考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语历年真题阅读长难句10０句精析１.Ｗhｉｌe warningｓaｒe often apprｏｐrｉａte and necｅsｓary —tｈe ｄan ｇｅrs of drug intｅrａcｔions,fｏr example—aｎd many are requirｅｄby sｔａte or fedｅral rｅguｌations,it ｉsn't cleａr that tｈey acｔualｌｙproｔｅｃtｔhe manｕfactｕrｅrｓand sｅllers frｏmｌiabilｉtｙif a cusｔomer ｉｓｉnjurｅd.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,ｉt isn'ｔcｌear that thｅyａctｕalｌyｐroｔeｃt tｈe ｍanufａcturerｓaｎd ｓｅllers from lｉabｉlity if a customer ｉs inｊured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语ｉt,真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个ｉf 引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：ｍａnｙaｒｅrｅquｉrｅｄby sｔaｔe ｏrｆederａl regulaｔions中的many是指mａny warnings。
２.Aｄdｉtioｎal social stｒesses may ａlso occｕr becａｕsｅoｆthe populａtion eｘpｌoｓion ｏｒproblems aｒiｓiｎｇfrom masｓmigｒaｔｉon mｏvｅｍent ｓ—ｔheｍsｅlves made relａtivｅlｙeasy noｗadａys bｙｍoｄｅｒn mｅans ｏf tr ａｎsporｔ.【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
【分析】句子主干结构是Addiｔionａl sｏｃｉal streｓｓｅｓmay also ｏccuｒbecau ｓｅof...简单句+ ｂecause oｆ表示的原因状语,整句翻译应该根据先原因后结果的原则，将主句放在最后；beｃause ｏf后面有两个宾语ｔhe poｐuｌａｔｉon exploｓion orｐroblems；名词ｐroblems带有现在分词短语作后置定语arisｉng from mａss migratioｎｍo ｖｅments; themｓelｖｅs指前面的名词短语ｍａｓs migｒatiｏn movements,后面的过去分词短语是theｍｓelvｅs的定语。
3. Therｅｅxists a sociａl ａnｄcuｌturａｌdisconneｃt betweenｊｏｕｒnａlistsａnd theｉr readers,ｗｈｉcｈhelps eｘplain whｙtｈe “ｓｔandard tempｌa tes” oｆｔhｅnewsroom seem alｉeｎto many ｒｅaders．【译文】新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”似乎与许多读者的意趣相差甚远。
【分析】主句也是一个therｅ加系动词的用法。
而表语后都有一个定语从句。
本句的定语从句是whｉch hｅlps exｐlain ｗhyｔhe “standａrd ｔempｌａtes”of the newsｒo ｏm sｅem alien to maｎｙrｅａdｅrs。
Alien本义为异国的,此处是相差甚远,背道而驰。
如果考生不了解sｔanｄard templateｓ的意思，可以从上下文中找其相同作用和功能的词组，如上句中的a ｓtoryｌiｎe和baｃkbonｅ,那么就应该知道它们指的都是记者们在写新闻和评论时固定的套路和思维。
4. Ｔhis phenｏmenon has crｅaｔed serｉｏｕs conｃerｎs oｖeｒthe rolｅoｆsmａller ｅconomiｃfiｒｍｓ,ｏfｎａtioｎaｌｂuｓiｎessmeｎaｎd ｏver theｕlｔimate stabiliｔy of tｈｅworld ｅconｏmy.【译文】这种现象引起了人们对小型经济实体、民族商人的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定性的极大关注。
【分析】全句的主干是Thiｓphenomenon has creaｔed seriｏus coｎcerｎs。
人们的担忧实际包含两个方面(即句子的两个状语)：一个是thｅroｌｅ(of smaller ｅconomic fｉrms, oｆnational businｅｓｓmen) ,另一个是ｔｈe ulｔｉmaｔｅstａbility (ｏｆthｅｗorｌｄeｃonｏmy）。
但是由于两个状语太长,建议在翻译时调整一下句子的结构,这样句子肯定更通畅些。
5. Cｅrtaiｎly ｐeople do nｏt sｅemｌesｓinterestｅｄｉn sｕcｃeｓs and iｔs signｓnow ｔhan forｍｅrly. Ｓｕmｍer homｅs,Europeａn traｖeｌ,BMWs—ｔhe locatｉons,pｌaｃｅｎａmｅｓａnｄnamｅbrandsｍａy chanｇe,but such iｔeｍsｄo not ｓeeｍlｅss in demand tｏday thａn a decaｄｅor tｗo yｅaｒｓaｇo.【译文】当然,人们现在对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱。
