托福听力新题TPO 64Test题目+听力原文
Conversation11.What are the speakers mainly discussing?A.A paper the woman is writing about a philosopherB.A disagreement between two philosophers about a termC.The interpretation of a term used in a philosopher's workD.The professors opinion about a philosopher2.Why does the professor ask the woman about the early Middle Ages?A.To elicit an example of a grand narrativeB.To make a point about changes in tech no logyC.To encourage her to compare two grand narrativesD.To present an example that contradicts Lyotard's ideas3.What points does the professor make about scientific progress? Click on2answers.A.Historically people have believed that it improves the world.B.According to Lyotard,it has caused more harm than goodC.It is part of a grand narrative that has changed over timeD.According to Lyotard it‘s benefits should be questioned4.Why does the woman mention pollution?A.To demonstrate the problem with Lyotard's claimB.To ask how important it is in Lyotard's argumentC.To illustrate the negative effects of technologyD.To introduce another grand narrative5.What does the professor mean when he says this:A.He is going to change the topic of the conversationB.He is going to challenge the woman's belief.C.He wants to clarify the time period in question.D.He wants to correct a statement he made earlier.1.What is the lecture mainly aboutA.Advantages that countries can gain by making their own goodsB.equalities that lead to trade imbalances between countriesC.Cost and efficiency concepts that help determine trade decisionsD.Ways in which local surpluses can affect international trade2.Why does the professor talk about growing bananas in countries with tropicalclimates?A.To show how opportunity costs affect agricultural productionB.To explain how demand for a product determines its costC.To decide how domestic shortages are createdD.To illustrate the concept of absolute advantage3.According to the professor,what indicates that a country has an absoluteadvantage in trade?A.It can produce an item more efficiently than other countries.B.It is wealthy enough to import everything that it needs.C.It consistently exports more than it importsD.It does not have to import any goods from other countries4.The professor gives an example of two countries that produce televisions andchairs.What does she predict will happen if the economic decisions of both countries are based on the principle of comparative advantage?Click on2answersA.The prices of televisions and chairs will go down in both countriesB.More chairs and televisions will be manufactured in each country.C.Imports of televisions and chairs will decrease in each countryD.The total supply of televisions and chairs will increase in both countries5.Why does the professor talk about going to the movies?A.To demonstrate the difference between absolute and comparative advantageB.To provide an example to help explain the concept of opportunity costsC.To illustrate the advantages of specialization in the entertainment industryD.To show that economic theories do not always apply on a personal level6.Why does the professor say this:A.To reassure the students that the example will help illustrate her pointB.To apologize to the students for using an example that is difficult to understandC.To prepare the class for a shift to a new topicD.To return to a point she made earlier1.What is the lecture mainly aboutA.A weather phenomenon associated with continental polar air massesB.A recent study comparing snowfall statistics in different regionsC.Ways in which air masses interact to create different types of precipitationD.The formation of continental polar air masses in northern and Arctic regions2.According to the professor,what is true of a continental polar air mass when itforms?Click on2answers.A.Its temperature is fairly consistentB.It has low levels of humidity.C.It is somewhat turbulent.D.It moves north toward cold regions.ke Superior is the northernmost Great Lake Compared with the other GreatLakes,what can be inferred aboutLake Superior based on its location?A.It does not produce as many clouds that can rise into a polar air mass.B.The cities on its downwind shores receive more snow compared to cities nearother lakes.C.There is a greater difference between its temperature and that of the landsurrounding it.D.he lake-effect snowstorms that it produces tend to be less intense than storms nearother lakes4.The professor describes the process by which someone in the Middle Agesbecame a master of a trade Put the steps in the correct order.Click on a phrase Then drag it to the space where it belongs1234Heavy snowstorms occur when the polar air mass hits land.A.The polar air mass becomes unstableB.The lakes absorb large amounts of energy from the Sun and air.C.The polar air mass acquires heat and moisture from the lakes5.Why is Thunder Bay not very affected by lake-effect snow?A.It is located close to a lake that protects it.B.It is located on the northwestern shore of a lake.C.It is located in a region that is too warm to receive much snowD.It is located near a lake that is too small to produce much snow6.What is the professor's opinion about the future of lake-effect snowfalls?A.They will vary greatly from year to year.B.They will definitely become more frequent.C.They will begin occurring earlier in the year.D.It is possible they will occur less often than they do nowConversation21.Why does the student go to see the art gallery coordinator?A.To borrow some equipment for a showB.To find out when a student art exhibition will openC.To discuss the theme of a senior art exhibitionD.To arrange a suitable location for a work of art2.What has the student created for her senior art project?Click on2answersA.An oil paintingB.A picture frameC.A software programD.Abstract images3.What does the student imply about the use of a projector?A.It is necessary to achieve a particular visual illusion.B.it may interfere with visitors'ability to see other artworks.C.The projector will need to be hidden from viewD.The projector has to be attached to the wall at a particular height.4.How does the man intend to respond to the students worries about lighting?A.By lowering the lights in the whole galleryB.By adding lights over the students workC.By turning spotlights in a different directionD.By putting stronger lightbulb in a projector5.Why does the man say this:A.To find out if the student needs assistanceB.To express doubt about the projects practicalityC.To return the discussion to the original topicD.To suggest a solution to the students’problemLecture31.Why does the professor discuss Gila monsters?A.As an example of an animal that is highly venomousB.As an example of an animal that has adapted to living in desertsC.As an example of an animal that might seem difficult to classifyD.As an example of an animal whose behavior is not well understood2.What reason does the professor give for classifying Gila monsters as lizards?A.Their venom is more dangerous than snake venom.B.Their colors blend with the desert surroundingsC.They have skeletal features common to all lizards.D.They reproduce the same way as lizards do3.According to the professor,when do Gila monsters use their venom?A.When their efforts to hide from danger failB.When they are hunting large preyC.When they are digesting their foodD.When they are invading the territories of other Gila monsters4.Why does the professor mention chemical compounds in Gila monster venom?A.To support her argument that Gila monsters must be protectedB.To cite a practical use of Gila monster venomC.To support the idea that snakes and Gila monsters should be classified togetherD.To compare the strength of snake and Gila monster venom5.Why does the professor say this:A.To determine whether the students are familiar with Gila monstersB.To introduce a personal story about her hometownC.To challenge a statement from one of the studentsD.To encourage the students to do more research on animals from the Southwest6.Why does the student say this:A.To make sure that he is looking at the right pictureB.To suggest that the professor’s explanation needs to be clarifiedC.To give an example that supports what the professor has just saidD.To point out that the professor's description differs from the book's descriptionConversation1Listen to a conversation between a student and a philosophy professor.