期中复习参考答案11

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北京版英语小学六年级上学期期中试题与参考答案

北京版英语小学六年级上学期期中复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A)The student is in Beijing.B)The student is in Shanghai.C)The student is in Guangzhou.Answer: A) The student is in Beijing.Explanation: The dialogue mentions “Beijing National Stadium,” which isa landmark in Beijing, indicating that the student is in Beijing.2、Listen to the question and choose the correct answer from the four options given.Question: What is the weather like today?A)It’s sunny and warm.B)It’s cloudy and cold.C)It’s rainy and windy.D)It’s snowing and very cold.Answer: A) It’s sunny and warm.Explanation: The question asks about the weather, and the answer “sunny and warm” is directly related to the weather condit ion mentioned in thequestion.3、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question you hear.A. The children are going to the park to play soccer.B. The children are going to the library to study.C. The children are going to the museum to learn about history.Answer: CExplanation: In the conversation, the children mention that they are going to the museum to learn about the ancient artifacts, which matches option C.4、Listen to the passage and answer the question.Question: What is the main reason for the city council’s decision to build more parks?A. To increase the city’s property values.B. To provide more recreational spaces for the community.C. To reduce traffic congestion in the city.Answer: BExplanation: In the passage, the city council states that the decision to build more parks is to enhance the quality of life for the community and provide more recreational spaces, which aligns with option B.5.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What is the weather like today?B. Where is the library located?C. How can I get to the museum?Answer: BExplanation: The question asks for the location of the library, which is indicated in the dialogue as “It’s on the third floor of the building nex t to the park.”6.Listen to the short passage and answer the following question.Question: What is the main purpose of the school’s new garden?A. To provide a place for students to play.B. To encourage students to learn about plants and nature.C. To inc rease the school’s green space.Answer: BExplanation: The passage mentions that the school’s new garden is designed to “give students the opportunity to learn about different types of plants and how they grow,” which suggests that the main purpose is educ ational rather than just recreational or for increasing green space.7.What are the children doing in this picture?A. They are playing soccer.B. They are eating lunch.C. They are reading books.Answer: CExplanation: The picture shows children sitting in a classroom, with books open in front of them, indicating they are reading books.8.How many books does the library have in total?A. 500B. 1500C. 2500Answer: CExplanation: The library’s sign on the wall says “2500 Books.” Therefore, the total number of books in the library is 2500.9.You are listening to a conversation between a teacher and a student. The teacher is asking about the student’s weekend plan. Listen carefully and choose the correct answer.A. The student is going to visit their grandparents.B. The student is planning to stay at home and study.C. The student is going to attend a sports competition.Answer: BExplanation: The teacher asks the student what they are going to do over the weekend, and the student replies that they plan to stay at home and study, so the correct answer is B.10.Listen to a short passage about a famous landmark in Beijing. After listening, choose the correct answer to the following question.What is the famous landmark in Beijing mentioned in the passage?A. The Great WallB. The Forbidden CityC. The Summer PalaceAnswer: BExplanation: The passage describes the history and significance of a famous landmark in Beijing. The teacher mentions that it was the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties, which corresponds to the Forbidden City. Therefore, the correct answer is B.11.Listen to the conversation between two students in a library and answer the following question.Student A: Hey, have you finished reading the book “The Great Gatsby” for our English class?Student B: Not yet, I’m still on chapter 4. How about you?Student A: I just finished it last night. It was quite an interesting read.Question: What book are the students discussing?A)“The Great Gatsby”B)“1984”C)“The Catcher in the Rye”D)“To Kill a Mockingbird”Answer: A) “The Great Gatsby”Explanation: In the conversation, Student A mentions finishing “The Great Gatsby” last night, indicating that this is the book they are discussing.12.Listen to the dialogue between a teacher and a student in a school office and answer the following question.Teacher: Good morning, Student. Can I help you with something?Student: Yes, I would like to know when the next science fair will be held.Teacher: It’s scheduled for next Friday, October 15th, from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm.Question: When is the next science fair?A)October 15thB)November 1stC)September 20thD)December 10thAnswer: A) October 15thExplanation: The teacher explicitly states that the next science fair is scheduled for October 15th.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The teacher was______when she heard the students’ excellent performance.A. satisfiedB. disappointedC. surprisedD. worriedAnswer: C. surprisedExplanation: The sentence implies that the teacher’s reaction was unexpected, which is best described by “surprised.” The other options do notconvey the sense of unexpectedness or the tone of the sentence.2、Select the word that is different from the others in terms of meaning.A. KindnessB. BraveryC. DishonestyD. GenerosityAnswer: C. DishonestyExplanation: Kindness, bravery, and generosity are all positive qualities. Dishonesty, on the other hand, is a negative trait, making it the word that stands out among the options.3、What is the capital city of China?A) ShanghaiB) BeijingC) GuangzhouD) ShenzhenAnswer: B) BeijingExplanation: Beijing is the capital city of China. The other options listed are major cities in China but not the capital. Shanghai is the largest city, Guangzhou is a major city in southern China, and Shenzhen is known for its rapid development and is a special economic zone.4、Which of the following is not one of the Great Wall’s main defensive features?A) watchtowersB) battlementsC) drawbridgesD) tunnelsAnswer: C) drawbridgesExplanation: The Great Wall of China is famous for its watchtowers and battlements, which were used for observing enemy movements and defending against attacks. Tunnels are not a typical feature of the Great Wall. Drawbridges, while used in some defensive structures, are not a defining characteristic of the Great Wall.5.What is the capital city of China?A. ShanghaiB. BeijingC. GuangzhouD. ShenzhenAnswer: B. BeijingExplanation: Beijing is the capital city of China. It is also one of the most ancient cities in the world with a history of over three millennia.6.Which of the following is a famous sightseeing spot in Beijing?A. The Great WallB. The Eiffel TowerC. The ColosseumD. The Golden Gate BridgeAnswer: A. The Great WallExplanation: The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. It is an ancient wall that was built to protect the Chinese empire from invasions. The other options are famous landmarks in their respective countries.7、The Great Wall of China is located in:A. ShanghaiB. BeijingC. GuangzhouD. ShenzhenAnswer: B. BeijingExplanation: The Great Wall of China is a famous historical site located in northern China, with Beijing being its most well-known segment.8、In the sente nce “She went to the library yesterday to borrow some books,” “library” is:A. the subjectB. the predicateC. the objectD. the adverbialAnswer: C. the objectExplanation: In the sentence provided, “She” is the subject, “went tothe library yesterday to borrow some books” is the predicate, and “some books” is the object, which is what the verb “borrow” acts upon.9.What is the capital city of China?A)ShanghaiB)BeijingC)GuangzhouD)ShenzhenAnswer: B) BeijingExplanation: Beijing is the capital city of China. The other options are major cities but not the capital.10.Which of the following is a traditional Chinese instrument?A)ViolinB)PianoC)GuzhengD)GuitarAnswer: C) GuzhengExplanation: The Guzheng is a traditional Chinese musical instrument, known for its long, plucked strings. The violin, piano, and guitar are not traditional Chinese instruments.11、Which of the following sentences is correct?A) She don’t like playing bask etball.B) She doesn’t likes playing basketball.C) She doesn’t like playing basketball.D) She not like playing basketball.Answer: C) She doesn’t like playing basketball.Explanation: The correct sentence uses “doesn’t” (the contraction for “does not”) followed by the base form of the verb “like.” In A, “don’t”is incorrect because it does not agree with the third-person singular subject “she.” B has an extra “s” on “likes,” which is wrong after “doesn’t.”D is missing the auxiliary verb “does” to form th e negative statement correctly.12、Choose the word that has a different pronunciation from the others:A) seaB) meatC) headD) teaAnswer: C) headExplanation: The words “sea,” “meat,” and “tea” all have the long “e” sound /iː/. However, “head” has a short “e” sound /ɛd/, making it the word with a different pronunciation from the rest.These types of questions help students practice grammar and phonetics, which are important aspects of the English language learning process at the elementary school level.三、完型填空（10分）Read the following passage and choose the best word for each blank from the optionsgiven.The science museum in Beijing is a popular destination for students. Every year, thousands of [1] visit the museum during their school trips. The museum has a variety of exhibits that [2] visitors of all ages. One of the most interesting exhibits is the “Ancient Chinese Inventions” section, which showcases the [3] and contributions of ancient Chinese people to the world.The exhibit includes models of ancient Chinese [4] like the Great Wall and the Terra Cotta Army, as well as [5] of traditional Chinese architecture. Visitors can also learn about the history of the Great Wall and how it was built over [6] centuries.1.A. tourists B. students C. workers D. teachers2.A. attract B. surprise C. bore D. ignore3.A. stories B. myths C. legends D. fables4.A. landmarks B. artifacts C. ruins D. relics5.A. imitations B. replicas C. sketches D. drawings6.A. several B. many C. several hundred D. numerousAnswers:1.B. students2.A. attract3.C. legends4.B. artifacts5.B. replicas6.C. several hundred四、阅读理解（26分）Midterm Examination - Sixth Grade (First Semester)Section IV: Reading ComprehensionPassage: The Four Seasons in BeijingBeijing, the capital of China, experiences all four seasons with distinct characteristics. Spring in Beijing is usually dry and windy, often bringing sandstorms from the Gobi Desert. The temperature can be quite variable during this time, and it’s common to see people wearing a variety of clothing from light summer outfits to winter coats within the same day. Summer arrives with heat and humidity, making it feel quite uncomfortable especially during July and August. It is also the rainy season in Beijing. Autumn is considered the best season in Beijing because the weather is neither too hot nor too cold. The skies are clear and the air is crisp and fresh. Winter in Beijing is long and cold, with occasional snowfall that transforms the city into a picturesque wonderland. Despite the cold, many people enjoy outdoor activities such as ice skating on frozen lakes or visiting the Great Wall under snow.Questions:1.Which season does the passage describe as the most pleasant in Beijing and why?A. SpringB. SummerC. AutumnD. Winter2.What kind of weather condition is mentioned as being common during spring in Beijing?A. Heavy rainB. SandstormsC. SnowfallD. High humidity3.During which months does the passage indicate that Beijing experiences its hottest temperatures?A. March and AprilB. May and JuneC. July and AugustD. September and OctoberAnswers:1.C. Autumn - Because the weather is neither too hot nor too cold, and the skies are clear with crisp, fresh air.2.B. Sandstorms - These are brought by the wind during the spring season.3.C. July and August - The passage mentions these months as particularly uncomfortable due to heat and humidity.This comprehension exercise is designed to test students’ ability to understand key details and draw conclusions based on the information provided in the text.五、写作题（16分）题目：Write a short story about a day in the life of a sixth-grade student in Beij ing. Describe the student’s morning routine, school day, and evening activities. Include details about the student’s family, friends, and interests. Be creative and make sure your story is engaging and informative.示例：Title: A Typical Day in BeijingAs the sun rose over the bustling city of Beijing, Liu Yifei woke up to the sound of his parents’ voices. The morning was filled with the aroma of freshly brewed tea and the hum of the city outside. Liu Yifei’s day began with a morning exercise routine in the local park, where he practiced tai chi with his grandfather.After breakfast, Liu Yifei took a crowded bus to his school, Beijing No. 1 Middle School. He was excited to see his friends, Wang Xiaoyu and Zhang Li, who were already waiting for him. They shared stories and laughed together as they walked to class.In school, Liu Yifei was a bright student who loved science and mathematics. His favorite teacher, Mrs. Wang, was known for her engaging lessons and encouraging attitude. Liu Yifei’s classmates were di verse, and he enjoyed learning about different cultures through their discussions.During lunch break, he met up with his best friend, Liu Zhiyuan, who lovedplaying basketball. They spent their lunchtime shooting hoops in the school courtyard. After school, Liu Yifei attended an after-school science club, where he worked on a project about renewable energy.In the evening, Liu Yifei helped his parents prepare dinner. He was proud to learn how to cook traditional Chinese dishes. After dinner, he spent some time with his younger sister, playing board games and reading together.As night fell, Liu Yifei’s family gathered in the living room to watch a movie together. It was a simple yet happy evening, filled with laughter and warmth. Liu Yifei knew that no matter how busy his days got, his family was always there to support him.解析：This story provides a vivid picture of a typical day in the life of a sixth-grade student in Beijing. The writer includes a variety of details that make the story engaging:•Morning Routine: Describes Liu Yifei’s morning exercise routine, giving readers a sense of the student’s dedicatio n to physical health and family life.•School Day: Provides insight into the student’s academic interests and describes the diverse and inclusive nature of his school environment.•Evening Activities: Highlights the family-oriented lifestyle and the importan ce of family time in the student’s life.•Family and Interests: Introduces the student’s family members anddescribes his interests, such as science and sports, which gives readersa deeper understanding of his character.The story is well-structured, with a clear beginning, middle, and end, and it effectively captures the essence of a typical day in a Beijing student’s life.。

2024-2025学年外研版小学三年级上学期期中英语试卷与参考答案

2024-2025学年外研版英语小学三年级上学期期中复习试卷与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、听力材料：A. Hello, how are you?B. I’m fine, thank you. And you?C. I’m not good. I have a cold.Question: How is the speaker in option B feeling?Answer: A解析：在选项B中，说话者说“I’m fine, thank you. And you?”，表示他感觉很好。

因此，答案是A。

2、听力材料：A. There are three apples on the table.B. There are two cats in the garden.C. There are five birds in the sky.Question: Which sentence is about the number of objects in the sky? Answer: C解析：在选项C中，句子提到“there are five birds in the sky”，表示天空中有五只鸟。

