2010级下学期期末试卷
2010级下学期期末试卷A卷1.______ scavenge means both exhaust ports and scavenge ports are arranged to the same side.A. UniflowB. CrossC. LoopD. Straight2. An increase in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft.A. a reductionB. an increaseC. an outingD. a downwards3. For an ordinary four-stroke engine the exhaust valves open _____.A. after TDCB. before TDCC. after BDCD. before BDC4. A piston in a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine makes four strokes during each _____.A. crankshaft revolutionB. mechanical cycle of operationC. period of two combustion cyclesD. cycle of two events5. The highest pressure in a diesel engine cylinder normally occurs _____.A. at TDCB. before TDCC. after TDCD. during air starting6. A-frames are mounted on the bed plate and support ____ and cylinder blocks.A. the main bearingB. the cylinder coverC. the entablatureD. the sump7. In each cylinder cover there are two or three holes for _____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the fuel valvesC. indicator cocksD. the fuel pumps8. The joint face between the cylinder cover and the liner is arranged _____ the combustion process as possibleA. such far away fromB. such near byC. as far away fromD. as near by9. Which of the diesel engine cylinder liners listed has internal cooling water passages?A. Internally finned linerB. Externally finned linerC. Wet linerD. Integral water-jacket liner10. In order to improve the working conditions of the crosshead bearings, the bearing pressure is made _____and the peripheralspeed is made _____ in later designs.A. smaller, higherB. higher, smallerC. smaller, smallerD. higher, higher11. ______or air venting arrangement is fitted to the fuel supply passage.A. An air pumpB. A compressorC. A fuel pumpD. A priming12. If there is water in fuel oil , the revolution of the engine will ____.A. decreaseB. increaseC. be dismantledD. be reassembled13. During the fuel injection period, fuel pressure must exceed cylinder gas pressure to _____.A. ensure penetration and distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamberB. ensure the needle valve is flushed clean during each injectionC. prevent combustion gas blowback into the open needle valveD. prevent reflected pressure waves when the needle valve closes14. Maintaining the proper fuel oil temperature will result in ______.A. the elimination of valve wearB. improved atomizationC. a decrease in cylinder blow-byD. an increase in cylinder blow-by15. When the heavy fuel oil is heated to achieve the viscosity of 10-15 cSt, _____ may occur. To avoid this,a _____ system is used in most occasions.A. boiling and cavitations; low temperatureB. boiling and cavitations; pressurizedC. leaking and boiling; low temperatureD. leaking and boiling; pressurized16. The space between cylinder liner and jacket is called _____.A. the circulating tankB. the scavenge boxC. the cooling water spaceD. the cooler17. Cooling the intake air supplied to a diesel engine will _____.A. reduce mean effective pressureB. decrease average compression pressureC. decrease air charge densityD. increase power output18. The pH value of water in a diesel engine closed cooling water system should be maintained between_____A. 6.0 to 7.5B. 8.0 to 9.5C. 10.0 to 11.5D. 12.0 to 13.519. The engine will fail to start unless______.A. the pressure of the starting air is high enoughB. there is enough air in the air reservoirsC. the air is supplied into the cylinders in the appropriate sequenceD. all of the above20. Immediately after any diesel engine is started, he engineer should check the_____.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. saltwater pressureD. exhaust temperature21. An un-loader is installed on an air compressor to _____.A. bypass the high pressure stage to the low pressure stage on 100% of the air compressors in serviceB. prevent excessive inter-stage pressure buildupC. control compressor discharge pressureD. remove all but the frictional load during starting22. In the starting system, the automatic valve is controlled by _____, and the cylinder start-valves are controlled by______.A. pilot air; pilot airB. handle; solenoidC. handle; pilot air coming through the distributorD. solenoid; pilot are coming through the distributor23. The amount of lubricating oil in the drain tank should be checked by _____.A. measuringB. sounding rodC. meteringD. weighing24. The primary duty of lube oil is to reduce ______ between the working parts of an engine.A. power outputB. friction and wearC. indicated pressureD. rated horsepower25. Friction, engine wear and oil consumption in a diesel engine