer park吹风会(advanced) briefing春蕾计划Spring Buds Program春运(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting hisinnocence.从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 粗放式管理extensive management促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy存款保证金guaranty money for deposits D."达标"活动"target hitting" activities打白条issue IOU打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering打假crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局break the deadlock打顺手find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove大包干all-round responsibility system大轰动blockbuster大力扣杀hammer大路货staple goods大开眼界open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener大款tycoon大排挡sidewalk snack booth; large stall 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all大胜white wash大腕top notch大卫教Branch Davidian大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧maxi-series大学生创业university students' innovative undertaking大要案major and serious criminal cases 大专生junior college student大专文凭associate degree大藏经Tripitaka带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits待岗await job assignment, post-waiting 待业job-waiting代职function in an acting capacity单循环制single round-robin system党群关系Party-masses relationship党政机关Party and government organizations捣浆糊give the runaround盗版VCD pirated VCD盗打（电话) free call on somebody else's expense through illegal means盗用公款embezzlement单刀赴会start a solo run倒票speculative reselling of tickets倒爷profiteer倒计时countdowm等外品off-grade goods, rejects邓小平外交思想Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry; service sector 第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile第一发球权first inning第一发球员first server第一双打first pair地方保护主义regional protectionism地方财政包干制system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances地球村global village地区差异regional disparity地热资源geothermal resources地市级城市prefecture-level city点子公司consultancy company电话号码升位upgrade telephone number 电话会议teleconference电视直销TV home shopping电子商务认证e-business certification吊球drop shot吊销执照revoke license钉子户person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonablyhigh compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project定向培训training for specific posts豆腐渣"工程jerry-built project毒枭drug trafficker独立核算工业企业independent accounting unit(enterprise)"渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy短期债务floating debt断交信Dear John letter (from woman to man)对...毫无顾忌make no bones about ...对冲基金hedge fund对外招商attract foreign investment队长袖标(足球）skipper's armband多党合作制multi-party co-operation in exercising State power多任务小卫星small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)夺冠take the crownE.恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation恶性循环vicious circle(把…当成)耳旁风Like water off (on) a duck’s back二板市场; 创业板市场second board (on the country's stock market)二次创业start a new undertakinge二进宫to enter the palace a second time (people with a past criminal record again commits a crime, and is convicted and put into a correctional institution)二流选手scrub, second-rater二元经济dual economyF.发案率incidence (of criminal cases)发烧友fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan发展不平衡disparate development发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.法治国家 a country under the rule of law 法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system翻两番quadruple反败为胜bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire反不正当竞争法Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government防抱死系统ABS (anti-lock braking system)防洪工程flood-prevention project房管real estate management访谈式竞选（候选人在电视访谈节目中亮相进行的竞选）talk-show campaign放下架子to relinguish haungty airs; to get off one's high horse; throw off one's airs放行单release permit飞毛腿（导弹）Scud missile飞行药检spot check非对称数字用户环路Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)费改税transform administrative fees into taxes分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market. 分流reposition of redundant personnel分期付款installment payment分税制system of tax distribution（产品）分销subunderwriting, distribution粉领族pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such asoffice workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)风险投资venture capital; risk investment 疯牛病mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)锋利扣杀razor-sharp smash封闭式基金close-ended fund封杀出局force out“封圣” canonization of "Saints"福利彩票welfare lotteries福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system浮动工资floating wages; fluctuating wages扶贫poverty alleviation覆盖率coverage rate复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)G.改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market. 