因此，答案是C。

A. It’s sunny.B. It’s rainy.C. It’s windy.Answer: BExplanation: The correct answer is B because the dialogue or text in the listening section likely mentions that it is raining today.4、How many apples does Tom have?A. 5 apples.B. 10 apples.C. 15 apples.Answer: BExplanation: The correct answer is B because the listening section should provide information about the number of apples Tom has, and the dialogue or text should state that Tom has ten apples.5、What is the boy doing in the picture?A. He is eating an apple.B. He is reading a book.C. He is playing with a ball.Answer: BExplanation: The boy in the picture is sitting at a table with a book in his hands, indicating he is reading a book.A. It’s sunny.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s rainy.Answer: AExplanation: The teacher says, “Look outside, the sky is clear and bright. It’sa sunny day today.” Therefore, the correct answer is sunny.7、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer.A. The boy wants to play soccer.B. The girl wants to play basketball.C. They both want to go to the park.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation goes like this:Boy: Hey, do you want to play soccer with me?Girl: No, I’d rather play basketball.The girl expresses her preference for basketball, so the correct answer is B.8、Listen to the question and choose the correct answer.Question: What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s rainy.C. It’s cloudy.Answer: BExplanation: The question asks about the weather. In the dialogue, the speaker says, “It’s raining cats and dogs outside.” This implies t hat it is raining heavily, so the correct answer is B.9.You hear a conversation between two friends at a playground. The first person says, “Hey, look at that kite in the sky. It’s so colorful!”A. What are they talking about?1.A kite2.A ball3.A bikeAnswer: 1. A kiteExplanation: The conversation explicitly mentions a kite, which is the focus of their discussion.10.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student. The teacher asks, “How was your weekend, Tom?”A. What does the teacher ask Tom about?1.His homework2.His weekend activities3.His school projectsAnswer: 2. His weekend activitiesExplanation: The teacher’s question, “How was your weekend,” directly inquires about Tom’s experiences over the weekend, not about his homework or school projects.11.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What’s the weather like today?B. It’s a sunny day.C. I’m going to the park.Answer: BExplanation: The question asks about the weather. The dialogue likely mentions that it’s a sunny day, so the correct answer is B.12.Listen to the story and answer the question.Q: Where does the story take place?A. In a schoolB. At the beachC. In a forestAnswer: CExplanation: The story is likely about an adventure in a forest. Therefore, the correct answer is C.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s rainy.C. It’s windy.Answer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “It’s rainy” because the question asksfor the weather today, and option B correctly identifies it as rainy. Options A and C describe different weather conditions but do not match the question’s prompt.2、My mother buys me a new book every weekend. This weekend, she will buy me _______.A. aB. anC. theAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “a” because it is used to indicate an indefinite article before a singular noun that begins with a consonant sound. “New book” starts with the consonant sound /n/, so “a” is the appropriate article to use. Option B, “an,” is used before vowels or vowel sounds, and option C, “the,” is used to refer to something specific that is already known or mentioned.3、My birthday is in __________.A. June 21stB. July 12thC. August 25thAnswer: BExplanation: The question is asking for the month of the student’s birthday. The correct answer is July 12th.4、There are__________apples on the table.A. 5B. 10C. 15Answer: BExplanation: The question is asking for the number of apples on the table. The correct answer is 10.5、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.Tom is very__________in English.A. goodB. interestingC. happyAnswer: AExplanation: The correct ans wer is “good” because it means that Tom is skilled or has a high level of proficiency in English. “Interesting” and “happy” are not appropriate in this context.6、Match the phrases with their correct meanings.A. I have a pen.1.I have a pencil.B. I have a pencil.2.I have a book.C. I have a book.3.I have a pen.Answer: A-3, B-1, C-2Explanation: The phrases should be matched with their corresponding items. “I have a pen” matches with “I have a pencil” (B-1), “I have a pencil” matches with “I have a book” (B-2), and “I have a book” matches with “I have a pen” (C-3).7、What is the animal that lives in the forest?A. FishB. ElephantC. ChickenD. SharkAnswer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “Elephant” because elephants are commonly found in forests. The other options are animals that typically live in different habitats. Fish live in water, chickens are often domesticated and can live in various environments, and sharks are found in oceans.8、Which color is the sky at night?A. RedB. BlueC. YellowD. BlackAnswer: DExplanation: The correct answer is “Black” because at night, the sky appears dark as the Earth’s atmosphere absorbs the sunlight, making the sky seem black. The other colors mentioned are typically associated with the sky during the day.9.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is sleeping on the __________.A. floorB. tableC. chairAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “floor” because it is the most common place where a cat would sleep. “Table” and “chair” are less likely as they are typically used for sitting or placing objects on.10.Select the word that does not belong in the following list.A. appleB. bananaC. pencilD. eggAnswer: CExplanation: “Apple,” “banana,” and “egg” are all types of food. “Pencil” is a writing instrument and does not belong with the other items listed, which are all edible.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.A. playB. playedC. playingD. to playThe teacher asked us_______(A) at the park today.Answer: CExplanation: The sentence is in the simple past tense, so we need the past simple form of the verb. “Playing” is the gerund form, which is not appropriate here. “To play” is the infinitive form, and “play” is the base form. The correct choice is “played,” which is the past simple form.12.Select the word that does not belong in the group.A. happyB. sadC. hungryD. happyThe children are feeling_______(D) because it’s lunchtime.Answer: DExplanation: The word “happy” is repeated in the options, which means it does not belong in the group of words that describe different feelings. “Happy,” “sad,” and “hungry” are all adjectives that describe different emotions, while “happy” is repeated, making it the odd one out.三、完型填空（10分）Task 3: Cloze TestRead the passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below.Last weekend, Tom went to the [1] park with his family. They decided to have a picnic because the weather was [2]. As they were setting up the blanket, they saw a [3].1.A. large B. small C. beautiful D. nice2.A. sunny B. cloudy C. windy D. rainy3.A. dog B. cat C. bird D. fishTom and his family [4] the dog over to their blanket. The dog [5] them to play fetch.4.A. followed B. brought C. called D. watched5.A. invited B. challenged C. taught D. taughtAnswers:1.D. nice2.A. sunny3.A. dog4.A. followed5.B. challenged四、阅读理解（26分）Title: My Weekend AdventureOne sunny Saturday morning, Xiao Ming woke up early. He had planned a special adventure for the weekend. His parents were going to visit their grandparents, so he had the whole day to himself. Xiao Ming decided to go on a nature hike in the nearby forest.As he put on his hiking boots and backpack, he felt excited. He took a map of the forest and some snacks. The path was well-marked, and Xiao Ming followed it carefully. He loved the sound of the birds singing and the rustling leaves under his feet. The forest was filled with beautiful trees, flowers, and streams.After walking for about an hour, Xiao Ming came across a small clearing. There was a wooden bench there, and he decided to take a break. He sat down and enjoyed the peacefulness of nature. As he looked around, he noticed something unusual. There was a small, golden bird perched on a low branch. It was beautiful and shiny, with a bright red crest on its head.Xiao Ming was fascinated. He watched the bird for a few minutes, trying to catch a glimpse of its feathers in the sunlight. Suddenly, the bird fluttered its wings and flew towards him. Xiao Ming reached out his hand, and the bird landed on his palm. It was so light and warm.The bird stayed with Xiao Ming for about 10 minutes, and then it flew away. Xiao Ming felt a sense of wonder and happiness. He continued his hike, but now he felt even more connected to nature.Finally, after a few hours, Xiao Ming reached the forest exit. He was tired but happy. He had had an unforgettable adventure. As he walked home, he thought about the golden bird and the beautiful day he had just spent in the forest.Questions:1.Why did Xiao Ming decide to go on a nature hike?2.What did Xiao Ming notice about the bird when he first saw it?3.How did Xiao Ming feel at the end of his adventure?Answers:1.Xiao Ming decided to go on a nature hike because his parents were visiting their grandparents, and he had the whole day to himself.2.Xiao Ming noticed that the bird was small, golden, and had a bright red crest on its head.3.Xiao Ming felt tired but happy at the end of his adventure.五、写作题（16分）Title: My Favorite AnimalInstructions: Write a short passage describing your favorite animal. Include its name, appearance, and why you like it so much. Be creative and use interesting adjectives.Example:My favorite animal is the giraffe. Giraffes are very tall and have long necks. They have brown and white spots all over their bodies, which make them look likethey are wearing a unique pattern. I like giraffes because they are gentle and have a calm nature. They are also very unique and special because no two giraffes have the same spots. In addition, giraffes are the tallest land animals in the world, which is amazing. I enjoy watching them in the zoo and learning more about their fascinating lives.Analysis:This example follows the instructions by describing a favorite animal (giraffe), including its name, appearance (tall, long neck, brown and white spots), and reasons for liking it (gentle, calm nature, unique spots, tallest land animal). The passage is creative and uses adjectives like “unique,” “fascinating,” and “amazing” to enhance the description. The structure is clear and concise, making it easy for the reader to understand the writer’s preference for the giraffe.。

统编人教部编版八年级下册语文期中专项复习十一古诗词鉴赏专题及答案解析

八年级下册期中专项复习十一古诗词鉴赏专题及答案解析阅读诗歌回答问题送杜少府之任蜀州王勃城阙辅三秦，风烟望五津。

与君离别意，同是宦游人。

海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

无为在歧路，儿女共沾巾。

1．这首诗表达了诗人什么样的思想感情？2．请从炼字的角度，赏析首联中的“辅”或“望”字。

阅读下面的诗歌，完成后面的题目。

关雎关关雎鸠，在河之洲。

窈窕淑女，君子好逑。

参差荇菜，左右流之。

窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。

求之不得，寤寐思服，优哉游哉，辗转反侧。

参差荇菜，左右采之。

窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。

参差荇菜，左右芼之。

窈窕淑女，钟鼓乐之。

3．这首诗表现了我国古代劳动人民怎样的思想感情？4．诗中大量运用了重章叠句，这种表达方式有什么作用？阅读下面的诗歌，完成题目。

子衿青青子衿，悠悠我心。

纵我不往，子宁不嗣音①？青青子佩，悠悠我思。

纵我不往，子宁不来？挑兮达兮②，在城阙兮。

一日不见，如三月兮！（《诗经·郑风》） [注]①嗣音：传音讯。

②挑兮达兮：形容独自来回走动的样子。

5．这首诗采用了怎样的叙述手法？从结构上看，诗歌的前两章具有怎样的特点？6．这首诗的主要内容是什么？最后一句有什么含义？阅读下面的古诗，完成题目。

桃夭《诗经》桃之夭夭，灼灼其华。

之子于归①，宜其室家。

桃之夭夭，有②其实。

之子于归，宜其家室。

桃之夭夭，其叶蓁蓁③。

之子于归，宜其家人。

[注] ①归：出嫁。

②(fén)：草木果实累累的样子。

③蓁(zhēn)蓁：叶子茂盛的样子。

7．本诗在章法结构上采用了____________的形式。

8．请从比兴手法的角度赏析全诗。

蒹葭蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜。

所谓伊人，在水一方。

溯洄从之，道阻且长。

溯游从之，宛在水中央。

蒹葭萋萋，白露未晞。

所谓伊人，在水之湄。

溯洄从之，道阻且跻。

溯游从之，宛在水中坻。

蒹葭采采，白露未已。

所谓伊人，在水之溪。

溯洄从之，道阻且右。

溯游从之，宛在水中址。

（1）这首诗歌中运用了景物描写，这些景物描写向我们展示了一幅怎样的画面？_________________________________________（2）下列对这首诗的理解和分析不正确的一项是（_______）A．这首诗每章开头两句写景，渲染了萧瑟冷落的气氛，烘托出主人公凄婉惆怅的心情。

