大连外国语大学课件Human Needs
优化方案高考英语总复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Module2TheRenaissance课件外研版选修8
her talent，whiicnhsp_ir_ed__________ her parents
greatly.(inspire)
motivated
3．It is generally acceptmedottivhaatitopneople are
________ the ____________，the more quickly a person will learn a
foreign language.(motivate)
第六页，共42页。
1．__d_e_p_e_nd__on________ 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况) 2．__i_n_h_i_s_to_r_y_______ 历史上 3．__l_e_av_e_f_o_r ________ 出发去某地 4．_l_e_a_v_e _st_h_.b_e_h_i_n_d___ 把……抛在后面 5．_o_n__b_eh_a_lf_o_f_______ 代表…… 6．_g_e_t_ti_r_e_d_o_f_d_o_in_g__s_th_.____ 厌倦做某事 7．_a_t_l_ib_e_rt_y_________ 获得自由的 8．__u_p_t_o___________ 到(某个数量) 9．__le_a_d__to__________ 通向，导致(dǎozhì) 10．_t_a_k_e_u_p__________ 从事，开始做(某项工作)
第十页，共42页。
2．be＋of＋抽象名词 After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value compared with the greatness of God，philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？” 【仿写】 他知道这些文件对接手这份工作的人有很大帮 助。 He knew the files could ___b_e_o_f__g_re_a_t__h_e_lp_____ to whoever took over the job.
大连外国语大学课件Unit 6
What can you usually see on a postage stamp? Can you tell something about the change of the
affix
transmission
indicate
isolate
deed
device
postage
twopence
document mismanagement
impose
royal
liquor
courier
cigarette originate
stamp tax(duty)印花税
penny post( 便士邮政，指旧
the American Revolution
时无论邮件路程远近均收1便
the Civil War
士邮资的邮政制度)。
internal revenue 国内税收 票 war savings stamps战
Stamp Act:( see note 19 in SB.印花税法：英政府1765年
Word Derivations
document(n.)—documentary(adj.) luxury(n.)—luxurious(adj.) commerce(n.)—commercial(adj.) transmit(v.)—transmission(n.) require(v.)—requirement(n.) impose(n.)—imposition(n.) responsible(adj.)—responsibility(n.) divide(v.)—division(n.)
大连外国语大学课件b2UNIT 15
2. Blow the cobwebs away :
(infml) to make one feel fresher and more active with air and exercise. 以呼吸新鲜空 气和运动来清醒头脑
Let’s go for a walk and blow the cobwebs away . 让我们出去散步清醒一下头脑吧。
非常热闹的城镇
Journey :
V. go on a journey u He journeyed round the world. uHe journeyed frequently to Paris and other
places. u He journeyed frequently to Russian on
u He tried to inspire them to greater efforts. uI was inspired to work harder by his
example. Inspiring : (adj.) inspiring music / inspiring leadership
Pre-reading Questions
6. What did the earliest fans look like? 7. Who were supposed to be the earliest
fan users? 8. Why did Japanese generals use fans in
Fans in the ancient time
Different kinds of fans
Fans used at dances
Different kinds of fans
大连外国语大学课件Unit 1
Questions
• What was the outside of the school was like? • What can you infer from “they struggle to
survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road”? • What was the inside of hall like? • Describe the appearance of the headmaster. • What kind of class was the writer asked to teach? • What have you learned about the young man? Did he accepted the job in the end?
• 7. What do you think was the outcome of the interview? Why do you think so?
Role Play
Act out the story in groups of four.
Description of a Person
forehead: large, high, low, broad, narrow… moustache: close-cropped, drooping, pointed… eyes: bloodshot, bulging, prominent, close-set… hair: short, long, thin, thick, curled, wavy… figure: slender, stout, stooping, thin, slim… height: tall, short, of medium height…
大连外国语大学课件b2Unit 9
par （高尔夫）规定击球次 数（18个穴共72次）；达到规定 击球次数的成绩
• above par 在一般水平以上
• under par 在一般水平以下
• up to par 达到一般水平
• Your work is not up to par this week.
Floodlight
• large powerful light that produces a wide beam, used to light sports grounds, theatre stages, ect. 泛光灯，探照灯 (floodlighted or floodlit)
• I am a hopeless housewife. • 我实在不会料理家务。
The penny dropped.