(F=female,M=male)M:Hi,Melissa,your rough draft for your paper is looking very promising so far.F:Thanks.I still have some reading to do.Post modernism is pretty challenging.So... M:well you're off to a good start.So anything else about the class or post modernism since we have a few minutes before my next appointment?F:Well,actually in class,you talked about a French philosopher,uh,Lyotard.You said he didn't believe in stories or something like that,that stories were invalid.M:Okay.I..I think I see,uh,first of all,you understand what he um,remember what Lyotard said about the uh,the grand narrative?F:Not really.M:Okay,have a seat.F:All right.It's not quite the same way you're thinking of narratives,not stories. Lyotard,not narrative as in a way of understanding the world.F:Um,I uh..M:How can I explain this uh,grand narrative...It's..It's like a an idea that that helps people make sense of history,like when you picture the early middle ages in Europe, what do you think?F:Okay,like,um,there weren't a lot of cultural achievements,then lots of wars,but not a lot of important art or books or anything,like it was the Dark Ages.M:All right,that that's a simple explanation of a time in history,right?Something that tends to be accepted or understood by most people.That makes it a grand narrative.Here's a more recent one:Scientific progress.E:Ah,ha.M:People look at important inventions throughout history,light bulbs,cars, computers.And we generally believe that there's an underlying universal truth,that modern technology makes the world better.It's been the belief for so long that people accept it as being true.We don't even think of it much.We just accept that modern technology has that effect.F:Well,it does make our lives better.M:All right.This is where Lyotard comes in.He believed we have to be careful about accepting ideas like that.He said these beliefs really oversimplify things and that we should think more critically.Are there times when technology would not be considered progress,where it doesn't bring improvement?F:Oh,I don't know,uh,pollution,but I..M:No..no,that's good.It would be hard to say pollution was a form of improving the world.F:But isn't pollution just a side effective of..?Oh!so it kind of goes against the grand narrative about technology.It it complicates things.M:Yeah.And that's a basic idea behind post modernism,that we should be skeptical of grand narratives because there's a good chance they re not completely true.F:You mean?M:Well,not to say there's no truth in grand narratives.Of course,it it's just that nothing is as simple and straightforward as it seems.We should look critically at the things we assume.F:Okay,I..I think I get it.Thanks.Lecture1Listen to part of a lecture in an economics class.The professor has been talking about international trade.(P=Professor,S=Student)P:OK,so let's recap from yesterday.Why do nations engage in international trade? Well,It's often because they have a surplus more than they need,and they also trade for the opposite reason when they have shortages and can't produce everything they want or need domestically.So these explanations are good as far as they go.But there's another scenario we need to discuss.And that is what if a country is capable of producing something it wants or needs,but it can also import that same product from another country?Now,how does the country decide whether to make the product itself or import it?OK,take an example.Um.Think about the bananas that you buy in the supermarket.If you look closely,you'll see that most bananas in the united states are imported,imported from countries with tropical climates.But the united states has warm regions.It has green houses.Clearly,it would be possible to grow bananas here. So why doesn't the US do that?Scott?S:Well,it's like a lot cheaper and more efficient for countries with tropical climates, for tropical countries to grow bananas,isn't it?I mean,they don't need greenhouses to grow bananas,and they're not so limited to certain regions.P:Okay,good.That's exactly right.Tropical countries.have what we call an h absolute advantage in producing bananas.Absolute advantage is the term we use when a country can produce more of a product using fewer resources.They're the most efficient producer of something.And the united states can't be that there with bananas.So it's better off specializing in other goods that it can make more efficiently. Let's take an example.Say we I have two Countries and say they each make only two products,and they trade only with each other.Simplistic I know.But well,you'll see where I'm going with this in a moment.OK.So as I was saying,two countries,twos products,one country can produce both products more efficiently than the other country.Should these two countries even trade at all?S:Uh,well,no,I mean,like,what's in it for the more efficient country?P:Well,what is in it for them?Let's,uh,well,let's call these countries um,X and Y. Country X makes both TVs and chairs more efficiently than country Y docs.It has an absolute advantage in producing both commodities.No question.But what economists also look at is relative efficiency.And from that perspective,we see that country X is a lot more efficient at making TVs than it is at making chairs and in country Y,Ah,well,it turns out they're more efficient at making chairs than TVs.So we say that country Y has a comparative advantage at chair making.And country X has a comparative advantage at TV making.So what should happen?Well,first,both countries should specialize in the production of just one thing.The product they're most efficient at making.Country X should make only TVs and country Y should make only chairs,then the two of them should trade.Specialization and trade aregoing to lead to increases in production and increased overall supply of goods and generally lower prices.Right?S:Professor,I still don't see how countries figure out when and where they have a comparative advantage.P;Well,you can't fully understand the concept of comparative advantage without also considering the related concept of opportunity cost.Opportunity cost is what you lose, uh,the options you have to give up in order to use your time and resources for something else.Countries can determine where their comparative advantages lie,uh, like making TVS instead of chairs by figuring out what they can make with the lowest opportunity cost.Ah,you know,maybe this will be clear if we apply it on a personal level.Now think about when you go out to a movie,your direct monetary cost is the price of the movie ticket.Right?But you also spend two hours at the theater.Your opportunity cost includes both,uh,whatever else you could have spent your money on.Um,ten candy bars may be and whatever else you could have accomplished during the time,you were watching the movie,uh,you might have completed your homework for this class,or you might have work two hours overtime at your job, thereby earning instead of spending money.See,these lost possibilities are your opportunity cost.Lecture2Listen to part of a lecture in an earth science class.As you know,from your reading and air masses,uh,it's a large body of air that's got uniform properties in terms of temperature and moisture.There are four types of air masses.And the one will concentrate on today is the continental polar air mass. Continental polar air masses originate form over continent near the poles over areas that are typically cold and dry.And it's the polar air masses from the arctic in northern Canada that largely influence weather patterns in the united states,especially in the eastern....east of the Rocky Mountains.Now,these continental polar air masses are not generally associated with heavy precipitation.In fact,since they generally remain dry and cold throughout their track across north America,they bring the mostly clear skies and cooler temperatures we see throughout most of the eastern united states during the winter months.However,when a polar air mass sweeps across the great lakes region in late autumn and winter,it can bring extremely heavy snow falls to that region.We refer to the snow storms as lake effect snows,snows whose moisture comes from the great lakes themselves.Let me explain how this happens.But first,here's a map of the region.You see Rochester on the southern shore of lake Ontario and buffalo and the far eastern shore of lake Erie.These two cities are among the snowiest cities in America,thanks largely to the lake effect.Over one recent ten year period,Rochester and Buffalo each received like twenty seven meters of snow.It's nearly ninety feet.Okay,let's turn to the other pair of cities on this map,Thunder Bay and Marquette.As you can see, they're both on the shore of lake superior.But Marquette consistently gets two to three times more snow than thunder bay.Why?Uh,basically what happens is that during the summer,bodies of water,especially ones as large as the great lakes,absorb huge amounts of energy,both from the sun and from the warm summer air that's passing over them.So the lakes become these giant reservoirs of heat,whereas the land around the lakes,well,land doesn't store heat as effectively as water does.As a result, during the cold seasons fall and winter,the land loses its heat quickly,the land gets cold fast,and as you go farther north,it gets very,very cold.But the lake store heat more efficiently,so they stay warmer longer.So eventually you get these significant temperature disparities between the lakes and the land that surrounds each one.There can be about an eight degrees Celsius temperature difference at the southern great lakes,and up to about a seventeen degree disparity farther north,where the water is still warm.But the land is particularly cold.Then,here comes the