感谢款待的信a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest)干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary,younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong高层次、全方位的对话high-level and all-directional dialogue高产优质high yield and high quality高度自治high degree of autonomy高官会Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)高级商务师Certified Business Executive 高架公路elevated highway; overhead road高科技板块high-tech sector高难度动作stunner, stunt高清晰度high definition高新技术产业开发区high and new technology industrial development zone (公路）隔离带median 根本政治制度fundamental political system个人收入应税申报制度the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment个人自扫门前雪，莫管他人瓦上霜hoe one’s own potatoes各大菜系major styles of cooking各尽所能let each person do his best; from each according to his ability"各就位" "On your marks!"跟踪审计follow-up auditing恭喜发财May you be prosperous!; Wish you all the best!功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits.工程公司engineering company工商局industrial and commercial bureau 工薪阶层salariat; state employee; salaried person工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration 工业园区industrial park公费医疗medical services at state expense公告板服务Bulletin Board Service (BBS) 公检法public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts 公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds公开喊价市场open outcry markets公款吃喝recreational activities using public funds公司分立与解散separation and dissolution of a company公益林public welfare forest公正、公平、公开just, fair and open公证财产notarize the properties共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商multi-party cooperation and political consultationunder the leadership of Communist Party 狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to thosejournalistswho are hunting the news of celebrities.) 骨干企业key enterprise股本金equity capital挂职1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit关税壁垒customs barrier; tariff wall光谷optical valley光机电一体化optical, mechanical and electronic integration光盘杂志CD-ROM magazine光通讯photo-communication; optical communication广告电话直销direct response advertising 广域网wide area network (WAN)皈依三宝become a Buddhist国产化率import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components 国防动员体制the mobilization for national defense国际惯例international common practice 国际日期变更线International Date Line (IDL)《国际先驱论坛报》International Herald Tribune国际商业机器公司International Business Machine Corporation (IBM)国家经济体制改革委员会the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems国家普通话水平考试National Proficiency Test of Putonghua国家一级保护first-grade State protection 国家质量技术监督局the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国脚player of the national football team; footballer of the national team国库券treasury bonds国民党Kuomintang国民经济支柱产业pillar industries in national economy国债专项资金special fund for treasury bond过度开垦excess reclamation过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as fallingshort; too much is as bad as too littleH.海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest海湾战争综合症the complexities of the Gulf War函授大学correspondence university旱地滑雪场mock skiing park汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software航母aircraft carrier豪赌unrestrained gambling好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spreadfar and wide.好出风头的运动员exhibitionist, grandstander好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster"好球" "Strike"和服Kimono合理引导消费guide rational consumption 合议庭collegiate bench核销cancel after verification黑店gangster inn黑客hacker黑社会Mafia-style organizations; gangland宏观调控macro-control红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)红帽子企业red cap enterprise (refers tothe reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name ofa state-run or collective-run enterprise)红细胞生成素Erythropoietin (EPO)环太平洋地区Pacific Rim后防空虚leave the defense exposed后台管理back-stage management呼啦圈hu la hoop胡子工程long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.互动广告interactive advertisement户口簿residence booklet户口管理制度domicile system, residence registration system户主head of a household护身法宝amulet华表ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele华盖canopy滑板车scooter"坏球" "Ball"还俗resume secular life, unfrock"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking黄金时段prime time(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state挥棒swing挥棒不中fan灰色收入income from moonlighting汇丰银行Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn.火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 货币化monetization货币回笼withdrawal of currency from circulation货到付款cash on deliveryJ.