2023-2024学年度第一学期山东省济南市九年级数学期中复习试卷及参考答案

2023-2024学年度第一学期山东省济南市九年级数学期中复习试卷（第2章一元二次方程～第六章反比例函数）一、选择题（本大题共有10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）1．一元二次方程x （x ＋2）＝0的解为（）A ．x ＝0B ．x ＝﹣2C ．x 1＝0，x 2＝2D ．x 1＝0，x 2＝﹣22．一个几何体如图水平放置，它的主视图是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．3．若ABC DEF △△∽，其相似比为2:3，则ABC 与DEF △的面积比为（）A ．2:3B ．3:2C ．4:9D ．16:814．已知反比例函数的图象经过点（1，2），则它的图象也一定经过（）A ．（1，﹣2）B ．（﹣1，2）C ．（﹣2，1）D ．（﹣1，﹣2）5.甲、乙两人用“分歧终端机”玩“石头、剪刀、布”：两人先把手伸进不透明的圆筒中出手势，然后同时打开圆筒判断胜、负、平，从而使游戏公平进行．两人玩一次“石头、剪刀、布”，求甲获胜的概率（）A ．12B ．13C ．14D ．166．如图，为估算某河的宽度，在河对岸选定一个目标点A ，在近岸取B ，C ，D 三点，使得AB BC ⊥，CD BC ⊥，点E 在BC 上，并且点A ，E ，D 在同一条直线上，若测得30m BE ＝，10m CE ＝，20m CD ＝，则河的宽度为（）A ．20mB ．30mC ．40mD ．60m7．函数y ax a =+与(0)a y a x=≠在同一坐标系中的图象可能是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．8. 如图，小明在A 时测得某树的影长为8m ，B 时又测得该树的影长为2m ，A．2m B．4m C．6m D．8m9.如图，丁轩同学在晚上由路灯AC走向路灯BD，当他走到点P时，发现身后他影子的顶部刚好接触到路灯AC的底部，当他向前再步行20 m到达Q点时，发现身前他影子的顶部刚好接触到路灯BD的底部，已知丁轩同学的身高是1.5 m，两个路灯的高度都是9 m，则两路灯之间的距离是（）A．24 m B．25 m C．28 m D．30 m10.如图，在正方形ABCD中，E是BC的中点，F是CD上一点，且CF＝14CD，下列结论：①∠BAE＝30°；②△ABE∽△AEF；③AE⊥EF；④△ADF∽△ECF，其中正确的个数为（）A．①②B．②③C．①②③D．②③④二、填空题（本大题共有6个小题，每小题4分，共24分）11．若23a b =，则a b b += ． 12.桌面上倒扣着形状大小相同，背面图案相同的下面五张卡片，从中任意选取一张卡片，恰好是带有光盘行动字样卡片的概率是．13．关于x 的一元二次方程20x x a +−=的一个根是2，则另一个根是．14．如图，已知路灯离地面的高度AB 为4.8m ，身高为1.6m 的小明站在D 处的影长为2m ，那么此时小明离电杆AB 的距离BD 为 m ．15 .如图，某小区计划在一块长为32m ，宽为20m 的矩形空地上修建三条同样宽的道路，剩余的空地上种植草坪，使草坪的面积为2570m ，则道路宽x 为 m ．16.如图，正方形ABCD 的边长为5，点A 的坐标为(4,0)，点B 在y 轴上，若反比例函数(0)k y k x =≠的图象过点C ，则k 的值为．三、解答题（本大题共有10个小题，共86分）17，用适当的方法解方程：（1）x2+6x+4＝0；（2）x（x﹣2）+x﹣2＝0．18.小明和小亮用下面两个可以自由转动的转盘做游戏，每个转盘被分成面积相等的几个扇形．转动两个转盘各一次，若两次数字之积大于2，则小明胜，否则小亮胜．这个游戏对双方公平吗？请说明理由．19.如图，在边长为4的正方形ABCD中，P是BC上的点，且BP＝3PC，Q是CD的中点，求证：△ADQ∽△QCP．AB=，20.已知如图，AB和DE是直立在地面上的两根立柱，5mBC=．某一时刻AB在太阳光下的投影3m(1)请你在图中画出此时DE在阳光下的投影．(2)在测量AB的投影时，同时测量出DE在阳光下的投影长为6m，计算DE的长．21．已知：如图，△ABC是等边三角形，点D、E分别在边BC、AC上，∠ADE=60°．（1）求证：△ABD∽△DCE；（2）如果AB=3，EC=2，求DC的长．322．为庆祝中国共产党建党100周年，某校组织全校学生进行了党史知识竞赛，参赛学生均获奖．为了解本次竞赛获奖的分布情况，从中随机抽取了部分学生的获奖结果进行统计分析，获奖结果分为四个等级：A级为特等奖，B级为一等奖，C级为二等奖，D级为三等奖，将统计结果绘制成了如图所示的两幅不完整的统计图，根据统计图中的信息解答下列问题：（1）本次被抽取的部分人数是名；（2）把条形统计图补充完整；（3）某班有4名获特等奖的学生小利、小芳、小明、小亮，班主任要从中随机选择两名同学进行经验分享，利用列表法或画树状图，求小利被选中的概率．23.某商场一种商品的进价为每件30元，售价为每件40元．每天可销售48件，为尽快减少库存，商场决定降价促销．(1)若该商品连续两次下调相同的百分率后售价降至每件32.4元，求每次降价的百分率；(2)经调查，若该商品每降价1元，每天可多销售8件．若每天要想获得504元的利润且尽快减少库存，每件应降价多少元？24 .如图，Rt ABC △，90C ∠=°，10cm AC =，8cm BC =．点P 从点C 出发，以2cm /s 的速度沿CA 向点A 匀速运动，同时点Q 从点B 出发，以1cm /s 的速度沿BC 向点C 匀速运动，设点P 、Q 运动时间为t ，当一个点到达终点时，另一个点随之停止．(1)求经过几秒后，PCQ △的面积等于216cm(2)经过几秒，PCQ △与ABC 相似？(3)①是否存在t ，使得PCQ △的面积等于220cm 若存在，请求出t 的值，若不存在，请说明理由； ②设四边形APQB 的面积为S ，请直接写出．．．．S 的最大值或最小值．25.如图，一次函数y ＝﹣x +3的图象与反比例函数y ＝（k ≠0）在第一象限的图象交于A （1，a ）和B ，与x 轴交于C ．（1）求反比例函数的解析式；（2）若点P 在x 轴上，且△APC 的面积为5，求点P 的坐标；（3）若点P 在y 轴上，是否存在点P ，使△ABP 是以AB 为一直角边的直角三角形？若存在，求出所有符合条件的P 点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．26．（1）问题：如图1，在四边形ABCD中，点P为AB上一点，∠DPC=∠A=∠B=90°．求证：AD·BC=AP·BP．（2）探究：如图2，在四边形ABCD中，点P为AB上一点，当∠DPC=∠A=∠B=θ时，上述结论是否依然成立？说明理由．（3）应用：请利用（1）（2）获得的经验解决问题：如图3，在△ABD中，AB=6AD=BD=5．点P以每秒1个单位长度的速度，由点A 出发，沿边AB向点B运动，且满足∠DPC=∠A．设点P的运动时间为t（秒），当DC的长与△ABD底边上的高相等时，求t的值．2023-2024学年度第一学期山东省济南市九年级数学期中复习试卷（解答卷）（第2章一元二次方程～第六章反比例函数）一、选择题（本大题共有10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）1．一元二次方程x （x ＋2）＝0的解为（）A ．x ＝0B ．x ＝﹣2C ．x 1＝0，x 2＝2D ．x 1＝0，x 2＝﹣2【答案】D2．一个几何体如图水平放置，它的主视图是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】B3．若ABC DEF △△∽，其相似比为2:3，则ABC 与DEF △的面积比为（）A ．2:3B ．3:2C ．4:9D ．16:81【答案】C4．已知反比例函数的图象经过点（1，2），则它的图象也一定经过（）A ．（1，﹣2）B ．（﹣1，2）C ．（﹣2，1）D ．（﹣1，﹣2）【答案】D5.甲、乙两人用“分歧终端机”玩“石头、剪刀、布”：两人先把手伸进不透明的圆筒中出手势，然后同时打开圆筒判断胜、负、平，从而使游戏公平进行．两人玩一次“石头、剪刀、布”，求甲获胜的概率（）A ．12B ．13C ．14D ．16【答案】B6．如图，为估算某河的宽度，在河对岸选定一个目标点A ，在近岸取B ，C ，D 三点，使得AB BC ⊥，CD BC ⊥，点E 在BC 上，并且点A ，E ，D 在同一条直线上，若测得30m BE ＝，10m CE ＝，20m CD ＝，则河的宽度为（）A ．20mB ．30mC ．40mD ．60m【答案】D7．函数y ax a =+与(0)a y a x =≠在同一坐标系中的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．【答案】A8.如图，小明在A时测得某树的影长为8m，B时又测得该树的影长为2m，若两次日照的光线互相垂直，则树的高度为（）A．2m B．4m C．6m D．8m【答案】B9.如图，丁轩同学在晚上由路灯AC走向路灯BD，当他走到点P时，发现身后他影子的顶部刚好接触到路灯AC的底部，当他向前再步行20 m到达Q点时，发现身前他影子的顶部刚好接触到路灯BD的底部，已知丁轩同学的身高是1.5 m，两个路灯的高度都是9 m，则两路灯之间的距离是（）A．24 m B．25 m C．28 m D．30 m 【答案】D10.如图，在正方形ABCD中，E是BC的中点，F是CD上一点，且CF＝14CD，下列结论：①∠BAE＝30°；②△ABE∽△AEF；③AE⊥EF；④△ADF∽△ECF，其中正确的个数为（）A．①②B．②③C．①②③D．②③④【答案】B二、填空题（本大题共有6个小题，每小题4分，共24分）11．若23ab=，则a bb+=．【答案】5 312.桌面上倒扣着形状大小相同，背面图案相同的下面五张卡片，从中任意选取一张卡片，恰好是带有光盘行动字样卡片的概率是．【答案】2 5【答案】-314．如图，已知路灯离地面的高度AB 为4.8m ，身高为1.6m 的小明站在D 处的影长为2m ，那么此时小明离电杆AB 的距离BD 为 m ．【答案】415 .如图，某小区计划在一块长为32m ，宽为20m 的矩形空地上修建三条同样宽的道路，剩余的空地上种植草坪，使草坪的面积为2570m ，则道路宽x 为 m ．【答案】116.如图，正方形ABCD 的边长为5，点A 的坐标为(4,0)，点B 在y 轴上，若反比例函数(0)k y k x=≠的图象过点C ，则k 的值为．三、解答题（本大题共有10个小题，共86分）17，用适当的方法解方程：（1）x 2+6x +4＝0；（2）x （x ﹣2）+x ﹣2＝0．解：（1）x 2+6x +4＝0， ∵a =1，b =6，c =4，∴x =∴13x =−23x =−；（2）x （x ﹣2）+x ﹣2＝0，化简得：x 2﹣x ﹣2＝0，因式分解得：（x ﹣2）（x +1）＝0 解得：12x =，21x =−．18.小明和小亮用下面两个可以自由转动的转盘做游戏，每个转盘被分成面积相等的几个扇形．转动两个转盘各一次，若两次数字之积大于2，则小明胜，否则小亮胜．这个游戏对双方公平吗？请说明理由．解：这个游戏对双方是公平的．列表得：∴一共有6种情况，积大于2的有3种，∴P(积大于2)＝31=62， ∴这个游戏对双方是公平的．19.如图，在边长为4的正方形ABCD 中，P 是BC 上的点，且BP ＝3PC ，Q 是CD 的中点，求证：△ADQ ∽△QCP ．证明：∵四边形ABCD 是正方形∴90D C ∠=∠=°，4AD CD BC === ∵3BP PC = ∴114PC BC == ∵Q 是CD 的中点 ∴122DQ CQ CD ===∵4221AD CQ ==，21DQ PC = ∴AD DQ CQ PC = ∵90D C ∠=∠=° ∴ADQ QCP ∽．20.已知如图，AB 和DE 是直立在地面上的两根立柱，5m AB =，某一时刻AB 在太阳光下的投影3m BC =．(1)请你在图中画出此时DE 在阳光下的投影．(2)在测量AB 的投影时，同时测量出DE 在阳光下的投影长为6m ，计算DE 的长．解：（1）DE 在阳光下的投影是EF 如图所示；（2）在测量AB 的投影时，同时测量出DE 在阳光下的投影长为6m ，,AB DE AC DF ∥∥ABC DEF ∴ ∽，5m AB = ，3m BC =，6m EF =， ∴AB DE BC EF=， ∴536DE =， ()10m DE ∴=，答：DE 的长为10m ．21．已知：如图，△ABC 是等边三角形，点D 、E 分别在边BC 、AC 上，∠ADE =60°．（1）求证：△ABD ∽△DCE ；（2）如果AB =3，EC =23，求DC 的长．解：（1）证明：∵△ABC 是等边三角形，∴∠B =∠C =60°，AB =AC ，∵∠B +∠BAD =∠ADE +∠CDE ，∠B =∠ADE =60°，∴∠BAD =∠CDE∴△ABD ∽△DCE ；（2）解：由（1）证得△ABD ∽△DCE ， ∴BD CE =，设CD=x，则BD=3﹣x，∴33x−=23x∴x=1或x=2，∴DC=1或DC=2．22．为庆祝中国共产党建党100周年，某校组织全校学生进行了党史知识竞赛，参赛学生均获奖．为了解本次竞赛获奖的分布情况，从中随机抽取了部分学生的获奖结果进行统计分析，获奖结果分为四个等级：A级为特等奖，B级为一等奖，C级为二等奖，D级为三等奖，将统计结果绘制成了如图所示的两幅不完整的统计图，根据统计图中的信息解答下列问题：（1）本次被抽取的部分人数是名；（2）把条形统计图补充完整；（3）某班有4名获特等奖的学生小利、小芳、小明、小亮，班主任要从中随机选择两名同学进行经验分享，利用列表法或画树状图，求小利被选中的概率．解：（1）本次被抽取的人数是2440%60÷=（名）．故填：60；（2）条形图中，D级人数为：−−−=（名），603182415补全条形统计图为：、、、，画树状图如图：（3）把小利、小芳、小明、小亮分别记为A B C D共有12个等可能的结果，小利被选中的结果有6个，．∴小利被选中的概率为：61=12223.某商场一种商品的进价为每件30元，售价为每件40元．每天可销售48件，为尽快减少库存，商场决定降价促销．(2)经调查，若该商品每降价1元，每天可多销售8件．若每天要想获得504元的利润且尽快减少库存，每件应降价多少元？解：（1）设每次降价的百分率为x ，依题意得：()240132.4x −=．解方程得：10.110%x ==，2 1.9x =（不合题意舍去）．答：每次降价的百分率为10%；（2）设每件应降价y 元，依题意得：()()4030488504y y −−+=理得2430y y −+=．解方程得：11y =，23y =．要尽快减少库存，所以取3y =．答：每天要想获得504元的利润且尽快减少库存，每件应降价3元．24 .如图，Rt ABC △，90C ∠=°，10cm AC =，8cm BC =．点P 从点C 出发，以2cm /s 的速度沿CA 向点A 匀速运动，同时点Q 从点B 出发，以1cm /s 的速度沿BC 向点C 匀速运动，设点P 、Q 运动时间为t ，当一个点到达终点时，另一个点随之停止．(1)求经过几秒后，PCQ △的面积等于216cm ？(2)经过几秒，PCQ △与ABC 相似？(3)①是否存在t ，使得PCQ △的面积等于220cm 若存在，请求出t 的值，若不存在，请说明理由； ②设四边形APQB 的面积为S ，请直接写出．．．．S 的最大值或最小值．解：（1）由题意知，2cm PC t =，cm BQ t =，∵10cm AC =，8cm BC =，∴()8cm CQ t =−，05t <≤，∵PCQ △的面积等于216cm ， ∴1162PC CQ = ∴()128162t t ×−= ，即()240t −= ∴124t t == 即经过4秒后，PCQ △的面积等于216cm（2）∵90ACB PCQ °∠=∠=， ∴①当PCQ ACB ∽时，PC CQ AC BC∴28108t t −=，解得：40t =；②当PCQ BCA ∽时，PC CQ BC AC∴28810t t −=，解得：167t =；由①②可得：当经过4013秒或167秒PCQ △与ABC 相似（3）①不存在，理由:假设存在t ，使得PCQ △的面积等于220cm ， ∴1202PC CQ = ∴()128202t t ×−= ， ∴28200t t −+=，而644120160∆=−××=−<，∴此方程无实数根，∴不存在t ，使得PCQ △的面积等于220cm②设四边形APQB 的面积为S∴ABC PCA S S S −△△1122BC AC PC CQ − ()118102822t t =××−− 2840t t =−+()2424t =−+25.如图，一次函数y＝﹣x+3的图象与反比例函数y＝（k≠0）在第一象限的图象交于A（1，a）和B，与x轴交于C．（1）求反比例函数的解析式；（2）若点P在x轴上，且△APC的面积为5，求点P的坐标；（3）若点P在y轴上，是否存在点P，使△ABP是以AB为一直角边的直角三角形？若存在，求出所有符合条件的P点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．解：（1）把点A（1，a）代入y＝﹣x+3，得a＝2，∴A（1，2），把A（1，2）代入反比例函数，∴k＝1×2＝2；∴反比例函数的表达式为；（2）∵一次函数y＝﹣x+3的图象与x轴交于点C，∴C（3，0），设P（x，0），∴PC＝|3﹣x|，∴S△APC＝|3﹣x|×2＝5，∴x＝﹣2或x＝8，∴P的坐标为（﹣2，0）或（8，0）；（3）存在，理由如下：联立，解得：或，∴B点坐标为（2，1），∵点P在y轴上，∴设P（0，m），∴AB＝＝，AP＝，PB＝，若BP为斜边，∴BP2＝AB2+AP2 ，即＝2+，解得：m＝1，∴P（0，1）；若AP为斜边，∴AP2＝PB2+AB2 ，即＝+2，解得：m＝﹣1，∴P（0，﹣1）；综上所述：P（0，1）或P（0，﹣1）．26．（1）问题：如图1，在四边形ABCD中，点P为AB上一点，∠DPC=∠A=∠B=90°．求证：AD·BC=AP·BP．（2）探究：如图2，在四边形ABCD中，点P为AB上一点，当∠DPC=∠A=∠B=θ时，上述结论是否依然成立？说明理由．（3）应用：请利用（1）（2）获得的经验解决问题：如图3，在△ABD中，AB=6，AD=BD=5．点P以每秒1个单位长度的速度，由点A 出发，沿边AB向点B运动，且满足∠DPC=∠A．设点P的运动时间为t（秒），当DC的长与△ABD底边上的高相等时，求t的值．解：（1）证明：如图1∵∠DPC=∠A=∠B=90°，∴∠ADP+∠APD=90°，∠BPC+∠APD=90°，∴∠ADP =∠BPC∴△ADP∽△BPC．∴即AD·BC=AP·BP．（2）结论AD·BC=AP·BP 仍成立．理由：如图2，∵∠BPD=∠DPC+∠BPC．又∵∠BPD=∠A+∠ADP．∴∠DPC+∠BPC =∠A+∠ADP．∵∠DPC =∠A=θ．∴∠BPC =∠ADP又∵∠A=∠B=θ．∴△ADP∽△BPC．∴∴AD·BC=AP·BP．（3）如图3，过点D作DE⊥AB于点E．∵AD=BD=5，AB=6．∴DC=DE=4．∴BC=5-4=1，又∵AD=BD，∴∠A=∠B．由已知，∠DPC =∠A，∴∠DPC =∠A=∠B．由（1）（2）可得：AD·BC=AP·BP．又AP=t，BP=6-t，∴t（6-t）=5×1．解得t1=1，t2=5．∴t的值为1秒或5秒．。

牛津版英语小学四年级上学期期中试题与参考答案(2024年)

2024年牛津版英语小学四年级上学期期中复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Listen to the dialogue between two friends and answer the question below.A. What is the weather like today?B. How are you feeling today?C. What are you planning to do this weekend?Answer: AExplanation: The first speaker mentions the weather, so the correct answer is A.2、Listen to the short story and answer the question below.What is the main character doing in the story?A. Reading a bookB. Painting a pictureC. Cooking dinnerAnswer: BExplanation: The main character in the story is described as painting a picture, so the correct answer is B.3.Listen to the dialogue and answer the question.A. What is the weather like today?B. How is the weather today?C. What will the weather be like tomorrow?Answer: BExplanation: The question asks about the current weather, which is the focus of the dialogue. The correct response is “How is the weather today?” as it directly addresses the present condition.4.Listen to the story and choose the correct ending.A. The cat found a new home.B. The cat found a fish in the pond.C. The cat found a new friend.Answer: CExplanation: The story about the cat involves the cat encountering different animals and events. The ending that fits best with the progression of the story is that the cat found a new friend, as this option aligns with the theme of companionship and friendship in the narrative.5.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What is the weather like today?B. How is the weather today?C. What’s the temperature today?D. What’s the weather forecast for tomorrow?Answer: B. How is the weather today?Explanation: The question asks about the current weather condition, and the correct response to inquire about the weather today would be “How is the weather today?” The other options are either less appropriate or not directly asking about the current weather.6.Listen to the short passage and answer the question.Question: What animal is the speaker describing?A. A catB. A dogC. A birdD. A fishAnswer: C. A birdExplanation: The passage mentions the color of the feathers, the way it sings, and the type of nest it builds, which are all characteristics of a bird. The other options (cat, dog, fish) do not fit the description provided in the passage.7、Listen to the conversation between a teacher and a student and answer the question.Teacher: Good morning, John. How are you feeling today?Student: Good morning, Miss Smith. I’m feeling fine, thank you. How about you? Teacher: I’m feeling we ll, too. But I have a question for you. Last week you told me you were going to the zoo. Did you go?Student: Yes, I did. It was fantastic!Question: What did John do last week?A) He went to the beach.B) He visited the zoo.C) He went to the park.D) He studied at home.Answer: B) He visited the zoo.解析：在对话中，学生John提到他上周去了动物园，所以答案是B。

北京版英语小学三年级上学期期中试题与参考答案(2024年)