dry,continental polar air mass,cold air,moving southeastward across the fairly warm lakes.Polar air masses generally move from the north and west to the south and east.Okay,and warm air rises,right?So the warm,moist air from the lake rises up into the cold,dry air above it.Then the difference in temperature inside the air mass creates instability and unstable and turbulent situation in the atmosphere.As the warm air rises through the cold air,it cools down and condense,forming clouds.In the clouds,snowflakesform,and snowfall occurs over the lake and on the downward shores.And because they're downwind,cities to the south and east of the great lakes will get more snow. So because of their location,Marquette,Buffalo and Rochester get buried each winter, while Thunder Bay on lake superior’s northern shore doesn't get hit as hard.Oh,uh,I should mention that many scientists predict that lake effect snow storms will increase in frequency and intensity over the course of this century.They pointed out that the average temperature of the great lakes surface waters increased during the last century, while ice cover decreased.So if this continues,which we certainly can't rule out,there will be less lake water freezing and more that evaporates into the continental polar air masses for longer periods of time each winter.So winters around the great lakes will keep getting wetter,which means more snow,or does it?Let me point out that if air temperatures keep increasing in the next hundred years,polar air mass temperatures will too.And winners will be much milder and get snow.Even though these areas get a lot of precipitation,the air would still have to be cold enough to support snow fall as opposed to rain.Conversation2Now listen to a conversation between a student and a university employee.(F=female,M=male)F:Hi,I'm looking for the person who's responsible for the exhibition of the seniors art projects,the one that's opening here next week.M:OK,that's me.I'm the coordinator for all the art exhibits here at the student center. F:Oh great.I need to talk to you about how my work is going to be put up in the gallery here when.....M:And you are?F:Oh,I'm sorry.I'm Carol Lambert.I'm one of the seniors in the exhibition,but I have sort of an unusual piece to display,so I wanted to talk to you about the best way to show it.M:And is it already here at the gallery?F:No..I can't bring it.I can't set it up until the last minute.I need to borrow some equipment from the art department,but they'll only give it to me for the actual week of the exhibit.M:Well,maybe you'd better tell me a little bit about your work.F:Well,I'm doing a multimedia piece.I made this really elaborate picture frame,but instead of putting a painting in it,I wanna project these abstract images that I created. You know,I found this cool software program that I'm using to do that.The images will change every couple of minutes.M:Sounds complicated?F:Not really.You see the software programs automatic,and it's actually pretty simple.I have this class last semester.M:So,you borrow the equipment.E:Yeah,but what I'm worried...the reason I came by...for this to look right,I need just the right kind of space.M:Well,we don't usually let students choose the space where the work goes.F:Oh,well,can I tell you what I think would work best?M:Okay,go ahead.F:Well,I've tried this all out,you know,in the art studio,and the projector needs to be exactly nine meters from the wall.It has to be that exact distance.So the images will fit just right in the picture frame.That way I want people to be fooled even if it's just for a second to think that they're looking at a real abstract painting.M:OK,we can arrange that.Uh,do you have a stand for the projector?F:Yeah.And once my picture frame is hung on the wall,I'll adjust the stand to the right height.There's one more thing.M:Yes?F:Well,it would be really helpful if the wall,if the frame could be hung on a wall that has kind of dim lighting.If the lights are really bright,the images get kind of hard to see.But if the lights are low,then it'll look more real.M:You know,we use pretty strong lighting so that the visitors can see all the pieces clearly,and we really don't want to turn down.Um,to come to think of it.The individual lights can be adjusted,usually be pointed,um,so they shine directly on a particular work.But in this case,maybe we can turn the spotlights away from your piece,point them somewhere away from the wall.F:Could you?That would be great!M:You know,I'll be interested in seeing how this turns out.Lecture3Listen to part of a lecture in a zoology class.(P=Professor,S=Student)S:Um,professor?We were talking about the principles of classification,how uh, some types of animals are related to other animals and um,similarities between different kinds of animals.But I was reading the textbook last night and it mentioned that um,there lots of animals that are related to each other,even though they have some major dissimilarity.Could you talk about that a little bit?P:Sure,and I'm glad you brought that up.But first,um,out of curiosity,are any of you from the south western part of the United States?No?Well,then I'm probably explaining something a little new to most of you,because when you ask about that, the example that jumps to my mind is uh,one type of lizard,the Gila monster.Gila monsters pretty much all live in the desert areas of the southwestern United States and in northern Mexico,parts of northern Mexico.The Gila monster looks and acts a lot like other lizards,but in one key way,it seems different.I mean,Gila monsters would be classified as lizards because,well,uh,the Gila monster and all lizards share certain characteristics.Some of the features of the skull,the jaw,and other parts of the skeleton.All lizards inherit these features from a common ancestor.That's why they are classified as lizards.And most lizards also have things like four legs,uh,a long tail,skin covered in scales.Let's see,um,a triangular head.And yes,Michelle?S:You know,there's actually an illustration of one on,let's see page twelve of our handouts.P:Thanks,Michelle.Let's all take a look.Basically,It's a fairly large creature.My guess about two feet long.It has,well,you can see those spots or blotch as all along its body,ah..Mike?S:Um，you said f that Gila monsters are different from most other lizards.But what you just described and the picture,well,it's..it's like lots of other lizards.P:Right.Yes.As I said,Gila monsters are like other lizards,but uh,they have one significant difference.In contrast to nearly all other lizards.Gila monsters are venomous.S:Venomous?You mean poisonous like snakes?P:Well,yes.In fact,Gila monsters are a lot like some snakes in that way,but snakes don't have all those other characteristics I mentioned before,but many snakes,many kinds of snakes are venomous.So are Gila monsters more closely related to snakes or to lizards?S:Ah...snakes?P:No!lizards!It's true that Gila monsters and snakes do have that one major characteristic in common.And of course,snakes and Gila monsters are both reptiles. But what helps us decide where the Gila monster belongs?Well,and this is the point I want to stress here.Similar features in different species may occur because they wereinherited from a common ancestor.Then those features are a sign that the species are related.But they may also evolve independently.And they may even evolve for completely different reasons,um,different purposes.And and that's what's happening, here.Not only did the venom system of snakes and Gila monsters evolve independently,but they also function quite differently from each other.Snakes use their venom to hunt and subdue prey for food,but Gila monsters just,uh,they basically use it for self defense.You'll only see a Gila monster use its venom if it's attacked,or um,if it feels threatened in some way,you see Gila monsters,when they sense danger,they first try to hide,um,to to mix in with the environment,the colors of their skin with all its spots and blotches blend well with the colors of their surroundings,but sometimes their camouflage can fail.So then for defense they use their venom.So so getting back to the point,it would be a mistake to classify snakes and Gila monsters in in the same category just because they're both venomous.Oh,oh, there's another interesting thing about Gila monsters in their venom.There's a chemical in their venom that's being used in a new drug to help fight type two diabetes and the experiments with this new drug.Well,this could really represent an important medical breakthrough.It's worth noting that this chemical is only found in the venom of Gila monsters.It doesn't occur in snakes,and it doesn't occur in any other lizard.。