机场建设费airport construction fee机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations (government)基本路线要管一百年The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.基本国情fundamental realities of the country基层民主democracy at the grassroots level基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level基因工程genetic engineering积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories)绩优股blue chip激烈竞争cut-throat competition吉尼斯世界记录Guinness (Book of Records)吉祥物mascot缉毒队narcotics squad缉私力量the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling集体婚礼collective wedding ceremony集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development计划单列市city specifically designated in the state plan计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning计算机中央处理器central processing unit(CPU)记者席press box"既成事实" fait accompli (noun)技术产权交易所technology equity market; technology property right exchange技术密集产品technology-intensiveproduct技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers嘉宾distinguished guest, honored guest 加班work extra shifts加密encrypt加权平均值weighted average加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion家庭联产承包责任制the household contract responsibility system家族企业family firm假唱lip-synch假动作deception, feint甲骨文inscriptions on oracle bones假日经济holiday economy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见persist in reunification, oppose separation,increase understanding and iron out differences监督部门watchdog尖端产品highly sophisticated products剪彩cut the ribbon剪刀差the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...减负alleviate burdens on sb.减速玻璃(汽车）decelerating glass减员增效downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency江南水乡the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating降落伞候选人，外来候选人（应召而来参加本人非所在地区竞选的政党候选人）parachute candidate脚踩两只船sit on the fence脚踏实地be down-to-earth侥幸球fluke教学法pedagogy; teaching method教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education接口interface街道企业neighborhood enterprise街心花园park at an intersection; garden in the city center节奏布鲁斯音乐（RMB音乐）rhythm blues解放生产力emancipate the productive forces解放思想、实事求是的思想路线ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts解困基金anti-poverty funds结售汇制度the system of exchange, settlement and sales戒毒所drug rehabilitation center戒急用忍overcome impetuosity and exercise patience金本位gold standard金边债券gilt-edged bonds金刚经Vajracchedika-sutra金降落伞golden parachute金融电子化computerize financial services金税工程Golden Tax Project金无足赤, 人无完人Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.紧箍咒inhibiting magic phrase紧密型企业集团tightly-knit groups of enterprises紧追cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail近海渔业offshore fishery近水楼台先得月First come, first served;A water-front pavilion gets the moonlight first--the advantage of being in a favored position.进出口商会chamber of import and export trade进口渗透import penetration进修班class for further studies禁渔期closed fishing seasons禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸prohibit anynuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account经常性贷款commercial lending经常性支出running expenses经济林cash tree经济全球化economic globalization; economic integration经济失调指数misery index经济头脑commercially minded people; people with business sense经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system精简机构streamline government organs 精品competitive products京剧票友Peking Opera fan京剧人物脸谱types of facial make-up in Beijing opera景泰蓝cloisonné敬业精神professional dedication; professional ethics劲射power shot九五攻关State Key Task 95居委会neighborhood committee; residents' committee局域网local area network (LAN)举报电话informants' hot-line telephone 拒载refuse to take passengers君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal;a hedge between keeps friendship green竣工式completion ceremonyK.卡丁车kart开发一代，储存一带，预研一代(产品）to develop this generation of productswhile researching on the next generation of products开放式基金open-ended fund开工不足enterprises running under their production capacity开工典礼commencement ceremony开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's friends or relatives by underhand means开题报告opening speech; opening report 开小灶give special favor开夜车burn the midnight oil; work over night看守政府, 看守内阁，过渡政府caretaker cabinet坎儿井karez抗美援朝战争War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea抗震棚quake-proof shelter考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school科技成果转化为生产力transfer of scientific and technological achievements 科技含量technology content科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation科研攻关scientific research and tackle the key research project可持续发展sustainable development刻录机CD writer; disc-carving machine 空头支票accommodation note, lip service 空中小姐air hostess; air stewardess控股公司holding company扣帽子put a label on跨世纪工程a trans-century project跨越式发展great-leap-forward development快讯news flash; flash宽带接入broadband access宽带网broadband networks宽限期grace period亏损企业enterprises running in the red/under deficit困难职工the needyL.