2024年北京版英语小学三年级上学期期中复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What’s the weather like today?B. How is your mother?C. What are you doing this weekend?Answer: AExplanation: The dialogue is likely about the weather, as the question “What’s the weather like today?” is a common way to inquire about current weather conditions.2、Listen to the following question and choose the correct response.Question: “What’s your favorite color?”A. It’s red.B. My brother likes blue.C. I don’t know.Answer: AExplanation: The correct response should directly answer the question about the speaker’s favorite color. Option A provides a clear and direct answer, whileB andC do not directly answer the question.3、What is the boy doing?•A) Playing soccer•B) Reading a book•C) Drawing a picture•D) Listening to musicAnswer: B) Reading a bookExplanation: In the recording, the speaker mentions that the boy is sitting quietly with a book open in front of him, indicating he is engaged in reading.4、Where is the girl going?•A) To the park•B) To the library•C) To the store•D) To schoolAnswer: A) To the parkExplanation: The dialogue in the audio clip reveals that the girl is wearing her sports shoes and carrying a frisbee, suggesting she is heading to a place where she can play, which is most likely the park.5、Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What’s your name?B. How old are you?C. Where do you live?D. What’s your favorite color?Answer: BExplanation: The question is asking about the age, and the dialogue should contain a question related to age, like “How old are you?”6、Listen to the short passage and complete the sentence with the missing word.The cat likes to sleep on the _.A. sofaB. bedC. floorD. tableAnswer: AExplanation: The passage is about a cat’s favorite place to sleep. The most likely answer is “sofa” as it is a common place for cats to rest.7、Listen to the dialogue and answer the question.A: Good morning, how are you today?B: Good morning, I’m fine, thank you. And you?A: I’m also fine, thanks. Do you usually have breakfast at home or at school? B: Usually, I have breakfast at home. But on weekdays, I have to go to school early, so I have breakfast at school.Question: Where does B usually have breakfast?Answer: At home.Explanation: The question asks about where B usually has breakfast. B says“Usually, I have breakfast at home,” so the correct answer is “At home.”8、Listen to the short passage and complete the sentence.A: What do you like to do during your free time?B: Well, I like to play basketball with my friends. But on weekends, I also enjoy reading books.Question: What does B enjoy doing on weekends?Answer: Reading books.Explanation: The question asks about what B enjoys doing on weekends. In the passage, B mentions “But on weekends, I also enjoy reading books,” so the correct answer is “Reading books.”9、What color is the cat?•A) Black•B) White•C) BrownAnswer: C) BrownExplanation: The speaker in the audio mentions that the cat is brown. Students need to listen for the specific color word used by the speaker and match it with the options provided.10、Where does the boy go after school?•A) Library•B) Playground•C) HomeAnswer: B) PlaygroundExplanation: In the audio, the boy talks about going to the playground after his classes end. The students must pay attention to the location mentioned and select the corresponding choice from the given options.11.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What is the weather like today?B. How is the weather today?C. What is the weather report?Answer: BExplanation: The question is asking about the weather today, and the correct question in Engli sh to ask about the weather is “How is the weather today?”12.Listen to the following instructions and fill in the blanks.Teacher: “Please put on your coats, and then line up in two rows. We are going to the library.”Student: “______”Answer: “Sure, I’ll put on my coat and line up.”Explanation: The student is responding to the teacher’s instructions. The correct response is to acknowledge the instructions and follow them, as shown in the answer.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、A. What’s your name?B. How old are you?C. How are you today?Answer: BExplanation: The question “How old are you?” is asking about the age of the person being spoken to, which is a common question in daily English conversations. The other options are also questions, but they are not directly related to the topic of age.2、A. I have a cat.B. She has two dogs.C. There are three birds in the tree.Answer: CExplanation: The question is asking about the number of birds in a specific location. The correct answer is “There are three birds in the tree,” which provides a clear and direct answer to the question. The other options mention animals, but they do not specify the number of animals in a given location.3、What is the capital city of China?A. ShanghaiB. BeijingC. GuangzhouD. ShenzhenAnswer: B. BeijingExplanation: Beijing is the capital city of China, making option B the correct answer. Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen are all major cities but not thecapital.4、Which of the following animals is a herbivore?A. LionB. ElephantC. SharkD. TurkeyAnswer: B. ElephantExplanation: Elephants are herbivores, meaning they eat plants. Lions are carnivores, sharks are mostly carnivorous, and turkeys are omnivores, which means they eat both plants and animals. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Elephant.5、What is the capital city of China?A. ShanghaiB. BeijingC. GuangzhouD. ShenzhenAnswer: B. BeijingExplanation: The capital city of China is Beijing. It is the political, cultural, and international center of the country.6、Which of the following is not a season in Beijing?A. SummerB. SpringC. AutumnD. WinterAnswer: A. SummerExplanation: In Beijing, the seasons are Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter. Summer is not one of the seasons listed.7、What is the weather like in Beijing in the summer?A)sunny all the timeB)rainy most of the timeC)very coldD)hot and humidAnswer: D) hot and humidExplanation: Beijing, being located in the northern part of China, experiences a hot and humid summer season, often with high temperatures and high humidity.8、Which of the following is not a famous landmark in Beijing?A)Forbidden CityB)Great WallC)Eiffel TowerD)Summer PalaceAnswer: C) Eiffel TowerExplanation: The Eiffel Tower is a famous landmark located in Paris, France, not in Beijing. The Forbidden City, Great Wall, and Summer Palace are all well-known landmarks in Beijing.9.What is the weather like in Beijing today?A. sunnyB. cloudyC. rainyD. snowyAnswer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “B. cloudy” because typically, Beijing has a cloudy weather during spring.10.How many seasons are there in China?A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 3Answer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “A. 4” because China has four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter.11.What is the capital city of China?A. ShanghaiB. BeijingC. GuangzhouD. ShenzhenAnswer: BExplanation: Beijing is the capital city of China, making option B the correct answer. Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen are all major cities in China, but they are not the capital.12.Which of the following is a primary color?A. BlueB. YellowC. GreenD. BrownAnswer: BExplanation: Yellow is one of the primary colors, along with red and blue. Green and brown are secondary colors or shades formed by combining primary colors. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.三、完型填空（10分）Beijing Primary School Grade 3, First Semester Midterm ExamPart III: Cloze TestRead the passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below.My favorite season is spring. The weather is warm, and the flowers are in full bloom. Every morning, I like to go for a walk in the park with my family. One day, we saw a lot of birds flying around.1.We were surprised to see so many birds because it was not the usual __________.A. seasonB. weatherC. morningD. family2.My sister said, “Look, there are__________swallows in the sky!”A. someB. anyC. manyD. few3.My father took out his__________and started taking pictures of the birds.A. cameraB. bookC. phoneD. bag4.The birds were __________, and it was a beautiful sight.A. flyingB. singingC. jumpingD. running5.After the walk, we felt happy and __________.A. tiredB. hungryC. excitedD. sadAnswers:1.A2.C3.A4.A5.C四、阅读理解（26分）Title: Beijing Primary School Grade 3 English Mid-term Exam Reading Comprehension Passage:Last weekend, Little Tom and his family went to the Great Wall of China. It was a sunny day, and the sky was clear blue. The Great Wall is one of the most famous landmarks in the world, and it is also a symbol of Chinese history.When they arrived at the Great Wall, they were amazed by its grandeur and beauty. They began their journey from the Mutianyu section, which is known for its steep stairs and beautiful scenery. Little Tom’s parents held his hand tightly as they climbed the stairs together. They stopped at different watchtowers along the way, where they could see the vast expanse of the wall stretching into the distance.Little Tom was very excited. He asked his parents many questions about thewall. “Why is the Great Wall so high?” he asked. His father explained that the wall was built to protect the country from invasions. “And why is it so long?” Little Tom asked again. His mother told him that the wall stretc hes over 13,000 miles.As they continued their climb, they met other tourists from different countries. They all shared stories and took pictures together. Little Tom even made a new friend from Japan, who spoke Japanese and English.By the time they reached the top, Little Tom was tired but happy. He had learned so much about the Great Wall and made new friends along the way.Questions:1.What was the weather like on the day Little Tom and his family visited the Great Wall?A) RainyB) SunnyC) CloudyD) Windy2.Why did Little Tom’s parents hold his hand tightly as they climbed the stairs?A) They were scared of the steepnessB) They wanted to protect him from fallingC) They wanted to take a restD) They were tired3.What did Little Tom learn about the Great Wall from his parents?A) It is only 5,000 miles longB) It was built to protect the country from invasionsC) It is located in JapanD) It was built by Little Tom’s ancestorsAnswers:1.B) Sunny2.B) They wanted to protect him from falling3.B) It was built to protect the country from invasions五、写作题（16分）Topic: Describe a special day you had with your family. Include what you did, where you went, and why it was special to you.Example:Last weekend, my family had a wonderful day out at the Great Wall of China. We started our day early in the morning, packed some snacks, and took a bus to the Mutianyu section of the wall. The air was fresh, and the scenery was breathtaking.We spent the morning climbing the steep stairs, taking breaks to rest and take in the panoramic views. My dad, who is a history buff, shared fascinating stories about the wall’s construction and its significance over the centuries. My mom, on the other hand, was more interested in the flora and fauna we encountered on the way up.At lunchtime, we sat on a grassy slope and enjoyed a picnic with homemadesandwiches and fresh fruit. The kids played hide and seek, while we adults talked and laughed. After lunch, we continued our climb, and by the time we reached the top, we were all exhausted but exhilarated.The most special part of the day was when we saw a group of Chinese students performing traditional dances. It was heartwarming to see the younger generation preserving their cultural heritage. As the sun began to set, we made our way back to the bus, our hearts filled with gratitude for such a memorable day.Explanation:This example follows the prompt by describing a special day with family. It includes:•What you did: The family visited the Great Wall, climbed it, took breaks, had a picnic, and watched a traditional dance performance.•Where you went: The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall of China.•Why it was special: The day was special because of the family bonding, the historical significance of the Great Wall, the cultural experience, and the memorable moments shared together.The example uses vivid language to create a picture of the day, and it also shows the writer’s emotions and the impact of the day on their family.。

外研版英语初二上学期期中试题与参考答案(2024年)

2024年外研版英语初二上学期期中复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Listen to the conversation and then choose the best answer to the question you hear. > [Audio plays: Man: The movie starts at 7 PM. Woman: We have an hour to get there.] Q: What time is it now?A. 6 PM.B. 7 PM.C. 8 PM.D. 9 PM.Answer: A. 6 PM.Explanation: The man states that the movie starts at 7 PM, and the woman mentions they have an hour to get there, indicating that the current time is 6 PM.2、Listen to the conversation and then choose the best answer to the question you hear.> [Audio plays: Woman: I need to return these books to the library. Man: Better hurry up; it closes at 5.]Q: What does the man mean?A. The woman should go to the library tomorrow.B. The woman has plenty of time to return the books.C. The woman should hurry because the library will close soon.D. The woman doesn’t need to worry about returning the books.Answer: C. The woman should hurry because the library will close soon. Explanation: The man’s statement “Better hurry up; it closes at 5” implies that the woman needs to be quick if she wants to return the books before the library closes.3、You are listening to a conversation between two students, Alice and Bob, discussing their weekend plans.Question: What is Bob’s plan for this weekend?A. He will go to the beach with his friends.B. He will stay at home and study.C. He will visit his grandparents in the countryside.Answer: C. He will visit his grandparents in the countryside.Explanation: In the conversation, Bob mentions that he plans to visit his grandparents this weekend, which indicates that his plan is option C.4、You are listening to a news report about a new health initiative in the city.Question: What is the main goal of this health initiative?A. To reduce pollution in the city.B. To promote healthy eating habits among citizens.C. To increase the number of parks in the city.Answer: B. To promote healthy eating habits among citizens.Explanation: The news report emphasizes that the initiative aims to encourage citizens to adopt healthier eating habits by providing more information on nutrition and offering discounts on fresh produce. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.5.You are listening to a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans.A. What are they planning to do this weekend?B. Who is the girl planning to go hiking with?C. What is the boy’s favorite sport?Answer: A. What are they planning to do this weekend?Explanation: The conversation indicates that the two students are discussing their weekend plans, so the question is asking about their activities for the weekend.6.You are listening to a short dialogue at a bookstore. A customer is asking for help finding a book.A. What does the customer need help with?B. Why does the customer need a book?C. What type of book is the customer looking for?Answer: B. Why does the customer need a book?Explanation: The dialogue reveals that the customer is asking for help because they need a book for a school project. The question is specificallyasking for the reason the customer needs the book.7、What does Sarah plan to do this weekend?A. Go hiking with her friends.B. Visit her grandparents.C. Study for an upcoming test.Answer: B. Visit her grandparents.Explanation: In the dialogue, Sarah mentions that she has made plans to visit her grandparents because it’s her grandma’s birthday. Therefore, the correct answer is B.8、How does Tom feel about the math homework?A. He finds it challenging but manageable.B. He thinks it’s too easy.C. He believes it’s impossible to finish on time.Answer: A. He finds it challenging but manageable.Explanation: During the exchange, Tom expresses that while the homework is difficult, he feels confident he can complete it with some effort. Thus, the most appropriate choice is A.9.Listen to the conversation between two students, Tom and Lily, talking about their weekend plans. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence.Tom: “Hey Lily, what are you planning to do this weekend?”Lily: “I think I’ll go to the beach. How about you, Tom?”Tom: “That sounds great! I was thinking of going hiking in the mountains.”What is Tom’s plan for the weekend?A)To go to the beach.B)To go hiking in the mountains.C)To stay at home and watch movies.D)To visit a friend.Answer: B) To go hiking in the mountains.Explanation: In the conversation, Tom mentions that he is thinking of going hiking in the mountains, which indicates that his plan for the weekend is to go hiking.10.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student, discussinga school project. Fill in the blanks with the correct word or phrase.Teacher: “Alice, how’s your progress on the science project?”Alice: “It’s going pretty well, Mr.Smith. We’ve already completed the research part, but we need to work on the experiment.”Teacher: “That’s goo d to hear. Remember to keep track of your data. Also, make sure to submit the report on time.”What word does the teacher mention twice in the dialogue?A)ResearchB)ExperimentC)DataD)ReportAnswer: C) DataExplanation: The teacher mentions “data” twice in the d ialogue, once when reminding Alice to keep track of it and again in suggesting to submit the report on time.11.You are listening to a conversation between two friends, Tom and Lily.Tom: Hey Lily, have you heard about the new English club at our school? Lily: Yeah, I have. It sounds really interesting. What are they going to do in the club?Tom: They are planning to have various activities, like reading English books, watching English movies, and practicing speaking English. Plus, there will be a trip to an English-speaking country at the end of the semester.Lily: Wow, that sounds amazing! I can’t wait to join it.Question: What are the main activities in the new English club?A. Reading English books and watching English movies.B. Practicing speaking English and going on a trip.C. Having a trip to an English-speaking country.D. Both A and B.Answer: DExplanation: According to the conversation, the main activities in the new English club include reading English books, watching English movies, practicing speaking English, and going on a trip to an English-speaking country. Therefore, the correct answer is D.12.You are listening to a dialogue between a teacher and a student, Alex.Teacher: Alex, how was your weekend?Alex: It was great, thank you. I went to the zoo with my family.Teacher: Oh, that sounds fun! What did you see there?Alex: We saw many animals, like pandas, tigers, and elephants. My favorite was the panda. It was so cute and fluffy.Teacher: I’m glad you enjoyed it. Did you learn anything n ew?Alex: Yes, I learned that pandas are native to China and they are an endangered species.Question: What did Alex learn about pandas?A. They are native to China.B. They are an endangered species.C. Both A and B.D. None of the above.Answer: CExplanation: According to the dialogue, Alex learned that pandas are native to China and they are an endangered species. Therefore, the correct answer is C.13、What time does the girl usually get up on weekends?A)6:00 amB)7:00 amC)8:00 amD)9:00 amAnswer: C) 8:00 amExplanation: In the listening material, the girl mentions that she likesto sleep in a bit later on the weekend, and she typically wakes up around 8:00 in the morning. This detail can be picked up by paying close attention to her conversation about her weekend routine.14、Where are the speakers planning to go after school?A)To the libraryB)To the parkC)To the cinemaD)To the mallAnswer: B) To the parkExplanation: The dialogue between the two speakers reveals their plan to spend some time outside after school, and one of them suggests going to the park. They agree on this idea, mentioning they will meet at the entrance of the park right after classes end. Careful listening to the details of their discussion is key to identifying the correct answer.15.听力材料：W: Hi, Mike, how was your weekend?M: It was great, thanks. I went hiking with my friends.Question: What did Mike do last weekend?A) He went to the movies.B) He went hiking.C) He went shopping.D) He went swimming.Answer: BExplanation: The key to this question is the phrase “I went hiking with myfriends.” This directly tells us that Mike went hiking last weekend.16.听力材料：W: I can’t believe it’s already the mi ddle of the semester. Time flies!M: Yeah, it really does. Have you started preparing for the mid-term exams?W: Not yet, I’m still catching up with my assignments. I’m worried I won’t have enough time.Question: What is the woman worried about?A) She is worried about time flying.B) She is worried about not having enough time to prepare for the exams.C) She is worried about her assignments.D) She is worried about her friends.Answer: BExplanation: The woman says, “I’m worried I won’t have enough time,”which directly answers the question. The other options are mentioned in the conversation but are not the main concern of the woman.17.You hear a conversation between two students, Alex and Jamie, discussing their weekend plans.Student A: So, what are your plans for this weekend, Jamie?Student B: Well, I’m planning to visit my grandparents in the countryside. How about you, Alex?Student A: That sounds nice. I’m thinking of going to the city library to study for my exams. Do you think it’s a good idea?Student B: I think so. It’s always good to have a quiet place to study.Question: What is Alex’s plan for the weekend?A) To visit grandparentsB) To study at the libraryC) To go to the countrysideD) To go to the cityAnswer: B) To study at the libraryExplanation: The answer can be found in the second part of the conversation where Alex mentions, “I’m thinking of going to the city library to study for my exams.”18.You hear a short monologue about the importance of exercise.Speaker: Exercise is not only good for our physical health but also for our mental well-being. Regular physical activity can reduce stress, improve our mood, and increase our energy levels. It’s never too late to start exercising. Even a small amount of exercise, such as a 30-minute walk every day, can make a big difference in your life.Question: According to the speaker, what is one of the benefits of regular exercise?A) It increases stress levelsB) It improves mental healthC) It decreases energy levelsD) It is unnecessary for mental well-beingAnswer: B) It improves mental healthExplanation: The speaker explicitly states, “Regular physical activity can reduce stress, improve our mood, and increase our energy levels,” which supports the answer.19、What does the woman suggest the man do?•A) Buy a new car.•B) Repair the old car.•C) Sell the old car.•D) Rent a car.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman mentions that the repair cost isn’t too high and the car still has some good years left in i t, suggesting that repairing the car is the most economical choice.20、Where are the speakers going?•A) To a museum.•B) To a park.•C) To a concert.•D) To a restaurant.Answer: AExplanation: The dialogue reveals that one speaker is interested in the history exhibit mentioned, which indicates they are planning to visit a place with historical displays, such as a museum.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: My Pet DogOne fine morning, I found a small, fluffy dog wandering around our neighborhood. I immediately knew that he had been separated from his family. The dog was so adorable that I couldn’t resist taking him home. I named him Max.Max was a Golden Retriever. He had a shiny coat of golden yellow, bright, big eyes, and a wagging tail. He loved to play with me in the park and would always come running when I called his name. I realized that he had a very strong sense of direction because he could find his way home every time we went out.One day, I was playing with Max in the park when I noticed that he was looking at something intently. I followed his gaze and saw a small, round object lying on the ground. I picked it up and realized it was a lost phone. I called the number on the phone and it was answered by a woman’s voice. She was looking for her phone and was so grateful that I had found it. She came to the park to thank me and gave Max a big hug.Max had become an important part of my life. He brought me joy and companionship every day. I realized that he was not just a pet, but a loyal friend.Questions:1.How did the writer come across the dog?A. He found the dog in the park.B. The dog was brought to him by his neighbor.C. The dog was left at his doorstep.D. He saw the dog while walking in the neighborhood.2.What breed was the dog?A. German ShepherdB. Golden RetrieverC. Labrador RetrieverD. Poodle3.Why was the woman grateful to the writer?A. She had lost her phone and the writer found it.B. She had found her dog and the writer helped her.C. She had lost her wallet and the writer returned it.D. She had found a job and the writer referred her.Answers:1.A2.B3.A三、完型填空（15分）Part III: Cloze Test (10 points, 2 points for each)Read the passage and choose the best answer to complete the sentences.It was a cold winter morning. As I walked through the park, I saw a littledog sitting alone on a bench. It looked so (1)_______that I couldn’t just walk away. I went closer and saw it was shivering from the cold. I decided to take it home with me, at least until I could find its (2) _______. When we got home, I gave it some warm milk and a cozy blanket. The dog seemed (3)_______and soon fell asleep. A few hours later, I put up notices around the neighborhood and online, hoping to find the owner. Luckily, by the evening, a family contacted me, saying they had lost their pet. They were so (4)_______to have their furry friend back. The next day, when they came to pick up the dog, there were tears of joy. I felt (5)_______to have helped bring this family back together.(1)A. happy B. sad C. hungry D. lonely(2)A. food B. toy C. owner D. friend(3)A. worried B. comfortable C. scared D. tired(4)A. surprised B. grateful C. angry D. disappointed(5)A. proud B. embarrassed C. confused D. nervousAnswers:1.D. lonely2.C. owner3.B. comfortable4.B. grateful5.A. proud请根据需要调整难度或内容以适应具体的教学大纲要求。