托福听力tpo65全套对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo65全套对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Section 1Conversation1原文Listen to a conversation between a student and an employee in the housing office. Employee: Hi. Here for your room key?Student: Actually, no, I got a bill in the mail today.Employee: Yeah, don’t worry about it. Some students got a second copy of their housing bills. You can just ignore it if you’ve already paid.Student: Yeah, no, actually it’s my phone bill. I just got it and it looks like there were all these calls made during the summer break, and I wasn’t even here. I turned in my room key at the end of last term.Employee: Right, but do you remember making arrangements to have your phone service turned off before you left?Student: Was I supposed to do that?Employee: Yeah, you were.Student: I didn’t know that.Employee: Yeah, it’s in the contract.Student: What contract?Employee: Okay, you had service with the phone company, right?Student: Sure.Employee: And you got a copy of the contract when you signed out.Student: Yeah, I guess so.Employee: Well, okay then, it’s buried in the details of the contract in fine print. And I’ve got to admit that I might not have noticed it myself but I’ve dealt with two or three other cases like this. And it does state that it’s your responsibility to cancel the service.Student: Really?Employee: I’m afraid so. You might not have seen it, but it’s in there.Student: But I thought that the housing office automatically shuts the service off when the university closes for the summer break.Employee: I’m afraid not. Classes may end for you, but the university doesn’t close down. We have a whole summer program of short courses, so it’s likely that someone who was enrolled in the summer program was assigned to your old room and when they might plug the phone in...Student: The service was already there. Oh, wow! I really made a stupid mistake. Employee: Oh, well, don’t be too hard on yourself. There is a chance we could do something. What was your old room number?Student: Baker Hall, Room 622.Employee: Okay. It looks like someone did stay there over the break. What I can do is contact them and ask them to give us a call, then we’ll explain what happened and we’ll give them your contact information.Student: Okay, but what if you don’t get a reply.Employee: Well, I hope that doesn’t happen, because if it does, then you are on your own. Again, what it comes down to is this，you signed a contract with the phone company, and there is really not much we can do to help you at this point.题目1.Why does the student go to the housing office?A. To request a telephone for her dormitory roomB. To turn in the key to her dormitory roomC. To ask about an unexpected bill she receivedD. To request an explanation about a bill she had already paid2.What mistake did the student make?A. She forgot to pay her housing fee.B. She did not cancel her telephone service.C. She failed to clean out her dormitory room.D. She forgot to return her dormitory key to the housing office.3.What does the man imply about the student with regard to her contract for telephone service?A. The student needs to show him the contract.B. The student failed to pick up a copy of the contract from the housing office.C. The student forgot to sign a copy of the contract.D. The student did not read the contract carefully.4.What does the man imply about the telephone bill?A. It might have been sent to the student by mistake.B. It may be larger than the student expects.C. The student may need to pay it.D. The student should send it back to the telephone company.5.Why does the student say this:Student: Actually, no, I got a bill in the mail today.Employee: Yeah, don’t worry about it. Some students got a second copy of their housing bills. You can just ignore it if you’ve already paid.Student: Yeah, no, actually it’s my phone bill.A. To correct a misunderstandingB. To apologize for interrupting the manC. To thank the man for the information he has providedD. To show her surprise at what the man just said答案C BD C A译文1.旁白：听一个学生和住房办公室员工之间的对话。
托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
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托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文文本：Communal online encyclopedias represent one of the latest resources to be found on the Internet. They are in many respects like traditional printed encyclopedias collections of articles on various subjects. What is specific to these online encyclopedias, however, is that any Internet user can contribute a new article or make an editorial change in an existing one. As a result, the encyclopedia is authored by the whole community of Internet users. The idea might sound attractive, but the communal online encyclopedias have several important problems that make them much less valuable than traditional, printed encyclopedias.First, contributors to a communal online encyclopedia often lack academic credentials, thereby making their contributions partially informed at best and downright inaccurate in many cases. Traditional encyclopedias are written by trained experts who adhere to standards of academic rigor that nonspecialists cannot really achieve.Second, even if the original entry in the online encyclopedia is correct, the communal nature of these online encyclopedias gives unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers the opportunity to fabricate, delete, and corrupt information in the encyclopedia. Once changes have been made to the original text, an unsuspecting user cannot tell the entry has been tampered with. None of this is possible with a traditional encyclopedia.Third, the communal encyclopedias focus too frequently, and in too great a depth, on trivial and popular topics, which createsa false impression of what is important and what is not. A child doing research for a school project may discover that a major historical event receives as much attention in an online encyclopedia as, say, a single long-running television program. The traditional encyclopedia provides a considered view of what topics to include or exclude and contains a sense of proportion that online "democratic" communal encyclopedias do not.托福TPO6综合写作听力原文文本：The communal online encyclopedia will probably never be perfect, but that's a small price to pay for what it does offer. The criticisms in the reading are largely the result of prejudice against and ignorance about how far online encyclopedias have come.First, errors. It's hardly a fair criticism that encyclopedias online have errors. Traditional encyclopedias have never been close to perfectly accurate, ifyou are looking for a realty comprehensive reference work without any mistakes, you are not going to find it, on or off line. The real point is that it's easy for errors in factual material to be corrected in an online encyclopedia. But with the printed and bound encyclopedia, the errors remain for decades.Second, hacking. Online encyclopedias have recognized the importance of protecting their articles from malicious hackers. One strategy they started using is to put the crucial facts in the articles that nobody disputes in a read-only format, which is a format that no one can make changes to. That way you are making sure that the crucial facts in the articles are reliable. Another strategy that's being used is to have special editors whose job is to monitor all changes made to the articles and eliminate those changes that are clearly malicious.Third, what's worth knowing about? The problem fortraditional encyclopedias is that they have limited space, so they have to decide what's important and what's not. And in practice, the judgments of the group of academics that make these decisions don't reflect the great range of interests that people really have. But space is definitely not an issue for online encyclopedias. The academic articles are still represented in online encyclopedias, but there can be a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the great diversity of users' interests. The diversity of use in topics that online encyclopedias offer is one of their strongest advantages托福TPO6综合写作满分范文：In the reading passage, the author holds the idea that communal online encyclopedias are less valuable than traditional, printed one. However, the lecturer strongly refutes this idea.The reading passage, the author states that a communal online encyclopedia is often with errors and inaccuracies, which is attributed to unprofessional contributors. However, the lecture contends that there are also some inaccuracies in traditional encyclopedias. And the errors and inaccuracies can be corrected easily in an online encyclopedia, while with traditional encyclopedia, errors might remain for decades.As to the belief in the reading passage that the online encyclopedia gives many chances of fabricating, deleting and corrupting information to unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers, lecturer gives two strategies that have been proven very effective in protecting online encyclopedias from malicious alteration. She explains that contents that consist of indisputable facts are stored and presented in a read-only format so that nobody can make changes to them. In addition, she says, there are specialists who constantly monitor contents online so thatthey can quickly remove a suspicious change once it is detected.。