are directly related to the ______.A. acidity of the oilB. pour point of the oilC. flash point of the oilD. viscosity of the oil26. Two important considerations for the proper lubrication of a diesel engine include the delivery of the oilin sufficient amount and the ______.A. cetane numberB. pour pointC. viscosity temperatureD. quality of the oil27. On opposite ends of a single shaft of a turbo blower are a gas driven ______ and a air compressor, which are sealed each otherA. charge air receiverB. scavenging air beltC. turbineD. air cooler28. The hot expanding gas rotates the blades of the exhaust turbine, thus _____ a large of its power, ______ drives the compressor.A. to give off; whichB. giving off; whichC. to give off; thatD. giving off; that29. Forcing the exhaust gases from the cylinder of an operating diesel engine with the aid of a blower is known as ______.A. scavengingB. forced draftC. turbo-chargingD. aspiration30. An after-cooler installed between the turbocharger and the cylinder air inlet _____.A. increases the density of the airB. decrease the density of the airC. increases the specific heat of the airD. decreases the specific heat of the exhaust31. _____supplies pilot air to control the cylinder air start valves.A. An air compressorB. An indicator cockC. An air distributorD. A safety valve32. After the order“_____” is given, the air system is shut down, the turning gear put in.A. Finished with engineB. Stop the engineC. Stand-by engineD. Slow-down engine33. If some of the cylinders are not firing, the ones affected may be determined by watching _____.A. the exhaust temperatureB. the exhaust pressureC. the governorD. the fuel flow meter34. Control of the main propulsion diesel engines can be shifted from the engine room to the wheelhouse from the _____.A. wheelhouse control stationB. engine room control stationC. captain’s officeD. chief engineer’s office35. Which of the following can be obtained by means of an indicator card?A. The peak pressure in a cylinderB. The temperature of the cooling waterC. The fuel consumptionD. None of the above36. An over-speed trip serves to _____.A. stop the engine by cutting off the cooling water supplyB. stop the engine by closing the air intakeC. slow the engine but not stop itD. slow the engine to half of normal load37. The burning of the fuel adds more heat to the air charge, causing it to expand and force the engine piston to do work on the______ which in turn drives the ship’s propeller.A. crank-pinB. crankshaftC. crankcaseD. camshaft38. _____ on board the ship transfers power from the main engine to the propeller.A. The transmission systemB. The supply systemC. The chain systemD. The control system39. In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, _____.A. speed and torque are both reducedB. speed is reduced and torque remains unchangedC. speed is reduced and torque is increasedD. speed is sometimes unchanged while torque is increased40. _____ is used to prevent the entry of sea water to the machinery space.A. A special sealing glandB. PropellerC. Tail-shaftD. Stern-tube bearing41. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, _____.A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engineB. pumping oil bilge waterC. change sea chest from high level one to lower oneD. test emergency generator42. When sailing in cold zones, the ______ should beheated.A. the steering gear roomB. the fire fighting pipe lineC. the fuel oil tankD. the bath room43. When stand-by before sailing, the duty engineer and officer should check clock, engine telegraph and rudder,and then write it in the _____.A. engine room logbookB. voyage logbookC. engine room logbook or voyage logbookD. engine room logbook and voyage logbook44. The purpose of engine stand-by is that ______.A. the main engine in the stand-by conditionB. auxiliary machinery in the stand-by conditionC. dynamical equipments in the stand-by condition and could be used immediatelyD. A and B45. The main purpose of warming the parts of the main engine is ______.A. to reduce heat stressB. to reduce low temperature corrosionC. to improve firing and starting performanceD. fuel saving46. When received the order “finished with engine”,which of the following operations is wrong ?A. stop the L.O. pump,S.W. pump,F.W. pumpB. stop the priming F.O. transfer pumpC. engage the turning gearD. open the scavenge air belt’s drain valve and cover the turbocharger silencer with the dustproof cover47. After finished the engine,which of valves cannot be shut off by the duty engineer? _______.A.Fuel valve B. The starting air valveC. The sea chestD. The main sea pump