避暑别墅、欧洲旅行、宝马车——它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变，但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前减少。
【分析】此处出现了两个比较级，less ｉnteｒestｅｄｉn succｅss ａnｄits sｉｇns ｎｏw thaｎｆormerｌy和less iｎdemand tｏdaｙｔhaｎa decａde ｏｒｔｗo ｙears ａgo。
另外要特别注意句中的双重否定:一是dｏnｏt seemｌｅss inｔerｅstｅｄin succeｓs ａｎdｉｔｓsiｇnｓｎow ｔｈan fｏrｍｅrly，一是ｄo ｎot sｅeｍless in deｍand toｄay thaｎａdｅcａde oｒtwｏyears aｇo。
6.Instead,ｗe are treatedｔoｆｉne hypocritｉｃal spｅctａｃleｓ, wｈicｈnｏｗｍoｒｅthａn ｅvｅr seeｍiｎamｐle supply: ｔhe critｉｃof Ａmerican ｍaｔeriaｌismｗith ａＳoｕｔhamptｏn suｍmｅr home; thｅpublisher ｏｆradiｃal book ｓwho takeｓhｉs meals in thrｅe stａｒｒestauranｔｓ;the journalist adｖocａtｉn ｇparticipatorｙdemｏcrａcy iｎall phaseｓof lifｅ,ｗhoｓｅown ｃhiｌdｒen are enroll ｅｄin prｉvａte scｈools.【译文】相反，我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观：美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅，激进图书的出版商在三星级餐馆就餐，倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者把自己的子女送进私立学校。
【分析】本句的主句是ｗｅare tｒｅaｔed tｏfine ｈｙpoｃrｉtiｃａlｓpecta ｃles。
非限定性的定语从句(whｉｃh now moreｔhａｎever seｅm in ａｍｐle supply) 修饰speｃtaｃleｓ。
冒号后面的成分是三个并列的名词性短语,其核心词分别是cr ｉtiｃ,puｂlisｈer和joｕｒｎａlｉst。
spectacleｓ在文中意为“壮观景象”,有一定的反讽意味。
7.This doｅs not mｅan that ａmbitioｎis at an end,ｔhaｔpｅoｐle ｎo loｎgｅr feel its sｔirrings and promptiｎｇs,bｕt onlyｔｈat,ｎｏｌｏnｇer openlｙhonｏred,it iｓless ｏｐeｎly prｏfesseｄ.【译文】这并不意味着抱负已经穷途末路,人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了;而只是说明人们不再公开地以它为荣,更不愿公开地坦承了。
【分析】这是一个简单句，主干是tｈis dｏes noｔmeaｎ,后面接了三个并列的ｔhat 从句作meａn的宾语。
在第三个宾语从句中,it指代amｂiｔion,no longｅr ｏpenly hｏｎor ｅd是插入语，作该从句的状语。
ｔｈat peoplｅno longer feel its stirｒings ａnd ｐｒomptinｇs意思是thａt pｅoplｅare nｏloｎger ｓtirｒｅｄand pｒoｍｐteｄｂy aｍbiｔｉon。
８．The attacks oｎambition ａｒｅmany and comｅｆｒｏm varｉous ａnｇｌe ｓ;its pubｌiｃｄｅfenｄeｒs ａre fewａnd unimprｅssiｖe, where they are noｔextremely uｎatｔractive.【译文】对抱负的攻击非常之多，而且观点不尽相同；公开为之辩解的则少之又少，而且并不为人注意,尽管他们并非一点吸引力也没有。
【分析】此句是用分号隔开的两个并列句，后面的一个分句中有一个whｅre引导的定语从句，从整体上来修饰iｔｓpublic ｄｅfeｎｄers,只不过先行词用了wｈere。
9.Tｈe asｔｏnisｈiｎg diｓｔｒuｓｔof ｔｈｅnews ｍedia ｉsｎ't rｏｏｔed iｎiｎaccuraｃy or poｏｒrｅporｔorial ｓｋｉlｌs buｔin ｔhe daily cｌash of world vieｗs ｂｅtwｅen reporｔers and ｔheiｒreaｄers.【译文】对新闻媒介这种令人震惊的不信任,其根源并非是报道失实或低下的报道技巧，而是记者与读者的世界观每天都发生着碰撞。
考研英语长难句66句(含详细解析)
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的）Intuitive 先天的和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than结构翻译为与其说，不如说。
微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现和找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文p
•The most obvious example［主］is［系］late-stage cancer care［表］.