托福阅读tpo64R-1原文+译文+题目+答案+背景知识
TPO64阅读-1Characteristics of Pterosaurs原文 (1)译文 (3)题目 (4)答案 (8)背景知识 (8)原文Characteristics of Pterosaurs①The extinct flying reptiles called pterosaurs were the second group of animals (after insects)to evolve flight.Most pterosaurs were about the size of modern seagulls.A few were as small as sparrows,but some of the later species were the largest flying animals that have ever lived.In1817Theodore Von Soemmerring published the first description of a pterosaur fossil,and thinking that it was that of an unusual bat species,he drew his reconstruction with a very batlike posture and wing.His early reconstruction of a pterosaur has haunted the public and scientific perception of pterosaurs ever since.Soemmerring’s reconstruction is understandable given that he was the first to try to describe a pterosaur,that few naturalists of the time accepted the idea of major groups of extinct animals,and that both pterosaurs’and bats’wings consist of a membrane supported by enormously elongated finger bones.Soemmerring showed his pterosaur with the laterally directed legs and reoriented feet of bats and with the wing membrane stretching from the arm and finger along the sides of the body and legs all the way to the ankle.The reconstruction also included a membrane stretching between the legs,similar to that in bats.Even though other scientists developed less batlike descriptions of pterosaurs in the late1800s,the popular literature,and even some scientific literature,continued to describe pterosaurs as batlike into the1980s.②Bats perch by hanging upside down from tree limbs and roofs of caves.Though many are surprisingly agile climbers,bats are generally awkward when crawling on level surfaces.Did pterosaurs also hang upside down and avoid landing on the ground?Until recently,some paleontologists thought they did,but most scientists now agree that pterosaurs got around on the ground reasonably well.What is still uncertain is whether pterosaurs walked on all fours or just on their hindlegs. Pterosaurs’ancestors were bipedal(two-footed)and used their tails to balancetheir forward-tilted trunks and heads.Early pterosaurs also had long tails and probably could have run on their hindlegs,certainly handy for an animal with wings for forelimbs.These early pterosaurs,however,could have used their forelimbs for walking because their arm and hand bones were only slightly enlarged—most of the wing was supported by the gigantic fourth finger.③Later pterosaurs are more enigmatic:their arms and especially their hands seem too long to be used comfortably for walking,but their tails were too short to counterbalance their bodies if they walked just on their hindlegs.Birds also have short,stubby tail skeletons,but they manage to walk quite well on their hindlegs. Birds manage this by angling the thighs forward to get their feet under the body’s center of gravity.They hold their thighs at this unstable angle with extensive hip and thigh muscles.Some researchers have suggested that pterosaurs’hipbones were too small to anchor extensive thigh-positioning muscles,but others have responded that pterosaurs’leg and foot bones are so strikingly birdlike that pterosaurs must surely have walked like birds.Recently,however,some pterosaur experts have concluded that a number of fossil trackways—trails of preserved footprints—were made by pterydactyloid pterosaurs,and these animals clearly walked on all four limbs.Perhaps some early pterosaurs walked on their hindlegs, but according to current evidence,most species probably walked on all fours.In any case,large pterosaurs,with eight-or ten-meter wingspans and weighing as much as an adult human,do not seem likely candidates for a batlike existence confined to clambering about in trees and hanging upside down from branches.④Pterosaurs also possessed some obvious adaptations for powered flight.They had large sternums(breastbones)for attaching powerful flight muscles, well-developed shoulder bones to carry the body’s weight in flight,and air-filled bones to lighten the skeleton.Some even had a furcula(a fused breastbone also found in birds),perhaps to flex like a spring and help raise the wings during the upstroke.How competent were they at flying?The original batlike reconstructions, along with their classification as reptiles,suggested to many earlier biologists that pterosaurs were only gliders.Biologists now,however,generally agree that pterosaurs were capable of powered,flapping flight.Indeed,the shoulder joint is clearly specialized for the down-and-forward,up-and-back movement of normal flapping.译文翼龙的特点①继昆虫之后，灭绝的飞行爬行动物翼龙是第二个进化出飞行能力的动物。
托福听力tpo69section1-对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo69section1对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation1 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (7)译文 (7)Lecture1 (9)原文 (9)题目 (13)答案 (15)译文 (15)Conversation1原文Student:Hi I'm Robert West,we had an appointment. University administrator:You hear about your graduation form right?I'm about to print it out.Student:Oh good,thanks,I was kind of wondering what it is all about,I mean,I’ve completed more than enough courses work to graduate.University administrator:All this is strictly routine,of course you have to finish your course work.But this form is just the administrative checklist.It's our way of making sure you don't have any unfinished university business,like unpaid tuition bills or lab fees that’s sort of thing.Student:Well,I do have an outstanding student loan,but I was told that I don't have to start paying that off yet,not until I get a job,I do have a job interview tomorrow.University administrator:well,good luck with it,but not your loan,it's not an issue here.Let’s see,the only problem I see is um，what’s this fine for…uh,an overdue CD that you borrowfrom the music library.Student:Really?I…I checked it out,like three months ago,but wasn’t really for me.University administrator:Oh,you checked it out for a friend？Student:No,for a faculty member actually.We need that music for a play we produced.Uh,professor Williams was our director and I was in the show.Anyway,he’d asked me to borrow the recording from the library.University administrator:Okay,but that still doesn't explain why you didn't return it.Student:Well,he ended up with it.He says he’d return it.And I just assumed that was that.Because I never heard anything from the library.University administrator:That’s all,you used it and you know this.Student:Yeah,Oh,but I did recently move to a new apartment, maybe they did send something.University administrator:Okay,well this should’ve been done in a time in manner.But as they say better late than never,if you return the CD now,you get away with just a late time,which is a lot less than the fee to replace it.Student:Yeah,but it's totally not my fault,so now I have to track down the CD to avoid having to pay this replacement fee. University administrator:Well,yes.I mean it sounds like there was some kind of a mix-up,but the burden is still on you to settle your library account.You know it,it might be that their records are wrong,so first I suggest you go there make sure and then you might have to go talk to professor Williams. Student:Oh,I guess I have no choice.University administrator:Don't worry too much,these things always get sorted out.Student:Yeah,you’re right.It's no big thing,I should be more worried about my job,interview,then about this. University administrator:And when it’s all worked out,come back here for your paper work.题目.Why does the student go to see the woman?A.To make sure he has completed enough course work to graduateB.To find out when his student loan must be paid backC.To pick up an administrative formD.To complain about a library fine2.What is the student's problem?A.He forgot to return some library books.B.He cannot start paying off his student loan yet.C.He paid his graduation fee too late.D.He owes money to the music library.3.Who is Professor Williams?A.The head of the libraryB.The director of a play the student was inC.The student's music professorD.The person who arranged a job interview for the student4.What is the most likely reason the student did not receive the notice from the library?A.He recently moved.B.He has been out of town.C.The library just mailed it the day before.D.The library sent it to Professor Williams.5.What can be inferred about the student when he says this: University administrator:Well,yes.I mean it sounds like there was some kind of a mix-up,but the burden is still on you to settle your library account.You know it,it might be that their records are wrong,so first I suggest you go there make sure and then you might have to go talk to professor Williams. Student:Oh,I guess I have no choice.A.He is not sure how to respond to the woman.B.He feels he has been treated unfairly.C.He wonders if there is another solution.D.He does not think the woman's suggestions will work.答案C D B A B译文1.学生：嗨！我是Robert West，我们之前有约。