inlet valve48. is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed49. Bridge orders must be and a record of any required changes in speed and directions should be kept.A. slowly carried awayB. carried out with a period of delayC. promptly carried outD. paid by the captain50. Who is in charge of the main engine? ______.A. The chief engineerB. The second engineerC. The third engineerD. The fourth engineer51. Which of the following gases represents the greatest threat to personnel safety in an engine room wherethe exhaust is leaking from a diesel engine ?A. Carbon dioxideB. Carbon monoxideC. Carbon trioxideD. Hydrogen sulfide52. To determine that a compartment contains sufficient oxygen to sustain life,you should use a/an .A. explosimeterB. oxygen indicatorC. fresh air indicatorD. all of the above53. Keep compartment as the gas given off can be dangerous.A. well ventilatedB. well cleanC. in good orderD. more room54. The basic training in fire prevention and fire fighting should include the theoretical elements which shouldcover .A. the three elements of fire and explosionB. lower and upper flammable limitsC. classifications of flies and applicable extinguishing agentsD. all of the above55. Fire occurring in combustible mettles, such as sodium or magnesium,are classified as a _______.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D56. A fire may be spread by which of the following means? ______.A. Conduction of heat to adjacent surfacesB. Direct radiationC. ConventionsD. All of the above57. Hydrocarbon vapors are usually detected by the use of theA. flame safety lampB. combustible gas indicatorC. gasometerD. oxygen indicator58. The vapors given off heater fuel oil are flammable,explosive,andA. lighter than airB. heavier than airC. odorless(无臭的)D. carbon monoxide59. The four basic components of a fire are chain reaction , heat, fuel , andA. carbon monoxideB. oxygenC. carbon dioxideD. any gaseous substance60. When reentering an engine room that has been flooded with CO2, the investigating team should initially _____.A. leave the access door partially openB. enter from the lowest levelC. enter from the highest levelD. attempt to operate machinery61. Fire and lifeboat stations are required to be listed on the ______.A. ship’s articlesB. muster listC. bunk cardD. forecastle card62. The abandon ship signal sounded by the vessels whistle is ______.A. 6 short blasts and 1 long blastB. long blast more than 6 short blastsC. more than 6 short blasts and 1 long blastD. 1 long blast of at least 10 seconds63. Which one is not the personal safety equipment? ______.A. LifejacketsB. Survival at Sea manualC. LifeboatD. Torch64. The emulsion of the oil is mainly caused by ______.A. the solid impurities of large particleB. the solid impurities of fine particleC. the water contentD. both water and solid impurities65. The lowest temperature required to cause self-sustained combustion of a substance independent of any outside sourceof ignition is called ______.A. explosive rangeB. flash pointC. ignition temperatureD. combustion temperature66. Following a grounding, you can best determine that a slack fuel oil tank has been holed by ______.A. sounding the tankB. waiting for the vessel to listC. examining tank boundariesD. checking fuel oil strainers67. The lengthening of a crank formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by _______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack68. Reheating a hardening component to a temperature lower than the hardening temperature and then coolingit is known as _______.A. low temperature hardeningB. case hardeningC. annealingD. tempering69. _______, where the ship is docked for hull coating renewal, and for any other required underwater work tobe carried out, when the opportunity is taken to make other repairs.A. V oyage repairsB. Routine dockingC. Damage repairsD. Conversion70. Which of the following items don’t belong to dock repairworks? _______A. the S.W. outboard valvesB. the tailshaft L.O. stop valveC. the drain valve of the boilerD. propeller shaft sealing device71. When ship in the dock repairing, engine department should emphasize on the inspection of _______.A. sea valve chest, seavalve, thrusterB. bilge mother board, steering and the shaft systemC. sea water systemD. fresh water system72. When the vessel entering the dock, the first work that engineer should contact with the shipyard is _______.A. releasing the boiler waterB. the explosion detecting and cleaning for the fuel tankC. the docking project related itemD. shore power and fire fighting water supply w73. Which of the following items isn’t the