2022-2023学年人教版八年级上期中复习数学试卷含答案解析

八年级上学期期中复习一．选择题（共12小题）1．下列图形是轴对称的是（）A．B．C．D．2．具备下列条件的△ABC中，不是直角三角形的是（）A．∠A＝∠B＝3∠C B．∠A﹣∠B＝∠CC．∠A+∠B＝∠C D．∠A：∠B：∠C＝1：2：33．如图，△ABC中，AB＝6cm，AC＝8cm，BC的垂直平分线l与AC相交于点D，则△ABD的周长为（）A．10cm B．12cm C．14cm D．16cm4．如果一个n边形的外角和是内角和的一半，那么n的值为（）A．6B．7C．8D．95．如图，下列各组条件中，得不到△ABC≌△BAD的是（）A．BC＝AD，∠BAC＝∠ABD B．AC＝BD，∠BAC＝∠ABDC．BC＝AD，AC＝BD D．BC＝AD，∠ABC＝∠BAD6．如图，AE是△ABC的角平分线，AD⊥BC于点D，若∠BAC＝76°，∠C＝64°，则∠DAE的度数是（）A．10°B．12°C．15°D．18°7．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝8，BC＝6，AB＝10，∠CAB和∠ABC的平分线交于点O，OM ⊥BC于点M，则OM的长为（）A．1B．2C．3D．48．如图，∠ACD是△ABC的外角，∠BAC＝80°，∠ABC和∠ACD的平分线相交于点E，连接AE，则∠CAE的度数是（）A．35°B．40°C．50°D．55°9．如图，已知MB＝ND，∠MBA＝∠NDC，下列条件中不能判定△ABM≌△CDN的是（）A．∠M＝∠N B．AM∥CN C．AB＝CD D．AM＝CN10．等腰三角形的两边长分别为4cm和8cm，则它的周长为（）A．16cm B．17cm C．20cm D．16cm或20cm11．如图，△ABC中，点D是BC边上一点，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥BC，且BD＝FC，BE＝DC，∠AFD ＝155°．则∠EDF的度数是（）A．50°B．55°C．60°D．65°12．如图，在△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，AC＝BC，BE⊥CE于点E，AD⊥CE于点D，若AD＝12，CD＝5，则ED的长度是（）A．8B．7C．6D．5二．填空题（共6小题）13．已知a、b、c是三角形的三边，化简|a﹣b﹣c|+|b+c﹣a|﹣|c﹣a﹣b|＝．14．在△ABC中，AC的垂直平分线交AC于E，交BC于D，△ABC的周长是17cm，AC＝5cm，△ABD的周长是cm．15．如图，△EFG≌△NMH，EH＝2.4，HN＝5.1，则GH的长度是．16．如图，直线a，b被直线c所截，若a∥b，∠1＝110°，∠2＝40°，则∠3＝°．17．如图，点D在△ABC边BC的延长线上，CE平分∠ACD，∠A＝80°，∠B＝40°，则∠ACE的大小是度．18．如图，AB＝AD，∠BAE＝∠DAC，要使△ABC≌△ADE，还需添加一个条件，这个条件可以是．三．解答题（共5小题）19．如图，在△ABC中，∠B＝40°，∠C＝60°，点D，E分别在边BC，AC上，且DE∥AB．若∠CAD ＝40°．求∠ADE的度数．20．如图，已知点B，C，F，E在同一直线上，∠1＝∠2，BF＝CE，AB∥DE．求证：△ABC≌△DEF．21．已知：如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝BC，BD平分∠CBA，DE⊥AB于点E．求证：（1）△DEB≌△DCB；（2）AD+DE＝BE．22．如图，点B，F，C，E在一条直线上，BF＝CE，AB∥ED，AC∥FD．求证：△ABC≌△DEF．23．已知，如图，AB＝AC，BD＝CD，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥AC于点F，求证：DE＝DF．八年级上学期期中复习参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共12小题）1．下列图形是轴对称的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】轴对称图形的定义，如果一个图形沿一条直线折叠，直线两旁的部分能够互相重合，这个图形叫做轴对称图形，这条直线叫做对称轴．【解答】解：A、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不合题意；B、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不合题意；C、是轴对称图形，故本选项符合题意；D、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不合题意；故选：C．【点评】本题考查轴对称图形，解题的关键是理解轴对称图形的定义．2．具备下列条件的△ABC中，不是直角三角形的是（）A．∠A＝∠B＝3∠C B．∠A﹣∠B＝∠CC．∠A+∠B＝∠C D．∠A：∠B：∠C＝1：2：3【分析】根据直角三角形的定义一一判断即可．【解答】解：A、由∠A＝∠B＝3∠C，可得∠A＝∠B＝×180°，△ABC不是直角三角形，本选项符合题意．B、由∠A﹣∠B＝∠C，可知∠A＝90°，△ABC是直角三角形，本选项不符合题意．C、由∠A+∠B＝∠C，可知∠C＝90°，△ABC是直角三角形，本选项不符合题意．D、由∠A：∠B：∠C＝1：2：3，推出∠C＝90°，△ABC是直角三角形，本选项不符合题意．故选：A．【点评】本题考查三角形内角和定理，解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题，属于中考常考题型．3．如图，△ABC中，AB＝6cm，AC＝8cm，BC的垂直平分线l与AC相交于点D，则△ABD的周长为（）A．10cm B．12cm C．14cm D．16cm【分析】根据线段的垂直平分线的性质得到DB＝DC，根据三角形周长公式计算，得到答案．【解答】解：∵BC的垂直平分线l与AC相交于点D，∴DB＝DC，∴△ABD的周长＝AB+AD+DB＝AB+AD+DC＝AB+AC＝14（cm），故选：C．【点评】本题考查的是线段的垂直平分线的性质，掌握线段的垂直平分线上的点到线段的两个端点的距离相等是解题的关键．4．如果一个n边形的外角和是内角和的一半，那么n的值为（）A．6B．7C．8D．9【分析】根据n边形的内角和可以表示成（n﹣2）•180°，外角和为360°，根据题意列方程求解．【解答】解：由题意得（n﹣2）•180°×＝360°，解得n＝6．故选：A．【点评】本题考查了多边形的内角和公式与外角和定理．解题的关键是熟练掌握多边形的内角和公式与外角和定理，多边形的外角和与边数无关，任何多边形的外角和都是360°．5．如图，下列各组条件中，得不到△ABC≌△BAD的是（）A．BC＝AD，∠BAC＝∠ABD B．AC＝BD，∠BAC＝∠ABDC．BC＝AD，AC＝BD D．BC＝AD，∠ABC＝∠BAD【分析】根据全等三角形的判定定理判断即可．【解答】解：A．根据AB＝BA，BC＝AD，∠BAC＝∠ABD不能推出△ABC≌△BAD，故本选项符合题意；B．根据AC＝BD，∠BAC＝∠ABD，AB＝BA能推出△ABC≌△BAD（SAS），故本选项不符合题意；C．根据BC＝AD，AC＝BD，AB＝BA能推出△ABC≌△BAD（SSS），故本选项不符合题意；D．根据BC＝AD，∠ABC＝∠BAD，AB＝BA能推出△ABC≌△BAD（SAS），故本选项不符合题意；故选：A．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定定理，能熟记全等三角形的判定定理的内容是解此题的关键，注意：全等三角形的判定定理有SAS，ASA，AAS，SSS，两直角三角形全等还有HL．6．如图，AE是△ABC的角平分线，AD⊥BC于点D，若∠BAC＝76°，∠C＝64°，则∠DAE的度数是（）A．10°B．12°C．15°D．18°【分析】根据∠DAE＝∠EAC﹣∠CAD，求出∠EAC，∠CAD即可．【解答】解：∵AE平分∠BAC，∴∠CAE＝∠CAB＝×76°＝38°，∵AD⊥BC，∴∠ADC＝90°，∴∠CAD＝90°﹣∠C＝90°﹣64°＝26°，∴∠DAE＝∠EAC﹣∠CAD＝38°﹣26°＝12°，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了三角形内角和定理，角平分线的定义，三角形的高等知识，解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识，属于中考常考题型．7．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝8，BC＝6，AB＝10，∠CAB和∠ABC的平分线交于点O，OM ⊥BC于点M，则OM的长为（）A．1B．2C．3D．4【分析】过O作OD⊥AC于D，OE⊥AB于E，根据角平分线的性质和三角形的面积公式即可得到结论．【解答】解：过O作OD⊥AC于D，OE⊥AB于E，∵AO平分∠CAB，OB平分∠ABC，∴OD＝OE＝OM，∵在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝8，BC＝6，AB＝10，∴S△ABC＝AC•BC＝×AB•OE+AC•OD+BC•OM，∴＝+•OM+，∴OM＝2，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了角平分线的性质；做题时运用了三角形角平分线交点的性质及“面积法”解答实际问题的能力．8．如图，∠ACD是△ABC的外角，∠BAC＝80°，∠ABC和∠ACD的平分线相交于点E，连接AE，则∠CAE的度数是（）A．35°B．40°C．50°D．55°【分析】根据三角形的外角性质解答即可．【解答】解：∵∠BAC＝80°，∴∠ABC+∠BCA＝180°﹣80°＝100°，∴∠BAC的外角＝100°，∵∠ABC和∠ACD的平分线相交于点E，∴AE是∠BAC的外角平分线，∴∠CAE＝50°，故选：C．【点评】此题考查三角形的外角性质，关键是根据三角形外角性质得出∠BAC的外角＝100°解答．9．如图，已知MB＝ND，∠MBA＝∠NDC，下列条件中不能判定△ABM≌△CDN的是（）A．∠M＝∠N B．AM∥CN C．AB＝CD D．AM＝CN【分析】根据三角形全等的判定定理，有AAS、SSS、ASA、SAS四种．逐条验证即可．【解答】解：A、∠M＝∠N，符合ASA，能判定△ABM≌△CDN，故A选项不符合题意；B、AM∥CN，得出∠MAB＝∠NCD，符合AAS，能判定△ABM≌△CDN，故B选项不符合题意．C、AB＝CD，符合SAS，能判定△ABM≌△CDN，故C选项不符合题意；D、根据条件AM＝CN，MB＝ND，∠MBA＝∠NDC，不能判定△ABM≌△CDN，故D选项符合题意；故选：D．【点评】本题重点考查了三角形全等的判定定理，普通两个三角形全等共有四个定理，即AAS、ASA、SAS、SSS，直角三角形可用HL定理，本题是一道较为简单的题目．10．等腰三角形的两边长分别为4cm和8cm，则它的周长为（）A．16cm B．17cm C．20cm D．16cm或20cm【分析】根据等腰三角形的性质，本题要分情况讨论．当腰长为4cm或是腰长为8cm两种情况．【解答】解：等腰三角形的两边长分别为4cm和8cm，当腰长是4cm时，则三角形的三边是4cm，4cm，8cm，4cm+4cm＝8cm不满足三角形的三边关系；当腰长是8cm时，三角形的三边是8cm，8cm，4cm，三角形的周长是20cm．故选：C．【点评】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质和三角形的三边关系；已知没有明确腰和底边的题目一定要想到两种情况，进行分类讨论，还应验证各种情况是否能构成三角形进行解答，这点非常重要，也是解题的关键．11．如图，△ABC中，点D是BC边上一点，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥BC，且BD＝FC，BE＝DC，∠AFD ＝155°．则∠EDF的度数是（）A．50°B．55°C．60°D．65°【分析】证明Rt△FDC≌Rt△DEB（HL），由全等三角形的性质得出∠DFC＝∠EDB＝25°，则可得出答案．【解答】解：∵∠AFD＝155°，∴∠DFC＝25°，∵DF⊥BC，DE⊥AB，∴∠FDC＝∠AED＝90°，在Rt△FDC和Rt△DEB中，，∴Rt△FDC≌Rt△DEB（HL），∴∠DFC＝∠EDB＝25°，∴∠EDF＝180°﹣∠BDE﹣∠FDC＝180°﹣25°﹣90°＝65°．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质，直角三角形的性质，熟练掌握全等三角形的判定与性质是解题的关键．12．如图，在△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，AC＝BC，BE⊥CE于点E，AD⊥CE于点D，若AD＝12，CD＝5，则ED的长度是（）A．8B．7C．6D．5【分析】易证∠CAD＝∠BCE，即可证明△CDA≌△BEC，可得CD＝BE，CE＝AD，根据DE＝AD﹣CD，即可解题．【解答】解：∵∠ACB＝90°，BE⊥CE于点E，AD⊥CE于点D，∴∠ACD+∠BCE＝90°，∠ACD+∠CAD＝90°，∴∠CAD＝∠BCE，在△CDA和△BEC中，，∴△CDA≌△BEC（AAS），∴CD＝BE，CE＝AD，∵DE＝CE﹣CD，∴DE＝AD﹣CD，∵AD＝12，CD＝5，∴DE＝12﹣5＝7．故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查全等三角形的判定和性质，掌握全等三角形的判定方法（SSS、SAS、ASA、AAS 和HL）和性质（全等三角形的对应边、对应角相等）是解题的关键．二．填空题（共6小题）13．已知a、b、c是三角形的三边，化简|a﹣b﹣c|+|b+c﹣a|﹣|c﹣a﹣b|＝3c+b﹣3a．【分析】根据三角形的三边关系“两边之和＞第三边，两边之差＜第三边”，判断式子的符号，再根据绝对值的意义去掉绝对值即可．【解答】解：根据三角形的三边关系，两边之和大于第三边，得a﹣b﹣c＜0，b+c﹣a＞0，c﹣a﹣b＜0．则|a﹣b﹣c|+|b+c﹣a|﹣|c﹣a﹣b|＝b+c﹣a+b+c﹣a+c﹣a﹣b，＝3c+b﹣3a．故答案为：3c+b﹣3a．【点评】考查了三角形的三边关系和绝对值的性质的综合运用．14．在△ABC中，AC的垂直平分线交AC于E，交BC于D，△ABC的周长是17cm，AC＝5cm，△ABD的周长是12cm．【分析】由DE是AC的垂直平分线，根据线段垂直平分线的性质，可得AD＝CD，继而可得△ABD的周长＝AB+BC，又由△ABC的周长是17cm及AC＝5cm，即可求得AB+BC＝12cm，从而可得，△ABD 的周长．【解答】解：∵DE是AC的垂直平分线，∴AD＝CD，∵△ABC的周长是17cm，AC＝5cm，∴AB+BC＝17﹣5＝112（cm），∴△ABD的周长为：AB+BD+AD＝AB+BD+CD＝AB+BC＝12cm．故答案为：12．【点评】此题考查了线段垂直平分线的性质．注意垂直平分线上任意一点，到线段两端点的距离相等．15．如图，△EFG≌△NMH，EH＝2.4，HN＝5.1，则GH的长度是 2.7．【分析】根据全等三角形的性质求出EG，结合图形计算，得到答案．【解答】解：∵△EFG≌△NMH，∴EG＝HN＝5.1，∴GH＝EG﹣EH＝5.1﹣2.4＝2.7，故答案为：2.7．【点评】本题考查的是全等三角形的性质，掌握全等三角形的对应边相等是解题的关键．16．如图，直线a，b被直线c所截，若a∥b，∠1＝110°，∠2＝40°，则∠3＝70°．【分析】先根据平行线的性质求出∠4的度数，故可得出∠4+∠2的度数．由对顶角相等即可得出结论．【解答】解：∵a∥b，∴∠4＝∠1＝110°，∵∠3＝∠4﹣∠2，∴∠3＝110°﹣40°＝70°，故答案为：70．【点评】本题考查的是平行线的性质，三角形的外角的性质，用到的知识点为：两直线平行，同位角相等．17．如图，点D在△ABC边BC的延长线上，CE平分∠ACD，∠A＝80°，∠B＝40°，则∠ACE的大小是60度．【分析】由∠A＝80°，∠B＝40°，根据三角形任意一个外角等于与之不相邻的两内角的和得到∠ACD＝∠B+∠A，然后利用角平分线的定义计算即可．【解答】解：∵∠ACD＝∠B+∠A，而∠A＝80°，∠B＝40°，∴∠ACD＝80°+40°＝120°．∵CE平分∠ACD，∴∠ACE＝60°，故答案为60【点评】本题考查了三角形的外角定理，关键是根据三角形任意一个外角等于与之不相邻的两内角的和．18．如图，AB＝AD，∠BAE＝∠DAC，要使△ABC≌△ADE，还需添加一个条件，这个条件可以是AE＝AC．【分析】求出∠BAC＝∠DAE，根据全等三角形的判定定理SAS推出即可．【解答】解：AE＝AC．理由是：∵∠BAE＝∠DAC，∴∠BAE+∠EAC＝DAC+∠EAC，∴∠BAC＝∠DAE，在△ABC和△ADE中∴△ABC≌△ADE，故答案为：AE＝AC．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定定理的应用，注意：此题是一道开放型的题目，答案不唯一．三．解答题（共5小题）19．如图，在△ABC中，∠B＝40°，∠C＝60°，点D，E分别在边BC，AC上，且DE∥AB．若∠CAD ＝40°．求∠ADE的度数．【分析】利用平行线的性质以及三角形的内角和定理解决问题即可．【解答】解：在△ABC中，∠BAC+∠B+∠C＝180°．∵∠B＝40°，∠C＝60°，∴∠BAC＝180°﹣∠B﹣∠C＝180°﹣40°﹣60°＝80°，∵∠BAD＝∠BAC﹣∠CAD，∠CAD＝40°，∴∠BAD＝80°﹣40°＝40°，∵DE∥AB，∴∠ADE＝∠BAD，∴∠ADE＝40°．【点评】本题考查三角形内角和定理，平行线的性质等知识，解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题，属于中考常考题型．20．如图，已知点B，C，F，E在同一直线上，∠1＝∠2，BF＝CE，AB∥DE．求证：△ABC≌△DEF．【分析】首先根据平行线的性质可得∠E＝∠B，进而求得BC＝EF，再加上∠1＝∠2，可利用AAS证明△ABC≌△DEF．【解答】证明：∵BF＝CE，∴BF﹣FC＝CE﹣CF，即BC＝EF，∵AB∥DE，∴∠E＝∠B，在△ABC和△DEF中，，∴△ABC≌△DEF（ASA）．【点评】此题主要考查了全等三角形的判定，关键是掌握判定两个三角形全等的一般方法有：SSS、SAS、ASA、AAS、HL．21．已知：如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝BC，BD平分∠CBA，DE⊥AB于点E．求证：（1）△DEB≌△DCB；（2）AD+DE＝BE．【分析】（1）由角平分线的定义、垂直的定义证明△DEB≌△DCB；（2）根据全等三角形的对应边相等得出结论．【解答】证明：（1）∵BD平分∠CBA（已知），∴∠EBD＝∠CBD（角平分线的定义）．∵DE⊥AB（已知），∴∠DEB＝90°（垂直的定义）．∵∠C＝90°（已知），∴∠DEB＝∠C（等量代换）．在△DEB和△DCB中，∴△DEB≌△DCB（AAS）．（2）∵△DEB≌△DCB，∴DE＝DC，BE＝BC（全等三角形的对应边相等）．∵AD+DC＝AC＝BC（已知），∴AD+DE＝BE（等量代换）．【点评】本题考查了角平分线的定义、垂直的定义、全等三角形的判定及其性质等知识．利用相等的线段进行等效转是解答本题的关键．22．如图，点B，F，C，E在一条直线上，BF＝CE，AB∥ED，AC∥FD．求证：△ABC≌△DEF．【分析】先证明∠B＝∠E，∠ACB＝∠DFE，BC＝EF，进而利用全等三角形的判定定理ASA证明两个三角形全等．【解答】证明：∵BF＝CE，∴BF+FC＝CE+FC，即BC＝EF．∵AB∥ED，∴∠B＝∠E．∵AC∥FD，∴∠ACB＝∠DFE．在△ABC和△DEF中，∴△ABC≌△DEF（ASA）．【点评】本题考查三角形全等的判定方法，判定两个三角形全等的一般方法有：SSS、SAS、ASA、AAS、HL．解此题的关键是熟练掌握全等三角形的判定方法．23．已知，如图，AB＝AC，BD＝CD，DE⊥AB于点E，DF⊥AC于点F，求证：DE＝DF．【分析】连接AD，利用“边边边”证明△ABD和△ACD全等，然后根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠BAD＝∠CAD，再根据角平分线上的点到角的两边距离相等证明即可．【解答】证明：如图，连接AD，在△ABD和△ACD中，，∴△ABD≌△ACD（SSS），∴∠BAD＝∠CAD，又∵DE⊥AB，DF⊥AC，∴DE＝DF．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质，角平分线上的点到角的两边距离相等的性质，熟练掌握三角形全等的判定方法并作辅助线构造出全等三角形是解题的关键．。