托福听力tpo66全套对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo66全套对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Section1 (1)Conversation1 (1)原文 (1)题目 (3)答案 (5)译文 (5)Lecture1 (7)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Section2 (13)Conversation2 (13)原文 (13)题目 (15)答案 (16)译文 (17)Lecture2 (18)原文 (18)题目 (20)答案 (22)译文 (22)Lecture3 (24)原文 (24)题目 (27)答案 (28)译文 (29)Section1Conversation1原文Student:How was that conference last weekend?Professor Miles.Professor:Great.I heard some really terrific presentations,refreshing topics too. About all these,you don't usually hear too much about.Student:why not?Professor:Oh,it's a funny thing about academia.It thinks scholars would do research about every topic imaginable.But actually,some authors,some genres aren't respective very much.So not very much is written them...gothic literature,detective novels.Student:But that's what the conference was about？Professor:Yeah,pretty much.It was kind of subversive,I guess.But there's a whole wealth of knowledge out there just waiting to be explored.I find that really exciting.Student:Sure.Professor:Yeah.Anyway,you wanted to ask me about the final paper?Student:Yeah，which I see now ties into the theme of that conference,since we're supposed to write about a book from one of those lesser genres.I was wondering what about science fiction?Professor:Sure.Though it's a genre that's actually getting more and more respect within academia.There was even a talk at the conference about Jack Vance.Student:He wrote planet of adventure,right?Professor:Yeah.He's a well-researched respected science fiction writer.If you're interested in science fiction,you could look them up.That leads you to lots of other authors and lots of possibilities for your paper.Student:Great.I'm relieved you think that,that's a good genre to study.I'll find a book that interests me and do the paper on that.It seems like most people assume that science fiction is kind of like,I don't know,junk literature.Professor:Yes,a lot of people do.Student:Yeah,but I've read somethings and I think that some of it is really well written and it takes so much imagination to write SCI-Fi.Professor:Well,careful,though,there is a difference between science fiction and Scifi.Student:What do you mean?Professor:SCI fi,that's what you tend to see in films.It has all the spaceships and robots,and it focuses on exotic technology you know factor like special effects，at the expense of a well written story.I think a lot of people don't realize this and tend not to make a distinction.Student:Okay.Professor:But true science fiction is much more intellectual than that. The story is very important,and even though it might take place in an imaginary world,it might have exotic gadgets.The focus is on the plot.Science fiction creates metaphors about our world.And well what it means to be human.It's meant to get people to think about real things like history and human behavior.That's worthy of your time,but not SCI fi.Student:Great.Well.Can I let you know next week which book I want write about?Professor:Sure.题目1.Why does the man go to see the professor?A.To find out what the assignment is for the final paperB.To discuss a conference that the professor attendedC.To get a topic area approved for a class assignmentD.To find out the difference between science fiction and sci-fi2.What was unusual about the conference that the professor attended?A.It included presentations by many scholars who were not well known to the professor.B.It included presentations by students.C.It focused on authors who are respected by most scholars.D.It focused mostly on less popular literary genres.3.Why does the professor mention Jack Vance?[Click on2answers.]A.To encourage the man to write a paper about Planet of AdventureB.To support her point that some authors should be researched moreC.To indicate a way for the man to begin looking for a suitable topicD.To demonstrate that science fiction is gaining attention from scholars4.What is the man’s attitude toward science fiction?A.He is confident that it will become more respected.B.He disagrees with a commonly held opinion about it.C.He understands why it is not well respected.D.He is impressed that it includes exotic technology.5.According to the professor,what is a key difference between sci-fi and science fiction?A.Sci-fi is intellectually more challenging than most science fiction.B.Science fiction stories are often made into films.C.Science fiction places more importance on plot than sci-fi does.D.Science fiction makes little use of exotic technology.答案C D CD B C译文1.学生：上周末的会议如何，Miles教授？2.教授：很好，我听到了很多非常精彩的演讲，以及令人耳目一新的话题，而且这些话题平时都没机会听到。
托福听力tpo66 lecture1、2、3 原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo66lecture1、2、3原文+题目+答案+译文Lecture1 (1)原文 (1)题目 (3)答案 (5)译文 (5)Lecture2 (7)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Lecture3 (13)原文 (13)题目 (15)答案 (17)译文 (18)Lecture1原文Professor:OK,today,I want to talk about sleep.We all sleep.Human sleep,many animal sleep.When we sleep,we aren't actually unconscious,but in a state of reduced awareness of our surroundings.Now,what does that mean for animals in the wild,if they are in a state like that?Unable to monitor their environment?Male Student:Well,they're helpless,vulnerable to predators,maybe.Professor:Right.They are vulnerable to predators.Yeah,they sleep.So let's talk about why,the biology of sleep.So the first thing l want you to understand is that sleeps a very risky behavior.And risky don't evolve unless they bring the animals some kind of benefit that outweighs that risk.So sleep must have a really important function.And I want to emphasize that there is a difference between sleep and other forms of inactivity,like regular rest.The insects,for instance,rest.But they don't sleep.What's specific to sleep is thatthe brain alters many of its usual activities,including its connection to sensory and motor organs,it shuts those connections down.So a sleeping animal can usually neither sense nor move.And I say usually because…well,we will get to that in a minute.So,basically all mammals and birds sleep.But there are some unusual ways of sleeping.Take marine mammals.Like dolphins,dolphins need to swim up for air once in a while,so they can't completely shut off all movement and sensation.So their brain can't shut down completely.But dolphins get around this.How?won't they sleep one brain hemisphere at a time?Sleeping dolphins actually look like they're just resting,awake and occasionally swim up for air.So how can we even tell their sleeping?Well,we measured their brain activity which showed that1/2was active while the other was sleeping.That's some adaptation, uh?So,what is the function of sleep?As I said,it must be important,but why?Okay.I know you're all tempted to say,uh,that sleeps when the whole body rests that sleep is our mechanism to recover from physical activity.And it's true.When you sleep, your muscles lose their tone,they relax,the body saves energy.But this could happen even during regular waking rest.I mean,that's probably what happens when insects rest.You don't need sleep for that.You can get the same benefit by resting awake.So this doesn't explain why sleep involved.To explain the real function,the most important benefit of sleep.You'll need to focus on the brain,not the muscles.Remember how we can tell that a dolphin sleeping not just resting,is because of a unique pattern of brain activity,which is a clue that sleeps function has to do specifically with the brain.And that's the general consensus cause,that's what could explain by it evolved.It also explains why sleep is a characteristic of mammals and birds,because they have the most complex brains of all animals.The simpler brain uh like a reptile gets by with little sleep or even without sleep.OK,so we know that sleep benefits the brain but in what way?We are notsure yet.Okay.So one hypothesis is that during sleep,the brain's synthesize molecules that it needs for proper functioning when awake.The longer we stay awake,the more those molecules get depleted.So the brain needs to replenish them,and this supposedly happens during sleep.I'm talking about energy sources like glycogen and some types of neuro-transmitter that are needed to transmit signals between nerve cells.So these get replenish during sleep and the next morning our brain is working with a full supply of energy and neuro-transmitters again.With that explains why we feel so alert and mentally refreshed after night sleep.Yes,Jim?Male Student:Well,you know,I don't work well in the morning at all.Female Student:Yeah,I do my best work at night too.Professor:Not everyone's at their best in the morning.I grant you that.But that doesn't rule out the replenishment hypothesis.It's just a bit more complicated than I said.They were fairly sure that there's this other rhythm of mental activity going on that independent of sleep.It's like a pre-program24hours cycle.Your mental activity peaks at a certain hour every day,like at night,for you two.And then it goes down at some other point.But the point is that after a sleepless night,that peak is not as high as it would normally be,and the longer you go without,the lower those peaks get. So the replenishment may be needed to keep the metal high.Does that make sense? The two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive.That's what I'm trying to say.