• If you say the penny dropped or the penny has dropped, you mean that you or someone else suddenly understands or becomes aware of something that you or they did not know about.
• 1)make (become) straight • Their house is just where the lane
straightens out. • He tried to straighten out the bent wire.
2)to remove (the confusions or difficulties in) 清理，整顿
pull away
• 1)(esp. of a vehicle)start to move off • He jumped onto the bus just as it was
2010年大连外国语大学英语专业语言学真题试卷_真题-无答案
2010年大连外国语大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷(总分152,考试时间90分钟)1. 判断题1. If we are not fully aware of the nature and mechanism of our language, we will be ignorant of what constitutes our essential humanity.A. TrueB. False2. A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound and cannot be further analyzed.A. TrueB. False3. Anthropological linguistics refers to the approach which studies language over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. TrueB. False4. The features that define our human languages can be called distinctive features.A. TrueB. False5. The stimulus-response model provides the point of departure for behaviorist research.A. TrueB. False6. V oice is a grammatical category of verbs which expresses the subjective attitude of the speaker towards the state of affairs described by the utterance.A. TrueB. False7. " The ideal user"s knowledge of the rules of his language" defined by Chomskv is **petence.A. TrueB. False8. AUTHORIAL STYLE looks closely at how linguistic choices help to construct textual meaning. When we examine it, we will need to examine linguistic choices which are intrinsically connected with meaning and effect on the reader.A. TrueB. False9. Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some phonetic resemblance.A. TrueB. False10. Slips of the tongue or pen made by either foreign language learners or native speakers are generally referred to as lapses.A. TrueB. False11. A lingua franca has to be a native language currently spoken by a particular people.A. TrueB. False12. Manner of articulation is the only way by which we tell whether a sound is a consonant or not.A. TrueB. False13. Noun phrases, verb phrases and prepositional phrases usually form endocentric constructions.A. TrueB. False14. Embedding is the means by which one clause is included in the main clause in syntactic subordination.A. TrueB. False15. Meaning is extracted from text or speech by relating what is presented to information stored in short-term memory.A. TrueB. False16. In English some books is a case of number concord.A. TrueB. False17. The belief that speakers of different languages perceive and experience the world differently is the notion of language relativism.A. TrueB. False18. A single phoneme always represents a single morpheme.A. TrueB. False19. Blending is a form of compounding, in which a new word is created by cutting the final part, initial part or cutting both the initial and the final of a word.A. TrueB. False20. Parole is the term used by Saussure to refer to utterances.A. TrueB. False2. 填空题1. The r______ theory is a theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the real world.2. R______ is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use.3. V______is made with the back of the tongue and the soft palate. An example in English is [k]as in cat.4. Evidence in support of lateralization for language in the left hemisphere of the **es from researches in d______listening tasks.5. A major theory in p______ is the theory of conversational implicature, proposed by Grice.6. In the aspect of sense relation, when a word is a hyponym of itself, it is called an a______.7. Bound morphemes contain two types; roots and a______ .8. The p______function of language can extend to the control of reality as on some magical or religious occasions.9. Foreign language learners will subconsciously use their L1 knowledge in learning the foreign language and this is called language t______.10. When two words are c______ antonyms, one always presupposes the other.3. 单项选择题1. ______function constructs a model of experience and logical relations.A. InterpersonalB. TextualC. MetalingualD. Ideational2. ______ is not the term used to classify the English consonants in terms of manner ofarticulation.A. ApproximantB. LateralC. PlosiveD. Bilabial3. In the following word ______, the articulation of bilabial is not manifested.A. petB. metC. howD. web4. Triphthongal glides in English can be heard in the word ______.A. tideB. toyC. howD. wire5. In the words maps, dogs, watches, mice and sheep, each of/s/, /z/, /iz/, /ai/ and /i:/ is a(an)______of the plural form.A. allomorphB. allophoneC. similar phonemeD. counter phoneme6. In the word international, national is ______.A. a suffixB. a rootC. a stemD. a prefix7. The