preparatory work for the dock repair? ______.A. Making the repair list, booking spare parts and special tools for the dock repair.B. Shutting off all of the S.W. valves to outboard.C. The sketches or diagrams used for the dock repair.D. Cleaning up the oil tank and boiler before enter the dock74. The Port Authorities, in accordance with the IMO resolutions have been carrying out ______ to enhancesafety of ships.A. CPPB. FPPC. PSCD. FSC75. Enhanced procedures concerning the exercise of _______ have been developed to allow intervention inthe case of deficiencies deemed to pose a danger to persons, property or the environment.A. port state controlB. flag state controlC. fire and boat drillD. safety inspection76. During inspection of oil and oil and oily mixtures from machinery spaces, which of the following factors shouldbe taken into account by the PSCO? _______.A. The quantity of oil residues generatedB. The capacity of sludge and bilge water holding tankC. The capacity of the oily water separatorD. All of the above77. The conventions under which the port state control inspection is carried out include all the following expect _______.A. SOLAS 74B. MARPOL 73/78C. STCW78/95D. ISM Code78. The purpose of PSC is _______.A. to check and inspect foreign shipsB. to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventionsC. to fine shipsD. to detain ships79. During the PSC inspection under the provision of SOLAS74, which one may be regarded as clear grounds forships’ detainment? ________.A. Failure of proper operation of propulsionB. Paint peeling off the uptakeC. No operation procedures for the oil separatorsD. Damaged sanitary pump80. For a general cargo ship, _______ is not the necessary certificate/document that the PSCO will examine.A. Survey Report FileB. Minimum Safe Manning documentC. Certificates of CompetencyD. International Oil Pollution Prevention81. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all times bridge orders relating to changes in ______of operation are immediately implemented.A. ahead or asternB. fore or aftC. up or downD. speed or direction82. STCW78/95 states that the office in charge of the engineering watch is the ______ representative.A. ship-owner’sB. master’sC. chief engineer’sD. manager’s83. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer without delay ______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship’s speedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work84. The responsibilities of the engineer officer in charge of the watch do not include ______.A. to ensure the main propulsion plant are kept under constant surveillanceB. to ensure the auxiliary systems are kept under constant surveillanceC. to inspect the steering gear spaces at suitable intervalsD. to inspect and overhaul the equipment in his charge85. According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships,the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______.A. welcomeB. admitted in some special sea areasC. prohibitedD. acceptable86. Under the regulations implementing MARPOL, a mobile offshore drilling unit is required to have anInternational Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) certificate when the unit ______.A. is drilling on the Outer Continental ShelfB. moves to a new drilling location in U.S. watersC. engages in a voyage to a port of another country which is a party of MARPOLD. all of the above87. The oil discharge monitoring system in the oil tanker vessels is used for detecting the amount of oildischarged overboard to ensure that if does not exceed _______.A. 15 liters/ nautical mileB. 30 liters/ nautical mileC. 60 liters/ nautical mileD. 100 liters/ nautical mile88. The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the _______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency89. The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and their dispersement within the shipis governed by _______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above90. A Convention about safety of life at sea was adopted in 1974 which included a new amendment procedure,according to which an amendment shall enter into force _______.A.after being accepted by more than two thirds of the PartiesB.after being accepted by more than half of the PartiesC.within a specified period of time with no objectionsD.within a specified period of time with no exceptions91. _______ means a plan developed to ensure the application of measures on board the ship designed to protectpersons on board, cargo transport units, ship’s stores or the ship from the risks of a security incident.A. Ship security planB. Company