•Physicians［宾］插入语：frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and
fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer［谓］aggressive treatment far beyond［宾］
•宾语从句:what住］is scientifically justified［谓］单词:
Cancer n.癌症Scientifically ad.科学地
词组：
Late-stage a.晚期的解析：
•两个破折号之间是插入语，截断了主语和谓语what引导宾语从句，做介词beyond的宾语
直译：最明显的例子就是晚期癌症的治疗。医生——由于对治疗疾病无 能为力而沮丧，以及害怕病人失去希望——经常提供大胆的，和远远超 过科学合理的治疗方法译文：最明显的例子便是晚期癌症的护理。医生——由于不能治愈这种 疾病而感到沮丧，同时又担心病人失去希望——经常采用大胆的医疗方 法，这些方法远不符合科学标准
重点：
•that引导定语从句，修饰everythingEven if引导让步状语从句
2.The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care . Physicians-frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified .
历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析
1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. 【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组，动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die，修饰the first legal authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
)I didn’t understand how you could take the life of an innocent animal.(我不明白你怎么能杀死一个无辜的动物。
历年考研英语真题长难句解析1
历年考研英语真题长难句解析1历年考研英语真题长难句解析11. Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.【译文】事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为根底的，而这种共同认识并不存在。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句，主语是it isn't，省略了表语，完好的说法是it isn't a useful, ground-clearing way to start. because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights是一个表示原因的状语从句，其表语an agreed account of human rights跟了一个定语从句which is something the world doesn't have。
注意状语从句中的主语it指代上文的the question，it assumes意思是“这种问题(问法)是假定的”。
【讲词】 account一词的正确理解是翻译的关键。
an agreed account of human rights意思是“an agreed understanding of human rights”。
agreed意为“一致的”。
This is the agreed price at which the stock will be traded.(这是股票交易的约定价格。
)They met at the agreed time.(他们按约定时间见面。
)2. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.【译文】有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在在于社会契约中，是责任与权益相交换的一局部。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured、【译文】尽管警告常常就是适当而且必须得——比如对于药物相互作用得危险提出警告——许多警告还就是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出得，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告就是不就是确实可以使得生产者与销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured就是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正得主语就是that引导得从句，而that从句之后就是一个if引导得条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间得部分就是举例说明warnings得内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中得many就是指many warnings。
2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 、【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起得各种问题也会对社会造成新得压力。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
历年考研真题长难句的解析
历年考研真题长难句的解析历年考研真题长难句的解析1.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many panies haveapplied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.【译文】他的同事迈克比尔说，太多的公司已用机械的方式进展重组，在没有充分考虑到长期赢利才能的情况下降低了本钱。
【析句】句子的主干〔His colleague,MichaelBeer,says〕比拟明了，宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
从句包含两个状语成分，一是in a mechanistic fashion表示方式，一是如今分词短语chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought tolong-term profitability表示伴随，都是说明谓语applied的。
【讲词】apply意为“申请；应用”，在句中“运用”的意思。
The purpose of the guidelines applied in the program is to improve the efficiency of the pany.〔在该方案中施行这些方针的目的是为了进步公司的效率。
〕Itis more important to apply what we have learned into practice.〔把我们所学的知识应用于理论更为重要。
〕2.Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giantdams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood anddrought that makes the ideal of for cing the waters to do our bidding sofascinating.【译文】在重大技术所创造的东西中很少能有像大型水坝这样让人痴迷的。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文v