agent of the sentence Sam was hit by a truck running behind a car is______.A. a carB. SamC. a truckD. none of the above8. The following statements are in accordance with Halliday"s opinions on language EXCEPT______.A. The use of language involves a network of systems of choicesB. Language is never used as a mere mirror of reflected thoughtC. Language is a system of abstract forms and signsD. Language functions as a piece of human behavior9. Componential Analysis is a way proposed by the ______ semanticists to analyze the word meaning.A. structuralB. cognitiveC. behavioralD. functional10. Of the following pairs of words, ______belongs to the type of complementary antonyms.A. employer/employeeB. captive/freeC. rich/poorD. fast/ slow11. The following are factors that help to produce near synonyms EXCEPT______.A. conceptual differenceB. stylistic differenceC. dialectal differenceD. connotative difference12. The research purposes of sociolinguistics include all the following EXCEPT .A. to generalize the societal rules that explain and constrain language behaviorB. to discover the relationship between speakers" social status and their phonological variationsC. to determine the symbolic value of language varieties for their speakersD. to draw inferences about the relationship between register and kinds of change in language13. The presence of a conversational implicature relies on all the following factors EXCEPT______.A. the Principle of MannerB. the conventional meaning of words usedC. the CPD. the linguistic and situational contexts14. The following statement "There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman" is an example of______.A. metonymyB. synecdocheC. antonomasiaD. personification15. The utility of the corpus is increased when it has been______.A. encodedB. sortedC. annotatedD. programmed16. To know how much a learner has mastered the content of a particular course, a teacher should set up ______test.A. an aptitudeB. an achievementC. a diagnosticD. a proficiency17. The opinion that "Errors show that the learner has not changed his mother tongue habits into desired habits of the new language" is very likely to be held by______.A. structuralistsB. functional grammariansC. transformational-generative grammariansD. formalists18. Which of the following findings concerning basic processes in reading is NOT true?A. The reader is believed to carry out the processes required to understand each word and its relationship to previous words in the sentence as soon as that word is encountered.B. The reader"s eyes move across a page of text smoothly.C. The perceptual span encompasses fewer letters to the left of fixation but more to the right.D. The perceptual span covers almost 20 letters.19. Firth did not regard language as ______.A. a social processB. a set of agreed-upon semiotics and signalsC. a means of doing things and making others do thingsD. a means of social life20. MOOD and MODALITY in Systemic Functional Grammar help to realize______function.A. ideationalB. textualC. interpersonalD. metalingual21. In a syllable, a vowel often serves as ______.A. Peak or NucleusB. OnsetC. CodaD. stress22. In terms of the meaning expressed by words, they can be classified into ______.A. grammatical words and lexical wordsB. content words and lexical wordsC. grammatical words and function wordsD. full words and empty words23. Poly-morphemic words other **pounds may be divided into ______.A. roots and affixesB. bound morphemes and free morphemesC. free morphemesD. roots and free morphemes24. ______can best describe the following group of words; fry→fried, Sunday + school→ Sunday school.A. Inflection **poundB. Compound and derivationC. Inflection and derivationD. Derivation and blending25. In English, CASE is a special form of the noun which frequently corresponds to a combination of preposition and noun, and it is realized in all the following channels EXCEPT______.A. inflectionB. following a prepositionC. word orderD. following an adjective26. Which of the following is NOT included in G. Leech"s seven types of meaning?A. Connotative meaningB. Referential meaningC. Contextual meaningD. Affective meaning27. ______ studies the internal structure of simple propositions.A. Predicate calculusB. Prepositional calculusC. Sentential calculusD. Truth value28. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, also called as Linguistic determinism, has alternatively been referred to as ______.A. linguistic resemblanceB. linguistic relativityC. linguistic universalityD. linguistic rationality29. Four categories of Maxims in Grice"s Cooperative Principle include all the following EXCEPTA. MANNERB. RELATIONC. CANCELLABILITYD. QUANTITY30. The following are MT research methods EXCEPT______.A. The linguistic approachB. The interlingual approachC. The transfer approachD. The corpus-based31. The sense relation which holds the pair of words here—there isA. homonymyB. complementary antonymyC. gradable antonymyD. converse antonymy32. The sense relation which holds the pair of words before—after is ______.A. homonymyB. complementary antonymyC. gradable antonymyD. converse antonymy33. The sense relation which holds the pair of words sweet—suite is ______.A. homonymyB. complementary antonymyC. gradable antonymyD. synonymy34. The sense relation which holds the pair of words richer—poorer is ______.A. homonymyB. complementary antonymyC. gradable antonymyD. converse antonymy35. The sense relation which holds the pair of words morning star—evening star is ______.A. synonymyB. hyponymyC. gradable antonymyD. homonymy36. The sense relation which holds the pair of words potato chips—junk food is ______.A. synonymyB. hyponymyC. homonymyD. converse antonymy37. In plain English CAUSE(x,(~HA VE(x,y)))means ______.A. x gives y xB. x does not have yC. x causes y not to have xD. x causes x not to have y38. The connective implication corresponds to the English ______.A. if...thenB. if and only if...C. "and"D. or39. Cognitive linguists look at the sentence I fell into a depression as a case of ______ metaphors.A. ontologicalB. structuralC. orientationalD. vertical40. Pair______falls into the syntagmatic association.A. pen—writeB. black—whiteC. judge—guardD. farm—harm4. 简答题1. Use your linguistic knowledge of sense relations to explain what makes the following humorous.(10 points)a. Question; Why was Six afraid? Answer; Because Seven Eight Nine.b. Education kills by degrees.2. What design feature/s of language does each of the following language phenomena show? Explain briefly why you think so.(20 points)a. cir→encircle or circularb. 我感冒了= I have a cold / I caught a cold.(English) = Hargab baa ku haya.(Somali) =Tslaghdn ort.(Irish) =.(Korean)c. 小虎：妈妈，我昨晚梦见你带我去迪斯尼乐园了。
高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology课件北师大版选修7
二 课堂重点释疑
1．postpone vt.推迟，延期 [记牢]
postpone doing sth. postpone sth.until/to ...
延缓/推迟做某事 把某事推迟到……
[练通] 单句语法填空 ①The military training for the freshmen in the new term was postponed until/to the next Sunday because of the bad weather. ②The headmaster postponed holding (hold) the meeting until all teachers arrived at the meeting room.
团结的
5．equip vt.使有准备→ equipment n．装备；设备 6．fortune n．大笔钱财，巨款→ fortunate adj.幸运的→
fortunately adv.幸运地→ unfortunate adj.不幸的→
misfortune n．不幸 7．concern n．担心；担忧→ concerned adj.关心的，牵挂的；
16． circumstance n.
17． submit vt.
18． annual
adj.
下降 [纵联 1] 商行，公司
比率 截止日期，最后日期 表决 [纵联 2] 情形；情况 提交 [纵联 3] 每年的，一年一次的， 年度的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 1．tolerate vt.容忍→ tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→ tolerance
[写美] ③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，你最好准时到达而不要推迟 到达，因为在中国守时是礼貌的。 First of all, you'd better arrive on time instead of postponing arriving because it is polite to be punctual in China. [联想] “延缓做某事，推迟做某事”的表达还有：put off doing sth.；delay doing sth.等。
大连外国语大学课件Unit 7
Word Derivations
unable confidence shyness prolonged fluently expressively
Language Points
1. in the presence of: before, in front of I can never express myself well in the presence of many people. The contract must be signed in the presence of a witness.
2 . be about to do sth. Mrs. Green was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. He waited until she was about to leave. He met her in the doorway just as she was about to go away
Learning is the enterprise of a lifetime.
---W.Wilson, American president.
Spelling
stiff giggle flash titter prolong whisper dumb
perform lean void rush tender redeem blank
Useful Expressions
go blank be sure of a sense of humor lean against
The end of Reading I
Reading II
They Never Gave Me the Present
Unit 9 Human Resources
job.
Philip:
Yes, well...I’ve learnt a lot working with the sales and
marketing team. I like the variety—you know, it’s not
always _t_h_e_s_a_m__e_r_o_u_ti_n_e_. And people on the team are
Listen carefully and make a lot of notes.
Arrive half an hour early for the interview.
Ask a difficult question at the beginning of the interview.
Get an expensive haircut.
OK, good. So what qualities do you bring to this particular position? Well, as you can see, I’m quite ambitious! I’m c_r_e_a_ti_v_e_a_n_d__e_n_th_u_s_i_a_st_ic__—obviously I don’t know everything about your products, but I do have a few ideas already about the marketing possibilities. I’m quite comprehensive—I like to meet targets and goals, as I said earlier. And what would you say were your weak points? Ah, that’s a difficult question to answer. _I_s_u_p_p_o_s_e I can be impatient, sometimes. Hmm...Let’s talk in a bit more detail about what this position involves.