security planC. Port facility security planD. National security plan92. The ship security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of developing and updating _______A. the ship security planB. the company security planC. the port security planD. the national security plan93. The company should establish procedures to ensure that the ship is maintained _______ the provisions ofthe relevant rules and regulations.A. out of accordance withB. in relation toC. in conformity withD. in connection with94. According to the functional requirements for a Safety Management System, every company should develop, _______and ______ a SMS.A. implement; verifyB. maintain; improveC. implement; maintainD. review; access95. According to Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, the maximum hours of work shall notex-ceed _______.A. 14 hours in any 24-hour periodB. 72 hours in any seven-day periodC. ten hours in any 24-hour periodD. 88 hours in any seven-day period96. ______ shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above to record relevantmachinery space and cargo/ballast operations.A. Record Book Part IB. Oil Record Book Part ⅡC. Oil Record Book Part I or Part ⅡD. Oil Record Book Part I and Par tⅡ97. Which of the following operations need NOT to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spaces through strainers;ⅡBunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. ⅡonlyC. both I and ⅡD. neither I nor Ⅱ98. Which of the following operations need to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I Ballast of fuel oil tanks; ⅡCondition of oil discharge monitoring and control systemA. I onlyB. ⅡonlyC. both I and ⅡD. neither I nor Ⅱ99. In the Oil Record Book, a comprehensive list of operational items are grouped into operational sections,Each section is codified by a/an _______.A. numberB. abbreviationC. letterD. all of the above100. According to Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, the minimum age at the time of the initial entry into force of this Convention is 16 years. Night work of seafarers under the age of ______ shall be prohibited.A. 18B. 16C. 22D.20。
2010年下学期八年级期末试卷及参考答案
晴 C .冰雹 A .雷阵雨 B .大雪 D .2010-2011学年度第一学期期末试卷八年级数学 2011.01(考试时间为120分钟 满分150分)一.选择题 (每题3分,共24分.每题的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合要求的,请将正确答案的序号填入下面的表格中)1.在天气预报图上,有各种各样表示天气的符号,下列表示天气符号的图形中,既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是2.如图,小手盖住的点的坐标可能为A .(46)--,B .(63)-,C . (52),D .(34)-, 3.下列各式中正确的是A .416±=B .9273-=-C .3)3(2-=-D .211412= 4.一个正方形的面积为28,则它的边长应在A .3到4之间B .4到5之间C .5到6之间D .6到7之间 5.顺次连结对角线互相垂直的等腰梯形四条边中点得到的四边形是A .平行四边形B .矩形C .菱形D .正方形6.若点),(1y a 、),1(2y a +在直线1+=kx y 上,且21y y >,则该直线所经过的象限是A .第一、二、三象限B .第一、二、四象限C .第二、三、四象限D .第一、三、四象限O yx第2题图7.如图所示,把一个正方形三次对折后沿虚线剪出图①,则图①展开的图形是8. 如图,是一块在电脑屏幕上出现的矩形色块图,由6个不同颜色的正方形组成,已知中间最小的一个正方形的边长为1,那么这个矩形色块图的面积为 A .142 B .143C .144D .145 二.填空题(每题3分,共30分.请把答案填写在答题框中,否则答题无效)9.平方根等于本身的数是 ▲ .10.把2取近似数并保留两个有效数字是 ▲ .11.已知:如图,E (-4,2),F (-1,-1),以O 为中心,把△EFO 旋转180°,则点E的对应点E ′的坐标为 ▲ .12.梯形的中位线长为3,高为2,则该梯形的面积为 ▲ .13.已知点),(11y x 、),(22y x 、……、),(n n y x 都在直线53-=x y 上,若这n 个点的横坐标的平均数为a ,则这n 个点的纵坐标的平均数为 ▲ .(用a 的代数式表示) 14.等腰梯形的上底是4cm ,下底是10cm ,一个底角是60,则等腰梯形的腰长是 ▲ cm .第11题图 第15题图 第16题图 BCD A15.如图,已知函数y ax b =+和y kx =的图象交于点P ,则二元一次方程组,y ax b y kx =+⎧⎨=⎩的解是 ▲ .16.在Rt △ABC 中,∠C =90°,AD 平分∠BAC 交BC 于D ,若BC =15,且BD ∶DC =3∶2,则D 到边AB 的距离是 ▲ .三.解答题(本大题共有10小题,共96分.解答时应写出文字说明证明过程或演算步骤) 19.(本题满分8分)(1)计算:4)21(803++-- (2)已知:9)1(2=-x ,求x 的值. 20.(本题满分8分)如图,已知一架竹梯AB 斜靠在墙角MON 处,竹梯AB =13m ,梯子底端离墙角的距离BO =5m .(1)求这个梯子顶端A 距地面有多高;(2)如果梯子的顶端A 下滑4 m 到点C ,那么梯子的底部B 在水平方向上滑动的距离BD =4 m 吗?为什么?OA CBD M N21.(本题满分8分)如图所示,每个小方格都是边长为1的正方形,以O 点为坐标原点建立平面直角坐标系.(1)画出四边形OABC 关于y 轴对称的四边形OA 1B 1C 1,并写出点B 1的坐标是 ;(2)画出四边形OABC 绕点O 顺时针方向旋转90°后得到的四边形OA 2B 2C 2;连结OB ,求出OB 旋转到OB 2所扫过部分图形的面积. 22.(本题满分8分)如图,点B 、E 、C 、F 在同一直线上,AB =DE ,∠B =∠DEF ,BE =CF .请说明:(1)△ABC ≌△DEF ;(2)四边形ACFD 是平行四边形.109 87 6 5 4 3 2 1 023.(本题满分10分)已知一次函数y kx b =+的图像经过点(-1,-5),且与正比例函数12y x =的图像相交于点(2,m ). (1)求m 的值;(2)求一次函数y kx b =+的解析式;(3)这两个函数图像与x 轴所围成的三角形面积. 24.(本题满分10分)甲、乙两人在相同条件下各射靶10次,每次射靶的成绩情况如左图所示(实线是甲,虚线是乙)(1)请填写右表;(2)请从下列三个不同的角度对测试结果进行分析:①从平均数和中位数结合看(谁的成绩好些);②从平均数和9环以上的次数看(谁的成绩好些);③从折线图上两人射击环数的走势看(分析谁更有潜力).25.(本题满分10分)已知有两张全等的矩形纸片.(1)将两张纸片叠合成如图1,请判断四边形ABCD 的形状,并说明理由; (2)设矩形的长是6,宽是3.当这两张纸片叠合成如图2时,菱形的面积最大,求此时菱形26.(本题满分10分)小明平时喜欢玩“QQ 农场”游戏,本学期八年级数学备课组组织了几次(1)以月份为x 轴,成绩为y轴,根据上表提供的数据在下列直角坐标系中描点;(2)观察①中所描点的位置关系,照这样的发展趋势........,猜想y 与x 之间的函数关系,并求出所猜想的函数表达式;(3)若小明继续沉溺于“QQ 农场”游戏,照这样的发展趋势,请你估计元月份的期末考试中小明的数学成绩,并用一句话对小明提出一些建议.111109如图1,BD 、CE 分别是△ABC 的外角平分线,过点A 作AF ⊥BD ,AG ⊥CE ,垂足分别为F 、G ,连结FG ,延长AF 、AG ,与直线BC 相交于M 、N .