垃圾债券junk bond拉动经济增长fuel economic growth拉拉队cheering squad拉拉队长cheer-leader, rooter king拉关系try to curry favor with来电显示电话机caller ID telephone来料加工process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing劳动合同制labor contract system老生常谈，陈词滥调cut and dried老字号an old and famous shop or enterprise"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity.理货公司tally company礼仪小姐ritual girl利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery利好因素wrinkle利基niche立体农业three-dimensional agriculture 廉政建设construction of a clean and honest administration廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government廉洁奉公，以正治国(of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness联产承包责任制system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output;contract system with remuneration linked to output联合国会费the UN membership dues (fee) 联合兼并conglomeration and merger of enterprises联合联络小组joint liaison group联合投标syndicated tender联想集团Legend Group连带责任joint liability练摊to be a vendor良性循环virtuous circle粮食收购部门(government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration两岸直航促进会Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation两弹一艇A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine"两个对等的政治实体" "two equal political entities两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两手抓两手都要硬We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritualcivilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup."两思"（致富思源，富而思进）to think of the source of getting rich and of making progressafter becoming affluence老少边穷地区former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities,remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio猎头公司head-hunting company劣等品shoddy goods; substandard goods; lemon (口语)临时主教练caretaker coach零配件spare and accessory parts领头羊bellwether留职停薪retain the job but suspend the salary留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad 流动人口transient population流动图书馆travelling library; bookmobile (行业中的)龙头老大leading enterprise; flagship of the industry乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donationsand exaction of fees from enterprises乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines《论语》Analects of Confucius论文答辩(thesis) oral defense裸机：bare mobile phone旅行结婚have a honeymoon trip绿地覆盖率forest coverage rate绿化afforestation绿色急救通道emergency green path绿色食品green foodM.马拉松式竞选活动campaignathon马路菜场入室工程the project to build indoor free market to accommodate street vegetable vendors马太效应the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles whereby one's accomplishmentsand reputation tend to snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have greater difficultyachieving accomplishments. )满意度degree of satisfaction盲流和倒流人员transient from the countryside帽子戏法hat trick冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging买一送一two-for-one offer, buy one get one free美声唱法bel canto 美食节gourmet festival每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away./ It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.门前三包be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social orderin a designated area outside the unit building蒙古包(Mongolian) yurt蒙古大夫quack朦胧诗misty poetry民办教师citizen-managed teachers (teachers in rural citizen-managed or state-managed schoolswho do not receive the normal remuneration from the government)民工潮farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities民进党Democratic Progressive Party民主党派、工商联与无党派人士non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce,personages without party affiliation民族凝聚力national cohesion民族委员会ethnic affairs commission民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption磨洋工dawdle along模拟测试mock test; simulated exam莫失良机make hay while the sun shines 目标管理management by objectivesN.NASDAQ National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations纳米nanometer难得糊涂Where ignorance is bliss, it's folly to be wise.南水北调South-to-North water diversion 南水北调工程divert water from the south to the north project男权主义思想male chauvinism囊括complete a sweep耐用消费品durable consumer items (goods)闹情绪be disgruntled; be in a fit of pique 内环路inner ring road内联企业enterprises with internal connections能官能民be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people 能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the grass roots能进能出，能上能下,方谓好汉He who knows how to fight and how to retreat deserves to becalled a brave man.