人教版英语小学三年级上学期期中试题与参考答案(2024-2025学年)

2024-2025学年人教版英语小学三年级上学期期中复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、听力材料：A. Hello, how are you?B. I’m fine, thank you. How are you?C. I’m tired. I need a rest.Question: What does the second person say in response to the first person’s greeting?A. A.B. B.C. C.Answer: B.Explanation: The second person responds with “I’m fine, thank you. How are you?” which is a typical greeting in English when someone asks how the other person is doing.2、听力材料：A. What’s your name?B. My name is Tom.C. How old are you?Question: Which sentence is a correct response to the question “What’s your name?”A. A.B. B.C. C.Answer: B.Explanation: The correct response to the question “What’s your name?” is “My name is Tom,” which provides the requested information. The oth er options are not appropriate responses to the question.3、Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What is the weather like today?B. How is your mother?C. What’s this in English?Answer: CExplanation: The dialogue likely includes a question asking about the translation of an object or word, making option C the most appropriate choice for the context.4、Listen to the story and answer the question.Question: Who is the main character in the story?A. A catB. A dogC. A rabbitAnswer: BExplanation: The story is about a dog and its adventures, making option B the correct answer for the main character.5、Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What’s your name?B. How old are you?C. Where are you from?D. Are you a student?Answer: CExplanation: The question is asking for the origin of the speaker. The correct answer is “Where are you from?” which is option C. The other options are not relevant to the question.6、Listen to the sentence and choose the correct word to complete it. The sun is shining, and the birds are (a) __________.A. singingB. flyingC. runningD. eatingAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence describes a sunny day with birds. The most appropriate word to complete the sentence is “singing,” which is option A.The other options do not fit the context of the sentence.7、What is the boy doing in the picture?A. He is reading a book.B. He is writing a letter.C. He is drawing a picture.Answer: AExplanation: The picture shows a boy with a book in his hand, indicating that he is reading a book. The other options, writing a letter and drawing a picture, are not supported by the image. Therefore, the correct answer is A.8、How many apples does the girl have in her basket?A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourAnswer: CExplanation: In the picture, the girl’s basket is clearly filled with four apples. The other options suggest different numbers of apples, but the visual evidence in the picture confirms that there are four apples in the basket. Thus, the correct answer is C.9、Listen to the following conversation and answer the question.A: Hi, Tom! How was your weekend?B: Hi, Mary! It was great! I went to the park with my family.Q: What did Tom do last weekend?A: He went to the park with his family.B: He watched a movie at home.C: He visited his grandparents.Answer: AExplanation: The question asks what Tom did last weekend. In the conversation, Tom says, “I went to the park with my family,” which means optionA is the correct answer.10、Listen to the following question and choose the correct answer.Q: What is the weather like today?A: It’s sunny.B: It’s rainy.C: It’s windy.Answer: AExplanation: The question asks about the weather today. The correct answer is provided in option A, which states that it’s sunny. Options B and C are incorrect as they describe different weather conditions.11.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.A. What color is the cat?B. How old is the girl?C. What is the boy’s name?Answer: AExplanation: The dialogue is about a cat. The speaker asks, “What color is thecat?” indicating that the question is about the color of the cat, not the age of the girl or the boy’s name.12.Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.M: Hello, how are you?W: I’m f ine, thank you. And you?M: I’m also fine, thank you. What are you doing?W: I’m reading a book about animals.Answer: I’m reading a book about animals.Explanation: In the conversation, the woman responds to the man’s question about what she is doing. She says, “I’m reading a book about animals.” The task is to fill in the blank with the complete response.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、What is the color of the sky?A. RedB. YellowC. BlueAnswer: CExplanation: The sky is usually blue, so the correct answe r is “C. Blue.”2、Where do animals usually live?A. In the oceanB. In the skyC. On the groundAnswer: CExplanation: Animals generally live on the ground, so the correct answer is “C. On the ground.”3、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.A. todayB. yesterdayC. tomorrowAnswer: BExplanation: The sentence should be about the past, so “yesterday” is the correct choice.4、Select the word that is different from the others.A. catB. dogC. fishD. birdAnswer: CExplanation: All the other options (A, B, and D) are animals that have fur or feathers. “Fish” is the only option that is not an animal with fur or feathers.5、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.A. playB. playedC. playingThe children are________in the park. ( )A. playB. playedC. playingAnswer: CExplanation: The correct form to use here is the gerund “playing” because it is used after the verb “be” to describe what the children are doing.6、Match the words with their correct meanings.A. yesterday - ( )B. today - ( )C. tomorrow - ( )1.The day before today - ( )2.The day we are living in - ( )3.The day after today - ( )Answer:1.A. yesterday2.B. today3.C. tomorrowExplanation:1.”The day before today” refers to “yesterday.”2.”The day we are living in” refers to “today.”3.”The day after today” refers to “tomorrow.”7、What is the capital city of France?A. LondonB. ParisC. RomeAnswer: B. ParisExplanation: The capital city of France is Paris, so the correct answer isB.8、How many legs does a spider have?A. 2B. 4C. 8Answer: C. 8Explanation: A spider has eight legs, which is why the correct answer isC.9.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat sat on the __________.A. tableB. chairC. floorAnswer: CExplanation: The sentence describes a cat sitting down. “Floor” is the correctchoice because it is the most common place where a cat would sit. “Table” and “chair” are less common for a cat to sit on.10.Select the word that does not belong in the group.A. appleB. bananaC. chairD. penAnswer: DExplanation: “Apple,” “banana,” and “chair” are all objects that can be either eaten or used as furniture. “Pen,” however, is a writing instrument and does not fit the category of food or furniture.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence:The cat is sleeping under the tree. It’s very__________there.A. quietB. noisyC. happyAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence describes a peaceful scene, so the word “quiet” fits well to complete the sentence, indicating that there is no noise around.12.Which sentence is correct according to the use of “am/is/are”?A. The cat is sleeping on the bed.B. I am eat apples.C. They are reading a book in the library.Answer: AExpl anation: Option A is correct because “is” is the correct form of the verb “be” to match the third person singular subject “the cat.” Option B is incorrect because “am” should be used instead of “is” after “I.” Option C is also incorrect because “are” should be used instead of “is” to match the plural subject “they.”三、完型填空（10分）Grammar CompletionChoose the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each sentence. Write the letter (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) corresponding to your answer.1.I______(go) to the park with my friends yesterday. (A) went (B) go (C) going (D) gone(E) goesAnswer: A) went四、阅读理解（26分）Reading ComprehensionPassage:The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. It is the oldest and most familiar natural phenomenon to us. The sun is the center of our solar system, and it provides light and heat for the Earth. Without the sun, life on Earthwould not be possible.One morning, little Tom woke up early and noticed that the sun was already shining in the east. He felt so happy because it was a beautiful day. He decided to go outside to play. As he walked to the park, he saw the birds flying and the flowers blooming. The sun was warming the air, making it feel so nice and cozy.While playing in the park, Tom met his friend, Lily. They decided to play hide and seek. Lily found a great spot behind a big tree, and Tom had to find her. As Tom searched, he thought about how important the sun was for life on Earth. He realized that the sun not only provides light but also helps plants grow and keeps us warm.Questions:1.What is the main idea of the passage?A. The sun is the oldest natural phenomenon.B. The sun is important for life on Earth.C. Tom and Lily played hide and seek.D. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2.Why did Tom feel happy that morning?A. He wanted to go to the park.B. He noticed the sun was already shining.C. He realized the importance of the sun.D. He saw his friend Lily.3.What did Tom think about while searching for Lily?A. He was cold.B. He was hungry.C. He realized how important the sun was.D. He wanted to go home.Answers:1.B2.B3.C五、写作题（16分）Title: My Favorite ToyInstructions: Write a few sentences about your favorite toy. Tell us what it is, why you like it, and what you do with it. Use the following words in your writing: toy, favorite, play with.Example Length: Approximately 4-6 sentences.Example Writing:My favorite toy is my teddy bear. I got him for my birthday last year. I love to hug him because he is soft and cuddly. Every night, I play with my teddy bear before going to sleep. We have lots of fun together. Sometimes, I even read stories to him.Analysis:This example meets the requirements by:1.Introducing the toy (teddy bear).2.Explaining why it’s the writer’s favorite (soft and cuddly).3.Describing what the writer does with the toy (hug, play, read stories).ing the required vocabulary words ‘toy’, ‘favorite’, and ‘play with’.5.Keeping within the sentence limit suitable for a third-grader.The task is simple enough for a student at this level but also encourages them to use their imagination and personalize their response. It also provides an opportunity to practice sentence structure and vocabulary usage.。