(1)试说明:FG =21(AB +BC +AC ); (2)如图2,若BD 、CE 分别是△ABC 的内角平分线,则线段FG 与△ABC 三边又有怎样的数量关系?请写出你的猜想,并对其中的一种情况说明理由;(3)如图3,若BD 为△ABC 的内角平分线,CE 为△ABC 的外角平分线,则线段FG 与△ABC三边的数量关系是 .OC=22,BC=15,动点M从A点出发,以每秒一个单位长度的速度沿AB 向点B运动,同时动点N从C点出发,以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿CO向O点运动.当其中一个动点运动到终点时,两个动点都停止运动.(1)求B点坐标;(2)设运动时间为t秒;①当t为何值时,四边形OAMN的面积是梯形OABC面积的一半;②当t为何值时,四边形OAMN的面积最小,并求出最小面积;③若另有一动点P,在点M、N运动的同时,也从点A出发沿AO运动.在②的条件下,PM+PN的长度也刚好最小,求动点P八年级数学参考答案一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分)二、填空题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)9、0 10、1.4 11、(4,-2) 12、6 13、3a -5 14、615、⎩⎨⎧-=-=24y x 16、6 17、40°、70°或100° 18、-3≤b ≤0三、解答题(本大题共10小题,共96分.)19、(1)解:原式=-2-1+2 ………3分 (2)解:由9)1(2=-x 得,=-1 ………4分 x -1=3或x -1=-3 ……6分 ∴x=4或x=-2 ……8分20、解:(1)∵AO ⊥DO (2)滑动不等于4 m ∵AC=4m∴AO=22BO AB - ……2分 ∴OC=A O -AC=8m ……5分=22513-=12m ……4分 ∴OD=22OC CD -∴梯子顶端距地面12m 高。
衡水中学2010-2011学年度第二学期高二历史期末考试
衡水中学2010-2011学年度第二学期期末考试高二年级历史试卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
共14页,满分100分。
考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一. 选择题(下列每小题所给选项只有一项符合题意,请将正确答案的序号填涂在答题卡上。
每小题1分,共50分。
)1.在阅读历史文献时,常常会遇到这样一种现象,作者在文章中凡是涉及到本朝的皇帝、自己的长辈及尊崇的人名时,每每避而不用该字,而以改字、空格、缺笔等方法代替。
这种现象就是避讳。
下列有关避讳制度的说法正确的是①避讳现象反映了专制制度、等级制度和宗法思想对国人的深刻影响②反映了国人尊贤敬老的传统美德③避讳给人们阅读和理解文献、辨别真相带来许多麻烦④借助避讳知识可以考证文献真伪和历史事实A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②③④2.王国维在《殷周制度论》中说:“故天子诸侯之传世也,继统法之立子与立嫡也……立贤之利过于立嫡,人才之用优于资格,而终不以此易彼者,盖惧夫名之可藉,而争之易生,其弊将不可胜穷。
”王国维这段话的主要含义是A.指出嫡长子继承制的弱点B.认为嫡长子继承制的出现具有历史必然性C.认为没有比嫡长子继承制更好的权力交接制度了D.认为嫡长子继承制不符合历史发展规律3.某次考古活动中发掘出古代刻石一方,上有刻文:“追念乱世,分土建邦……乃今皇帝,一家天下,兵不复起。
”据此得出的历史信息不符合史实的是A.“乱世”与“分土建邦”有着直接的内在因果关系B.秦始皇兼并天下,建立起统一的封建王朝C.“家天下”结束了乱世,彻底消除了由分土建邦带来的割据战乱D.这块刻石最早也要出现在秦代4.《史记•秦始皇本纪》载:秦始皇二十六年(前 221)下令“更名民曰黔首”。
秦始皇三十一年(前227)下令“使黔首自实田”。
黔首之称,在战国时已经广泛使用,含义与当时常见的“民”、“庶民”相同。
下列选项中同属于对百姓称呼的是①黎庶②苍生③优伶④氓A.②③④B.①②④C.①③④D.①②③④5.“汉朝早期,统治者试图在周朝松散的政治联盟和秦朝严格的中央专制间走一条中间路线。
2010级C语言期末考试试卷(A卷)
桂林电子科技大学信息科技学院试卷2010-2011 学年第 2 学期课号I04BT014课程名称C语言程序设计(A卷;、闭卷)适用班级(或年级、专业)10级、全院一单项选择题(每题2分,共40分)1 以下叙述正确的是。
A C程序基本组成单位是语句B 简单C语句必须以分号作为结束符C C程序每一行只能写一个语句D 注释语句可以嵌套2 设a和b均为int型变量,则执行以下语句后的输出为。
int a=20; int b=3; printf("%d\n",a+=(b%=2));A 0B 20C 21D 223 设int型占2个字节,且int i=-2;,则语句printf("%u",i);的输出结果为。
A -2B -32768C 65535D 655344 以下程序运行后的输出结果是。
main(){ double d=3.2; int x,y;x=1.2; y=(x+3.8)/5.0;printf("%d\n",d*y);}A 0B 3C 3.07D 3.25 以下程序运行后的输出结果是。
main(){ int a=2,b=-1,c=2;if(a<b)if(b<0) c=0;else c++;printf("%d\n",c);}A 0B 1C 2D 36 以下程序的执行结果是。
main(){ int n=9;while(n>6) { n--; printf("%d",n); }}A 987B 9876C 8765D 876void main(){ int x=15,y=21,z=0;switch (x/8){ case 2: z=z+1;break;case 1: z=z+1;switch (y/21){ default : z=z+1;case 0: z=z+1;break;}}printf("%d\n",z);}A 4B 3C 2D 18 以下程序的输出结果是。
C语言程序设计 海滨学院期末考试试卷(2010-2011 第二学期)(B)
北京交通大学海滨学院考试试题(B 卷)课程名称:C语言程序设计 2010-2011学年第二学期出题教师:计算机教学组专业:班级:姓名:学号:答题说明:本试卷共有六道大题,要求所有解答均写在答题卡上,否则无效。
上交试卷时按照发试卷时候的顺序整理试卷,平铺展开上交。
一、选择题(本题共30道题目,每题1分,共30分)1.以下叙述中正确的是()。
A)C语言比其他语言高级。
B)C语言可以不用编译就能被计算机识别执行。
C)C语言以接近英语国家的自然语言和数学语言作为语言的表达形式。
D)C语言出现的最晚,具有其他语言的一切优点。
2.算法是为解决某特定问题而采取的确定且有限的步骤,下面不属于算法的五个特性的是()。
A)有零个输入或多个输入 B)高效性C)有穷性 D)确定性3.表达式3.6-5/2+1.2+5%2的值是()。
A)4.3 B) 4.8 C) 3.3 D) 3.84.C语言中的标识符只能由字母,数字和下划线三种字符组成,且第一个字符()。
A)必须为字母 B)必须为下划线C)必须为字母或下划线 D)可以是字母,数字和下划线中任一字符5.下列数据中,不合法的C语言实型数据的是()。
A)0.123 B)123e3 C)2.1e3.5 D)789.06.若有说明语句:char c='\72';则变量c()。
A)包含1个字符 B)包含2个字符C)包含3个字符 D)说明不合法,c的值不确定7.若有定义:int a=7;float x=2.5,y=4.7; 则表达式x+a%3*(int)(x+y)%2/4的值是()。
A)2.500000 B)2.750000C)3.500000 D)0.0000008.下列可用于C语言用户标识符的一组是()。
A)void, define, WORD B)a3_b3, _123,CarC)For, -abc, IF Case D)2a, DO, sizeof9.以下不正确的叙述是()。
2010-2011八年级下学期期末试卷数学
ACDB 建阳市2010—2011学年第二学期期末考八年级数学试题(满分150分,考试时间:120分钟)一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分) 1.若分式21x -有意义,则x 的取值范围是( )A .x ≠1B .x>1C . x=1D .x<1) A .小林 B .一样 C .小王 D .无法判断3.一组数28,29.4,31.9,27,28.8,34.1,29.4的极差是( )A 、2.5B 、7.1C 、4.7D 、2.54.下列运算中,错误..的是( ) A.(0)aacc bbc=≠ B.1a ba b--=-+ C.a bb aa b b a --=++D.319632-=+--a a a a5.下列给出的三边长,,a b c 中,不能..构成直角三角形的是( ) A.a=1,b=2,c = B .a=1,b=2,c=5; C.1,a b c ===D.a=1,b=2,c =.6.反比例函数1y x=-的图象位于( )A. 第一、三象限B. 第二、四象限C. 第一、四象限D. 第二、三象限7.某村粮食产量为1000吨,设该村人口数为x ,人均占有粮食为y (吨),则反映y 与x 之间的函数关系的图象大致为下图中的 ( )8.菱形O A B C 在平面直角坐标系中的位置如图所示,∠AOC=30°,OC = 2 ,则点B 的坐标为( ) A .(23,1) B .(1,23)C .(23+,1)D .(1,23+)(第8题图)xyB AC O(第10题图)4x 9.如图,矩形A B C D 的两条对角线相交于点O ,∠AOB =60°,AB =2,则矩形的对角线AC的长是( ) A .2B.4C .D .10.正比例函数y=x (x ≥0)和反比例函数y=x4(x >0)的图像如图所示,则结论:①两函数图像的交点A 的坐标为(2、2); ②当x ﹥2时,反比例函数值大于正比例函数值; ③当x=1时,BC=3;④当x 逐渐增大时,正比例函数的值随x 的增大而增大, 反比例函数的值随x 的增大而减小. 其中正确结论的序号是( )A .①②③B .①④C .②③④D .①③④二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分)11、用科学记数法表示0.0000508为 .12、命题“同旁内角互补,两直线平行”的逆命题是______________________________ . 