题目1.What is the main purpose of the lecture?A.To explain why people sleep at night rather than during the dayB.To discuss the problems caused by a lack of sleepC.To explain why muscles in the body need sleepD.To explore benefits that are provided by sleep but not by regular rest2.Why does the professor mention that sleep is a risky behavior?A.To suggest that resting while awake is better than sleepingB.To indicate how important the benefits of sleep must beC.To explain why many animals sleep during the dayD.To explain why birds sleep less than mammals3.According to the professor,why is the sleep of dolphins unusual?A.Their sleep is interrupted whenever they need to come up for air.B.They can move around while they are asleep.C.In every dolphin group only half of the dolphins are asleep at any given time.D.Their brains show no activity during sleep.4.What does the professor conclude about the view that the main function of sleep is to allow the body to recover from physical activity?A.It is true for all animals except marine mammals.B.It is supported by measurements of brain activity.C.It explains why sleep has evolved.D.It is not convincing when examined more closely.5.According to the hypotheses discussed by the professor,what determines howalert we feel at a particular time of the day?[Click on2answers.]A.The supply of certain chemicals in our brainB.The chemical composition of our dietC.Our24-hour cycle of mental activityD.The time of day when we usually wake up6.Why do the students say this:Male Student:Well,you know,I don't work well in the morning at all.Female Student:Yeah,I do my best work at night too.A.To show the professor that they have understood the theoryB.To support the professor's point that people tend to be active at the same timeC.To point out a fact that seems to contradict the hypothesis the professor just discussedD.To indicate that they would like to change their sleeping habits答案D B B D AC C译文教授：好的，今天我想谈谈睡眠。
托福听力tpo64 lecture1、2、3 原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo64lecture1、2、3原文+题目+答案+译文Lecture1 (1)原文 (1)题目 (3)答案 (5)译文 (5)Lecture2 (7)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Lecture3 (13)原文 (13)题目 (15)答案 (17)译文 (17)Lecture1原文Listen to part of a lecture in an economics class.The professor has been talking about international trade.Professor:OK,so let's recap from yesterday.Why do nations engaged in international trade?Well,it's often because of a surplus,more than they need,and they also trade for the opposite reason when they have shortages and can't produce everything they want or need domestically.So these explanations are good as far as they go.But there's another scenario we need to discuss.And that is what if a country is capable of producing something it wants or needs but it can also import the same product from another country?Now,how does the country decide whether to make the product itself or import it?OK,take an example.Um,think about the bananas that you buy in the supermarket.If you look closely,you'll see that most bananas in the United States are imported,imported from countries with tropical climates.But theUnited States has warm regions.It has greenhouse.Clearly,it would be possible to grow bananas here.So why doesn't the US do that?Scott?Student Scott:Well,it is like a lot cheaper and more efficient for countries with tropical climates,for tropical countries to grown bananas,isn't it?I mean,they don't need greenhouse to grow bananas,and they're not so limited to certain regions.Professor:Okay,good.That's exactly right.Tropical countries have what we call an absolute advantage in producing bananas.Absolute advantage is the term we use when a country can produce more of a product using fewer resources.They're the most efficient producer of something.And the United States can't be that with bananas.So it's better off specializing in other goods that it can make more efficiently.Let's take an example,say we have two countries and say they each make only two products and they trade only with each other.Simplistic I know.But well, you'll see where I'm going with this in a moment.OK,so as I was saying,two countries,two products,one country can produce both products more efficiently than the other country.Should these two countries even trade at all?Student Scott:Uh,well,no,I mean,like what's in it for the more efficient country?Professor:Well,what is in it for them?Let's,um,well,let's call these countries um,X and Y.Country X makes both TVs and chairs more efficiently than country Y does.It has an absolute advantage in producing both commodities?No question.But what economists also look at is relative efficiency.And from that perspective,we see that country X is a lot more efficient at making TVs than it is at making chairs and in country Y,ah,well,it turns out they're more efficient at making chairs than TVs.So we say that country Y has a comparative advantage at chair making.And country X has a comparative advantage at TV making.So what should happen?Well,first,both countries should specialize in the production of just one thing.The product they're most efficient at making.Country X should make only TVs and country Y should make only chairs,then two of them should trade.Specialization and trade are going to lead to increase in production and increased overall supply of goods and generally lowerprices.Right?Student Scott:Professor,I still don't see how countries figure out when and where they have a comparative advantage.Professor:Well,you can't fully understand the concept of comparative advantage without also considering the related concept of opportunity cost.Opportunity cost is what you lose,uh,the options you have to give up in order to use your time and resources for something else,countries can determine where their comparative advantages lies,uh,like making TVs instead of chairs by figuring out what they can make with the lowest opportunity cost.Ah,you know,maybe this will be clear if we apply it on a personal level.Now think about when you go out to a movie,your direct monetary cost is the price of the movie ticket.Right?But you also spend two hours at the theater.Your opportunity cost includes both,uh,whatever else you could have spent your money on.Um,ten candy bars may be and whatever else you could have accomplished during the time you were watching the movies,uh,you might have completed your homework for this class,or you might have work two hours overtime at your job,thereby earning instead of spending money.See,these lost possibilities are your opportunity cost.题目1.What is the lecture mainly about?A.Advantages that countries can gain by making their own goodsB.Inequalities that lead to trade imbalances between countriesC.Cost and efficiency concepts that help determine trade decisionsD.Ways in which local surpluses can affect international trade2.Why does the professor talk about growing bananas in countries with tropicalclimates?A.To show how opportunity costs affect agricultural productionB.To explain how demand for a product determines its costC.To describe how domestic shortages are createdD.To illustrate the concept of absolute advantage3.According to the professor,what indicates that a country has an absolute advantage in trade?A.It can produce an item more efficiently than other countries.B.It is wealthy enough to import everything that it needs.C.It consistently exports more than it imports.D.It does not have to import any goods from other countries.4.The professor gives an example of two countries that produce televisions and chairs. What does she predict will happen if the economic decisions of both countries are based on the principle of comparative advantage?[Click on2answers.]A.The prices of televisions and chairs will go down in both countries.B.More chairs and televisions will be manufactured in each country.C.Imports of televisions and chairs will decrease in each country.D.The total supply of televisions and chairs will increase in both countries.5.Why does the professor talk about going to the movies?A.To demonstrate the difference between absolute and comparative advantageB.To provide an example to help explain the concept of opportunity costsC.To illustrate the advantages of specialization in the entertainment industryD.To show that economic theories do not always apply on a personal level6.Why does the professor say this:say we have two countries and say they each make only two products and they trade only with each other.Simplistic I know.But well,you'll see where I'm going with this in a moment.A.To reassure the students that the example will help illustrate her pointB.To apologize to the students for using an example that is difficult to understandC.To prepare the class for a shift to a new topicD.To return to a point she made earlier答案C D A AD B A译文请听经济学课上的部分内容。