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文1. Everybody loves a fat pay rise . Yet pleasure at you own can vanish if you learn that a colleague have been given a bigger one . Indeed , if he has a reputation for slacking , you might even be outraged .结构：•Everybody [主] loves [谓] a fat pay rise [宾] .•Yet pleasure at you own [主] can vanish [谓]•条件状语从句：if you [主] learn [谓]•宾语从句：that a colleague [主] have been given [谓（被）] a bigger one [宾] .•Indeed ,•条件状语从句：if he [主] has [谓] a reputation for slacking [宾] ,•主句：you [主] might even be [系] outraged [表]单词：rise vi.上升升起起身增加上涨Vanish vi.消失消亡Reputation n.名誉名声Slack a.松散的vi.懒散偷懒Outrage vt.使震怒n.震怒解析：•if引导条件状语从句•第一个条件状语从句中包含了一个宾语从句•that引导宾语从句，做learn的宾语直译：每个人都喜欢涨丰厚的工资。
然而，你的这种愉悦感可能会消失，如果你知道你的同事得到了更高的工资的情况下。
尤其是，这个同事有一个懒散的名声，那么你可能会更加愤怒译文：人人都喜欢丰厚的加薪，然而，如果你了解到某个同事的薪水增加得更多的话，那么加薪给你带来的喜悦感就消失了，事实上，如果这位同事还有懒散的名声的话，你甚至可能会怒不可遏重点：•if引导条件状语从句,可翻译为如果...那么•第一个条件状语从句中包含了一个宾语从句•that引导宾语从句，做learn的宾语2. Such behaviour is regarded as “ all too human ”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance .结构：•Such behaviour [主] is regarded as [谓（被）] “ all too human ”[宾],•with the underlying assumption [状]•同位语从句：that other animals [主] would not be capable of [谓] this finely developed sense of grievance [宾]单词：Underlying a.潜在的在下面的assumption n.假设Finely ad.非常地细微地美好地grievance n.委屈不满词组：Regard as 看成看作Be capable of 能够解析：•that引导同位语从句，补充说明assumption直译：这些行为被认为是“全都是人类的”，原因是有这样一个潜在的假设，其他的动物没有这种非常发达的不满情绪译文：这种的行为被看成是“人之常情”，其中隐含的假设是：其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的不满意识重点：•Regard as 看成看作•Be capable of 能够•that引导同位语从句，补充说明assumption3. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta , Georgia , which has just been published in Nature , suggests that it is all too monkey , as well .结构：•But a study [主] by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta•插入语：, Georgia ,•定语从句：which [主] has just been published [表] in Nature , suggests [谓]•宾语从句：that it [主] is [系] all too monkey , as well [表]As well 也同样解析：•两个逗号之间是插入语•which引导定语从句，修饰study，并截断了主语和谓语•that引导宾语从句，做suggests的宾语直译：但是，G亚特兰大E大学的SB和FW刚刚在《自然》杂志上出版的研究认为，这种不满的意识同样属于猴子译文：但是，由乔治亚州亚特兰大市埃默里大学的莎拉布罗斯南和弗兰斯德瓦尔进行的一项研究显示：这种行为也极具猴性，这项研究刚刚发布在《自然》杂志上重点：•两个逗号之间是插入语•which引导定语从句，修饰study，并截断了主语和谓语•that引导宾语从句，做suggests的宾语4. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys . They look cute . They are good-natured , co-operative creatures , and they share their food readily .•The researchers [主] studied [谓] the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys [宾] .•They look cute .•They are good-natured , co-operative creatures ,•and they share their food readily单词：Brown a.棕色的Capuchin n.卷尾猴僧帽猴readily ad.容易地乐意地无困难地直译：研究人员研究的是雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为。
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析+译文整套
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析+译文Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter relaxed muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.词汇突破:indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt]vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征laughter [ˈlɑːftə(r)]n. 笑；笑声结构分析:句子的主干是Studies indicate。
现在分词短语dating back to the 1930s 作后置定语修饰studies。
that laughter relaxed muscles 引导一个宾语从句，decreasing muscle tone 在宾语从句中作结果状语，介词短语for up to 45 minutes 作时间状语，after the laugh dies down 是一个时间状语从句。
参考译文:追溯到20世纪30年代的研究表明，笑可以放松肌肉，在笑声消失后，肌肉张力会降低长达45分钟。
It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.词汇突破:eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt]v. 排除，消除element [ˈelɪmənt]n. 元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境结构分析:本句的主干结构是It tends to ignore and to eliminate many elements。
句中两个that 引导的并列的定语从句，修饰elements。
考研英语长难句
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