期中复习试卷(范围第11

第11.1—13.4章期中复习试卷（培优卷）考试时间:120分钟满分：120分一、单选题（每小题3分，共18分）1．如图，在同一平面内，将边长相等的正六边形、正方形的一边重合，则∠1的度数为（）A ．18°B ．25°C ．30°D ．45°【答案】C【分析】根据多边形内角和公式求出正方形、正六边形每个内角的度数，再求出答案即可．【详解】解：∠正方形的每个内角的度数是90°，正六边形的每个内角的度数是(62)1806-⨯︒=120°，∠∠1=120°-90°=30°，故选：C ．【点睛】本题考查了正多边形的内角和等知识点，能分别求出正方形、正六边形每个内角的度数是解此题的关键．2．如图，已知点A 、D 、C 、F 在同一条直线上，∠B=∠E =90°，AB=DE ，若添加一个条件后，能用“HL”的方法判定Rt∠ABC∠Rt∠DEF ，添加的条件可以是（）A ．BC=EFB ．∠BCA=∠FC ．AB∠DED ．AD=CF【答案】D【分析】根据题目给的条件可知道直角边和直角，因为需用“HL”的方法判定Rt ABC △∠Rt DEF △，故只能添上斜边这一条件，即可解答．【详解】解：∠90B E ∠=∠=︒，AB DE =，∠添加条件AC DF =，根据“HL”即可判定Rt ABC ∠Rt DEF ；或添加条件AD CF =，也可得出AC DF =，根据“HL”即可判定Rt ABC ∠Rt DEF ，故D 正确．故选：D ．【点睛】本题主要考查了利用“HL”判定三角形全等，掌握三角形全等的判定是解题的关键．3．如图，在ABC 中，AB AC =，30C ∠=︒，AB AD ⊥，4AD cm =，则BC 的长为（）．A ．8cmB ．12cmC ．15cmD ．16cm【答案】B【分析】根据等腰三角形性质求出∠B ，求出∠BAC ，求出∠DAC=∠C ，求出AD=DC=4cm ，根据含30度角的直角三角形性质求出BD ，即可求出答案．【详解】∠AB=AC ，∠C=30°，∠∠B=30°，∠AB∠AD ，AD=4cm ，∠BD=8cm ，∠∠ADB=60°∠C=30°，∠∠DAC=∠C=30°，∠CD=AD=4cm ，∠BC=BD+CD=8+4=12cm ．故选B.【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质，含30度角的直角三角形性质，三角形的内角和定理的应用，解此题的关键是求出BD 和DC 的长．4．如图，在ABC 和CDE △中，90ACB CED AB CD CE AC ∠=∠=︒==，，，则下列结论中错误的是（）A ．ABC CDE △△≌B ．CAB DCE ∠=∠C ．AB CD ⊥ D ．E 为BC 中点【答案】D【分析】首先证明ABC CDE △△≌，推出CE AC =，D B ∠=∠，由90D DCE ∠+∠=，推出90B DCE ∠+∠=，推出AB CD ⊥，即可一一判断．【详解】解：∠90ACB CED ∠=∠=︒，∠ABC 和CDE △为直角三角形，在Rt ABC 和Rt CDE △中，AB CD AC CE =⎧⎨=⎩，∠()ABC CDE HL ≌△△，∠CE AC =，D B ∠=∠，CAB DCE ∠=∠，∠90D DCE ∠+∠=，∠90B DCE ∠+∠=，∠AB CD ⊥，故A 、B 、C 正确，故选：D ．【点睛】本题主要考查全等三角形的判定和性质，解题的关键是熟练掌握全等三角形的判定和性质．5．（2021·贵州铜仁·中考真题）用形状、大小完全相同的一种或几种平面图形进行拼接，彼此之间不留空隙、不重叠地铺成一片，这就是平面图形的镶嵌．工人师傅不能用下列哪种形状、大小完全相同的一种地砖在平整的地面上镶嵌（）A ．等边三角形B ．正方形C ．正五边形D ．正六边形【答案】C【分析】进行平面镶嵌就是在同一顶点处的几个多边形的内角和应是360︒，因此我们只需要验证360︒是不是上面所给的几个正多边形的一个内角度数的整数倍即可．【详解】解：A 、等边三角形每个内角的度数为60︒，360606︒÷︒=，故该项不符合题意；B 、正方形的每个内角的度数为90︒，360904︒÷︒=，故该项不符合题意；C 、正五边形的每个内角的度数为108︒，136010833︒÷︒=，故该项符合题意； D 、正六边形的每个内角的度数为120︒，1236030÷︒︒=，故该项不符合题意；故选：C ．【点睛】此题考查镶嵌问题，正确掌握各正多边形的每个内角的度数及镶嵌的计算方法是解题的关键．6．（2019·山东滨州·中考真题）如图，在OAB 和OCD 中，,,,40OA OB OC OD OA OC AOB COD ==>∠=∠=︒，连接,AC BD 交于点M ，连接OM ．下列结论：①AC BD =；②40AMB ∠=︒；③OM 平分BOC ∠；④MO 平分BMC ∠．其中正确的个数为（）．A ．4B ．3C ．2D ．1【答案】B【分析】根据题意逐个证明即可，①只要证明()AOC BOD SAS ≌，即可证明AC BD =; ②利用三角形的外角性质即可证明; ④作OG MC ⊥于G ，OH MB ⊥于H ,再证明()OCG ODH AAS ≌即可证明MO 平分BMC ∠.【详解】解：∠40AOB COD ∠=∠=︒，∠AOB AOD COD AOD ∠+∠=∠+∠，即AOC BOD ∠=∠，在AOC △和BOD 中，OA OB AOC BODOC OD =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠()AOC BOD SAS ≌，∠,OCA ODB AC BD ∠=∠=，①正确；∠OAC OBD ∠=∠，由三角形的外角性质得：,AMB OAC AOB OBD ∠+∠=∠+∠∠40AMB AOB ∠=∠=°，②正确；作OG MC ⊥于G ，OH MB ⊥于H ，如图所示：则90OGC OHD ∠=∠=°，在OCG 和ODH 中，OCA ODB OGC OHDOC OD ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠()OCG ODH AAS ≌，∠OG OH =，∠MO 平分BMC ∠，④正确；正确的个数有3个；故选B ．【点睛】本题是一道几何的综合型题目，难度系数偏上，关键在于利用三角形的全等证明来证明线段相等，角相等.二、填空题（每小题3分，共18分）7．如图，BD 是∠ABC 的中线，AB ＝5cm ，BC ＝3cm ，那么∠ABD 的周长比∠CBD 的周长多_____．【答案】2cm【分析】根据三角形的中线的概念得到AD=DC ，根据三角形的周长公式计算，得到答案．【详解】解：∠BD 是∠ABC 的中线，∠AD=DC ，∠∠ABD 的周长-∠CBD 的周长=（AB+AD+BD ）-（BC+DC+BD ）=AB-BC=5-3=2（cm ），∠∠ABD 的周长比∠CBD 的周长多2cm ，故答案为：2cm ．【点睛】本题考查的是三角形的中线的概念，三角形一边的中点与此边所对顶点的连线叫做三角形的中线．8．如图，∠ABC∠∠DBE ，∠ABC 的周长为30，AB ＝9，BE ＝8，则AC 的长是__．【答案】13【分析】根据全等三角形的性质求出BC，根据三角形的周长公式计算，得到答案．【详解】解：∠∠ABC∠∠DBE，BE＝8，∠BC＝BE＝8，∠∠ABC的周长为30，∠AB+AC+BC＝30，∠AC＝30﹣AB﹣BC＝13，故答案为：13．【点睛】此题主要考查全等三角形的性质，解题的关键是熟知全等三角形的性质．9．如图，线段AF∠AE，垂足为点A，线段GD分别交AF、AE于点C，B，连接GF，ED，则∠D+∠G+∠AFG+∠AED的度数为__________.【答案】270°##270度【分析】根据三角形的内角和定理及对顶角的性质可求得∠GCF+∠DBE=90°，再利用三角形的内角和定理可得∠G+∠F+∠GCF+∠D+∠B+∠DBE=360°，进而可求解∠D+∠G+∠AFG+∠AED的度数．【详解】解：∠∠A+∠ACB+∠ABC=180°，∠A=90°，∠∠ACB+∠ABC=90°，∠∠GCF=∠ACB，∠DBE=∠ABC，∠∠GCF+∠DBE=90°，∠∠G+∠F+∠GCF=∠D+∠B+∠DBE=180°，∠∠G+∠F+∠GCF+∠D+∠B+∠DBE=360°，∠∠D+∠G+∠AFG+∠AED=270°，故答案为：270°．【点睛】本题主要考查三角形的内角和定理，掌握三角形的内角和定理是解题的关键．10．如图，∠ABC的边CB关于CA的对称线段是CB'，边CA关于CB的对称线段是CA'，连结BB'，若点A'落在BB'所在的直线上，∠ABB'＝56°，则∠ACB＝___度．【答案】28°【分析】根据对称性可判断出BB'∠AC，先求出∠BAC＝34°，再根据对称的性质判断∠A'CB∠∠ACB，最后根据∠ACA'＝2∠ACB即可求解．【详解】解：连接BA'，AC与BB'交点为O，∠CB关于CA的对称线段是CB'，∠BB'∠AC，∠∠ABB'＝56°，∠∠BAC＝34°，∠边CA关于CB的对称线段是CA'，∠∠A'CB∠∠ACB，∠∠BA'C＝∠BAC＝34°，∠∠ACA'＝2∠ACB＝56°，∠∠ACB＝28°，故答案为28°．【点睛】本题主要考查了轴对称的性质及全等三角形的判定及性质，熟练掌握轴对称的性质是解题的关键．11．如图，则∠A+∠B+∠C+∠D+∠E的度数是__．【答案】180°【分析】由三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和，得∠4＝∠A ＋∠2，∠2＝∠D ＋∠C ，进而利用三角形的内角和定理求解．【详解】解：如图可知：∠∠4是三角形的外角，∠∠4＝∠A ＋∠2，同理∠2也是三角形的外角，∠∠2＝∠D ＋∠C ，在∠BEG 中，∠∠B ＋∠E ＋∠4＝180°，∠∠B ＋∠E ＋∠A ＋∠D ＋∠C ＝180°．故答案为：180°．【点睛】本题考查三角形外角的性质及三角形的内角和定理，解答的关键是沟通外角和内角的关系．12．如图，ABC 是等边三角形，点D 在AB 上，3AD BD =，ACE ADC ∠=∠，CE CD =．G 是AC 延长线上一点，EG AB ∥．连接BE 交AC 于点F ，则FGFC 的值为______．【答案】53【分析】由AAS 可证明BCD GEC ∆≅∆，设BD CG x ==，BC GE AB ==；由AAS 可证明ABF GEF ∆≅∆，可得52AF FG x ==，即可求解【详解】解：∠3AD BD =∠设,BD x =则3,AD x =∠4,AB x∠ABC 是等边三角形，∠,60,AB AC BC A ABC ︒==∠=∠=∠AB//EG∠60,A G ︒∠=∠= ∠60,ABC G ︒∠=∠=∠,ACE ADC ∠=∠∠,BDC GCE ∠=∠在BCD ∆和GEC ∆中BDC GCE ABC GCD CE ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∠()ΔΔ,BCD GEC AAS ≅ ∠,BD CG x BC GE AB ====∠5,AG AC CG x =+=在ABF 和GEF 中A G AFB GFEAB GE ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∠()ΔΔ,ABF GEF AAS ≅ ∠52AF FG x ==∠3,2FC x = ∠53FG FC =故答案为：5.3【点睛】本题主要考查了全等三角形的判定与性质，等边三角形的性质，平行线的性质等知识，证明ABF GEF ∆≅∆是解题的关键三、解答题（每小题6分，共30分）13．如图，点A ，O ，B 在同一直线上，且ACO BDO △△≌．证明：(1)点C ，O ，D 在同一直线上；(2)AC BD ∥．【答案】(1)见解析；(2)见解析．【分析】（1）由全等三角形的性质可知∠AOC ＝∠BOD ，由题意可知∠AOD+∠DOB ＝180°，故此可求得∠AOD+∠AOC ＝180°，从而可证明点C ，O ，D 在同一直线上；（2）由全等三角形的性质可知∠A ＝∠B ，由平行线的判定定理可证明AC∠BD ．（1）证明：∠ACO △∠BDO △，∠AOC BOD ∠=∠．∠点A ，O ，B 在同一直线上，∠∠AOD+∠DOB ＝180°，∠∠AOD+∠AOC ＝180°，，∠点C ，O ，D 在同一直线上；（2）证明：∠ACO △∠BDO △，∠∠A ＝∠B ，∠AC BD ∥ 【点睛】本题主要考查的是全等三角形的性质、平行线的判定，掌握全等三角形的性质、平行线的判定定理是解题的关键．14．如图，D 是AB 边上一点，DF 交AC 于点E ，DE ＝FE ，AE ＝CE ．求证：FC//AB ．【答案】见解析【分析】由DE=FE ，AE=CE ，易证得∠ADE∠∠CFE ，即可得∠A=∠ECF ，则可证得FC ∥AB ．【详解】证明：在∠ADE 和∠CFE 中，DE FE AED CEFAE CE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠∠ADE∠∠CFE （SAS ），∠∠A=∠ECF ，∠FC//AB ．【点睛】此题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质以及平行线的判定．此题难度不大，注意掌握数形结合思想的应用．15．（2021·河北·邯郸市第十一中学八年级期末）如图，在直角坐标系中，ABC 的三个顶点坐标分别为()1,4A ，()4,2B ，()3,5C ，请回答下列问题：（1）作出ABC 关于x 轴的对称图形111A B C △，并直接写出111A B C △的顶点坐标；（2）111A B C △的面积为．【答案】（1）图见解析，()11,4A -，()14,2B -，()13,5C -；（2）72．【分析】（1）利用轴对称的性质即可画出111A B C △，再根据坐标系中所画出的三角形即可写出其顶点坐标．（2）如图利用割补法即可求出111A B C △S 的面积．【详解】（1）如图，111A B C △即为所求，由图可知1(14)A -，，1(42)B -，，1(35)C -，．．（2）如图取E(1，-2)，F(1，-5)，G(4，-5)，分别连接E 、1B 、G 、F ，由图可知四边形E 1B GF 为正方形．所以1111111111A B C S A B E A C F B C G EB GF S S S S S =---正方形，即111111733232113=2222A B C S S =⨯-⨯⨯-⨯⨯-⨯⨯．故答案为：72．【点睛】本题考查利用轴对称作图，利用轴对称的性质找出对称点的位置是解决问题的关键．16．（2021·广东广州·八年级期末）如图，在∠ABC 中，∠A=∠DBC=36°，∠C=72°．求∠1，∠2的度数．【答案】∠1=36°，∠2=72°．【分析】在∠ABC 和∠BDC 中，根据三角形内角和定理，即可得出结论．【详解】在∠ABC 中，∠ABC=180°﹣∠A ﹣∠C=180°－36°－72°=72°，∠∠1=∠ABC ﹣∠DBC=72°－36°=36°；在∠BCD 中，∠2=180°﹣∠DBC ﹣∠C=180°－36°－72°=72°．【点睛】本题考查了三角形的内角和定理，注意掌握数形结合思想的应用．17．已知点(2,5)-+A a b a ，(21,)--+B b a b .若A 、B 关于y 轴对称，求2020(4)+a b 的值．【答案】1【分析】先根据A 、B 关于y 轴对称，求出a 和b 的值，然后代入2020(4)+a b 计算即可．【详解】解：∠A 、B 关于y 轴对称， ∠22105a b b a a b -+-=⎧⎨+=-+⎩，解得13a b =-⎧⎨=⎩，∠2020(4)+a b =2020(43)1-+=．【点睛】本题考查了关于y 轴对称的点的坐标特征，解二元一次方程组，求代数式的值，熟练掌握关于y 轴对称的点，纵坐标相同，横坐标互为相反数是解答本题的关键．四、解答题（每小题8分，共24分）18．如图，在四边形ABCD 中，AD BC ∥，E 为CD 的中点，连接AE 、BE ，BE AE ⊥，延长AE 交BC 的延长线于点F ．(1)请判断FC 与AD 的数量关系，并说明理由；(2)若AB ＝6，AD ＝2，求BC 的长度．【答案】(1)FC=AD ，理由见解析(2)4【分析】（1）根据AD∠BC 可知∠ADC=∠ECF ，再根据E 是CD 的中点可求出∠ADE∠∠FCE ，根据全等三角形的性质即可解答；（2）根据全等三角形的性质、线段垂直平分线的性质判断出AB=BF ，据此求解即可．（1）解：FC=AD ，理由如下：∠AD∠BC （已知），∠∠ADC=∠ECF （两直线平行，内错角相等），∠E 是CD 的中点（已知），∠DE=EC （中点的定义）．在∠ADE 与∠FCE 中，ADC ECF DE ECAED CEF ∠=∠⎧⎪=⎨⎪∠=∠⎩，∠∠ADE∠∠FCE （ASA ），∠FC=AD （全等三角形的性质）；（2）解：∠∠ADE∠∠FCE ，∠AE=EF ，AD=CF （全等三角形的对应边相等），∠BE∠AE ，∠BE 是线段AF 的垂直平分线，∠AB=BF=BC+CF ，∠AB=BC+AD ，∠AB=6，AD=2，∠BC=4．【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的判定和性质，线段垂直平分线的判定和性质，证明三角形全等是解题的关键．19．如图，已知点C 是AB 的中点，CD//BE ，且CD BE =．（1）求证：∠ACD∠∠CBE ．（2）若87,32A D ∠=︒∠=︒，求∠B 的度数．【答案】（1）见解析；（2）61【分析】（1）根据SAS 证明∠ACD∠∠CBE ；（2）根据三角形内角和定理求得∠ACD ，再根据三角形全等的性质得到∠B=∠ACD ．【详解】（1）∠C 是AB 的中点，∠AC ＝CB ，∠CD//BE ，∠ACD CBE ∠=∠，在∠ACD 和∠CBE 中，AC CB ACD CBECD BE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠ACD CBE ∆≅∆；（2）∠8732A D ︒︒∠=∠=，，∠180180873261ACD A D ︒︒︒︒︒∠=-∠-∠=--=，又∠ACD CBE ∆≅∆，∠61B ACD ︒∠=∠=．【点睛】考查了全等三角形的判定和性质，解题关键是根据SAS 证明∠ACD∠∠CBE ．五、解答题（每小题9分，共18分）20．（2020·四川眉山·八年级期末）已知120MAN ∠=︒，AC 平分MAN ∠，点,B D 分别在,AN AM 上．（1）如图1，若CD AM ⊥于点D ，CB AN ⊥于点B ．①利用等腰三角形“三线合一”，将ADC ∆补成一个等边三角形，可得,AC AD 的数量关系为________．②请问：AC 是否等于+AB AD 呢？如果是，请予以证明．（2）如图2，若180ABC ADC ∠+∠=︒，则（1）中的结论是否仍然成立？若成立，请予以证明；若不成立，请说明理由．【答案】（1）①12AD AC =（或2AC AD =），理由见解析；②AD AB AC +=，理由见解析；（2）仍成立，理由见解析【分析】（1）①由题意利用角平分线的性质以及含30角的直角三角形性质进行分析即可；②根据题意利用①的结论进行等量代换求解即可；（2）根据题意过点C 分别作,AM AN 的垂线，垂足分别为,E F ，进而利用全等三角形判定得出()CED CFB AAS ∆≅∆，以此进行分析即可．【详解】解：（1）①12AD AC =（或2AC AD =） AC 平分,120MAN MAN ∠∠=︒，60CAD ∴∠=︒，又90ADC ∠=︒，30ACD ∴∠=︒ 利用等腰三角形“三线合一”，将ADC ∆补成一个等边三角形，可知12AD AC =②AD AB AC +=证明：由①知，12AD AC = 同理，AC 平分,120MAN MAN ∠∠=︒， 60CAB ∴∠=︒，又90ABC ∠=︒，30ACB ∴∠=︒,12AB AC =AD AB AC ∴+=（2）仍成立证明：过点C 分别作,AM AN 的垂线，垂足分别为,E FAC 平分,MAN ∠CE CF ∴=，180,180ABC ADC ADC CDE ∠+∠=︒∠+∠=︒CDE ABC ∴∠=∠又90CED CFB ∠=∠=︒()CED CFB AAS ∴∆≅∆ED FB ∴= AD AB AE ED AF FB AE AF ∴+=-++=+由（1）中②知AE AF AC +=AD AB AC ∴+=．【点睛】本题考查等腰三角形性质以及全等三角形判定，熟练掌握角平分线的性质以及含30角的直角三角形性质和全等三角形判定定理是解题的关键．21．如图，一个三角形的纸片ABC ，其中∠A=∠C,（1）把∠ABC 纸片按 (如图1) 所示折叠，使点A 落在BC 边上的点F 处，DE 是折痕．说明 BC∠DF ；（2）把∠ABC 纸片沿DE 折叠，当点A 落在四边形BCED 内时 (如图2)，探索∠C 与∠1+∠2之间的大小关系，并说明理由；（3）当点A 落在四边形BCED 外时 (如图3)，探索∠C 与∠1、∠2之间的大小关系.(直接写出结论)【答案】（1）见解析；（2）∠1＋∠2＝2∠C ；（3）∠1－∠2＝2∠C.【分析】（1）根据折叠的性质得∠DFE=∠A ，由已知得∠A=∠C ，于是得到∠DFE=∠C ，即可得到结论；（2）先根据四边形的内角和等于360°得出∠A+∠A′=∠1+∠2，再由图形翻折变换的性质即可得出结论；（3）∠A′ED=∠AED （设为α），∠A′DE=∠ADE （设为β），于是得到∠2+2α=180°，∠1=β-∠BDE=β-（∠A+α），推出∠2-∠1=180°-（α+β）+∠A ，根据三角形的内角和得到∠A=180°-（α+β），证得∠2-∠1=2∠A ，于是得到结论．【详解】解：(1) 由折叠知∠A=∠DFE,∠∠A=∠C ，∠∠DFE=∠C ，∠BC∠DF ；(2)∠1＋∠2＝2∠A.理由如下：∠∠1＋2∠AED ＝180°， ∠2＋2∠ADE ＝180°，∠∠1＋∠2＋2(∠ADE ＋∠AED)＝360°.∠∠A ＋∠ADE ＋∠AED ＝180°，∠∠ADE ＋∠AED ＝180°－∠A ，∠∠1＋∠2＋2(180°－A)＝360°，即∠1＋∠2＝2∠C.(3)∠1－∠2＝2∠A.∠2∠AED ＋∠1＝180°，2∠ADE －∠2＝180°，∠2(∠ADE ＋∠AED)＋∠1－∠2＝360°.∠∠A ＋∠ADE ＋∠AED ＝180°，∠∠ADE ＋∠AED ＝180°－∠A ，∠∠1－∠2＋2(180°－∠A)＝360°，即∠1－∠2＝2∠C.【点睛】考查了翻折变换的性质，三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和，三角形的内角和等于180°，综合题，但难度不大，熟记性质准确识图是解题的关键．22．（2021·湖北咸宁·八年级期中）把两个全等的直角三角板的斜边重合，组成一个四边形ACBD ，以D 为顶点作MDN ∠，交边AC ，BC 于点M ，N ．（1）如图（1），若30ACD ∠=︒，60MDN ∠=︒，当MDN ∠绕点D 旋转时，AM ，MN ，BN 三条线段之间有何种数量关系？证明你的结论；（2）如图（2），当90ACD MDN ∠+∠=︒时，AM ，MN ，BN 三条线段之间有何数量关系？证明你的结论；（3）如图（3），在（2）的条件下，若将M ，N 分别改在CA ，BC 的延长线上，完成图（3），其余条件不变，则AM ，MN ，BN 之间有何数量关系（直接写出结论，不必证明）．【答案】（1）AM BN MN +=；证明见解析；（2）AM BN MN +=；证明见解析；（3）补图见解析；BN AM MN -=；证明见解析．【分析】（1）延长CB 到E ，使BE=AM ，证∠DAM∠∠DBE ，推出∠BDE=∠MDA ，DM=DE ，证∠MDN∠∠EDN ，推出MN=NE 即可；（2）延长CB 到E ，使BE=AM ，证∠DAM∠∠DBE ，推出∠BDE=∠MDA ，DM=DE ，证∠MDN∠∠EDN ，推出MN=NE 即可；（3）在CB 截取BE=AM ，连接DE ，证∠DAM∠∠DBE ，推出∠BDE=∠MDA ，DM=DE ，证∠MDN∠∠EDN ，推出MN=NE 即可．【详解】（1）AM BN MN +=．证明如下：如图，延长CB 到E ，使BE AM =，连接DE ．90A CBD ∠=∠=︒，90A EBD ∴∠=∠=︒．ADC BDC ≌，AD BD ∴=．在DAM △和DBE 中，AM BE A DBEAD BD =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()DAM DBE SAS ∴≌，BDE MDA ∴∠=∠，DM DE =．MDN ADC BDC ∠=∠=∠，ADM NDC BDE ∴∠=∠=∠，MDC NDB ∠=∠， MDN NDE ∴∠=∠．在MDN △和EDN △中，DM DE MDN EDNDN DN =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()MDN EDN SAS ∴△≌△， MN NE ∴=．NE BE BN AM BN =+=+，AM BN MN ∴+=；（2）AM BN MN +=．证明如下：如图，延长CB 到E ，使BE AM =，连接DE ． 90A CBD ∠=∠=︒，90A DBE ∴∠=∠=︒．ADC BDC ≌，AD BD ∴=，ADC CDB ∠=∠．在DAM △和DBE 中，AM BE A DBEAD BD =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()DAM DBE SAS ∴≌，BDE MDA ∴∠=∠，DM DE =．90MDN ACD ∠+∠=︒，90ACD ADC ∠+∠=︒，ADC CDB ∠=∠， NDM ADC CDB ∴∠=∠=∠，ADM CDN BDE ∴∠=∠=∠，CDM NDB ∠=∠， MDN NDE ∴∠=∠．在MDN △和EDN △中，DM DE MDN EDNDN DN =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()MDN EDN SAS ∴△≌△，MN NE ∴=． NE BE BN AM BN =+=+，AM BN MN ∴+=；（3）补充完成题图，如图所示．BN AM MN -=．证明如下：如上图，在CB 上截取BE=AM ，连接DE ．90CDA ACD ∠+∠=︒，90MDN ACD ∠+∠=︒，MDN CDA ∴∠=∠，MDA CDN ∴∠=∠． 90B CAD ∠=∠=︒，90B DAM ∴∠=∠=︒．在DAM △和DBE 中，AM BE DAM DBEAD BD =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()DAM DBE SAS ∴≌， BDE ADM CDN ∴∠=∠=∠，DM DE =．ADC BDC MDN ∠=∠=∠，ADN CDE ∴∠=∠，MDN EDN ∴∠=∠．在MDN △和EDN △中，DM DE MDN EDNDN DN =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()MDN EDN SAS ∴△≌△， MN NE ∴=．NE BN BE BN AM =-=-，BN AM MN ∴-=．【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的性质和判定的应用，作出辅助线构造全等三角形是解题的关键．六、解答题（本大题共12分）23．∠ABC 、∠DPC 都是等边三角形．(1)如图1，求证：AP ＝BD ；(2)如图2，点P 在∠ABC 内，M 为AC 的中点，连PM 、PA 、PB ，若PA∠PM ，且PB ＝2PM ． ①求证：BP∠BD ；②判断PC 与PA 的数量关系并证明．【答案】(1)证明过程见解析；(2)①证明过程见解析；②PC=2PA ，理由见解析．【分析】（1）证明∠BCD∠∠ACP （SAS ），可得结论；（2）①如图2中，延长PM 到K ，使得MK=PM ，连接CK ．证明∠AMP∠∠CMK （SAS ），推出MP=MK ，AP=CK ，∠APM=∠K=90°，再证明∠PDB∠∠PCK （SSS ），可得结论；②结论：PC=2PA ．想办法证明∠DPB=30°，可得结论．（1）证明：如图1中，∠∠ABC ，∠CDP 都是等边三角形，∠CB=CA ，CD=CP ，∠ACB=∠DCP=60°，∠∠BCD=∠ACP ，在∠BCD 和∠ACP 中，CB CA BCD ACPCD CP =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠∠BCD∠∠ACP （SAS ），∠BD=AP ；（2）证明：如图2中，延长PM 到K ，使得MK=PM ，连接CK ．∠AP∠PM ，∠∠APM=90°，在∠AMP 和∠CMK 中，MA MC AMP CMKMP MK =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，∠∠AMP∠∠CMK （SAS ），∠MP=MK ，AP=CK，∠APM=∠K=90°，同法可证∠BCD∠∠ACP ，∠BD=PA=CK ，∠PB=2PM ，∠PB=PK ，∠PD=PC ，∠∠PDB∠∠PCK （SSS ），∠∠PBD=∠K=90°，∠PB∠BD．②解：结论：PC=2PA．∠∠PDB∠∠PCK，∠∠DPB=∠CPK，设∠DPB=∠CPK=x，则∠BDP=90°-x，∠∠APC=∠CDB，∠90°+x=60°+90°-x，∠x=30°，∠∠DPB=30°，∠∠PBD=90°，∠PD=2BD，∠PC=PD，BD=PA，∠PC=2PA．【点睛】本题属于三角形综合题，考查了全等三角形的判定和性质，等边三角形的性质，直角三角形30°角的性质等知识，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，关注全等三角形解决问题．。