托福听力tpo67section1 对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo67section1对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation1 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (6)译文 (6)Lecture1 (8)原文 (8)题目 (10)答案 (12)译文 (13)Lecture2 (14)原文 (14)题目 (16)答案 (18)译文 (19)Conversation1原文Student:Hi.I know it's Friday afternoon and all,but this is kind of an emergency.Supervisor:Oh,what kind of emergency?Exactly?Student:Well,I mean,there's no danger or anything.It's like a personal emergency. It's about my apartment.Supervisor:Well,I really only deal with dormitories.The apartment facilities, supervisors,offices,next door room,208ask for Jim.Student:I just came from there.They sent me to you.It's a problem with my stove.Supervisor:And they sent you here.All right.Now,what's the problem?Student:My stove isn't working at all.It won't even turn on.Supervisor:It's electric?Student:Yes.Supervisor:Okay,our electrician is out today,his daughter is getting married tomorrow.So realistically he probably won't get to it until Monday afternoon. Perhaps Tuesday.Student:Really,we have to go without a stove for a whole weekend,possibly more?Supervisor:Yes,as you pointed out,this is not a dire emergency,so it's going to be handled under the normal maintenance schedule,which is Monday through Friday. And I know for a fact that Monday is already pretty tight,the electrician will have a lot to catch up on.So when I say possibly Tuesday,I'm just trying to be realistic.Student:But I really rely on that stove.I don't have any kind of on campus dining arrangement or contract.Supervisor:Well,I understand,but…Student:And it's not even the whole problem.I'm expecting a bunch of people to show up tomorrow night.I'm going to be hosting a meeting of the editorial staff of the school paper.And a dinner was scheduled.Supervisor:Now I see which you meant by a personal emergency,but all I can really do is put in a work request.I'm sorry.Student:I just got finished shopping for all the food for the meeting.Ah.I guess,I'll just have to call it off.Supervisor:Why would you cancel the meeting?Student:Well,I mean,I could do it next week.Supervisor:Couldn't you like use a neighbour or something?Student:I don't think so.I mean,the only neighbors I really know,well enough to ask the guys next door,if you saw the state of that kitchen,you'd understand.I'm not sure I could find the stove under all the mess.Supervisor:I see.Well,we could try to set you up in one of our conference rooms in the Johnson building.Student:Really?I thought that student groups couldn't book the rooms in Johnson.Supervisor:Well,normally they can't.However,given your situation,I can try to put in a word with some people and see if we can make an exception here.There is also a full kitchen in the Johnson building,so you'd be covered there.Student:Okay.Yes.That definitely would work.Um.Do you have any idea when you know if you can make this happen or not?Because I'll need to let people know.Supervisor:Yeah,I understand people need to know what's going on.Um.Let me get back to you in an hour or so on this.Can you leave me your phone number?Student:Sure.Thanks.题目1.Why does the woman go to see the facilities supervisor?A.To find out where there is a stove that she can useB.To complain about her treatment in another facilities officeC.To ask if a meeting can be moved to another locationD.To schedule repairs for a broken appliance2.Why does the woman believe that her problem is a serious one?[Click on2 answers.]A.She does not have an on-campus option for meals.B.She is concerned that the stove could be dangerous.C.She knows that other students have had similar problems.D.She was relying on using the stove for an upcoming event.3.What will the woman probably do next?A.Request an emergency repair for her stoveB.Prepare a meal that does not need to be cookedC.Move her event to a different locationD.Reschedule her event to the following week4.What does the woman imply about her next-door neighbors?A.Their kitchen is too dirty for her to use.B.Their stove is not functioning properly.C.They do not let other people use their stove.D.They will be using their kitchen this weekend.5.What can be inferred about the supervisor when he says this:Student:I just got finished shopping for all the food for the meeting.Ah.I guess,I'll just have to call it off.Supervisor:Why would you cancel the meeting?Student:Well,I mean,I could do it next week.A.He feels sorry for the woman.B.He believes that the woman's plan of action is not necessary.C.He wants to know the reason for the woman's decision.D.He wants the woman to confirm her plan.答案D AD C A B译文1.学生：嗨。
TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分（Conversation）【附答案】
TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】托福TPO，英文名为TOEFL Practice Online，中文直译为托福线上练习，TPO都是历年托福真题，对托福备考是非常有帮助的，今天为大家分享的是TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】。
TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】QUESTIONS1. Why does the student go to see the professor?a. To find out all the requirements for a projectb. To discuss a service gap at a restaurantc. To get help understanding concepts relevant to his projectd. To get help with designing a business plan2. Why does the professor mention a student in another class?a. To describe an interesting topic for a projectb. To explain the cause of her initial confusionc. To point out that she has not received e-mails from all her students yetd. To indicate that she has several students doing projects about restaurans托福听力主旨题的答题技巧新托福听力考试总共有六大技巧的测试与考核。
与这六大技巧相对，ETS有六大题型的测试，分别是：主旨题、细节题、句子功能题、态度题、结构题和推论题。
托福TPO6听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO6听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO6听力Conversation1文本 Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and an employee in the university’s career services office. Student: Hi, do you have a minute? Employee: Sure, how can I help you? Student: I have a couple of questions about the career fair next week. Employee: OK, shoot. Student: Um ...well, are seniors the only ones who can go? I mean, you know, they are finishing school this year and getting their degrees and everything. And, well, it seems like businesses would wanna talk to them and not first year students like me. Employee: No, no, the career fair is opened to all our students and we encourage anyone who’s interested to go check it out. Student: Well, that’s good to know. Employee: You’ve seen the flyers and posters around campus, I assume. Student: Sure, can’t miss them. I mean, they all say where and when the fair is, just not who should attend. Employee: Actually they do, but it’s in the small print. Uh, we should probably make that part easier to reach, shouldn’t we? I’ll make a note of that right now. So, do you have any other questions? Student: Yes, actually I do now. Um ...since I’d only be going to familiarize myself with the process – you know, check it out. I was wondering if there is anything you recommend that I do to prepare. Employee: That’s actually a very good question. Well, as you know, the career fair is generally an opportunity for local businesses to recruit new employees, and for soon-to-be graduates to have interviews with several companies they might be interested in working for. Now, in your case, even though you wouldn’t be looking for employment right now, it still wouldn’t hurt for you to prepare much like youwould if you were looking for a job. Student: You mean, like get my resume together and wear a suit? Employee: That’s a given. I was thinking more along the lines of doing some research. The flyers and posters list all the businesses that are sending representatives to the career fair. Um ...what’s your major or do you to have one yet? Student: Well, I haven’t declared a major yet, but I’m strongly considering accounting. See, that’s part of the reason I wanna go to the fair, to help me decide if that’s what I really want to study. Employee: That’s very wise. Well, I suggest that you get on the computer and learn more about the accounting companies in particular that would be attending. You can learn a lot about companies from their internet websites. Then prepare a list of questions. Student: Questions, hmm… so, in a way, I’ll be interviewing them? Employee: That’s one way of looking at it. Think about it for a second. What do you want to know about working for an accounting firm? Student: Well, there is the job itself, and salary of course, and working conditions. I mean, would I have an office, or would I work in a big room with a zillion other employees, and…and maybe about opportunities for advancement. Employee: See? Those’re all important things to know. After you do some research, you’ll be able to tailor your questions to the particular company you are talking to. Student: Wow, I’m glad I came by here. So, it looks like I’ve got some work to do. Employee: And if you plan on attending future career fairs, I recommend you sign up for one of our interview workshops. Student: I’ll do that. 托福TPO6听力Conversation1题目 Question 1 of 5 Why does the student go to the career services office?。