13、(16)-1,(-2)0,(-3)2这三个数中,最大的数是________________(写原数)14.直角三角形斜边上的中线和斜边上的高分别为5cm 和6cm ,则这个直角三角形的面积为 cm 2.15、如果一个等腰梯形的两底长分别为7cm 、17cm ,腰长为13cm ,那么这个梯形的面积为_________ cm 216.如图,在四边形ABCD 中,P 是对角线BD 的中点,E,F 分别是AB,CD 的中点,AD=BC,∠PEF=18°, 则∠PFE 的度数是 °.O D CA B第9题17.反比例函数y= -5x的图像如图所示,P 是图像上的任意点,过点P 分别做两坐标轴的垂线,与坐标轴构成矩形OAPB ,点D 是对角线OP 上的动点,连接DA 、DB ,则图中阴影部分的面积是 .18.如图,在正方形ABCD 的边AB 上连接等腰直角三角形,然后在等腰直角三角形的直角边上连接正方形,无限重复上述过程,如果第一个正方形ABCD 的边长为1,那么第n 个正方形的面积为 .三、解答题(共86分) 19.(8分) 解分式方程:3131=---xx x20.(8分)先化简,再求值:211122x x x -⎛⎫-÷⎪++⎝⎭,其中2x =.21.(8分)某工程队承接了3000米的修路任务,在修好600米后,引进了新设备,工作效率是原来的2倍,一共用30天完成了任务.求引进新设备前平均每天修路多少米.(第18题图)DCB A22.(8分)如图, 在平行四边形ABCD中,E、F是对角线AC上的点, 且AE=CF 求证:四边形EBFD是平行四边形23.(8分)如图矩形ABCD, 对角线交于O,DE∥AC, CE∥BD, 判断四边形OCED的形状,并证明你的结论。
2011-2012学年度下学期2010级期末 物理 试卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,试卷满分为100分.考试时间为90分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共40分)一、选择题(本题共10小题,每题4分,共40分.有的小题只有一个选项正确,有的小题有多个选项正确,把正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内)图11.如图1所示,甲分子固定在坐标原点O ,乙分子沿x 轴运动,两分子间的分子势能E p与两分子间距离的关系如图1中曲线所示.图中分子势能的最小值为-E 0.若两分子所具有的总能量为0,则下列说法中正确的是( )A .乙分子在P 点(x =x 2)时加速度最大B .乙分子在P 点(x =x 2)时,其动能为E 0C .乙分子在Q 点(x =x 1)时,处于平衡状态D .乙分子的运动范围为x ≥x 12.一滴油酸酒精溶液含质量为m 的纯油酸,滴在液面上扩散后形成的最大面积为S .已知纯油酸的摩尔质量为M 、密度为ρ,阿伏加德罗常数为N A ,下列表达式正确的有( )A .油酸分子的直径d =MρSB .油酸分子的直径d =mρSC .油酸所含的分子数n =mM N AD .油酸所含的分子数n =MmN A3.分子动理论较好地解释了物质的宏观热力学性质.据此可判断下列说法中错误的是( )A .显微镜下观察到墨水中的小炭粒在不停地做无规则运动,这反映了液体分子运动的无规则性B .分子间的相互作用力随着分子间距离的增大,一定先减小后增大C .分子势能随着分子间距离的增大,可能先减小后增大D .在真空、高温条件下,可以利用分子扩散向半导体材料掺入其他元素 4对于自由落体运动,下列说法正确的是 ( ) A.在前1s 内、前2s 内、前3s 内……的位移之比是1∶3∶5∶… B.在第1s 末、第2s 末、第3s 末的速度之比是1∶3∶ 5 C.在第1s 内、第2s 内、第3s 内的平均速度之比是1∶3∶5D.在相邻两个1s 内的位移之差都是9.8m5.(2009·重庆高考)密闭有空气的薄塑料瓶因降温而变扁,此过程中瓶内空气(不计分子势能)( )A .内能增大,放出热量B .内能减小,吸收热量C .内能增大,对外界做功D .内能减小,外界对其做功6.(2009·四川高考)关于热力学定律,下列说法正确的是( ) A .在一定条件下物体的温度可以降到0 K B .物体从单一热源吸收的热量可全部用于做功 C .吸收了热量的物体,其内能一定增加7.某一物体作匀变速直线运动,测得它在s 1位移中所需的时间是t 1,紧接着t 2时间中的平均速度是v ,那么该物体的加速度是:( )A.)()(221111t t t s vt +- B. 22112)()(2t t t s vt +- C. 22112)()(t t s vt ++ D. 22112)()(t t s vt +- 2011-2012学年度下学期2010级期末 物理 试卷满分100分 时间:90分钟 命题人: 物理组8.(2009·福建高考)一定质量的理想气体在某一过程中,外界对气体做功7.0×104 J,气体内能减少1.3×105 J,则此过程()A.气体从外界吸收热量2.0×105 JB.气体向外界放出热量2.0×105 JC.气体从外界吸收热量6.0×104 JD.气体向外界放出热量6.0×104 J9.(2009·辽宁/宁夏高考)带有活塞的气缸内封闭一定量的理想气体.气体开始处于状态a,然后经过过程ab到达状态b或经过过程ac到达状态c,b、c状态温度相同,如V—T图所示.设气体在状态b和状态c的压强分别为p b和p c,在过程ab和ac中吸收的热量分别为Q ab和Q ac,则()A.p b>p c,Q ab>Q ac B.p b>p c,Q ab<Q acC.p b<p c,Q ab>Q ac D.p b<p c,Q ab<Q ac10.两个质点甲与乙,同时由同一地点向同一方向做直线运动,它们的速度一时间图象如图1所示.则下列说法中正确的是()A.第4 s末甲、乙将会相遇B.在第2 s末甲、乙速度相等C.在前2 s内,甲的平均速度比乙的大D.甲的加速度为5m/s2第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共60分)二、填空题(本题共2小题,共17分)图311.(2009·广东高考)(8分)(1)远古时代,取火是一件困难的事,火一般产生于雷击或磷的自燃.随着人类文明的进步,出现了“钻木取火”等方法.“钻木取火”是通过________方式改变物体的内能,把________转变成内能.(2)某同学做了一个小实验:先把空的烧瓶放入冰箱冷冻,一小时后取出烧瓶,并迅速把一个气球紧密地套在瓶颈上,然后将烧瓶放进盛满热水的烧杯里,气球逐渐膨胀起来,如图 3.这是因为烧瓶里的气体吸收了水的________,温度________,体积________.12、(9分)在测定匀变速直线运动的加速度的实验中,用打点计时器记录纸带运动的时间,计时器所用的电源的频率为50Hz,图5为做匀变速直线运动的小车带动的纸带上记录的一些点,在每相邻的两点中间都有四个点未画出,按打点先后顺序取0、1、2、3、4、5六个点,用刻度尺量出1、2、3、4、5点到0点的距离分别是(单位:cm)8.78,16.08,21.87,26.16,28.94,由此可得出小车的加速度大小为_______m/s2,加速度的方向与速度方向(填“相同”或“相反”),经过2点时速度为______.(结果保留三位有效数字..........)三、计算题(本题共4小题,13题8分14题10分,15题12分16题各13分,共43分,计算时必须有必要的文字说明和解题步骤,有数值计算的要注明单位)13.一辆汽车以72km/h 速率行驶,现因故紧急刹车并最终停止运动,已知汽车刹车过程加速度图1图5的大小为5m/s2,则从开始刹车经过5s,汽车通过的位移是多大?14.新华社北京2008年11月12日电:在中国探月工程一期即“嫦娥一号”圆满成功的同时,中国探月工程二期也已启动.其中,嫦娥二号卫星将于2011年底前完成发射.已知大气压强是由于大气的重力而产生的,某学校兴趣小组的同学,通过查资料知道:月球半径R=1.7×106 m,月球表面重力加速度g=1.6 m/s2.为开发月球的需要,设想在月球表面覆盖一层厚度为h的大气,使月球表面附近的大气压达到p0=1.0×105 Pa,已知大气层厚度h=1.3×103 m比月球半径小得(2)当气体温度达到1.8T1时气体的压强.多,假设月球表面初始没有空气.试估算(1)应在月球表面添加的大气层的总质量m;(2)月球大气层的分子数为多少?(3)分子间的距离为多少?(空气的平均摩尔质量M=2.9×10-2kg/mol,阿伏加德罗常数N A=6.0×1023 mol-1)15.跳伞运动员做低空跳伞表演,他在离地面323 m高处,由静止开始在竖直方向做自由落体运动.一段时间后,立即打开降落伞,以12.5 m/s2的平均加速度匀减速下降,为了运动员的安全,要求运动员落地速度最大不得超过5 m/s.(g=10m/s2)(1)求运动员展开伞时,离地面高度至少为多少?着地时相当于从多高处自由落下?(2)求运动员在空中的最短时间是多少?.16.如图6,一根粗细均匀、内壁光滑、竖直放置的玻璃管下端密封,上端封闭但留有一抽气孔.管内下部被活塞封住一定量的气体(可视为理想气体),气体温度为T1.开始时,将活塞上方的气体缓慢抽出,当活塞上方的压强达到p0时,活塞下方气体的体积为V1,活塞上方玻璃管的容积为2.6V1.活塞因重力而产生的压强为0.5p0.继续将活塞上方抽成真空并密封.整个抽气过程中管内气体温度始终保持不变.然后将密封的气体缓慢加热.求:(1)活塞刚碰到玻璃管顶部时气体的温度;。
2010-2011年下学期八年级数学期末考试试卷人教版
2010-2011学年第二学期期末教学质量检测模拟卷八年级数学一、选择题(每小题3分,共27分) 1、若关于x 的方程2321--=+-x x k x 有增根。
则k= 。
2)3、若函数221(1)mm y m x --=-是反比例函数,则m 的值是( )A 、1B 、0C 、2D 、0或24、已知三点111()P x y ,,222()P x y ,,3(12)P -,都在反比例函数k y x=的图象上,若10x <,20x >,则下列式子正确的是( )A .120y y <<B .120y y <<C .120y y >>D .120y y >>5、2002年8月在北京召开的国际数学家大会会徽如图所示,它由四个相同的直角三角形拼成,若较长直角边为3,较短直角边为2,则图中大正方形与小正方形的面积之比是( )A 、3∶2B 、13∶1C 、12∶1D 、169∶16、某班七个学习小组人数如下:5,5,6,x ,7,7,8。