能上网的手机WAP phone内耗in-fighting泥菩萨like a clay Buddha fording the river-hardly able to save oneself; each one is looking outfor his own survival年同比year-on-year; on an annual basis 年夜饭family reunion dinner扭转局面reverse the tide, turn the table 农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labour (labourers)诺亚方舟Noah’s ArkO.P.派出所local police station跑龙套utility man, play a bit role, general handyman泡沫经济bubble economy配股allotment of shares配套政策supporting policies棚户shacks; family that live in shacks碰钉子get snubbed 碰头会brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)疲软股票soft stock皮包公司bogus company啤酒肚beer belly票贩子scalper, ticket tout票房box office骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn overforeign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage拼图jigsaw贫富悬殊polarization of rich and poor贫铀弹depleted uranium bomb平均主义equalitarianism平面设计师graphic designer评头论足nit-pick瓶颈制约“bottleneck”restrictions扑网(体）rush-up, rushing普选制general election systemQ.期房forward delivery housing骑警horseback police企业孵化器enterprise incubator企业文化corporate culture起跑器block洽谈会fair, meeting千代田寿险公司（日本）Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co.千禧婴儿millennium infant; millennium baby强化班intensive training class抢跑false start, beat the gun敲竹杠make somebody pay through the nose; put the lug on; rob by a trick切入点point of penetration; breakthrough point亲民党People First Party勤工俭学part-work and part-study system; work-study program轻轨火车light rail train情感消费emotional consumption情有独钟show special preference (favor) to …区位商业location-based commerce屈体jackknife, pike圈外人士people out of the loop全方位外交multi-faceted diplomacy全国卫生城市National Hygienic City全景电影cinepanoramic全民健身计划纲要outline of the nationwide body-building plan全能冠军all-around winner全球定位系统global positioning system (GPS)全球通global system for mobile communications全天候飞机all-weatehr aircraft全优工程all-round excellent project拳头产品competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster裙带风nepotism; petticoat influence裙带关系networking through petticoat influence群言堂allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have his say; speak one's mind freely权贵资本主义(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalismR.燃油附加税bunker surcharge染指reap undeserved profit from; encroach upon绕圈子beat around the bush热岛效应tropical island effect人才流失brain drain人浮于事overstaffing人工智能artificial intelligence(AI)人海战术huge-crowd strategy人机交互human-computer interaction人际交往human communication人口负增长negative population growth (NPG)人均住房per-capita housing人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)人情债debt of gratitude任意球free kick日本协力银行Japan Bank For International Cooperation (JBIC)融资渠道financing channels入水时水花很少clean entry软新闻soft newsS.360度环幕电影Circamara三八红旗手woman pace-setter三八线38th Parallel三步走战略the three-step development strategy三大作风the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forgingclose links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)"三个代表" "three represents" theory (The Party should always represent the developmentneeds of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward directionof China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largestmember of the Chinese people.)三个有利于"three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces ina socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people'sliving standards《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms三好学生merit student; three good。
127个中国特色词汇翻译
127个口译必备中国特色词汇WORD下载1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting7. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas8. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents9. .城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers10. 出口信贷：export credit11. 贷款质量：loan quality12. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans13. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks14. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project15. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction16. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels17. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions18. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes19. 跟踪审计：follow-up auditing20. .工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects21. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets22. 过度开垦：excess reclamation23. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects24. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy25. 