《护理学导论》PPT课件
２．相关性：指各系统要素之间是相互联系、 相互制约的.
３．动态性：指系统随时间变化而变化.
４．层次性：指系统是按复杂程度依次排列 组织的.较简单、低层次的系统称次系统； 较复杂、高层次的系统称超系统.
５．目的性：每个系统均有明确的目的.
四、一般系统理论在护理中的应用
１．系统理论促进了整体护理思想的产生和 发展 人是一个整体的系统
2.协助病人适应压力 <1>协助病人适应医院环境 <2>满足病人的各种需要 <3>提供有关疾病的信息 <4>协助病人适应其角色 <5>协助病人保持良好的自我形象 <6>协助病人建立良好的人际关系
二、护士在工作中的压力与适应
1.护士常面对的压力源 <1>繁重而紧张的工作
<2>复杂的人际关系
<3>高风险
等.
２．生理病理性的
〔１〕正常生理功能变化：如青春期、妊 娠期、更年期等,或基本需要未满足,如饥渴、 活动等.
〔２〕病理性改变：如缺氧、脱水、电解 质紊乱、疼痛或手术、外伤等.
３．心理社会性的 〔１〕一般性社会因素：如丧失亲人 〔２〕灾难性社会事件：如地震 〔３〕心理社会因素：如参加考试
〔三〕压力反应
立的系统,如质量控制系统. 〔３〕复合系统：自然系统和人造系统的综
合,称复合系统,如教育系统、卫生系统.
２．按系统与环境的关系
〔１〕开放系统〔open system〕：指与周 围环境不断进行物质、能量和信息交换的 系统,如人体系统、医院系统.
开放系统的主要功能有
包容：此系统的界限必须稳固,而且通透具 有选择性,以维持其独立性,并预防环境中不 受欢迎与不相关的事物能量或讯息,进入此 系统.
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Interaction activity
Discussion: Compare your needs and
wants at university with those at your homes
could be grown near their homes? What is the difference between needs and wants? How do we differ from primitive men in our food
wants? Name three things that a modern house contains
that we’ll have to do without any rest. I can do with 100 yuan. No one can do without money.
(starve) to death
Cowboy stories bore me to death, I like mysteries.
but an ancient palace did not
True or False
By eating plenty of food, people can have a good nutrition.
In primitive countries, man’s food needs are different from our own in modern societies.
You are drinking yourself to death. Don’t work yourself to death.(lie, Don’t
work so hard)
lack: not to have or not to have
enough of it
What we lack in this house is space to store things.
Modern house contains many material comforts which kings and queens of old times could not enjoy.
Language points
1. can (not) do without 2. (starve) to death 3. lack 4. the same as (the same...as) 5. compare with 6. the same is true of... 7. likewise
I lack the energy that is required to look after the baby.
The reception seems to be lacking in warmth.
A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep aபைடு நூலகம்person healthy.
Solar energy is much safer compare with nuclear energy.
Compare this with that, you'll see which is better. The teacher asked his students to compare their
Human Needs
What human beings cannot do without
General organization
Comprehension Language points Interaction activity
Comprehension
Question and Answer True or False
the same is true of …
Most boys are crazy about football; the same is true of my nephew.
Girls take after their fathers; the same is true of me.
Many elderly people enjoy looking after their grand children, and the same is true of my grandparents.
as it was 4 years ago. He is about the same age as his wife. Her handbag is the same color as her
shoes.
compare with
They consider this speech moderate compared with his former ones.
likewise: in a similar way
Watch him and do likewise. This is how I do it; I want you to do
likewise. I became angry, and he reacted likewise. You must pack plenty of food for the
I dare not take part in the speech contest for lack (n.) of courage.
the same as (the same…as)
He felt just the same as his girlfriend did. My opinion on the matter is just the same
can (not) do without
I can do without a car today if you need it. Don’t you agree that friendship is
something that one can’t do without. We have so much work to do this week
Question and Answer
What is a basic human need? How many kinds of basic needs are discussed in
the passage? Why is food a basic need? How can we avoid malnutrition? Why did primitive people eat only the food that
own translation with the model one on the blackboard. Cf. compare to Death is compared to sleep in many poems. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
Primitive people would think it was so monotonous if they ate a diet of one kind of meat.
Modern people have a wider choice in terms of the types of food they eat.