专业英语翻译第一章.doc
专业英语翻译(中英对照)
Unit one ：Environmental Engineering环境工程What is this book about？这本书是关于什么的？The objective of this book is to introduce engineering and science students to the interdisciplinary study of environment problems；their cause，why they are of concern，and how we can control them. The book includes:这本书的目的是使理工科的学生了解跨学科间的研究环境问题;它们的起因，为什么它们受到关注，以及我们怎样控制它们。
这本书包括：●Description of what is meant by environment and environmental systems描述环境和环境系统意味着什么●Information on the basic causes of environmental disturbances关于引起环境干扰基础原因的基本信息●Basic scientific knowledge necessary to understand the nature of environmentalproblems and to be able to quantify them理解环境问题本质，并能够定量计算它们所必要的基本科学知识●Current state of the technology of environmental control in its application towater，air and pollution problems目前适用于水，空气和环境污染问题的环境控制技术的现状●Considerable gaps in our current scientific knowledge of understanding andcontrolling many of the complex interactions between human activities and nature我们目前的科学知识在理解和控制人类活动和自然之间复杂的相互作用的科学知识上存在相当大的缺陷●Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or reduced by theapplication of current technology，but which are not dealt with because of society’s lack of will to do so，or in many instance because of a lack of resources to do so.许多环境问题可以应用现有技术消除或减少，但没有得到处理是因为社会缺乏这样做的意愿，或者像许多例子那样因为缺乏资源。
专业英语翻译
专业英语翻译第一章1.An open-loop control system utilizes an actuating device to control the process directly without using feedback.一个开环控制系统使用直接装置控制，而无需使用反馈的过程。
2.A close-loop control system uses a measurement of the output and feedback of this signal to compare it with the desired output(reference or command).闭环控制系统采用了输出的测量值和输出的反馈并将输出和期望输出进行比较（参考或命令）。
词汇automation自动化Close-loop feedback control system闭环反馈控制系统complexity of design复杂的设计control system控制系统feedback signal反馈信号engineering design工程设计，multivariable control system多变量控制系统negative feedback负反馈productivity生产力. robot机器人. specifications规格. synthesi s综合. trade-off权衡第二章1.A linear system satisfies the properties of superposition and homogeneity.线性系统满足叠加性和其次性。
2.The denominator polynominal q(s),when set equal to zero,is called the characteristic equation because the roots of this equation determine the character of the time reponse.当分母多项式q（S）设置等于零时称为特征方程，因为这个方程的根确定的时间响应的特点。
专业英语翻译第一章
注：电气工程及其自动化专业英语翻译 1~7面班级：1002班学号：20姓名：王定瑞PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals第1部分的电气工程基础第1章电路原理Electrostatic Charges静电荷Protons and electrons are parts of atoms that make up all things in our world. The positive charge of a proton is similar to the negative charge of an electron. However, a positive charge is the opposite of a negative charge. These charges are called electrostatic charges. Each charged particle is surrounded by an electrostatic field.质子和电子部件的原子构成一切事物在我们的世界。
正电荷的质子是类似于负电荷的电子。
然而,一个正电荷的反面是一个负电荷。
这些指控被称为静电荷。
每个带电粒子周围是一个静电场。
The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.这个效应,静电指控对方是非常重要的。
他们要么排斥(离开)或吸引(一起)每个其他。
专业英语翻译第一章.doc
专业英语翻译第⼀章.doc注：电⽓⼯程及其⾃动化专业英语翻译 1~7⾯班级：1002班学号：20姓名：王定瑞PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals第1部分的电⽓⼯程基础第1章电路原理1.1 Electrostatic Charges1.1 静电荷Protons and electrons are parts of atoms that make up all things in our world. The positive charge of a proton is similar to the negative charge of an electron. However, a positive charge is the opposite of a negative charge. These charges are called electrostatic charges. Each charged particle is surrounded by an electrostatic field.质⼦和电⼦部件的原⼦构成⼀切事物在我们的世界。
正电荷的质⼦是类似于负电荷的电⼦。
然⽽,⼀个正电荷的反⾯是⼀个负电荷。
这些指控被称为静电荷。
每个带电粒⼦周围是⼀个静电场。
The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.这个效应,静电指控对⽅是⾮常重要的。
刚整理的专业英语课文翻译
第一单元Human bodyTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
专业英语完整翻译