基本生活费：basic allowance26. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation27. .金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision28. 经济安全：economic security29. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development30. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand31.拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth32.粮食仓库：grain depot33.粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise34.粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds35.粮食销售市场：grain sales market36.劣质工程：shoddy engineering37.乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines38.骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owedto the government and illegal arbitrage39.融资渠道：financing channels40.商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit41.社会保险机构：social security institution42.失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits43.偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to paytaxes44.外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending45.安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents46.信息化：information-based; informationization47.智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive48.外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises49.无偿献血：blood donation without repayment50.分流：reposition of redundant personnel51.素质教育：education for all-round development52.假文凭：fake diplomas53.社会治安情况：law-and-order situation54.民族国家：nation state55."台独"："independence of Taiwan"56.台湾当局：Taiwan authorities57.台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots58.台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.59.西部大开发：Development of the West Regions60.可持续性发展：sustainable development61.风险投资：risk investment62.通货紧缩：deflation63.扩大内需：to expand domestic demand64.假日经济：holiday economy65.网络空间：cyberspace66.计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction (CAI)67.虚拟现实：virtual reality68.网民：netizen (net citizen)69.电脑犯罪：computer crime70.电子商务：the e-business71.网上购物：shopping online72.应试教育：exam-oriented education73.学生减负：to reduce study load74."厄尔尼诺"：(EL Nino)75."拉尼娜"：(La Nina)76."第三产业"：(third/tertiary industry, servicesector, third sequence of enterprises)77.."第四产业"：(quaternary/informationindustry)78."军嫂"：(military spouse)79."峰会"(香港译"极峰会议")"：summit (conference)80."冰毒"：ice81."摇头丸"：dancing outreach82."传销"：multi level marketing83."(计算机)年问题"：YK problem (yfor year, k for kilo or thousand)84."白皮书"：white paper (不是white cover book)85."傻瓜相机"：Instamatic (商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；86."白条"：IOU note (IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you的读音缩略转义而来)87."巡回招聘"：milk round (一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon goddess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets 拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者：未知文章来源：转载点击数：1300 时间：2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。
而当中国改革开放，政治，经济，科学技术，社会生活等诸方面发生急剧变化的时候，一批又一批新词新语也应运而生，其数量的成长速度之快令人应接不暇。
于是在国际英语交流过程中，表现了中华文化中最有个性的内容的，具有浓郁的中国特色的词汇，在西方语言中是没有现成可以对应的词语，这就产生了对应空缺的现象，成为跨文化交际的重要障碍。
此时，研究应如何解决这个障碍，为中国文化更好的传播铺平道路显得尤为重要。
本文将对上述的一些问题进行阐述。
二、中国词汇的特点世界上的文字体系大致可以归属三类：表形文字（图画文字），表音文字（音意结合文字），表意文字（拼音文字）[1](25) 。
汉字，属于表意文字，它与世界大多数民族使用的拼音文字是有显著的差别。
它的字形结构与表意作用有着紧密的关系。
汉字的这一特点当然是由汉语的本身特点所决定的。
古代汉语中单音节词占优势，同音词多，又缺乏形态变化，加上方言分歧严重，而表意性质的汉字正可适应这些特点而满足交际的需要。
于是这种文字本身就成为中国文化的一大特色[2](362)。
那么汉语的词又是怎样造出来的呢？“汉语的字和词是分开的。
汉语的字是有限的，虽然人们还在造新字，但是这是极为有限的。
而汉语新词构造却是无限的。
”“汉字的词形较为固定，不像英语那样可以变化多端。
现代汉语与英语相似，采用合成法来扩充词汇，汉语的字、词拼组新词的时能力及强。
”相比之下“英语的字与词是不分的，或者说没有字，只有词。
英语虽然有自由词根（free-bound），但数量有限”就是因为汉字多体现其（形）意，所以“汉语词义比较窄，较为精确、固定、比较严谨，因而词义的伸缩性和上下文的依赖性就比较小，独立性就较大。
”[1](26)就因为中国词汇具有以上的特点，在双语转换的过程中就会出现词汇空缺的现象，而这些特点的形成与其所在的文化背景是分不开的。
三、中国特色词汇翻译的难点及成因即文化差异所造成的词汇空缺语言是在历史长河的发展中形成的，语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的土壤。
文化的真正意义对于本文化群体来说那是再熟悉不过的东西了，但是对于不同文化的群体，则是非常陌生的。
不同的文化造就了不同的语言群体，于是，当不同语言群体在相互交流的过程中就产生了词汇空缺，即无法在非本族语言的范围内寻找到能够表达其意思的相对应的词汇，而这些文化的差异主要表现在信仰，艺术，道德，法律，风俗以及其余社会上习得的能力与习惯上（一）、传统积淀历史文化因素造成词汇空缺现象中国是具有悠久历史的东方文明古国，其传统的文化思想自然反应到语言上。
传统的固然在人们的脑中是根深蒂固的，就像这个“龙”字，在华夏文化中，“龙”字是传说中的神异动物之一，与凤凰、麒麟、龟合称“四灵”。
除这个字义外，它还被视为中华民族的象征，形成一种中华文化图腾，现在称炎黄子孙为“龙的传人”，可见其影响之大。
后世的很多皇帝就“龙”这个事物作为权威的象征，如坐龙椅，褂龙袍，睡龙床等等。
然而在西方国家，“龙”（dragon）是凶险的，“因为在英语的历史上从贝尔沃夫时代起，龙就是凶险邪恶的象征，是吐火伤人的怪物。
”[1](277)这是传统积淀造成的人们对同一事物的不同理解，其进一步的发展就造成了词汇空缺。
再如“中秋节”Mid-Autumn Day;“泼水节”Water-Splashing Day 等，这些都是中国传统佳节，是中国优良文化的积淀，悠久历史传承至今的瑰宝，这些传统文化佳节现在已经不仅仅是被中国人所专有，它们也在一些喜欢中国文化的外国人中流行起来。
而欧美信仰的是基督教，所以有不少词汇包括他们的节日都与《圣经》和基督教有关，如a covenant of salt(不可背弃的盟约)，as poor as a church mouse(家徒四壁)；较之，汉族文化的重要组成部分与佛教和道教是分不开的，如：苦海无边，回头是岸，佛法无边。