英语国家社会与文化入门(大学英语专业英美文化概况)unit 16
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(第3版)(朱永涛、王立礼主编)(复习笔记 美国政治制度、教育与经济)【圣
2.1复习笔记ernment1.The Constitution2.Parliament3.Election4.The Cabinet5.Public servants6.Reform7.The Ombudsman8.Local governmentⅡ.Education1.Early childhood education2.Primary schools and secondary schools3.The Correspondence School4.State schools and private schools5.Special needs education6.Universities and polytechnicsⅢ.Economy1.Agriculture2.Forestry and fishing3.Energy4.Overseas tradeernment（政府）1.The Constitution（宪法）(1)New Zealand has no written constitution.(2)The Constitution Act1986defines the relationship between the legislative, executive and judicial roles of government.(1)新西兰没有成文宪法。
(2)宪法法案1986规定了立法、行政以及司法三者政府职能之间的关系。
2.Parliament（议会）(1)The Head of State is the British monarch,represented in New Zealand by a Governor-General.The Governor-General’s agreement is required for an Act of Parliament to become law.(2)New Zealand is governed by an elected parliament,which has had a single chamber—the House of Representatives—since1950.(3)The functions of Parliament include passing laws,supervising the government’s administration and receiving petitions from citizens.(1)新西兰的国家元首是英国女王，总督是她在新西兰的代表。
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)美国答案
美国UNIT 3 1。
What is an American? He is either a European, or the descendant of a European，hence that strange mixture of blood，which you will find in no other country。
He is an American，who leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced，the new government he obeys，and the new rank he holds. .。
Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men，whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world。
.。
The American is a new man，who acts new principles；he must therefore entertain new ideas，and form new opinions。
4 。
In what way did Puritanism influence American culture？A. Today, Puritans are no longer in existence. But their legacies are still felt in American society and culture。
For example，the Puritans hoped to build ”a city upon hill” an ideal community. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment，a worthy model for other nations. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans。
英语国家社会与文化入门unit
Other ethical groups include Chinese, South Asian, and Latin American communities
Canadian Ethnicity and Multiculturalism
Summary: Canada's vast natural landscape offers a range of outdoor activities for tourists and residents alike
American Pop Culture and Entertainment
Summary: American pop culture is known worldwide for its influence in music, film, television, and more
03
Canadian Society and Culture
Key Events
Some of the significant events in British history include the Industrial Revolution, World War II, and the transition to a post colonial power
Customs and Etiquette
Protocol and etiquette play a significant role in British culture, specifically in formal settings For instance, it is customary to meet royalty with a curtsey or a bow
英语国家社会与文化入门下册课件BII U16
• Hollywood, however, had fully recovered economically by the late 1930s and entered into an artistic golden age.
• Among the 1930s’ most notable actors were the child star Shirley Temple, and the most popular film of this period was Gone with the Wind in 1939.
• Meanwhile, many small film companies moved their studios to Los Angeles’ Hollywood.
I. The Early Years of American Films
Charlie Chaplin （1889-1977）
Greta Garbo （1905-1990）
• In 1928, the first all-talking picture, Lights of New York, was shown. With the talkies new directors, including King Vidor, Frank Capra, and John Ford, achieved prominence.
英语国家社会与文化入门上册课件BI U16
• The Dreaming means that people do not own the land, but the land owns the people who have responsibilities of guardianship towards it.
I. Religion
• The British brought their form of Protestantism, Anglicanism, to its new colony, and this religious culture supported the values of the new Australian ruling class, the Military and Government leaders, the business owners and large scale agriculturalists of the 19th century. (Right: St John Baptist Church built in 1840s)
I. Religion
• Protestantism spread the idea that the people at the top of society, the wealthy and the powerful were successful because they were the ones doing God’s will. The majority of people in this new colony -- the convicts and the poorer free men and women were seen as being, not only lower in the social scale, but lower in the eyes of God. (Right: Convicts)
英语国家社会与文化入门上册unit课件
The courseware provides an overview of the major political parties, election processes, and the role of citizens in the political system.
American history
Summary
The courseware provides an overview of American history, starting from the early settlement of the country to the present day. It covers key events, people, and themes that have shaped the development of American society.
The American education system
Summary: This section of the courseware provides an overview of the American education system, including its structure, financing, and key educational policies.
03
Canadian Society and Culture
Canadian history
• Summary: The courseware provides an overview of the historical development of Canada, including the country's early settlement, the French and British colonial periods, and the establishment of the Dominion of Canada.
英语国家社会与文化入门 unit16
Political party
Liberal conservative party Liberal party Liberal conservative party Liberal conservative party
5
6 7
Mackenzie Bowell
Charles Tupper Wilfrid Laurier
Jean Chrétien
Jean Chrétien was the 20th Prime Minister of Canada. He served in the position for over ten years. Chrétien was strongly opposed to the Quebec sovereignty movement and supported official bilingualism and multiculturalism. He won a narrow victory as leader of the federalist camp in the 1995 Quebec Referendum, and then pioneered the Clarity Act to avoid ambiguity in future referendum questions. He also advanced the Youth Criminal Justice Act in Parliament.
Liberal party Progressive Conservative Party Liberal Party Liberal Party
List of Prime Minister of Canada
16 Joe Clart 1979 1980 Progressive Conservative Party
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)英国答案
英国Unit 3 第6题What kind of institution(部门is the House of Lords（上议院）? What role dose it play in 部门) 部门（上议院）British government? A: It consists of the Lords Spiritual(神职议员)who are the Archbishops(大主教) and most prominent （杰出的、卓越的）bishops （主教）of the church of England ;and the Lords Temporal(世俗议员)，which refers to everyone else。
②They inherited(继承) the seat from their forefathers or been appointed by the sovereign （郡主、最高统治者）parliament 议会）they speak and vote .In （as individuals （个人）,not as representatives （代表）of the greater interests of the country. They do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament at all.unit5 3.What are the three main areas in national economies？Describe the development of each of the three areas in the UK economy. 答案National economies can be broken down into three main areas,”primary”industries, such as agriculture ,fishing, and mining,”second-ary”industries, which manufacture complex goods from those primary products ;and tertiary industries .often described as services,such as banking, insurance, tourism, and the selling of goods. Britain’s agricultural sector is small （producing 1.4%of the national wealth ）but efficient, producing 58% of the UK’s food needs with only 2%of its workforce.Three quarters of Britain’s land is used for agriculture. With about a quarter of that under crops-wheat and barley are the two commonest. The rest is grazing for animals, including cattle (both dariy and beef), The fishing industry provides 55%of the UK demand for fish Sconish ports land the majority of the fish caught. In the secondary sector of the economy. Manufacturing industry remains important, producing 22% of national wealth. British companies are are active in all major fields of manufacturing industry, but are particularly strong in pharmaceuticals(the British company Glaxo-Wellcrme is the biggest drug company in the world),chemicals([C]is the second largest paint manufacture in the world),aerospace overall the UK industry is third in （size in the world）and food drink (Scotch whisky being a major export). ）unit7 1. (1)What are the purposes of the British education system? (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system? (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations? 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy.(3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class? British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature o f British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future.3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2? Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality? Pick up some examples from the text toillustrate your points. Other major changes to the British education system were caused by world war Ⅱ。