Unit 1 Production of DrugsDepending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups:I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)，Ⅱ.Natural products，andⅢ.Products from partial syntheses (semi-synthetic products).The emphasis of the present book is on the most important compounds of groups I and Ⅲ一thus Drug synthesis. This does not mean，however，that natural products or other agents are less important. They can serve as valuable lead structures，and they are frequently needed as starting materials or as intermediates for important synthetic products.Table 1 gives an overview of the different methods for obtaining pharmaceutical agents.1单元生产的药品其生产或出身不同药剂可以分为三类：1。
完全（合成纤维）合成材料，Ⅱ。
天然产物，和Ⅲ。
产品从（半合成产品）的部分合成。
本书的重点是团体的最重要的化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ一所以药物合成。
这并不意味着，但是，天然产品或其他代理人并不太重要。
它们可以作为有价值的领导结构，他们常常为原料，或作为重要的合成中间体产品的需要。
(完整word版)英语专业综合英语1翻译句子
综英翻译UNIT71) 我爬上峭壁，以便饱览大海的景色。
(scramble)I scrambled up the cliff for a good view of the sea.2) 他向窃贼猛扑过去，为夺取武器与之争斗。
(lunge)He lunged at the burglar and wrestled with him for the weapon.3) 我认为我国国民经济将继续快速增长。
(figure)I figure that our national economy will continue to develop rapidly.4) 董事长力图让股东们放心，公司业绩不佳的情况不会再发生。
(reassure)The president (chairman) made an effort to reassure the shareholders that the company’s bad results would never occur again (would not be repeated).5) 别像个孩子似的，要控制住你自己。
(pull oneself together)Stop acting like a baby! Pull yourself together.6) 他是个非常隐秘的人，从不向任何人透露自己的秘密。
(confide in)Being very much a private man, he does not confide in anyone.7)我们憎恨恐怖分子对普通人不加区别的施暴行为。
(indiscriminate)We all hate the terrorists’ indiscriminate violence against ordinary people.8) 这个国家有许多人对暴力犯罪案件的急剧增加感到惊慌。
(alarm)Many people in this country are alarmed by the dramatic increase in violent crimes.9) 我们预料敌人可能设法过河，所以我们把桥摧毁了。
(完整版)电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译
第一章第一篇sectiongTwo variables u(t) and i(t) are the most basic concepts in an electric circuit, they characterize the various relationships in an electric circuitu(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量，它们刻划了电路的各种关系。
Charge and CurrentThe concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explaining all electrical phenomena. Also, the most basic quantity in an electric circuit is the electric charge. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C).电荷和电流电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。
也即，电路中最基本的量是电荷。
电荷是构成物质的原子微粒的电气属性，它是以库仑为单位来度量的。
We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons. We also know that the charge e on an electron is negative and equal in magnitude to 1.60210×10 19C, while a proton carries a positive charge of the same magnitude as the electron. The presence of equal numbers of protons and electrons leaves an atom neutrally charged.我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的基本构造部分组成的，并且每个原子是由电子，质子和中子组成的。
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PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals第1部分的电气工程基础第1章电路原理1.1 Electrostatic Charges1.1 静电荷Protons and electrons are parts of atoms that make up all things in our world. The positive charge of a proton is similar to the negative charge of an electron. However, a positive charge is the opposite of a negative charge. These charges are called electrostatic charges. Each charged particle is surrounded by an electrostatic field.质子和电子部件的原子构成一切事物在我们的世界。
正电荷的质子是类似于负电荷的电子。
然而,一个正电荷的反面是一个负电荷。
这些指控被称为静电荷。
每个带电粒子周围是一个静电场。
The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.这个效应,静电指控对方是非常重要的。
他们要么排斥(离开)或吸引(一起)每个其他。
据说,同种电荷排斥和异种电荷吸引。