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1.雄鹰；茫茫苍穹，无处不是它搏击的舞台。

豪迈、壮烈、激越，是它翱翔的旋律。

它是为飞翔而生的。

海燕：像黑色的闪电高傲地飞翔在乌云翻滚、波浪滔天的大海上。

它是胜利的预言家，勇敢的战斗者。

荆棘鸟：它不停地飞翔，不停地寻找，只是渴望站在荆棘树上让最尖最长的荆棘刺进胸口，唱出生命里唯一一次最美妙的歌。

生命只为了那一声绝唱，却足以让人惊心动魄。

2.略
3．①发布征稿启事，让同学们自由来稿。

②组稿约稿，有重点地选择适合的对象，请他人写稿。

③自己动笔写稿。

．一望无际、高耸连绵的群山，袅袅直上的炊烟，西下的夕阳，一座孤立的城池，这些景物表现了边塞的悲凉。

抒发了将士们壮志难酬、思乡忧国的情怀。

18、解释下列加点词语的含义。

(4分)
（1）才美不外见．。

见： _见，通“现”，表现。

____________ （2）执策而临．之。

临：_____面对_________
（3）愿子．还而视之。

子：______你______
（4）去而顾．之。

顾：_____回头看__________
19、翻译下列句子。

（4分）
（1）策之不以其道，食之不能尽其材。

不能用正确的方法使用它，不能按千里马的标准喂养它。

_________________ _________________________________________________
（2）比三旦立市，人莫知之。

_____连续三天站在集市上卖马，人们不知道他卖的是千里马。

_________ _________________________________________________
20、[甲]文作者借“千里马”不遇“伯乐”的遭遇，寄托了怎样的思想感情？（4
分）
_______表达了自己怀才不遇的愤懑,对封建统治者埋没人才的强烈不满。

（意思接近即可）
___________________________________________________________
21、当今社会，商家请名人作广告已成时尚。

请结合甲、乙二文相关内容，简要
谈谈“名人效应”的利或弊。

（5分）
_____________________________________________________________________ __好处是：如同千里马有了伯乐才能被人们所重视一样，好的产品通过名人的宣传，才能广而告之，坏处是名人宣传的不一定是真正的“千里马”，容易误导消费者。

__________ _____________________________________________________ _
22.唐韩愈
23.⑴有时⑵同“现”，显现⑶等同，一样⑷这，这样
24.
⑴想要与普通的马等同尚且不可能，又怎么能要求它日行千里呢？
⑵喂养它又不能使它充分发挥自己的才能；听它嘶鸣，却不懂它的意愿。

25. 策之以其道，食之尽其材，呜之通其意
26.托物寓意（或寓理于物）怀才不遇的愤懑（或对统治者埋没人才、摧残人才的强烈不满
27.示例一：我要毛遂自荐，主动展示自己才能
示例二：我要努力完善自己，做得更好。

示例三：要做到心态平和，相信是金子总会发光
9、弹奏使……乱把有时
10、（1）同我谈笑往来的，只有博学的人，没有浅薄的庸人。

（2分）
（2）常常写文章自我娱乐,很能够表示自己的志向。

（2分）
11、斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。

闲静少言，不慕荣利。

（2分）
12、性嗜酒、著文章（意对即可）（2分）
答案：（二）12、说明了微波武器的杀伤力（答“作用“或”攻击作用“也给分）（3分）13、构成：主要由高功率发射机、大型高增益天线和瞄准、跟踪、控制等系统构成。

杀伤对象：①杀伤人员②干扰和****武器系统中的电子设备及元器件③还是隐形武器的克星（答对”构成“给1分答对“对象”给3分。

共4分）14、①下定义、分类别、作诠释、列数字、举例子、打比方。

②示例：第四段运用举例子的方法，说明微波武器的攻击目标非常多。

（答对两种说明方法给2分，举例分析正确给2分，共4分）15、不能删去。

加上“可能“说明目标在强微波覆盖区受到的攻击的机率就高；去掉”可能“说明目标只要在强微波覆盖区内就必然受到攻击，语言表述不准确。

（观点正确给1分，分析准确给2分共3分）评论这张转发至微博
（二）（14分） 11.灵验，神奇；品德高尚；使身体劳累；都（每题1分，计4分）12.C（2分）13.（1）孔子说：“有什么简陋呢？”（2）巍峨的山峰耸入云端，明净的溪流清澈见底。

（每题2分，计4分）14.（1）猿鸟乱鸣沉鳞竞跃（每空1分，计2分）（2）甲文表达作者不慕荣利、保持高尚节操的愿望和不求闻达、安贫乐道的生活情趣。

乙文表达了作者热爱自然，沉醉山水的情感。

(意思对即可，计2分)
16．作者以比喻论证开篇，变抽象为具体，变深奥为浅显，变复杂为简单，生动形象阐述了读书的优雅而闲适，（1分）进而亮出中心论点，（1分）同时引起读者阅读兴趣。

（1分）
“隐身”表面上是指把自己隐藏起来，不让别人看见；这里指读书时不需考虑作者或书中人物的感受，自己可以随意翻阅。

（答出深层意即可，1分。

） 17．读书是风雅乐事
18．运用了正反对比的论证方法（举例论证、比喻论证也对）。

杨绛的例子是正面的，古人今人的例子是反面的，通过正反对比，表明自己的观点。

（论证方法2分，分析2分。

）
19．排比（1分）增强语势，多角度，多层面、多方位阐述了读书的益处。

（1分）例子略。

（1分）
20.寻观赞（3分）21. 要点：（1）“最安宁的时光”（2）“最年轻富有的辰景”（3）“最纯洁最快乐的日子”（4）“更真实、更自由、更健壮”（4分）
22.作者采用整齐的句式(四字短语)、运用比喻、对比的修辞手法，（2分）写出梅花盛开时的繁华、同时与凋谢时的寂寞，形成强烈反差，表现了一般人对梅花的爱是短暂而肤浅的。

（2分）
23.（1分）托物言志的手法，借梅喻人。

（1分）表达了从容恬淡的人生态度，
含蓄地告诉人们，我们每一个人也应该像这叶子时期的梅一样固守自己的本
色，做到无所谓显露，也无所谓隐藏！人生只需恬淡从容，尽我所能，无愧
我心，便可直面大千世界，活个堂堂正正，从从容容！（言之有理即可，3
分）
17、（1）裁缝用绣雪花的方式补好被老鼠咬坏的毛衣。

（2）小茵因病需少讲而写作进而出版了作品。

（每点各2分）
18、环境描写。

（1分）描述了秋日落叶飘落，阳光斜照的美景，渲染了秋日斑驳迷蒙，景色宜人的气氛，营造氛围。

烘托人物舒适惬意的心理。

为下文换穿毛衣做铺垫，推动了情节发展。

（答到烘托人物心理，为下文做铺垫得3分，答出一点得2分）
19、寂寞是因为自己不能多说话，只能保持沉默。

美丽是表明自己在寂寞中寻找灵魂的突破口。

小茵在这种静默的追寻中找到了适合自己的方式。

（意对即可4分）
20、世间万物并不是都完美，不要回避、抱怨，只要自己善于寻找适合自己的突破，不放弃，积极努力追寻，就能找到属于自己的天地，寻求另一种方式的完美。

（要答出“不放弃，积极努力”这一类的意思4分）
17.（3分）他把课上得丰富多彩、轻松快乐；他用自己的工资给我们买课外书，
引导我们阅读；春天，他领我们去看桃花，教育我们要欣赏大自然。

（一道横线1分）
18．（3分）本体笑脸，喻体葵花（1分），既形象地写出了孩子们笑容的纯真灿烂（1分），又暗示这位老师在学生心目中如太阳一般的地位（1分）。

19．（2分）因孩子的纯朴关爱而感动（1分），因他们的贫困而难过（1分）。

20．（3分）开头写老师的眼神，写出了老师第一次出现在学生面前时的美好形象，结尾处写老师的眼神“不复清澈”，形成对比，表明了时光的流逝；首尾呼应，引人回味。

（一点2分，两点3分）
21.（3分）在当年那段时光里，年轻的他真心喜爱学生，对学生倾注了全部的
心血，而学生同样“倾其所能”地爱他（1分），这样的情感是最纯真的，
也是最难以忘怀的（1分）。

最后一句话表达了他和我们对当年那段美好时光的怀念（1分）。