已知这组数据的平均数是6,则这组数据的中位数是( )A 、7B 、6C 、5.5D 、5 7、样本数据3,6,a ,4,2的平均数是5,则这个样本的方差是( )A .8B .5C .3D .8、如图,以等边ABC ∆的边AC 为边,向外作正方形ACDE ,连接CE ,则①︒=∠105BCE ;②︒=∠150BAE ;③BD BE =;④︒=∠30DBE 。
其中正确结论的个数是( ) A .4个 B .3个 C .2个 D .1个9、如图,在梯形ABCD 中,AD//BC ,对角线AC B D ⊥,且AC =12,BD =9,则该梯形的面积为( )A 、108 B 、54 C 、18 D 、60二、填空题(每小题4分,共33分) 10、已知:y 与1-x 成反比例,当12x =时,31-=y ,那么当2=x 时,y 的值为11、如图,ABC Rt ∆中,5,12==BC AC ,分别以AB 、BC 、AC 为直径作三个半圆,则阴影部分的面积是12、如图是用一平行四边形纸条沿对边AB 、CD 的中点E 、F 所在直线折成的V 形图案, 已知图中∠1=600,则∠2的度数是 。
2010—2011学年下学期八年级期末数学试卷及参考答案
2010—2011学年度第二学期期末试卷八年级数学(满分:150分 测试时间:120分钟)题号 一 二 三 总分 合分人1-8 9-18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 得分一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分,每小题仅有一个答案正确,请把你认为正确的答案前的字母填 入下表相应的空格 )1、若分式25x -有意义...,则x 的取值范围是 ( ) A .5x > B .5x ≠ C .5x ≠- D .5x >-2、一个不透明的布袋装有4个只有颜色不同的球,其中2个红球,1个白球,1个黑球,搅匀后从布袋里摸出1个球,摸到红球的概率是 ( ) A .12 B .13 C .14 D .163、下列命题是假命题的是 ( ) A .等角的余角相等 B .直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半 C .对顶角相等 D .三角形的一个外角等于两个内角之和4、不等式26x -≤0的自然数解的个数为 ( ) A .1个 B .2个 C .3个 D .4个5、已知反比例函数xky =的图象过点P (1,3),则该反比例函数图象位于( ) A .第一、二象限 B .第一、三象限 C .第二、四象限 D .第三、四象限 6、小刚身高1.7m ,测得他站立在阳光下的影长为0.85m ,紧接着他把手臂竖直举起 测得影长为1.1m ,那么小刚举起手臂超出头顶 ( ) A .0.5m B .0.55m C .0.6m D .2.2m7、进入防汛期后,某市对4800米的河堤进行了加固。
施工队每天比原计划多修80米,结题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案2011.06果提前2天完成任务,问原计划每天加固多少米?若设原计划每天加固x 米,则所列方程正确的是 ( )A .48004800280x x -=+ B .48004800280x x -=+ C .48004800280x x -=- D .48004800280x x -=- 8、如图,在矩形ABCD 中,AB=4cm ,AD=12cm ,点P 在AD 边上以每秒lcm 的速度从点A 向点D 运动,点Q 在BC 边上,以每秒4cm 的速度从点C 出发,在CB 间往返..运动,两个点同时出发,当点P 到达点D 时停止(同时点Q 也停止),在这段时间内,线段PQ 有多少次平行于AB : ( )A .1B .2C .3D .4二、填空题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分,把答案填在题目中的横线上) 9、命题“对顶角相等”的逆命题是 。
高二化学下学期期末模拟一
安丘二中2010级下学期期末考试化学试题一选择题(每题只有一个选项符合题意,1-8每个2分,9-16每个3分,共40分)1、下列与化学概念有关的说法正确的是A.化合反应均为氧化还原反应B.金属氧化物均为碱性氧化物C.向沸水中逐滴加入少量饱和FeCl3溶液,可制得Fe(OH)3胶体D.石油是混合物,其分馏产品汽油为纯净物2、下列与有机物的结构、性质有关的叙述正确的是A.苯、油脂均不能使酸性KMnO,溶液褪色B.甲烷和Cl2的反应与乙烯和Br2的反应属于同一类型的反应C.葡萄糖、果糖的分子式均为C6H12O6,二者互为同分异构休D.乙醇、乙酸均能与Na反应放出H2,二者分子中官能团相同3、下列各反应中,水既不是氧化剂,又不是还原剂,且反应属于氧化还原反应的是A.氟气和水B.铝与氢氧化钠溶液C.二氧化氮和水D.五氧化二磷与冷水4、下列实验操作或实验结论正确的是A.用CCl4作萃取剂直接从海带中提取I2B.实验室制硝基苯时,将硝酸与苯混合后再滴加浓硫酸C.实验室制溴苯时,将苯与液溴混合后加到有铁丝的反应容器中D.实验室制乙酸丁酯时,用水浴加热5、用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述中不正确...的是( )A.分子总数为N A的NO2和CO2混合气体中含有的氧原子数为2N AB.28 g乙烯和环丁烷(C4H8)的混合气体中含有的碳原子数为2N AC.常温常压下,92 g的NO2和N2O4混合气体含有的原子数为6N AD.常温常压下,22.4 L氯气与足量镁粉充分反应,转移的电子数为2N A6、下列说法正确的是A.天然植物油常温下一般呈液态,难溶于水.有恒定的熔点、沸点B.麦芽糖与蔗糖的水解产物均含葡萄糖,故二者均为还原型二糖C.若两种二肽互为同分异构体,则二者的水解产物不一致D.乙醛、氯乙烯和乙二醇均可作为合成聚合物的单体7、(2012全国)橙花醇具有玫瑰及苹果香气,可作为香料,其结构简式如下:下列关于橙花醇的叙述,错误的是 A .既能发生取代反应,也能发生加成反应B .在浓硫酸催化下加热脱水,可以生成不止一种四烯烃C .1mol 橙花醇在氧气中充分燃烧,需消耗470.4L 氧气(标准状况)D . 1mol 橙花醇在室温下与溴的四氯化碳溶液反应,最多消耗240g 溴 8、下列应用不涉及氧化还原反应的是A .Na 2O 2用作呼吸面具的供氧剂B .工业上电解熔融状态的Al 2O 3制备AlC .工业上利用合成氨实现人工固氮D .实验室用NH 4Cl 和Ca(OH) 2制备NH 3 9、设N A 为阿伏伽德罗常数的值。
2010级2010-2011学年下学期期末测试
2010级2010-2011学年下学期期末测试高一化学本试卷分选择题非选择题两部分,共100分,考试时间90分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量: H:1 C:12 O:16 S:32 Br:80一.选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意,本题包括16个小题,每题3分,共48分)1.19世纪中叶,俄国化学家门捷列夫对化学学科的巨大贡献是A.提出了原子学说B.提出了元素周期律C.提出了分子学说D.制定了科学的元素周期表2、通常用于衡量一个国家石油化工发展水平的标志是A.石油的产量 B.乙烯的产量C.天然气的产量 D.汽油的产量3.正确掌握化学用语是学好化学的基础。
下列化学用语中正确的是A.乙烯的结构简式为CH2CH2 B.乙醇的结构简式C2H6OC.Ca2+的结构示意图为 D.羟基的电子式:4.下列说法不.正确的是A.16O、18O互为同位素 B.金刚石和石墨互为同素异形体C.分子式符合通式C n H2n+2且n值不同的两种烃互为同系物D.互为同分异构体5.美国科学家将铅和氪两种元素的原子核对撞,获得了一种质子数为118,质量数为293的新元素,则该元素原子核内的中子数和核外电子数之差为A.57 B.47 C.61 D.1756、有机物种类繁多的主要原因是()。
A、自然界中存在着多种形式的、大量的有机物B、有机物的分子结构十分复杂C、碳原子能与其他原子形成四个共价键,且碳原子之间也能相互成键D、有机物除含碳元素外,还含有其他多种元素7.某有机物的结构简式为CH2=CH —CH2OH。
下列关于该有机物的叙述不正确...的是 A.能与金属钠发生反应并放出氢气B.此有机物中有三种官能团:碳碳双键、羟基、甲基C.能在催化剂作用下与H2发生加成反应D.在浓H2SO4催化下能与乙酸发生酯化反应8.自然界为人类提供了多种多样的营养物质,下列有关营养物质的说法正确的是A.蔗糖、淀粉、油脂等都可以发生水解反应B.摄入人体的纤维素在酶的作用下能水解为葡萄糖C.糖类、蛋白质、油脂都属于天然高分子化合物D.所有糖类物质都有甜味,但不一定都溶于水9.可逆反应2SO2+O22SO3在密闭容器中达到了平衡,下列说法正确的是A.SO2和O2不再化合,反应停止了B.容器内压强保持不变C.SO2、O2和SO3的浓度相等D.SO2、O2和SO3的物质的量之比为2:1:210.下列各组液体混合物,能用分液漏斗分离的是A.乙酸乙酯和乙醇 B.苯和溴苯C.苯和水 D.乙醇和水11.下列关于右图所示装置的叙述,不正确的....是A.铁是负极,铁失去电子形成Fe2+进入溶液B.铁片质量逐渐减少,碳棒上有气泡产生C.电流由铁片经导线沿外电路流向碳棒D.该装置总的化学反应为2442Fe+H SO FeSO+H==↑12、下列说法正确的是A.反应是放热还是吸热是由反应物和生成物所具有的能量的相对大小决定的B.放热反应在常温下一定容易进行C.需加热才能发生的反应一定是吸热反应D.质量数相同的原子,其化学性质也一定相同13.下列反应中,属于取代反应的是①CH3CH=CH2+Br 2CH3CHBrCH2Br②CH3CH2OH CH2=CH2+H2O③CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O④C6H6+HNO 3C6H5NO2+H2OA. ①②B.③④C.①③D.②④14.分子式为C5H11Br的同分异构体共有(不考虑立体异构)A.6种B.7种C. 8种D.9种15、常温常压下,取下列四种有机物各1mol,分别在足量的氧气中燃烧,消耗氧气最多的是()A.C2H5OH B.CH4C.C3H8O2D.C2H4O16、下列性质的递变规律不正确...的是A.NaOH、KOH、CsOH碱性依次增强B.HC1O4、H2SO4、H3PO4的酸性依次减弱C.HCl、H2S、PH3稳定性依次减弱D. Al、Mg、Na的原子半径依次减小二.(本题包括7大题,共52分.)17.(6分)合理、高效利用金属矿物,将其中的金属从其化合物中还原出来用于生产和制造各种金属材料,这一过程在工业上称为金属的冶炼。