The atoms of some materials can be made to gain or lose electrons. The material then becomes charged. One way to do this is to rub a glass rod with a piece of silk cloth. The glass rod loses electrons ( - ) , so it now has a positive ( + ) charge. The silk cloth pulls electrons ( - ) away from the glass. Since the silk cloth gains new electrons, it now has a negative ( - ) charge. Another way to charge a material is to rub a rubber rod with fur.原子的一些材料可以获得或失去电子。
材料然后变成带电。
一个办法是摩擦玻璃棒用一块丝绸。
玻璃棒失去电子(-),所以它现在有了一个积极的(+)费用。
丝绸布拉电子(-)远离玻璃。
因为丝绸布获得新电子,现在有一个负(-)费用。
另一种方式收取材料是磨橡胶棒带毛皮。
It is also possible to charge other materials because some materials are charged when they are brought close to another charged object. If a charged rubber rod is touched against another material, the second material may become charged. 2 Remember that materials are charged due to the movement of electrons and protons. Also, remember that when an atom loses electrons ( - ), it becomes positive ( + ). These facts are very important in the study of electronics.也有可能收取其他材料,因为一些材料费用当他们带来了接近另一个带电物体。
如果一个带电橡胶棒是感动与另一个材料,第二材料可能成为带电。
2记住材料被指控由于电子和质子的运动。
同时,也要记住,当一个原子失去电子(-),它成为积极的(+)。
这些事实是非常重要的在学习电子产品。
Charged materials affect each other due to lines of force. These imaginary lines cannot be seen. However, they exert a force in all directions around a charged material. Their force is similar to the force of gravity around the earth. This force is called a gravitational field.带电材料互相影响由于力线。
这些假想的线不能被看到。
然而,他们施加一个力向四面八方围绕一个带电材料。
他们的力量是类似于重力围绕地球。
这个力称为引力场。
Most people have observed the effect of static electricity. Whenever objects become charged, it is due to static electricity. A common example of static electricity is lightning. Lightning is caused by a difference in charge ( + and - ) between the earth's surface and the clouds during a storm. The arc produced by lightning is the movement of charges between the earth and the clouds. Another common effect of static electricity is being "shocked" by a doorknob after Walking across a carpeted floor. Static electricity also causes clothes taken from a dryer to cling together and hair to stick to a comb.大多数人已经观察到效果的静电。
每当对象成为带电,这是由于静电。
一个常见的例子,静电是闪电。
闪电是由一个不同的电荷(+,-)在地球表面和云在风暴。
电弧产生的闪电是运动和地球之间的指控的云。
另一个常见的效应的静电被“震惊”,一个门把手走在铺着地毯的地板。
静电也导致衣服是从一个干燥机抱在一起,头发坚持一个梳Electrical charges are used to filter dust and soot in devices called electrostatic filters. Electrostatic precipitators are used in power plants to filter the exhaust gas that goes into the air. Static electricity is also used in the manufacture of sandpaper and in the spray painting of automobiles. A device called an electroscope is used to detect a negative or positive charge.大多数人已经观察到效果的静电。
每当对象成为带电,这是由于静电。
一个常见的例子,静电是闪电。
闪电是由一个不同的电荷(+,-)在地球表面和电荷是用来过滤灰尘和烟尘在设备称为静电过滤器。
静电除尘器用于发电厂来过滤废气,进入空气。
静电也用于制造砂纸和喷漆的汽车。
了一种叫做验电器是用来检测一个消极或积极的电荷。
1.2 Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors1.2.1 Conductors1.2导体、绝缘体和半导体1.2.1导体A material through which current flows is called a conductor. A conductor passes electric current very easily. Copper and aluminum wire are commonly used as conductors. Conductors are said to have low resistance to electrical current flow. Conductors usually have three or fewer electrons in the outer orbit of their atoms. Remember that the electrons of an atom orbit around the nucleus. Many metals are electrical conductors. Each metal has a different ability to conduct electric current. Materials with only one outer orbit or valence electron (gold, silver, copper) are the best conductors. For example, silver is a better conductor than copper, but it is too expensive to use in large amounts. Aluminum does not conduct electrical current as well as copper, but it is commonly used, since it is cheaper and lighter than other conductors. Copper is used more than any other conductor.一个材料电流流经它叫做导体。